Entre reordenamiento de tierras y reivindicaciones históricas: el proceso de conformación de la Ley Integral del Aborigen en Formosa; Between land rearrangement and historical claims. The process of conformation of Aboriginal Integral Law in Formosa; Entre o reordenamento das terras e as reivindicações históricas. O processo de formação da Lei Integral do Aborígine em Formosa Leone, Miguel La promulgación de la Ley Integral del Aborigen en Formosa en 1984 abrió un nuevo tiempo en la historia del tratamiento jurídico de lo indígena en Argentina. Este trabajo realiza un análisis socio-histórico del proceso de construcción de esta ley, buscando comprender no sólo el contenido político del dispositivo jurídico sino también la trama de relaciones políticas en que se halló inserta su aprobación. El trabajo demuestra que ésta se vinculó con formas de organización y movilización dadas en comunidades indígenas de la provincia y con vínculos con activistas religiosos. Se plantea que los primeros impulsos del poder ejecutivo provincial en pos de legislar cuestiones indígenas no estuvieron tan vinculados a una voluntad de reconocimiento de derechos sino más bien a un enfoque burocrático administrativo de “reordenar tierras”.; The promulgation of Aboriginal Integral Law in Formosa in 1984 opened a new time in the story of legal treatment about indigene in Argentina. This paper makes socio-historical analysis about the process of construction of that law, trying to understand not only the political content of this legal mechanism but also the nexus of political relationships in which the law approval has been inserted. The paper shows that this approval was linked to ways of organizations and mobilizations generated by indigenous communities of the province and links with religious activists. It is stated that the first governmental impulses towards legislate indigenous issues were not so related to an intention of recognizing rights, but to an administrative and bureaucratic approach towards a land rearrangement.; A promulgação da Lei Integral do Aborígine em Formosa em 1984 abriu uma nova era na história da legalização do indígena na Argentina. Este artigo apresenta uma análise sóciohistórico do processo de construção da lei, procurando entender não só o conteúdo político do dispositivo legal, mas também a trama de relações políticas em que foi feita sua aprovação. O texto mostra que ela se ligou a formas de organização e mobilização geradas nas comunidades indígenas no estado de Formosa e teve com vinculações com ativistas religiosos. Propomos que os primeiros impulsos do poder executivo estadual para tornar judiciais questões indígenas não estiveram ligadas a uma vontade de reconhecer direitos, mas sim a uma intensão burocrática administrativa de "reordenar as terras”.

Fotoionización de moléculas diatómicas asistida por láser: de atto- a femto-pulsos; Laser-assisted photoionization of diatomic molecules: from atto- to femto-pulses Boll, Diego Iván René; Fojon, Omar Ariel Estudiamos teóricamente la fotoionización de moléculas diatómicas sencillas mediante pulsos XUV de corta duración, asistida por láser en el infrarrojo cercano. Además de los conocidos efectos de interferencia por emisión coherente desde ambos centros moleculares, analizamos las interferencias que surgen por presencia del campo láser asistente. Asimismo, examinamos la transición desde esquemas tipo streaking (donde la duración de los pulsos XUV es de algunos cientos de attosegundos) hacia esquemas tipo Free electron laser (en los que la duración de los mismos abarca uno o varias veces el período del campo láser asistente).; We study theoretically the laser-assisted photoionization of simple diatomic molecules by short XUV pulses. In addition to the well known interference eects produced by the coherent emission from both molecular centers, we analyze the interferences induced by the presence of the assistant laser eld. Moreover, we examine the transition from a streaking-like conguration (where the XUV pulses have durations of hundreds of attoseconds) to the Free electron laser conguration (in which the XUV pulse duration comprises one or many laser periods).

Democratización o rejerarquización de las relaciones internacionales? Multipolaridad y poderes emergentes Actis, Esteban El presente artículo tiene como objetivo analizar el comportamiento de las denominadas "potencias emergentes" en relación al actual orden internacional. Se argumenta a partir de dos casos empíricos que a pesar de declamar en la retórica la intención de "democratizar las Relaciones Internacionales" el verdadero objetivo en las acciones es rejerarquizar el orden en función de ganar mayores cuotas de poder y así ascender en la estructura global de poder.

