Discurso pronunciado por el Dr. Lewis W. Hackett agradeciendo cena de despedida: Septiembre 12 de 1949 Hackett, Lewis W. Colegas y amigos. Estoy algo cohibido por esta demostración de aprecio y estima. Tengo una pequeña dificultad en identificarme con la persona motivo de este homenaje, y me hago la ilusión de ser un espectador. Esto es en parte, supongo, debido a que mi subconciencia desea eludir esta despedida final de los amigos y de las actividades que han llenado mi vida durante un servicio activo de 35 años. Pero la razón principal sin duda por qué me siento un podo extraño y un poco incómodo en esta reunión es debido a que cuando personas como yo alcanzan la edad de retrospección, sabernos muy bién que nosotros dejamos de conocer tanto como lo que pretendemos, y que no hemos cumplido la mitad de lo que se nos atribuye [...].

Acción de la tiroides sobre el metabolismo de los hidratos de carbono y en la diabetes [monografía] Houssay, Bernardo A. Esta pequeña monografía tiene por fin exponer los principales hechos y conclusiones que se conocen sobre el papel fisiológico que ejerce la tiroides sobre el metabolismo de los hidratos de carbono tanto en el estado normal como en el patológico, así como su acción farmacológica sobre dicho metabolismo. Se ha investigado la acción fisiológica y farmacológica de la tiroides sobre la glucemia, la absorción intestinal de los azúcares y las curvas de tolerancia, y sobre la formación y conservación del glucógeno en diversos órganos. También se ha estudiado la influencia del hipertiroidismo y del hipotiroidismo en la producción y en la prevención de la diabetes. Se han realizado además algunas investigaciones sobre los cambios que experimentan los islotes del páncreas y la secreción de insulina, tanto en el hiper como en el hipotiroidismo, abriéndose así un campo interesante de investigaciones que deberán ser proseguidas y completadas. Más recientemente se ha planteado el estudio de la influencia de la tiroides sobre la función homeostática del hígado, considerada como el eje de la regulación de la glucemia y del metabolismo de los hidratos de carbono.

An Analytic Cognitive Style Negatively Predicts a More Literal but Not a More Symbolic Religiosity Type Freidin, Esteban; Acera Martini, Luz The idea that a more analytic cognitive style is associated with lower religiosity is a theoretical prediction that has been challenged by some empirical findings. We conducted three studies with Argentine participants (N = 719) to clarify this issue. In Study 1, we replicated the negative correlation between analytic cognitive style, measured with the Cognitive Reflection Test, and Belief in Supernatural Agents, Intrinsic, and Intuitive Religiosity. In Studies 2 and 3, participants responded to the Post-Critical Beliefs Scale which measures both the presence of a transcendent dimension in beliefs and the extent to which literal-vs.-symbolic beliefs are endorsed, and we also tested for individual differences in Need for Cognitive Closure. Results showed that a more analytic cognitive style negatively predicted both inclusion of transcendence and a literal interpretation of religious ideas. Moreoever, an analytic cognitive style was negatively associated with a literal but not with a symbolic inclusion of transcendence in beliefs. In turn, higher scores of closed-mindedness were positively associated with a more literal interpretation of religion. We conclude that present data support the hypothesis that religiosity may be negatively associated with an analytic cognitive style, but individuals who experience religion more symbolically do not accommodate to that pattern.

