Ciencia y Tecnología

Prevención de endoftalmitis posquirúrgica en Argentina: encuesta nacional del Consejo Argentino de Oftalmología 2014

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Prevención de endoftalmitis posquirúrgica en Argentina: encuesta nacional del Consejo Argentino de Oftalmología 2014; Prevention of postoperative endophthalmitis in Argentina: a national survey conducted by the Argentinian Board of Ophthalmology in 2014; Prevenção de endoftalmite pós-cirúrgica na Argentina: pesquisa nacional do Conselho Argentino de Oftalmología 2014 Crim, Nicolás; Esposito, Evangelina; Martinez, Dana; Gonzalez Castellanos, Maria Eugenia; Correa, Leandro; Brunzini, Ricardo; Grzybowski, Andrzej; Serra, Horacio Marcelo; Urrets Zavalía, Julio Alberto Objetivo: El objetivo de este trabajo fue determinar las preferencias de los cirujanos argentinos en el manejo perioperatorio de la cirugía de cataratas para la prevención de endoftalmitis posquirúrgica. Métodos: El Consejo Argentino de Oftalmología realizó por internet una encuesta a sus miembros sobre los factores de riesgo para endoftalmitis en octubre 2014. Los datos fueron analizados estadísticamente, considerando una diferencia estadísticamente significativa a un valor p < 0,05. Resultados: Se recibieron respuestas del 5,7% de los oftalmólogos encuestados. El 63% de las respuestas provino de cirujanos de sexo masculino de entre 30 y 50 años de edad. De ellos, el 78% realiza de 1 a 30 cirugías por mes. La medida preventiva más utilizada es iodopovidona (99%), secundada por el Steri-Drape (94%). El 99% utiliza antibiótico profilaxis tópica, mientras que 63% prefiere su uso sistémico y 27%, su uso intracamerular. El 73% de los encuestados utiliza incisión corneal; 61%, con incisión de 2,8 mm; y de 2,2 mm el 14% de los casos. La sutura de la herida corneal la realiza la minoría de los encuestados. Conclusiones: La participación de los médicos oftalmólogos en la encuesta fue relativamente baja. Los datos obtenidos son comparables a países europeos. Operar más de 30 cataratas por mes, el uso de antibióticos intracamerulares, la utilización de dosis única antibiótico sistémico, el uso de incisión de 2.8 mm, implantar la LIO con inyector, y no utilizar punto en el cierre de la herida, podrían ser factores de riesgo que predisponen a desarrollar endoftalmitis.; Objective: The purpose of this paper was to determine Argentinian surgeons’ preferences for perioperative management of cataract surgery to prevent postoperative endophthalmitis. Methods: In October 2014, the Argentinian Board of Ophthalmology conducted an online survey to be completed over the internet by its members on endophthalmitis risk factors. Data were statistically analyzed, and the difference was considered statistically significant when p < 0.05. Results: Answers to the survey were received from 5.7% of surveyed ophthalmologists, of which 63% were male surgeons from 30 to 50 years of age. The survey revealed that 78% of these surgeons perform from 1 to 30 procedures a month. The most widely used preventive measure is iodopovidone (99%) administration, and the second most used involves Steri-Drape (94%). Ninety-nine percent use prophylactic topical antibiotic treatment, while 63% prefer its systemic use and, 27%, intracamerular injections. Seventy-three percent of surgeons surveyed use corneal incisions; 61% make 2.8-mm incisions; and 14%, 2.2-mm incisions. A minority of them suture the corneal wound. Conclusions: A relatively low number of ophthalmologists answered the survey. Data thus obtained are comparable to those reported in European countries. The fact of operating on 30 cataract cases per month, use of intracamerular antibiotics, use of a single dose of systemic antibiotics, performing a 2.8-mm incision, use of an injector for IOL implantation, and failing to use sutures for wound closure, might be risk factors predisposing to the development of endophthalmitis.; Objetivo: O objetivo deste trabalho foi determinar as preferências dos cirurgiãos argentinos no uso perioperatório da cirurgia de cataratas para a prevenção de endoftalmite pós-cirúrgica. Métodos: No ano 2014, o Conselho Argentino de Oftalmologia realisou uma pesquisa online entre seus membros sobre os fatores de risco para endoftalmite. Os dados foram analisados estatisticamente, considerando uma diferença estatísticamente significativa a um valor p < 0,05. Resultados: Foram recebidas respostas de 5,7% dos oftalmologistas inquiridos. 63% dessas respostas foram de cirurgiãos de sexo masculino, entre 30 y 50 anos de idade. Deles, 78% realisa de 1 a 30 cirurgias por mês. A medida preventiva mais utilizada é iodopovidona (99%), apoiada pelo Steri-Drape (94%). 99% utiliza antibiótico profilaxia tópica, entanto que 63% prefere seu uso sistêmico e 27%, seu uso intracamerular. 73% dos inquiridos utiliza incisão corneana; 61%, com incisão de 2,8 mm; e de 2,2 mm, 14% dos casos. A sutura da ferida corneal é realizada pela minoria dos inquiridos. Conclusões: a participação dos médicos oftalmologista na pesquisa foi relativamente baixa. Os dados obtidos são comparáveis com países europeus. Operar mais de 30 cataratas por mês, o uso de antibióticos intracamerulares, a utilização de dose única de antibiótico sistêmico, o uso de incisão de 2.8 mm, implantar a LIO com injetor e não utilizar ponto no fechamento da ferida, poderiam ser fatores de risco que predispõem ao desenvolvimento de endoftalmite.

