Coronavirus en Argentina: Polarización partidaria, encuadres mediáticos y temor al riesgo; COVID-19 in Argentina: Party polarization, media frames, and risk aversion Aruguete, Natalia; Calvo, Ernesto ¿Cuánto inciden las preferencias políticas en las percepciones de riesgo sanitario y laboral? ¿Cuál es el efecto de distintos encuadres comunicacionales en la transmisión de estos mensajes políticos? En este artículo procuramos atender a ambas inquietudes mediante un experimento de tuits apareados en el cual variamos aleatoriamente distintos elementos de encuadre relativos a la respuesta sanitaria a la COVID-19 (autor del tuit, mensaje político, imágenes, aceptación y apoyo hacia el contenido por parte de los usuarios), con el objeto de identificar y medir la propensión a compartir determinadas narrativas. Los resultados muestran dos tipos de efectos. Por un lado, que los mensajes negativos y polarizantes disminuyen la tasa de propagación por parte de los encuestados que son expuestos al tuit, al activar identidades partidarias. Por otro lado, que su interpretación del riesgo y, por ende, sus respuestas a las preguntas relativas a la Covid-19 se alinean con el posicionamiento y las decisiones de política pública que asumen los partidos políticos por los que votan. El objetivo ulterior es comprender en qué medida determinados encuadres mediáticos activan identidades partidarias y cómo lograr que otro tipo de narrativas logren mejorar las condiciones de éxito de las políticas públicas que buscan incrementar la tasa de distanciamiento social ante la crisis de la Covid-19.; What is the effect of political preferences on perceived health and job risks? What is the effect of different media frames in the delivery of political messages? In this article, we answer to both questions using a conjoint experiment that randomly rotates frame elements of the health response to COVID-19 (author, political message, images, acceptance, and user support), to identify the likelihood that messages will be shared. Results show two distinct effects. First, messages that are negative and polarizing reduce the rate of propagation among users exposed to the treatment, activating partisan identities. Second, we show that perceptions of risk, and the responses in regards to COVID-19, align with the party positions and the public policy expressed by the users’ parties. The end goal of this article is to understand how distinct media frames activate partisan identities and achieve narratives that improve on the success of the public policies that ensure social distancing in the context of the COVID-19 pandemic.

Biomedicina-Tecnología-Sociedad y COVID-19: miradas críticas, esperanzas y Educación en Salud Dumrauf, Ana Gabriela; Garelli, Fernando Miguel El 2020 será un año que seguramente se recordará como el año de la pandemia de COVID-19, como el año de la cuarentena. Un año en el que las cosas no fueron como esperábamos, en el que debimos globalmente adaptarnos a vivir en un contexto nuevo, modificando parte de nuestra experiencia vital social. Desde nuestro punto de vista ha sido también el año de mayor despliegue histórico del Modelo Médico Hegemónico (Menéndez, 2005) y en el que las relaciones entre biomedicina, tecnología y sociedad han estado en primera plana de los medios masivos de comunicación y afectando nuestras sociedades y cuerpos como nunca antes. Vivimos aislamientos y distanciamientos sociales, cuarentenas más o menos restrictivas, idas y vueltas, reacciones, teorías conspirativas, diferentes regulaciones de nuestros cuerpos y de las formas de relacionarnos realizadas a escala planetaria frente a la amenaza de una enfermedad altamente contagiosa y con significativos niveles de morbi-mortalidad para ciertos grupos con los denominados factores de riesgo. En este contexto, desde un grupo de trabajo en Educación en Ciencias Naturales, Ambiental y en Salud, cuya praxis se centra en la Educación Popular Latinoamericana, entre las innumerables inquietudes y preguntas que surgen, orientamos nuestras reflexiones escritas en torno a: ¿Cómo se configura y distribuye el saber-poder sobre la salud en la actualidad? ¿Es posible construir alternativas? ¿Qué desafíos se presentan para la Educación en Salud?

