Efecto de la densidad de las forestaciones y la intensidad de cosecha en raleos mecanizados con harvester; Forest density and thinning intensity effect in mechanized thinning with harvester. Hildt, Eduardo; Leszczuk, Andrés Alejandro; Sclichter, Tomás; Mac Donagh, Patricio Miguel El objetivo de este estudio fue evaluar cómo la densidad de la forestación y la intensidad de los raleos afectan a la cosecha con harvester. Fueron evaluados siete harvesters diferentes, en nueve situaciones de segundo raleo de pino del noreste argentino. Los estudios de tiempos comprendieron el establecimiento de parcelas y la filmación de las operaciones. La densidad media de los rodales fue de 656 árboles.ha-1, con un volumen medio de 0,53 m3 . El raleo extrajo en promedio el 45% de los árboles. Fueron ajustados modelos mixtos a nivel de parcela para la duración de cada actividad, considerando a las características de la forestación y la operación como factores fijos y al sitio como factor aleatorio. La productividad de la cosecha en las distintas situaciones estuvo comprendida entre 11 y 46 m3 .h-1. El incremento en la densidad implicó una reducción en el tiempo de búsqueda de los árboles y un aumento en el tiempo de posicionamiento del cabezal, y de desrame y trozado. En cambio, el incremento de la intensidad de raleo redujo el tiempo de búsqueda de los árboles y favoreciendo la cosecha de árboles más grandes, aumentando la productividad. La elaboración de varios productos provocó una reducción del 21,6% en la productividad, respecto al trozado de un único producto triturable.; The objective of this study was to evaluate how forest density and thinning intensity affect the harvester work performance. Were studied seven different harvesters, in nine situations of second thinning of pine, from northeast Argentina. Time studies comprises the establish of plots and the filming of operations. Forests have an average density of 656 trees.ha-1, with a mean volume of 0.53 m3 . In thinning?s, a 45% of the trees were removed. Mixed plot-level models were adjusted for each activity, incorporating the forestry and operation characteristics as fixed factors, and the site as a random factor. The effective productivity was between 11 and 46 m3 .h-1. A higher forestry density implied a reduction in time for reach the trees and an increase in the time required for head positioning, delimbing and bucking. In contrast, an increased in thinning intensity reduced the time for reach the trees and implied the harvesting of larger trees, with a positive impact on productivity. The elaboration of several products implied a reduction of 21.6% in productivity with respect to the any pulpwood assortment.

Noise suppression in 2D and 3D seismic data with data-driven sifting algorithms Gómez, Julián Luis; Velis, Danilo Ruben; Sabbione, Juan Ignacio We have developed an empirical-mode decomposition (EMD) algorithm for effective suppression of random and coherent noise in 2D and 3D seismic amplitude data. Unlike other EMD-based methods for seismic data processing, our approach does not involve the time direction in the computation of the signal envelopes needed for the iterative sifting process. Instead, we apply the sifting algorithm spatially in the inline-crossline plane. At each time slice, we calculate the upper and lower signal envelopes by means of a filter whose length is adapted dynamically at each sifting iteration according to the spatial distribution of the extrema. The denoising of a 3D volume is achieved by removing the most oscillating modes of each time slice from the noisy data. We determine the performance of the algorithm by using three public-domain poststack field data sets: one 2D line of the well-known Alaska 2D data set, available from the US Geological Survey; a subset of the Penobscot 3D volume acquired offshore by the Nova Scotia Department of Energy, Canada; and a subset of the Stratton 3D land data from South Texas, available from the Bureau of Economic Geology at the University of Texas at Austin. The results indicate that random and coherent noise, such as footprint signatures, can be mitigated satisfactorily, enhancing the reflectors with negligible signal leakage in most cases. Our method, called empirical-mode filtering (EMF), yields improved results compared to other 2D and 3D techniques, such as f-x EMD filter, f-x deconvolution, and t-x-y adaptive prediction filtering. EMF exploits the flexibility of EMD on seismic data and is presented as an efficient and easy-to-apply alternative for denoising seismic data with mild to moderate structural complexity.

