Structural features of the plant N-recognin ClpS1 and sequence determinants in its targets that govern substrate selection Aguilar Lucero, Dianela Ailin; Cantoia, Alejo; Sánchez López, Magda Carolina; Binolfi, Andrés; Mogk, Axel; Ceccarelli, Eduardo Augusto; Rosano, German Leandro In the N-degron pathway of protein degradation of Escherichia coli, the N-recognin ClpS identifies substrates bearing N-terminal phenylalanine, tyrosine, tryptophan, or leucine and delivers them to the caseinolytic protease (Clp). Chloroplasts contain the Clp system, but whether chloroplastic ClpS1 adheres to the same constraints is unknown. Moreover, the structural underpinnings of substrate recognition are not completely defined. We show that ClpS1 recognizes canonical residues of the E. coli N-degron pathway. The residue in second position influences recognition (especially in N-terminal ends starting with leucine). N-terminal acetylation abrogates recognition. ClpF, a ClpS1-interacting partner, does not alter its specificity. Substrate binding provokes local remodeling of residues in the substrate-binding cavity of ClpS1. Our work strongly supports the existence of a chloroplastic N-degron pathway.

Replay of innate vocal patterns during night sleep in suboscines Döppler, Juan Francisco; Peltier, Manon; Amador, Ana; Goller, Franz; Mindlin, Bernardo Gabriel Activation of forebrain circuitry during sleep has been variably characterized as 'pre- or replay' and has been linked to memory consolidation. The evolutionary origins of this mechanism, however, are unknown. Sleep activation of the sensorimotor pathways of learned birdsong is a particularly useful model system because the muscles controlling the vocal organ are activated, revealing syringeal activity patterns for direct comparison with those of daytime vocal activity. Here, we show that suboscine birds, which develop their species-typical songs innately without the elaborate forebrain-thalamic circuitry of the vocal learning taxa, also engage in replay during sleep. In two tyrannid species, the characteristic syringeal activation patterns of the song could also be identified during sleep. Similar to song-learning oscines, the burst structure was more variable during sleep than daytime song production. In kiskadees (Pitangus sulphuratus), a second vocalization, which is part of a multi-modal display, was also replayed during sleep along with one component of the visual display. These data show unambiguously that variable 'replay' of stereotyped vocal motor programmes is not restricted to programmes confined within forebrain circuitry. The proposed effects on vocal motor programme maintenance are, therefore, building on a pre-existing neural mechanism that predates the evolution of learned vocal motor behaviour.

Differential inhibition of egg hatching in Aedes aegypti populations from localities with different winter conditions Campos, Raul Ernesto; Zanotti, Gabriela Alejandra; Di Battista, Cristian Matias; Gimenez, Javier Orlando; Fischer, Sylvia Cristina In Argentina, the mosquito Aedes aegypti (L.) (Diptera: Culicidae) is distributed from subtropical to temperate climates. Here, we hypothesized that the expansion of Ae. aegypti into colder regions is favoured by high-phenotypic plasticity and an adaptive inhibition of egg hatching at low temperatures. Thus, we investigated the hatching response of eggs of three populations: One from a subtropical region (Resistencia) and two from temperate regions (Buenos Aires City and San Bernardo) of Argentina. Eggs collected in the field were raised in three experimental colonies. F1 eggs were acclimated for 7 days prior to immersion at 7.6 or 22°C (control eggs). Five immersion temperatures were tested: 7.6, 10.3, 11.8, 14.1 and 16°C (range of mean winter temperatures of the three localities). A second immersion at 22°C was performed 2 weeks later to assess the inhibition to hatch under favourable conditions. After the first immersion, we compared the proportions of hatched eggs and dead larvae among treatment levels, whereas after the second immersion we compared the hatching response among the three populations. The factors that most influenced the egg hatching response were the geographical origin of the populations and the immersion temperature, but not the acclimation temperature. The proportions of hatching and larval mortality at low temperatures were higher for Resistencia than for Buenos Aires and San Bernardo, whereas the hatching response at ambient temperature was lower for San Bernardo than for Buenos Aires and Resistencia. The results support the hypothesis that populations from colder regions show an adaptive inhibition of egg hatching.

