Revisiting the Cretaceous Lungfish atlantoceratodus Iheringi (Ameghino 1898) from the Mata Amarilla formation (Argentina) with comments on tooth plates histology Panzeri, Karen Magalí Atlantoceratodus iheringi (Ameghino, 1898) from Argentine territory is restudied based on its known tooth plates and newly discovered material, which includes previously unknown skull roof bones and vomerine tooth plates. The latter represent the first records of such elements from the Mesozoic era in South America. The comparative morphological analysis reveals its distinctiveness from other dipnoans, and offers valuable data for future systematic and phylogenetic research. The pterygopalatine tooth plates display narrow-based first denticulations and lack anterior wear facets, with the inner angle positioned at the level of the second denticulation. Similarly, the prearticular tooth plates feature straight mediolingual edges, and a wide-based first denticulation without sinuosities at the tip. Histological sections are performed and analyzed in detail for the first time. A. iheringi presents in this aspect distinctive features such as: large-lumen denteons tending to cluster together, circumdenteonal dentine arranged in a double band (an inner birefringent and an outer monorefringent), and a disordered interdenteonal dentine, with birefringence surrounding denteons and areas with monorefringence. A. iheringi exhibits histological structure closer to Mesozoic and Cenozoic dipnoans than Paleozoic, especially resembling the disposition observed in the Upper Cretaceous Patagonian species Metaceratodus baibianorum. The wide distribution of features designated as diagnostic for Atlantoceratodus is discussed.

Hábitos tróficos del dientudo Acestrorhynchus pantaneiro (Menezes 1992) en el valle aluvial del Río Paraná, Corrientes (Argentina); Trophic habits of Acestrorhynchus pantaneiro (Menezes 1992) in the alluvial valley of the Paraná River, Corrientes (Argentina) Bertran, Paula; Moreno, Enzo Gonzalo; Hernández, D.; González, A. O.; Sánchez, S.; Ruiz Díaz, F. J. El estudio de la dieta de los peces permite entender cómo éstos influyen en los demás organismos del ecosistema a través de las interacciones tróficas. El objetivo del estudio fue ampliar el conocimiento que se tiene del hábito trófico de Acestrorhynchus pantaneiro en el valle aluvial del río Paraná. Se evaluaron contenidos estomacales de 140 individuos de A. pantaneiro recolectados con pesca eléctrica en cuatro zonas del río Paraná, aguas abajo de la represa de Yacyretá, entre mayo de 2016 y febrero de 2018. Se evaluó la presencia/ausencia de contenido estomacal y para cada ítem se analizó a nivel taxonómico procediendo al cálculo de los siguientes indicadores: índice de frecuencia de ocurrencia, método volumétrico e índice alimentario. El 58% de las muestras presentaron algún tipo de ítem alimentario en el contenido estomacal, mientras que el 42% se encontraron vacíos. Los ítems más frecuentes hallados en los estómagos fueron especies de los órdenes Perciformes, Characiformes y Siluriformes, estimándose los mayores valores porcentuales para el género Crenicichla. Los resultados de este estudio sugieren que A. pantaneiro, además de tener hábitos tróficos piscívoros, demostró preferencias por el consumo de especies del género Crenicichla.; The study of fish diets allows us to understand how they influence other organisms in the ecosystem through trophic interactions. The aim of this study was to expand our knowledge of the trophic habits of Acestrorhynchus pantaneiro in the alluvial valley of the Paraná River, Corrientes (Argentina). This study involved the collection and evaluation of 140 individuals of A. pantaneiro between May 2016 and February 2018 in four areas of the Paraná River, downstream of the Yacyretá dam. The stomach contents were analyzed at the taxonomic level to calculate the following indicators: frequency of occurrence index, volumetric method, and dietary index. Of the 140 specimens evaluated, 58% had some type of food item in their stomach, whereas 42% were found empty. The analysis of stomach contents allowed us to differentiate several species consumed belonging to the orders Perciformes, Characiformes and Siluriformes; however, the genus Crenicichla presented the highest percentage values of the indicators. The results of this study suggest that A. pantaneiro, in addition to having piscivorous trophic habits, demonstrated preferences for consuming species of the genus Crenicichla.

