Del fundamento pasivo y traumático del significar: Levinas y Lacan Leconte, Mariana El lenguaje como significación o sentido está en lugar de otra cosa que falta. Responde al vacío central -traumático- del campo del goce. Es suplencia fallida y, por lo tanto, al mismo tiempo reveladora de la falta que intenta suplir. En razón de esta función de suplencia, el lenguaje se encuentra estructuralmente alienado en el campo del goce. El intento de este artículo es dar cuenta de estas tesis del psicoanálisis lacaniano y extraer de ellas algunas precisiones para la comprensión de la diferencia entre Decir y Dicho en la fenomenología levinasiana del lenguaje, particularmente en lo que atañe a la articulación del orden sensible (vulnerabilidad) y el orden de las significaciones ideales.; The language as significance or sense is in the place of something that is absent. It responds to the central -traumatic- gap of the enjoyment's field. It is a failed substitute and, therefore and at the same time, it reveals the lack that he intends to replace. Because of this function of substitution, the language is, in a structural way, alienated in the enjoyment's field. The intention of this article is to explain these theories of lacanian psychoanalysis and to extract some precisions for the comprehension of the difference between Saying and Said in levinasian phenomenology of language, particularly in what concerns to the articulation of sensible order (vulnerability) and the order of ideal significances.

Pequeños mamíferos predados por la Lechuza de Campanario (Tyto alba) en la ecorregión del Chaco Seco en el noroeste argentino; Small mammals predated by the common Barn-owl (Tyto alba) in the Chaco Seco ecoregion in northwestern Argentina Gomez, Maria Daniela; Fontanarrosa, Gabriela; Ortiz, Pablo Edmundo; Jayat, Jorge Pablo Los hábitos tróficos de la Lechuza de Campanario (Tyto alba) han sido ampliamente estudiados en el centro y sur de Argentina. Sin embargo, en el noroeste los estudios son escasos. Se estudió la dieta de esta rapaz mediante el análisis de egagrópilas colectadas en seis localidades de la ecorregión del Chaco Seco. Se determinaron taxonómicamente los restos cráneo-dentarios encontrados y se calcularon para cada localidad el número mínimo de individuos, la frecuencia relativa y el porcentaje de biomasa aportado a la dieta por cada ítem presa. Se calcularon, además, la amplitud de nicho trófico y la amplitud de nicho trófico estandarizada, el promedio geométrico de los pesos de las presas y la diversidad. Se obtuvo un total de 1231 ítems presa, en su mayoría pertenecientes al género Calomys, dominante en cinco de las seis localidades. La abundancia de individuos varió entre 83-508 y en todas las localidades dos especies (Calomys cf. C. venustus/ fecundus y Calomys cf. C. laucha/musculinus) aportaron más del 50% de la biomasa consumida. La amplitud de nicho trófico estandarizada osciló entre 0.111-0.661. El promedio geométrico de los pesos fue inferior al establecido para el Neotrópico. La abundancia de Calomys spp. en la dieta estuvo positivamente relacionada con el grado de transformación de la tierra en agroecosistemas, mientras que la diversidad de especies estuvo negativamente relacionada. Los resultados de este estudio aportan datos novedosos para la ecorregión del Chaco Seco en el noroeste argentino, confirmando los patrones establecidos para la Lechuza de Campanario en otras regiones de Argentina.; Trophic habits of the Common Barn-Owl (Tyto alba) have been widely studied in Argentina, mainly in the center and south of the country. However, in the north-western region these studies are scarce. We studied the diet of this raptor by analyzing pellets collected in six localities of the Chaco Seco ecoregion. Cranial remains were taxonomically determined, and the minimal number of individuals, relative frequency and percent biomass of each prey item were calculated. Moreover, we calculated food-niche breadth and standardized food-niche breadth, the geometric mean of prey weight, and the diversity. We obtained 1231 prey items, mainly of the genus Calomys, which was dominant in five of the six localities. Number of individuals varied among 83-508 and at all localities, two species (Calomys cf. C. venustus/ fecundus and Calomys cf. C. laucha/musculinus) contributed more than 50% of the consumed biomass. Standardized food-niche breadth varied between 0.111-0.661. Geometric mean of prey weight was lower than the established value for the Neotropical Region. The abundance of Calomys spp. in the diet was positively related to the degree of transformation of natural lands into agroecosystems, whereas species diversity was negatively related. These results contribute with novel data for the Chaco Seco ecoregion in northwestern Argentina, supporting the patterns found for the Common Barn-Owl in other regions of the country.