Regímenes de bienestar en América Latina y el Caribe: notas para pensar lo contemporáneo; Welfare regimes in Latin America and Caribbean Campana, Melisa El presente artículo ofrece una caracterización de los regímenes de bienestar latinoamericanos y caribeños en clave historiográfica. Realiza, en primer lugar, un repaso por las condiciones de emergencia de los Estados de Bienestar de Europa occidental y sus características centrales, haciendo especial hincapié en su función como modalidad de gestión regulada de las desigualdades en tanto estrategia de compromiso social del capitalismo industrial. Dialogando con ello, se detiene luego en las específicas configuraciones que han asumido los regímenes de bienestar en América Latina y el Caribe durante el transcurso del siglo XX. Brinda, por último, un mapeo de sus características contemporáneas y de los principales desafíos que enfrentan los Estados de la región en su calidad de garantes de derechos de cara al futuro.; This article provides a characterization of Latin American and Caribbean Welfare regimes in historiographical perspective. Firstly, it makes a review of the emergence conditions of Welfare States in Western Europe and its core features, with particular emphasis on its role as a method to regulate inequalities in industrial capitalism. Dialoguing with it, then stops in the specific configurations that welfare regimes have taken in Latin America during the course of the twentieth century. Finally, it provides a map of its contemporary features and the major challenges that the States of the region face in his capacity as right guarantors for the future.

Strong cosmic censorship and Misner spacetime Denaro, Pedro Ignacio Esteban; Dotti, Gustavo Daniel Misner spacetime is among the simplest solutions of Einstein's equation that exhibits a Cauchy horizon with a smooth extension beyond it. Besides violating strong cosmic censorship, this extension contains closed timelike curves. We analyze the stability of the Cauchy horizon and prove that neighboring spacetimes in one parameter families of solutions through Misner's in pure gravity, gravity coupled to a scalar field, or Einstein-Maxwell theory end at the Cauchy horizon developing a curvature singularity.

Características estructurales y fisiológicas de petunia axillaris relacionadas con su baja sensibilidad a glifosato; Structural and Physiological Characteristics of Petunia axillaris Related to their Low Sensitivity to Glyphosate Dellaferrera, Ignacio Miguel; Panigo, Elisa; Gonzalez Torralba, F.; De Prado, R.; Christoffoleti, Pedro Jacob; Perreta, Mariel Gladis La utilización repetida de glifosato como herbicida, entre otros aspectos, aumenta la frecuencia de individuos con baja sensibilidad al mismo. Entre los numerosos casos reportados de especies de malezas que han presentado algún inconveniente para su adecuado manejo se encuentra Petunia axillaris. En este trabajo se evalúa su sensibilidad y se estudian posibles mecanismos involucrados. Se analizó la retención, absorción y translocación con herbicida radiomarcado, así como también la modificación estructural producida por la aplicación del herbicida. Los análisis comprueban que Petunia axillaris es una especie tolerante a glifosato, no mostrando inhibición de la ruta metabólica del ácido shikímico. La menor sensibilidad al herbicida podría estar relacionada con una menor retención foliar de glifosato y un mayor tiempo de absorción; lo cual retarda el ingreso y movimiento del herbicida. Desde el punto de vista estructural se afecta el desarrollo del eje principal, mateniendo sin embargo una elevada producción de flores y semillas. Petunia axillaris muestra una combinación de características morfológicas-estructurales y fisiológicas que determinan su ventaja adaptativa para permanecer y aumentar su población en sistemas con uso intensivo de glifosato.; Repeated use of glyphosate as herbicide in the same site, among other things, increases the frequency of individuals with low sensitivity. Petunia axillaris is among the many reported cases of weed species that have presented problems for proper management. This study evaluates their sensitivity and discusses the possible mechanisms involved in its differential sensitivity. For this purpose, we analyzed the retention, absorption and translocation of radiolabeled herbicide, and the morphological characteristics related to the herbicide response. Studies confirms that Petunia axillaris is a glyphosate tolerant specie and the shikimic acid metabolic pathway is not altered. The low sensitivity to glyphosate in Petunia axillaris could be associated to low foliar retention and increased time of absorption, which delayed the entrance and movement of the herbicide. Regardless the altered structure with glyphosate, seed production is high enough which ensures the perpetuation of the less sensitive genotypes. Petunia axillaris showed a combination of morphological, structural, and physiological characteristics that determined their adaptive advantage to perpetuate and increase its population in systems with intensive use of glyphosate.