Cross-ecosystem impacts of non-native ungulates on wetland communities Motta, Luciana Maria; Barrios Garcia Moar, Maria Noelia; Ballari, Sebastián A.; Rodriguez Cabal, Mariano Alberto Herbivory by non-native species can create strong direct and indirect effects on plant and arthropods communities that can potentially cross ecosystem boundaries. Yet, the cross-ecosystems impacts of non-native species are poorly understood. We took advantage of ongoing invasions by non-native ungulates in Patagonia, Argentina, to examine their cross-ecosystem impacts on water parameters, littoral vegetation and aquatic macroinvertebrate assemblages in wetlands. We found a gradient of invasion by non-native ungulates from intact (non-invaded) to highly invaded wetlands. These highly invaded wetlands had ~ 24% less vegetation cover, which was 72% shorter in height than vegetation in intact wetlands. As a result, the abundance of predatory macroinvertebrates such as Odonata (dragonflies) was reduced by ~ 90%; while Diptera were ~ 170% more abundant, and Oligochaeta were recorded mostly at invaded sites. In contrast, we did not find evidence that non-native ungulates altered water parameters. Understanding the indirect consequences of invasive non-native species is crucial for quantifying the real impacts of global change. Our results show strong cross-ecosystem impacts of non-native ungulates on macroinvertebrate wetland communities, highlighting the importance of indirect interactions beyond ecosystem boundaries.

Insensitivity in the pore size distribution of ultramicroporous carbon materials by CO2 adsorption Cornette, Valeria Cecilia; Villarroel Rocha, Jhonny; Sapag, Manuel Karim; Delgado Mons, Rodrigo Nahuel; Toso, Juan Pablo; López, Raúl Horacio Accurate quantification of ultramicropores is critical to optimizing and understanding the performance of carbon materials in many applications. The pore size distributions (PSD) were calculated from the CO2 adsorption isotherms by Non-local Density Functional Theory (NLDFT) and Grand Canonical Monte Carlo simulations (GCMC). The PSDs obtained using a pseudo-spherical potential for CO2 interaction have the same qualitative behavior, reporting several peaks in the ultramicroporous region. These results contradict the hypothesis that highly disordered microporous carbon materials have a widely distributed PSD without sharp spikes. In this work, we investigate the insensitivity in the characterization of different microporous materials and the origin of the artificial gaps that arise in models with pseudo-spherical potential (NLDFT and GCMC). Furthermore, we study the characterization of these materials using Monte Carlo simulations, which incorporate the multi-site model potential achieving improved PSDs.

De civiles y soldados: comentario sobre the dead march: A history of the american-mexican war, de Peter Guardino, y la nueva historia social de la política; Of civilians and soldiers: Review of “The dead march: A history of the americanmexican war”, by Peter Guardino, and the new social history of politics Cucchi, Laura; Romero, Juan Manuel El ensayo crítico ofrece una presentación general de la estructura y los argumentos de la obra, en una primera sección, y luego, en las tres sucesivas, las diferentes perspectivas sobre las que se organiza: la nueva historia cultural de la guerra, los estudios subalternos y un enfoque comparativo. Por último, ensayamos algunos balances sobre su aporte a cada campo, pero también sobre el impacto que puede tener ese cruce de enfoques e historiografías en los estudios actuales sobre la era de la construcción nacional en Hispanoamérica.; This article is a critical essay on The Dead March… by Peter Guardino. It discusses the main arguments of the book and its connections to the historiographic agenda of Latin American studies. It argues that the book mainly articulates three approaches: first, the new social and cultural history of war; secondly, the social history “from below” or Subaltern Studies; and, finally, the approach of comparative history. Such combination of perspectives provides an attractive example of a social history of politics.

