Aporte metodológico para la construcción cuantitativa de un índice sintético de vulnerabilidad: Análisis espacial de la vulnerabilidad ante COVID-19 en los municipios de la cuenca del río Luján; Methodological contribution for the quantitative construction of a synthetic vulnerability index: spatial analysis of covid-19 vulnerability in the municipalities of the Lujan River basin Montes Galbán, Eloy José En el presente trabajo se propone una metodología para el abordaje de la vulnerabilidad desde laperspectiva del análisis espacial cuantitativo con Sistemas de Información Geográfica (SIG). Sepropone una estrategia metodológica de tipo aditiva/ponderada que permite la construcción de uníndice sintético de vulnerabilidad a través de la integración de factores que componen lavulnerabilidad ante COVID-19. Como resultado principal se obtuvo una cartografía síntesis con ladistribución espacial de los diferentes grados de vulnerabilidad ante COVID-19 en los municipiosde la cuenca del río Luján. Los aportes de los estudios geográficos sobre vulnerabilidad sonfundamentales para soportar la toma de decisiones y conducir las acciones en el territorio demanera focalizada, sumando de este modo, una herramienta de alto valor geoestratégico.; This paperwork presents a methodology for addressing vulnerability from the perspective of quantitative spatial analysis with Geographic Information Systems (GIS). It is proposed an additive weighting methodological strategy that allows the construction of a synthetic index of vulnerability through the integration of factors that make up vulnerability to COVID-19. As the main result, it was obtained a synthesis mapping which shows the spatial distribution of the different degrees of vulnerability to COVID -19 in the municipalities of the Lujan river basin. The contributions of geographic studies on vulnerability are essential to support making decision and conduct actions in the territory in a focused manner, thus adding a tool of high geostrategic value.

A Double-Auction Mechanism for Distribution of Electrical Supply Capacities among Enterprises of an Industrial Park Rocchi, Ariel Mariano; Fernández, Érica Soledad; Vega, Jorge Ruben Typically, an industry contracts a given electrical supply capacity to the energy distribution company for a relatively long time period. Such kind of contract is often expensive for the industry, because large supply capacities must be considered in order to avoid penalty fees due to an eventually high peak power demand that could occur even along a short time period. This paper proposes a dynamic strategy for simultaneously assigning the price and the fraction of power supply capacity to every industry located in an industrial park. The assignment strategy aims at reaching a joint benefit for all the involved enterprises (i.e., the industries and the energy distribution company). The proposed procedure involves 3 sequential algorithms. The strategy for supply capacity re-assignment is based on a double-auction mechanism, which can be applied at time periods of arbitrary duration. The proposal is evaluated on the basis of two synthetic examples that involve different number of industries and electric power consumptions.

Galectin-1 fosters an immunosuppressive microenvironment in colorectal cancer by reprogramming CD8+ regulatory T cells Cagnoni, Alejandro; Giribaldi, María Laura; Blidner, Ada Gabriela; Cutine, Anabela María; Gatto, Sabrina Gisela; Morales, Rosa María; Salatino, Mariana; Abba, Martín Carlos; Croci Russo, Diego Omar; Mariño, Karina Valeria; Rabinovich, Gabriel Adrián Colorectal cancer (CRC) represents the third most common malignancy and the second leading cause of cancer-related deaths worldwide. Although immunotherapy has taken center stage in mainstream oncology, it has shown limited clinical efficacy in CRC, generating an urgent need for discovery of new biomarkers and potential therapeutic targets. Galectin-1 (Gal-1), an endogenous glycan-binding protein, induces tolerogenic programs and contributes to tumor cell evasion of immune responses. Here, we investigated the relevance of Gal-1 in CRC and explored its modulatory activity within the CD8+ regulatory T cell (Treg) compartment. Mice lacking Gal-1 (Lgals1−/−) developed a lower number of tumors and showed a decreased frequency of a particular population of CD8+CD122+PD-1+ Tregs in the azoxymethane-dextran sodium sulfate model of colitis-associated CRC. Moreover, silencing of tumor-derived Gal-1 in the syngeneic CT26 CRC model resulted in reduced number and attenuated immunosuppressive capacity of CD8+CD122+PD-1+ Tregs, leading to slower tumor growth. Moreover, stromal Gal-1 also influenced the fitness of CD8+ Tregs, highlighting the contribution of both tumor and stromal-derived Gal-1 to this immunoregulatory effect. Finally, bioinformatic analysis of a colorectal adenocarcinoma from The Cancer Genome Atlas dataset revealed a particular signature characterized by high CD8+ Treg score and elevated Gal-1 expression, which delineates poor prognosis in human CRC. Our findings identify CD8+CD122+PD-1+ Tregs as a target of the immunoregulatory activity of Gal-1, suggesting a potential immunotherapeutic strategy for the treatment of CRC.

