Apendicitis aguda en niños menores de 4 años:Un dilema diagnóstico; Acute appendicitis in children under 4 years: a diagnostic dilemma.; Apendicite aguda em crianças menores de 4 anos: um dilema diagnóstico. Rassi, Ricardo; Muse, Florencia; Cuestas, Eduardo La apendicitis aguda es una patología producida por la inflamación del apéndice cecal, debido a la obstrucción de la luz apendicular, que lleva a una congestión venosa y luego eventualmente a un compromiso arterial de la pared apendicular con la consiguiente perforación del mismo. El problema principal de ésta patología en menores de 4 años radica en el alto índice de perforaciones apendiculares que presentan los pacientes al momento del diagnóstico; propulsado principalmente por una presentación clínica inespecífica,que conlleva a un bajo índice de sospecha y a un alto porcentaje de complicaciones en dicho grupo etario.Objetivo realizar una revisión bibliográfica sobre el tema e investigar que se sabe de apendicitis en niños menores de cuatro años hasta el momento.Fuente de Datos se realizo una búsqueda bibliográfica sistemática en la base de datos PubMed desde el año 1980 al año 2017,Conclusiones El aumento en la morbilidad de la apendicitis aguda en menores de 4 años tiene un orígen mixto ya que se mezclan factores orgánicos propios de la edad,junto a un retraso diagnóstico temporal y con ello a la aparición de formas complicadas de la enfermedad , sin que exista en la actualidad signo, síntoma o conjunto de ellos , que nos permita la detección precoz de apendicitis en menores de 4 años.; Introduction Acute appendicitis is a pathology caused by inflammation of the cecal appendix, due tocthe obstruction of the appendicular lumen, witch leads to a venous congestion and then eventually to an arterial compromise of the appendicular wall with the consequent perforation of it. The main problem of this pathology in children under 4 years is the high index of appendicecal preforations presented by patients at the time of diagnosis, mainly driven by an unspecific clinical presentation, which leads to a low index of suspicion and a high percentage of complications in that age group. Objetive: perform a literature review on the subject and investigate what is known of appendicitis in children under four years old to date. The data were obtained through a systematic bibliographic search in the Pubmed data base from 1980 to 2017. Conclussion: the increase in morbidity of acute apendicitis in children under 4 years has a mixed origin since organic factors are mixed age, together with a temporary diagnostic delay and with it the appearance of complicated forms of the disease, there is no sign, symptom or group of them that allows early detection of appendicitis in children under 4 years of age.; A apendicite aguda é uma patologia causada pela inflamação do apêndice cecal, devido à obstrução da luz apendicular, que leva a congestão venosa e, em seguida, eventualmente a um comprometimento arterial da parede apendicular com o consequente perfuração dele. O principal problema desta patologia em crianças menores de 4 anos encontra-se na alta taxa de perfurações apendiculares que os pacientes momento de diagnóstico; alimentado principalmente por uma apresentação clínica inespecífica, o que leva a um baixo índice de suspeita e uma alta porcentagem de complicações no referido grupo etário.

¿Ha descendido significativamente la Tasa de Mortalidad Infantil? Cuestas, Eduardo Las políticas de lucha contra la mortalidad infantil deben ser el resultado de una política de estado sostenida, independiente de los gobiernos de turno y sus logros o fracasos deben transmitirse con veracidad y cautela a la población, tanto por las autoridades como por los medios de comunicación masiva.

Carbon-13 dynamic nuclear polarization in diamond via a microwave-free integrated cross effect Henshaw, Jacob; Pagliero, Daniel; Zangara, Pablo René; Franzoni, Maria Belen; Ajoy, Ashok; Acosta, Rodolfo Héctor; Reimer, Jeffrey A.; Pines, Alexander; Meriles, Carlos A. Color-center–hosting semiconductors are emerging as promising source materials for low-field dynamic nuclear polarization (DNP) at or near room temperature, but hyperfine broadening, susceptibility to magnetic field heterogeneity, and nuclear spin relaxation induced by other paramagnetic defects set practical constraints difficult to circumvent. Here, we explore an alternate route to color-center–assisted DNP using nitrogen-vacancy (NV) centers in diamond coupled to substitutional nitrogen impurities, the so-called P1 centers. Working near the level anticrossing condition—where the P1 Zeeman splitting matches one of the NV spin transitions—we demonstrate efficient microwave-free 13C DNP through the use of consecutive magnetic field sweeps and continuous optical excitation. The amplitude and sign of the polarization can be controlled by adjusting the low-to-high and high-to-low magnetic field sweep rates in each cycle so that one is much faster than the other. By comparing the 13C DNP response for different crystal orientations, we show that the process is robust to magnetic field/NV misalignment, a feature that makes the present technique suitable to diamond powders and settings where the field is heterogeneous. Applications to shallow NVs could capitalize on the greater physical proximity between surface paramagnetic defects and outer nuclei to efficiently polarize target samples in contact with the diamond crystal.

