Development of a novel UHPLC-MS/MS method for the determination of ochratoxin A in tea Cina, Mariel; Ponce, Maria del Valle; Martinez, Luis Dante; Cerutti, Estela Soledad The mycotoxin Ochratoxin A (OTA) is responsible for producing many effects on human and animal health. In this work, the evaluation of the presence of OTA in tea beverage samples consisted of extraction and preconcentration through the solidification of a floating organic drop (DLLME-SFO) combined with an additional octadecyl silane clean-up step. The obtained extract was analyzed by UHPLC-MS/MS. Interferences from the matrix were effectively reduced and, consequently, recovery increased from 43.18% ± 4.1%–96.02% ± 2.54%. The validation assays were carried out by external calibration and spiked samples, with satisfactory recoveries. An adequate dynamic calibration range was obtained over a concentration interval between 0.5 and 70 μg mL−1 OTA. Capabilities of detection and quantification were 0.5 and 1.4 μg mL−1. The obtained Green Certificate was compared with other techniques to establish the greenness profile of the procedure. Quantification of ochratoxin A levels in tea samples was performed.

Microbiota intestinal: Origen y desarrollo. Modulación a través de la intervención dietética Bustos, Ana Yanina La composición y actividad de la microbiota intestinal humana resulta de interacciones complejas que incluyen el genoma del huésped, su estado nutricional, hábitos sociales, entre otros.Investigaciones científicas recientes sugieren que las alteraciones de la microbiota intestinal conducen a trastornos inmunes y metabólicos que contribuyen al desarrollo de enfermedades no transmisibles tales como obesidad, síndrome metabólico, diabetes e incluso autismo y depresión.Este artículo revisa el origen y la composición de la microbiota intestinal, con especial énfasis en la colonización natural y desarrollo del microbioma neonatal, así como los impactos ejercidos por los antibióticos, el tipo de parto y de alimentación. Por último, se discuten algunas estrategias para la restauración del equilibrio microbiano. Una comprensión más profunda de estos conceptos permitirá optimizar estrategias terapéuticas que permitan manipular la microbiota para combatir enfermedades y mejorar la salud.; The composition and activity of the human intestinal microbiota results from complex interactions that include the host genome, its nutritional status, social habits, among others. Recent scientific research suggests that intestinal microbiota disturbances lead to immune and metabolic disorders that contribute to the development of noncommunicable diseases such as obesity, metabolic syndrome, diabetes and even autism and depression. This paper reviews the origin and development of the intestinal microbiota, including the natural colonization and assembly of the neonatal microbiome as well as the impacts exerted by antibiotics, types of delivery and feeding. Then, potential strategies for restoration of these microbiota insults are also discussed. A deeper understanding of these concepts will optimize therapeutic strategies that allow modulating the composition of the microbiota to improve health.

Germinación y crecimiento de Vicia magellanica: Implicancias para la restauración de áreas incendiadas en el norte de la Patagonia andina; Germination and growth of Vicia magellanica: Potential applications on post-fire restoration in north Andean Patagonia Blackhall, Melisa; Villán, Ana; Gobbi, Miriam E. Conocer la dinámica de regeneración de las especies pioneras luego de incendios es primordial para diseñar herramientas de protección y restauración de ambientes degradados por fuego. El estudio de la autoecología de las especies nativas puede aportar información muy útil para aplicar en planes de manejo y en medidas de restauración pasiva o activa. En este trabajo se presentan resultados obtenidos a partir de ensayos de germinación y crecimiento de Vicia magellanica (Fabaceae), en suelo quemado, con y sin agregado de compost, a fin de a) identificar factores asociados a los incendios que se puedan relacionar con los patrones de regeneración post-fuego de esta especie, y además b) discutir el potencial de esta especie para su aplicación en restauración de áreas incendiadas del NO de la Patagonia. En general, los porcentajes de germinación de V. magellanica superaron el 90% de germinación total promedio en la mayoría de los tratamientos (control, aplicación de cenizas, escarificación física, estratificación fría). Sin embargo, la aplicación de calor seco, asociado a altas temperaturas edáficas durante un incendio (100 °C y 120 °C) tuvo un efecto negativo sobre la germinación. Los resultados del ensayo de crecimiento en el que se evaluó el desempeño de V. magellanica en un posible escenario de restauración activa luego de un incendio mostraron que las condiciones edáficas asociadas a un suelo quemado permitieron un desarrollo satisfactorio de los individuos. En suelos quemados sin adición de compost se observó una mayor biomasa aérea y subterránea, y un mayor número de flores, en comparación con las plantas con agregado de compost. Esto supondría una ventaja para colonizar áreas con suelos degradados por fuego. Vicia magellanica presenta numerosas características que favorecerían su uso en estrategias de revegetación post-fuego en bosques y matorrales del noroeste patagónico aplicando siembra directa a campo, y particularmente en los primeros estadios luego del incendio.; Knowing the regeneration dynamics of pioneer species after fires is essential to design tools for the protection and restoration of environments degraded by fire. Autoecology studies of native species can contribute with valuable information for planning land management and passive and/or active restoration actions. We conducted essays of seed germination and plant growth (utilizing burned soils with and without incorporation of compost) with the purpose of a) identifying factors associated to fire that could be related to post-fire regeneration patterns of Vicia magellanica (Fabaceae), and, as well, b) discussing the potential role of this species in the active restoration of burned areas of northwest Patagonia. In general, percentages of germination exceeded 90% of total germination for almost all treatments (control, application of ashes, physical scarification, cold stratification). However, the exposition of seeds to dry heat, associated to the elevated soil temperatures during fire occurrence (100 °C and 120 °C), showed a negative effect on seed germination. The results of the plant growth experiment evaluating the performance of V. magellanica in a possible active restoration scenario after a fire showed that the edaphic conditions associated with a burnt soil allowed a satisfactory development of individuals. Plants growing in burned soils without biosolids compost presented a higher aboveground and belowground biomass and a higher number of flowers, in comparison to plants growing in burned soils without compost. These characteristics might confer V. magellanica an advantage for colonizing burned degraded soils. Vicia magellanica presents several properties that could support the use of this species for post-fire revegetation strategies in forest and shrublands of northwest Patagonia, principally by applying direct sowing in the field, and particularly during early post-fire stages.