Are strigolactones a key in plant–parasitic nematodes interactions? An intriguing question Marro, Nicolás Alejandro; Caccia, Milena Guadalupe; López-Ráez, Juan Antonio Plant parasitic nematodes (PPNs) are among the most important pests in agriculture. Chemical inputs are widely used for their control; however, the negative impact of these agrochemicals on environmental and human health is a current concern. Biological control and interventions on rhizosphere signaling are promising ecofriendly alternatives for managing these pests in the field. Nevertheless, the molecular mechanisms involved in plant-PPN interaction need to be unraveled in order to develop appropriate management strategies. Strigolactones (SLs) are phytohormones that are exuded from roots, acting as signaling molecules in the rhizosphere. They are important cues in the establishment of arbuscular mycorrhizal and Rhizobium-legume symbioses. Recently, it has been shown that SLs can also affect the interaction between plants and certain PPN species; however, data are scarce and ambiguous. Some studies propose that SLs positively regulate PPN species performance acting as attractants to roots, or by inhibiting plant defense responses. On the contrary, other studies suggest that SLs could negatively regulate PPN performance by reducing abscisic acid, or by promoting plant interactions with beneficial soil microorganisms. In the present Opinion paper, we discuss these controversial results and propose future research challenges to develop new management strategies against these harmful PPN species.

Reproductive traits in four spontaneous Pappophorum vaginatum populations in arid Argentina Entio, Lisandro Jose; Mujica, Maria de la Merced; Busso, Carlos Alberto; Torres, Yanina Alejandra Arid zones, where native rangelands are common, are essentials for millions of people livelihood. These areas support 50% of the world's livestock and are where 44% of the world's food is grown. In rangelands of Central Argentina, Pappophorum vaginatum is basically the unique, warm-season perennial grass species palatable to grazing livestock. Our major objective was to determine variability in reproductive characteristics among four spontaneous, overgrazed populations (i.e., P1, P2, P3, P4) of that species to identify promissory materials for domestication. Studies were conducted during three consecutive growing seasons within the southwestern part of the Phytogeographical Province of the Monte, in southwestern Buenos Aires, Argentina. Measured reproductive characteristics were related to flowering initiation, seed production and natural reseeding potential. Significant differences were found for flowering initiation and natural reseeding potential, but not for viable anthecia per plant among the four populations of P. vaginatum. This species fructified from the beginning to the end of the studied growing seasons with a great anthecia production per plant. The light weight of these anthecia and their awns would favor a great wind dispersal and most likely the establishment of new seedlings of P. vaginatum. This suggests that sexual reproduction might have a relatively greater importance than asexual reproduction (i.e., tillering) in the persistence of the overgrazed P. vaginatum in the plant communities of the studied region. Selection of plant materials with a late flowering initiation will allow to extend the forage production of a better quality. The variability among and within populations found on this study support the idea that would be promissory to start selection programs to obtain improved germplasm to reincorporate to grasslands of the south of the Phytogeographical Region of the Monte (Argentina) not only to increase livestock production but to recover and maintain biodiversity.

Association of novel characterized sequence variations in the ζ-carotene desaturase (Zds) gene with yellow color and yellow pigment content in durum wheat cultivars Pasten, Maria Cielo; Roncallo, Pablo Federico; Camargo Acosta, Emily Yineth; Echenique, Carmen Viviana; Garbus, Ingrid In durum wheat (Triticum turgidum L. var. durum), grown primarily for the production of pasta and other food products, yellow color is an important quality standard. This trait is linked to several different aspects, such as processing conditions, degradation by enzymes, environmental factors and, most importantly, the natural concentration of yellow carotenoid pigments. One of the crucial phases in the carotenoid biosynthesis pathway is carotene desaturation, and it is catalyzed by two desaturases: Phytoene desaturase (PDS) and ζ-Carotene desaturase (ZDS). In this study, we report the presence of two polymorphisms in the Zds genes that strongly suggest that this gene is duplicated in the durum wheat A and B genomes, providing valuable knowledge about the distribution of this gene in durum wheat germplasm. The polymorphism detected in the A genome was successfully associated with differences in the phenotypic expression of yellow pigment in 133 durum wheat cultivars, thus constituting a novel functional marker for use in breeding programs that aim to improve pasta quality and which contributes to a better understanding of the inheritance of color traits in durum wheat.