Hydrogeochemistry and sustainability of freshwater lenses in the Samborombón Bay wetland, Argentina Carol, Eleonora Silvina; García, Leandro; Borzi, Guido Esteban Freshwater lenses constitute one of the most vulnerable aquifer systems in the world, especially in coastal wetland areas. The objectives of this work are to determine the hydrogeochemical processes that regulate the quality of the freshwater lenses in a sector of the Samborombón Bay wetland, and to assess their sustainability as regards the development of mining activities. A hydrochemical evaluation of groundwater was undertaken on the basis of major ion, trace and environmental isotope data. The deterioration in time of the freshwater lenses in relation to mining was studied on the basis of the analysis of topographic charts, aerial photography and satellite imaging. The results obtained show that the CO2(g) that dissolves in the rainwater infiltrating and recharging the lenses is converted to HCO3-, which dissolves the carbonate facies of the sediment. The exchange of Ca2+ for Na+, the incongruent dissolution of basic plagioclase and the reprecipitation of carbonate produce a change of the Ca-HCO3 facies to Na-HCO3. In depth, the pH increases with the groundwater flow, and the volcanic glassis dissolved, releasing F-and As. Besides, the evapotranspiration processes cause the saline content to increase slightly. As the only sources of drinking water in the region are the freshwater lenses occurring in the shell ridges, mining operations have deteriorated this resource and decreased the freshwater reserves in the lenses. The study undertaken made it possible to develop some preservation, remediation and management guidelines aimed at the sustainability of the water resources in the region.

Simple thiol-ene click chemistry modification of SBA-15 silica pores with carboxylic acids Bordoni, Andrea Veronica; Lombardo, Maria Veronica; Regazzoni, Alberto Ernesto; Soler Illia, Galo Juan de Avila Arturo; Wolosiuk, Alejandro A straightforward approach for anchoring tailored carboxylic groups in mesoporous SiO2 colloidal materials is presented. The thiol-ene photochemical reaction between vinyltrimethoxysilane precursors and various thiocarboxylic acids which has, click chemistry features (i.e. high conversion yields, insensitivity to oxygen, mild reaction conditions), results in carboxylated silane precursors that can be readily used as surface modifiers. The carboxylic groups of acetic, undecanoic and succinic acid were immobilized on the silica mesopore walls of SBA-15 powders employing the synthesized silane precursors. Post-grafting has been confirmed through infrared spectrometry (FTIR), energy dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (EDS), elemental analysis (EA) and zeta potential measurements. Detailed field-emission gun scanning electron microscopy (FESEM) images and small angle X-ray scattering (SAXS) data revealed parallel mesopores and ordered mesostructures. It is shown that the immobilized COOH groups are chemically accessible for acid-base reactions as well as copper adsorption. Immobilization of easily synthesized tailored carboxylic modified alkoxide precursors within mesoporous systems provides a unique chemical nanoenvironment within these ordered frameworks.