Late Quaternary intraplate deformation defined by the Las Chacras Fault Zone, West‐Central Argentina Rimando, Jeremy; Schoenbohm, Lindsay; Ortiz, Gustavo Federico; Alvarado, Patricia Monica; Venerdini, Agostina Lia; Owen, Lewis; Seagren, Erin; Marques Figueiredo, Paula; Hammer, Sarah Several major (up to MW 7.5) earthquakes over the past 320 years have shaken the thick-skinned Sierras Pampeanas region of Argentina, despite exhibiting much lower GPS-shortening rates than across the thin-skinned Precordillera region to its west. Whether geodetic shortening rates indicate an actual long-term shortening gradient, and whether shortening rates translate to higher uplift rates due to steeper faults in the Sierras Pampeanas, remain uncertain due to the limited spatio-temporal coverage and the inherently large error in the vertical component of deformation of GPS measurements. We measure geomorphic offsets and use 10Be terrestrial cosmogenic nuclide surface exposure dating to determine slip rates on the Las Chacras Fault Zone (LCFZ)—an ∼30 km long, NNW-trending, steeply dipping (55–65°E) reverse fault that branches off of the longest, westernmost, thick-skinned Valle Fértil range-front fault in the western Sierras Pampeanas. Average shortening and uplift rates measured on the LCFZ are ∼0.2 and ∼0.3–0.4 mm/yr, respectively. Despite an uplift rate similar to most other faults in the region, the LCFZ shortening rate is lower than faults to its west; this is in agreement with the inferred west-east decrease in shortening rates from GPS data, indicating consistent regional deformation patterns since the Late Pleistocene. The decrease in shortening to the east coincides spatially with the termination of the flat portion of the subducted Nazca plate between 67 and 68°W. From scaling relationships among magnitude, slip rate, and fault length, the LCFZ is capable of generating earthquakes of MW 6.7–7.1.

The Mega-MUSCLES Spectral Energy Distribution of TRAPPIST-1 Wilson, David J.; Froning, Cynthia S.; Duvvuri, Girish M.; France, Kevin; Youngblood, Allison; Schneider, P. Christian; Berta Thompson, Zachory; Brown, Alexander; Buccino, Andrea Paola; Hawley, Suzanne; Irwin, Jonathan; Kaltenegger, Lisa; Kowalski, Adam; Linsky, Jeffrey; Parke Loyd, Robert O.; Miguel, Yamila; Pineda, J. Sebastian; Redfield, Seth; Roberge, Aki; Rugheimer, Sarah; Tian, Feng; Vieytes, Mariela Cristina We present a 5 Å-100 μm spectral energy distribution (SED) of the ultracool dwarf star TRAPPIST-1, obtained as part of the Mega-MUSCLES Treasury Survey. The SED combines ultraviolet and blue-optical spectroscopy obtained with the Hubble Space Telescope, X-ray spectroscopy obtained with XMM-Newton, and models of the stellar photosphere, chromosphere, transition region, and corona. A new differential emission measure model of the unobserved extreme-ultraviolet spectrum is provided, improving on the Lyα-EUV relations often used to estimate the 100-911 Å flux from low-mass stars. We describe the observations and models used, as well as the recipe for combining them into an SED. We also provide a semiempirical, noise-free model of the stellar ultraviolet spectrum based on our observations for use in atmospheric modeling of the TRAPPIST-1 planets.