Dolomite-zirconia reaction sintered bonded coarse magnesia ceramics: Effect of the bonding proportion Booth, Raul Fernando Nicolas; Stábile, Franco Matías; Bruni, Yesica Lorena; Gauna, Matias Roberto; Rendtorff Birrer, Nicolás Maximiliano Refractory ceramic materials were manufactured, mainly composed of magnesia grains (coarse and medium fraction) and CaZrO3/MgO as a binding phase produced from the reaction sintering between CaMg(CO3)2(dolomite) and m-ZrO2 (monoclinic zirconia), which constituted the finer fraction. Different relationships between the proportion and the size of the different aggregates were studied. The microstructure of the materials was characterized in terms of density, crystalline phases, grain phase distribution, and morphology. A combination of X-ray diffraction analysis and scanning electron microscopy with microanalysis was used. The mechanical behavior was determined in terms of the room temperature dynamic Young's modulus and the 3-point bending modulus of rupture (MOR) at room temperature. All the materials remained with porosities above 30%. The microstructure developed was similar between the sintered materials, characterized with MgO coarse grains bonded by CaZrO3/c-ZrO2phases, and dispersed irregularly shaped pores. The MOR was directly related to the finer fraction content in the composition, where a higher quantity of finer fraction resulted in a higher MOR.

Variability and effect sizes of intracranial current source density estimations during pain: Systematic review, experimental findings, and future perspectives Völker, Juan Manuel; Arguissain, Federico Gabriel; Kæseler Andersen, Ole; Biurrun Manresa, José Alberto Pain arises from the integration of sensory and cognitive processes in the brain, resulting in specific patterns of neural oscillations that can be characterized by measuring electrical brain activity. Current source density (CSD) estimation from low-resolution brain electromagnetic tomography (LORETA) and its standardized (sLORETA) and exact (eLORETA) variants, is a common approach to identify the spatiotemporal dynamics of the brain sources in physiological and pathological pain-related conditions. However, there is no consensus on the magnitude and variability of clinically or experimentally relevant effects for CSD estimations. Here, we systematically examined reports of sample size calculations and effect size estimations in all studies that included the keywords pain, and LORETA, sLORETA, or eLORETA in Scopus and PubMed. We also assessed the reliability of LORETA CSD estimations during non-painful and painful conditions to estimate hypothetical sample sizes for future experiments using CSD estimations. We found that none of the studies included in the systematic review reported sample size calculations, and less than 20% reported measures of central tendency and dispersion, which are necessary to estimate effect sizes. Based on these data and our experimental results, we determined that sample sizes commonly used in pain studies using CSD estimations are suitable to detect medium and large effect sizes in crossover designs and only large effects in parallel designs. These results provide a comprehensive summary of the effect sizes observed using LORETA in pain research, and this information can be used by clinicians and researchers to improve settings and designs of future pain studies.

¿Quiénes son los trigueños? Análisis de una categoría racial intersticial (Buenos Aires, 1810-1830) Guzman, Maria Florencia El término "trigueño" es una categoría intersticial y ambigua con la que fueron clasificados un importante porcentaje de soldados y reclutas de condición libre a partir de 1810.La investigación que se presenta tiene un doble propósito: por un lado, de comenzar a examinar del contenido histórico de la expresión trigueño, que hasta el momento no presenta una caracterización precisa, articulando la dimensión racial con otras de peso como la procedencia, el modo de vida y la instrucción. El segundo objetivo es el de enfatizar la ?posibilidad mestiza? que asume esta expresión, la cual matiza la idea del traslado estadístico de la población africana a esta categoría y remite invariablemente al estudio del mestizaje colonial y de las categorías raciales de la hibridez. Las fichas de "filiación" relativas a los reclutas que fueron militarizados entre 1810-1830, constituyen la fuente principal de la investigación las que puestas en diálogo con otros corpus documentales del temprano republicanismo posibilitarán una mayor comprensión de las lógicas de clasificación en tanto éstas revelan -o son indicios- de las políticas que crearon esos instrumentos y también de quienes las produjeron.