Impaired theory of mind in unaffected first-degree relatives of patients with anorexia nervosa Tapajoz Pereira de Sampaio, Fernanda; Soneira, Sebastian; Catoira, Natalia; Aulicino, Alfredo; Allegri, Ricardo Francisco Objective: Previous studies have shown theory of mind (ToM) is affected in patients with anorexia nervosa (AN). There has also been growing interest in the study of endophenotypes in psychiatric disorders, since they allow better understanding of genetic mechanisms underlying different conditions, making them potential targets for future treatment. The goal of this study was to investigate whether ToM inefficiencies observed in patients with AN, are shared by unaffected first-degree relatives. Method: Performance on two ToM tasks (Reading the Mind in the Eyes and Faux Pas Test) were compared in 17 unaffected first-degree relatives of AN patients and in 17 healthy individuals matched for age and level of education. Depression, anxiety, obsessive compulsive, and eating disorder symptoms were also assessed and correlated with ToM and clinical/demographic variables. Results: Significant differences between groups were observed in all ToM tasks, with relatives of AN patients showing poorer performance. ToM assessment did not correlate with any clinical or demographic variable. Conclusions: The preliminary results of this study suggest unaffected first-degree relatives of AN patients display similar patterns of difficulty in ToM as reported previously for AN patients, supporting the hypothesis that ToM inefficiencies are a familial trait in this condition.

Detection of Echinococcus granulosus sensu lato infection by using extracts derived from a protoscoleces G1 cell line Maglioco, Andrea Florencia; Gentile, Jorge; Barbery Venturi, Melisa Silvana; Jensen, Oscar; Hernández, Claudia; Gertiser, María Laura; Poggio, Thelma Veronica; Canziani, Gabriela Alicia; Fuchs, Alicia Graciela Cystic echinococcosis (CE) can be diagnosed by means of several serological approaches, but their results vary among laboratories due to the molecular characteristics of the reference antigens used. Thus, this study aimed to address both the relevance of an EGPE cell line previously obtained from Echinococcus granulosus protoscoleces G1 and the complexity of the immune response by using two different in vitro growth stages as separate sources of parasite antigens. The serum reactivity was investigated by western blotting (WB) in 21 CE patients from an endemic area in a matched case-control design and also in seven experimentally infected sheep and five healthy control sheep. EGPE-antigen-human serum sensitivity by WB was higher than that of hydatid fluid (HF) WB, ELISA and DD5 (P <.05, Chi-square test). EGPE protein extract was immunogenic in mice and hyperimmune plasma reacted with HF proteins, and AgB2 expression was detected by molecular analysis. Proteins of 37 to 60 kDa were recognized by 95.24% of the CE patients’ sera but, with poor specificity. Statistically significant differences were found between serum protein extract recognition at 7 and 20 days of cell growth. The EGPE cell line is a laboratory source of antigens for improvement of CE serological diagnosis.

Los derechos de las mujeres en Arabia Saudita durante la era de Mohamed bin Salman: hacia el establecimiento de una esfera pública virtual Rullansky, Ignacio El reinado de Salman bin Abdulaziz, es actualmente considerado como un período particular en la historia de Arabia Saudita. Su hijo, el príncipe heredero a la corona saudí, Mohamed bin Salman (MBS), realiza un emblemático papel respecto a esta cuestión. Como segundo en la línea de sucesión, MBS ejerce los cargos de vicepresidente del consejo de ministros y presidente del consejo de asuntos económicos y de desarrollo. En otras palabras, la competencia que conlleva el desempeño de estos cargos hace de su sello, un factor clave en el diseño de la política doméstica e internacional del reino. Así lo demuestra, por ejemplo, su presentación del plan “Visión 2030”, un compendio de puntos elaborados en torno a impulsar un proceso de modernización tecnológica, transparencia institucional, diversificación económica, mejora en la calidad infraestructural y de servicios públicos, y de transformación cultural.

Acerca de los elementos pertenecientes al grupo 3 de la tabla periódica: Un nuevo enfoque; On the membership of group 3 of the periodic table: A new approach Labarca, Martín Gabriel; Martínez González, Juan Camilo En abril de 2015 un equipo internacional de investigadores lograba medir, por primera vez, la primera energía de ionización del laurencio, un elemento superpesado de número atómico 103. El resultado experimental, publicado en la prestigiosa revista científica Nature, daba lugar a la reapertura de un antiguo debate que concierne a los elementos que deben formar parte del grupo 3 de la tabla periódica. El propósito de este trabajo es brindar una nueva línea de argumentación para elucidar este problema.; In April 2015, an international team of researchers announced the measurement, for the first time, of the first ionization energy of lawrencium, a superheavy element of atomic number 103. The experimental result, published in the prestigious scientific journal Nature, led to the reopening of a long-standing debate that concerns the elements that should be part of group 3 of the periodic table. The aim of this paper is to introduce a new line of argumentation to elucidate this problem.