ChemVA: Interactive visual analysis of chemical compound similarity in virtual screening Sabando, María Virginia; Ulbrich, Pavol; Selzer, Matias Nicolas; Byska, Jan; Mican, Jan; Ponzoni, Ignacio; Soto, Axel Juan; Ganuza, María Luján; Kozlikova, Barbora In the modern drug discovery process, medicinal chemists deal with the complexity of analysis of large ensembles of candidate molecules. Computational tools, such as dimensionality reduction (DR) and classification, are commonly used to efficiently process the multidimensional space of features. These underlying calculations often hinder interpretability of results and prevent experts from assessing the impact of individual molecular features on the resulting representations. To provide a solution for scrutinizing such complex data, we introduce ChemVA, an interactive application for the visual exploration of large molecular ensembles and their features. Our tool consists of multiple coordinated views: Hexagonal view, Detail view, 3D view, Table view, and a newly proposed Difference view designed for the comparison of DR projections. These views display DR projections combined with biological activity, selected molecular features, and confidence scores for each of these projections. This conjunction of views allows the user to drill down through the dataset and to efficiently select candidate compounds. Our approach was evaluated on two case studies of finding structurally similar ligands with similar binding affinity to a target protein, as well as on an external qualitative evaluation. The results suggest that our system allows effective visual inspection and comparison of different high-dimensional molecular representations. Furthermore, ChemVA assists in the identification of candidate compounds while providing information on the certainty behind different molecular representations.

Houssay como mentor: entrevista al Dr. Jorge Blaquier en el marco del proyecto Houssay y Leloir Blaquier, Jorge El Dr. Jorge Blaquier comparte su experiencia como discípulo de Houssay en el IBYME, también se refiere a la importancia de los procesos formativos y brinda información contextual. Contenido: Cómo conoció a Houssay (al 01 seg.) - Houssay como mentor, anécdotas ( a los 2 min., 14 seg.) - Tradiciones del IBYME: café y seminarios ( a los 06 min.,16 seg.) - Características de un buen mentor (a los 08 min., 58 seg.) - Palabras a los jóvenes científicos (a los 11 min. , 07 seg.) - El legado de Houssay (a los 12 min., 27 seg.) - Sobre la Escuela Houssay ( a los13 min., 04 seg.).

Auto-deconvolution and molecular networking of gas chromatography–mass spectrometry data Aksenov, Alexander A.; Laponogov, Ivan; Zhang, Zheng; Doran, Sophie L. F.; Belluomo, Ilaria; Veselkov, Dennis; Bittremieux, Wout; Nothias, Louis Felix; Nothias Esposito, Mélissa; Maloney, Katherine N.; Misra, Biswapriya B.; Melnik, Alexey V.; Smirnov, Aleksandr; Du, Xiuxia; Jones, Kenneth L.; Dorrestein, Kathleen; Panitchpakdi, Morgan; Ernst, Madeleine; van der Hooft, Justin J. J.; Gonzalez, Mabel; Carazzone, Chiara; Amézquita, Adolfo; Callewaert, Chris; Morton, James T.; Quinn, Robert A.; Bouslimani, Amina; Albarracín Orio, Andrea Georgina; Petras, Daniel; Smania, Andrea; Couvillion, Sneha P.; Burnet, Meagan C.; Nicora, Carrie D.; Zink, Erika; Metz, Thomas O.; Artaev, Viatcheslav; Humston Fulmer, Elizabeth; Gregor, Rachel; Meijler, Michael M.; Mizrahi, Itzhak; Eyal, Stav; Anderson, Brooke; Dutton, Rachel; Lugan, Raphaël; Boulch, Pauline Le; Guitton, Yann; Prevost, Stephanie; Poirier, Audrey; Dervilly, Gaud; Le Bizec, Bruno; Fait, Aaron; Persi, Noga Sikron; Song, Chao; Gashu, Kelem; Coras, Roxana; Guma, Monica; Manasson, Julia; Scher, Jose U.; Barupal, Dinesh Kumar; Alseekh, Saleh; Fernie, Alisdair R.; Mirnezami, Reza; Vasiliou, Vasilis; Schmid, Robin; Borisov, Roman S.; Kulikova, Larisa N.; Knight, Rob; Wang, Mingxun; Hanna, George B.; Dorrestein, Pieter; Veselkov, Kirill We engineered a machine learning approach, MSHub, to enable auto-deconvolution of gas chromatography–mass spectrometry (GC–MS) data. We then designed workflows to enable the community to store, process, share, annotate, compare and perform molecular networking of GC–MS data within the Global Natural Product Social (GNPS) Molecular Networking analysis platform. MSHub/GNPS performs auto-deconvolution of compound fragmentation patterns via unsupervised non-negative matrix factorization and quantifies the reproducibility of fragmentation patterns across samples.