Glomalin contribution to soil organic carbon under different pasture managements in a saline soil environment Banegas, Natalia Romina; Dos Santos, Daniel Andrés; Guerrero Molina, María Fernanda; Albanesi de Garay, Ada Susana; Pedraza, Raúl Osvaldo The glomalin produced by arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi has beneficial effects on soils. We studied the vertical profile of glomalin-related soil protein (GRSP) in pasturelands grown under saline soils and exposed to different management practices. Treatments included haying and grazing of Chloris gayana subject to either N-fertilization or not. We measured mycorrhizal colonization, spores, root biomass, total GRSP, GRSP-carbon (GRSP-C), organic carbon (OC) and total nitrogen (TN). In the meanwhile, we also developed a mathematical procedure to fit continuous power functions to binned soil data. Power decay functions adjusted excellently well the measured data across the 1-meter soil profile. Meaningful increases of root biomass, OC, TN, GRSP and GRSP-C values were associated with grazing and fertilization. Particularly, GRSP-C averaged 1,134 kg C ha−1 at the beginning experiments and increased significantly up to 1,261 kg C ha−1 in grazed and fertilized pastures at the end of the study period. Carbon accounted for between 17% and 50% of GRSP, representing in turn 0.52–1.62% of SOC stock. So, a tropical perennial grass can contribute to the carbon stock in saline soils by promoting production of GRSP. This contribution increases when inputs and cycling of nutrients are enhanced (grazing and N-fertilization).

Glyphosate commercial formulation negatively affects the reproductive success of solitary wild bees in a Pampean agroecosystem Graffigna, Sofia; Marrero, Hugo Javier; Torretta, Juan Pablo Glyphosate is the most widely used herbicide worldwide and it could have negative effects on wild bees. We study the effect of glyphosate commercial formulation on the nesting behavior of wild solitary bees (Megachile spp.) and the survival of immature stages in a Pampean agroecosystem. In four plots without agricultural management located in an agricultural field, we placed 480 wooden trap-nests. The traps were sprayed with two different concentrations of glyphosate commercial formulation and only with water. The number of cells per nest was significantly lower in glyphosate treated traps compared with the water treatment. The probability of finding breeding cells was two times higher in nests without glyphosate commercial formulation compared with treated nests. Larvae completed their development and emerged as adults approximately four times more in nests without glyphosate commercial formulation, relative to those with glyphosate. Our results indicate that glyphosate commercial formulation could be conditioning the behavior of the nesting females and it is affecting their reproduction.

Self-assembled mesoporous zeolitic imidazolate framework-8 (ZIF-8) nanocrystals bearing thiol groups for separations technologies Segovia, Gustavo Manuel; Tuninetti, Jimena Soledad; Azzaroni, Omar; Rafti, Matias Colloidal suspensions of Zn-based ZIF-8 metal-organic framework (MOF) particles were synthesized (both micrometer μ-ZIF-8- and nanometer n-ZIF-8-sized, respectively). Postsynthetic modification was carried using 2-amino-ethanethiol (cysteamine or Cys), a thiol-bearing monodentate ligand, and particles obtained were employed for the assembly of films on gold-coated electrode surfaces. The results obtained show that, aside from conferring chemical affinity toward Au, when suitable molar ratios are employed, cysteamine modification causes partial coordinative chemical etching of inherently microporous ZIF-8 units, thus giving rise to additional mesoporosity. Cysteamine concentration and exposure time were found to act as control parameters ultimately determining the transport properties of porous films obtained, which can then feature, e.g., size-exclusion effects. The colloidal modification strategies like the one hereby described can be employed for the preparation of robust nano-organized MOF thin films with hierarchical porosity, which bear great potential for its application in separation technologies.

End-point estimates, extrapolation for multilinear Muckenhoupt classes, and applications Li, Kangwei; Martell, José María; Martikainen, Henri; Ombrosi, Sheldy Javier; Vuorinen, Emil In this paper we present the results announced in the recent work by the first, second, and fourth authors of the current paper concerning Rubio de Francia extrapolation for the so-called multilinear Muckenhoupt classes. Here we consider the situations where some of the exponents of the Lebesgue spaces appearing in the hypotheses and/or in the conclusion can be possibly infinity. The scheme we follow is similar, but, in doing so, we need to develop a one-variable end-point off-diagonal extrapolation result. This complements the corresponding ``finite'' case obtained by Duoandikoetxea, which was one of the main tools in the aforementioned paper. The second goal of this paper is to present some applications. For example, we obtain the full range of mixed-norm estimates for tensor products of bilinear Calderón-Zygmund operators with a proof based on extrapolation and on some estimates with weights in some mixed-norm classes. The same occurs with the multilinear Calderón-Zygmund operators, the bilinear Hilbert transform, and the corresponding commutators with BMO functions. Extrapolation along with the already established weighted norm inequalities easily give scalar and vector-valued inequalities with multilinear weights and these include the end-point cases.