For adults with drug-resistant focal epilepsy, what are the effects of adjunct eslicarbazepine acetate? Ciapponi, Agustín For adults with drug‐resistant focal epilepsy taking up to three antiepileptic drugs, moderate‐certainty evidence shows that adding eslicarbazepine acetate (400 to 1200 mg/d) probably increases the number of people achieving at least a 50% reduction in seizure frequency (370 vs 217 per 1000 people; all results on average) and slightly increases the number of people achieving seizure freedom (29 vs 10 per 1000 people). There was no clear difference in all‐cause treatment withdrawal overall or for the two lower doses (400 and 800 mg/d), but at 1200 mg/d, increased withdrawal from eslicarbazepine acetate was notable (308 vs 176 per 1000 people). More people experienced a range of adverse effects with eslicarbazepine acetate than with placebo, including dizziness, nausea, somnolence, diplopia, and vomiting (increases ranged from 31 to 153 per 1000 people). Withdrawals due to adverse effects were increased with eslicarbazepine acetate overall (106 vs 40 per 1000 people) and, more importantly, for the two higher doses (800 and 1200 mg/d).

UV-C light inactivation of single and composite microbial populations in tangerine-orange juice blend: Evaluation of some physicochemical parameters Fenoglio, Daniela; Ferrario, Mariana Inés; Schenk, Marcela Liliana; Guerrero, Sandra N. This study was aimed at investigating the response of single Saccharomyces cerevisiae KE162 or composited with three cocktails in a turbid orange-tangerine juice blend processed by UV-C 1720 mJ/cm2, 20 °C). Additionally, changes in polyphenol content (PC), total antioxidant activity (TAA), and some physicochemical parameters were analyzed after treatment. S. cerevisiae was combined with cocktails of yeasts (YC), Escherichia coli or native flora isolated from orange-tangerine peel. The adequacy of three conceptually different predictive models was also assessed. Overall, microbial inactivation curves displayed, in general, sigmoidal shape, with a significant shoulder. Moderate inactivation of single or composited inocula was achieved after UV-C treatment (3.9–4.3 log reductions). Coroller model allowed the best fit and the most accurate parameters’ estimation. S. cerevisiae in presence of background cocktails was less sensitive to UV-C, probably due to the interfering populations that hindered light path. UV-C treated juice displayed similar PC (0.61 ± 0.06 mg GAE/mL) and TAAABTS (0.82 ± 0.14 mg TroloxEq/mL) values than untreated juice (PC = 0.63 ± 0.10 mg GAE/mL; TAAABTS = 0.58 ± 0.40, TAADPPH = 3.69 ± 0.14 mg TroloxEq/mL), and a slight decrease in TAADPPH (2.77 ± 0.06 mg TroloxEq/mL), according to MANOVA. In addition, no changes in colour, acidity, turbidity, °Brix and pH (p > 0.05) were recorded after UV-C exposure.

Mathematical modeling of interactions of cabergoline with human serum albumin for biosensing of human serum albumin Jalalvand, Ali R.; Ghobadi, Sirous; Akbari, Vali; Goicoechea, Hector Casimiro; Faramarzi, Elahe; Mahmoudi, Majid In this work, we are going to study the interactions of cabergoline (CBG) with human serum albumin (HSA) by mathematical modeling of voltammetric and spectroscopic data. To achieve this goal, voltammetric and spectroscopic data will be augmented into a data matrix which will be resolved by multivariate curve resolution-alternating least squares (MCR-ALS) as a powerful chemometric tool. Then, the quality of the data fitting by MCR-ALS will be examined by MCR-BANDS to ensure about the absence of the rotational ambiguities in the results. Molecular docking will also be used to model the interactions of CBG with HSA for verifying the results obtained from experimental methods. Hard-modeling of the experimental data will be performed by EQUISPEC to compute the binding constant of the complex formed from the interactions of CBG with HSA for verifying the binding constant obtained by direct analysis of the experimental data. Finally, two chrono-amperometric measurements based on CBG-HSA interactions will be performed to develop a novel electroanalytical method for determination of electro-inactive HSA.