Ecological and climatic controls of modern wildfire activity patterns across southwestern South America Holz, Andrés; Kitzberger, Thomas; Paritsis, Juan; Veblen, Thomas Understanding how patterns of wildfire activity across biomes are shaped by heterogeneity in biomass resources to burn and atmospheric conditions conducive to burning is a high research priority in the context of global environmental change. Along a latitudinal gradient (25 to 56° S) from semi-arid scrublands through Mediterranean-type vegetation to wet forests in southwestern South America (SSA) we analyzed influences of mean climate and interannual climate variability on fire activity using documentary fire records from 1984 to 2008. We identified large regions with common temporal variability in annual area burned, related this variability to local interannual climate variability and in turn to modes of the major tropical and extratropical climate drivers of the southern hemisphere-El Niño-Southern Oscillation (ENSO) and the Antarctic Oscillation (AAO). Differences in fire activity response to interannual climate variability were related to the relative influences of available biomass to burn, and to weather effects on amounts of fine fuels and fuel moisture conditions. The pattern of average fire activity along this latitudinal moisture/productivity gradient corresponds well with the varying constraints model. This model predicts low fire activity towards the arid extreme due to reduced burnable biomass and again towards the humid extreme due to infrequent weather suitable for drying fuels, and predicts a broad zone of high fire activity at intermediate locations where resources to burn are abundant in all years and fuel moisture dries under reliably dry summer conditions. The dominant influence on interannual climate variability is AAO, which explained most of the variability in fire activity both by reducing seasonal precipitation in mesic and wet forests where fire is dependent on infrequent drought and by enhancing fine fuel production in Mediterranean-type vegetation where fuel amount and continuity constrain fire activity. In the context of the drying and warming trends in SSA related to the continued positive anomaly in AAO, our results underscore the importance of the varying constraints on fire activity and modulation of fire-climate relationships by different vegetation types, which is a much needed step toward developing fire projections under future climate.

Primeros estudios sobre manufactura cerámica de contextos coloniales del sur de Pozuelos (puna de Jujuy, Argentina) Angiorama, Carlos Ignacio; Perez Pieroni, María Josefina En este trabajo se presentan los resultados de los primeros estudios sobre material cerámico procedente de tres contextos coloniales del sur de Pozuelos. Los estudios fueron abordados desde una perspectiva tecnológica, efectuando observaciones macroscópicas y submacroscópicas sobre atributos vinculados a la secuencia de manufactura, incluyendo aspectos morfológicos y de pastas. En base a los resultados obtenidos, se realizaron comparaciones con materiales prehispánicos previamente analizados, pudiéndose detectar algunas continuidades en la producción, como así también algunas discontinuidades. El predominio de continuidades en la alfarería analizada permite afirmar que al menos este tipo de cultura material de los habitantes coloniales de los contextos por nosotros estudiados no habría sufrido grandes cambios con respecto a época prehispánica.; Neste trabalho apresentam-se os resultados dos primeiros estudos sobre material cerâmico procedente de três contextos coloniais do sul de Pozuelos. Os estudos foram abordados desde uma perspectiva tecnológica, efetuaram-se observações macro e submacroscópicas sobre atributos vinculados à sequência de manufatura, incluindo aspectos morfológicos e de pastas. Na base dos resultados obtidos, realizaram-se comparações com materiais pré-hispânicos previamente analisados, detectando assim algumas continuidades na produção, como também algumas descontinuidades. O predomínio das continuidades na cerâmica analisada permite afirmar que a cultura material dos habitantes coloniais dos contextos estudados não teria sofrido grandes câmbios com respeito à época pré-hispânica.; The results of the first studies on ceramic materials from three colonial contexts of south Pozuelos are presented here. These studies were undertaken from a technological perspective. Macroscopic and sub macroscopic observations on attributes related to the production sequence were made, including pastes attributes, morphology and surface characteristics. The results, when compared to previous analysis of prehispanic materials, allowed identifying several continuities in the production of prehispanic and colonial pottery, as well as some discontinuities. The prevalence of the continuities in the analyzed pottery allows stating that the material culture from the studied colonial contexts had not gone through great changes since prehispanic times.