Water temperature and microenvironmental factors predict the presence and detection of the snail host of Fasciola hepatica in Andean Patagonia Rodriguez Quinteros, Ana Clara; Soler, Paula; Larroza, Marcela Patricia; Morales, Juan Manuel; Gurevitz, Juan Manuel The transmission of Fasciola hepatica occurs only where there are -or recently were- aquatic or amphibious snails of the Lymnaeidae family, the intermediate host of this parasite. Direct detection of these snails is time-consuming and imprecise, hindering accurate and detailed mapping of transmission risk. To identify which microenvironmental factors could be used as proxies for the occurrence of the lymnaeid snail Galba viator, a major intermediate host in South America, a total of 183 1-m2 quadrants across diverse water bodies in an endemic area in Andean Patagonia were manually timed-searched for snails and microenvironmental variables were registered. Data was analyzed using a Bayesian hierarchical occupancy model that assessed the effects of the microenvironmental variables on the presence of snails while considering imperfect snail detection. The model estimated that G. viator predominantly inhabits shallow aquatic environments, in the presence of grasses, where snails of the genus Biomphalaria are also detected, and with scarce tree canopy cover. Physical factors affecting occupancy presumably act as proxies for the average water temperature, while the temperature at the time of sampling was found to affect snail detectability. The identified variables are easy, fast, and inexpensive to measure, and can complement management decisions and risk maps based on coarser remote-sensing data, particularly relevant in a context of growing resistance to anthelminthic drugs.

Ecosystem service research in the dry subtropics: Current state, temporal changes and drivers of regional variability Aragón, Myriam Roxana; Baldi, Germán Dry subtropical (DST) regions that share similar climatic and topographic conditions exhibittoday significant disparities in population density, agricultural intensity, wealth and culturalvalues. In addition, they are also facing increasing pressures on their natural resources.These attributes collectively shape individuals´ varying dependence on natural resourcesand may influence their perception of ecosystem services (ES). In this study, we conducteda systematic literature review, focusing on the DST regions, to address two mainquestions: 1) What is the current state, temporal trends and regional variability in scientificresearch on ES and 2) What are the potential drivers of the variability in ES research?Amongst the 471 publications found in our review, 53% focused on provisioning services,followed nearly equally by cultural (33%) and regulating (30%) services. Only 13%addressed more than one ES category and approximately 33% mentioned economicvaluation. Our study reveals that research on ES in the dry subtropics experienced asignificant increase from 2005 onwards. Approximately 45% of the publications includedthe term ´ecosystem service´ and its frequency has risen substantially over time. Mostpublications primarily focus on African dry subtropics (over 60%), followed by South andNorth American ones. Publications from southern Asia and NE Australia were more scarce.Importantly, we found no clear relationship between the number of publications, publicationdensity or representativeness and the variables used as indicators of human pressure (e.g.population density). Consequently, research efforts in the DST regions appear to beinfluenced by a diverse range of financial and institutional constraints, internationalresearch agendas, as well as the personal interests of researchers, contributing to theidiosyncratic nature of this field.

La suburbanización de las élites en el Área Metropolitana de Buenos Aires (1975 - 2010). Nuevas evidencias a partir de estadísticas migratorias; The sub-urbanization of the elites in the gran Buenos Aires metropolitan area (1975-2010). New evidence from migration statistics; A suburbanização das elites na area metropolitana do gran Buenos Aires (1975- 2010). Novas evidências a partir das estatísticas de migração Rodriguez, Gonzalo Martin; Molinatti, Florencia El trabajo propone revisitar la tesis de Horacio Torres sobre la suburbanización de las élites en el Área Metropolitana de Buenos Aires (AMBA) durante la última década del siglo XX, un proceso que se asume como estrechamente vinculado con la proliferación de urbanizaciones cerradas en la periferia, y al que el autor consideró “tardío” en relación con lo ocurrido en otras grandes ciudades del continente. A partir del procesamiento de bases de microdatos de censos históricos argentinos, encontramos que la suburbanización de las élites en el AMBA en los noventa, si bien existió, no fue tan tardía o novedosa como se ha creído hasta el momento. Los datos de migraciones internas recientes sugieren que hubo una primera suburbanización temprana durante la última dictadura cívico-militar a fines de la década del setenta. Esta primera migración del centro a la periferia tuvo características distintivas respecto de la suburbanización posterior de los noventa.; The paper proposes to revisit Horacio Torres’ thesis on the suburbanization of the elites in the Buenos Aires Metropolitan Area (AMBA) during the last decade of the 20th century, a process that is assumed to be closely linked to the proliferation of gated communities in the periphery and which author considered “late” in relation to what happened in other large cities of the continent. From the processing of microdata bases of Argentine historical censuses, we found that the suburbanization of the elites in the AMBA in the nineties, although it existed, was not as late or novel as has been believed up to now. Recent internal migration data suggest that there was a first early suburbanization during the last civil-military dictatorship at the end of the 1970s. This first migration from the center to the periphery had distinctive characteristics compared to the later suburbanization of the nineties.; O artigo propõe revisitar a tese de Horacio Torres sobre a suburbanização das elites na Área Metropolitana de Buenos Aires (AMBA) durante a última década do século XX, processo que se supõe estar intimamente ligado à proliferação de condomínios fechados na periferia, e que o referido autor considerou “atrasado” em relação ao ocorrido em outras grandes cidades do continente. A partir do processamento de microdados de censos históricos argentinos, constatamos que a suburbanização das elites na AMBA nos anos noventa, embora existisse, não foi tão tardia ou nova como se acreditou até agora. Dados recentes de migração interna sugerem que houve uma primeira suburbanização precoce durante a última ditadura civil-militar no final da década de 1970. Essa primeira migração do centro para a periferia teve características distintas em relação à suburbanização posterior dos anos noventa.