Systemic effects of Subtilase cytotoxin produced by Escherichia coli O113:H21

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Systemic effects of Subtilase cytotoxin produced by Escherichia coli O113:H21 Seyahian, Erika Abril; Oltra, Gisela; Ochoa, Federico Claudio; Melendi, Santiago Ezequiel; Hermes, Ricardo; Paton, James; Paton, Adrienne; Lago, Néstor R.; Castro-Parodi, Mauricio Omar; Damiano, Alicia Ermelinda; Ibarra, Cristina Adriana; Zotta, Elsa Subtilase cytotoxin (SubAB) is a member of the AB5 cytotoxin family and is produced by certain strains of Shiga toxigenic Escherichia coli. The toxin is known to be lethal to mice, but the pathological mechanisms that contribute to Uremic Hemolytic Syndrome (HUS) are poorly understood. In this study we show that intraperitoneal injection of a sublethal dose of SubAB in rats triggers a systemic response, with ascitic fluid accumulation, heart hypertrophy and damage to the liver, colon and kidney. SubAB treated rats presented microalbuminuria 20 days post inoculation. At this time we found disruption of the glomerular filtration barrier and alteration of the protein reabsorption mechanisms of the proximal tubule. In the kidney, SubAB also triggered an epithelial to mesenchymal transition (Wuyts et al., 1996). These findings indicate that apart from direct cytotoxic effects on renal tissues, SubAB causes significant damage to the other organs, with potential consequences for HUS pathogenesis. Importance Uremic Hemolytic Syndrome is an endemic disease in Argentina, with over 400 hundred new cases each year. We have previously described renal effects of Shiga Toxin and its ability to alter renal protein handling. Bearing in mind that Subtilase Cytotoxin is an emerging pathogenic factor, that it is not routinely searched for in patients with HUS, and that to the date its systemic effects have not been fully clarified we decided to study both its systemic effects, and its renal effects to assess whether SubAB could be contributing to pathology seen in children.

Marxismo, Cultura y Antropología: los aportes de Gramsci, Thompson y Williams

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Marxismo, Cultura y Antropología: los aportes de Gramsci, Thompson y Williams; Marxism, culture and anthropology: Gramsci, Thompson and Williams’s contributions Liaudat, María Dolores En las últimas décadas, con el desarrollo de la hegemoní­a neoliberal, el marxismo ha ido perdiendo terreno en los ámbitos académicos. Una de las formas en que los ideólogos de los sectores dominantes han defenestrado al marxismo ha sido reproduciendo una visión vulgarizada del mismo que lo reduce a una teorí­a de la determinación económica. En este trabajo nos proponemos recuperar el pensamiento de tres referentes del marxismo (Gramsci, Thompson y Williams) que han abonado a una perspectiva crí­tica dentro del mismo haciendo énfasis en los estudios culturales. A su vez indagamos en la relación de sus pensamientos con la disciplina que tiene como objeto de estudio la cultura: la antropologí­a. A través de la revisión bibliográfica desarrollamos dos planos de análisis. Por un lado, los núcleos de debate de estos autores con el economicismo marxista, los puntos en común y las diferencias entre ellos, y sus principales aportes conceptuales en la construcción de un marxismo crí­tico. Por otro lado, desarrollamos la influencia de Gramsci en la antropologí­a, qué lecturas se han hecho de este autor en la misma, el papel que jugó el marxismo británico en esas lecturas y los aportes especí­ficos que puede realizar la antropologí­a en la construcción de un marxismo no economicista.; In recent decades, with the neoliberal hegemony development, Marxism has been losing importance in academic circles. One of the way that dominant sectors ideologues have ousted Marxism was by playing a vulgarized same vision of reducing him to an economic´s theory determination. In this paper we propose to recover the three referents of Marxism (Gramsci, Thompson and Williams) thoughts who have subscribed to a critical perspective within the same emphasis on cultural studies. Besides we inquire into the relationship between their thoughts and the discipline that aims to study culture: anthropology. Through the literature review we developed two analysis levels. On one side, the discussions points of these authors with Marxist economism, the commonalities and differences between them and their main conceptual contributions in the construction of a critical Marxism. On the other side, we develop the influence of Gramsci in anthropology, which interpretations have been made by this author?, the role played by the British Marxism in these interpretations and the specific contributions that anthropology could make to build Marxism not economicist.

