Reliable replicative lifespan determination of yeast with a single-channel microfluidic chip Salzman, Valentina; Bustamante Torres, Moises Rene; Correa Tedesco, Francisco Gustavo; Tarkovski, Nahuel; Godás Willems, María José; Bravo, Joaquin Nahuel; Mercuri, Magali; Mercado, Dante G.; Berlin, Guido Matias; Bellino, Martin Gonzalo; Aguilar, Pablo Sebastián; Estrada, Laura Cecilia Saccharomyces cerevisiae is a powerful model for aging research due to its short lifespan and genetic malleability. Microfluidic devices offer an attractive approach enabling rapid monitoring of hundreds of cells during their entire replicative lifespan (RLS). Yet, key operational issues such as contaminations, cell loss, and cell-aggregates-dependent flow obstruction can hinder RLS experiments. We report the development of a microfluidic device configuration that effectively prevents flow blockage. We conducted comprehensive performance characterization, evaluating trapping efficiency, cell retention, budding orientation, and cell aggregate formation. The optimized device successfully supported long-term culturing and reliable RLS measurements of budding yeast strains. For accurate lifespan determination, a detailed workflow is provided that includes device fabrication, live microscopy setup, and characterization of cell age distribution. This work describes an accessible and reliable microfluidic device for yeast RLS studies, promoting further exploration in aging research.

Revisiting McGee’s Counterexample to Modus Ponens Rubin, Mariela; Lo Guercio, Nicolás Francisco In this paper, we provide a novel explanation of McGee’s (1985) alleged counterexample to Modus Ponens for indicative conditionals. Our strategy is to show that pragmatic phenomena interfere with intuitions concerning the acceptability of the inference. More specifically, we argue that two confounding factors at play affect our intuitions concerning the acceptability of the inference, neither of which is related to validity. First, the indefinite determiner phrase “a Republican” is ambiguous, to wit, it may receive either a specific or a non-specific reading (and as we shall see, substituting a disjunction or a definite description for the indefinite is of no help). Second, the conclusion triggers an ignorance inference concerning its antecedent. In light of this, we shall argue, McGee’s diagnosis must be rejected.

The Role of Deadwood in the Carbon Cycle: Implications for Models, Forest Management, and Future Climates Wijas, Baptiste J.; Allison, Steven D.; Austin, Amy Theresa; Cornwell, William K.; Cornelissen, J. Hans C.; Eggleton, Paul; Fraver, Shawn; Ooi, Mark K.J.; Powell, Jeff R.; Woodall, Christopher W.; Zanne, Amy E. Deadwood represents a significant carbon pool and unique biodiversity reservoir in forests and savannas but has been largely overlooked until recently. Storage and release of carbon from deadwood is controlled by interacting decomposition drivers including biotic consumers (animals and microbes) and abiotic factors (water, fire, sunlight, and freeze–thaw). Although previous research has focused mainly on forests, we synthesize deadwood studies across diverse ecosystems with woody vegetation. As changing climates and land-use practices alter the landscape, we expect accelerating but variable rates of inputs and outputs from deadwood pools. Currently, Earth system models implicitly represent only microbial consumers as drivers of wood decomposition; we show that many other factors influence deadwood pools. Forest management practices increasingly recognize deadwood as an important contributor to forest dynamics, biodiversity, and carbon budgets. Together, emerging knowledge from modeling and management suggests a growing need for additional research on deadwood contributions to carbon storage and greenhouse gas emissions.