Revisión crítica de la comunicación médico-paciente: Agenda de investigación intercultural; Critical Review of Doctor-Patient Communication: Intercultural Research Agenda Lazzaro Salazar, Mariana Virginia; Pujol Cols, Lucas Joan; Mendoza Mendoza, Ilsa; González Tapia, Grimanessa Las revisiones de la comunicación doctor-paciente intercultural realizadas a la fecha han apuntado a recomendaciones para la práctica profesional, atendiendo de forma tangencial las necesidades investigativas del campo. El objetivo de este estudio es realizar una revisión crítica de estudios que examinan la comunicación intercultural en la relación médico-paciente para sintetizar sus hallazgos, evaluar sus limitaciones y proponer líneas futuras de investigación que propicien la evolución del campo. Se realizaron búsquedas avanzadas en Web of Science, Scopus, PubMed y Scielo. La aplicación de la metodología PRISMA permitió la identificación de 27 artículos. En la mayoría de los artículos revisados la interculturalidad se encuentra insuficientemente teorizada y la comunicación se examina muy superficialmente. Son escasos los estudios que investigan aspectos discursivos y/o lingüísticos de la comunicación intercultural médico-paciente. Resulta vital que futuras investigaciones incorporen una perspectiva micro-cultural al estudio de la relación médico-paciente y contemplen elementos lingüísticos de la comunicación intercultural.; Reviews of intercultural doctor-patient communication carried out to date have pointed to recommendations for professional practice, tangentially addressing the research needs of the field. The aim of this study is to conduct a critical review of studies that examine intercultural communication in the doctor-patient relationship in order to synthesize their findings, evaluate their limitations, and propose future lines of research that foster the evolution of the field. Advanced searches were performed in Web of Science, Scopus, PubMed and Scielo. The application of the PRISMA methodology allowed the identification of 29 articles. In most of the reviewed articles, interculturality is insufficiently theorized and communication is examined very superficially. There are few studies that investigate discursive and/or linguistic aspects of intercultural doctor-patient communication. It is vital that future research incorporate a micro-cultural perspective to the study of the doctor-patient relationship and contemplate linguistic elements of intercultural communication.