El Golfo San Jorge como área prioritaria de investigación, manejo y conservación en el marco de la Iniciativa Pampa Azul Dans, Silvana Laura; Cefarelli, Adrián Oscar; Galvan, David Edgardo; Góngora, María Eva; Martos, Patricia; Varisco, Martin Alejandro; Alvarez Colombo, Gustavo Luis; Blanc, Silvia; Bos, Patricio; Bovcon, Nelson Darío; Charo, Marcela; Cinquini, Mariano Enrique; Derisio, Carla María; Dogliotti, Ana Inés; Ferreyra, Gustavo Adolfo; Funes, Manuela; Giberto, Diego Agustin; Halm, Cristian; Hozbor, Constanza; Irigoyen, Alejo Joaquin; Lewis, Mirtha Noemi; Macchi, Gustavo Javier; Maenza, Reinaldo Agustín; Nocera, Ariadna Celina; Paparazzo, Flavio Emiliano; Parma, Ana María; Pisoni, Juan Pablo; Prario, Igor Sebastian; Sánchez, Noela Belén; Sastre, Viviana; Segura, Valeria Romina; Silva, Ricardo; Schiariti, Agustin; Temperoni, Brenda; Tonini, Mariano Hernan; Tolivia, Analía Alejandra; Trobbiani, Gastón Andres; Venerus, Leonardo Ariel; Vernet, María; Vinuesa, Julio Hector; Villanueva Gomila, Gabriela Lujan; Williams, Gabriela Noemí; Yorio, Pablo Martin; Zárate, Marcos Daniel El Golfo San Jorge (GSJ) fue incluido como una de las áreas geográficas prioritarias en el marco de la Iniciativa Pampa Azul por ser una de las regiones más productivas y con mayor diversidad del Mar Argentino. La región es clave en el ciclo de vida de los recursos pesqueros más importantes de Argentina y cuenta con áreas protegidas destinadas a la conservación de su biodiversidad y con un alto potencial para el desarrollo turístico. La jurisdicción del GSJ es compartida por las provincias de Chubut y Santa Cruz, mientras que las aguas adyacentes de plataforma están bajo jurisdicción nacional. Este carácter interjurisdiccional, sumado al gran número de instituciones involucradas en su estudio y gestión generan interesantes desafíos en materia de políticas de investigación y manejo. Este artículo pretende dar a conocer la importancia del GSJ, el conocimiento existente acerca del sistema, y la necesidad de construir, ejecutar y sostener un programa de investigación y monitoreo a largo plazo con un foco en los servicios que presta este ecosistema y los impactos de las actividades que allí se desarrollan. Los avances realizados en esa dirección son puestos en el contexto nacional y mundial, no solo por el conocimiento generado sino también por el logro de haber nucleado a varias instituciones del país dando inicio a un programa de investigación multidisciplinario con un enfoque ecosistémico, impulsado desde la iniciativa Pampa Azul.; San Jorge Gulf (GSJ) was included among Areas of priority by the National Initiative Pampa Azul since it is one of the most productive and diverse regions of the Argentine Sea. It is a key region for the life cycle of several species including most important fishery resources, the definition of protected areas of biodiversity conservation interest, and for a potential tourism development. This region is under provincial (Chubut and Santa Cruz Provinces) but also national jurisdiction, and several institutions are engaged in research as well management, so the area represents a challenge for research and management policies. The goal of this article is to acknowledge the importance of GSJ, to present the main results of ongoing research, and highlight the need of building, carrying on and sustaining a research and monitoring program in the long term, focusing on ecosystem services and human impacts. Advances are contextualized in national and international frameworks, not only due to the importance of new scientific knowledgement achieved, but also for the response and collaboration of several institutions to the need of constructing a multidisciplinary program with an Ecosystem Approach, requested by Pampa Azul.

Crítica política del concepto occidental moderno de género desde una perspectiva feminista descolonial e interseccional; A Political Critique of the Contemporary Western Notion of Gender from a Decolonial Intersectional Feminist Approach; Critica politica do conceito ocidental moderno de gênero desde uma perspectiva feminista decolonial e interseccional Parra, Valeria Fabiana Frente al pensamiento occidental moderno –en el que subyace una lógica dicotómica y jerárquica– argumento que la producción de conocimientos situada, inclusiva e interseccional, constituye una alternativa tanto epistemológica como política para descolonizar nuestros feminismos. Para ello, propongo trazar genealogías feministas desde el sur porque al centrarse en las experiencias vividas en nuestra región permiten mostrar el carácter situado de todo saber; y comprender la opresión desde una perspectiva interseccional.; Facing contemporary Western thinking –with an underlying dichotomic hierarchic rationale– I argue that situated, inclusive and intersectional knowledge production makes up both an epistemological and a political alternative to decolonize our feminisms. In tandem with this, I suggest to devise feminist genealogies from the South, as by centering in experiences lived in our region, they allow for displaying the situated nature of all and every learning and understand oppression from an intersectional point of view.; Diante o pensamento ocidental moderno – que sustenta uma lógica dicotómica e hierárquica– argumento que a produção de conhecimentos situada, inclusiva e interseccional constitui uma alternativa tanto epistemológica quanto politica para descolonizar nossos feminismos. Para isso, proponho traçar genealogias feministas desde o sul centradas nas experiências vividas em nossa região, assim, elas permitem mostrar o caráter situado de todo saber e compreender a opressão desde uma perspectiva interseccional.