Desafíos y transformación en la era digital: el programa de formación en alfabetización informacional de la Biblioteca Central UNSAM; Challenges and transformation in the digital era: the information literacy training program of the UNSAM Central Library Provenzano, Florencia Noemí; More, Sabrina Fernanda; Messina, Lara Amalia En este artículo las autoras reflexionan sobre la transformación de los serviciosbibliotecarios en apoyo a las nuevas necesidades y expectativas de la comunidaduniversitaria, con especial mención al servicio de referencia y el rol educativo de lasbibliotecas. Se destaca la contribución de la biblioteca para el desarrollo de lasactividades sustantivas de la institución y se presenta el caso de la Biblioteca Central dela Universidad Nacional de San Martín, que desde su creación y puesta en marcha en2010 diseñó e implementó un programa de formación en Alfabetización Informacional(ALFIN) que continúa en crecimiento. Se expone la evolución del programa ALFIN, susinicios y adaptaciones a los contextos vividos, manteniendo siempre la premisa demejorar en pos de las necesidades de los usuarios. Se concluye enfatizando laimportancia del trabajo colaborativo con las distintas áreas de la universidad para lograrun servicio transversal e integrador.; In this article the authors reflect on the transformation of library services in support of the new needs and expectations of the university community, with special mention to the reference service and the educational role of libraries. The contribution of the library to the development of the substantive activities of the institution is highlighted and the case of the Central Library of the National University of San Martín is presented, which since its creation and launch in 2010 designed and implemented a training in Information Literacy (ALFIN) that continues to grow. The evolution of the ALFIN program is explained, its beginnings and adaptations to the contexts experienced, always maintaining the premise of improving in pursuit of the needs of the users. It concludes by emphasizing the importance of collaborative work with the different areas of the university to achieve a transversal and integrative service.

Readings and Uses of Arendt in Latin America: Milestones of her Reception in Argentina, Mexico and Colombia Di Pego, Anabella Der Beitrag untersucht die Arendt-Rezeption in Lateinamerika unter besonderer Berücksichtigungder wichtigen Stationen in Mexiko, Kolumbien und Argentinien. Ich befasse mich mit frühen Veröffentlichungen und Übersetzungen von Arendts Texten sowie mit ihrer Lektüre in Mexiko und Kolumbien durch progressive liberale Kräfte in den 1970er-Jahren. In Argentinien fand Arendt Anklang im linken (akademischen und militanten) Sektor. Ab den 1980er-Jahren gab es eine breite Rezeption von Arendts Denken, die ersten Bücher über Arendt wurden veröffentlicht. Ihr Denken wurde im Zusammenhang mit den Verbrechen der Militärdiktaturen und im Transitionsprozess zur Demokratie genutzt und neu angeeignet.

Robust Controller Design for a Grid-Connected VSI via an LCL Filter in the Presence of Unknown Grid Impedance Gonzalez, Juan Manuel; Busada, Claudio; Solsona, Jorge Alberto Inverters connected to the grid can become unstable under specific grid impedance conditions. In order to find a solution to this problem, it is possible to ensure system stability and their robustness to R-L type grid impedances by satisfying two conditions. The first condition is to ensure that the closed-loop poles of the system are in stable positions to variations in the grid impedance. The second condition is reliant on the admittance model of the equivalent circuit. Specifically, the product of this admittance and the grid impedance must adhere to the Nyquist stability criterion. In this work, the stability of the converter connected to the grid through an LCL filter is analysed. For this purpose, the output admittance is modelled in the Laplace domain taking into account the behaviour of the discrete controller. In addition, to ensure that the closed-loop poles are in stable positions, the system open-loop response is analysed. These two conditions are examined across scenarios where system states are partially or completely fed back, for different system parameter values. Consequently, a robust controller is designed for variations of the R-L type grid impedance.

Seasonal seminal quality variations and vitrification prospects in black flounder Paralichthys orbignyanus Zalazar, Lucia; Nicolli, Anabella Rita; López, A. V.; Radonic, J. M.; Cesari, Andreina Long-term preservation of gametes has been identified as a tool to improve broodstock management and increase the number of juveniles produced by artificial fertilization. Paralichthys orbignyanus is an important commercial and recreational species distributed in marine and estuarine waters from Rio de Janeiro (Brazil) to the San Matías Gulf (Argentina). This work focused on studying the seminal quality of tank-reared P. orbignyanus, demonstrating that males are fluent year-round, with the highest yields at the early reproductive season. Fresh sperm exhibited good forward swimming, and samples could be refrigerated up to 48 h while retaining their motility after activation. The optimal conditions for P. orbignyanus sperm motility activation were established as 950 mOsmol/Kg and pH values between 7 and 7.9. Additionally, a well-defined protocol for semen vitrification was developed to assess the cryotolerance of this species´ sperm. We successfully produced high-quality sperm samples, using two vitrification formulations containing trehalose and both z-1000 and x-1000 polymers, that can be used in a near-future in vitro embryo production program.