Histopathological survey of Sarcocystiosis in slaughtered animal tissues in Benue State, Nigeria Obadiah, H. I.; Byanet, O.; Nzelu, I. N.; Okita, F. O.; Orlantyoga, A.; Tamen, T. B.; Kur, P. A.; Okopi, M. A.; Alede, G. E.; Adekpe, V. O.; Ugo, F. O.; Oche, E. O.; Kwaghange, D. F.; Abraham, O.; Agada, G.; Schnittger, Leonhard; Atu, B. O.; Omudu, E. A. Sarcocystosis is an important and common disease of domestic animals, yet not much is known about it in Benue State. This research was conducted with the aim to survey the rate of contamination of slaughtered ruminants and pigs with Sarcocystis species using histopathological method during the wet season. The study comprised of 1200 carcasses examined macroscopically, subsequently, tissue samples from skeletal muscle, heart, esophagus, tongue and diaphragm were considered for pathologic studies using the Hematoxylin and Eosin staining technique. The results showed that the highest rate of infection were observed in skeletal muscles of pigs in Makurdi (33.6 %). Infection was associated with joint raising of both cattle and pigs (P < 0.05) but no significant difference was observed between sex (P>0.05) and two different age groups of animals (P>0.05). Macrocysts of white color, oval shape and size range of approximately 2-5 mm were observed in 12 different skeletal muscles of studied pigs, five of which contained microcysts and macrocysts. Observation of cysts of elongated/fusiform and oval shape of different size suggest the presence of at least two species. To the best of our knowledge, these results represent the first demonstration of these parasites in farm animals of Benue State. The results show that Sarcocystis infection is widely distributed in animals slaughtered for meat. The close proximity between livestock and humans on farms, and the frequently poor sanitary conditions in human dwellings strongly suggest an effective life cycle of the parasite. Further molecular analysis is required to allow for species identification and implementation of adequate strategies for the control of zoonotic infection in Nigeria.

Differentiating Nylon Samples with Visually Indistinguishable Fluorescence Using Principal Component Analysis and Common Dimension Partial Least Squares Linear Discriminant Analysis with Synchronous Fluorescence Spectroscopy Froelich, Noah M.; Azcarate, Silvana Mariela; Goicoechea, Hector Casimiro; Campiglia, Andres D. Fluorescence spectroscopy is an attractive candidate for analyzing samples of nylon. Impurities within the polymers formed during the synthesis and processing of nylons give rise to the observed fluorescence, allowing for nylons to be analyzed based on their impurities. Nylons from the same source are expected to display similar fluorescence profiles, and nylons with different fluorescence are expected to be from different sources. This paper investigates an important case where different nylons displayed similar fluorescence, preventing easy discrimination. Samples of Nylon 6 and Nylon 6/12 had visually indistinguishable excitation–emission matrices (EEM), excitation spectra, fluorescence spectra, and synchronous fluorescence spectra at larger Δλ. By collecting synchronous fluorescence spectra at smaller Δλ, additional features in the fluorescence profiles were identified that allowed for some discrimination between the two nylons. Combining the EEM and synchronous fluorescence data with chemometric algorithms provided a clearer differentiation between the two nylons. parallel factor analysis, principal component analysis, and common dimension partial least squares (ComDim-PLS) showed two distinct clusters in the data, with ComDim-PLS providing the greatest distinction between the clusters. The loadings revealed the variables of interest to the ComDim-PLS were the 400 nm and 335 nm bands for all synchronous fluorescence spectra, the 460 nm and 310 nm bands for the Δλ=20 nm and Δλ=30 nm synchronous fluorescence spectra, and the 440 nm band for the Δλ=20 nm synchronous fluorescence spectra. The linear discriminant analysis performed with the PLS data yielded a classification accuracy of 95% with the EEM data and 100% with the synchronous fluorescence data, displaying the power of this technique to differentiate two different nylons with visually indistinguishable fluorescence spectra.

Elise Reimarus, una ilustrada radical: Análisis e interpretación de Freiheit (1791), con una primera traducción al español; Elise Reimarus, an Enlightened Radical: Analysis and Interpretation of Freiheit (1791), with a First Spanish Translation Sole, Maria Jimena En este artículo analizo el contenido del libro Freiheti, publicado anónimo en 1791 y recientemente atribuido a la escritora Elise Reimarus (1735-1803). Se trata de una obra fundamental del periodo de la ilustración que, sin embargo, no ha recibido todavía suficiente atención por parte de los especialistas. Además de ofrecer una presentación del texto, examinar el estado de la cuestión y ofrecer un análisis del contenido del libro, incluyo la primera traducción al español del texto. Mi objetivo es mostrar que al cumplir con su objetivo de definir qué es la libertad, Reimarus transmite un doble mensaje. Por un lado, la filósofa elogia la constitución de Hamburgo y llama a sus conciudadanos a obedecer las leyes que hacen posible la auténtica libertad. Por otro lado, se dirige a los príncipes de Europa para exhortarlos a introducir reformas en sus estructuras políticas que garanticen los derechos humanos, la igualdad y la justicia, además de defender la legitimidad de la revolución política, la necesidad de adoptar una forma democrática de gobierno y la libertad de pensamiento y expresión. Por todo ello, y teniendo en cuenta la manera en que los especialistas la definen, sostengo que Elise Reimarus puede ser considerada como una exponente de lo que se conoce como la Ilustración radical.; In this article I analyze the content of the book Freiheit, published anonymously in 1791 and recently attributed to the writer Elise Reimarus (1735-1803). It is a fundamental work of the Enlightenment period, which, however, has not yet received sufficient attention from scholars. In addition to providing a presentation of the text, examining the state of the art and offering an analysis of the book’s content, I include the first Spanish translation of the text. My aim is to show that in fulfilling her goal of defining what freedom is, Reimarus conveys a double message. On the one hand, the philosopher praises the Hamburg constitution and calls upon her fellow citizens to obey the laws that make true freedom possible. On the other hand, she addresses the princes of Europe to call on them to introduce reforms in their political structures that guarantee human rights, equality and justice, as well as defending the legitimacy of political revolution, the need to adopt a democratic form of government and freedom of thought and expression. For all these reasons, and taking into account the way in which scholars define it, I believe that Elise Reimarus can be considered as an exponent of what is known as the radical Enlightenment.