Argentina Premios Nobel: Bernardo Houssay Breve reseña sobre la vida de Houssay y su hallazgo científico por el cual fue premiado con el Nobel en 1947.

Dia del Investigador Científico Dr. Bernardo A. Houssay Un recorrido por la vida de Houssay con motivo de conmemorarse el Dia del Investigador Científico, en homenaje a su natialicio (10/04/1887)..

Recorriendo los 70 años del IBYME Video con motivo del 70° aniversario del Instituto de Biología y Medicina Experimental, primer instituto de investigación en ciencia básica privado de la Argentina. Fue fundado en 1944 por el Dr. Bernardo Alberto Houssay.

Orden, claridad, precisión y rigurosidad en el discurso de Houssay Discurso de Houssay sobre la investigación científica: su necesidad y la condición necesaria de libertad para que florezca.

Contact fatigue behavior of α-Al2O3-Ti(C,N) CVD coated WC-Co under dry and wet conditions Sosa, Amadeo Daniel; Collado Ciprés, V.; García, J.L.; Dalibón, E.L.; Escalada, Lisandro; Roa, J.J.; Soldera, F.; Brühl, Sonia Patricia; Llanes, L.; Simison, Silvia Noemi The response to cycling contact fatigue load of a WC-6%Co carbide coated with a Ti(C,N)/α-Al2O3 CVD multilayer was investigated in dry and wet conditions. Imprints in dry conditions were characterized by small thin cracks forming a circumference at the maximum radii of the imprint. The damaged coating was totally present in the final imprint of the dry test. Wet indentations showcase an area in the imprint where the α-Al2O3 layer has been removed throughout a ring but was kept at the center of the indentation, suggesting that the coating damage under cycling contact load in wet conditions is dominated by α-Al2O3 degradation, associated with a fretting effect or tangential loads accelerating the fatigue-corrosion of the alumina layer.

Applying a Taguchi-based fuzzy logic approach to optimize hydrothermal pretreatment of canola seeds using multi-response performance index; Application d’une approche de logique floue de type Taguchi pour optimiser le prétraitement hydrothermique des graines de canola en utilisant l’indice de performance multiréponse Sánchez, Ramiro Julián; Blas, María Julia; Fernández, María Belén; Nolasco, Susana Maria The Taguchi method with fuzzy logic was applied for optimizing the hydrothermal pretreatment of canola with multiple performance responses (oil extraction yield, free acidity and peroxide index) using published data. The canola seeds had been subjected to hydrothermal pretreatments using steam in an autoclave whose base was perforated, under different conditions of temperature (100, 120 and 130 °C), time (5, 15 and 30 min) and granulometry (entire, broken and ground seeds), and the responses were measured as performance characteristics of the process. The output value that represents the responses was called multi-response performance index (MRPI), and the significance of the experimental factors was analyzed by ANOVA. A confirmation test of the optimum parameters was carried out to verify the optimum parameters, obtaining a predicted MRPI of 0.588, while the experimental value was of 0.849, and the MRPI calculated using the predicted values from the literature was of 0.577.; La méthode de Taguchi à logique floue a été appliquée pour optimiser le prétraitement hydrothermique du canola prenant en compte de multiples réponses de performance (rendement d’extraction de l’huile, acidité libre et indice de peroxyde) en utilisant des données publiées. Les graines de canola ont été soumises à des prétraitements hydrothermiques à la vapeur dans un autoclave dont la base était perforée, sous différentes conditions de température (100, 120 et 130 °C), de durée (5, 15 et 30 min) et de granulométrie (graines entières, brisées et broyées), et les réponses ont été mesurées en tant que caractéristiques de performance du procédé. La valeur de sortie qui représente les réponses a été appelée indice de performance multi-réponse (MRPI), et l’importance des facteurs expérimentaux a été analysée par ANOVA (analyse de variance). Un test de confirmation des paramètres optimaux a été effectué pour vérifier les paramètres optimaux, obtenant un MRPI prédit de 0,588, alors que la valeur expérimentale était de 0,849 ; le MRPI calculé en utilisant les valeurs prédites de la littérature était de 0,577.