From Beer to Cheese: Characterization of Caseinolytic and Milk-Clotting Activities of Proteases Derived from Brewer’s Spent Grain (BSG) Villegas, Maximiliano Matías; Silva, Johana Nair; Tito, Florencia Rocio; Tonón, Claudia Virginia; Muñoz, Fernando Felipe; Pepe, Alfonso; Guevara, Maria Gabriela This study explores the extraction and characterization of proteolytic enzymes from brewer’s spent grain (BSG) and their potential as sustainable coagulants in the dairy industry. BSG samples from various beer types (Blonde Ale, IPA, Kölsch, Honey, and Porter) were obtained from two artisanal breweries in Mar del Plata, Argentina. Optimization of caseinolytic activity (CA) and protein extraction was conducted using a Plackett–Burman design, followed by a Box–Behnken design. Optimal protein concentration was achieved at intermediate pH and high temperature, while CApeaked at pH8.0. The specific caseinolytic activity (SCA) varied among the extracts, with BSG3 showing the highest activity (99.6 U mg−1) and BSG1 the lowest (60.4 U mg−1). Protease inhibitor assays suggested the presence of aspartic, serine, metallo, and cysteine proteases. BSG3 and BSG4 showed the highest hydrolysis rates for α-casein (70% and 78%). For κ-casein, BSG1, BSG2, and BSG3 demonstrated moderate activity (56.5%, 49%, and 55.8), while BSG4 and BSG5 exhibited the lowest activity. Additionally, the milk-clotting activity (MCA) of BSG extracts was comparable to plant-based coagulants like Cynara cardunculus and Ficus carica. These findings highlight the potential of BSG-derived proteases as alternative coagulants for cheese production, offering a sustainable link between the brewing and dairy industries.

El punitivismo: Sus dimensiones desde una perspectiva psicológica y su incidencia en Argentina; El punitivisme: Les seves dimensions des d'una perspectiva psicològica i la seva incidència a l'Argentina; Punitivism: Its dimensions from a psychological perspective and its impact in Argentina Roca, Marcelo Agustin; Espósito Santamaría, Ariana; Casella, Florencia; Duhalde, Nahuel Hugo Ezequiel El punitivismo en sus comienzos fue abordado desde una perspectiva político penal. En la misma se observa esta demanda punitiva por parte de los ciudadanos ante la tendencia de políticas más severas. En los últimos años, el punitivismo se ha enfocado en otras áreas de interés como los medios de comunicación, la sociología y la psicología. A pesar de tener una extensa literatura académica, este constructo presenta escasas investigaciones en el ámbito psicológico. Es por ello que el objetivo de este trabajo fue indagar la relación que posee la tendencia punitiva con las motivaciones al castigo desde una perspectiva psicológica. Para ello, el presente trabajo consta de una revisión literaria, para la cual se utilizó información de diferentes repertorios, buscando una mirada global del punitivismo; y luego una puntualización en el contexto argentino. En conclusión, se ha encontrado extensa literatura sobre el punitivismo especializado sobre sus orígenes, metodologías y la relación de factores sociodemográficos en la tendencia punitiva. Sin embargo, con respecto a la relación existente entre el punitivismo y variables psicológicas; experiencias de victimización, los medios de comunicación y la necesidad de cierre cognitivo, las investigaciones al respecto tienden a ser escasas. Futuras investigaciones podrían relacionar el fenómeno del punitivismo relacionado con los aspectos psicológicos, como emocional y cognitivo, generando un conocimiento novedoso al territorio argentino.; El punitivisme en els seus començaments va ser abordat des d'una perspectiva polític penal. En la mateixa s'observa aquesta demanda punitiva per part dels ciutadans davant la tendència de polítiques més severes. En els últims anys, el punitivisme s'ha enfocat en altres àrees d'interès com els mitjans de comunicació, la sociologia i la psicologia. Malgrat tenir una extensa literatura acadèmica, aquest constructe presenta escasses recerques en l'àmbit psicològic. És per això que l'objectiu d'aquest treball va ser indagar la relació que posseeix la tendència punitiva amb les motivacions al càstig des d'una perspectiva psicològica. Per a això, el present treball consta d'una revisió literària, per a la qual es va utilitzar informació de diferents repertoris, buscant una mirada global del punitivisme; i després una puntualització en el context argentí. En conclusió, s'ha trobat extensa literatura sobre el punitivisme especialitzat sobre els seus orígens, metodologies i la relació de factors sociodemogràfics en la tendència punitiva. No obstant això, respecte a la relació existent entre el punitivisme i variables psicològiques; experiències de victimització, els mitjans de comunicació i la necessitat de tancament cognitiu, les recerques sobre aquest tema tendeixen a ser escasses. Futures recerques podrien relacionar el fenomen del punitivisme amb els aspectes psicològics, com a emocional i cognitiu, generant un coneixement nou al territori argentí.; In its beginning, punitivism was approached from a political-criminal perspective. In this context, a punitive demand from citizens is observed in response to the trend of more severe policies. In recent years, punitivism has focused on other areas of interest such as the media, sociology, and psychology. Despite having extensive academic literature, this construct presents scarce research in the psychological field. Therefore, the objective of this work was to investigate the relationship between punitive tendencies and motivations for punishment from a psychological perspective. To this end, the present work consists of a literature review, for which information from different repertoires was used, seeking a global view of punitivism; and then a focus on the Argentine context. In conclusion, extensive literature has been found on punitivism specialized in its origins, methodologies, and the relationship of sociodemographic factors in punitive tendencies. However, regarding the relationship between punitivism and psychological variables; victimization experiences, the media, and the need for cognitive closure, research on this topic tends to be scarce. Future research could relate the phenomenon of punitivism to psychological aspects, such as emotional and cognitive, generating novel knowledge for the Argentine territory.