An essential thioredoxin-type protein of Trypanosoma brucei acts as redox-regulated mitochondrial chaperone Currier, Rachel B.; Ulrich, Kathrin; Leroux, Alejandro Ezequiel; Dirdjaja, Natalie; Deambrosi, Matías; Bonilla, Mariana; Ahmed, Yasar Luqman; Adrian, Lorenz; Antelmann, Haike; Jakob, Ursula; Comini, Marcelo A.; Krauth-Siegel, R. Luise Most known thioredoxin-type proteins (Trx) participate in redox pathways, using two highly conserved cysteine residues to catalyze thiol-disulfide exchange reactions. Here we demonstrate that the so far unexplored Trx2 from African trypanosomes (Trypanosoma brucei) lacks protein disulfide reductase activity but functions as an effective temperature-activated and redox-regulated chaperone. Immunofluorescence microscopy and fractionated cell lysis revealed that Trx2 is located in the mitochondrion of the parasite. RNA-interference and gene knock-out approaches showed that depletion of Trx2 impairs growth of both mammalian bloodstream and insect stage procyclic parasites. Procyclic cells lacking Trx2 stop proliferation under standard culture conditions at 27°C and are unable to survive prolonged exposure to 37°C, indicating that Trx2 plays a vital role that becomes augmented under heat stress. Moreover, we found that Trx2 contributes to the in vivo infectivity of T. brucei. Remarkably, a Trx2 version, in which all five cysteines were replaced by serine residues, complements for the wildtype protein in conditional knock-out cells and confers parasite infectivity in the mouse model. Characterization of the recombinant protein revealed that Trx2 can coordinate an iron sulfur cluster and is highly sensitive towards spontaneous oxidation. Moreover, we discovered that both wildtype and mutant Trx2 protect other proteins against thermal aggregation and preserve their ability to refold upon return to non-stress conditions. Activation of the chaperone function of Trx2 appears to be triggered by temperature- mediated structural changes and inhibited by oxidative disulfide bond formation. Our studies indicate that Trx2 acts as a novel chaperone in the unique single mitochondrion of T. brucei and reveal a new perspective regarding the physiological function of thioredoxintype proteins in trypanosomes.

Characterization of the continuum and kinematical properties of nearby NLS1 Oio, Gabriel Andrés; Vega, Luis Rodolfo; Schmidt, Eduardo Osvaldo; Ferreiro, Diego Aims. In order to study the slope and strength of the non-stellar continuum, we analysed a sample from nearby Narrow Line Seyfert1 (NLS1). Also, we re-examined the location of NLS1 galaxies on the MBH - σ relation, using the stellar velocity dispersion and the[OIII]λ5007 emission line as a surrogate of the former.Methods. We studied spectra of a sample of 131 NLS1 galaxies taken from the Sloan Digital Sky Survey (SDSS) DR7. We approacheddetermining the non-stellar continuum by employing the spectral synthesis technique, which uses the code starlight, and by adoptinga power-law base to model the non-stellar continuum. Composite spectra of NLS1 galaxies were also obtained based on the sample.In addition, we obtained the stellar velocity dispersion from the code and by measuring Calcium II Triplet absorption lines and [OIII]emission lines. From Gaussian decomposition of the Hβ profile we calculated the black hole mass.Results. We obtained a median slope of β = −1.6 with a median fraction of contribution of the non-stellar continuum to the totalflux of 0.64. We determined black hole masses in the range of log(MBH/M) = 5.6 − 7.5, which is in agreement with previous works.We found a correlation between the luminosity of the broad component of Hβ and black hole mass with the fraction of a power-lawcomponent. Finally, according to our results, NLS1 galaxies in our sample are located mostly underneath the MBH - σ relation, bothconsidering the stellar velocity dispersion (σ) and the core component of [OIII]λ5007.