Multiphase Characterization of Cu-In-Sn Alloys with 17 at.% Cu and Comparison with Calculated Phase Equilibria

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Multiphase Characterization of Cu-In-Sn Alloys with 17 at.% Cu and Comparison with Calculated Phase Equilibria Tumminello, Silvana Deisy Paulina; del Negro, Nicolás Ezequiel; Carrascal, Camila Nerea; Fries, S. G.; Alonso, Paula Regina; Sommadossi, Silvana Andrea Cu-In-Sn alloys are among the suggested materials to replace Pb-Sn alloys traditionally used in joining processes by the electronic industry. Thorough thermodynamic understanding is required for the selection/design of adequate and efficient alloys for specific applications. Understanding the effects that high cost elements such as In have on microstructure and phase stability is imperative for industrial use. In this work ternary alloys were prepared by melting high purity elements (5N) for selected compositions of the 17 at.% Cu isopleth, and cooling down to reproduce process conditions. Chemical composition was determined using scanning electron microscopy equipped with electron probe microanalysis. Measurements of transition temperatures were done by heat-flux differential scanning calorimetry. We present a comprehensive comparison between our experimental results and phase diagram calculations using Liu et al. (J Electron Mater 30:1093, 2001) thermodynamic description based in the CALPHAD method, available in the literature.

Botruanthus mexicanus (Cnidaria: Ceriantharia), a new species of tube-dwelling anemone from the Gulf of Mexico

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Botruanthus mexicanus (Cnidaria: Ceriantharia), a new species of tube-dwelling anemone from the Gulf of Mexico Stampar, Sergio; González Muñoz, Ricardo Enrique; Morandini, André C. A second tube-dwelling anemone species of the genus Botruanthus (Cnidaria: Ceriantharia), B. mexicanus sp. nov., was observed in the Veracruz Reef System (1 m depth), Veracruz, Gulf of Mexico, and is described herein. To date, the recorded range of Botruanthus has been restricted to the Pacific Ocean. This new species is the first of this genus reported from the Atlantic Ocean. The number of tentacles,the number of mesenteries attached to the siphonoglyph, and the size of P2 mesentery permit a decisive distinction from Botruanthus benedeni. Some comments are provided, nonetheless, on the difference between Botrucnidifer andBotruanthus, the only two genera of the family Botrucnidiferidae.

A colorimetric iron sensor based on the partition of phenanthroline complexes into polymeric hydrogels: Combinatorial synthesis and high throughput screening of the hydrogel matrix

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A colorimetric iron sensor based on the partition of phenanthroline complexes into polymeric hydrogels: Combinatorial synthesis and high throughput screening of the hydrogel matrix Martínez, María Victoria; Rivarola, Claudia Rosana; Miras, María Cristina; Barbero, César Alberto A combinatorial library of hydrogels is produced by radical polymerization and tested for retention of iron (II) complexes, using a simple colorimetric high throughput screening (HTS). Six acrylamide monomers are used to produce a library of 21 cross-linked hydrogel matrixes. The swelling of all hydrogels is determined and related with the structure of each monomer unit present. The HTS shows that some materials are able to retain the tris(phenanthroline)iron(II) (Fe(Phen)32+) complex. The partition coefficient of Fe(H2O)62+ and Fe(Phen)32+ in all hydrogels is determined by UV–vis spectrophotometry and related with the presence of anionic (e.g. −SO3−), hydrophobic (e.g. isopropyl) and hydrophilic (e.g. −NH2 of acrylamide) groups. Hydrogels with sulfonic (−SO3−) groups show large values of partition coefficients of Fe2+ into the hydrogel (>500). Based on the data and HTS, poly(acrylamide-co-50%(2-acrylamido-2-methylpropansulfonic acid)) (PAAm-co-50%AMPS) is selected to build a colorimetric sensor. Since the phenanthroline could be released from the hydrogel, bathophenanthroline (BPhen) which is not released is used as ligand. The hydrogel is loaded with BPhen and exposed to Fe2+ in water. The visual detection of color gives a detection limit of 0.1 ppm. Little interference of different common ions is found. A special set-up is made which allows spectrophotometric measurement of the complex inside the gel. The detection limit is found to be of ca. 0.01 ppm by spectrophotometry. Using the sensor, the iron content in milk is measured directly demonstrating the use of the sensor to measure free iron in opaque liquids where solution spectrophotometry is not effective without complex sample pretreatments. The non-covalent retention of ligands and complexes inside polymeric hydrogels seems to be a suitable method for building specific ion sensors.