Complementary and alternative medicine in epilepsy: A global survey of physicians’ opinions Asadi Pooya, Ali A.; Brigo, Francesco; Lattanzi, Simona; Karakis, Ioannis; Asadollahi, Marjan; Trinka, Eugen; Talaat El Ghoneimy, Lobna; Pretorius, Chrisma; Contreras, Guilca; Daza Restrepo, Anilu; Valente, Kette; D`alessio, Luciana; Turuspekova, Saule T.; Aljandeel, Ghaieb; Khachatryan, Samson; Ashkanani, Abdulaziz; Tomson, Torbjörn; Kutlubaev, Mansur; Guekht, Alla; Alsaadi, Taoufik; Calle Lopez, Yamile; Mesraoua, Boulenouar; Ríos Pohl, Loreto; Al-Asmi, Abdullah; Villanueva, Vicente; Igwe, Stanley C.; Kissani, Najib; Jusupova, Asel Purpose: To investigate the opinions of physicians on the use of complementary and alternative medicine (CAM) in patients with epilepsy (PWE) worldwide. Methods: Online survey addressed to neurologists and psychiatrists from different countries. Results: Totally, 1112 physicians from 25 countries (different world region: Europe, North America, South America, Middle-East, Africa, Former Soviet Union Republics) participated; 804 (72.3%) believed that CAM might be helpful in PWE. The most commonly endorsed CAM included meditation (41%) and yoga (39%). Female sex, psychiatry specialization, and working in North and South America were associated with the belief that CAM is helpful in PWE. Two-hundred and forty five out of 1098 participants (22.3%) used/prescribed CAM to PWE; among them, 174 (71%) people perceived CAM to be less effective and 114 (46.5%) people found CAM to be safer than conventional antiseizure medications (ASMs). The most common reasons to prescribe CAM for PWE were: to satisfy the patient (49.9%), dissatisfaction with the efficacy (35.6%), and dissatisfaction with the adverse effects (31.2%) of conventional therapies. Conclusion: Although the evidence supporting the use of CAM for the treatment of epilepsy is extremely sparse, most physicians worldwide believe that it could be integrated with the use of conventional ASMs, at least in some patients. High-quality controlled trials are warranted to provide robust evidence on the usefulness of CAM options in PWE.

Oxidative metabolism of photosynthetic species and the exposure to some freshwater and marine biotoxins Puntarulo, Susana Ángela; González, Paula Mariela Environmental climate conditions could lead to an increasing global occurrence of microorganism blooms that synthesize toxins in the aquatic environments. These blooms could result in significantly toxic events. Responses of photosynthetic organisms to adverse environmental conditions implicate reactive oxygen species generation; but, due to the presence of a varied cellular antioxidant defense system and complex signaling networks, this oxidative stress could act as an important factor in the environmental adaptive processes. The objective of this review was to assess how some biotoxins are implicated in the generation of oxidative and nitrosative metabolic changes, not only in biotoxin-producing organisms but also in non-producing organisms. Therefore, toxins may modify the oxidative cellular balance of several other species. Hence, the effect of toxins on the oxidative and nitrosative conditions will be evaluated in freshwater and marine algae and vascular plants. The changing climate conditions could act as agents capable of modifying the community composition leading to alterations in the global health of the habitat, risking the survival of many species with ecological relevance.

Ce=O Terminated CeO2 Grinter, David C.; Allan, Michael; Yang, Hyun Jin; Salcedo, Agustín; Murgida, Gustavo Ezequiel; Shaw, Bobbie Jean; Pang, Chi L.; Idriss, Hicham; Ganduglia Pirovano, M. Verónica; Thornton, Geoff Multiply bonded lanthanide oxo groups are rare in coordination compounds and have not previously been reported for a surface termination of a lanthanide oxide. Here we report the observation of a Ce=O terminated ceria surface in a CeO2(111)-((Formula presented.) × (Formula presented.))R30° reconstruction of ≈3 nm thick ceria islands prepared on Pt(111). This is evidenced by scanning tunnelling microscopy (STM), low energy electron diffraction (LEED) and high-resolution electron energy loss spectroscopy (HREELS) measurements in conjunction with density functional theory (DFT) calculations. A Ce=O stretching frequency of 775 cm−1 is observed in HREELS, compared with 766 cm−1 calculated by DFT. The calculations also predict that the Ce=O bond is weak, with an oxygen vacancy formation energy of 0.85 eV. This could play an important role in the facile removal of lattice oxygen from CeO2, accompanied by the reduction of CeIV to CeIII, which is a key attribute of ceria-based systems in connection with their unique catalytic properties.