Novelties on field crickets (Orthoptera: Gryllidae) from Argentine Patagonia: First record of Gryllus (Gryllus) argentinus Saussure, 1874 and a new species of Miogryllus Saussure, 1877 Castelli, Lucas Emanuel; Cadena Castañeda, Oscar J.; Mariottini, Yanina; Cheli, German Horacio Orthoptera are insects that have been widely studied in Argentina and worldwide. However, some groups such as the suborder Ensifera, have received less attention, and their knowledge is scarce. This work reports the presence of the genus Miogryllus (Saussure) in the Chubut Province for the first time (this being the southernmost distribution of the genus), describes a new species for science, and expands the distribution of Gryllus (Gryllus) argentinus (Saussure) to this province. Although about a third of the material studied came from the biogeographic province of Patagonia, it is interesting that both Miogryllus patagonicus sp. nov. like G. (G.) argentinus were exclusively found in sites belonging to the Monte desert, to the east of Chubut Province. Furthermore, all sites where M. patagonicus sp. nov. was collected were characterized by the absence of sheep activity for at least 10 years or by the implementation of environmental remediation strategies. This work represents a valuable contribution to understanding the distribution pattern of the Gryllidae family in Argentine Patagonia and has the potential to enhance current conservation strategies for these fragile ecosystems, as these insects could be good indicators of environmental changes.

El viaje del argentino César Vásquez a los Estados Unidos del Brasil (1941): Entre internacionalizar y hacer una Educación Física nacional; The Journey of the Argentinian César Vásquez to the United States of Brazil (1941): Balancing Internationalism and National Physical Education Galak, Eduardo; Pereyra, Martín Alejandro; Kopelovich, Pablo La Dirección General de Educación Física fue una dependencia del Ministerio de Justicia e Instrucción Pública de la Nación que funcionó entre 1938 y 1947, una institución que pretendió marcar un antes y después en la disciplina en Argentina. Tuvo como único director a César Vásquez, una figura relevante de la historia de la Educación Física argentina. Se propone analizar el viaje que Vásquez realizó a Brasil en el año 1941, enmarcado en un panamericanismo que convivía con discursos nacionalistas. Se trató de un viaje que inauguró una serie de intercambios entre autoridades de la Educación Física de ambos países, lo cual permite ver la imagen que se propusieron proyectar a la Nación vecina. Se utilizan como fuentes los artículos periodísticos que siguieron minuciosamente el viaje y los boletines del mencionado Ministerio que enmarcan esos intercambios. Se concluye que la institucionalización de la Educación Física argentina mostró una fuerte vinculación con organismos nacionales e internacionales y que el viaje significó una apertura transnacional para conformar la disciplina en contraste con lo realizado en otros países, en el marco de un panamericanismo que permite cuestionar la exclusiva dominación europea. Además, se observa que lo que se “mostró” a Brasil, pese a que se presentó como lo acontecido en toda Argentina, daba cuenta de forma exclusiva de lo realizado en Capital Federal y sus alrededores, lo que exhibe que el discurso federalizador de la Dirección General estaba centrado en las grandes ciudades.; The General Directorate of Physical Education (“Dirección General de Educación Física”), a branch of the Ministry of Justice and Public Instruction of Argentina, operated from 1938 to 1947, marking a significant era in the discipline within the country. Its sole director, César Vásquez, stands as a prominent figure in the history of Argentine Physical Education. This article aims to analyze Vásquez's 1941 trip to Brazil, which was positioned within a Pan- American context that coexisted with nationalist narratives. This journey initiated a series of exchanges between the Physical Education authorities of both countries, revealing the image they intended to project to their neighbor. The sources utilized include detailed newspaper articles covering the trip and bulletins from the aforementioned Ministry, which contextualize these exchanges. The analysis concludes that the institutionalization of Argentine Physical Education exhibited a strong connection with both national and international organizations. Vásquez's trip marked a transnational opening, shaping the discipline in contrast to practices in other countries and challenging the exclusive European dominance within the framework of Pan-Americanism. Additionally, it is noted that the aspects showcased to Brazil, although presented as representative of all Argentina, predominantly highlighted developments in the Federal Capital and its surroundings. This underscores that the federalizing discourse of the General Directorate was primarily centered on the major cities.

