Composite microbialites: Thrombolite, dendrolite, and stromatolite associations in a modern environment, Pozo Bravo lake, Salar de Antofalla, Catamarca Puna, Argentina Lencina, Agustina Inés; Soria, Mariana Noelia; Gomez, Fernando Javier; Gérard, Emmanuelle; Farías, María Eugenia Pozo Bravo is a high-altitude Andean lake that harbors modern microbialites thriving in hypersaline conditions in the Salar de Antofalla, one of the driest sites on Earth and located in the Puna region of Catamarca, northwest Argentine. Due to the lake physiography, microbialites are restricted to a narrow belt following Pozo Bravo lake variations. Microbialites exhibit a wide range of external morphologies including domal, discoidal, tabular, and horseshoe-like bioherms which vary considerably in size, as well as large biostromal terraces. As documented by other studies on modern microbialites, external morphology appears to be mainly the product of the environmental setting. In Pozo Bravo lake, high evaporation rates and hypersalinity (driven by high temperature and strong winds), water-level fluctuations, and lake-bottom topography are major controlling factors. The distinctive feature of Pozo Bravo microbialites is their internal structure, showing a gradual transition from a thrombolitic core to dendrolitic structures and to a sharply overlying stromatolitic layer within a single microbialite. We suggest that these various microbialite textures represent a gradual change within an environmental gradient based on lake-level variations, and the influence of these environmental factors on biological activity, mainly by cyanobacteria and diatoms. The study of this site is particularly relevant given that it represents an active system where progressive changes in microbialite type (from thrombolites to dendrolites and stromatolites) are recorded, providing an excellent natural laboratory to study these textural changes from a mechanistic perspective, and it may provide insights for better understanding of the microbialite geological record. In addition, given that these systems are threatened by human activities (mining of lithium-rich brines), its study and preservation are necessary.

El uso creativo de la ley por parte de las comunidades indígenas: El caso de la comunidad mapuche Kalfulafken; The creative use of the law by indigenous communities: The case of the Kalfulafken mapuche community Varisco, Sofia Micaela El análisis del proceso de organización etnopolítica y reconocimiento como comunidad ante el Estado provincial que emprendieron las familias indígenas de Carhué, cuya máxima expresión podemos ubicarla en 2018 cuando iniciaron la tramitación de la personería jurídica. El objetivo del presente articulo es reflexionar sobre la interpretacion y el uso creativo de la ley por parte de las y los actores que se ven afectados directamente y buscan concretar sus proyectos, permite considerar el lugar del Estado en los ámbitos locales y cómo las prácticas populares (jurídicas y extrajurídicas) se encuentran en continua conformación e interrelación con las leyes. En este sentido, en un primer momento retomaremos algunas cuestiones del ámbito internacional donde apelan y buscan participar los pueblos indígenas, para luego tomar, a nivel local, la relación de las comunidades originarias frente al Estado argentino desde el caso específico de la comunidad mapuche Kalfulafken de Carhué. La metodología se realizó desde la perspectiva de la Antropología social, y trianguló la técnica etnográfica, la búsqueda de fuentes y la lectura bibliográfica. Este recorrido inició con el relevamiento bibliográfico de antecedentes teóricos y empíricos sobre el tema en cuestión. A ello se le sumó la recopilación de fuentes primarias y secundarias, y casos complementarios mediante el trabajo en el archivo zonal. Posteriormente se definieron, en conjunto con la comunidad, diversas pautas de trabajo para profundizar los objetivos de la investigación y avanzar con los trámites de la personería jurídica.; This article is based on analysis of the process of ethnopolitical organization undertaken by the indigenous families of Carhué as a community and recognition from the provincial state, the greatest expression of which can be seen when they began the process of applying for legal status in 2018. The objective of this article is to reflect on the creative use of the law by those stakeholders who are directly affected, and how they interpret and use it to carry out their projects. It considers the role of the state in local areas and how popular (legal and extra-legal) practices are continuously shaped by and interrelated with these laws. To this end, we will first return to some issues on which indigenous peoples appeal and seek to participate in the international arena, to later examine the relationship of original communities with the Argentine State at the local level through the specific case of the Kalfulafken de Carhué Mapuche community. The methodology with which we approached this work was that provided by the perspective of Social Anthropology, triangulating ethnographic technique, looking for sources, and bibliographic reading. This examination began with a bibliographic survey of the theoretical and empirical background on the subject in question. We then compiled primary and secondary sources, as well as complementary cases through work in the zonal archive. Subsequently, various work guidelines were defined in consultation with the community to deepen the investigation’s objectives and advance with the procedures to apply for legal status.