Cuando los derechos humanos se constituyen en política de Estado: reconfiguración identitaria y nuevos escenarios de lucha

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Cuando los derechos humanos se constituyen en política de Estado: reconfiguración identitaria y nuevos escenarios de lucha; When human rights become public policy: reconfiguration of identities and new scenarios for struggle Barros, Mercedes María; Morales, María Virginia En este artículo analizamos la etapa de lucha y movilizaciónpor los derechos humanos que tuvo lugar durante la última década (2003-2015), poniendo especial énfasis en las reconfiguraciones que se produjeron en la dimensión identitaria de los organismos y en sus relaciones con el Estado, la ciudadanía y diferentes fuerzas sociales y políticas. Asimismo, nos proponemos brindar un primer abordaje de los efectos del fin del ciclo de los gobiernos Kirchneristas y de la nueva etapa de enfrentamiento con el Estado que ha comenzado a gestarse desde el mes de diciembre de 2015.; In this article we analyze the struggle and mobilization for Human Rights in Argentina during the last decade (2003-2015), with particular emphasis on the reconfigurations around the identity dimension of the organizations and regarding the relationships of these organizations with the State, with the rest of the citizenry and with different social and political forces. We also propose to provide a first approach to the effects of the end of the Kirchnerist governments cycle and the new stage of confrontation with the State which has begun to take shape since December 2015.

Espacios, fronteras y conflictos lingüístico-culturales. Representaciones de la e(in)migración italiana en la Argentina

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Espacios, fronteras y conflictos lingüístico-culturales. Representaciones de la e(in)migración italiana en la Argentina; Spaces, borders and linguistic-cultural conflicts. Representations of Italian en(in)migration in Argentina; Spazi, confini e conflitti linguistico-culturali. Rappresentazioni dell’e (in) migrazione italiana in Argentina Bravo Herrera, Fernanda Elisa Este trabajo se propone estudiar las representaciones de los conflictos lingüísticos y culturales provocados por la inmigración/emigración italiana en la Argentina. Se estudiarán textos, literarios y no, producidos en Argentina e Italia entre el siglo XIX y el XX. Se identificarán las diferentes posiciones ideológicas y las configuraciones sociales registradas en los discursos que determinaron la configuración política del Estado-Nación y del sujeto cultural. La lectura se apoyará en la crítica dialógica de Bajtin, en la Sociocrítica montpelleriana, en los estudios culturales y en la Literatura comparada; This paper aims to study the representations of linguistic and cultural conflicts caused by Italian immigration/emigration in Argentina. We will study texts, literary and not, produced in Argentina and Italy between the nineteenth and twentieth centuries. It will identify the different ideological positions and social configurations recorded in the speeches that determined the political configuration of the Nation-State and the cultural subject. The reading will be based on the Bakhtin’s Dialogic criticism, the Montpellerian Sociocritics, cultural studies and Comparative Literature.; Questo lavoro si propone di studiare le rappresentazioni di conflitti linguistici e culturali causati dalla immigrazione/emigrazione italiana in Argentina. Saranno studiati testi, letterari e non, prodotti in Argentina e in Italia tra i secoli XIX e XX. Si indicheranno le diverse posizioni ideologiche e le configurazioni sociali registrate nei discorsi che hanno determinato la struttura politica dello Stato-Nazione e del soggetto culturale. La lettura sarà supportata dalla critica dialogica di Bachtin, dalla sociocritica montpelleriana, dagli studi culturali e dalla letteratura comparata.