Effects of singlet oxygen generated by a broad-spectrum viral fusion inhibitor on membrane nanoarchitecture Hollmann, Axel; Gonçalves, Sónia; Augusto, Marcelo T.; Castanho, Miguel A.R.B.; Lee, Benhur; Santos, Nuno C. Targeting membranes of enveloped viruses represents an exciting new paradigm to explore on the development of broad-spectrum antivirals. Recently, broad-spectrum small-molecule antiviral drugs were described, preventing enveloped virus entry at an intermediate step, after virus binding but before virus-cell fusion. Those compounds, including an oxazolidine-2,4-dithione named JL103 that presented the most promissing results, act deleteriously on the virus envelope but not at the cell membrane level. In this work, by using atomic force microscopy (AFM), we aimed at unraveling the effects that JL103 is able to induce in the lipid membrane architecture at the nanoscale. Our results indicate that singlet oxygen produced by JL103 decreases membrane thickness, with an expansion of the area per phospholipid, by attacking the double bonds of unsaturated phospholipids. This membrane reorganization prevents the fusion between enveloped virus and target cell membranes, resulting in viral entry inhibition. From the Clinical Editor: The recent development of a family of innovative broad-spectrum small-molecule antiviral drugs that block virus cell entry has provided exciting armors against viruses. In this research paper, the authors utilize atomic force microscopy to investigate the mechanism of action of viral blockade. The findings have resulted in new understanding of cell membrane behavior, which may help in further drug design.

A striking case of deceptive woodpecker colouration: the threatened helmeted woodpecker dryocopus galeatus belongs in the genus celeus; Ein Fall verblüffend irreführender Spechtfärbung: der bedrohte WellenohrspechtDryocopus galeatusist einCeleus Lammertink, J. Martjan; Kopuchian, Cecilia; Brandl, Hanja B.; Tubaro, Pablo Luis; Winkler, Hans The Helmeted Woodpecker Dryocopus galeatus is a threatened species of the Atlantic Forest in southeastern South America. It has traditionally been placed in the genus Dryocopus, but it shows similarities in plumage and structure with woodpeckers in the genus Celeus. We sequenced mitochondrial and nuclear DNA that was sampled from live captured Helmeted Woodpeckers. We found that the Helmeted Woodpecker has a phylogenetic position embedded within the genus Celeus, and recommend its taxonomic treatment as Celeus galeatus. The Helmeted Woodpecker belongs to a clade within Celeus that includes Kaempfer?s Woodpecker C. obrieni, Rufous-headed Woodpecker C. spectabilis, and Cream-coloured Woodpecker C. flavus. It has the southernmost distribution range of the woodpeckers in this clade. The Helmeted Woodpecker is sympatric throughout its range with LineatedWoodpecker Dryocopus lineatus and Robust Woodpecker Campephilus robustus and these species from three different genera show a remarkable convergence in plumage colours and patterns. With the inclusion of Helmeted Woodpecker in Celeus, this genus has four out of 15 species on the International Union for Conservation of Nature (IUCN) red list, a higher proportion of red listed species than in the woodpecker family overall.; Der Wellenohrspecht ist eine bedrohte Spechtart der atlantischen Wälder im Südosten Südamerikas. Er wurde traditionellerweise in das Genus Dryocopus eingeordnet, weist aber in Gefieder und Struktur Ähnlichkeiten zur Gattung Celeus auf. Wir sequenzierten mitochondriale und nukleare DNA aus Proben, die lebend gefangenen Individuen entnommen worden waren. Wir fanden heraus, dass der Wellenohrspecht phylogenetisch innerhalb der Gattung Celeus positioniert ist und empfehlen, ihn in dieses Genus zu klassifizieren. Dieser Specht gehört zu einer Stammlinie innerhalb von Celeus, die den Kaempferspecht Celeus obrieni, Zimtkopfspecht C. spectabilis und den Strohspecht C. flavus enthält. Er stellt den südlichsten Vertreter dieser Gruppe dar. Sein Verbreitungsgebiet deckt sich mit jenen des Linienspechts Dryocopus lineatus und des Scharlachkopfspechts Campephilus robustus und diese drei Arten aus verschiedenen Genera weisen eine bemerkenswerte Konvergenz in Gefiederfärbung und -muster auf. Zusammen mit dem Wellenohrspecht beinhaltet die 15 Arten zählende Gattung Celeus vier auf der Roten Liste der IUCN stehende Arten, mehr als der Durchschnitt der Familie.