Argumentaciones escritas en estudiantes universitarios: un análisis lexicométrico de recursos lingüísticos; Written argumentative texts in university students: a lexicometric analysis of linguistic resources; Argumentations écrites chez les étudiants universitaires: une analyse lexicométrique des ressources linguistiques Peralta, Nadia Soledad; Castellaro, Mariano Andrés; Tuzinkievicz, Maria Agustina El objetivo fue realizar un análisis desde la perspectiva francesa del Análisis de Datos Textuales de producciones escritas de estudiantes universitarios ingresantes y avanzados de una carrera de Ciencias Sociales de la Universidad Nacional de Rosario, Argentina. El análisis se enfocó en los recursos lingüísticos (verbos, marcadores discursivos, cantidad y diversidad de palabras, segmentos). Adicionalmente, esto fue considerado en función de variables descriptivas: presencia de información gráfica adicional, uso de información, momento de cursado, posición valorativa y tipo de texto logrado. Los resultados indican escaso uso de marcadores discursivos argumentativos; utilización de palabras proporcionadas para argumentar (sin incluir palabras nuevas); uso frecuente de verbos específicos; influencia de la información adicional en la estructura argumentativa/contra-argumentativa pero no en la mayor diversidad y cantidad de palabras. Se destaca la importancia de este análisis porque rescata el carácter dialógico de la argumentación y la singularidad del escrito y su contexto.; The goal of this study was to carry out an analysis of written argumentative texts by undergraduate freshmen and senior students pursuing a Social Science degree at the National University of Rosario, Argentina. The analysis is grounded in the French perspective of the analysis of Textual Data, and focused on linguistic resources (verbs, discourse markers, number of word and lexical range, segments). Additionally, these linguistic resources were considered in terms of descriptive variables such as presence of additional graphic information, use of information, years of study, evaluative stance and type of text achieved. The results indicate a scarce use of argumentative discourse markers; use of words provided to argument (excluding new words); frequent use of specific verbs; influence of the additional information on the argumentative/counter-argumentative structure but not on the greater variability of words. The importance of this type of analysis is highlighted because it emphasizes the dialogic aspect of argumentation and captures the singularities of writing and its context.; L'objectif de cet article est de présenter une analyse de données textuelles (perspective française) des productions écrites d'étudiants débutants et avancés inscrits dans une licence en Sciences Sociales à l'Université Nationale de Rosario, en Argentine. L'analyse s’est focalisée sur les ressources linguistiques (verbes, marqueurs discursifs, nombre et diversité des mots, segments). De plus, cela a été considéré en fonction de variables descriptives : présence d'informations graphiques supplémentaires, utilisation des informations, année d'études, position évaluative et type de texte obtenu. Les résultats indiquent une faible utilisation des marqueurs discursifs argumentatifs ; utilisation des mots fournis pour argumenter (sans inclure des nouveaux mots) ; utilisation fréquente de verbes spécifiques ; influence des informations supplémentaires sur la structure argumentative / contre-argumentative mais pas sur la plus grande diversité et quantité de mots. L'importance de cette analyse est mise en évidence car elle récupère le caractère dialogique de l'argumentation et l'unicité de l'écriture et de son contexte.

Controlled synthesis of mono- and bimetallic Pt-based catalysts for electrochemical ethanol oxidation Veizaga, Natalia Soledad; Mendow, Gustavo; Quintero Jaime, Andrés Felipe; Berenguer Murcia, Ángel; de Miguel, Sergio Ruben; Morallón, Emilia; Cazorla Amorós, Diego Poisoning tolerance of Pt-based catalyst is an important parameter for the designing of direct electrochemical fuel cells (EFCs) based on electrooxidation of alcohols (i.e. methanol, ethanol). Applicability of direct ethanol EFCs is still challenging taking into account the lack of effective electrocatalysts which are able to produce high faradic current densities and high stability towards strong adsorption of C1 and C2 oxidation products. As we present here, mono- and bimetallic Pt-based electrocatalysts have been synthesized on a carbon black support for the elecotrooxidation of ethanol in acidic media. Depending of the molar ratio between poly-n-vinylpyrrolidone (PVP, acting as protecting agent) and Pt, nanoparticle size distribution has been controlled, obtaining an optimal condition of Pt loading and electroactive surface area (ECSA) for the PVP/Pt ratio = 1. The electrochemical behavior of electrocatalyst Pt/Re/CB-1 shows a negligible variation in the ECSA (98.3 m2 g−1) in comparison with the monometallic electrodes (90.2 m2 g−1). In contrast, addition of Ir tends to reduce the ECSA by agglomeration of some nanoparticles and decreasing its electrochemical performance. Incorporation of Re in the alloy promotes bond breaking of the intermediates adsorbed on surface, specifically adsorbed C2 molecules, releasing great number of the active sites from the Pt surface, minimizing the deactivation with cycling and providing remarkable stable catalyst with high specific current densities with the addition of small amounts of Re.