Young star clusters and the structure of the second Galactic quadrant II Molina Lera, José Alejo; Baume, Gustavo Luis; Gamen, Roberto Claudio Galactic spiral arms are traced using young objects as giant molecular clouds, H II regions, OB stars, or young open/embedded clusters. To improve the knowledge of the Galactic structure in the second quadrant we selected, from more than 200 open clusters covered by the SDSS, a sample of 10 young stellar clusters to conduct a spectrophotometric study. Photometric data were provided by SDSS and APASS in the optic bands and by 2MASS and WISE in the infrared. Spectroscopic information was obtained from observations acquired with GMOS/GEMINI complemented with data from the literature. For six of the 10 clusters, distances were also obtained with our astrometric Gaia data analysis. To perform all tasks we used a suite of tools developed by us. Our results show that these open clusters are distributed along three spiral arms, covering distances from 1.8 to 8.0 kpc. We confirm, using our novel spectroscopic data, our previews photometric estimations regarding the Galactic location of the cluster Teutsch 45. We found that it is located beyond the ?Outer Arm? and probably belong to the more distant ?New Arm? extending its trace almost to the anticentre. Hence, it was possible to get a better picture of the structure of the outer regions of the Galaxy. For clusters with pre-main-sequence populations we also found traces of coeval star formation processes. Regarding spectroscopic data and most massive members of the clusters, we discovered seven B-type stars, all earlier than B4 and we also confirmed the spectral classification of one O8-8.5 type star.

''La vida al día'': modernización periodística y noticias policiales en la prensa anarquista y socialista de Buenos Aires a comienzos del siglo XX; "Living the day": journalistic modernization and police news in the anarchist and socialist press of Buenos Aires at the beginning of the 20th century Buonuome, Juan Cristóbal; Albornoz, Martín En este artículo analizamos la presencia de noticias policiales en La Protesta y La Vanguardia, principales periódicos del anarquismo y socialismo de la ciudad de Buenos Aires en la primera década del siglo XX. Dos hipótesis estructuran nuestro trabajo. La primera postula que La Protesta y La Vanguardia mostraron un alto grado de permeabilidad al proceso de modernización que atravesó el periodismo en este período. En tal sentido, nos detenemos en la incorporación de innovaciones estructurales y estilísticas que realizaron ambos periódicos, en un contexto de emergencia y expansión de un público lector de carácter masivo. La segunda hipótesis plantea que la inclusión de las noticias policiales en La Protesta y La Vanguardia no fue fijada, necesariamente, bajo parámetros doctrinarios y que respondió, en cambio, a una búsqueda por establecer un vínculo más directo y cotidiano con las inquietudes con las que la desordenada vida urbana de la Buenos Aires del novecientos amenazaba a sus lectores.; In this article we analyze the presence of police information in La Protesta and La Vanguardia, the main newspapers of anarchism and socialism of the city of Buenos Aires in the first decade of the 20th century. Two hypotheses struc-ture our work. The first proposes that La Protesta and La Vanguardia showed a high degree of permeability to the process of modernization that journalism went through in this period. In this sense, we explore the incorporation of structural and stylistic innovations made by both newspapers, in the context of emergence and expansion of a mass reading public. The second hypothesis states that the inclusion of police information in La Protesta and La Vanguardia was not nec-essarily set under doctrinal parameters and that it responded, instead, to the firm intention to establish a more direct and daily bond with the concerns with which the disorderly urban life of Buenos Aires in the nineteenth century threatened its readers.