Desarmando oleadas y trasplantes: El protestantismo histórico reconsiderado; Disarming waves and transplants: Historical Protestantism reconsidered Seiguer, Paula Este artículo plantea la necesidad de repensar los esquemas habituales que empleamos para caracterizar el derrotero de las iglesias protestantes históricas en la Argentina, y por extensión, en América Latina. Desde la publicación del trabajo seminal de Waldo Luis Villalpando, Christian Lalive D´Epinay y Dwain C. Epps, Las iglesias del trasplante, de 1970, se ha enfatizado la división entre iglesias migratorias y misioneras. Este planteo fue retomado y enriquecido por Hilario Wynarczyk y Pablo Semán en su artículo "Campo evangélico y pentecostalismo en la Argentina", de 1994, que describe cuatro vertientes u "oleadas" del protestantismo argentino, y que ha sido repetido en numerosas oportunidades. A la luz de los más recientes avances teóricos e históricos se pondrá en cuestión aquí tanto la existencia de "oleadas" homogéneas de iglesias que llegaron a la Argentina durante el siglo XIX y los inicios del siglo XX, y una visión demasiado lineal de su desarrollo, como la división entre iglesias inmigratorias e iglesias misioneras.; This article posits the need for rethinking the usual framework we employ to characterize the development of historical Protestant churches in Argentina and by extension in Latin America. Since the publishing of Waldo Luis Villalpando, Christian Lalive D'Epinay and Dwain C. Epps's seminal work, Las iglesias del trasplante, in 1970, the division between migrant and missionary churches has been emphasised. This schema was taken up and enriched by Hilario Wynarczyk and Pablo Semán in their article "Campo evangélico y pentecostalismo en la Argentina", of 1994, which describes four strands or "waves" of Argentine Protestantism, and has been restated multiple times. In the light of the most recent theoretical and historical advances both the existence of homogeneous "waves" of churches coming to Argentina during the 19th and the beginning of the 20th centuries, and a too-linear view of their development, and the division between migrant and missionary churches will be put into question here. The article also proposes that a less schematic approach would allow for a renewal of the questions on the conformation of the Evangelical field, and on the relations between different churches and the phenomenon of Pentecostalism

Masculinidades y subjetivización política en el movimiento obrero argentino a comienzos del siglo XX; Masculinities and processes of political subjectivization of the labour movement in Argentina at the beginning of the twentieth century Koppmann, Walter Ludovico El artículo analiza el proceso de construcción de las masculinidades obreras en la clase trabajadora de Buenos Aires durante las primeras décadas del siglo XX, valiéndose del estudio de caso de la industria de la madera y el mueble. Se identifican las líneas de demarcación del género mediante el análisis de los discursos, las prácticas y las formas de sociabilidad, utilizando la prensa obrera gremial como insumo principal. Dentro de este universo de sentidos, se estudia la intervención de las corrientes de izquierda (anarquistas, socialistas, sindicalistas revolucionarios) sobre los procesos de subjetivación política y organización sindical.; The article analyzes the process of construction of worker masculinities in the working class of Buenos Aires during the first decades of the twentieth century, using the case study of the wood and furniture industry. Gender demarcation lines are identified through the analysis of discourses, practices, and forms of sociability, using the union labor press as the main input. Within this universe of meanings, the intervention of left-wing currents (anarchists, socialists, revolutionary syndicalists) on the processes of political subjectivation and union organization was studied. Keywords: masculinities, working class, wood and furniture industry, union organization, Buenos Aires.