Political System Justification in Argentina: Ideology, System Performance, and the Legitimization of Democracy; Justificación del Sistema Político en Argentina: Ideología, Desempeño y la Legitimación de la Democracia Alonso, Daniela Rocío; Brussino, Silvina Alejandra The main objective of this study was to analyze democracy legitimacy in a non-WEIRD country from a political psychology perspective. More specifically, two dimensions of democracy legitimacy were empirically isolated: diffuse and specific support. We tested a system justification model of democracy legitimacy, while also assessing the role of sociodemographic and context evaluation variables. We applied a questionnaire with closed-ended response choices to a non-probabilistic quota sample of adults from Cordoba, Argentina (n = 450). Besides descriptively analyzing democracy legitimacy, two hierarchical multiple regression analyzes were performed, one for each criterion variable. The results evidenced that diffuse support for democracy remains relatively high, while specific support for Argentine political system is markedly low. Different variables explained each dimension of political legitimacy: those regarding ideological system justification—right-wing authoritarianism, social dominance orientation, and political conservatism—explained an important amount of the variance of diffuse support but had only a marginal role in explaining specific support. The latter was better predicted by context evaluation variables, suggesting that system performance is more relevant than ideology when it comes to specific support. Thus, although democracy legitimacy could be based on a relatively developed civic culture, a poor system performance is not innocuous. The authors discuss how the theoretical explanations developed and framed in Western democracies may be not adequate to comprehend Latin American political culture.; El objetivo de este estudio fue analizar la legitimidad de la democracia en un país no WEIRD desde la psicología política. Se diferenciaron 2 dimensiones de la legitimidad democrática: apoyo difuso y apoyo específico. Se probó un modelo de justificación del sistema de la legitimidad de la democracia, y se evaluó el papel de variables sociodemográficas y de evaluación del contexto. Se aplicó un cuestionario cerrado en una muestra no probabilística por cuotas de adultos de la Ciudad de Córdoba, Argentina (n = 450). Además de analizar descriptivamente la legitimidad de la democracia, se realizaron 2 modelos de regresión múltiple jerárquica, uno para cada variable de criterio. Los resultados evidenciaron que el apoyo difuso a la democracia sigue siendo relativamente alto, mientras que el apoyo específico al sistema político argentino es marcadamente bajo. Ambas dimensiones fueron explicadas por diferentes variables: las relativas a la justificación del sistema ideológico —autoritarismo de derecha, orientación de dominación social y conservadurismo político— explicaron una parte importante de la varianza del apoyo difuso, pero tuvieron un papel marginal en la explicación del apoyo específico. Este último fue mejor predicho por variables de evaluación del contexto, lo que sugiere que el desempeño del sistema es más relevante que la ideología cuando se trata de un apoyo específico. Así, aunque la legitimidad democrática podría basarse en una cultura cívica relativamente desarrollada, un mal desempeño del sistema no es inocuo. Se discute cómo las explicaciones teóricas desarrolladas para democracias occidentales pueden no adecuarse para la cultura política latinoamericana.