Agua y Estado como ejes estructurantes de los procesos de transformación del hábitat rural en el árido de Mendoza (Argentina) Esteves, Matias Jose; Miranda Gassull, Virginia Paulina Se considera al hábitat rural de tierras secas no irrigadas de Mendoza (Argentina) con un patrón disperso de ocupación del suelo y vinculado exclusivamente a la cría de ganado caprino. Pero las transformaciones territoriales vinculadas a la escasez de agua superficial sumado a acciones estatales en materia de servicios e infraestructura han incidido en la configuración del hábitat, detectándose actualmente población agrupada que conforma pequeños poblados. Se utilizan principalmente métodos cualitativos observación directa y entrevistas en profundidad- aplicados en dos casos de estudio. Se indaga en los aspectos institucionales y ecológicos que inciden en la configuración-transformación del hábitat en relación con su trayectoria histórica. Los resultados muestran que los poblados poseen características propias y diferentes al hábitat disperso, donde su consideración permitiría enriquecer la enunciación de políticas en pos de visibilizar las dinámicas presentes en el territorio y la heterogeneidad en la configuración del hábitat.; Its consider that the rural habitat of the not irrigated dry land of Mendoza (Argentina) with a dispersed pattern of land occupation and linked mainly to the breeding of goats. But the territorial transformation linked with scarcity of superficial water in addition to the public policies in services and infrastructure have influences the habitat configuration, detecting diverse villages. From the use of qualitative methods, two villages are charac-terized as case studies. The institutional and ecological aspects that affect its configu-ration-transformation are investigated in relation to its historical trajectory. The results show that these villages have their own characteristics and that they are different from the dispersed habitat, where their consideration would enrich the enunciation of public policies in order to visualize the dynamics present in the territory and the heterogeneity of its configuration.

Tribulaciones de la primera generación eólica argentina: un análisis a partir de los parques de Mayor Buratovich y Centenario en el sur Bonaerense Clementi, Luciana Vanesa Desde fines del siglo XX la valorización del potencial eólico argentino con fines energéticos presenta matices, que oscilan entre impulsos y frenos. Dos generaciones de parques eólicos de media y alta potencia para la producción eléctrica dan cuenta del desarrollo alcanzado. La región Patagónica y el Sur de la Provincia de Buenos Aires reúnen las principales iniciativas, las cuales conviven como proyectos activos, en incubación o paralizados, según cómo han sido afectados por diferentes dificultades. Tras el inicio del siglo XXI, la mayoría de los parques de primera generación quedaron inoperantes. Con el objetivo de comprender las causas que han dejado fuera de servicio estas iniciativas, el trabajo examina las barreras que han afectado su funcionamiento, a partir del análisis de dos casos de estudio en el Sur bonaerense. Las experiencias analizadas reflejan que los inconvenientes técnicos y los obstáculos financieros y regulatorios fruto de las fluctuaciones en la coyuntura político-económica del país, han sido determinantes para el cese de los parques eólicos, a pesar de los esfuerzos de las cooperativas eléctricas por intentar sostenerlos.

Всеобщая забастовка после убийства Феррера: профсоюзная фрагментация и политическая борьба (октябрь 1909 г.); La huelga general por el asesinato de Ferrer: fragmentación gremial y disputas políticas (octubre de 1909); The general strike against Ferrer’s murder. Trade-union fragmentation and political disputes (October 1909) Belkin, Alejandro Marcelo En este artículo analizamos la huelga general ocurrida en la Argentina en octubre de 1909, en respuesta al fusilamiento del pedagogo libertario Francisco Ferrer, en España. Este importante acontecimiento había quedado cuasi olvidado, pero resulta fundamental para comprender el ciclo de protestas obreras que se inicia en mayo de 1909 y tiene su desenlace, un año más tarde, en oportunidad del Centenario, cuando se clausura una etapa trascendental en el desarrollo del movimiento obrero argentino. Su estudio permite abordar la evolución del conflicto social y su vínculo con la disputa entre las principales corrientes políticas que actuaban en la clase trabajadora argentina.; Данная статья посвящена анализу событий, связанных со всеобщей забастовкой в Аргентине в октябре 1909 г., начавшейся в ответ на убийство в Испании анархиста, учителя Франсиско Феррера. Это событие уже почти забыто, но его необходимо проанализировать, чтобы понять причины подъема рабочего движения, начало которого приходится на май 1909 г., и который продолжался ещё год вплоть до начала празднования Столетия начала войны за независимость, когда начинается его спад. Изучение движения позволить проследить эволюцию общественного конфликта и его связь с политической борьбой внутри рабочего класса Аргентины.; This article examines the general strike that took place in Argentina in October 1909, in response to the execution of the libertarian pedagogue Francisco Ferrer, in Spain. This important event had been almost forgotten, but it is crucial to understand the cycle of workers' protests that begins in May 1909 and ends a year later, on the occasion of the Centenario, when a decisive stage in the development of the Argentine workers' movement came to an end. Its study allows to assess the evolution of social conflict and its links with the dispute between the main political currents that were active among the Argentine working class.