Análisis de la movilidad eléctrica en el contexto del transporte sostenible en Argentina; Analysis of electric mobility in the context of sustainable transport in Argentina Chemes, Jorge; Molinari, Luis; Mansur, Sergio Luis La transición energética en América Latina está instalada en diversos ámbitos, y atender la movilidad resulta crucial ya que en la región es el sector que más energía demanda. Este trabajo tiene como objetivo analizar el rumbo de la planificación de la transición energética en el sector transporte en Argentina, teniendo en cuenta el Plan Nacional de Transporte Sostenible, los datos del mercado y fundamentalmente los lineamientos de acciones que determinarán el futuro del transporte de personas en nuestro territorio. Todo lo anterior enmarcado en la velocidad de respuesta que debe darse para encausar la baja de las emisiones de manera tal de cumplir con los objetivos comprometidos, pero también para brindar las herramientas necesarias a los actores de la economía de Argentina en términos de acceso a mercados internacionales exigentes con la reducción de emisiones en origen. Los resultados acusan que en un plazo de 10 a 15 años no estarían dadas las condiciones técnicas y económicas para sincronizar las agendas de la movilidad eléctrica y la descarbonización en Argentina con un desarrollo local.; Energy transition in Latin America is being discussed in several sectors. Addressing mobility is critical, being the largest energy consumer in the region. This paper examines the trajectory of energy transition planning in Argentina`s transportation sector, taking into account the National Plan for Sustainable Transportation, market data, and strategic guidelines that Will shape the future of passenger transportation in the country. This analysis considers the urgency of reducing emissions to meet established targets and to equip Argentina`s economic actors with the tools to access international markets that require emissions reductions. The findings suggest that over the next 10 to 15 years, Argentina may face challenges aligning its electric mobility and decarbonization efforts with local development due to insufficient technical and economic conditions.

Thermodynamics of irreversible processes approach applied to explain the functional responsiveness of lipid membranes Cejas, Jimena del Pilar; Rosa, Antonio Sebastián; González Paz, Agustín Nicolás; Frías, María de los Ángeles; Disalvo, Edgardo Anibal The lipid membrane interphase is treated as a binary solution composed of polar head groups, with their hydration shells sunk in water, different from the bulk. This type of water is exchangeable with adjacent media according to the lateral surface pressure and water activity. Thus, the water influxes and effluxes at constant temperature and in the absence of an electric field, driven by the changes in surface pressure (surface tension) and the osmotic gradient (water activity), are coupled through phenomenological coefficients reflecting water-lipid and lipid-water frictions that relate to the diffusion of water in lipids and diffusion of lipids in water as described by the thermodynamics of irreversible processes (TIP) approach. Thus, the experimental surface pressure/area per molecule isotherms for monolayers can be fitted satisfactorily in contrast to the classical gas model. Hydrogen bond arrangements between water and membrane components determine a unique surface tension of water (surface free energy profile). Each surface pressure/water activity pair defines a particular steady state of the interphase, which explains its responsive behavior when chased by physical and chemical perturbations.