Influencia de la actividad petrolera y la ganadería ovina en la cubierta del suelo en una región árida y semiárida de la Patagonia argentina.; Influence of oil activity and sheep ranching on plant cover in the arid and semi-arid region of Patagonia, Argentina Buzzi, Mariana Andrea; Rueter, Barbara Lisa; Ghermandi, Luciana; Maldonado, F. La Geografía como ciencia ha provisto el mayor cuerpo teórico para el estudio de las configuraciones que se producen sobre el espacio geográfico. La generación de cartografía que representa las cubiertas de suelo es uno de los usos más importantes de la percepción remota. Se seleccionaron polígonos, con actividad petrolera y ganadera, en las siguientes unidades de paisaje: cañadones, pampas y valles. Los polígonos se utilizaron para evaluar cambios multi-tempo-rales de las cubiertas de suelo y las comunidades vegetales en un período de 15 años. Se realizaron clasificaciones supervisadas y análisis de métricas de paisaje para examinar las posibles causas de estos cambios comparando: i) polígonos sin actividad petrolera ni ganadera (testigo), ii) con actividad petrolera y ganadera, iii) con actividad petrolera y sin actividad ganadera, y iv) sin actividad petrolera y con actividad ganadera. Los resultados obtenidos indicaron que la densidad de parches, el borde total, la densidad de borde y el índice de división de los fragmen-tos aumentaron en las tres unidades de paisaje, entre 2001 y 2016. El índice de contagio, en cambio, disminuyó. Se observó un incremento del suelo desnudo en las pampas y en los valles occidentales, con un retroceso de las comunidades vegetales dominantes. La densidad de parches en los sitios sin disturbios fue la menor, y en los sitios con ambos disturbios actuando simultáneamente fue máxima. En los sitios sin disturbio el tamaño efectivo de malla fue máximo, mientras que en los sitios con algún disturbio fue menor. Al analizar el efecto del disturbio sobre los elementos del paisaje se observó que su presencia genera la mayor densidad de parches y la mínima conectividad. Los resultados muestran que se produjo un proceso de frag-mentación en las coberturas del suelo direccionados por la explotación petrolera y la ganadería ovina, que disminuyen el tamaño de los parches y, por lo tanto, la densidad de los mismos por unidad de superficie.; The Geography has provided the greatest theoretical body for the study of the configurations that occur over the geographical space. The generation of cartography that represents ground cover is one of the most important uses of remote sensing. Polygons were selected, with oil and livestock activity, in the landscape units: coastal canyons, plateaus and western valleys. The polygons were used to evaluate multi-temporal changes in land cover and plant communities over a period of 15 years. Supervised classifications and analysis of landscape metrics were made to examine the possible causes of these changes by comparing: i) polygons without oil or livestock activity (control), ii) polygons with oil and livestock activity, iii) polygons with oil activity and without livestock activity, and iv) polygons without oil activity and livestock activity. The results obtained indicated that the density of patches, the total edge, the edge density and the division index of the fragments increased in the three landscape units, between 2001 and 2016. The contagion index, however, decreased. An increase in bare soil was observed in the plateaus and in the western valleys, with a regression of the dominant plant communities. The density of patches in the sites without disturbance was the lowest, and in the sites with both disturbances acting simultaneously was maximum. In the sites without disturbance the effective mesh size was maximum, while in the sites with some disturbance it was smaller. When analyzing the effect of the disturbance on the elements of the landscape it was observed that the presence of the disturbance generates the highest density of patches and the minimum connectivity. The results show that there was a process of fragmentation in the coverage of the soil directed by the oil exploitation and sheep farming, which decrease the size of the patches and, therefore, the density of the same per unit area.

Skin-associated lactic acid bacteria from North American bullfrogs as potential control agents of Batrachochytrium dendrobatidis Niederle, María Virginia; Bosch, Jaime; Ale, Cesar Emmanuel; Nader, Maria Elena Fatima; Aristimuño Ficoseco, Maria Cecilia; Toledo, Luis Felipe; Valenzuela-Sánchez, Andrés; Soto-azat, Claudio; Pasteris, Sergio Enrique The fungal pathogen Batrachochytrium dendrobatidis (Bd) is the causative agent of chytridiomycosis and has been a key driver in the catastrophic decline of amphibians globally. While many strategies have been proposed to mitigate Bd outbreaks, few have been successful. In recent years, the use of probiotic formulations that protect an amphibian host by killing or inhibiting Bd have shown promise as an effective chytridiomycosis control strategy. The North American bullfrog (Lithobates catesbeianus) is a common carrier of Bd and harbours a diverse skin microbiota that includes lactic acid bacteria (LAB), a microbial group containing species classified as safe and conferring host benefits. We investigated beneficial/probiotic properties: anti-Bd activity, and adhesion and colonisation characteristics (hydrophobicity, biofilm formation and exopolysaccharide-EPS production) in two confirmed LAB (cLAB-Enterococcus gallinarum CRL 1826, Lactococcus garvieae CRL 1828) and 60 presumptive LAB (pLAB) [together named as LABs] isolated from bullfrog skin.We challenged LABs against eight genetically diverse Bd isolates and found that 32% of the LABs inhibited at least one Bd isolate with varying rates of inhibition. Thus, we established a score of sensitivity from highest (BdGPL AVS7) to lowest (BdGPL C2A) for the studied Bd isolates. We further reveal key factors underlying host adhesion and colonisation of LABs. Specifically, 90.3% of LABs exhibited hydrophilic properties that may promote adhesion to the cutaneous mucus, with the remaining isolates (9.7%) being hydrophobic in nature with a surface polarity compatible with colonisation of acidic, basic or both substrate types. We also found that 59.7% of LABs showed EPS synthesis and 66.1% produced biofilm at different levels: 21% weak, 29% moderate, and 16.1% strong. Together all these properties enhance colonisation of the host surface (mucus or epithelial cells) and may confer protective benefits against Bd through competitive exclusion. Correspondence analysis indicated that biofilm synthesis was LABs specific with high aggregating bacteria correlating with strong biofilm producers, and EPS producers being correlated to negative biofilm producing LABs. We performed Random Amplified Polymorphic DNA (RAPD)-PCR analysis and demonstrated a higher degree of genetic diversity among rod-shaped pLAB than cocci. Based on the LAB genetic analysis and specific probiotic selection criteria that involve beneficial properties, we sequenced 16 pLAB which were identified as Pediococcus pentosaceus, Enterococcus thailandicus, Lactobacillus pentosus/L. plantarum, L. brevis, and L. curvatus. Compatibility assays performed with cLAB and the 16 species described above indicate that all tested LAB can be included in a mixed probiotic formula. Based on our analyses, we suggest that E. gallinarum CRL 1826, L. garvieae CRL 1828, and P. pentosaceus 15 and 18B represent optimal probiotic candidates for Bd control and mitigation.