The reduction of Cr(VI) in Salvinia minima: Possible involvement of an h-type thioredoxin Chocobar Ponce, Silvana; Prado, Carolina del Valle; Tabernero, Noelia Romina; Ilina, Natalia; Pagano, Eduardo Antonio; Ramallo Lopez, Jose Martin; Mizrahi, Martin Daniel; Rosa, Mariana Daniela Hexavalent chromium [Cr(VI)] is extremely toxic to plant cells and has been recognized to possess a high redox potential. Tolerant plant species have shown the ability to reduce Cr(VI), but the operating mechanism involved in this process is not elucidated. Thus, the aim of this study was to investigate the possible involvement of thiolic and phenolic compounds and thioredoxin expression during Cr(VI) reduction in S. minima. In addition, a probable enzymatic reduction of Cr(VI) was investigated. Plants were exposed to 20 mg L−1 Cr(VI) concentration during 7 days under controlled conditions. The amount of metal accumulated in lacinias (root-like submerged leaves) and fronds (floating leaves) indicated that a low percentage of absorbed Cr(VI) was mobilized from lacinias to fronds. X-ray absorption near-edge structure (XANES) analysis revealed that Cr(III) was the only chromium species occurring in S. minima plants. Thiols and phenolics of lacinias and fronds were increased significantly by Cr(VI) treatment, but accumulation patterns were different. The expression of an h-type thioredoxin (Trx h) was demonstrated for the first time in Cr-exposed lacinias. Enzymatic reduction showed a low contribution to the Cr(VI) reduction. Data of this study provide evidences on the involvement of thiols, thioredoxin, and phenolics in the reduction of Cr(VI) to Cr(III) in S. minima tissues.

Personalized production in Industry 4.0: a CONWIP approach Vinci Carlavan, Guido; Rossit, Daniel Alejandro Production technologies based on Industry 4.0 allow the capacity and flexibility of production systems to be increased, enabling mass customization of production. In this work, a production problem is considered where the customization of production is extreme, resulting in unique products. This type of production is known as One-of-a-Kind Production (OKP). Naturally, this type of production places great demands on the planning system, since the standardization of production is reduced to a minimum. In this sense, it is proposed to use a production control strategy based on CONWIP, which seeks to maintain the level of work-in-progress at constant levels. In turn, to improve the performance of the CONWIP strategy, new dispatch rules are studied and designed to improve the level of service provided to the client.

Foucault ¿un filósofo de la tecnología? Torrano, María Andrea En este artículo propone indagar sobre la concepción de la tecnología que estaría presente en los escritos de Foucault, como también las observaciones críticas que realizan algunes autores que se han ocupado de indagar sobre dicha noción. Sin pretender dar una respuesta conclusiva sobre qué entendió Foucault por tecnología, propongo una serie de preguntas que pueden ayudar a echar luz -o al menos intentar abrir a las reflexiones- sobre Foucault y las tecnologías: ¿Foucault presenta una mirada negativa o afirmativa o ambas sobre la tecnología? ¿Técnica y tecnología aluden a lo mismo o es posible diferenciarlas? Si las tecnologías están dirigidas a gobernar a los sujetos ¿cómo pueden habilitar modos de resistencia? ¿la relación entre tecnología y cuerpo es exterior o interior? ¿es posible afirmar que Foucault fue un pensador de la tecnología o que hace contribuciones a la filosofía de la tecnología?

Homenaje al Dr. Bernardo Alberto Houssay (1887-1971): sus vínculos con la Asociación Médica Argentina y con la educación en salud: a cincuenta años de su fallecimiento (segunda parte); Tribute to Dr. Bernardo Alberto Houssay (1887-1971): his links with the Argentine Medical Association and with health education: fifty years after his death (part two) Hurtado Hoyo, Elías; Houssay, Leopoldo Jorge Emilio; Losardo, Jorge; Hurtado Hoyo, Elías hijo; Tooren, José Antonio van Con motivo del cincuentenario del fallecimiento del doctor Bernardo Alberto Houssay, se describe su trayectoria profesional y su relación con la Asociación Médica Argentina, así como su influencia en la enseñanza y los intentos en favor de una formación médica integral. Se mencionan otros aspectos de su vida que incluyen su pasión por la actividad deportiva, su vida familiar y social, entre otros.; On the occasion of the fiftieth anniversary of the death of Dr. Bernardo Alberto Houssay, his professional career and his relationship with the Argentine Medical Association are described, as well as his influence on teaching and attempts towards comprehensive medical training. Other aspects of his life are mentioned, including his passion for sports activity, his family and social life, among others.