An independent limit on the axion mass from the variable white dwarf star R548 Corsico, Alejandro Hugo; Althaus, Leandro Gabriel; Romero, Alejandra Daniela; Mukadam, A.; García Berro, Enrique; Isern, Jordi; Kepler, S. O.; Corti, Mariela Alejandra Pulsating white dwarfs with hydrogen-rich atmospheres, also known as DAV stars, can be used as astrophysical laboratories to place contraints on the properties of funtamental particles like axions, by measuring their cooling rates and searching for extra cooling sources. In this paper, we present an independent inference of the mass of the axion using the most recent determination of the rate of change of the period of the largest amplitude mode (213 s) of R548, the prototype of this class of stars. This is done employing a state- of-the-art code which allows us to perform a detailed asteroseismological fit based of fully evolutionary sequences. The inclusion of the axions in the evolutionary sequences notably influences the evolutionary timescales, and thus the pulsational properties of these stars. In particular, the rates of period change of the modes are remarkably affected. This allows us to compare the theoretical values with the observed rate of period change of R548. We found that, if the period at 213 s of R548 is associated to a pulsation mode trapped in the hydrogen envelope, then the models indicate the existence of extra cooling in this pulsating white dwarf, consistent with axions of mass ma cos2 β aprox. 17.1 meV, in full agreement with the value inferred from another well-studied variable white dwarf with hydrogen-rich atmosphere, G117-B15A. Thus, we now have two independent estimates of the mass of the axion obtained from pulsating white dwarfs, which agree each other, although additional studies of other pulsating white dwarfs are needed to confirm this value of the axion mass.

Structural study, coordinated normal analysis and vibrational spectra of 4-hydroxy-3-(3-methyl-2-butenyl)acetophenone Lizarraga, Emilio Fernando; Romano, Élida; Rudyk, Roxana Amelia; Catalan, Cesar Atilio Nazareno; Brandan, Silvia Antonia Structural and vibrational properties of 4-hydroxy-3-(3-methyl-2-butenyl)acetophenone, isolated from Senecio nutans Sch. Bip. (Asteraceae) were studied by infrared and Raman spectroscopies in solid phase.The Density Functional Theory (DFT) method together with Pople’s basis set show seven stable conformers for the compound in the gas phase and that only two conformations are probably present in the solid phase. The harmonic vibrational wavenumbers for the optimized geometry were calculated at B3LYP/6-31G⁄and B3LYP/6-311++G⁄⁄ levels. For a complete assignment of the vibrational spectra, DFT calculations were combined with Pulay´ s Scaled Quantum Mechanics Force Field (SQMFF) methodology in order to fit the theoretical wavenumber values to the experimental ones. Then, a complete assignment of all the observed bands in the vibrational spectra was performed. The natural bond orbital (NBO) study reveals the characteristics of the electronic delocalization of the two stable structures, while the corresponding topological properties of electronic charge density were analyzed by employing Bader’s Atoms in the Molecules theory (AIM).