Lazo social y globalización: Las sociedades imaginales y un abordaje metodológico para su estudio

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Lazo social y globalización: Las sociedades imaginales y un abordaje metodológico para su estudio; Social bond and globalization: The imaginal societies and a methodological approach for study Dipaola, Esteban Marcos El objetivo en el artículo es establecer dimensiones metodológicas para analizar las sociedades contemporáneas, vínculos y procesos de subjetivación, en sus relaciones con imágenes. Primeramente, entiendo la noción de imagen en sentido extendido a formas de apropiación social: las modas, consumos y gustos, diseños, tecnologías de comunicación y redes, etc. constituyen propiedades imaginales que intervienen sobre producciones normativas de prácticas sociales. Para concretar ese análisis general deben establecerse criterios acordes al objeto de estudio: se asume como objeto general de las ciencias sociales las relaciones (no el actor o el sistema), asumiendo las lógicas discursivas de lo social. Finalmente, se proponen especificidades metodológicas, entendiendo la interdisciplinariedad y la transdisciplinariedad como fundamentales. El trabajo sobre lo imaginal, es decir, acerca de la indiscernibilidad entre lo social y las imágenes, implica un abordaje de superposiciones de capas, cuestionando esencialismos y binarismos.; The objective in the article is to establish methodological dimensions to analyze contemporary societies, links and processes of subjectivation, in their relations with images. First, I understand the notion of image in an extended sense to forms of social appropriation: fashions, consumption and tastes, designs, communication technologies and networks, are imaginals properties that intervene in normative productions of social practices. To achieve this general analysis, criteria must be established according to the object of study: the relations (not the actor or the system) are assumed as the general object of the social sciences, assuming the discursive logics of the social. Finally, we propose methodological specificities, understanding interdisciplinarity and transdisciplinarity as fundamental. The work on the imaginal, that is, on the indiscernibility between the social and the images, implies an approach of layered overlays, questioning essentialisms and binarisms.

Dinero y vida. Inflexiones contemporáneas en la cultura literaria argentina a partir de Historia del dinero de Alan Pauls y de Los diarios de Emilio Renzi de Ricardo Piglia

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Dinero y vida. Inflexiones contemporáneas en la cultura literaria argentina a partir de Historia del dinero de Alan Pauls y de Los diarios de Emilio Renzi de Ricardo Piglia Laera, Maria Alejandra Este ensayo explora el modoen que el dinero aparece en la narrativa argentina contemporánea de un mododiferente a las ficciones del dinero de la década de 1990, que ofrecían a través de él módicas alegorías queservían, entre otras cosas, como resistencia a las crisis económicas. Sinexplotar su potencia alegórica, en la narrativa actual el dinero se articulacon la vida a través de la noción de tiempo que parece regirlas ofreciendo,así, relatos calendarizados. Con estaperspectiva, se propone un acercamiento a dos relatos diferentes perofuertemente calendarizados como la novela Historiadel dinero de Alan Pauls y Los diarios de Emilio Renzi de Ricardo Piglia.

Control parlamentario en Europa y América Latina

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Control parlamentario en Europa y América Latina Serrafero, Mario Daniel Juan Linz señalaba la ventaja de la flexibilidad que significaba el voto de censura de los sistemas parlamentarios en relación con la rigidez del juicio político en América Latina. No obstante en este trabajo se muestra el cambio significativo que significó el reemplazo de presidente por las vías institucionales de la acción del Congreso a través del impeachment, desde los años 90. En este trabajo, se realiza un repaso sobre el papel que ha tenido la censura en algunos ordenamientos parlamentarios de la segunda posguerra en determinados países europeos tomados frecuentemente como modelos. En relación con América Latina se trata la censura ministerial existente en varios países y que intenta ser otro mecanismo de control sobre el Poder Ejecutivo. Por último se aborda el mecanismo de juicio político o impeachment y los casos concretos que han tenido como consecuencia el desplazamiento de los presidentes latinoamericanos.; Juan Linz showed the advantage that the motion of no confidence - or censure motion - of parliamentary systems meant in relation to the rigidity of the Latin American political impeachment. Nevertheless, in this study we see the significant change brought forth by the replacement of a president through the institutional means of Congress, ‘impeachment’, since the 90’s. This study also chronicles the role that motion of no confidence has had in postwar parliamentary systems in specific European countries which are frequently seen as institutional role models. In relation to Latin America, it deals with ministerial censure motion existing in various countries, an action which tries to be yet another means of control over the Executive branch. Finally, this study analyzes the mechanism of impeachment and the concrete cases which have had presidential displacement as a consequence.