Adult-onset psychogenic nonepileptic seizures: A multicenter international study Asadi Pooya, Ali A.; Valente, Kette; Restrepo, Anilu Daza; D`alessio, Luciana; Homayoun, Maryam; Bahrami, Zahra; Alessi, Rudá; Paytan, Angélica Aroni; Kochen, Sara Silvia; Myers, Lorna; Sawchuk, Tyson; Buchhalter, Jeffrey; Taha, Firas; Lazar, Lorraine M.; Pick, Susannah; Nicholson, Timothy Purpose The aim of this multicenter international cross-cultural study was to compare clinical variables in a large sample of people with adult-onset psychogenic nonepileptic seizures (PNES). Methods In this retrospective study, we evaluated persons with documented PNES, who were older than 16 years of age at the onset, from four countries (i.e., Iran, Brazil, Venezuela, and Argentina) regarding their age, gender, PNES semiology, and possible predisposing factors. Results We included 389 patients (244 from Iran, 66 from Brazil, 51 from Venezuela, and 28 from Argentina). Age at diagnosis was 32 ± 9 years (range: 17–64 years), and age at the onset of seizures was 27 ± 8 years (range: 17–49 years). There was a female predominance in all countries. The demographic characteristics and factors associated with PNES were similar among the countries. However, there were significant semiological differences among the countries. Conclusion This study corroborates the notion that PNES share more similarities than differences cross-culturally and across international borders. However, the background determined by cultural, ethnic, and religious differences may influence the semiology of PNES. Further cross-cultural studies involving more than two continents may advance our understanding of PNES.

TRPC6 regulates phenotypic switching of vascular smooth muscle cells through plasma membrane potential-dependent coupling with PTEN Numaga-Tomita, Takuro; Shimauchi, Tsukasa; Oda, Sayaka; Tanaka, Tomohiro; Nishiyama, Kazuhiro; Nishimura, Akiyuki; Birnbaumer, Lutz; Mori, Yasuo; Nishida, Motohiro Vascular smooth muscle cells (VSMCs) play critical roles in the stability and tonic regulation of vascular homeostasis. VSMCs can switch back and forth between highly proliferative synthetic and fully differentiated contractile phenotypes in response to changes in the vessel environment. Although abnormal phenotypic switching of VSMCs is a hallmark of vascular disorders such as atherosclerosis and restenosis after angioplasty, how control of VSMC phenotypic switching is dysregulated in pathologic conditions remains obscure. We found that inhibition of canonical transient receptor potential 6 (TRPC6) channels facilitated contractile differentiation of VSMCs through plasma membrane hyperpolarization. TRPC6-deficient VSMCs exhibited more polarized resting membrane potentials and higher protein kinase B (Akt) activity than wild-type VSMCs in response to TGF-β1 stimulation. Ischemic stress elicited by oxygen-glucose deprivation suppressed TGF-β1-induced hyperpolarization and VSMC differentiation, but this effect was abolished by TRPC6 deletion. TRPC6-mediated Ca2+ influx and depolarization coordinately promoted the interaction of TRPC6 with lipid phosphatase and tensin homolog deleted from chromosome 10 (PTEN), a negative regulator of Akt activation. Given the marked up-regulation of TRPC6 observed in vascular disorders, our findings suggest that attenuation of TRPC6 channel activity in pathologic VSMCs could be a rational strategy to maintain vascular quality control by fine-tuning of VSMC phenotypic switching.