Role of coherence in quantum-dot-based nanomachines within the Coulomb blockade regime Ribetto, Federico Daniel; Bustos Marun, Raul Alberto; Calvo, Hernan Laureano During the last decades, quantum dots within the Coulomb blockade regime of transport have been proposed as essential building blocks for a wide variety of nanomachines. This includes thermoelectric devices, quantum shuttles, quantum pumps, and even quantum motors. However, in this regime, the role of quantum mechanics is commonly limited to provide energy quantization while the working principle of the devices is ultimately the same as their classic counterparts. Here, we study quantum-dot-based nanomachines in the Coulomb blockade regime, but in a configuration where the coherent superpositions of the dots' states plays a crucial role. We show that the studied system can be used as the basis for different forms of "true"quantum machines that should only work in the presence of these coherent superpositions. We analyze the efficiency of these machines against different nonequilibrium sources (bias voltage, temperature gradient, and external driving) and the factors that limit it, including decoherence and the role of the different orders appearing in the adiabatic expansion of the charge/heat currents.

Análisis comparativo de las relocalizaciones compulsivas urbana y rural: La represa de Itá (Santa Catarina y Rio Grande del Sur, Brasil) Catullo, María Rosa En este trabajo estudiamos los efectos de la construcción de la represa de Itá ubicada en el río Uruguay, entre los municipios de Itá (Estado de Santa Catarina) y Aratiba (Estado de Río Grande do Sur), La misma formó un lago que tiene una cota de 370 metros ( respecto al nivel del mar), con un volumen total de 5.l00 millones de metros cúbicos, ocupando l4l Km² de área total. Presenta un potencial instalado de l620 MW y afectó en su gran mayoría áreas rurales, parcialmente el municipio de Marcelino Ramos (RS ) y en su totalidad la sede del municipio de Itá (SC). Nos focalizaremos en el municipio de Itá, donde se relocalizaron pequeños productores rurales y la ciudad de Itá en su totalidad.Consideramos importante analizar comparativamente las respuestas y estrategias de la población rural que se organizó en la Comissão Regional de Atingidos por Barragem (CRAB), resistiendo a la construcción de la represa, en contraposición a la población de la ciudad de Itá que estuvo mayormente, a favor de la misma. Además, la ciudad de Itá es un caso único, donde se relocalizó toda su población, incluyendo su cementerio, con el stress que esto conllevó a sus habitantes.

Austerity Programs in Argentina and the Structural Continuity of Extractivism: A Feminist Perspective Laterra, Patricia Anahí; Eliosoff, María Julia; Costantino, María Agostina The government that took office in Argentina in December 2015 shaped a mode of development oriented toward finance and extractivism, trade and capital liberalization, and austerity policies. One of the main goals was to reduce the fiscal deficit and to lower domestic production costs in order to increase international competitiveness. Many measures implemented, such as the pension reform of 2017, budget cuts in gender-sensitive areas, and the change in the nature of social policies, had a differential impact on women and LGBT people when compared to men. However, beyond the measures taken by a particular government, the characteristics of extractivism and land concentration are structural dimensions with profound biases in their impacts in terms of gender.