Evaluación de los conocimientos en Salud Oral: Revisión de la Literatura Dho, María Silvina; Palladino, Alberto Constantino El objetivo del presente trabajo fue realizar una revisión de la literatura científica para identificar los estudios realizados sobre "los conocimientos en salud oral"; el instrumento de recolección de datos utilizado en cada caso y las dimensiones consideradas para su valoración. Se procedió a la búsqueda de artículos científicos publicados en los últimos años en las bases de datos Pubmed, Dentistry & Oral Sciences Source de Ebsco y Scielo. Se trabajó con un total de treinta y cinco artículos científicos y se identificaron estudios realizados en "Gestantes"; "Madres, padres y cuidadores de niños en edad preescolar"; "Escolares: niños y adolescentes"; "Estudiantes universitarios"; "Profesionales"; "Individuos que padecen diabetes". Los estudios utilizaron como instrumento metodológico encuestas especialmente diseñadas para cada estudio particular, o ya utilizadas y validadas en otras investigaciones. Las dimensiones para valorar "los conocimientos de salud oral" consideradas en la mayor parte de las investigaciones fueron: factores etiológicos y métodos preventivos de la caries dental y de la enfermedad gingivoperiodontal, higiene bucodental, el flúor como método preventivo de caries dental, cariogenicidad de ciertos alimentos, consulta odontológica.; The aim of this study was to review the scientific literature to identify studies about «oral health knowledge”, the data collection instrument used in each case and the dimensions considered for its evaluation. Science Papers published in the last years in the Pubmed database, Dentistry & Oral Sciences Source Ebsco and Scielo were researched. We worked with a total of thirty-five scientific articles and studies performed in «Pregnant Mothers”; «Mothers, fathers and preschoolers caretakers”; «Schoolers: Children and Adolescents, «College Students», «Professionals” , «People who suffer from diabetes” were identified. As a methodological instrument, the studies used surveys, specially designed for each particular study, or previously used and validated in other research works. Dimensions to assess «oral health knowledge» considered in most of the research woks were: etiological aspects and preventive methods of dental caries and gingivoperiodontal disease, oral hygiene, fluoride as preventive method of dental caries, cariogenicity of certain foods, and dental checkups.

Range of semilinear operators for systems at resonance Amster, Pablo Gustavo; Kuna, Mariel Paula For a vector function u : R → RN we consider the system u 00(t) + ∇G(u(t)) = p(t) u(t) = u(t + T), where G : RN → R is a C1 function. We are interested in finding all possible T-periodic forcing terms p(t) for which there is at least one solution. In other words, we examine the range of the semilinear operator S : H2 per → L2 ([0, T], RN ) given by Su = u 00 + ∇G(u), where H2 per = {u ∈ H2 ([0, T], R N ); u(0) − u(T) = u 0 (0) − u 0 (T) = 0}. Writing p(t) = p + pe(t), where p := 1 T R T 0 p(t) dt, we present several results concerning the topological structure of the set I(pe) = {p ∈ R N ; p + pe ∈ Im(S)}.

A Proposal to Teach the Light in a Unified Frame Using the Feynman Method Fanaro, Maria de Los Angeles; Otero, Maria Rita; Arlego, Marcelo José Fabián The goal of this proposal is to teach the basic aspects of light from the point of view of quantum mechanics at high school level. To this end, we have adapted Feynman´s Path Integral Method of Quantum Mechanics. This is a continuation of previous works where we considered the quantum behaviour of matter. The situations were to promote the conceptualization of the electron as a quantum system, the probabilistic function and the transition quantum–classic. Now, the goal is to build a new proposal to teach the behaviour of the light from an actual vision and from a unified model: the quantum mechanics, from the reconstruction of a reference that also uses the approach Path Integrals of Richard Feynman. It is adapted for secondary school students using vectors and sums, and it is inserted in a problems context about the light. Careful and accurate language is used, avoiding terms like photon or expressions like particles of light or wave-particle duality, because these ideas could present obstacles to understanding key aspects of quantum theory. This proposal is an alternative to avoid historical approaches commonly used so far and it is being implemented in two groups of students in secondary school (15-16 years old). Key words: Feynman method, light, quantum mechanics, secondary school, teaching.