Anthropogenic Perturbations to the Atmospheric Molybdenum Cycle Wong, Michelle Y.; Rathod, Sagar D.; Marino, Roxanne; Li, Longlei; Howarth, Robert W.; Alastuey, Andres; Alaimo, Maria Grazia; Barraza, Francisco; Carneiro, Manuel Castro; Chellam, Shankararaman; Chen, Yu Cheng; Cohen, David D.; Connelly, David; Dongarra, Gaetano; Gómez, Darió; Hand, Jenny; Harrison, R.M.; Hopke, Philip K.; Hueglin, Christoph; Kuang, Yuan Wen; Lambert, Fabrice; Liang, James; Losno, Remi; Maenhaut, Willy; Milando, Chad; Monteiro, Maria Inês Couto; Morera Gómez, Yasser; Querol, Xavier; Rodríguez, Sergio; Smichowski, Patricia Nora; Varrica, Daniela; Xiao, Yi Hua; Xu, Yangjunjie; Mahowald, Natalie M. Molybdenum (Mo) is a key cofactor in enzymes used for nitrogen (N) fixation and nitrate reduction, and the low availability of Mo can constrain N inputs, affecting ecosystem productivity. Natural atmospheric Mo aerosolization and deposition from sources such as desert dust, sea-salt spray, and volcanoes can affect ecosystem function across long timescales, but anthropogenic activities such as combustion, motor vehicles, and agricultural dust have accelerated the natural Mo cycle. Here we combined a synthesis of global atmospheric concentration observations and modeling to identify and estimate anthropogenic sources of atmospheric Mo. To project the impact of atmospheric Mo on terrestrial ecosystems, we synthesized soil Mo data and estimated the global distribution of soil Mo using two approaches to calculate turnover times. We estimated global emissions of atmospheric Mo in aerosols (<10 μm in diameter) to be 23 Gg Mo yr−1, with 40%–75% from anthropogenic sources. We approximated that for the top meter of soil, Mo turnover times range between 1,000 and 1,000,000 years. In some industrialized regions, anthropogenic inputs have enhanced Mo deposition 100-fold, lowering the soil Mo turnover time considerably. Our synthesis of global observational data, modeling, and a mass balance comparison with riverine Mo exports suggest that anthropogenic activity has greatly accelerated the Mo cycle, with potential to influence N-limited ecosystems.