Skeleton in the closet: hidden diversity in patterns of cranial and postcranial ontogeny in Neotropical direct-developing frogs (Anura: Brachycephaloidea) Vera Candioti, María Florencia; Goldberg, Francisco Javier; Akmentins, Mauricio Sebastián; Nogueira Costa, Paulo; Goulart Taucce, Pedro Paulo; Perez Pombal Junior, José Direct development implies transformations with respect to the anuran biphasic life cycle, including changes in embryonic anatomy. In the clade Brachycephaloidea, skeletal ontogeny is known in Eleutherodactylus coqui of the basal family Eleutherodactylidae. In this work, we study it in four species representing the two other families in the group. We worked with developmental series of Oreobates barituensis, Haddadus binotatus, Ischnocnema henselii, and Brachycephalus ephippium. Specimens were prepared following protocols of clearing and staining and histology. In the cranium, results show an overall shared pattern that, as summarized for E. coqui, combines a partial recapitulation of aspects of the ancestral biphasic ontogeny with a profound remodeling that includes lost/novel structures and heterochronic shifts of developmental events. Among these transformations are the absence of suprarostrals and trabecular horns and the precocious ossification of jaw and suspensorium. In addition, each lineage shows particular features such that skull ontogeny varies interspecifically. In turn, the morphogenesis of the axial and appendicular skeleton is highly conserved, with main variations including the extent of ossification at hatching. Along with some external features such as the egg tooth and the enveloping tail with transversely arranged fins, an ossification sequence with extremely accelerated ossification of jaws and suspensorium could be distinctive of Brachycephaloidea.

Debates y reflexiones en torno a las políticas públicas locales de acceso al consumo: El caso de la Feria Franca de Villa María; Debates e reflexões sobre políticas públicas locais de acesso ao consumo: O caso da Feira Franca de Villa María; Debates and reflections on local public policies for access to consumption: The case of the Franca Fair of Villa María Gasparrini, Guido Raul; Suarez Fossaceca, Gabriel Alejandro La situación económica actual de la Argentina en este año 2020 es la síntesis de procesos que dependen de lógicas globales como así también dinámicas generadas por políticas de gobierno de encuadre nacional en el período 2015-2019. En este marco, estamos en presencia de un abanico de problemáticas que se expresan en desigualdades y asimetrías en el plano social, como así también en lo que respecta a lo económico. En este panorama, algunos gobiernos locales generaron respuestas adaptativas al contexto en que se encuentran, llevando a cabo distintas políticas orientadas a accionar sobre los mercados en beneficio de los consumidores y productores locales. Se trata de políticas públicas orientadas al consumo, que buscan interferir en las cadenas de valor, mejorando las condiciones de acceso a los productos, así como también la producción de los mismos. El propósito de este trabajo es introducir una serie de discusiones y efectuar reflexiones en torno a las políticas públicas a nivel local centradas en el consumo, tomando un caso concreto de análisis, la “Feria Franca de Villa María”. Se propone poner en común una serie de ejes de debate en torno a las políticas de consumo, que a nuestro entender adquieren relevancia a la hora de gestionar dichas políticas.; A situação econômica atual da Argentina neste ano de 2020 é a síntese de processos que dependem tanto da lógica global quanto da dinâmica gerada pelas políticas governamentais de âmbito nacional no período 2015-2019. Dentro dessa estrutura, estamos diante de uma série de problemas expressos em desigualdades e assimetrias na esfera social, bem como em questões econômicas. Nesse cenário, alguns governos locais geram respostas adaptativas ao contexto em que se encontram, realizando diferentes políticas que visam operar nos mercados em benefício dos consumidores e produtores locais. São políticas públicas voltadas para o consumidor que buscam interferir nas cadeias de valor, melhorando as condições de acesso aos produtos e sua produção. O objetivo deste trabalho é apresentar uma série de discussões e refletir sobre políticas públicas em nível local voltadas para o consumo, tomando um caso específico de análise, a "Feira Franca de Villa María". Propõe-se compartilhar uma série de eixos de debate sobre políticas de consumo, os quais, em nossa opinião, adquirem relevância ao gerenciar essas políticas.; The current economic situation of Argentina in this year 2020 is the synthesis of processes that depend on global logic as well as dynamics generated by government policies of a national framework in the 2015-2019 period. Within this framework, we are in the presence of a range of problems that are expressed in inequalities and asymmetries in the social sphere, as well as in economic matters. In this scenary, some local governments generate adaptive responses to the context in which they find themselves, carrying out different policies aimed at operating on the markets for the benefit of local consumers and producers. These are consumer-oriented public policies that seek to interfere with value chains, improving the conditions of access to products, as well as their production. The purpose of this work is to introduce a series of discussions and make reflections on public policies at the local level focused on consumption, taking a specific case of analysis, the "Feria Franca of Villa Maria”. It is proposed to share a series of axes of debate regarding consumer policies, which in our opinion acquire relevance when managing these policies.