Binary medical nanofluids by combination of polymeric eudragit nanoparticles for vehiculization of tobramycin and resveratrol: antimicrobial, hemotoxicity and protein corona studies Toledo, Constanza; Gambaro, Rocío Celeste; Padula, Gisel; Vela, Maria Elena; Castro, Guillermo Raul; Chain, Cecilia Yamil; Islan, German Abel The development of smart nanoparticles (NPs) became a trend to enhance the delivery of drugs. In the present work, Tobramycin (TB), an aminoglycoside antibiotic that displays several undesirable side effects, has been encapsulated into cationic Eudragit®E100 (E100) NPs for the treatment of infections caused by Pseudomonas aeruginosa. Combination with neutral Eudragit®NE30D (NE30D) NPs containing resveratrol (RSV), a strong natural antioxidant, increased the antimicrobial activity of TB (75% higher than free TB). NPs were stabilized with 1.0% (w/v) poloxamer 188 (P188) or poloxamer 407 (P407) as surfactants. E100 NPs showed 83.3 ± 8.5%, and 70.1 ± 2.7 encapsulation efficiency (EE) of TB with P188 and P407 coatings, respectively. The presence of NPs was confirmed by DLS and TEM studies. TB was controlled released from NPs for 6 h. Hemotoxicity tests of NPs in the range of MIC values on human blood gave negative results. Analysis of Surface Plasmon Resonance verified that NE30D/P407/RSV does not interact with plasma proteins BSA, IgG or fibrinogen, besides E100/P188/TB interact with BSA, findings that are compatible with a negligible in vivo clearance of the nanovehicles. The obtained results show a potential binary fluid composed of two NPs to highly improve the effectiveness of conventional antibiotics.

Complejo I, H2O2 y NO mitocondriales como señales prodrómicas de la disfunción cardíaca en diabetes tipo 1; Mitochondrial Complex I, H2 O2 and NO as Prodromal Signals of Cardiac Dysfunction in Type 1 Diabetes Rukavina Mikusic, Natalia Lucía; Valderrey, Micaela; Tripodi, Valeria Paula; Valdez, Laura Batriz Introducción: Resultados de nuestro laboratorio sugieren que la disfunción mitocondrial en el corazón precede a la falla miocárdica asociada a la hiperglucemia sostenida.Objetivo: Estudiar los eventos tempranos que ocurren en las mitocondrias de corazón en un modelo de diabetes mellitus tipo 1.Materiales y métodos: Ratas Wistar macho fueron inyectadas con estreptozotocina (STZ; 60 mg/kg, ip) y sacrificadas 10 o 14 días posinyección. Se obtuvo la fracción mitocondrial de corazón.Resultados: El consumo de O2 en estado 3 en presencia de malato-glutamato (21%) o succinato (16%) y las actividades de los complejos I-III (27%), II-III (24%) y IV (22%) fueron menores en los animales diabéticos a los 14 días posinyección. Cuando los animales se sacrificaron al día 10, solo el consumo de O2 en estado 3 en presencia de sustratos del complejo I (23%) y sucontrol respiratorio (30%) fueron menores en las ratas inyectadas con STZ, de acuerdo con una reducción en la actividad del complejo I-III (17%). Estos cambios se acompañaron de un aumento en las velocidades de producción de H2O2 (117%), NO (30%) y ONOO- (∼225%), en la expresión de mtNOS (29%) y en la [O2-]ss (∼150%) y [NO]ss (∼30%), junto con una disminución de la actividad de la Mn-SOD (15%) y la [GSSG+GSH]mitocondrial (28%), sin cambios en la expresión de PGC-1α.Conclusión: La disfunción del complejo I y el aumento en la generación de H2O2, NO y ONOO- pueden considerarse señales subcelulares prodrómicas del deterioro de la función mitocondrial que precede a la disfunción cardíaca en la diabetes.; Background: Previous results from our laboratory suggest that heart mitochondrial dysfunction precedes myocardial failure associated with sustained hyperglycemia. Purpose: The aim of this study was to analyze the early events that take place in heart mitochondria in a type 1 diabetes mellitus (DM) model. Methods: Male Wistar rats were injected with streptozotocin (STZ; 60 mg/kg, ip.) to induce DM. They were euthanized 10 or 14 days later and the heart mitochondrial fraction was obtained. Results: State 3 O2 consumption in the presence of malate-glutamate (21%) or succinate (16%), and complex I-III (27%), II-III (24%) and IV (22%) activities were lower in diabetic animals 14 days after STZ injection. When animals were euthanized at day 10, only state 3 O2 consumption sustained by complex I substrates (23%) and its corresponding respiratory control (30%) were lower in rats injected with STZ, in agreement with reduced complex I-III activity (17%). These changes were accompanied by increased H2 O2 (117%), NO (30%) and ONOO- (~225%) production rates, mtNOS expression (29%) and O2 - (~150%) and NO (~30%) steady-state concentrations, together with a decrease in Mn-SOD activity (15%) and mitochondrial [GSSG+GSH] (28%), without changes in PGC-1α expression. Conclusion: Complex I dysfunction and increased H2 O2 , NO and ONOO- production rates can be considered subcellular prodromal signals of the mitochondrial damage that precedes myocardial dysfunction in diabetes