Drones en arqueología: relevamiento fotogramétrico del Pucará de Tacuil en el valle Calchaquí medio, Salta, Argentina; Drones in archeology: phogrammetric survey of the Pucará de Tacuil in the medio Calchaquí valley, Salta, Argentina Lanzelotti, Sonia Laura; Peña Reinoso, Rafael; Williams, Veronica Isabel En este trabajo se presentan los resultados del relevamiento fotogramétrico completo efectuado sobre un sitio del Periodo de Desarrollos Regionales (ca. 1000- 1430 d. C), el Pucará de Tacuil, en la provincia de Salta, Argentina. La restitución fotogramétrica se realizó a partir de fotografías aéreas capturadas con dos drones, que cubrieron los tres sectores que conforman este sitio arqueológico. Los productos cartográficos obtenidos fueron un Modelo Digital de Elevación (MDE) y una ortofoto de alta resolución del área a partir de los cuales se detectaron, caracterizaron, registraron y midieron las estructuras arqueológicas del sitio. Se expone la problemática arqueológica que rodea al lugar con sus características de poblado pucará y se realiza un análisis sobre la organización socioespacial inferida a partir de las evidencias arqueológicas detectadas.; The the results of a complete photogrammetric survey carried out on a site from the Regional Development Period (ca. 1000-1430 AD), the Pucará de Tacuil, in the province of Salta, Argentina, are shown. The photogrammetric restitution was carried out from aerial photographs captured with two drones, which covered the three sectors that make up this archaeological site. The cartographic products obtained were a Digital Elevation Model and a high-resolution ortophoto of the area from which the archaeological structures of the site were detected, characterized, recorded and measured. The archaeological problems surrounding the site with its characteristics of a pucará settlement are presented and an analysis is made of the socio-spatial organization inferred from the archaeological evidence detected.

Archivos digitales y sujetos coloniales: una relación tensionada; Digital archives and colonial subjects: a tense relationship Añon, Valeria En este trabajo me propongo recorrer los vínculos entre subjetividades coloniales y archivos digitales con el objetivo de comprender las posibilidades y los desafíos que estos modos del archivo presentan para la investigación literaria e histórica. Para ello, organizo el texto en tres zonas: un primer momento que me permita dilucidar qué se entiende por “sujetos coloniales” y cuáles son sus problemas, pensados desde la perspectiva de los estudios literarios; un segundo momento en el que me interrogo acerca de “lo popular” en esta configuración de subjetividades; un tercer momento en el que propongo un recorrido en torno a algunos archivos digitales y proyectos de Humanidades digitales vinculados con un corpus colonial. Por último, esbozo un cierre en el que presento las posibilidades y los desafíos de los archivos digitales para la inscripción y resguardo de voces populares-coloniales.; In this paper I explore the links between colonial subjectivities and digital archives with the aim of understanding the possibilities and challenges that these modes of archiving present for literary and historical research. To this end, I organise the text in three areas: a first moment that allows me to elucidate what is understood by ‘colonial subjects’ and what are their problems, thought from the perspective of literary studies; a second moment in which I question myself about ‘the popular’ in this configuration of subjectivities; a third moment in which I propose a journey around some digital archives and digital humanities projects linked to a colonial corpus. Finally, I outline a closing section in which I present the possibilities and challenges of digital archives for the inscription and safeguarding of popularcolonial voices.