Control y castigo entre crisis, revolución y guerra: Una aproximación a las autoridades de policía en la ciudad de Buenos Aires y de México a inicios del siglo XIX; Control and punishment between crisis, revolution and war: An approach to the police authorities in the city of Buenos Aires and Mexico at the beginning of the 19th century. Vaccaroni, María Agustina La crisis monárquica cuestionó el orden jurídico y social vigente; como consecuencia, se involucraron formas diversas de autoridad configuradas entre nociones y prácticas antiguas y nuevas; como los casos de la Superintendencia de Policía establecida en Ciudad de México en 1811 y la Intendencia de Policía creada en 1812 en Buenos Aires. Esta propuesta reconstruye la trama de normativas, agentes, funciones y prácticas policiales en el contexto de revolución y guerra abierto entre 1808-1810. Tras analizar estas instituciones, mostramos a los sujetos objeto de vigilancia; prestando particular atención a los vínculos entre las autoridades de policía y la gestión del castigo, explorando un vínculo no abordado en la historiografía disponible sobre la temática. Desde fuentes editas e inéditas conservadas en los archivos mexicanos y argentinos, ensayamos una mirada conjunta de dos espacios del imperio español, en la que una matriz común de policía fue reactualizada en una situación de excepcionalidad; The monarchical crisis questioned the current legal and social order; As a consequence, diverse forms of authority configured between old and new notions and practices were involved; such as the cases of the Police Superintendency established in Mexico City in 1811 and the Police Administration created in 1812 in Buenos Aires. This proposal reconstructs the plot of police regulations, agents, functions and practices in the context of revolution and war that began between 1808-1810. After analyzing these institutions, we show the subjects under surveillance; paying particular attention to the links between police authorities and the management of punishment, exploring a link not addressed in the available historiography on the subject. From edited and unpublished sources preserved in Mexican and Argentine archives, we try a joint look at two spaces of the Spanish empire, in which a common police matrix was updated in a situation of exceptionality.

Enhanced photocatalytic performance by ZnO/Graphene heterojunction grown on Ni foam for methylene blue removal Melia, Lucas Fabián; Gallegos, María Victoria; Juncal, Luciana Celeste; Meyer, Marcos; Ibañez, Francisco Javier; Damonte, Laura Cristina ZnO nanostructures were obtained by electrodeposition on Ni foam where graphene was previously grown by chemical vapor deposition (CVD). The resulting heterostructures were characterized by X-ray diffraction and SEM microscopy and their potential application as a catalyst for the photodegradation of methylene blue (MB) was evaluated. The incorporation of graphene to the Ni substrate increases the amount of deposited ZnO at low potentials in comparison to bare Ni. SEM images show homogeneous growth of ZnO on Ni/G but not on bare Ni foam. A percent removal of almost 60% of MB was achieved by the Ni/G/ZnO sample, which represents a double quantity than the other catalysts proved in this work. The synergistic effects of ZnO-graphene heterojunctions play a key role in achieving better adsorption and photocatalytic performance. The results demonstrate the ease of depositing ZnO on seedless graphene by electrodeposition. The use of the film as a photocatalyst delivers interesting and competitive removal percentages for a potentially scalable degradation process enhanced by a non-toxic compound such as graphene

Perceptions and knowledge of local people toward an endangered armadillo from the Buenos Aires coast, Argentina Pagnutti, Norali; Zufiaurre, Emmanuel; Ezquiaga, María Cecilia; Abba, Agustin Manuel In a large area used for livestock production in the north east of the Pampas region of Buenos Aires, central Argentina, there is a subpopulation of endangered armadillo species (Chaetophractus vellerosus) which is threatened by mining activities. Knowledge and perception of local communities living in the range of the endangered species were evaluated using an anonymous online questionnaire. A total of 618 questionnaires were filled out, with the majority of respondent (82%) not being aware of the existence of this species. The study documented the lack of knowledge and the need to develop strategies to increase local communities’ awareness toward this species.