Three new Luticola species from the Andean-Amazonian transition in Colombia: taxonomy, morphology and preliminary considerations of the biogeography of the genus Simonato, Julián; Kociolek, John P.; Sala, Silvia Estela; Plata Díaz, Yasmin; Núñez Avellaneda, Marcela Three new species of Luticola are described from lotic ecosystems in Andakí Municipal Natural Park, located in the Andean-Amazon region on the eastern flank of the eastern Andes mountain range in Colombia. Size and morphological features of the three new species, L. caquetensis Kociolek, Simonato & Núñez-Avellaneda sp. nov., L. andakiesiorum Simonato, Kociolek & Plata Díaz sp. nov., and L. sinchii Sala, Kociolek & Simonato sp. nov. are provided, based on light and scanning electron microscopical observations, and compared with similar congeners. Species of the genus are organized into groups depending upon whether they possess or lack marginal channels and/or pseudosepta. All the new species possess pseudosepta and L. caquetensis and L. andakiesiorum lack marginal channels. The two latter species share this combination of features with Luticola affinis Levkov et al., a species described from Brazil. These species thus form a unique group within the genus, offering additional evidence for the unique biodiversity found in this region.

Las formas históricas de la protección social: El pasaje de la hospitalidad a la asistencia social Krmpotic, Claudia Sandra Se exponen algunos rasgos básicos del proceso de conformación de una matriz socio-asistencial argentina que se estructura en la transición postcolonial y los albores del Estado liberal clásico, y se caracteriza por una protección social «sin Estado», identificando de este modo la emergencia de una razón de estado que se materializa como intervención indirecta. Se analiza el pasaje de la hospitalidad, hacia la institucionalización del modelo de beneficencia pública, hasta la novedad dada por la asistencia social, y sus proyecciones en el tiempo. Se privilegia una mirada de larga duración y descentralizada respecto del poder de Buenos Aires, a través de un estudio genealógico que atraviesa un sinnúmero de traducciones culturales, en torno de hechos históricos concebidos en su interpretación epistemológica y metodológica, es decir, como una construcción científica.; Some basic features of the process of forming a social assistance matrix in Argentina that is structured in the postcolonial transition and the early classical liberal state are exposed, and is characterized by social protection «stateless», thereby identifying the emergence of a reason of state that is embodied as indirect intervention. The passage of hospitality model towards the institutionalization of public charity is analyzed, until the novelty given by social assistance and its prospects in time. A glance of long-term and decentralized power respect of Buenos Aires is privileged, through a genealogical study that crosses countless cultural translations, around historical facts conceived in its epistemological and methodological interpretation, i.e. as a scientific construction.