Much More Than It Was Expected: Preservational Differences of Diaphysis and Epiphyseal Ends of Guanaco (Lama guanicoe) Long Bones in Southern Patagonia (Argentina) Belardi, Juan Bautista; Rindel, Diego Damian; Bourlot, Tirso Javier In archeofaunal assemblages from different parts of the world there is a predominance of diaphysis over articular ends. This differential proportion of diaphysis over epiphysis also characterizes a considerable proportion of the faunal samples from Patagonia, especially those from caves and rockshelters. However, the assemblages recovered from open-air contexts in south Patagonia shows an inverse pattern: a predominance of the epiphysis over the diaphysis of guanaco (Lama guanicoe) long bones, contrary to the expectations derived from their respective bone mineral density (BMD) values. The archeofaunal information obtained from six open-air sites is presented and the pattern is evaluated and compared considering the diaphyseal and epiphyseal long bone structure, the densitometric values obtained by Stahl (1999) for South American camelids, the environmental characteristics related with the substrates (lacustrine clay and sand dunes) of the sites and the regional taphonomic information. It is proposed that in dynamic environments such as those here considered, the observed pattern is related to weathering/abrasion, acting differentially on the types and position of the tissues that form the diaphysis and epiphysis. When the diaphysis begins to open and fragment the fracture stops in the epiphysis. Such process would be accelerated in cultural contexts as a result of obtaining nutrients from long bones -considered of low processing cost (sensu Marean & Cleghorn, 2003)- and blanks for artifacts, causes bone to be fractured. Besides, the lack of large carnivores in Patagonia is another important factor that would affect the differential representation on epiphysis over diaphysis. Similar results obtained on different substrates can sustain the expression of the pattern on a regional scale while indicating that it corresponds to openair site contexts in general. Thus, the correlation between present elements and BMD would result in a partial tool to evaluate the integrity of archaeofaunas from Southern Patagonia open-air sites.

Alkaloids from single skins of the Argentinian toad Melanophryniscus rubriventris (ANURA, BUFONIDAE): An unexpected variability in alkaloid profiles and a profusion of new structures Garraffo, H. Martin; Andriamaharavo, Nirina R.; Vaira, Marcos; Quiroga, Maria Fernanda; Heit, Cecilia Inés; Spande, Thomas F. GC-MS analysis of single-skins of ten Melanophryniscus rubriventris toads (five collections of two toads each) captured during their breeding season in NW Argentina has revealed a total of 127 alkaloids of which 56 had not been previously detected in any frog or toad. Included among these new alkaloids are 23 new diastereomers of previously reported alkaloids. What is particularly distinguishing about the alkaloid profiles of these ten collections is the occurrence of many of the alkaloids, whether known or new to us, in only one of the ten skins sampled, despite two skins being obtained from each breeding site of the five populations. Many of the alkaloids are of classes known to have structures with branched-chains (e.g. pumiliotoxins and tricyclic structures) that are considered to derive from dietary mites. A large number of previously reported and new alkaloids are also of unclassified structures. Only a very few 3,5-disubstituted-indolizidine or -pyrrolizidine alkaloids are observed that have a straight-chain carbon skeleton and are likely derived from ant prey. The possible relationship of these collections made during the toad’s brief breeding episodes to sequestration of dietary arthropods and individual alkaloid profiles is discussed.

José Ingenieros y Eva Rutenberg: Cartas de amor para una historia intelectual Fernández Cordero, María Laura A fines del año 2011 el CeDInCI (Centro de Documentación e Investigación de la Cultura de Izquierdas en Argentina) abrió a la consulta pública el Fondo Ingenieros, un acervo que contiene gran parte del archivo personal de José Ingenieros.  Durante el proceso de  catalogación de su extenso epistolario tuve la oportunidad de trabajar con un interesante intercambio epistolar entre Ingenieros y su esposa, Eva Rutenberg. En esas cartas que enviaba desde lo que fue su último viaje, él intentaba negociar una convivencia familiar que le permitiera desarrollar más libremente su tarea intelectual. Allí le proponía a su esposa nuevas formas de administración del dinero o, llegado el caso, continuar la relación aunque no la convivencia ya que se obstaculizaba el proyecto de estudio y escritura que se había propuesto. Ese intercambio me permitió ofrecer una reflexión sobre la escasa presencia de un análisis con perspectiva de género en la historia de los intelectuales varones.