La "autogestión" en SEGBA: entramado conceptual de una experiencia singular (1964-1973) Scodeller, Gabriela Noemi El artículo analiza el entramado conceptual de la experiencia de “autogestión” desarrollada en SEGBA entre 1973 y 1976, argumentando que la misma se gestó en diálogo con los diversos modelos de gestión entonces disponibles a escala internacional y donde el caso yugoslavo circuló temprana y fuertemente por el imaginario lucifuercista. Busca advertir en qué clave la misma fue entonces discutida por sus protagonistas, lo cual permite descubrir una profunda reflexión al interior del Sindicato Luz y Fuerza Capital Federal en relación al tema de la participación, a la vez que muestra distintas concepciones en disputa al interior del sindicato que la puso en marcha. Para ello se observan los distintos viajes e intercambios de los dirigentes sindicales y técnicos vinculados al mismo, a través de su prensa sindical.

Moral y estrategia en la teoría social de Erving Goffman; Morality and strategy in Erving Goffman’s social theory Gonnet, Juan Pablo En la formulación de una teoría del orden social, frecuentemente se entiende que los componentes estratégicos y morales de la acción social constituyen fuerzas antagónicas. En este sentido, la teoría de la interacción de Erving Goffman, al abordar simultáneamente ambas dimensiones, ha sido descrita como ambigua, contradictoria e incluso complementaria. En este texto se sostiene que dichas interpretaciones resultan inadecuadas en tanto no dan cuenta del modo en el que Goffman redefine el vínculo entre moral y orden social. A partir de la reconstrucción de esta conceptualización, se pretende hacer comprensibles las interrelaciones que guardan los hechos normativos con el actuar estratégico.; In the development of a theory of social order, it is often understood that the moral and strategic dimensions of social action are opposite forces. Thus, Erving Goffman’s interaction theory, which simultaneously approaches both dimensions, has been described as ambiguous, contradictory and even complementary. In this article it is argued that these interpretations are inadequate, as they do not account for the way in which Goffman redefines the link between morality and social order. Starting from a reconstruction of this conceptualization, this paper purports to explain the relationships between normative facts and strategic action.

La relación entre los puntajes del Inventario de Comunicación Mac-Arthur Bates y la vulnerabilidad social en los primeros años de vida: una revisión sistemática; The relationship between Mac-Arthur Bates Communication Inventory scores and social vulnerability in the early years of life: a systematic review Gómez, Florencia N.; Sosa, Guadalupe; Castrillón, Diego; Morales, Leandro J.; Gago Galvagno, Lucas Gustavo Se entiende a la vulnerabilidad social como una variable multidimensional que involucra una combinación de eventos, rasgos y/o procesos que constituyen adversidades potenciales para ejercer los derechos humanos o alcanzar objetivos en la comunidad. Se ha observado que las habilidades lingüísticas, fuertemente ligadas al éxito académico, difieren según el nivel socioeconómico del contexto de crianza. Los Inventarios de Desarrollo Comunicativo de MacArthur Bates (CDI) son instrumentos que evalúan el desarrollo de las competencias comunicativas durante la primera infancia a través del reporte de un cuidador primario. El objetivo de la siguiente revisión sistemática será indagar las correlaciones entre el entorno socioeconómico y las competencias comunicativas, medidas con el CDI, en los primeros tres años de vida. Se encontraron diferencias respecto del desarrollo del habla, la comprensión y expresión del lenguaje en niños/as inmersos en contextos vulnerables, principalmente en aquellos infantes de entre 18 a 24 meses, previo a la inserción a la escolaridad formal. Se concluye que el CDI es un instrumento sensible a las diferencias socioeconómicas familiares, y que se deben realizar más estudios en culturas diversas y durante los primeros años de vida, para generar políticas públicas que logren paliar las diferencias en el desarrollo cognitivo infantil.; Social vulnerability is understood as a multidimensional variable that involves a combination of events, features and processes that enhance potential adversities against the compliance of human rights and the fulfillment of goals in the community. It has been proved that linguistic abilities, strongly related to academic achievement, differ depending on the socioeconomic level of the raising context. e MacArthur’Bates Communicative Development Inventories (CDI) is a tool that assesses the development of communicative competences during the early childhood based on the primary caregiver report. e aim of the following systematic review will be to find the correlations between the socioeconomic environment and the communicative competences, assessed with the CDI, in the first three years of life. e data analysis showed that low income children aged 18 - 24 months presented differences in both, their speech development, and their comprehensive / expressive language skills. It is concluded that the CDI is an assessment tool which is sensitive to the environment’s socioeconomic differences. In addition, more studies should be developed in diverse cultures and during the first years of life, in order to develop public policies that can alleviate the existing differences in infants’ cognitive development.