Search for invisible Higgs boson decays in vector boson fusion at s√=13 TeV with the ATLAS detector Aaboud, M.; Aad, G.; Abbott, B.; Abdinov, O.; Abeloos, B.; Alconada Verzini, María Josefina; Alonso, Francisco; Arduh, Francisco Anuar; Dova, Maria Teresa; Hoya, Joaquín; Monticelli, Fernando Gabriel; Orellana, Gonzalo Enrique; Wahlberg, Hernan Pablo; Bossio Sola, Jonathan David; Daneri, María Florencia; Devesa, Maria Roberta; Marceca, Gino; Otero y Garzon, Gustavo Javier; Piegaia, Ricardo Nestor; Sacerdoti, Sabrina; Zinonos, Z.; Zinser, M.; Ziolkowski, M.; Živković, L.; Zobernig, G.; Zoccoli, A.; Zoch, K.; Nedden, M. zur; Zorbas, T. G.; Zou, R.; Zwalinski, L.; The ATLAS Collaboration We report a search for Higgs bosons that are produced via vector boson fusion and subsequently decay into invisible particles. The experimental signature is two energetic jets with O(1) TeV invariant mass and O(100) GeV missing transverse momentum. The analysis uses 36.1 fb−1 of pp collision data at 13 TeV recorded by the ATLAS detector at the LHC. In the signal region the 2252 observed events are consistent with the background estimation. Assuming a 125 GeV particle with Standard Model cross sections, the upper limit on the branching fraction of the Higgs boson decay into invisible particles is 0.37 at 95% CL where 0.28 was expected. This limit is interpreted in Higgs portal models to set limits on the WIMP-nucleon scattering cross section. We also consider invisible decays of additional scalar bosons with masses up to 3 TeV for which the upper limits on the cross section times branching fraction are in the range of 0.3−2.0 pb.

Time-dependent evolution of properties of fish gelatin edible films enriched with carvacrol during storage Neira Hazime, Laura Margarita; Martucci, Josefa Fabiana; Stejskal, Nadia; Ruseckaite, Roxana Alejandra The temporal stability of the physicochemical, antibacterial and antioxidant properties of fish gelatin (FG) films plasticized by glycerol (20% w/w) and supplemented with carvacrol (CRV) obtained by casting and stored at 65% RH and 25 °C, was investigated over 15 days. The level of CRV incorporated into FG film was determined from minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) values against E. coli and S. aureus. The incorporation of 0.6% w/v CRV reduced the moisture content (MC), and water vapor permeability (WVP) while kept invariable the tensile and light barrier properties, compared to the control. Additionally, CRV increased the in vitro antibacterial and antioxidant effectiveness of films. Upon storage, the sustained loss of moisture and glycerol provoked the drop of MC and WVP values of both films. Control film became stiffer and less stretchable while the active film remained mechanically time-stable. Such difference was ascribed to the increased contribution of triple helical structures in the control, as revealed by ATR-FTIR and XRD. Antibacterial effectiveness (based on disc diffusion assay) decayed from 3.1 ± 0.1 and 2.7 ± 0.3 cm for E. coli and S. aureus, respectively, to undetectable levels for both pathogens. Antioxidant power in terms of radical scavenging activity (RSA) declined to about 2.74 % of the initial value, in line with the decline of CRV level up to 13 % of its initial concentration. Overall this study proves the significance of assessing the stability of the properties of edible films before proposing any technical application.

Moving towards public policy-ready science: philosophical insights on the social-ecological systems perspective for conservation science Sala, Juan Emilio; Torchio, Gabriela María The social-ecological systems (SES) perspective stems from the need to rethink the ways humans relate to the environment, given the evidence that conventional conservation and management approaches are often ineffective in dealing with complex socio-environmental problems. The SES approach conceives non-scientific and scientific knowledge as equally necessary in the process of management and public policy formation. Thus, the adoption of the SES approach must also serve to make better decisions about what kind of science and technology would be ‘public policy-ready’ (as well as also ‘policy-relevant’); that is, a science oriented and conceived to provide concrete solutions to societal needs and demands. Here we review and reinterpret the SES perspective as a real paradigm change for conservation science. Under the lenses of philosophy, we try to untangle some weak points of the SES approach in order to advance to a conservation science closer to the process of science-based public policy creation and to enhance the intertwining with other types of knowledge. In this sense, we discuss how co-production of knowledge and decision-making process under the SES perspective are a huge step forward towards fulfilling the need to bring increasingly closer the spheres of science and policy, narrowing its interface.