Literatura testimonial en la Argentina: un itinerario histórico (1957-2012)

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Literatura testimonial en la Argentina: un itinerario histórico (1957-2012); Testimonial literature in Argentina: a historical itinerary (1957-2012) García, Victoria Gisele La historia del género testimonial en la Argentina, cuyos orígenes se vinculan a la politización del campo cultural iniciada en la segunda mitad de la década de 1950, plantea una tarea aún pendiente para la crítica literaria. Aunque el interés por el testimonio ha sido creciente en los círculos académicos en los últimos años, la crítica se ha concentrado en la producción testimonial de la postdictadura, de modo tal que las continuidades y rupturas que pueden detectarse al contrastar distintas etapas de la literatura testimonial, permanecen poco exploradas. Orientado en esa línea, el presente trabajo presenta una introducción a la historia del testimonio en la Argentina, a partir del análisis de cuatro textos representativos de etapas diferentes en el desarrollo del género: Operación masacre y la “Carta de un escritor a la Junta Militar” de Rodolfo Walsh (1957 y 1977), Recuerdo de la muerte de Miguel Bonasso (1984) y el Diario de una princesa montonera de Mariana Eva Perez (2012). El análisis permitirá observar inflexiones significativas del género testimonial en distintos momentos de su historia, desde los politizados años 60-70 hasta un presente cuyos ritos de memoria se focalizan en aquellos años. En particular, el recorrido mostrará las diferentes formas que en los textos cobra la tensión entre literatura y política - entre ficción y testimonio, invención y verdad-, que atraviesa al género desde sus orígenes hasta la actualidad.; The history of testimonial literature in Argentina, whose origins are linked to the politicization of the cultural field after the second half of the 1950 decade, poses relevant questions for literary critic. Although critical interest in testimony has increased lately, critics have focused on postdictatorial testimonial production; therefore continuities and ruptures which can be analyzed if different stages of testimonial literature are compared, have been rarely explored. In such sense, this paper provides an introduction to the history of testimonial literature in Argentina, basing on an analysis of four texts which represent different stages of the genre’s development: Operación masacre (1957) and the “Carta de un escritor a la Junta Militar” (1977), by Rodolfo Walsh, Recuerdo de la muerte by Miguel Bonasso (1984) and Diario de una princesa montonera (2012) by Mariana Eva Perez. The analysis shows relevant inflections of testimonial genre in different moments of its history, from the politicized 60-70s to a present in which memorial rituals look backward to such years. More specifically, the study exposes different textual expressions of the tension between literature and politics –between fiction and testimony, invention and truth-, which shapes the genre from its origins to its present.

Emoción y nuevas espiritualidades. Por una perspectiva relacional y situada de los afectos

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Emoción y nuevas espiritualidades. Por una perspectiva relacional y situada de los afectos; Emotion and the New Spiritualities. Towards a Relational and Situated View of Affects; Emoção e novas espiritualidades. Por uma perspectiva relacional e situada dos afetos Viotti, Nicolas Las religiosidades con un fuerte componente "emocional" tuvieron gran visibilidad en la sociedad argentina durante las últimas décadas. Este trabajo analiza el llanto en grupos vinculados a la espiritualidad al estilo de la Nueva Era y el catolicismo revivalista y/o renovado, en el contexto más amplio de las llamadas "nuevas espiritualidades". Asimismo, pretende reflexionar sobre las afinidades entre sacralidad y emocionalidad como objetos de análisis complejos de las ciencias sociales, y sobre lo que el enfoque relacional de una corriente de la religiosidad contemporánea tiene para decir sobre el campo más amplio del estudio de los afectos en el análisis de la religiosidad. Sobre todo, cuando los análisis más difundidos oscilan entre diagnósticos sociologistas, o bien subjetivistas, es decir que entienden el "emocionalismo" como crisis contemporánea de lo "social", o la emoción como locus de la "experiencia subjetiva". En suma, el artículo quiere subrayar cómo el hecho de atender a las teorías nativas sobre las causas de la emoción -en cuanto proceso relacional que prioriza un enfoque comunicacional, que articula componentes humanos y no humanos situados, y nociones específicas de eficacia y causalidad- resulta ser una estrategia complementaria para analizar las emociones.; Religiosities with a strong "emotional" component had strong visibility in Argentina over the past decades. This paper analyses the crying in groups linked to the New Age spirituality and revivalist Catholicism in the broader context of the so-called "new spiritualities". It also aims to reflect on the affinities between sacred and emotionality as a research focus in the social sciences and what the relational approach has to say about the broader field of affect studies in the analysis of religiosity. Especially when the most widespread analysis understand "emotionalism" as a contemporary crisis of the "social" or as a locus of "subjective experience". In short, the article intend to emphasize how considering native theories about the causes of emotion, as a relational and situated process that considers human and non-human agents, ideas of cause and efficacy, could be a complementary strategy to analyse emotions.; Religiosidades com um forte componente "emocional" tiveram grande visibilidade na sociedade Argentina nas últimas décadas. Este artigo analisa o choro nos grupos ligados às espiritualidades Nova Era e ao catolicismo revivalista no contexto mais amplo das chamadas "novas espiritualidades". O artigo tem também o objetivo de refletir sobre as afinidades entre o sagrado e os afetos como objetos da análise nas ciências sociais, particularmente frisa a importância da abordagem relacional no campo mais amplo do estudo dos afetos. Considera criticamente as análises mais generalizadas sobre o "emocionalismo" como crise contemporânea do "social" ou como locus da "experiência subjetiva". Em suma, pretende-se enfatizar como reconstruir as teorias nativas sobre as causas da emoção, em tanto processo relacional e situado que considera as relações entre humanos e não-humanos, as ideias sobre a causa e a eficácia, resulta uma estratégia complementar para o estudo antropológico das emoções.