El carbonato de calcio y sus implicancias en el análisis de conjuntos arqueofaunísticos: El caso Laguna El Doce (departamento General López, provincia de Santa Fe); The calcium carbonate and its implications for the analysis of archaeological faunal samples: The Laguna El Doce case (General López department, Santa Fe province) Cornaglia Fernández, Jimena Es frecuente que, bajo determinadas condiciones, se depositen concreciones de carbonato de calcio (CaCO3) sobre las superficies óseas de los huesos recuperados en sitios arqueológicos. En el presente trabajo se presenta el análisis de los efectos tafonómicos de una muestra de especímenes óseo faunísticos procedentes del sitio arqueológico Laguna El Doce, sin limpiar y tras la remoción del carbonato de calcio, con el objeto de evaluar cómo influye la depositación de CaCO3 en el relevamiento de variables antrópicas y naturales, y ver en qué medida puede incrementar -o no- las observaciones de dichas variables. Para este trabajo se seleccionaron los taxa más representados en el conjunto y que registraron evidencias de haber sido ingresados antrópicamente al sitio [venado (Ozotoceros bezoarticus), ñandú (Rhea americana), guanaco (Lama guanicoe) y Artiodactyla; NISP total= 1814]. Los resultados obtenidos permitieron observar un incremento significativo en la frecuencia de agentes tafonómicos naturales (i.e. acción de roedores y raíces) y antrópicos, además de la observación de otras variables de interés para el análisis arqueofaunístico como la meteorización, las depositaciones de manganeso, entre otras.; Often, under certain conditions, concretions of calcium carbonate (CaCO3 ) appear on the surface of bone specimens recovered from archaeological sites. In order to assess how the deposition of CaCO3 influences the identification of anthropogenic and natural variables, and to see how far this can increase –or not- the observations of these variables, this paper presents an analysis of the taphonomic effects on a faunal sample from the archaeological site Laguna El Doce after the removal of calcium carbonate. The most represented taxa in the assemblage and those which contained evidence of anthropic modifications were selected [pampas deer (Ozotoceros bezoarticus), rhea (Rhea americana), guanaco (Lama guanicoe) and Artiodactyla, total NISP= 1814]. The results obtained allow observing a significant increase in the frequency of natural (i.e. rodents and root etching) and anthropic taphonomic agents, as well as the presence of other variables of interest such as weathering, manganese deposits, among others.

Implicancia de las prostaglandinas en la fisiopatología de la endometriosis; Role of prostaglandins in the pathophysiology of endometriosis Meresman, Gabriela Fabiana; Olivares, Carla Noemi Las prostaglandinas son lípidos bioactivos que poseen múltiples y variadas funciones. En biología reproductiva, participan en la regulación de la ovulación, en la fisiología endometrial y en el proceso de menstruación. Asimismo, los niveles de las ciclooxigenasas (COX), enzimas clave en la producción de prostaglandinas, se han hallado aumentados en procesos patológicos tumorales e inflamatorios. En endometriosis, las prostaglandinas no sólo están implicadas en el dolor, sino que son partícipes clave del desarrollo y establecimiento de la enfermedad. Los altos niveles de prostaglandina E2 (PGE2 ) hallados en el líquido peritoneal de las pacientes con endometriosis, no sólo favorecen la proliferación celular estimulando la actividad de aromatasa con su consiguiente producción de estrógenos, sino que, además, los mismos estrógenos aumentan la síntesis de PGE2 estimulando la actividad de las COX-2. La PGE2 además estimula la angiogénesis y está involucrada en la alteración inmunológica peritoneal que se observa en endometriosis. Los inhibidores de las COX-2 fueron y son actualmente utilizados en numerosos ensayos preclínicos y clínicos en distintos tipos de cáncer. En estudios realizados tanto in vitro como in vivo, hemos demostrado que el inhibidor selectivo de las COX-2, el celecoxib, fue eficaz para inhibir la endometriosis experimental. Resulta importante buscar nuevos horizontes en la terapéutica de la endometriosis. Las prostaglandinas y sus enzimas clave de síntesis, las ciclooxigenasas, representan hoy un blanco atractivo para desarrollar nuevas terapéuticas que ataquen directamente a las moléculas involucradas en las causas de esta patología; Furthermore, cyclooxygenases (COX) levels, which are key enzymes for the synthesis of prostaglandins, have been found to be elevated in pathologic, tumoral and inflammatory processes. In endometriosis, prostaglandins are not only implicated in pain, but they are also critical for the establishment as well as for the development of the disease. The high levels of prostaglandin E2 (PGE2 ) found in the peritoneal fluid from patients with endometriosis, not only favor cellular proliferation by stimulating the activity of aromatase with the consequent estrogen production, but also these estrogens are responsible for enhancing PGE2 synthesis by stimulating COX-2 activity. PGE2 also stimulates angiogenesis and is implicated in the peritoneal immunologic alterations observed in endometriosis. COX-2 inhibitors were and are used in a vast number of preclinical and clinical studies in different types of cancer. In studies conducted both in vitro and in vivo, we have demonstrated that the selective COX-2 inhibitor, celecoxib, was efficient in inhibiting experimental endometriosis. It is important to search for new horizons in endometriosis treatment. Prostaglandins and the enzymes in charge of their synthesis, COXs, represent an attractive target for developing new therapies that target directly the molecules involved in the causes of this pathology