Proyecto para evaluar la generación de biogás a partir de los desechos de biomasa (sustrato gastado) de la producción de hongos comestibles Perez Chávez, Ana Marión; Mayer, Leopoldo; Alberto, Edgardo Omar En el último tiempo, la Argentina ha impulsado el uso de fuentes de energía renovables, lo que incluye la utilización de residuos agrícolas para generar bioenergía. El biogás es un combustible producido por digestión anaeróbica que ha sido considerado una de las tecnologías más sustentables y de bajo costo. En la producción de hongos se descartan miles de toneladas de sustrato lignocelulósico que podría emplearse para la generación de biogás, por haber sido sometido a un pretratamiento enzimático que hace más adecuados los materiales para la digestión bacteriana. Recientemente, hemos empleado el sustrato agotado de dos hongos comestibles para la producción de biogás: Pleurotus ostreatus con paja de trigo en codigestión con estiércol ovino, y aserrín proveniente de Gymnopilus pampeanus. Hemos probado que la acción del hongo en el sustrato favorece la generación de biogás. Para llevar a escala este proyecto, se instalará un laboratorio de análisis bioquímico que contará con tres biodigestores automatizados (15 L) en los cuales se evaluará la cantidad de biogás producido con varios sustratos agotados. Asimismo, se analizarán los lodos resultantes y se evaluará su uso como fertilizantes de campo. Adicionalmente, se montará un biodigestor de 50 m3 para determinar la producción de biogás a escala piloto.

Sleep hygiene impacts on episodic memories in young and older adults during quarantine by Covid-19: preliminary results Tassone, Leonela Magali; Moyano, Malen Daiana; Solferino, C.; Feldberg, Carolina; Tartaglini, Maria Florencia; Brusco, I.; Forcato, Cecilia Sleep benefits off-line memory consolidation. Due to quarantine by Covid-19, sleep routines and sleep quality were affected. Preliminary results from our Lab showed that episodic memory formation is impaired by emotional variables, such as anxiety and depression. We hypothesize that sleep hygiene during quarantine positively impacts memory processes and emotional variables. To test this, we perform a 21-day study. Young and older participants were trained on the episodic memory task (video of neutral content). On day 7 they were tested and half of them began a sleep hygiene program. On day 14, participants were trained in a new episodic task and were tested on day 21. We found that young and older adults that received the sleep hygiene treatment had a positive impact on memory performance. Furthermore, older adults had better performance in memory recognition than young adults independently of the hygiene treatment. Moreover, older adults that received the sleep hygiene treatment showed a positive correlation between the total amount of sleep hygiene activities and the amount of correct recognition as well as a negative correlation with false recognition. We did not found a significant effect on emotional variables. These results demonstrate that sleep hygiene can be an effective tool for young and older adults to improve memory, however one-week treatment is not enough to induce emotional improvements.

Corrigendum to “Radiocarbon dates of fossil record assigned to mylodontids (Xenarthra-Folivora) found in Cueva del Milodón, Chile” [Quat. Sci. Rev. 251 (2020) 106695] Pérez, Leandro Martín; Toledo, Néstor; Mari, Florencia; Echeverría, Ignacio; Tonni, Eduardo Pedro; Toledo, Marcelo Javier When this paper was first published there was an error in Table 1. In Table 1, row 13, the radiocarbon age Beta-164896 13,490 ± 40 BP should be replaced by Beta-164896 13,480 ± 40 BP [Calibration (1s) ¼ 16,255-16,084 cal BP; reliability scoring performed ¼ low]. The first publication of this radiocarbon date was in Borrero and Martin (2012a; p. 106, Table 1), although F. M. Martin previously referred to this data in her Doctoral Thesis (2008; p. 346, Table 11.2). This change does not modify the discussion and the conclusions of the article. Martin, F.M., 2008. Tafonomía y paleoecología de la transicion Pleistoceno-Holoceno en Fuego-Patagonia. Interacci on entre poblaciones humanas y de carnívoros y su importancia como agentes en la formacion del registro f osil. Facultad de Ciencias Naturales y Museo, Uni- versidad Nacional de La Plata, Argentina. Unpublished Doctoral Thesis. 605 pp. http://sedici.unlp.edu.ar/handle/10915/4376.