Worldwide evidence of a unimodal relationship between productivity and plant species richness Fraser, Lauchlan H.; Pither, Jason; Jentsch, Anke; Sternberg, Marcelo; Zobel, Martín; Cabido, Marcelo Ruben; Díaz, Sandra Myrna; Enrico, Lucas; Nabinger, Carlos; Naseri, Kamal; Overbeck, Gerhard E.; Palmer, Todd M.; Parsons, Sheena; Pesek, Mary; Pillar, Valério D.; Pringle, Robert M.; Roccaforte, Kathy; Schmidt, Amanda; Shang, Zhanhuan; Stahlmann, Reinhold; Stotz, Gisela C.; Sugiyama, Shu-ichi; Szentes, Szilárd; Thompson, Don; Tungalag, Radnaakhand; Undrakhbold, Sainbileg; van Rooyen, Margaretha; Wellstein, Camilla; Wilson, J. Bastow; Zupo, Talita The search for predictions of species diversity across environmental gradients haschallenged ecologists for decades. The humped-back model (HBM) suggests that plantdiversity peaks at intermediate productivity; at low productivity few species can toleratethe environmental stresses, and at high productivity a few highly competitive speciesdominate. Over time the HBM has become increasingly controversial, and recent studiesclaim to have refuted it. Here, by using data from coordinated surveys conductedthroughout grasslands worldwide and comprising a wide range of site productivities, weprovide evidence in support of the HBM pattern at both global and regional extents. Therelationships described here provide a foundation for further research into the local,landscape, and historical factors that maintain biodiversity.

Cambios climáticos en las sierras de Córdoba (Argentina) durante el holoceno. Aportes a las reconstrucciones climáticas a través del análisis de silicofitolitos del sitio arqueológico El Alto 3 Giorgis, Melisa Adriana; Lopez, María Laura; Rivero, Diego Eduardo; Cingolani, Ana María El análisis de silicofitolitos es una herramienta cada vez más utilizada para la reconstrucción paleoclimática. Sin embargo, en Córdoba estas reconstrucciones se han realizado con otras técnicas. En este trabajo nos propusimos calcular los índices climáticos internacionales a partir de los silicofitolitos, validar dichos índices utilizando la distribución de la vegetación y clima actual de las sierras, y presentar la primera reconstrucción paleoclimática a través de silicofitolitos para el sitio arqueológico más antiguo de Córdoba. Los índices internacionales fueron consistentes con los patrones de distribución de la vegetación y clima actual, aunque el índice de frío fue más confiable y sensible que el índice de aridez. A lo largo de perfil analizado los datos de silicofitolitos indicaron un clima frío y húmedo característico del un sitio de montaña, pero mostraron importantes variaciones en los índices de frío y aridez. La reconstrucción climática fue consistente con los trabajos previos, al mostrar un pico de aridez al comienzo del Holoceno, seguido por un clima más húmedo y cálido que el actual, un posterior pico de mayor aridez y calor coincidente con la presencia de la familia Arecaceae y finalmente marca una disminución en la temperatura y aumento de las precipitaciones hasta la actualidad.

Sinopsis y novedades taxonómicas de la familia Aristolochiaceae para la Argentina González, Favio; Ospina Gonzalez, Juan Camilo; Zanotti, Christian Alejandro El género Aristolochia es el único representante de la familia Aristolochiaceae en la Argentina, donde crecen 21 especies nativas, ninguna de las cuales se restringe a este país. Se reducen a la sinonimia 10 nombres y se designan 32 lectotipos. El presente trabajo incluye una clave para la identificación de las especies de Aristolochia en Argentina, junto con una descripción breve de cada una de las especies, los nombres vulgares conocidos en la Argentina y países vecinos, y comentarios taxonómicos y nomenclaturales en aquellos casos en los que se proponen nuevos sinónimos y se resuelven cuestiones de tipificación.; Aristolochia is the only genus of the family Aristolochiaceae in Argentina, where 21 native species grow, none of them restricted to this country. A total of 10 names are subordinated as synonyms, and 32 lectotypes are designated. This work includes a key for the identification of Aristolochia species in Argentina, along with short descriptions, vernacular names in Argentina and neighboring countries, and taxonomic and nomenclatural notes for the cases where new synonyms or typification issues are resolved.