Reproduction and nutritional values of the edible limpet nacella magellanica (Gastropoda: Patellogastropoda); Reproducción y valores nutricionales de la lapa comestible nacella magellanica (Gastropoda: Patellogastropoda) Nieto Vilela, Rocío Aimé; Cumplido Esmoris, Mariano José; Giorgis, Yamila González; Gil, Monica Noemi; Bigatti, Gregorio Nacella magellanica is an edible limpet that has been consumed since pre-Hispanic times by human populations along the coasts of Patagonia, but studies of its nutritional value and reproduction are not yet available. We investigated the reproductive cycle and the seasonal variation in the nutritional composition (proteins, lipids and carbohydrates) of the whole body of this limpet in order to analyse some aspects of its importance as a formal fishery resource. Throughout a single year, the spawning period extended over all months except June in males, while females spawned from late winter to spring, with an increase from August to November. The nutritional data obtained for N. magellanica are within the ranges of widely consumed species of molluscs, with annual average values of 29.8% proteins, 2.7% lipids and 1.8% carbohydrates. The best nutritional values for human consumption (highest concentration of proteins, body weight), avoiding the reproductive period, were found in April but taking into account the minimum size of capture. Our results are useful for increasing the policies aimed at managing this abundant edible limpet as a formal resource, since it is widely consumed in southern South America.; Nacella magellanica es un caracol comestible, consumido desde tiempos prehispánicos por poblaciones a lo largo de las costas patagónicas. Sin embargo, aún no existen estudios sobre sus valores nutricionales ni su ciclo reproductivo. En este trabajo se estudió el ciclo reproductivo y la variación estacional en su composición nutricional (proteínas, lípidos y carbohidratos) en todo el cuerpo de la lapa, para analizar algunos aspectos de su importancia como recurso pesquero formal. El período de liberación de gametas en los machos se extendió a lo largo de todo el año, mientras que en las hembras fue desde el invierno tardío hasta la primavera, con un incremento desde agosto a noviembre. La información nutricional obtenida para N. magellanica se encuentra dentro de los rangos de otras especies de moluscos ampliamente consumidos, con promedios anuales de proteínas de 29.8%, 2.7% de lípidos y 1.8% de carbohidratos. Los mejores valores nutricionales para el consumo humano (mayor concentración de proteínas y peso corporal), evitando el período reproductivo, se encontraron durante abril, aunque habría que tener en cuenta el tamaño mínimo de captura. Nuestros resultados son útiles para incrementar las políticas existentes para el manejo de esta abundante lapa comestible como un recurso formal, ya que es consumida ampliamente en el sur de Sudamérica.

Designing a scheduling logic controller for industry 4.0 environments Rossit, Daniel Alejandro; Tohmé, Fernando Abel; Frutos, Mariano We present a new scheduling model with the capacity of addressing autonomously reschedules of production plans. The proposed model allows to consider the evolution of an optimized schedule (pseudo optimized) and to carry out corrective actions during the execution of the schedule. These corrective actions guarantee the fulfillment of the objectives of the initial schedule with respect to the tolerance of the schedule defined by the scheduler. These tolerances are established by calculating the tolerance scheduling problem. Therefore, the rescheduling actions, instead of being triggered by events, will be activated based on the reception of realtime data collected during the production run. The data is analyzed by the logic controller in terms of scheduling efficiency using the scheduling model proposed in this paper. This model is based on Cyber-Physical Systems, proper of Industry 4.0 systems.

Gobierno corporativo en PYMES del mercado de capitales argentino: análisis de los paneles de cotización; Corporate governance in Argentinean SMEs: analysis of the quotation panels Briozzo, Anahi Eugenia; Albanese, Diana Ester; Villegas, Matías El objetivo de este trabajo es estudiar las características de gobier­no corporativo en las pymes emisoras de títulos en el mercado de capitales de la Argentina, en dos sectores de negociación: régi­men general y régimen pyme. La existencia de diferencias signifi­cativas entre ambos grupos de interés se estudia en forma bivariada mediante el test de Pearson Exact para variables binarias y test de Kruskal Wallis para las variables continuas. Posteriormente se analiza la robustez de las variables sig­nificativas empleando una regresión de mínimos cuadrados ordinarios con va­riables control. Las empresas bajo ambos regímenes no presentan diferencias en cuando a la conformación accionaria, dualidad del CEO, características del auditor externo, y participación de mujeres en la propiedad, directorio y alta gerencia. La dispersión accionaria es baja y existe una elevada concentración de la propiedad en el principal accionista directo. La participación de mujeres es baja en la propiedad, el directorio y la alta gerencia. Como diferencia signifi­cativa se observa que en el régimen general las empresas presentan directorios y cuadros gerenciales con un promedio de un integrante más.; The aim of this paper is to study the characteristics of corporate governance in small and medium enterprises (SMEs) issuing securities in the capital markets of Argentina, in two sectors of negotiation: general regime and SME regime. The existence of significant differences between both interest groups is studied in a bivariate way using the Pearson Exact test for binary variables and the Kruskal Wallis test for continuous variables. Subsequently, the robustness of the significant variables is analyzed using a regression of ordinary least squares with control variables. The companies under both regimes do not present differences in terms of shareholder structure, CEO duality, characteristics of the external auditor, and participation of women in the property, board of directors and senior management. The share dispersion is low and there is a high concentration of ownership in the main direct shareholder. The participation of women is low in the property, the board of directors and senior management. As a significant difference, it can be observed that in the general regime, companies present boards and management teams with an average of one more member.