Desarrollo e institucionalización de la antropología forense en la provincia de Córdoba, Argentina; Development and institutionalization of forensic anthropology in the province of Córdoba, Argentina Ginarte, Anahí; Gonzalez, Claudina El objetivo de este trabajo es presentar y discutir el desarrollo de la antropología forense en la provincia de Córdoba, Argentina. Se presenta una breve historia del desarrollo de la disciplina con énfasis en el trabajo iniciado por peritos del Equipo Argentino de Antropología Forense que derivaron en la actual institucionalización de la disciplina, con la creación del Servicio de Antropología Forense en el Instituto de Medicina Forense del Poder Judicial y la conformación del primer “Banco de datos de cadáveres y restos cadavéricos no identificados”. Su finalidad es recolectar y resguardar información biológica y documental de restos no identificados y contribuir en la restitución de la identidad de personas desaparecidas en la actualidad, no solo del ámbito local sino nacional. Además, se describen las tareas periciales realizadas a lo largo de doce años y se detallan las categorizaciones de los casos trabajados. Se dan a conocer las investigaciones desarrolladas en interacción con instituciones universitarias y académicas. Finalmente, y a la luz de este desarrollo se discute la importancia del rol del antropólogo forense dentro de los institutos de medicina forense y en interacción con otras ciencias y con otros agentes de justicia en la resolución de casos actuales en la provincia de Córdoba.; The aim of this work is to present and discuss the development of forensic anthropology in the province of Córdoba, Argentina. A brief history of the development of the discipline is presented with emphasis on the work initiated by experts from the Argentine Forensic Anthropology Team that led to the current institutionalization of the discipline, with the creation of the Forensic Anthropology Service at the Institute of Forensic Medicine of the Judicial Power and the creation of the first "Database of unidentified corpses and remains". Its purpose is to collect and safeguard biological and documentary data on unidentified remains and contribute to the restitution of the identity of currently missing persons, not only at the local but also at the national level. In addition, the expert tasks carried out over twelve years are described, and the categorizations of the cases worked are detailed. We also present the investigations developed in interaction with university institutions. Finally, we discuss, in light of this development, the importance of the role of the forensic anthropologists within the forensic medicine institutes and in interaction with other sciences and with other justice agents in the resolution of current cases in the province of Córdoba.

A Decade of Hydrological Drought in Central-Western Argentina Rivera, Juan Antonio; Otta, Sebastián Alfredo; Lauro, Carolina; Zazulie, Natalia Most of the water used for the development of the main socio-economic activities in Central-Western Argentina (CWA), an arid to semi-arid region, home to most of the Argentinean wine production, relies on surface streamflow from several snow-fed rivers. During the last decade (2010-2020), reduced snow accumulation over the higher elevations of the Andes mountains triggered the occurrence of hydrological drought over CWA, affecting winter tourism, restricting water use for irrigation and domestic use, and leading to socio-political disputes. This study provides a detailed description of the recent hydrological drought conditions through the use of streamflow records from 15 river basins, which were complemented by precipitation, snowpack, and water equivalent thickness measurements to provide a comprehensive picture of the water losses over the last decade. Hydrological drought indices derived from the threshold level method and the standardized streamflow index allowed characterizing the unusualness of this dry period in the context of the last 49 years. The hydrological deficit over the last decade highlighted the challenges faced by the water managers to provide water for irrigation in the main agricultural oases, with a likely overexploitation of the groundwater resources to supplement the limited surface runoff. The hydrological drought severity increased since 2017, with record-breaking levels in several basins, particularly during the period between July 2019 and June 2020 for the rivers located between 35° and 36°S. We identified the main hydrological drought impacts in CWA, as well as the need for improved mitigation strategies to cope with current and future drought conditions. We also analyzed the current limitations in terms of snow and groundwater observations, highlighting the necessity for an effective hydrological drought monitoring system, together with an improved forecast of snow accumulation in the headwaters, which can contribute to better regional water management plans.

Mineralogy of the Rincón Blanco selenide occurrence, La Rioja, Argentina Marquez Zavalia, Maria Florencia; Galliski, Miguel Angel; Skácha, Pavel; Macek, Ivo; Sejkora, Jiří; Dolnícek, Zdeněk Rincón Blanco is a small selenide occurrence situated to the WNW of Jagüé, a small town of the General Sarmiento department, La Rioja province, Argentina. This occurrence, also called El Chire in recent years, is located (28°35'46.10"S, 68°44'35.78"W, 3120 m. a. s. l.) in the Precordillera environment, to the furthermost southwestern corner of the selenium ore district of Los Llantenes, defined as one of the representative metallogenic belts of the Gondwanic episodes. The selenide minerals occur as veinlets up to few centimeters or as patches or fine inclusions, widespread in calcite. We have identified eleven hypogene Se-bearing minerals (naumannite, tiemannite, chrisstanleyite, jagüéite, eucairite, clausthalite, fischesserite, umangite, athabascaite, berzelianite and bellidoite) mainly associated with gold, silver, hematite and various supergene minerals, including malachite, chalcomenite, and molybdomenite. The paragenesis should have formed from low temperature (< 133 °C), neutral to mildly alkaline pH and highly oxidizing fluids with increasing sulfur fugacity. The country-rock, rich in graptolite-fauna, could be considered, at least in part, the source for the Se and associated metals forming the minerals of this paragenesis, although this hypothesis has yet to be tested.