Delineating genomic features for wild guanaco conservation Leggieri, Leonardo Ramón; Anello, Melina; Peralta, Diego Matias; Tunez, Juan Ignacio; Di Rocco, Florencia; Poljak, Sebastián; Flores, Celina Eliana; Alunni, Daniela Verónica; Belardi, Juan Bautista; Gutierrez, Maria Amelia; Alvarez, María Clara; Massigoge, Agustina; Kaufmann, Cristian Ariel; Borrero, Luis Alberto; Borghi, Carlos Eduardo; Demartini, Julieta Paola; Petracci, Pablo; Martín, Sotelo; Marbán, Leandro Martín; Kathiravan, Periasamy; Rudolf, Pichler; Valdez Marín, Juan Carlos; Cárcamo, Juan Guillermo; Carmanchahi, Pablo Daniel The South American fauna has endured challenges such as illegal hunting, cattle expansion, climate change, and landscape fragmentation. Despite ongoing conservation efforts that aim to address these issues, genetic diversity remains overlooked. We genotyped 126 Lama guanicoe individuals from an area of 2 million km2 in Patagonia and Cuyo using the 60K SNPs Axiom-Camelids, and we assessed population viability through genetic diversity, inbreeding, and population size. We then explored population connectivities through network analyses, genetic differentiation, and Bayesian approaches. Our findings reveal six genetic clusters: Cuyo, Somuncura, North Patagonia, Central Patagonia, South Patagonia, and Tierra del Fuego Island (TDFI). Cuyo and TDFI guanacos differed from others due to isolation-by-distance and geographical barriers, respectively. Cuyo exhibited the highest degree of allele conservation, but TDFI faced heightened vulnerability due to isolation and increased homozygosity. Sharp bottlenecks in Cuyo and North Patagonia coincided with the expansion of sheep farming, while bottlenecks in the other populations occurred during the Little Ice Age. North Patagonia acted as a probable contact zone, facilitating mixing of the Cuyo, Somuncura, and Central Patagonia populations. The Central and South Patagonian populations presented the highest gene flow. Thus, genomic advances help to define distinct conservation units (genetic stocks) to guide management practices and decisions.

Assembling the Brazilian flora: overview of Leguminosae diversity Morim, Marli Pires; Filardi, Fabiana Luiza Ranzato; Sartori, Ângela Lúcia Bagnatori; Simon, Marcelo Fragomeni Simon; Iganci, João Ricardo Vieira; Lewis, Gwilym P.; de Lima, Haroldo Cavalcante; Lughadha, Eimear Nic; Fernandes, Moabe Ferreira; de Queiroz, Luciano Paganucci; Cardoso, Domingos; Morales, Matias Over the last two centuries, since the treatment of Leguminosae in Flora Brasiliensis, many new legume species and genera have been described, adding to the accumulated body of knowledge on species’ circumscriptions and distribution, published in monographs, taxonomic revisions and regional floristic treatments of specific Brazilian phytogeographic domains. The Flora do Brasil 2020 project was a collaborative effort conducted between 2008 and 2020 to meet the targets set by the Global Strategy for Plant Conservation, an initiative of the Convention on Biological Diversity. The project aimed to inventory and revise the taxonomy of all plant species in Brazil, including Leguminosae. The monograph of the legume family was carried out by a team of 102 taxonomists (10% of the project’s total), who worked towards updating and verifying the taxonomy of these plants in an online platform. Information on the life forms, substrate, endemism level, and geographical distribution for all accepted taxa were provided, alongside morphological descriptions, identification keys, images of herbarium specimens and field photographs. In this work, we have extracted from the Flora do Brasil 2020 project the legume data consolidated on December 31st, 2020 to provide an overview of the species diversity of Leguminosae in Brazil and its distribution across phytogeographic domains. The results revealed that the family is represented by 220 genera, of which 19 are endemic, and a total of 2901 species (1576 endemic). After fully monographing 210 genera (95%), we showcased Leguminosae as the most diverse family in the country, representing 6% of the total vascular plant species documented in the Flora do Brasil 2020. The species are found in all phytogeographic domains, exhibiting a wide range of life forms. The Mata Atlântica and Caatinga domains together contain the largest number of endemic legume genera in Brazil, most of them monospecific.A discussion on the conservation status of the Brazilian legume species is also provided. Knowledge of the Brazilian flora is continuously advancing, particularly with regards to Leguminosae, demanding regular taxonomic and nomenclatural updates.Current collaborations have greatly improved our understanding of legume diversity and distribution, providing evidence to inform conservation prioritization and action for the Leguminosae in Brazil’s megadiverse flora.