Effects of experimental intracerebral ventricular injection of amyloid beta peptide (1-42) aggregates on daily rhythms of Aβ-degrading enzymes in the hippocampus: Relevance to Alzheimer's disease pathophysiology Castro, Andrea Grisel; Coria Lucero, Cinthia Daiana; Anzulovich Miranda, Ana Cecilia; Navigatore Fonzo, Lorena Silvina One of the main pathological features in the Alzheimer disease (AD) is the presence of senile plaques, primarily composed of Aβ peptide aggregates, in cortex and hippocampus. AD late onset, which constitutes 90% of cases, could be mainly attributable to deficiencies in the clearance of the Aß peptide. Here we show that expression of Aβ-degrading enzymes varies on a daily basis in the hippocampus. Interestingly, an intracerebroventricular injection of Aβ aggregates modified temporal patterns of Aβ-degrading proteases, as well as clock proteins (BMAL1 and RORα) and antioxidant enzymes (CAT and GPx) daily rhythms. Our findings showed that the increase of Aβ leads to the alteration of the enzymes involved in the clearance, and, consequently, to an increase of oxidative stress and alteration of the cellular redox state, affecting the functioning of the endogenous clock and daily rhythms of BMAL1, RORα and their target genes, in this disease.

Productividad y calidad de espárragos verdes masculinos en Azul, Buenos Aires, Argentina; Productivity and quality of male green asparagus in Buenos Aires, Argentina Castagnino, Ana Maria; Diaz, K. E.; Guisolis, Andrea Paola; Rogers, William John; Falavigna, A. Introducción. En el cultivo de espárrago, por tratarse de una alternativa productiva perenne, se requiere conocer la respuesta de distintos genotipos a la zona en la que se pretende introducirlos. Objetivo. El objetivo del presente trabajo fue determinar la productividad de siete híbridos masculinos italianos y un testigo americano de espárrago verde de una plantación adulta en su etapa de productividad estable. Materiales y métodos. El estudio se llevó a cabo en Azul, Argentina (19/8/2016-17/11/2016), donde se evaluaron los genotipos: Italo, Zeno, Eros, Ercole, H-668, Marte, Giove y el testigo UC-157. Se compararon plantines grandes y chicos, y dos largos de corte (22 y 17 cm). Las variables fueron: productividad comercial total fresca de turiones largos y cortos, número de turiones comerciales totales largos y cortos, peso medio de turiones largos y cortos, distribución de calibres: muy pequeño (asparagina) (A<6 mm), pequeño (S; 6-9 mm), mediano (M; 9-12 mm), grande (L; 12-16 mm), extra grande (XL; 16-18 mm) y gigante (J; >18 mm), y los defectos: turiones muy cortos, turiones espigados, turiones con daño de plagas y otros como turiones torcidos, dobles planos o enfermos. Los datos se analizaron por ANOVA (p≥0,05) y la prueba LSD restringida de Fisher. Resultados. La producción comercial promedio de primera calidad lograda con los dos largos de cosecha fue 4,41 t ha-1 (37 % turiones cortos y 63 % largos). Por planta se obtuvieron diecisiete turiones (44 % turiones cortos y 56 % largos). En número de turiones comerciales totales (267 189 turiones ha-1), Ercole, Giove, UC-157, Eros y H-668, superaron la media. Los genotipos de mayor productividad comercial fueron Giove y Ercole, mientras que por número de turiones, Eros y H-668. El principal defecto fue el espigado (93 %). Conclusiones. A fin de optimizar el rendimiento comercial y minimizar el defecto de espigado se sugiere cosechar diariamente, y emplear dos largos de corte, para incrementar el porcentaje de turiones comerciales.; Introduction. In asparagus cultivation, as it is a perennial productive alternative, evaluation is required to know the response of different genotypes to the area in which are being introduced. Objective. The aim of the present work was to determine the productivity of seven Italian male hybrids and an American control of green asparagus from an adult plantation in its stage of stable productivity. Materials and methods. The study was carried out in Azul, Argentina (19/8/2016-17/11/2016), where the following genotypes were evaluated: Italo, Zeno, Eros, Ercole, H-668, Marte, Giove, and the control UC-157. Large and small seedling and two cutting lengths (22 and 17 cm) were compared. The variables were: total fresh commercial productivity of long and short spears, number of long and short total commercial spears, mean weight of long and short spears, calibre distribution: very small (asparagina) (A<6 mm), small (S; 6-9 mm), medium (M; 9-12 mm), large (L; 12-16 mm), extra-large (XL; 16-18 mm) and giant (J; >18 mm), and the defects: very short spears, sprouted spears, plague damaged spears and other such as twisted, double or diseased spears. Data were analysed by ANOVA (p≥0.05) and Fisher’s restricted LSD test. Results. The average first quality commercial production achieved with both harvested lengths was 4.41 t ha-1 (37 % short and 63 % long spears). Seventeen spears were obtained per plant (44 % short and 56 % long spears). In number of total commercial spear (267,189 spears ha-1), Ercole, Giove, Eros, and H-668 exceeded the mean. The genotypes with the highest commercial productivity were Giove and Ercole, while by number of spears Eros and H-668. The main defect was sprouting (93 %). Conclusions. In order to optimize the commercial yield and minimize the sprouting defect, it is suggested to harvest daily and to use two cutting lengths to increase commercial spear percentage.