Immunostimulation by Lactobacillus kefiri S-layer proteins with distinct glycosylation patterns requires different lectin partners Malamud, Mariano; Cavallero, Gustavo Javier; Casabuono, Adriana Cristina; Lepenies, Bernd; Serradell, María de los Ángeles; Couto, Alicia Susana S-layer (glyco)-proteins (SLPs) form a nanostructured envelope that covers the surface of different prokaryotes and show immunomodulatory activity. Previously, we have demonstrated that the S-layer glycoprotein from probiotic Lactobacillus kefiri CIDCA 8348 (SLP-8348) is recognized by Mincle (macrophage inducible C-type lectin receptor) and its adjuvanticity depends on the integrity of its glycans. However, the glycan´s structure has not been described so far. Herein, we analyze the glycosylation pattern of three SLPs, SLP-8348, SLP-8321, and SLP-5818, and explore how these patterns impacts their recognition by Ctype lectin receptors (CLRs) and the immunomodulatory effect of the L. kefiri SLPs on antigen-presenting cells. HPAEC-PAD performed after β-elimination showed glucose as the major component in the O-glycans of the three SLPs, however, some differences in the length of hexose chains were observed. No N-glycosylation signals were detected in SLP-8348 and SLP-8321, but SLP5818 was observed to have two sites carrying complex N-glycans based on a site-specific analysis and a glycomic workflow of the permethylated glycans. SLP-8348 was previously shown to enhance LPS-induced activation on both RAW264.7 macrophages and murine BMDCs; we now show SLP-8321 and SLP-5818 have a similar effect regardless of the differences in their glycosylation patterns. Studies performed with BMDCs from CLR-deficient mice revealed that the immunostimulatory activity of SLP-8321 depends on its recognition by Mincle, whereas SLP-5818’s effects are dependent on SignR3 (murine ortholog of human DC-SIGN). These findings encourage further investigation of both the potential application of these SLPs as new adjuvants and the protein glycosylation mechanisms in these bacteria.

The Fuegian thrust-fold belt: From arc-continent collision to thrust-related deformation in the southernmost Andes Torres Carbonell, Pablo Juan; Cao, Sebastián José; Gonzalez Guillot, Mauricio Alberto; Mosqueira González, María Victoria; Dimieri, Luis Vicente; Duval, Florian; Scaillet, Stéphane New detailed structural data from the Fuegian Andes including new ages and cross-cutting relationships with intrusive rocks, as well as an appraisal of published structural data, support that this orogen evolved as a basement-involved thrust-fold belt after initial formation in an arc-continent collision scenario. New structural data from a deformed 84 Ma intrusive indicate that structures from the collisional event in the Argentine Fuegian Andes are of Campanian age, comprising only the youngest and less intense deformation of the orogenic wedge. In the internal thrust-fold belt, these structures are cut by intrusives with new ages of 74 Ma (Ar/Ar on hornblende). The superposition of thrusts on these early structures indicates a subsequent event in which a thrust-fold belt formed since the Maastrichtian-Danian. Additional new data confirm brittle-ductile thrusting in the central belt, with thrusts joining a common upper detachment in the base of the Lower Cretaceous rocks. These thrusts formed a first-order duplex system that transferred the shortening accommodated in the foreland until the Miocene.