Fundamental parameters of the eclipsing binary DD CMa and evidence for mass exchange Rosales, J. A.; Mennickent, R. E.; Djuraevic, Gojko; Gonzalez, Jorge Federico; Araya, Ignacio; Cabezas, Mauricio; Schleicher, D. R. G.; Curé, Michel We present a detailed photometric and spectroscopic analysis of DD CMa, based on published survey photometry and new spectroscopic data. We find an improved orbital period of Po = 2.0084530(6) days. Our spectra reveal Hβ and Hα absorptions with weak emission shoulders, and we also find a color excess in the Wide-field Infrared Survey Explorer multiband photometry, interpreted as signatures of circumstellar matter. We model the V-band orbital light curve derived from the ASAS and ASAS-SN surveys, assuming a semidetached configuration and using the mass ratio and temperature of the hotter star derived from our spectroscopic analysis. Our model indicates that the system consists of a B2.5 dwarf and a B9 giant of radii 3.2 and 3.7 Re, respectively, orbiting in a circular orbit of radius 6.75 Re. We also found Mc = 1.7 ± 0.1 Me, Tc = 11,350 ± 100 K, and Mh = 6.4 ± 0.1 Me, Th = 20,000 ± 500 K, for the cooler and hotter star, respectively. We find broad single emission peaks in Hα and Hβ after subtracting the synthetic stellar spectra. Our results are consistent with mass exchange between the stars and suggest the existence of a stream of gas being accreted onto the early B-type star.

Pedagogía del management y legitimación capitalista: Alcances globales y locales; Pedagogy of management and capitalist legitimation: global and local scope Figari, Claudia Alicia Susana El artículo focaliza en el estudio de la agencia pedagógica empresarial que se despliega en las corporaciones. Sostenemos las siguientes tesis: 1) la existencia de una pedagogía del management normalizadora articulada con los principios evaluadores de la rendición de cuentas; 2) las articulaciones entre la agencia pedagógica global –derivada de las recomendaciones del Pacto Global– y la local –que se implementa en el nivel de las empresas–; 3) la centralidad de los informes de sustentabilidad como punto de conexión entre ambas agencias; y 4) los vínculos entre la pedagogía del management y la función de legitimación social del orden global capitalista. La investigación fue realizada en filiales argentinas de una empresa automotriz y siderúrgica que pertenecen a holdings transnacionales.; The article focuses on the study of the pedagogical agency that is deployed in business corporations. We maintain the following thesis: 1) The existence of a normalizing pedagogy of management articulated with the evaluating principles of accountability; 2) The links between the global educational agency –derived from the recommendations of the Global Compact– and the local one –which is implemented at the level of the companies–; 3) The centrality of the sustainability reports as a point of connection between the two agencies; 4) The links between the pedagogy of the management and the role of social legitimacy of the capitalist global order. The research was conducted in Argentine subsidiaries of an automotive and steel company that belong to transnational holdings.

Examining the “Forest Law” in Los Lagos, Argentina, Through the Lens of Mapuche Organisations Valverde, Sebastián; Minaverry, Clara María; Stecher, Gabriel Andre In 2007 Argentina passed the ‘Federal Law 26331 on Minimum Standards for the Environmental Protection of Native Forests’, often referred to as the Forest Law, aimed at curbing and regulating the expansion of the agricultural frontier causing deforestation and the loss of native forests, and amid increasing social conflict. The law mandated provinces to develop and-use planning and zoning of their native forests through a participatory process, and to classify different uses of forestlands. In the province of Neuquén, the application of this regulation –along with its equivalent provincial norm, Law 2780-triggered much debate among environmental and social organizations, unions, small-scale rural producers, and Mapuche indigenous organizations, leading to an increase in conflict and disagreements between the different sectors involved. The application of the Forest Law in the region of Los Lagos and Lacar departments, which are forest areas with high landscape attractiveness and increasing tourism and real estate activity, generated considerable controversy, mobilizations, and debate in the local arena. Research for this paper involved methodological triangulation through ethnography and legal hermeneutics.