BODIPYs in antitumoral and antimicrobial photodynamic therapy: An integrating review Agazzi, Maximiliano Luis; Ballatore, María Belén; Durantini, Andres Matías; Durantini, Edgardo Néstor; Tomé, Augusto C. Nowadays, both cancer and infections caused by antibiotic resistant microorganisms are problems that affect the entire planet. Phototherapy (namely photodynamic therapy (PDT) and photodynamic inactivation (PDI) of microorganisms) are an alternative method for the treatment of these diseases. That requires adequate photosensitizers and, in this sense, boron-dipyrromethenes (BODIPYs) have interesting properties to act as phototherapeutic agents. In the present review, first, we describe the different strategies used to increase reactive oxygen species production. Then, we explain different architectures developed aiming to enhance the solubility of BODIPYs in biological media in order to optimize their targeting and delivery into the cells to be treated. Finally, we discuss the design of BODIPYs that are activated by specific stimuli present in the target tissues, allowing increasing the selectivity of the treatment. The data presented and discussed here show that BODIPYs are outstanding photosensitizers for the treatment of tumors and infections in the presence of oxygen and light.

A DFT+U study of H2O adsorption on the V2O5(0 0 1) surface including van der Waals interactions Ranea, Victor Alejandro Water adsorption on the V2O5(0 0 1) surface has been studied using density functional theory including van der Waals interactions (London dispersion interactions). Results reveal that molecular adsorption takes place via the oxygen atom bound to a naked vanadium atom. Water dimer and tetramer formed are stable adsorption configurations. The energy gap between the valence and conduction bands is not strongly correlated with the amount of adsorbed water. Such results are of great importance to test the potential use of the V2O5(0 0 1) surface as sensor for hazardous molecules in atmospheric conditions and in catalysis.

Del consenso a la discordia: Estado y empresas multinacionales en la era kirchnerista (Argentina, 2003-2015); From Consensus to Dissent: State and Multinational Corporations during the Kirchnerism Era (Argentina 2003-2015) Dulitzky, Alejandro En este trabajo se analiza la relación que mantuvieron las empresas multinacionales más importantes de la Argentina con los gobiernos kirchneristas durante el período 2003-2015. El análisis del contenido de las medidas económicas de la etapa, el contexto en el que fueron implementadas, y las reacciones que suscitaron en las empresas extranjeras y sus representantes, permite advertir tres momentos en la relación de éstas con el gobierno: una primera etapa caracterizada por un diálogo abierto y un auge en las negociaciones entre empresas y gobierno; un segundo período signado por el crecimiento de las tensiones y la clausura progresiva del diálogo; y una última etapa caracterizada por la centralización de las decisiones en un grupo reducido de actores estatales y una marcada distancia entre las empresas multinacionales y el gobierno.; The following paper analyzes the relationship between the most important multinational corporations in Argentina and the Kirchnerist governments during the period 2003-2015. The analysis of the content of the economic policies of the period, the context in which they were implemented, and the reactions they provoked in foreign companies and their representatives, allows us to notice three moments in the relationship between the latter and the government: a first stage characterized by an open dialogue and a boom in the negotiations between companies and the government; a second period marked by the growth of tensions and the progressive closure of the dialogue; and a last stage characterized by the centralization of the decisions in a reduced group of state actors and a marked distance between the multinational companies and the government.