A stringent response-defective Bradyrhizobium diazoefficiens does not activate the type-3-secretion system, elicits early plant defense, and circumvents NH 4 NO 3 -induced inhibition of nodulation Pérez Giménez, Julieta; Iturralde, Esteban Tomás; Torres Tejerizo, Gonzalo Arturo; Quelas, Juan Ignacio; Krol, Elizaveta; Borassi, Cecilia; Becker, Anke; Estevez, Jose Manuel; Lodeiro, Anibal When subjected to nutritional stress, bacteria modify their amino acid metabolism and cell division activities by means of the stringent response, which is controlled by the Rsh protein in alphaproteobacteria. An important group of alphaproteobacteria are the rhizobia, which fix atmospheric N2 in symbiosis with legume plants. Although nutritional stress is common for rhizobia while infecting legume roots, the stringent response was scarcely studied in this group of soil bacteria. In this report, we obtained a mutant in the rsh gene of Bradyrhizobium diazoefficiens, the N2-fixing symbiont of soybean. This mutant was defective for type-3-secretion system induction, plant-defense suppression at early root infection, and competition for nodulation. Furthermore, the mutant produced smaller nodules, although with normal morphology, which lead to lower plant biomass production. Soybean genes GmRIC1 and GmRIC2, involved in autoregulation of nodulation, were upregulated in plants inoculated with the mutant in N-free condition. In addition, when plants were inoculated in the presence of 10 mM NH4NO3, the mutant produced nodules containing bacteroids, and GmRIC1 and GmRIC2 were downregulated. The rsh mutant released more auxin to the culture supernatant than the wild type, which might in part explain its symbiotic behavior in the presence of combined-N. These results indicate that B. diazoefficiens stringent response integrates into the plant defense suppression and regulation of nodulation circuits in soybean, perhaps mediated by the type-3-secretion system.IMPORTANCE The symbiotic N2 fixation carried out between prokaryotic rhizobia and legume plants performs a substantial contribution to the N-cycle in the biosphere. This symbiotic association is initiated when rhizobia infect and penetrate the root hairs, which is followed by the growth and development of root nodules within which the infective rhizobia are established and protected. Thus, the nodule environment allows the expression and function of the enzyme complex that catalyzes N2 fixation. However, during early infection the rhizobia find a harsh environment while penetrating the root hairs. To cope with this nuisance, the rhizobia mount a stress response known as stringent response. In turn, the plant regulates nodulation in response to the presence of alternative sources of combined-N in the surrounding medium. Control of these processes is crucial for a successful symbiosis, and here we show how the rhizobial stringent response may modulate plant defense suppression and the networks of regulation of nodulation.

''Los mejores, los más preparados'': Presidentes y gabinetes con sesgo empresarial en América Latina (2000-2019) Nercesian, Ines Los estudios acerca de las élites y el perfil de los gabinetes son muy vastos; sin embargo, son pocos quienes han estudiado el fenómeno desde una perspectiva comparativa. En este artículo analizaremos los Gobiernos con perfil empresarial en América Latina durante el período 2000-2019. Tomamos los casos de Mauricio Macri en Argentina, Michel Temer en Brasil y Vicente Fox en México; Sebastián Piñera en Chile, Álvaro Uribe en Colombia, Elías Antonio Saca en El Salvador, Horacio Cartes en Paraguay y Pedro Pablo Kuczynski en Perú. A partir de una estrategia metodológica que combina técnicas cualitativas y cuantitativas, estudiaremos los mecanismos de reclutamiento y el perfil educativo y ocupacional de los gabinetes. La hipótesis de trabajo sostiene que existe un sesgo y visión empresarial común y una orientación hacia el mundo de las actividades financieras y extranjerizadas. Este rasgo de la política estatal responde a ciertas dinámicas complejas del capitalismo del siglo xxi.; There are many studies about elites and the make-up of government cabinets; few, however, have studied the phenomenon from a comparative perspective. In this article we will analyze pro-business governments in Latin America during the period 2000-2019. We studied the cases of Mauricio Macri in Argentina, Michel Temer in Brazil and Vicente Fox in Mexico; Sebastián Piñera in Chile, Álvaro Uribe in Colombia, Elías Antonio Saca in El Salvador, Horacio Cartes in Paraguay and Pedro Pablo Kuczynski in Peru. In this investigation we combine qualitative and quantitative techniques to determine the recruitment mechanisms and the educational and occupational profiles of cabinet members. The working hypothesis argues that there is a common pro-business bias and perspective and a focus on financial and foreign activities. This feature of state policy reflects certain complex dynamics of 21stcentury capitalism.