Lithic Technology at Campo Laborde, an Early-Holocene Megamammal Hunting Site in the Pampean Region (Argentina) Messineo, Pablo Geronimo Kill/scavenge sites of megamammals in different parts of the world have provided extensive information on subsistence strategies, hunting techniques and technologies used. These kinds of sites often contain the remains of one or a few animals associated with small artifacts. In the pampean region, the knowledge of the lithic technologies associated with the kill/procurement and butchering of megamammals during the Late Pleistocene and Early Holocene has been studied in only two other archaeological assemblages: La Moderna and Paso Otero 5. Recent investigations carried out at Campo Laborde, an archaeological site related with the hunting and the primary processing of a giant ground sloth (Megatherium americanum), provide new evidence to understand the lithic technology linked to these specific activities. In this paper, the results of the techno-morphological analysis of the lithic assemblage from Campo Laborde will be presented. The main objectives of this research are to identify the manufacturing stages for each of the lithic raw materials, and to infer the technological organization employed by the hunter-gatherers during the butchering of this megamammal specie.

Host specific reproductive benefits, host selection behavior and host use pattern of the pinnotherid crab Calyptraeotheres garthi Ocampo, Emiliano Hernan; Nuñez, Jesus Dario; Cledón, Maximiliano; Baeza, J. Antonio In organisms using a wide variety of refuges, both the cost and benefits to the users might be refuge-specific. Under these circumstances, users using mechanisms (e.g., behavioral preference) that allow them to find and colonize refuges in which net benefits are maximized are expected to be selected by the environment. Herein, we tested the hypothesis that resource generalists display strong preferences for resources that provide the greatest reproductive benefits using Calyptraeotheres garthi, a crab that inhabits the limpets Crepidula cachimilla and Bostrycapulus odites in the south-western Atlantic. In the field, female crabs inhabiting C. cachimilla featured larger average body size, and subsequently, larger average fecundity and brood weight than those inhabiting B. odites. Thus, C. cachimilla is a higher quality host for C. garthi compared to B. odites. In contrast to expectations, host selection experiments revealed that female crabs were attracted to the host species from which they were collected and not to the host species that provided the greatest reproductive benefits (C. cachimilla). Host chemical and/or visual cues imprinted in crabs early during ontogeny (soon after colonization of their first host), rather than genetic differences, may explain the source-host fidelity of C. garthi. In the two hosts, females of C. garthi lead a solitary lifestyle and appear to inhabit the same host individual for long periods of time as indicated by the close relationship between female crab and host body size. The frequency of male–female pairs within host individuals was lower than expected by chance alone. Also, males were, on average, smaller than females and did not appear to inhabit the same host individual for long periods of time. The above suggests that males might be using a pure‐search mating strategy, continuously roaming among host individuals in search of receptive females. The details of the mating system of C. garthi need to be further investigated.

The intersex movement: Empowering through new technologies Brossi, Lionel; Landa, Maria Ines; Ortíz de Zarate, Amalia The aim of this article is to explore the different demands and priorities of the intersex community as displayed in various Internet sites. It focuses on common and divergent viewpoints and strategies associated with the social, medical and legal regulations affecting intersex persons. It also demonstrates how online-based policy-making can lead to real actions and change, by allowing to provide information and support for intersex people, their families and supporters. This is oriented to reduce, if not eliminate, the shame and secrecy surrounding the topic, as well as inform and educate physicians and professionals specialized in intersex issues.