Extrapolation of Type Ia Supernova Spectra into the Near-infrared Using Principal Component Analysis Burrow, Anthony; Baron, E.; Burns, Christopher R.; Hsiao, Eric; Lu, Jing; Ashall, Chris; Brown, Peter J.; DerKacy, James M.; Folatelli, Gaston; Galbany, Lluís; Hoeflich, Peter; Krisciunas, Kevin; Morrell, Nidia Irene; Phillips, M. M.; Shappee, Benjamin J.; Stritzinger, Maximilian; Suntzeff, Nicholas B. We present a method of extrapolating the spectroscopic behavior of Type Ia supernovae (SNe Ia) in the near-infrared (NIR) wavelength regime up to 2.30 μm using optical spectroscopy. Such a process is useful for accurately estimating K-corrections and other photometric quantities of SNe Ia in the NIR. A principal component analysis is performed on data consisting of Carnegie Supernova Project I & II optical and NIR FIRE spectra to produce models capable of making these extrapolations. This method differs from previous spectral template methods by not parameterizing models strictly by photometric light-curve properties of SNe Ia, allowing for more flexibility of the resulting extrapolated NIR flux. A difference of around ‑3.1% to ‑2.7% in the total integrated NIR flux between these extrapolations and the observations is seen here for most test cases including Branch core-normal and shallow-silicon subtypes. However, larger deviations from the observation are found for other tests, likely due to the limited high-velocity and broad-line SNe Ia in the training sample. Maximum-light principal components are shown to allow for spectroscopic predictions of the color-stretch light-curve parameter, s BV, within approximately ±0.1 units of the value measured with photometry. We also show these results compare well with NIR templates, although in most cases the templates are marginally more fitting to observations, illustrating a need for more concurrent optical+NIR spectroscopic observations to truly understand the diversity of SNe Ia in the NIR.

Binary origin of blue straggler stars in Galactic star clusters Rain, M. J.; Pera, M. S.; Perren, Gabriel Ignacio; Benvenuto, Omar Gustavo; Panei, Jorge Alejandro; de Vito, María Alejandra; Carraro, Giovanni; Villanova, S. Building on the recent release of a new Gaia-based blue straggler star catalog in Galactic open star clusters (OCs), we explored theproperties of these stars in a cluster sample spanning a wide range in fundamental parameters. We employed Gaia EDR3 to assessthe membership of any individual blue or yellow straggler to their parent cluster. We then made use of the ASteCA code to estimatethe fundamental parameters of the selected clusters, in particular, the binary fraction. With all this at hand, we critically revisitedthe relation of the blue straggler population and the latter. For the first time, we found a correlation between the number of bluestragglers and the host cluster binary fraction and binaries. This supports the hypothesis that binary evolution is the most viablescenario of straggler formation in Galactic star clusters. The distribution of blue stragglers in the Gaia color-magnitude diagram wasthen compared with a suite of composite evolutionary sequences derived from binary evolutionary models that were run by exploringa range of binary parameters: age, mass ratio, period, and so forth. The excellent comparison between the bulk distribution of bluestragglers and the composite evolutionary sequences loci further supports the binary origin of most stragglers in OCs and paves theway for a detailed study of individual blue stragglers

Valorization of a by-product of the yerba mate industry by assembling with cassava starch adhesive for packaging material production Monroy, Yuliana; Garcia, Maria Alejandra; Deladino, Lorena; Rivero, Sandra G. M. Yerba mate industrial processing produces tons of powder as a by-product, this yerba mate powder (YMP) is an excellent source of biomass to develop biodegradable materials. Cassava starch modified with 1,2,3,4-butane tetracarboxylic acid (BA) in the presence of sodium propionate as a catalyst is an eco-friendly option to obtain bioadhesives. This work aimed to develop sustainable laminates from starch-based adhesives and yerba mate powder and to study their physico-chemical, structural, and mechanical properties. Blends of bioadhesive and YMP were prepared (1:1, adhesive:YMP). Monolayer materials were obtained by thermo-compression and later assembled with adhesive to obtain bilayer laminates. Bioadhesive was able to bind the yerba mate by-product fibers, as evidenced by SEM microstructure analysis, the interactions of adhesive:substrate were elucidated by ATR-FTIR and supported by chemometrics analysis. The incorporation of the catalyst decreased the rugosity of materials and their mechanical performance was improved by the action of both acid concentration and catalyst presence, requiring higher energy for puncture. Thus, it was feasible to obtain mono and bi-layer laminates as an eco-compatible alternative for the design of sustainable tray-like materials based on the industrial by-product of yerba mate.