Homenaje al Dr. Bernardo Alberto Houssay (1887-1971): sus vínculos con la Asociación Médica Argentina y con la educación en salud: a cincuenta años de su fallecimiento (primera parte); Tribute to Dr. Bernardo Alberto Houssay (1887-1971): his links with the Argentine Medical Association and with health education: fifty years after his death (first part) Hurtado Hoyo, Elías; Houssay, Leopoldo Jorge Emilio; Losardo, Jorge; Hurtado Hoyo, Elías hijo; Tooren, José Antonio van Con motivo del cincuentenario del fallecimiento del doctor Bernardo Alberto Houssay, se describe su trayectoria profesional y su relación con la Asociación Médica Argentina, así como su influencia en la enseñanza y los intentos en pos de una formación médica integral. Se mencionan distintos aspectos de su vida, que incluyen su pasión por la actividad deportiva, su vida familiar y social, entre otros.; On the fiftieth anniversary of the death of Dr. Bernardo Alberto Houssay, his professional career and his relationship with the Argentine Medical Association are described, as well as his influence on teaching and attempts towards comprehensive medical training. Different aspects of his life are mentioned, including his passion for sports, his family and social life, among others.

Resveratrol impairs cellular mechanisms associated with the pathogenesis of endometriosis Madanes, Daniela; Meresman, Gabriela Fabiana; Valla, Sofía Aylén; Hassan, Nourhan; Kiesel, Ludwig; Greve, Burkhard; Barañao, Rosa Ines; Götte, Martin; Ricci, Analía Gabriela Research question: Does resveratrol exert a potent inhibitory effect on the development of endometriosis by interfering with some pivotal processes?Design: In-vitro cultures of primary endometriotic stromal cells, immortalized endometrial stromal (St-T1b) and endometriotic epithelial (12Z) cells were used to assess the effects of resveratrol on endometrial cell mechanisms. The effects of resveratrol on 12Z and St-T1b cell viability were assessed by MTT assay, apoptosis by FITC Annexin V assay and cleaved caspase-3 levels and cell migration by wound healing assay. The effect of resveratrol on the expression of genes related to cell migration, angiogenesis and cell stemness was evaluated by qRT-PCR.Results: Resveratrol significantly decreased cell viability (P= 0.0065 to P = 0.0180), cell migration (P < 0.001 to P = 0.0225) and increased the number of apoptotic cells (P = 0.0031 to P = 0.0432) in both cell lines. In cell lines and primary culture, the treatment reduced MMP-2/TIMP-1 (P < 0.001 to P = 0.0180), VEGF (P = 0.0052 to P = 0.0243) and Ang-1 mRNA (P < 0.001 to P = 0.0382) expression. Among the stem cell phenotype markers, resveratrol 100 µM increased mRNA expression levels of Notch-1 (P < 0.001 to P = 0.0018), KLF-4 (P = 0.0011 to P = 0.0137), SOX-2 (P < 0.001 to P = 0.0070) and TERT (P < 0.001 to P = 0.0193) in both cell lines and primary cultures. The mRNA expression level of Snail-1 increased in the cell lines (P < 0.001 to P = 0.0087), whereas OCT-4 mRNA expression increased in St-T1b (P = 0.0396) and primary cultures (P = 0.0148). Vimentin mRNA expression showed a significant upregulation in primary cultures (P < 0.001). The expression of Msi-1 (P = 0.0145) and NANOG (P = 0.0080) decreased only in St-T1b cells.Conclusion: Resveratrol showed inhibitory effects on cell behaviour related to the development of endometriosis by differentially affecting growth, apoptosis, migration and stem cell phenotype of endometrial and endometriotic cells in vitro.