Perfil sanitario de la provincia de Córdoba. Desarrollo y eficacia de las políticas de salud. Años 2000-2007; Health profile of the province of Córdoba. Development and effectiveness of health policies. Years 2000-2007 Peranovich, Andres Conrado En los últimos años se han desarrollado en Argentina estrategias dirigidas al cambio del modelo de atención de salud, afianzando la atención primaria y propiciando la reorganización del sistema de servicios de salud y de los sistemas de financiamiento. Este trabajo intenta mostrar la eficacia o no de los cambios dispuestos, ejemplificándolo en el perfil sanitario de la provincia de Córdoba, para el período 2000 al 2007. Es necesario poner de relieve que los datos estadísticos presentados en forma de números, gráficos y/o tablas reflejan la situación de personas que diariamente deben enfrentarse a diferentes situaciones en relación a su salud. Por lo tanto la planificación y el manejo de los recursos y servicios en materia sanitaria resulta esencial, teniendo en cuenta que las últimas encuestas realizadas con respecto a la salud en nuestra provincia, mostraban una visión negativa sobre este tema tan importante y polémico.; In recent years strategies have been developed in Argentina to change the model of health care, strengthen primary care and facilitate the reorganization of health services and funding systems. The objective of this paper is to show the effectiveness or not of the changes proposed, exemplified in the health profile of the province of Córdoba, for the period 2000 to 2007. It is necessary to emphasize that the statistical data presented as numbers, graphs and/or tables reflect the situation of people who everyday have to deal with different situations in relation to their health. Therefore, the planning and management of resources and services in health is essential, given that recent surveys concerning health in our province showed a negative view on this very important and controversial topic.

Creencia pragmática y cognición en Leibniz y Peirce Vargas, Evelyn Teresita La epistemología contemporánea ha insistido en que la creencia es un componente esencial del conocimiento, y sin embargo, si el tener por verdadero es lo propio de la creencia, esto resultaría problemático en relación con la aceptación de un genuino falibilismo por parte del que cree. La cuestión ya fue por planteada por Peirce, y en los albores de la revolución científica, es esbozada por Leibniz con el propósito de responder al escepticismo pirrónico, de modo que la reflexión sobre el concepto de 'creencia' también fue objeto de su reflexión filosófica. Ambos pensadores coinciden, además, en que la relación con la acción es un aspecto fundamental del creer. Este vínculo entre creencia y acción es un rasgo fundamental de lo que Kant había llamado 'creencia pragmática.' En la 'Doctrina transcendental del método' Kant define la creencia pragmática como aquella que sirve de base a la acción pero que, sin embargo, sólo es acompañada de convicción subjetiva (A 824/ B 852). Se ha sostenido que el pragmatismo americano generaliza esta relación con la acción a toda creencia. Menos conocido es el hecho de que Leibniz postula una concepción 'pragmática' de la creencia. En este trabajo me propongo mostrar de qué manera tanto Leibniz como Peirce hicieron de la acción un elemento constitutivo de la noción de creencia, al hacer de la inferencia el proceso de formación de creencias por excelencia; ello supuso hacer del inferir la unidad fundamental de la cognición.

Bis(acetato-κ2 O,O')(4,4′-dimethyl-2,2′- bipyridine-κ2 N,N')zinc Harvey, Miguel Angel; Suarez, Sebastian; Ibañez, Andres; Doctorovich, Fabio; Baggio, Ricardo Fortunato The molecular structure of the title compound, [Zn(CH3COO) 2(C12H12N2)], consists of isolated molecules bisected by a twofold rotation axis which goes through the ZnII cation and halves the organic base through the central C-C bond. The Zn II ion is coordinated by two N atoms from one molecule of the aromatic base and four O atoms from two bidentate, symmetry-related acetate anions, which coordinate asymmetrically [Zn-O distances of 2.058(2) and 2.362(3)Å], while the two Zn-N bond distances are equal as imposed by symmetry [2.079(2)Å]. The crystal structure is supported by a number of weak C-H⋯O interactions and C-H⋯π contacts, with no π-π interactions present, mainly hindered by the substituent methyl groups and the relative molecular orientation. The result is a three-dimensional structure in which each molecule is linked to eight different neighbors.