Mitochondrial bioenergetics links inflammation and cardiac contractility in endotoxemia Vico, Tamara Antonela; Marchini, Timoteo Oscar; Ginart, Santiago; Lorenzetti, Mario Alejandro; Adán Areán, Juan Santiago; Calabró López, María Valeria; Garcés, Mariana; Ferrero, Mariana Cristina; Mazo, Tamara Magali; D'Anunzio, Verónica; Gelpi, Ricardo Jorge; Corach, Daniel; Evelson, Pablo Andrés; Vanasco, Virginia; Alvarez, Silvia There is current awareness about the central role of mitochondrial dysfunction in the development of cardiac dysfunction in systemic inflammatory syndromes, especially in sepsis and endotoxemia. The aim of this work was to elucidate the mechanism that governs the link between the severity of the systemic inflammatory insult and mitochondrial function, analysing the consequences on heart function, particularly in cardiac contractile state. Female Sprague–Dawley rats were subjected to low-grade endotoxemia (i.p. injection LPS 0.5 mg kg−1 body weight) and severe endotoxemia (i.p. injection LPS 8 mg kg−1 body weight) for 6 h. Blood NO, as well as cardiac TNF-α and IL-1β mRNA, were found increased as the severity of the endotoxemia increases. Cardiac relaxation was altered only in severe endotoxemia, although contractile and lusitropic reserves were found impaired in both treatments in response to work-overload. Cardiac ultrastructure showed disorientation of myofibrillar structure in both endotoxemia degrees, but mitochondrial swelling and cristae disruption were only observed in severe endotoxemia. Mitochondrial ATP production, O2 consumption and mitochondrial inner membrane potential decreases were related to blood NO levels and mitochondrial protein nitration, leading to diminished ATP availability and impairment of contractile state. Co-treatment with the NOS inhibitor l-NAME or the administration of the NO scavenger c-PTIO leads to the observation that mitochondrial bioenergetics status depends on the degree of the inflammatory insult mainly determined by blood NO levels. Unravelling the mechanisms involved in the onset of sepsis and endotoxemia improves the interpretation of the pathology, and provides new horizons for novel therapeutic targets.

Las prácticas educativas extensionistas II: un desafío de la formación superior Ferrero de Roqué, María Teresa; Occelli, Maricel Este artículo es la segunda parte de una serie de prácticas educativas extensionistas que compartimos con los lectores. En la primera, expusimos el marco teórico que sustenta estas prácticas desarrolladas por los estudiantes que cursan Práctica de la Enseñanza en el Profesorado en Ciencias Biológicas de la Facultad de Ciencias Exactas, Físicas y Naturales (FCEFyN) de la Universidad Nacional de Córdoba (UNC) en los años 2016 y 2017. En el artículo de referencia, argumentamos acerca del rol de las universidades vinculado a las funciones de extensión en la formación de profesores y el marco referencial que sustenta la cátedra sobre la actuación que le incumbe a la universidad en la sociedad. En segundo lugar, caracterizamos estas prácticas en el marco de la educación noformal, en articulación con distintas organizaciones comunitarias de la provincia de Córdoba, para finalizar con las experiencias de los años 2016y 2017 (Ferrero de Roqué y Occelli, 2019a). En este artículo desarrollaremos las prácticas educativas extensionistas que tuvieron lugar en el año 2018.

Los desarrollistas urbanos y la producción de ciudad: análisis documental de la especulación en Córdoba; The urban developers and the production of city. A documentary analysis of speculation in Córdoba Saccucci, Erika Ave Oria Este artículo indaga sobre la dinámica e importancia de los desarrollistas urbanos, así como también sobre el nuevo rol del Estado en materia urbana a partir de la sanción del Plan Director 2020 en Córdoba. Esta nueva normativa no solo modifica las disposiciones sobre el uso del suelo urbano, sino que incluye herramientas de gestión absolutamente novedosas para la Argentina, como las mesas de concertación. De esta manera, a partir de un análisis de fuentes secundarias y documentales, se busca conocer los efectos de estas modificaciones y las dinámicas sobre los diversos sectores de la ciudad y la segregación urbana. Se ha concluido que este modo de hacer ciudad ha desplazado al Estado como actor principal de la planificación urbana, y ha puesto en primer plano a las empresas desarrollistas, fomentando la producción de ciudad basada en la especulación y la segregación urbana.; The following article inquires about the dynamics and importance of urban developers as well as the new role of the state in urban development since the sanction of the Director Plan 2020. This new law not only modifies the provisions on the use and urban land use, but also includes absolutely innovative management tools for Argentina as public-private concertation. In this way, from an analysis of secondary sources and documentaries, we seek to know the effects of these modifications and the dynamics on the various sectors of the city and urban segregation. It has been concluded that this way of “making city” has displaced the State as the main actor in urban planning, and has put the development companies at the forefront, promoting the production of cities based on speculation and urban segregation.