Atypical Spoilage Microorganisms inArgentinean Yogurts: Gas-ProducingMoldsandBacteria of the Genus Gluconobacter Capra, María Luján; Frisón, Laura Noemí; Chiericatti, Carolina Andrea Antonia; Binetti, Ana Griselda; Reinheimer, Jorge Alberto Microbiological spoilage of food leads to products unfit for consumption, and their discardingleadstosignificant economic losses for the food industry. During storage, fresh foods offer available niches for the survival andgrowth of undesirable microorganisms. In dairy products, data regarding spoilage and/or pathogenic bacteria is betterdocumented than those for molds and yeasts. Dairy products, due to their refrigerated storage and production fromheattreated milk, are less susceptible to mold contamination compared to fruits and vegetables. The dominant microbiotainfermented dairy products also contributes to acidifying the medium, further reducing the risk of spoilage. However, evencheeses and yogurts may be susceptible to mold contamination. Atypical cases of yogurt samples containingspoilagemicroorganisms not previously reported (molds producing gas and bacteria of the genus Gluconobacter) in Argentineanfermented milks are presented here. For yogurt, in particular, the "classic" altering organisms were always beingyeasts, and in other countries, molds belonging to the genus Aspergillus.

Fabrication of Highly Aligned Electrospun Collagen Nanofibers for Tissue Engineering Macias, Jose A.; Pignatta, Evelyn A.; Bronstein, Noah Ansaldo; Cid, Mariana Paula; Salvatierra, Nancy Alicia; Comin, Romina Tissue engineering is aimed at tissue recovery, replacement or regeneration by designing materials inspired by biomimetics to recreate the natural environment for better cell and tissue growth. It is important to mimic the fibrillar structure of the extracellular matrix, essential for cellular organization, survival, and function. Collagen is a major constituent of many tissues and organs, as a result, collagen matrices are often used as a surrogate extracellular matrix for in vitro tissue engineering and in vivo tissue regeneration or repair. This work describes the fabrication of membranes formed by highly aligned collagen nanofibers by electrospinning for use in tissue engineering. Collagen was obtained by homogenization and enzymatic hydrolysis of bovine Achilles tendon, obtaining two samples: high purity collagen and the non-hydrolyzed fraction with 40% collagen. Both samples could be generated randomly oriented electrospun nanofibrous membranes when analyzed by confocal microscopy. The fabrication and incorporation of a rotating collector allowed us to obtain highly aligned nanofibrous membranes of the non-hydrolyzed fraction when we varied the speed of the collector.

Anuran consumption by burrowing owl (Athene cunicularia Strigiformes) in lower Chubut river valley, Patagonia, Argentina Formoso, Anahí Elizabeth; Klaich, Javier M.; Udrizar Sauthier, Daniel Edgardo Burrowing Owl (Athene cunicularia Strigiformes) is widely distributed in American continent and mainly feeds on arthropods and small mammals, with anurans as an important prey seasonally. In Argentinean Patagonia, anurans presence was documented in one study that assessed the diet in Somuncurá plateau. Here we assessed the consumption of anurans by Burrowing Owls in the lower Chubut river valley (Chubut province, Argentina) and its relation with seasons. Two species of anurans are present: Rhinella arenarum (Bufonidae) and Pleurodema bufoninum (Leptodactylidae). Owl pellets were collected seasonally between 2018 and 2022 and dry-disintegrated in the laboratory. Minimum number of anuran individuals was calculated on the basis of ilea and the effect of years and seasons was evaluated with GLM. We analyzed 365 complete owl pellets and 64 prey remains. Anurans represented 44%F of consumed vertebrates and GLM analyses showed higher effect in spring and lower in summer. We identified the 24.2%F as R. arenarum and the 75.8%F undetermined species. We can infer that owls feed during day and night, given the activity pattern for anurans. Our results are similar for those found in spring in Argentina, but differ for other seasons, probably in relation to how anurans use the irrigation channels (spring-summer) and also activate when precipitation is more frequent (winter and spring). Considering that all prey remains and cranial bones belong to R. arenarum, and lacking direct evidence of P. bufoninum, we could suppose that unidentified ilea belong to the former. Nevertheless, this assumption cannot be confirmed until the presence or absent of P. bufoninum was recorded through sampling.

The spectral geometry of hyperbolic and spherical manifolds: analogies and open problems Lauret, Emilio Agustin; Linowitz, Benjamin The spectral geometry of negatively curved manifolds has received more attention than its positive curvature counterpart. In this paper we will survey a variety of spectral geometry results that are known to hold in the context of hyperbolic manifolds and discuss the extent to which analogous results hold in the setting of spherical manifolds. We conclude with a number of open problems.