La construcción de masculinidades en los internados del Colegio Nacional de La Plata (1910-1920); The construction of masculinities in the boarding schools of the National School of La Plata (Argentina, 1910-1920); A construção das masculinidades nos internatos do Colégio Nacional de La Plata (Argentina, 1910-1920) Kopelovich, Pablo Analizamos la construcción de masculinidades en los internados del Colegio Nacional de la Universidad Nacional de La Plata (Buenos Aires, Argentina) entre los años 1910, momento de su materialización y 1920, fecha de su disolución. Nos interesa indagar en las construcciones discursivas de los directivos de la Universidad Nacional de La Plata y de los encargados de los internados, que indican formas correctas e incorrectas de ser o transformarse en hombre, en una experiencia pedagógica novedosa para la época. Desde una metodología cualitativa, se propone el estudio de un caso, que resulta interesante en sí mismo. Encontramos que, en un espacio homosocial, se fomenta la formación de la responsabilidad y del carácter, en el afán de producir hombres fuertes y sanos. De este modo, se hace hincapié en una educación moral, ligada a la educación de las emociones y las sensibilidades, transmitiendo valores de clase como el honor y la caballerosidad.; We analyze the construction of masculinities in the boarding schools of the Colegio Nacional of Universidad Nacional de La Plata (Buenos Aires, Argentine) between 1910, the moment of its materialization, and 1920, the date of its dissolution. We are interested in investigating the discursive constructions of the directors of the National University of La Plata and those in charge of the boarding schools, which indicate correct and incorrect ways of being or becoming a man, in a new pedagogical experience for the time. From a qualitative methodology, the study of a case is proposed, which is interesting in itself. We find that, in a homosocial space, the formation of responsibility and character is fostered, in an effort to produce strong and healthy men. In this way, emphasis is placed on a moral education, linked to the education of emotions and sensibilities, transmitting class values such as honor and chivalry.; Analisamos a construção das masculinidades nos internatos do Colégio Nacional da Universidade Nacional de La Plata (Buenos Aires, Argentina) entre os anos 1910, momento de sua materialização, e 1920, data de sua dissolução. Interessa-nos investigar as construções discursivas dos diretores da Universidade Nacional de La Plata e dos responsáveis dos internatos, que indicam modos corretos e incorretos de ser ou de tornar-se homem, em uma nova experiência pedagógica para a época. A partir de uma metodologia qualitativa, propõe-se o estudo de um caso, o que por si só é interessante. Verificamos que, em um espaço homossocial, fomenta-se a formação de responsabilidade e caráter, no esforço de formar homens fortes e saudáveis. Desta forma, a ênfase é colocada na educação moral, ligada à educação das emoções e sensibilidades, transmitindo valores de classe como a honra e o cavalheirismo.

16S rRNA gene diversity in ancient gray and pink salt from san simón salt mines in Tarija, Bolivia Pecher, Wolf T.; Martínez, Fabiana Lilian; DasSarma, Priya; Guzmán, Daniel; DasSarma, Shiladitya DNA from 250 million-year-old pink and gray salts from mines in Tarija, Bolivia, subjected to 16S rRNA gene amplicon sequencing and analysis provided evidence for similar but distinct prokaryotic communities. The results constitute a snapshot of archaeal and bacterial microorganisms in these remote and ancient salt deposits.

Exposure of raptors in central Argentina to St. Louis encephalitis and West Nile viruses Mansilla, Ana Paula; Solaro, Claudina; Orozco Valor, Paula Maiten; Grande, Juan Manuel; Sarasola, José Hernán; Diaz, Luis Adrian Arthropod-borne viruses are the most important emerging viruses worldwide. Saint Louis encephalitis (SLEV) and West Nile (WNV) viruses are vectored by Culex mosquitoes and amplified by several bird species. We carried out an extensive retrospective serosurvey study to analyze the exposure of free ranging birds of prey to SLEV and WNV in central Argentina. A total of 523 plasma samples were analyzed by Plaque Reduction Neutralization Test (PRNT) for both viruses. Samples belonging to eight raptor species were collected from 2008 to 2015. Of the individuals tested for WNV, 81.5% of the Swainson´s Hawks (Buteo swainsoni) were positive. In the other hand, 20.8% of the Black Vultures (Coragyps atratus), 25% of the Southern Caracaras (Caracara plancus) and only 0.3% of the American Kestrels (Falco sparverius) had detectable neutralizing antibodies against SLEV. Only one Swainson´s Hawk was positive for both viruses (3.7%). No neutralizing antibodies were found in samples from Turkey Vulture (Cathartes aura), Chimango Caracara (Milvago chimango), Burrowing Owl (Athene cunicularia) and Ferruginous Pygmy-Owl (Glaucidium brasilianum). Our results confirm SLEV and WNV circulation in resident and migratory populations of raptors in central Argentina, despite the fact that seroprevalence was variable among species. These findings suggest the need of further studies regarding circulation and ecological characterization of these viruses in bird communities in Argentina.