In vitro antiviral activity of nordihydroguayretic acid and its tetramethylated derivative on Arbovirus with medical-veterinary importance Martinez, Florencia; Aguilar, Javier; Contigiani, Marta; Núñez Montoya, Susana Carolina; Konigheim, Brenda Salome In the search for new antiviral agents from native plant species, we began studying Larrea divaricata CAV. (Zigophyllaceae) and its main metabolite: nordihydroguaiaretic acid (NDGA). The antiviral effect of NDGA and its derivatives has been reported in numerous studies, the range of viruses evaluated is wide. However, there are few reports on arboviruses. We aimed to evaluate the in vitro effect of NDGA and its tetra methylated derivative, NDGA-4-M, on arbovirus: Chikungunya (CHIKV), St. Louis encephalitis (SLEV), Bunyamwera (BUNV) and Dengue types 1 and 4 (DENV-1, DENV-4), trying to establish the stages of the viral replication cycle affected.

Desafíos y especificidades de la arqueología de campos de batalla en la Argentina: los casos de las batallas de Cepeda (1859) y Pavón (1861) Leoni, Juan Bautista En este trabajo se discute el rol que la arqueología de campos de batalla puede jugar en la reconstrucción de los hechos históricos ocurridos en ellos, así como las especificidades y desafíos que enfrenta su práctica en nuestro medio, en particular en lo referente a batallas ocurridas durante el siglo XIX. Empleamos como ejemplo nuestras investigaciones en curso de las batallas de Cepeda (1859) y Pavón (1861) tanto para ilustrar algunas de las contribuciones realizadas hasta el momento, como para discutirlos aspectos principales que diferencian estos casos de otros contemporáneos de Europa y América del Norte y que pueden plantear límites al potencial interpretativo del enfoque arqueológico.; In this paper I discuss the role that battlefield archaeology can play in the reconstruction of the historical events that took place in those locations, as well as the specificities and challenges that its practice faces in our country, especially with regards to XIXth century battles. I use as example our ongoing investigations at Cepeda (1859) and Pavón (1861) battlefields to illustrate both some of the contributions that can be made, as well as the main aspects that differentiate these cases from contemporary battles in Europe and North America, which can pose limitations to the interpretive potential of the archaeological approach.

¿Dejan Huellas las pandemias?, tras los legados de la COVID-19; Do Pandemics Leave Traces? After the Legacies of COVID -19 Alvarez, Adriana Carlina Desde que a fines del 2019 se encendió la alerta máxima de las autoridades sanitarias internacionales por una pandemia que azotaba al mundo (la más letal de esta centuria), los ensayos en las Ciencias Sociales y Humanidades se multiplicaron con la finalidad de encontrar posibles explicaciones a este presente pandémico y a la pos pandemia. Este trabajo forma parte de esa ebullición intelectual que bucea en ese proceso que es inacabado, pero que en tanto crisis sanitaria aplica para ser analizada en forma de espejo con otras de su tipo que asolaron el territorio argentino en los siglos XIX y XX. El eje que hilvana el texto son los legados, huellas, o basamentos que dejaron los episodios “plagáticos” y en los cambios que vehiculizaron sobre la base de la multiplicidad de problemas que pusieron al desnudo. Es en esa clave y de manera provisoria que pone el acento en el SARS CoV2 y sus posibles legados.; Since at the end of 2019 the maximum alert of the international health authorities was lit for a pandemic that was hitting the world (the most lethal of this century), trials in the Social Sciences and Humanities have multiplied in order to find possible explanations for this pandemic present and the post pandemic. This work is part of that intellectual boiling that plunges into that process that is unfinished, but that as a health crisis can be analyzed in the form of a mirror with others of its kind that ravaged the Argentinean territory in the 19th and 20th centuries. The axis that ties the text together are the legacies, traces, or foundations left by the "plagiarism" episodes and in the changes that they carried out on the basis of the multiplicity of problems that they laid bare. It is in this key and in a provisional way that it emphasizes SARS CoV2 and its possible legacies.