Empathy deficits and their behavioral, neuroanatomical, and functional connectivity correlates in smoked cocaine users Baez, Sandra; Fittipaldi, María Sol; de la Fuente de la Torre, Laura Alethia; Carballo, Marcela; Ferrando, Rodolfo; García Cordero, Indira Ruth; Gonzalez Campo, Cecilia; García, Adolfo Martín; Sedeño, Lucas; Ibáñez, Santiago Agustín Reduced empathic abilities are frequently observed in drug abusers. These deficits may compromise interpersonal interactions and contribute to diminished social functioning. However, previous evidence regarding empathy and addiction is behaviorally unspecific and virtually null in terms of their brain structural or functional correlates. Moreover, no previous study has investigated how empathy is affected by drugs whose consumption is particularly characterized by counter-empathic behaviors. Here, we conducted the first assessment of neurocognitive correlates of empathy for pain in dependent users (predominantly men) of smoked cocaine (SC, coca paste, n = 37). We compared their performance in the empathy task with that of two groups matched in relevant demographic variables: 24 dependent users of insufflated cocaine hydrochloride (CC) and 21 healthy controls. In addition, we explored the structural anatomy and functional connectivity (FC) correlates of empathic impairments across groups. Our results showed that, compared to CC and controls, SC users exhibited a selective reduction of empathic concern for intentional harms. These impairments were associated with lower gray matter volumes in regions subserving social cognition (i.e., right inferior parietal lobule, supramarginal and angular gyri). Furthermore, reduced empathic concern correlated with FC within affective empathy and social cognition networks, which are also linked to cognitive changes reported in addiction (i.e., inferior frontal and orbital gyri, posterior insula, supplementary motor area, cingulate cortex). Our findings suggest that chronic consumption of SC may involve reduced empathic concern and relevant neuroanatomical and FC abnormalities, which, in turn, may result in social interaction dysfunction. These results can inform theoretical and applied developments in neuropsychopharmacology.

Gendarmería Nacional Argentina y la gestión de los conflictos y la violencia en barrios informales del sur de la Ciudad de Buenos Aires; Argentinian National Gendarmerie and management of conflicts and violence in informal neighborhoods of southern City of Buenos Aires; Gendarmaria Nacional Argentina e a gestão de conflitos e violência em bairros informais no sul da Cidade de Buenos Aires Zajac, Joaquin El objetivo del artículo es describir y analizar las intervenciones de Gendarmería Nacional Argentina (GNA) ante situaciones de conflictividad y violencia en barrios informales del sur de la Ciudad Autónoma de Buenos Aires entre 2016 y 2019, el marco de política pública y las representaciones institucionales que encuadran dichas prácticas. Analizo las tensiones y dificultades que conlleva para muchos efectivos de la Gendarmería intervenir ante demandas que desbordan funciones institucionalmente ponderadas como “propias”. También, la forma en que dichas intervenciones iluminan una dimensión constructiva del “poder de policía”, así como de una particular tecnología estatal de administración de los “márgenes”, sus demandas y conflictos. El artículo se apoya en el análisis de fuentes documentales, y en un trabajo de campo etnográfico con efectivos de Gendarmería en el sur de CABA entre 2016 y 2017, y con habitantes de dichos barrios en 2019.; The aim of this article is to describe and analyze the interventions of the Argentine National Gendarmerie (GNA) in situations of conflict and violence in informal neighborhoods in southern Buenos Aires between 2016 and 2019, its public policy framework and the institutional representations involved in those practices. I analyze the tensions and difficulties that Gendarmerie has to face addressing certain demands that exceed some institutionally weighted functions as “their own”. Also, the way in which these interventions illuminate a constructive dimension of “police power”, as well as the particular technology that the state uses for governing its “margins” and their demands and conflicts. The article is based on the analysis of documentary sources, and by an ethnographic fieldwork with members of the Gendarmerie in neighborhoods of the south of CABA between 2016 and 2017, and with inhabitants of these neighborhoods in 2019.; O objetivo do artigo é descrever e analisar as intervenções da Gendarmeria Nacional Argentina (GNA) em situações de conflito e violência em bairros informais no sul da Buenos Aires entre 2016 e 2019, o marco de políticas públicas e as representações institucionais que enquadram essas práticas. Analiso as tensões e dificuldades que acompanham a Gendarmaria, intervindo diante de demandas que excedem as funções ponderadas institucionalmente como “próprias”. Além disso, a maneira pela qual essas intervenções iluminam uma dimensão construtiva do “poder policial”, bem como uma tecnologia estatal específica para a administração de “margens”, suas demandas e conflitos. O artigo é apoiado pela análise de fontes documentais e por um trabalho de campo etnográfico com membros da Gendarmeria em bairros no sul da CABA entre 2016 e 2017 e com os habitantes desses bairros em 2019.