At-sea distribution, movements and diving behavior of Magellanic penguins reflect small-scale changes in oceanographic conditions around the colony Blanco, Gabriela Silvina; Gallo, Luciana; Pisoni, Juan Pablo; Dell´Omo, G.; Gerez, N. A.; Molina, G.; Quintana, Flavio Roberto Penguins are highly specialized divers that are expected to reflect environmental variation by adjusting their foraging behavior. We performed a comprehensive analysis of the at-sea distribution, diving, and foraging performance of Magellanic penguins (Spheniscus magellanicus) during the early chick-rearing period over two consecutive breeding seasons. The study was conducted at Cabo dos Bahías, (44° 54′ 50″ S; 65° 32′ 37″ W) a breeding colony located south of the latitudinal range of penguins’ main prey item Argentine anchovies (Engraulis anchoita). We also linked penguin foraging behavior to sea surface temperature (SST) to examine how birds cope with differences in oceanographic conditions. For this, we instrumented 37 adult penguins (18 in 2015 and 19 in 2016) with data loggers. In addition, we recorded chick growth in body mass during the first 12 days of life. Overall, the diving patterns of adult Magellanic penguins were similar in both breeding seasons. However, during 2015, adult breeders spent more time at the sea surface between foraging dives and performed more foraging dives per hour. The time spent foraging was higher in 2016 than in 2015. Foraging penguins also expanded their foraging range more than 100 km during 2016. Temperature records gathered by diving penguins during 2016 showed significantly higher temperatures, both at the sea surface as well as at the bottom of dives. Adults performed a higher foraging effort and chicks gained weight faster during 2016. Site-specific variability in prey distribution and abundance may be responsible for inter-seasonal discrepancies in the foraging and diving patterns. We reasoned that any environmental change could cause a shift in the distribution of anchovies, which would change the foraging behavior of penguins as they attempted to optimize their chick growth. Penguins from Cabo dos Bahías appear to face this environmental challenge with a highly sensitive at-sea foraging performance by increasing foraging effort when necessary.

Paleohistología en elementos craneanos de Calyptocephalella canqueli (Anura, Neobatrachia) del Mioceno temprano-medio de Santa Cruz, Argentina, y su implicancia paleoambiental Fornari, Tomás; Riguetti, Facundo; Muzzopappa, Paula En este resumen se presentan los resultados preliminares del estudio de ocho cortes paleohistológicos realizados sobre cuatro maxilares de la especie extinta Calyptocephalella canqueli (Anura, Neobatrachia). Los materiales, aislados y fragmentarios, fueron recolectados de niveles de edad Mioceno Temprano–Medio (18–15,2 Ma) de la Formación Santa Cruz en el Río Chalía (Santa Cruz), y se encuentran depositados en el Museo Padre Molina (Río Gallegos). En Calyptocephalella se diferencian claramente tres regiones morfológicas del maxilar: pars facialis, pars palatina, ambas con ornamentación exostótica en su superficie externa, y pars dentalis, con tabiques para dientes pedicelados. En los cortes delgados se evidencian características similares, como la presencia de una corteza externa ornamentada de hueso compacto, lamelar y prácticamente avascular. En los cortes transversales se observan diferencias en las distintas regiones morfológicas: la pars palatina presenta una matriz entretejida con fibras de empaquetamiento grueso, con una elevada vascularización (incluyendo espacios de reabsorción parcialmente rellenos), sugiriendo un crecimiento óseo rápido, mientras que la pars facialis suele presentar una matriz pseudolamelar poco vascularizada. En los cortes longitudinales se encontraron restos de dientes en la pars dentalis y aparentes marcas de crecimiento en la pars palatina. No se observaron osteonas secundarias y en algunos cortes transversales se distinguieron fibras de Sharpey en la pars palatina. Estas observaciones, que aún requieren de comparaciones con taxones vivientes para establecer implicancias paleoecológicas, constituyen los primeros pasos para desentrañar diversos aspectos biológicos de C. canqueli, un taxón que poblaba extensamente la Patagonia durante finales del Oligoceno y el Mioceno Temprano–Medio

Hydrogeochemistry of an Acid River and Lake Related to an Active Volcano: The Case of Study. Agrio River—Copahue Volcano in Patagonia, Argentina Llano, Joaquin; Lamberti, María Clara Isabel; Sierra, Daniel; Agusto, Mariano Roberto During the last three decades, Copahue volcano has been one of the most studied volcanoes in Argentina and Chile. Extensive research has been devoted to studying the geochemistry of rocks and fluids of the Copahue-Caviahue volcanic complex, paying particular attention to the geochemical behavior of the water system. In this study, 275 published analyses of water geochemistry were compiled, in order to describe and revise the processes that control it. Thus, different processes that were previously described in the main volcanic-hydrological system were reanalyzed, such as ions and elements dilution along the Agrio River; alunite, jarosite and barite precipitation in the headwaters; schwertmannite and basaluminite precipitation in the Caviahue Lake and the lower Agrio River. Also, processes such as the incorporation of some elements (As, Tl and Pb) into waters through magmatic gases, and the absortion/adsortion of As, V, Cr and rare earth elements in the hydroxysulfates precipitates are described for the first time.