Una política de la memoria universitaria: El caso de la Facultad de Ciencias Humanas (UNICEN) en su cincuentenario Di Salvo, Luciano Daniel; Ramon, Maria Florencia En el marco de las conmemoraciones por los Cincuenta años de la creación de la Facultad de Ciencias del Hombre (actualmente Facultad de Ciencias Humanas) emerge la necesidad de construcción colectiva de una memoria, en la cual las tensiones subyacentes juegan un rol importante a la hora de la configuración de una política respecto de las formas de abordaje de su pasado institucional. La escasez de material documental planteó una dinámica específica, en la cual la participación de los actores de la comunidad educativa, con el aporte de sus archivos personales, y la convocatoria a organizaciones de Derechos Humanos, permitieron la construcción de una historia institucional, a la vez que develaron la carencia de una política institucional de resguardo de documentación y construcción de memoria. Estas dificultades pusieron en evidencia la tensión que subyace respecto de los posicionamientos ideológicos a lo largo de la propia historia de la institución, así como también la desidia respecto de la conservación y preservación del material. La experiencia recogida a lo largo de dichas conmemoraciones enriquecieron nuestro trabajo encarado previamente por el Programa Institucional Archivo Histórico Digital Comunitario, que con la propia Facultad llevamos adelante.

“Caminante no hay camino, se hace arqueología al andar”: Reflexiones en torno a una arqueología política; “There is no way to walk, archaeology is made when walking”: Reflections on a political archaeology Gilardenghi, Esteban Ezequiel Este trabajo plantea una serie de preguntas tendientes a discutir los valores y normas impuestas en la arqueología argentina, por ejemplo ¿Es posible cambiar nuestras prácticas?,¿De qué modo podemos democratizar y diversificar la arqueología?,¿Desde dónde y cómo hacerlo? La arqueología, en nuestro país, esta demarcada por las exigencias académicas, las cuales definen el tipo de ciencia que llevamos adelante, desde como publicamos hasta cual es el objeto de estudio de la arqueología, pasando por las relaciones dentro de los equipos de investigación. En consonancia con esto, todo aquello (prácticas, metodologías, marcos teóricos, etc.) que caiga fuera de esa orbita predefinida es, muchas veces, cuestionado e ignorado. A partir de la enumeración y descripción de diversas situaciones, bosquejo, lo que para mí es la arqueología en nuestro país. Finalmente, ejemplifico con diferentes casos, como es posible una visión innovadora que subvierta las características de la actual arqueología argentina, al mismo tiempo propongo el concepto de anarco-epistemología para enfrentar al disciplinamiento del que somos parte.; This work raises a series of questions aimed at discussing the values and norms imposed on Argentine archeology, such as: is it possible to change our practices? How can we democratize and diversify archaeology? How should changes be introduced and from what perspective? Archaeology, in our country, is constrained by academic requirements, which define the type of science we carry out, from how we should publish to what is the object of studying archaeology, through the relationships within research teams. In line with this/Accordingly, everything (practices, methodologies, theoretical frameworks, etc.) that falls outside that predefined orbit/area/arena is often questioned and ignored. From the enumeration and description of various situations, I outline what I consider archaeology in our country. Finally, I illustrate a possible innovative vision that subverts the characteristics of current Argentine archaeology. In addition, I propose/put forward the concept of anarcho-epistemology to face the discipline to which we belong

Quantification and composition analysis of plastic pollution in riverine beaches of the lower Paraná River, Argentina Mitchell, Clara; Quaglino, María Cecilia; Posner, Victoria Maria; Arranz, Silvia Eda; Sciara, Andres Angel Plastic pollution and the numerous consequences it has on aquatic life have become a huge concern in recent years. While many studies have been conducted in marine environments, studies in freshwater ecosystems are scarce and insufficient. The Paraná River is the most important water course in the La Plata River basin and the fifth in the world with a mean annual discharge of 18,000 m3 per second. Currently available studies show the presence of plastic in river shores and fish gut, but more research should be carried out in order to know the extension and origin of plastic contamination. Therefore, the aim of this study was to quantify and characterize macro-, meso-, and microplastics found in the riverine beaches next to Rosario city, the most populated city standing by the lower Paraná River coast in Argentina. The results show that plastic pollution is ubiquitous, but the city shores are significantly more polluted than the wetland shore with a mean of 30,780 and 6375 microplastics per square meter respectively (p = 0.024). The food and beverage industry packaging combined were the most frequent macroplastics found. Also, 3 out of 4 meso- and microplastics were white/transparent, the color that is most likely to be ingested by fish and invertebrates. Finally, all micro- and mesoplastics found were secondary and, in the case of microplastics, they were mainly fibers (93.4%) which highlight its ecological relevance. As a whole, plastic contamination is a serious issue in the Rosario area, specially single-use plastics and short-lived products. The anthropic effect of the cities and how it contributes to plastic pollution are evident.