El archivo (sonoro) como proceso; The (Sound) Archive as a Process Garcia, Miguel Angel En los últimos años las prácticas asociadas a los archivos han sido objeto de críticas y redefiniciones por parte de varias disciplinas. Aunque se trata de un escenario sumamente ecléctico, las discusiones convergen en asignarle al archivo un carácter procesual, inestable e inacabado. Bajo esta nueva perspectiva, que en alguna medida renuncia a ver el archivo como un conjunto de documentos, una institución que acoge y administra los documentos o un edificio donde los documentos son albergados, el término ‘archivo’ está ampliando considerablemente su polisemia y, a la vez, tiende a convivir con expresiones y vocablos tales como ‘práctica archivística’, ‘archivación’, ‘archivalización’, an-archive, ‘multiverso archivístico’, ‘poética del archivo’, archivalterity y ‘anarchivismo’, entre otros. El propó­ sito del artículo consiste en presentar los lineamientos generales de esta perspectiva y sopesar sus alcances a partir de la observación de cómo un conjunto de grabaciones realizadas a principios del siglo XX en Tierra del Fuego, por Charles Wellington Furlong, fueron repro­ ducidas por diferentes tecnologías, interrogadas desde distintas disciplinas y teorías, y oídas bajo diferentes condiciones acústicas y disposiciones auditivas. La revisión del caso a la luz de la concepción procesual del archivo conduce, finalmente, a abrir una discusión entorno a la pregunta ¿qué almacena el archivo? y, más precisamente, ¿qué almacena el archivo sonoro?; In recent years, the practices associated with archives have been subject to crit­ icism and redefinition by various disciplines. Although it is a highly eclectic scenario, the discussions converge in assigning to the archive a processual, unstable and incomplete qual­ ity. Under this new perspective, which to some extent rejects seeing the archive as a set of documents, an institution that hosts and manages documents or a building where docu­ ments are housed, the term ‘archive’ is considerably expanding its polysemy and, at the same time, tends to coexist with expressions and words such as ‘archival practice’, ‘archivalization’, ‘an-archive’, ‘archival multiverse’, ‘poetics of the archive’, ‘archivalterity’ and ‘anarchivism’, among others. The purpose of the article is to present the general outlines of this perspective and to weigh its scope from the observation of how a set of recordings made in the early twentieth century in Tierra del Fuego, by Charles Wellington Furlong were reproduced with different technologies, interrogated from different disciplines and theories, and heard under different acoustic conditions and aural dispositions. The review of the case in the light of the processual conception of the archive leads, finally, to a discussion around the question: what does the archive store? and, more precisely, what does the sound archive store?

The impact of neighbourhood crime on mental health: a systematic review and meta-analysis Baranyi, Gergö; Di Marco, Martín Hernán; Russ, Tom C.; Dibben, Chris; Pearce, Jamie Background: Growing evidence indicates that the residential neighbourhood contributes to the complex aetiology of mental disorders. Although local crime and violence, key neighbourhood stressors, may be linked to mental health through direct and indirect pathways, studies are inconclusive. This systematic review and meta-analysis aimed to synthetize the evidence on the association between neighbourhood crime and individual-level mental health problems. Method: We searched 11 electronic databases, grey literature and reference lists to identify relevant studies published before September 14, 2020. Studies were included if they reported confounder-adjusted associations between objective or perceived area-level crime and anxiety, depression, psychosis or psychological distress/internalising symptoms in non-clinical samples. Effect measures were first converted into Fisher's z-s, pooled with three-level random-effects meta-analyses, and then transformed into Pearson's correlation coefficients. Univariate and multivariate mixed-effects models were used to explore between-study heterogeneity. Results: We identified 63 studies reporting associations between neighbourhood crime and residents’ mental health. Pooled associations were significant for depression (r = 0.04, 95% CI 0.03–0.06), psychological distress (r = 0.04, 95% CI 0.02–0.06), anxiety (r = 0.05, 95% CI 0.01–0.10), and psychosis (r = 0.04, 95% CI 0.01–0.07). Moderator analysis for depression and psychological distress identified stronger associations with perceived crime measurement and weaker in studies adjusted for area-level deprivation. Importantly, even after accounting for study characteristics, neighbourhood crime remained significantly linked to depression and psychological distress. Findings on anxiety and psychosis were limited due to low number of included studies. Conclusions: Neighbourhood crime is an important contextual predictor of mental health with implications for prevention and policy. Area-based crime interventions targeting the determinants of crime, prevention and service allocation to high crime neighbourhoods may have public mental health benefits. Future research should investigate the causal pathways between crime exposure and mental health, identify vulnerably groups and explore policy opportunities for buffering against the detrimental effect of neighbourhood stressors.