Modelos multivariados en la búsqueda de regiones genómicas para resistencia a Mal de Río Cuarto y bacteriosis en maiz; Multi traits models for genomic regions associated with Mal de Río Cuarto and bacterial disease in maize Ruiz, Marcos; Rossi, Ezequiel Alejandro; Bonamico, Natalia Cecilia; Balzarini, Monica Graciela La producción de maíz (Zea Mays L.) ha sido ampliamente beneficiada con la mejora de líneas endocriadas respecto a la resistencia a enfermedades causadas por virus y hongos.Sin embargo, es notable la ausencia de genotipos resistentes a bacteriosis. El objetivo delpresente estudio fue identificar regiones genómicas para la mejora de resistencia a Mal deRío Cuarto (MRC) y a bacteriosis (BD) en un germoplasma diverso de maíz. Se evaluó, paraambas enfermedades, una población diversa de líneas de maíz en el ciclo de cultivo 2019-2020en la región argentina donde la virosis MRC es endémica. Se estimó incidencia y severidad deMRC y BD en cada línea y se realizó un estudio de mapeo por asociación (GWAS) con 78.376marcadores SNPs. Un modelo multicarácter se utilizó para evaluar simultáneamente laresistencia a MRC y BD en las líneas evaluadas. El germoplasma evidenció alta variabilidadgenética tanto para la mejora de la resistencia a MRC como a BD, pero no se observócorrelación genética significativa entre la respuesta a ambas enfermedades. Se identificaronregiones genómicas promisorias para resistencia a MRC y a BD, que serán confirmadas enevaluaciones en nuevos ambientes.; Maize (Zea Mays L.) production has been greatly benefited from the improvement of inbred lines in regard to the resistance to diseases. However, the absence of resistant genotypes to bacteriosis is remarkable. The aim of the study was to identify genomic regions for resistance to Mal de Río Cuarto (MRC) and to bacterial disease (BD) in a diverse maize germplasm evaluated in the Argentinian region where MRC virus is endemic. A maize diverse population was assessed for both diseases during the 2019-2020 crop season. Incidence and severity of MRC and BD were estimated for each line and a genome wide association study (GWAS) was conducted with 78,376 SNP markers. A multi-trait mixed linear model was used for simultaneous evaluation of resistance to MRC and BD in the scored lines. The germplasm showed high genetic variability for both MRC and BD resistance. No significant genetic correlation was observed between the response to both diseases. Promising genomic regions for resistance to MRC and BD were identified and will be confirmed in further trials.

Inhibition of flippase-like activity by tubulin regulates phosphatidylserine exposure in erythrocytes from hypertensive and diabetic patients Muhlberger, Tamara; Balach, Melisa Micaela; Bisig, Carlos Gaston; Santander, Verónica Silvina; Monesterolo, Noelia Edith; Casale, Cesar Horacio; Campetelli, Alexis Nazareno Plasma membrane tubulin is an endogenous regulator of P-ATPases and the unusual accumulation of tubulin in the erythrocyte membrane results in a partial inhibition of some their activities, causing hemorheological disorders like reduced cell deformability and osmotic resistance. These disorders are of particular interest in hypertension and diabetes, where the abnormal increase in membrane tubulin may be related to the disease development. Phosphatidylserine (PS) is more exposed on the membrane of diabetic erythrocytes than in healthy cells. In most cells, PS is transported from the exoplasmic to the cytoplasmic leaflet of the membrane by lipid flippases. Here, we report that PS is more exposed in erythrocytes from both hypertensive and diabetic patients than in healthy erythrocytes, which could be attributed to the inhibition of flippase activity by tubulin. This is supported by: (i) the translocation rate of a fluorescent PS analog in hypertensive and diabetic erythrocytes was slower than in healthy cells, (ii) the pharmacological variation of membrane tubulin in erythrocytes and K562 cells was linked to changes in PS translocation and (iii) the P-ATPase-dependent PS translocation in inside-out vesicles (IOVs) from human erythrocytes was inhibited by tubulin. These results suggest that tubulin regulates flippase activity and hence, the membrane phospholipid asymmetry.

Association mapping to identify molecular markers associated with resistance genes to stink bugs in soybean Ghione, Celina Elena; Lombardo, Lucio Andrés; Vicentin, Ignacio Gabriel; Heinz, Ruth Amelia Damage generated by insects is one of main restricting factors for soybean production. Stink bugs are a great threat within pests because, by feeding mainly on pods, they cause direct and irreversible damage to developing seeds. Thus, plant resistance is an important management strategy to reduce insect population impact on yield losses. Association mapping can be used as a powerful tool for dissecting resistance mechanisms in soybean, more specifically to recover functional loci involved in plant defense against herbivorous insects; and can also provide valuable markers for the development of soybean cultivars with resistance. The purpose of this study was to identify molecular markers associated with resistance genes to stink bugs in a collection of soybean germplasm, using the association mapping strategy. According to the decline value in the linkage disequilibrium, an accurate power of mapping resolution was predicted in this population. Four associated markers located in chromosomes 6 and 15 were identified. Out of the 112 candidate genes close to them, 31 would encode proteins related to defense pathways triggered by the attack of herbivorous insects. The proteins encoded by these candidate genes could be associated to the jasmonic acid pathway. The main contribution of this study was the identification of molecular markers associated with resistance genes to stink bugs. These markers will be a useful tool for marker-assisted selection applied to soybean genetic breeding.