Characteristics and causes of Deep Western Boundary Current transport variability at 34.5° S during 2009-2014

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Characteristics and causes of Deep Western Boundary Current transport variability at 34.5° S during 2009-2014 Meinen, Christopher S.; Garzoli, Silvia L.; Perez, Renellys C.; Campos, Edmo; Piola, Alberto Ricardo; Chidichimo, María Paz; Dong, Shenfu; Sato, Olga T. The Deep Western Boundary Current (DWBC) at 34.5° S in the South Atlantic carries a significant fraction of the cold deep limb of the Meridional Overturning Circulation (MOC), and therefore its variability affects the meridional heat transport and consequently the regional and global climate. Nearly 6 years of observations from a line of pressure-equipped inverted echo sounders (PIESs) have yielded an unprecedented data set for studying the characteristics of the time-varying DWBC volume transport at 34.5° S. Furthermore, the horizontal resolution of the observing array was greatly improved in December 2012 with the addition of two current-and-pressure-equipped inverted echo sounders (CPIESs) at the midpoints of the two westernmost pairs of PIES moorings. Regular hydrographic sections along the PIES/CPIES line confirm the presence of recently ventilated North Atlantic Deep Water carried by the DWBC. The time-mean absolute geostrophic transport integrated within the DWBC layer, defined between 800-4800 dbar and within longitude bounds of 51.5 to 44.5° W, is -15 Sv (1 Sv Combining double low line 106 m3 s-1; negative indicates southward flow). The observed peak-to-peak range in volume transport using these integration limits is from -89 to +50 Sv, and the temporal standard deviation is 23 Sv. Testing different vertical integration limits based on time-mean water-mass property levels yields small changes to these values, but no significant alteration to the character of the transport time series. The time-mean southward DWBC flow at this latitude is confined west of 49.5° W, with recirculations dominating the flow further offshore. As with other latitudes where the DWBC has been observed for multiple years, the time variability greatly exceeds the time mean, suggesting the presence of strong coherent vortices and/or Rossby Wave-like signals propagating to the boundary from the interior.

First report of sweet potato leaf curl Georgia virus in sweet potato in Argentina

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First report of sweet potato leaf curl Georgia virus in sweet potato in Argentina Martino, Julia Andrea; Fontenele, R. S.; Ferreira, F. A.; Ribeiro, S. G.; Di Feo, Liliana del Valle Viruses of the genus Begomovirus (family Geminiviridae) have circular single-stranded DNA genomes composed of one or two components. They are transmitted by the whitefly Bemisia tabaci (Hemiptera: Aleyrodidae) and are agents of important diseases in dicotyledonous crops worldwide (Navas-Castillo et al. 2011). The sweepoviruses constitute a monophyletic group of monopartite begomoviruses that infects sweet potato (Ipomoea batatas) and other species of the family Convolvulaceae. Sweet potato is an important vegetable crop and is widely cultivated and consumed in Argentina. Leaf curl disease was first reported in the country in 2012 (Rodríguez-Pardina et al. 2012) associated with an increase of whitefly populations. In September 2014, random samplings of more than 100 plants showing upward leaf curling and mild vein clearing symptoms were conducted in eight sweet potato plots in Colonia Molina, Mendoza Province, Argentina (32.8316311°S, 68.7238142°W). The presence of begomovirus was suggested by PCR using degenerate primers SPG1 and SPG2 that amplified a 912-bp fragment from a conserved region in open reading frames C2 and C1 (Li et al. 2004). Total DNA from three samples was used as a template for rolling circle amplification (RCA) and viral DNA enrichment (Inoue-Nagata et al. 2004). RCA products were pooled and submitted to deep sequencing in an Illumina MiSeq system. Sequencing analysis showed one contig corresponding to the full-length genome of Sweet potato leaf curl Georgia virus (SPLCGV) with coverage of over 40,000 reads. Overlapping primers were designed based on the contig sequence to recover the full-length viral DNA genome. The expected size ∼2.8-kb fragment was amplified from one of the samples and was cloned into the TOPO TA 2.1 and sequenced. The obtained sequence had the genome structure characteristic of a sweepovirus. Species demarcation tool (SDT) analysis showed the highest nucleotide sequence identity (92%) with an SPLCGV isolate from Cuba (KC253236) and identities ranging from 90 to 91% with other SPLCGV isolates from China and the United States. The obtained sequence had 83.5% sequence identity with the Sweet potato leaf curl virus (SPLCV) isolate from Argentina (Rodríguez-Pardina et al. 2012). In accordance with the current taxonomic criteria for begomovirus classification (Brown et al. 2015), this begomovirus isolate from sweet potato in Argentina represents a new strain of SPLCGV, which was named SPLCGV- [AR-MDZ] (KX611145). This is the first report of SPLCGV in Argentina, and our findings expand the geographical distribution of this begomovirus that to date had been reported in the United States, China, and Cuba.