The fossil record of birds from the James Ross Basin, West Antarctica Acosta Hospitaleche, Carolina Ileana Alicia; Jadwiszczak, Piotr; Clarke, Julia A.; Cenizo, Marcos The fossil record of birds from Antarctica is concentrated in the James Ross Basin, located in north-east of the Antarctic Peninsula. Birds are here represented by an extensive Paleogene record of penguins (Sphenisciformes) and Cretaceous–Paleogene record of Anseriformes, followed by other groups with a minor representation (Procellariiformes, Falconiformes, and Pelagornithidae), and others previously assigned controversially to “Ratites”, Threskiornithidae, Charadriiformes, Gruiformes, Phoenicopteriformes, and Gaviiformes. We provide a complete update of these records, commenting on the importance of some of these remains for the evolution of the major clades.

Grey water footprint as an indicator for diffuse nitrogen pollution: The case of Navarra, Spain Aldaya, Maite M.; Rodriguez, Corina Iris; Fernandez Poulussen, Alex; Merchan, Daniel; Beriain, Maria Jose; Llamas, Ramon Nitrogen is an essential element for plant growth, while its application and associated pollution is a worldwide concern. Generally, diffuse source pollution and its impacts on ecosystem health are difficult to monitor and regulate. Here we used the grey water footprint (GWF) and water pollution level (WPL) indicators, based on a soil nitrogen balance approach to differentiate between surface and groundwater, in order to better understand and quantify the pressure that nitrogen fertilisation generates on freshwater. For the first time, we compared the results of these indicators with actual nitrogen concentration data in surface and groundwater bodies, showing in both cases a positive significant correlation according to Spearman correlation coefficient. This means that the theoretical WPL results might be valuable to anticipate and identify nitrate pollution in surface and groundwater bodies. However, several factors influence the N-related processes that should be considered, such as natural attenuation. We estimated the agricultural and livestock nitrogen loads delivered to freshwater and the associated GWFs and WPLs at the municipality level in Navarra. Large GWFs are observed in southern Navarra, particularly in intensive agricultural regions such as Ribera Alta-Aragón and Ribera Baja. We estimated that 64% of the GWF related to nitrogen loads came from artificial fertilisers, 16% from manure, 11% from atmospheric deposition and the remaining 9% from biological fixation, seeds and other organic fertilisers. Among the crops, cereals had the largest contribution to the nitrogen-related GWF (54%) followed by vegetables (17%) and fodder (11%).

Physicochemical, thermal and mechanical characterization study of perimysial collagen of two bovine muscles Velazquez, Diego Ezequiel; Latorre, Maria Emilia Chemical, thermal and mechanical collagen characteristics of intramuscular perimysial connective tissue (IMCT) from bovine Semitendinosus (ST) and Pectoralis profundus (PP) muscles were studied. Furthermore, these collagen characteristics in presence/absence of other extracellular matrix components were analyzed for both muscles. Differences between muscles were observed for collagen content; all IMCT-PP perimysial samples were higher than ST samples. In addition, for both muscles, IMCT-alkali resistant samples allowed the highest trypsin soluble collagen. The main differences between muscles were recorder for thermal and mechanical properties. The denaturation of collagen in the perimysium evidenced differences in total denaturation energy (ΔH) and peak temperatures (Tp). The ΔH resulted higher for IMCT-PP than for IMCT-ST tissues in all samples. By the tensile test it was observed that the maximum loads were constant and higher in all PP samples. In the FTIR assay, the peaks for the main amides were registered in both tissues. However, slight differences between ST and PP-IMCT were detected on hydrogen bond interactions and in secondary structure of the protein. The results reinforce the hypothesis of the presence of different IMCT-perimysial-collagen pools. In this study, chemical, thermal and mechanical characteristics were considered and quantified. However, the mechanical function and development of muscle in-vivo could be the main influence on the extracellular collagen characteristics as well as its interactions with non-collagen compounds. Its formation is essential for muscle function.