Influence of multiple reflections on the transmission coefficients of uniaxial plane-parallel plates Caro, Germán Eduardo; Veiras, Francisco Ezequiel; Acosta, Eduardo Omar; Perez, Liliana Ines A study on the influence of multiple reflections on the transmission coefficients of uniaxial plane–parallel plates is presented. Two representative models are analyzed: one that considers only the first transmission, and a rigorous one, taking into account the multiple reflections within the plate. Modules, phases, and the interference between p and s transmitted fields are evaluated in a wide range of angles of incidence by means of three emblematic examples that illustrate the effects of thickness, birefringence, and optical axis orientation. For simplicity, whereas the optical axis can form an arbitrary angle with the interface, it is restricted to the plane of incidence. A complete theoretical framework is provided along with general reference guidelines derived from numerical examples.

The erosive power of the Malvinas Current: Influence of bottom currents on morpho-sedimentary features along the northern Argentine margin (SW Atlantic Ocean) Wilckens, Henriette; Miramontes, Elda; Schwenk, Tilmann; Artana, Camila; Zhang, Wenyan; Piola, Alberto Ricardo; Baqués, Michele; Provost, Christine; Hernández Molina, F. Javier; Felgendreher, Meret; Spieß, Volkhard; Kasten, Sabine Sediment deposits formed mainly under the influence of bottom currents (contourites) are widely used as high-resolution archives for reconstructing past ocean conditions. However, the driving processes of Contourite Depositional Systems (CDS) are not entirely understood. The aim of this study is to establish a clearer link between contourite features and the oceanographic processes that form them. The morphosedimentary characteristics of a large CDS were analysed together with the current dynamics along the northern Argentine continental margin. This study combines multibeam bathymetry, seismo-acoustic data, sediment samples, vessel-mounted Acoustic Doppler Current Profiler (VM-ADCP) data and numerical modelling of ocean currents. The contouritic features include large contourite terraces (La Plata Terrace, Ewing Terrace) and an abraded surface connecting the terraces, as well as smaller erosional and depositional features like moats, erosion surfaces on the Ewing Terrace, sediment waves and contourite drifts. Measured and modelled near-bottom currents are vigorous (up to 63 cm/s at 150–200 m above the seafloor) where abraded surfaces and moats are present, and relatively weak (below 30 cm/s) on the La Plata Terrace and the Ewing Terrace. Generally, bottom currents follow the upper and middle slope morphology. Decreasing velocity of water masses flowing northward leads to less erosion and finer sediment deposits. ADCP data and the hydrodynamic model show the formation of eddies near the seafloor which probably lead to the small erosion surfaces on the Ewing Terrace, even though it is mainly a depositional environment. Overall, this study contributes to a better understanding of the formation of CDS and can help future reconstructions of past ocean conditions based on sedimentary structures.

Uso y desuso del principio de no intervención: un análisis de la política exterior argentina entre 1983 y 2007; Uso e desuso do princípio da não intervenção: uma análise da política externa argentina entre 1983 e 2007 Miranda, Roberto Alfredo; Jiménez Grotter, Virgilio Uno de los ejes principales de la tradición diplomática argentina fue el haber sostenido el principio de no intervención en los asuntos internos de un Estado. Sin embargo, desde la recuperación democrática en 1983 hasta 2007, es posible observar que Argentina distó de tener la misma posición internacional en torno al citado principio. De manera que el propósito del presente trabajo es analizar las políticas exteriores de los gobiernos de Raúl Alfonsín, Carlos Menem y Néstor Kirchner, desde una perspectiva comparativa, para determinar el uso que cada uno de estos presidentes hizo del mencionado principio frente a algunas situaciones domésticas de países latinoamericanos. El análisis se enfocó en la variable decisión de la política exterior, y para ello -como unidad de observación- se consideraron las acciones desplegadas por ésta política en los casos del conflicto centroamericano de los ochenta, la situación cubana y las crisis de Bolivia de 2003 y de 2005. Como consecuencia de este enfoque, se concluye que el uso del citado principio respondió al interés particular de cada gobierno, en lugar de replicar la experiencia histórica de la política exterior argentina, es decir, la de sostener una orientación estatal homogénea.; Um dos principais eixos da tradição diplomática argentina era ter sustentado o princípio da não intervenção nos assuntos internos de um Estado. No entanto, a partir da recuperação democrática de 1983 a 2007, é possível notar que a Argentina estava longe de ter a mesma posição internacional em torno desse princípio. Assim, o objetivo deste trabalho é analisar as políticas externas dos governos de Raúl Alfonsín, Carlos Menem e Nestor Kirchner, de uma perspectiva comparativa, para determinar o uso que cada um desses presidentes fez do princípio supracitado diante de algumas situações domésticas nos países latino-americanos. O estudo comparativo concentrou-se na decisão variável da política externa, e para isso – como unidade de observação – as ações tomadas por essa política foram consideradas nos casos do conflito centroamericano dos anos oitenta, da situação cubana e das crises da Bolívia em 2003 e 2005. Em consequência desta abordagem, conclui-se que o uso do referido princípio respondeu ao interesse particular de cada governo, em vez de replicar a experiência histórica da política externa argentina, ou seja, a de sustentar uma orientação estatal homogênea.