Investigación y colaboración en diálogo: migración y educación desde la experiencia en una radio comunitaria; Research and collaboration in dialogue: migration and education from the experience of a community radio station; Investigação e colaboração em diálogo: migração e educação a partir da experiência em uma estação de rádio comunitária Diez, Maria Laura; Novaro, Gabriela; Fariña, Francisco; Ferreiro, Julieta; Varela, Melina Damiana En este trabajo reflexionamos sobre una experiencia de colaboración realizada en el marco de nuestras investigaciones con población boliviana que vive en Argentina. Analizamos la participación en un programa radial que sostenemos desde el año 2019 en la Colectividad Boliviana de Escobar(provincia de Buenos Aires). Esta experiencia se realizó como parte de las actividades que desde hace años desarrollamos con las familias, organizaciones de migrantes y escuelas de esta localidad. Procurando vincular nuestras investigaciones con la experiencia, nos detenemos en las relaciones previas que facilitaron el programa y las que este habilitó, así como en las temáticas que formaron parte de las emisiones: vivencias escolares en Bolivia y Argentina; recuerdos que marcan historias de vida entre allá y acá; aprendizajes en las experiencias transnacionales; importancia de la lengua quechua, el trabajo y las situaciones recreativas y festivas en relación con las pertenencias identitarias. Desde este recorrido, exploramos el lugar de la colaboración en el desarrollo de investigaciones etnográficas en educación.; In this paper we reflect on a collaborative experience carried out in the framework of our research with Bolivian population living in Argentina. We analyze the participation in a radio program that we have been holding since 2019 in the Bolivian Collectivity of Escobar (province of Buenos Aires). This experience was carried out as part of the activities that we have been developing for years with families, migrant organizations and schools in this locality. Trying to link our research with the experience, we focus on the previous relationships that facilitated the program and those that it enabled and on the topics that were part of the broadcasts: school experiences in Bolivia and Argentina; memories that mark life stories between there and here; learning in transnational experiences; importance of the Quichua language, work and recreational and festive situations in relation to identity belongings. From this journey we explore the place of collaboration in the development of ethnographic research in education.; Neste trabalho, reflectimos sobre uma experiência de colaboração levada a cabo em no âmbito da nossa investigação com a população boliviana residente na Argentina. Analisamos a participação num programa de rádio que fazemos desde 2019 na Colectividade Boliviana de Escobar (província de Buenos Aires). Esta experiência foi realizada como parte das actividades que temos vindo a desenvolver há anos com famílias, organizações de migrantes e escolas na cidade de Escobar. Procurando ligar nossa investigação a essa experiência, reflectimos sobre as relações anteriores que facilitaram o programa e aquelas que ele próprio habilitou, y nos temas que faziam parte das emissões: experiências escolares na Bolívia e na Argentina; memórias que marcam histórias de vida entre lá e cá; aprendizagem em experiências transnacionais; a importância da língua quichua, do trabalho e de situações recreativas e festivas em relação às identidades. A partir deste percurso exploramos o lugar da colaboração no desenvolvimento da investigação etnográfica na educação.

Host receptor-targeted therapeutic approach to counter pathogenic New World mammarenavirus infections Hickerson, Brady T.; Daniels Wells, Tracy R.; Payés, Cristian; Clark, Lars E.; Candelaria, Pierre V.; Bailey, Kevin W.; Sefing, Eric J.; Zink, Samantha; Ziegenbein, James; Abraham, Jonathan; Helguera, Gustavo Fernando; Penichet, Manuel L.; Gowen, Brian Five New World mammarenaviruses (NWMs) cause life-threatening hemorrhagic fever (HF). Cellular entry by these viruses is mediated by human transferrin receptor 1 (hTfR1). Here, we demonstrate that an antibody (ch128.1/IgG1) which binds the apical domain of hTfR1, potently inhibits infection of attenuated and pathogenic NWMs in vitro. Computational docking of the antibody Fab crystal structure onto the known structure of hTfR1 shows an overlapping receptor-binding region shared by the Fab and the viral envelope glycoprotein GP1 subunit that binds hTfR1, and we demonstrate competitive inhibition of NWM GP1 binding by ch128.1/IgG1 as the principal mechanism of action. Importantly, ch128.1/IgG1 protects hTfR1-expressing transgenic mice against lethal NWM challenge. Additionally, the antibody is well-tolerated and only partially reduces ferritin uptake. Our findings provide the basis for the development of a novel, host receptor-targeted antibody therapeutic broadly applicable to the treatment of HF of NWM etiology.