La prensa gráfica en contacto: el abordaje del diario Clarín de la Masacre de Avellaneda

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La prensa gráfica en contacto: el abordaje del diario Clarín de la Masacre de Avellaneda; The graphic press in contact: The approach of the newspaper Clarín of the Massacre of Avellaneda Di Filippo, Marilé En este artículo reflexionamos en torno al tratamiento que el diario Clarín hizo de lo ocurrido en el Puente Pueyrredón y la Estación Avellaneda el 26 de junio de 2002, suceso denominado como la “Masacre de Avellaneda”. Analizamos cómo abordó y construyó el acontecimiento de diferentes modos en las ediciones de los días transcurridos entre el 27 y el 30 de junio. Realizamos un análisis textual pero también ahondamos en otras modalidades de producción de realidad. En efecto, discutimos el rol que en la construcción del acontecimiento desempeñaron un conjunto de fotografías que componen una secuencia denominada “la secuencia de Mateos” así como también el modo en que otras imágenes dieron cuerpo a la estrategia enunciativa del diario que osciló, según sus pretensiones y las circunstancias contextuales, entre su condición de medio gráfico y su aggionarmiento a la dinámica de contacto y seducción del discurso televisivo.; In this article we reflect about the media coverage that Clarín did of the Massacre of Avellaneda (that is how is kown the event where two activists were murdered by the police at Pueyrredón Bridge and Avellaneda Train Station on June 26 of 2002). We analyze the different ways at which this media tackled and built the event in editions elapsed between the 27 and 30 June inclusive. We do a textual analysis but also delve into others modes of production of reality. Indeed, we discuss the role played by a set of photographs that make up a sequence called “the sequence of Mateos”, as well as how other images flesh out the declarative strategy of the newspaper that ranged, according their claims and contextual circumstances, between its status as graphic medium and its adaptative capability to contact dynamics and seduction of television discourse

Introducción a la noción de dignitates en orden a la comprensión de las ciencias según Tomás de Aquino (Primera Parte)

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Introducción a la noción de dignitates en orden a la comprensión de las ciencias según Tomás de Aquino (Primera Parte); Introduction to the Notion of Dignitates in order to understanding on Science in Thomas Aquinas (First Part) Mendoza, José María Felipe El esquema científico escolástico del s. XIII tiene un principal componente: las traducciones de los tratados aristotélicos. En esta línea las obras de Boecio conforman un recio enclave ineludible tanto por sus traducciones del griego cuanto por la fijación de una lexicología técnica que permita interpretarlo. Dicho antecedente fue especialmente enriquecido por las traducciones y comentarios que comenzaron a circular en el s. XII y las sucesivas del s. XIII. Mas, la visión científica de Tomás de Aquino abreva en esta tradición y propulsa una determinada comprensión de los textos del Estagirita. A partir de aquí el siguiente texto persigue en la opera omnia tomística la noción de dignitates, por ser éste uno de los términos que configuran su esquema científico de raíz aristotélica, con el objetivo de mostrar su lugar, sentido y alcance en el orden de las ciencias.; The scholastic scientific diagram of the 13th century has a main component: the translations of Aristotle treatises. In this way Boethius’ works are highly significant both for his translations of Greek terms and for fixing a precise lexicology that allows us to interpret it. These records were enriched with meaningful translations and comments that began to spread in the 12th century and the following ones of the 13th century. However, Thomas Aquinas’ scientific view shows this tradition and enhances a certain understanding of the Aristotelian texts. On this basis the following paper analyzes the notion of ‘dignitates’ on the thomistic opera omnia, because this is one of the terms which sets up the scientific scheme of Aristotelian root, with the objective to show its place, its meaning and its scope in the order of sciences.

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