Genetic variation in root development responses to salt stresses of quinoa Nguyen, Loc Van; Bertero, Hector Daniel; Nguyen, Long Viet Soil salinity has become a serious environmental abiotic stress limiting crop productivity and quality. The root system is the first organ sensing the changes in salinity. Root development under elevated salinity is therefore an important indicator for saline tolerance in plants. Previous studies focused on varietal differences in morphological traits of quinoa under saline stresses; however, variation in root development responses to salinity remains largely unknown. To understand the genetic variation in root development responses to salt stress of quinoa, we conducted a preliminary screening for salinity response at two salinity levels of a diverse set of 52 quinoa genotypes and microsatellite markers were used to link molecular variation to that in root development responses to salt stresses of represented genotypes. The frequency distribution of saline tolerance index showed continuous variation in the quinoa collection. Cluster analysis of salinity responses divided the 52 quinoa genotypes into six major groups. Based on these results, six genotypes representative of groups I to VI including Black quinoa, 2-Want, Atlas, Riobamba, NL-6 and Sayaña, respectively, were selected to evaluate root development under four saline stress levels: 0, 100, 200 and 300 mM NaCl. Contrasts in root development responses to saline stress levels were observed in the six genotypes. At 100 mM NaCl, significant differences were not observed in root length development (RLD) and root surface development (RSAD) of most genotypes except Black quinoa; a significant reduction was observed in this genotype as compared to controls. At 200 mM NaCl, significant reduction was detected in RLD and RSAD in all genotypes showing this as the best concentration to discriminate among genotypes. The strongest inhibition of root development was found for all genotypes at 300 mM NaCl as compared to lower saline levels. Among genotypes, Atlas of group III shows as a saline-tolerant genotype confirming previous reports. Variation in root responses to salinity stresses is also discussed in relation to climate conditions of origins of the genotypes and reveal interesting guidelines for further studies exploring the mechanisms behind this aspect of saline adaptation.

A search for the Zγ decay mode of the Higgs boson in pp collisions at s=13 TeV with the ATLAS detector Alonso, Francisco; Aad, G.; Abbott, B.; Abbott, D. C.; Abed Abud, A.; Abeling, K.; Abhayasinghe, D. K.; Abidi, S. H.; AbouZeid, O.S.; Abraham, N. L.; Abramowicz, H.; Abreu, H.; Abulaiti, Y.; Acharya, B. S.; Achkar, B.; Adam, L.; Adam Bourdarios, C.; Adamczyk, L.; Adamek, L.; Adelman, J.; Adersberger, M.; Adiguzel, A.; Adorni, S.; Adye, T.; Affolder, A. A.; Afik, Y.; Agapopoulou, C.; Agaras, M. N.; Aggarwal, A.; Agheorghiesei, C. A search for the Zγ decay of the Higgs boson, with Z boson decays into pairs of electrons or muons is presented. The analysis uses proton?proton collision data at s = 13 TeV corresponding to an integrated luminosity of 139 fb−1 recorded by the ATLAS detector at the Large Hadron Collider. The observed data are consistent with the expected background with a p-value of 1.3%. An upper limit at 95% confidence level on the production cross-section times the branching ratio for pp→H→Zγ is set at 3.6 times the Standard Model prediction while 2.6 times is expected in the presence of the Standard Model Higgs boson. The best-fit value for the signal yield normalised to the Standard Model prediction is 2.0−0.9+1.0 where the statistical component of the uncertainty is dominant.