Epithelial and neural cadherin in mammalian fertilization: studies in the mouse model Verón, Gustavo Luis; Veiga, Maria Florencia; Cameo, Mónica; Marin Briggiler, Clara Isabel; Vazquez, Monica Hebe Successful mammalian fertilization requires a well-orchestrated sequence of molecular events leading to gamete fusion. Since this interaction involves Ca2+-dependent adhesion events, the participation of the Ca+2-dependent cell-cell adhesion proteins Epithelial (E-cad) and Neural (N-cad) cadherin is envisaged. We have previously reported the expression of E-cad and N-cad in human gametes and showed evidence of their involvement in sperm-oocyte adhesion events leading to fertilization. To overcome ethical limitations associated with the use of human gametes in fertilization-related studies, the mouse has been selected worldwide as the experimental model for over 4 decades. Herein, we report a detailed study aimed at characterizing the expression of E-cad and N-cad in murine gametes and their involvement in murine fertilization using specific antibodies and blocking peptides towards both adhesion proteins. E-cad and N-cad protein forms, as well as other members of the adhesion complex, specifically β-catenin and actin, were identified in spermatozoa, cumulus cells and oocytes protein extracts by means of Western immunoblotting. In addition, subcellular localization of these proteins was determined in whole cells using optical fluorescent microscopy. Gamete pre-incubation with anti-E-cad (ECCD-1) or N-cad (H-63) antibodies resulted in decreased (p < 0.05) In Vitro Fertilization (IVF) rates, when using both cumulus-oocytes complexes and cumulus-free oocytes. Moreover, IVF assays done with denuded oocytes and either antibodies or blocking peptides against E-cad and N-cad led to lower (p < 0.05) fertilization rates. When assessing each step, penetration of the cumulus mass was lower (p < 0.05) when spermatozoa were pre-incubated with ECCD-1 or blocking peptides towards E-cad or towards both E- and N-cad. Moreover, sperm-oolemma binding was impaired (p < 0.0005) after sperm pre-incubation with E-cad antibody or blocking peptide towards E-cad, N-cad or both proteins. Finally, sperm-oocyte fusion was lower (p < 0.05) after sperm pre-incubation with either antibody or blocking peptide against E-cad or N-cad. Our studies demonstrate the expression of members of the adherent complex in the murine model, and the use of antibodies and specific peptides revealed E-cad and N-cad participation in mammalian fertilization.

Preparation and Curation of Phenotypic Datasets Alvarez Prado, Santiago; Hernández, Fernando; Achilli, Ana Laura; Amelong, Agustina Based on case studies, in this chapter we discuss the extent to which the number and identity of quantitative trait loci (QTL) identified from genome-wide association studies (GWAS) are affected by curation and analysis of phenotypic data. The chapter demonstrates through examples the impact of (1) cleaning of outliers, and of (2) the choice of statistical method for estimating genotypic mean values of phenotypic inputs in GWAS. No cleaning of outliers resulted in the highest number of dubious QTL, especially at loci with highly unbalanced allelic frequencies. A trade-off was identified between the risk of false positives and the risk of missing interesting, yet rare alleles. The choice of the statistical method to estimate genotypic mean values also affected the output of GWAS analysis, with reduced QTL overlap between methods. Using mixed models that capture spatial trends, among other features, increased the narrow-sense heritability of traits, the number of identified QTL and the overall power of GWAS analysis. Cleaning and choosing robust statistical models for estimating genotypic mean values should be included in GWAS pipelines to decrease both false positive and false negative rates of QTL detection.

The arsenal of bioactive molecules in the skin secretion of urodele amphibians Barros, Ana L. A. N.; Hamed, Abdelaaty; Marani, Mariela Mirta; Moreira, Daniel C.; Eaton, Peter; Plácido, Alexandra; Kato, Massuo J.; Leite, José Roberto S. A. Urodele amphibians (∼768 spp.), salamanders and newts, are a rich source of molecules with bioactive properties, especially those isolated from their skin secretions. These include pharmacological attributes, such as antimicrobial, antioxidant, vasoactive, immune system modulation, and dermal wound healing activities. Considering the high demand for new compounds to guide the discovery of new drugs to treat conventional and novel diseases, this review summarizes the characteristics of molecules identified in the skin of urodele amphibians. We describe urodele-derived peptides and alkaloids, with emphasis on their biological activities, which can be considered new scaffolds for the pharmaceutical industry. Although much more attention has been given to anurans, bioactive molecules produced by urodeles have the potential to be used for biotechnological purposes and stand as viable alternatives for the development of therapeutic agents.