Política y moral en la producción de inteligencia: Las clasificaciones y sus sentidos en los archivos de inteligencia en períodos democráticos en Argentina; Politics and morality in the production of intelligence: Classifications and their meanings in the intelligence archivesin democratic periods in Argentina Muzzopappa, María Eva; Schnyder, Maria Celeste Este trabajo analiza documentos del D2 de la policí­a de Santiago del Estero y de la oficina de inteligencia de una Base Aeronaval en Chubut con el objetivo de identificar sus clasificaciones para la identificación de actores y preguntarse, a partir de allí­, respecto del rol de los organismos de información e inteligencia durante los perí­odos democráticos. Este aspecto, que sigue siendo una de las deudas de la democracia argentina, fue materia de legislación en 2001 con la sanción de la Ley de Inteligencia Nacional 25.520. Sin embargo, el hallazgo de archivos militares y policiales que ocupan a este artí­culo dan cuenta de la continuidad de la práctica de investigación de antecedentes, reunión de información y producción de inteligencia por razones polí­ticas sobre ciudadanos e instituciones. Esto abre interrogantes en torno a la idea de que el sentido de los documentos responde exclusivamente a las funciones formales del organismo productor. Antes bien, deben ser considerados como artefactos sociales que encarnan y reproducen repertorios culturales polí­ticos de largo aliento, que forman parte de la llamada “baja polí­tica” pero que inciden en los procesos, conflictos y decisiones que se despliegan en la dimensión institucional de la polí­tica.; his paper analyzes documents of the D2 of theSantiago del Estero police and the intelligence office NavalAir Base in Chubut with the objective of identifying theirclassifications and meanings to ask, from there, about the role ofthe information and intelligence agencies during the democraticperiods. This aspect, which is still one of the debts of Argentinedemocracy, was the subject of legislation in 2001. However, thediscovery of military and police archives that are the subjectof this article shows the continuity of the practice of recordresearch, information collect and intelligence production forpolitical reasons on citizens and institutions. This raise questionsabout the idea that the meaning of the documents respondsexclusively to the formal functions of the producing agency.Rather, they should be considered as social artifacts that embodyand reproduce long-standing political cultural repertoires, which are part of the so-called "low politics" but have an impact on theprocesses, conflicts and decisions that unfold in the institutionaldimension of politics.

Digital Narratives of COVID-19: A Twitter Dataset for Text Analysis in Spanish Allés Torrent, Susanna; del Rio, María Gimena; Bonnell, Jerry; Song, Dieyun; Hernández, Nidia Digital Narratives of COVID-19 (DHCovid) offers a curated Twitter corpus of digital conversations about the Coronavirus pandemic. The dataset is collected through a script via Twitter’s Application Programming Interface (API) starting on April 24th, 2020, and stored on GitHub as an open access repository of tweet identifiers that can be consulted, downloaded, and reused by scholars interested in Natural Language Processing (NLP), topic modelling, and other quantitative methods. A stable version of the dataset has also been released through Zenodo. Twitter datasets are structured in three main collections: tweets in Spanish worldwide; geolocated tweets in six Spanishspeaking areas spanning North and Central America (Mexico, Columbia, Ecuador), South America (Argentina, Peru), and Europe (Spain); and geolocated tweets in English and Spanish from the greater Miami area in South Florida.