Cuidados alimentarios de niños, niñas y adolescentes de familias usuarias de un comedor popular del asentamiento urbano La Carbonilla Comelatto, Agustina; Gonzalez, Yamila Anahi; Grabowiecki, Paula Valeria; Marsilla, Malena; Mancinelli, Gloria En los últimos años, el concepto de cuidado infantil ha ido variando y surge como relevante en un contexto donde el cuidado empieza a pensarse como una actividad que requiere ser problematizada, dando lugar a un enriquecedor campo de discusión. El presente trabajo de investigación busca analizar y comprender la articulación entre los diferentes actores, instituciones y el cuidado alimentario de niños, niñas y adolescentes (NNyA) de familias que asisten al comedor popular “Polo Obrero La Carbonilla” situado en dicho barrio, considerando la influencia de factores socioculturales y económicos en la formación de sus hábitos alimentarios. Para llevar adelante el estudio elegimos un enfoque cualitativo, y para la recolección de datos utilizamos fuentes primarias como la observación participante, entrevistas en profundidad y encuestas, y también fuentes secundarias como páginas web e informes de centros de investigación, que permitieron complementar los datos recogidos en terreno. La investigación nos permitió desentrañar el concepto de cuidado de NNyA, un proceso sociocultural, el cual consideramos como una vía de acceso para explorar conceptos de construcción de la niñez en diferentes situaciones y contextos. Además, observamos que el rol de los comedores populares es fundamental no sólo para asegurar el derecho de NNyA a no padecer hambre, sino también como un espacio donde se resalta la relevancia del cuidado como una acción social, colectiva e interdisciplinaria.; In recent years, the concept of childcare has been changing and emerges as relevant in a context where care is beginning to be thought of as an activity that requires to be problematized, giving rise to an enriching field of discussion. The present research work seeks to analyze and understand the articulation between the different actors, institutions and the nutritional care of children and adolescents (C&A) from families that attend the “Polo Obrero La Carbonilla” soup kitchens located in said neighborhood, considering the influence of sociocultural and economic factors in the formation of their eating habits. To carry out the study, we chose a qualitative approach and for data collection we used both primary sources such as participant observation, in-depth interviews and surveys, as well as secondary sources such as websites and reports from research centers, which allowed us to complement the data collected on the ground. The research allowed us to unravel the concept of child care, a sociocultural process, which we consider as an access route to explore concepts of childhood construction in different situations and contexts. Furthermore, we observed that the role of soup kitchens is fundamental not only to ensure the right of children and adolescents to not suffer from hunger, but also as a space where the relevance of care as a social, collective and interdisciplinary action is highlighted.

Advancing the design of heterogeneous catalyst: Copper-montmorillonite for regioselective alkyne hydroamination Alonso, María Belén; Radivoy, Gabriel Eduardo; Mancebo Aracil, Juan Transition metal catalysts supported on natural materials offer promising avenues for sustainable organic synthesis. In this study, we present the synthesis, characterisation, and catalytic performance of copper nanoparticles supported on montmorillonite K10 (CuMK10) as a heterogeneous catalyst for hydroamination reactions. CuMK10, synthesised through a robust and established nanoparticle synthesis methodology, demonstrates remarkable catalytic efficiency and selectivity in the synthesis of imines via hydroamination of terminal alkynes. The catalyst exhibits exceptional regioselectivity, predominantly yielding Markovnikov products, demonstrating its potential as a versatile tool in organic synthesis. Moreover, CuMK10 shows favourable reusability, offering economic benefits and practical utility due to its ease of recovery and reuse. Comprehensive structural and mechanistic studies provide insights into the catalyst's performance, paving the way for the development of efficient and environmentally benign catalytic systems.

Tunneling Current Calculation Using the Linear-Bound Potential Model Ferreyra, Jorge Mario; Bridoux, German; Villegas Andina, Atuel Elías; Tolosa, Martín Rodrigo; Villafuerte, Manuel Jose A model of the tunneling current through an ultrathin insulating barrier comingfrom carriers in an inversion layer using a simple linear potential model ispresented. This model provides analytical expressions for the wavefunctions ofthese carriers and simple equations to obtain numerically their correspondingeigenvalues. These expressions can be inserted in the tunneling current equationallowing a more simple understanding of the physics involved in this tunnelingproblem. As an example, one can fit the experimental results for the leakagecurrent obtained by different authors in planar metal oxide semiconductor fieldeffect transistors and also in a LaAlO3/SrTiO3 and a HfO2/Ge bilayer. Themodification of the tunneling current when the dielectric constant is increased,a subject of interest in device applications, is explored.