Lo que la pandemia nos quitó: Relatos de estudiantes con discapacidad intelectual en tiempos de covid-19; What the pandemic took from us: stories from students with intellectual disabilities in Covid-19 times Schwamberger, Cintia María El presente artículo tiene como objetivo relatar la experiencia de estudiantes con discapacidad intelectual en escuelas secundarias emplazadas en contexto de pobreza urbana de la Región Metropolitana de Buenos Aires. Desde una metodología cualitativa nos centramos en las voces de dos estudiantes que narran su experiencia escolar en tiempos de confinamiento. Sostenemos que se vuelve clave recuperar las voces de quienes son destinatarios de las políticas de inclusión que asumen, en tiempos de neoliberalismo recargado, una práctica cosmética como forma de solapamiento de las desigualdades que viven a diario las personas con discapacidad. En rigor, esto no es nuevo, sino que, los efectos y afectos de las políticas profundizaron las marcas de exclusión que vivió el colectivo en tiempos de COVID-19. Esta situación conduce a la necesidad de analizar y poner en discusión las condiciones materiales que habitan y cómo se desarrolla la escolaridad. En los relatos se evidencian las tensiones atravesadas, en tiempos de cuarentena, en tanto que obstáculos, pero, a la vez, de distintas prácticas que les permitió desplegar sus potencias y habilidades.; This article aims to report the experience of students with intellectual disabilities who go through their schooling in secondary schools located in contexts of urban poverty in the Metropolitan Region of Buenos Aires. From a qualitative methodology, we focus on the voices of two students who narrate their school experience in times of confinement. We argue that it is essential to recover the voices of those who are recipients of inclusion policies that assume, in times of overloaded neoliberalism, a cosmetic practice as a form of overlapping of the inequalities that people with disabilities experience every day. Strictly speaking, this is not new, but rather, the effects and effects of the policies deepened the marks of exclusion that the group experienced in times of COVID-19. This situation leads to the need to analyze and discuss the material conditions they inhabit and how schooling is developed. In the stories, the tensions they experienced are evident, in times of quarantine, as obstacles but, at the same time, of different practices that allowed them to display their powers and abilities.

Antes, durante y después de la muerte: Narrativas biográficas del homicidio en enfrentamientos y peleas entre varones en el AMBA (2000-2020) Di Marco, Martín Hernán ¿Quiénes son los varones que cometen homicidios? ¿Cómo son sus vidas y qué eventos las marcan? ¿Qué sentido le dan a la muerte violenta? Y, ¿cómo experimentan el momento del crimen? Desde una perspectiva microsociológica y narrativa, este libro indaga sobre los relatos de vida de varones cisgénero que produjeron la muerte de otros varones en peleas y enfrentamientos en el Área Metropolitana de Buenos Aires.La propuesta teórica y empírica de este libro es tanto el resultado de una vacancia académica en comprender las vidas de perpetradores de violencia letal, como también una respuesta a la parcialización disciplinar en el campo de estudios de la violencia. Esta investigación surge del interés por integrar diferentes dimensiones que permitan complejizar este fenómeno. Las vidas previas al evento, la dinámica experiencial durante los enfrentamientos y las explicaciones del acto son, de este modo, tres modos de abordar, desmenuzar y estudiar qué ocurre en la vida de estos varones.Esta tesis doctoral explora y examina los sentidos con los que se gestiona el haber cometido un homicidio y, a su vez, da cuenta de la lectura estoica con la que los varones reconstruyen los enfrentamientos. El hecho de que el homicidio no siempre sea experimentado como un giro biográfico, que los conflictos entre varones seas vividos como inevitables y viscerales, y que los varones empleen diferentes historias para justificar, racionalizar, neutralizar y, en algunos casos, legitimar el matar son algunos de los resultados que esta tesis explora.Las preguntas y respuestas sobre el campo de la violencia que aquí se desprenden tienen como intención contribuir a las miradas que se han encargado de comprender las condiciones de posibilidad sociales y subjetivas de la violencia letal. Este libro se encuadra en la profunda convicción de hacer visibles los modos dominantes en que las identidades masculinas se vinculan, a la vez que producen y reproducen ciertos sentidos sobre la agresión física cómo práctica legítima, viable o inevitable para abordar conflictos interpersonales.