Positron and electron-impact multipleionization Montanari, Claudia Carmen; Miraglia, Jorge Esteban We present positron-impact multiple (single to quintuple) and total ionization cross sections ofNe, Ar, Kr, and Xe, covering an extended energy range from 50 eV to 7 keV. We improve onprevious calculations of the ionization thresholds by adding the mean kinetic energy transferredto the target electrons. In this way the thresholds compare rather well with the experimentalappearance energies for the different k-fold ionization cross sections. Present results include notonly the novel energy threshold at low energies but also the post-collisional contribution at highenergies. We performed a quite complete particle?antiparticle comparison by including ourpositron-impact results, new calculations for electron-impact ionization including the thresholdcorrection, and a detailed compilation of experimental data. Present positron-impact multipleionization cross sections are the first ones in such an extended energy region.

Draft Genome Sequence of Geobacillus sp. Isolate T6, a Thermophilic Bacterium Collected from a Thermal Spring in Argentina Ortiz, Elio Maximiliano; Berretta, Marcelo Facundo; Navas, Laura Emilce; Benintende, Graciela Beatriz; Amadio, Ariel Fernando; Zandomeni, Rubén O. Geobacillus sp. isolate T6 was collected from a thermal spring in Salta, Argentina. The draft genome sequence (3,767,773 bp) of this isolate is represented by one major scaffold of 3,46 Mbp, a second one of 207 Kbp and twenty scaffolds of < 13 Kbp. Assembled sequences revealed 3,919 protein-coding genes.

The worldwide Alzheimer's disease neuroimaging initiative: an update Hendrix, James A.; Finger, Brad; Weiner, Michael W.; Frisoni, Giovanni B.; Iwatsubo, Takeshi; Rowe, Christopher C.; Kim, Seong Yoon; Guinjoan, Salvador Martín; Sevlever, Gustavo; Carrillo, Maria Cristina The Alzheimer's Disease Neuroimaging Initiative (ADNI), launched in 2004, has worked to accelerate drug development by validating imaging and blood/cerebrospinal fluid biomarkers for Alzheimer's disease clinical treatment trials. ADNI is a naturalistic (nontreatment) multisite longitudinal study. A true public-private partnership, the initiative has set a new standard for data sharing without embargo and for the use of biomarkers in dementia research. The ADNI effort in North America is not the only such effort in the world. The Alzheimer's Association recognized these global efforts and formed Worldwide ADNI (WW-ADNI). By creating a platform for international collaboration and cooperation, WW-ADNI's goals are to harmonize projects and results across geographical regions and to facilitate data management and availability to investigators around the world. WW-ADNI projects include those based in North America, Europe, Japan, Australia, Korea, and Argentina.

Periodontal disease and its systemic associated diseases Fernández Solari, Jose Javier; Barrionuevo, Paula; Mastronardi, Claudio A. Inflammatory processes can underlie the etiology of several pathological conditions ranging from metabolic to infectious diseases. Periodontitis, a chronic oral infectious disease, appears to occur as a result of a dysregulated host immune response elicited by subgingival microorganisms occurring in the dental biofilm. Whereas the activity of periodontal pathogens is required, their presence is not sufficient to account for the initiation and progression of periodontal disease. Thus, the combination of the bacterial-elicited insults and the poorly regulated host immune response causes deleterious effects on dentition supporting structures including the periodontal ligament, alveolar bone, and gingival tissues. Furthermore, emerging evidence suggests that periodontal disease can impact on host susceptibility for acquiring other diseases.