Participación social y gestión del hábitat: formas y tipos de participación en la experiencia de América Latina; Social participation and habitat management: participation ways and types in Latin American experience Di Virgilio, Maria Mercedes La Nueva Agenda Urbana compromete a los países a la implementación de políticas de vivienda que incorporen la planificación participativa. La propuesta plantea la participación de las poblaciones en la gestión de infraestructuras y servicios urbanos, promoviendo su involucramiento en políticas urbanas inclusivas y propiciando el desarrollo urbano y territorial sostenible. En particular, promueve la participación en los procesos de gestión del hábitat y en la implementación de las políticas públicas orientadas al sector. En este marco, el trabajo reflexiona sobre los desafíos que estos lineamientos suponen para los procesos de producción de vivienda (en particular, aquella destinada a los sectores de menores ingresos) y de gestión del hábitat en las ciudades de América Latina y el Caribe. Para ello, se interroga sobre ¿cuáles son las formas de participación que se pueden observar en los procesos de gestión del hábitat popular?, ¿qué escenarios de participación se configuran en torno a la gestión del hábitat popular en los países de América Latina?, ¿ómo esos escenarios favorecen (o no) el involucramiento efectivo de las comunidades en la gestión del hábitat? Se trata de un estudio descriptivo que se apoya en la revisión bibliográfica de trabajos publicados en revistas nacionales e internacionales y en libros del área de las políticas públicas y del urbanismo. El trabajo con la bibliografía se articuló con resultados de investigaciones propias que tuvieron y/o tienen a las políticas de producción del hábitat como objeto privilegiado de análisis. La estrategia analítica se apoyó en la recuperación de casos documentados en las publicaciones con base en los cuales se reconstruyeron escenarios típicos de gestión del hábitat que incorporan componentes participativos. La mención a experiencias de países como Argentina, Chile, Ecuador o México obedece a la recurrencia con la que las mismas son tratadas en la bibliografía. De este modo, busca dar cuenta de los rasgos y las características que definen las lógicas de participación, indagando en las formas y los grados de involucramiento de los distintos actores en la implementación de las políticas públicas.; The Nueva Agenda Urbana commits countries to the implementation of housing policies that incorporate participatory planning. The proposal proposes the participation of the populations in the management of urban infrastructures and services, promoting their involvement in inclusive urban policies and promoting sustainable urban and territorial development. In particular, it promotes participation in habitat management processes and in the implementation of public policies oriented to the sector. In this framework, the work reflects on the challenges that these guidelines pose for the processes of housing production (in particular, that destined to the lower-income sectors) and of habitat management in the cities of Latin America and the Caribbean. To do this, it asks what are the forms of participation that can be observed in the popular habitat management processes? What participation scenarios are configured around popular habitat management in Latin American countries? How do these scenarios favor (or not) the effective involvement of communities in habitat management? It is a descriptive study that is based on the bibliographic review of works published in national and international journals and in books in the area of public policy and urban planning. The work with the bibliography was articulated with the results of own investigations that had and / or have habitat production policies as a privileged object of analysis. The analytical strategy was supported by the recovery of cases documented in the publications, based on which typical habitat Participación social y gestión del hábitat management scenarios that incorporate participatory components were reconstructed. The mention of experiences from countries such as Argentina, Chile, Ecuador or Mexico is due to the recurrence with which they are treated in the bibliography. In this way, it seeks to account for the features and characteristics that define the logics of participation, investigating the forms and degrees of involvement of the different actors in the implementation of public policies.

Soybean by-products and modified cassava starch for improving alveolar structure and quality characteristics of gluten-free bread Genevois, Carolina Elizabeth; de Escalada Pla, Marina Francisca There is a global trend towards assuring more sustainable application of ingredients in food development, with emphasis in the nutrients recovering from agro-industrial by-products. Soybean extruded–expelled meal (SF) was explored to take an advantage from its nutrients; and its behaviour with pregelatinised cassava starch (PGS) and hydration levels (WC) as a contribution to technological improvement in gluten-free (GF) bread-making. The aim of this work was to study the effects of different levels of SF, PGS and WC on alveolar structure and final quality characteristics of GF bread formulation. A Box–Behnken experimental design and surface response methodology were applied. The final quality of GF breads was significantly affected by the addition of SF, PGS and WC, being the SF and WC the components with major impact. Lower levels of PGS and SF showed higher specific loaf volume with a softer crumb, faster recuperation of resilience and springiness, and less susceptibility to being disintegrated. The colour intensity and the uniformity of the alveolar crumb structure were enhanced by SF addition. Optimisation carried out to improve the physical and textural characteristics of bread, rendered a formulation with PGS 15.0 g × 100 g−1, SF 6.0 g × 100 g−1 and WC 160 g × 100 g−1. A size portion of GF bread (50 g) would increase 1.4- and 3.7-fold the protein and fibre intake, respectively. The addition SF and PGS with the adequate hydration level is promising for producing GF bread with an improved technological and nutritional profile, and could be useful to add value to an industrial by-product and reduce manufacturing cost.