Folded compositions in architecture: spatial properties and materials Chiarella, Mauro; García Albarado, Rodrigo The two-dimensional unfolding of three-dimensional volumes allows architectural design and production methods to be rethought in a creative way. This paper reviews spatial and material properties of folded compositions in architecture, through a conceptual proposal based on professional and pedagogic experiences as well as new technologies for geometrical programming and digital fabrication, tested in five alternatives for one case study. The continuous and dynamic two-dimensional projection of a threedimensional spatial situation provides a geometric relationship between the surface and volumetric configuration of a design, thus enabling a mathematical and operative connection between conditions of perception and production. The material expression of these configurations establishes a significant link between the conceptualisation of the design form, its geometric digital generation, its physical fabrication and overall appearance in a manner analogous to the design process used. The combination of folded compositions with the new technologies available further strengthens their potential, which embraces the fluid nature of human activity with continuous forms and delicately intricate geometries.

Organic Anion Transporter 5 (Oat5) Urinary Excretion Is a Specific Biomarker of Kidney Injury: Evaluation of Urinary Excretion of Exosomal Oat5 after N-Acetylcysteine Prevention of Cisplatin Induced Nephrotoxicity Bulacio, Romina Paula; Anzai, Naohiko; Ouchi, Motoshi; Torres, Adriana Monica Cisplatin is a commonly used chemotherapeutic agent. Its main side-effect is nephrotoxicity. It was reported that the organic anion transporter 5 (Oat5) urinary excretion is elevated, implying renal perturbation, when no modifications of traditional markers of renal damage are still observed in cisplatin-induced acute kidney injury (AKI). It was also demonstrated that Oat5 is excreted in urine by the exosomal pathway. This study was designated to demonstrate the specific response of the urinary excretion of exosomal Oat5 to kidney injury independently of other cisplatin toxic effects, in order to strengthen Oat5 urinary levels as a specific biomarker of AKI. To accomplish that aim, we evaluated if urinary excretion of exosomal Oat5 returns to its basal levels when cisplatin renal damage is prevented by the coadministration of the renoprotective compound N-acetylcysteine. Four days after cisplatin administration, AKI was induced in cisplatin-treated male Wistar rats (Cis group), as it was corroborated by increased urea and creatinine plasma levels. Tubular damage was also observed. In cotreated animals (Cis + NAC group), plasma urea and creatinine concentrations tended to return to their basal values, and tubular damage was improved. Urinary excretion of exosomal Oat5 was notably increased in the Cis group, but when renal injury was ameliorated by N-acetylcysteine coadministration, that increase was undetected. So, in this work we observed that urinary excretion of exosomal Oat5 was only increased if renal insult is produced, demonstrating its specificity as a renal injury biomarker.

El trazo fino de las relaciones bilaterales de Argentina en Sudamérica; The thin line of the bilateral relations of Argentina in South America Miranda, Roberto Alfredo En este siglo la preferencia de Argentina por Sudamérica fue una de las características de su relación con el mundo. Uno de los propósitos ha sido el de integrarse a la subregión para tener presencia internacional. De manera que el objetivo de este trabajo es el de analizar las acciones llevadas a cabo por su política exterior para cumplir con el mencionado propósito. Al respecto consideramos que en las relaciones bilaterales con los países sudamericanos hubo una contrariedad. Argentina sobrevaloró el vínculo con algunos de estos países y lo subvaloró con otros, lo cual puso de manifiesto que su política exterior en el subcontinente fue selectiva.; In this century the preference of Argentina in South America was one of the characteristics of her relationship with the world. One of the aims has been to be integrated to the subregion to have international presence. So that the objective of this work is to analyze the actions carried out by its foreign policy to comply with the above-mentioned purpose. We believe that in the bilateral relations with South American countries there was a setback. Argentina overstated the link with some of these countries and undervalued with others, which revealed that its foreign policy in the subcontinent was selective.