The condition number of the static gains matrix as a quality index in LPV IO MIMO multi-objective identification Chuk, Oscar Daniel; Scaglia, Gustavo Juan Eduardo; Rodriguez Medina, Carlos Gustavo A quality index of linear multivariable models is presented in this paper, with application to linear parameter varying (LPV) systems. The index is based on the condition number of the static gains matrix of the process. An example of use in the identification by means of multi-objective optimisation of a non-linear process of two inputs and two outputs verifies the importance of the use of such index, in particular, if the identified model will be used for the synthesis of controllers.

Aspect ratio of nano/microstructures determines Staphylococcus aureus adhesion on PET and titanium surfaces Meinshausen, A. K.; Herbster, M.; Zwahr, C.; Soldera, Marcos Maximiliano; Müller, A.; Halle, T.; Lasagni, A. F.; Bertrand, J. Aims: Joint infections cause premature implant failure. The avoidance of bacterial colonization of implant materials by modification of the material surface is therefore the focus of current research. In this in vitro study the complex interaction of periodic structures on PET and titanium surfaces on the adhesion of Staphylococcus aureus is analysed. Methods and Results: Using direct laser interference patterning as well as roll-to-roll hot embossing methods, structured periodic textures of different spatial distance were produced on surfaces and S. aureus were cultured for 24 h on these. The amount of adhering bacteria was quantified using fluorescence microscopy and the local adhesion behaviour was investigated using scanning electron microscopy. For PET structures, minimal bacterial adhesion was identified for an aspect ratio of about 0·02. On titanium structures, S. aureus adhesion was significantly decreased for profile heights of < 200 nm. Our results show a significantly decreased bacterial adhesion for structures with an aspect ratio range of 0·02 to 0·05. Conclusions: We show that structuring on surfaces can decrease the amount of S. aureus on titanium and PET as common implant materials. Significance and Impact of the Study: The study highlights the immense potential of applying specific structures to implant materials to prevent implant colonization with pathogen bacteria.

Versatile nanoadsorbents based on magnetic mesostructured silica nanoparticles with tailored surface properties for organic pollutants removal Peralta, Marcos Emanuel; Martire, Daniel Osvaldo; Moreno, Mario Sergio Jesus; Parolo, María Paula; Carlos, Luciano This paper addresses the development of new magnetic silica-based nanoadsorbents and evaluates their potential application in the removal of contaminants of emerging concern (CECs), polyaromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) and aliphatic hydrocarbons. For this purpose, magnetic iron oxide nanoparticles were covered with a hybrid shell of silica and 3-(trimethoxysilyl)propyl-octadecyldimethyl-Ammonium chloride (TPODAC) as structure directing agent. The as-prepared hybrid material (MMST) was further modified with trimethoxyphenylsilane, obtaining a phenyl-functionalized nanoadsorbent (MMST-Ph). Both materials were thoroughly characterized with diverse physicochemical techniques, and batch sorption tests with single-contaminant and with mixtures of contaminants were performed. MMST-Ph proved to be more efficient for the adsorption of PAHs and aliphatic hydrocarbons. The presence of TPODAC and phenyl moieties anchored on the mesostructured silica frameworks resulted to be a key factor to obtain high PAHs uptakes from aqueous media. In the case of CECs, ibuprofen (IBU), diclofenac (DCF) and carbamazepine (CBZ) were tested. These experiments demonstrated that even though MMST possesses better adsorption capacities of CECs, MMST-Ph achieved high IBU and DCF uptakes. Regeneration and reuse experiments showed that MMST-Ph can be reused in eight cycles without losing the adsorption capacity of anthracene. In the case of MMST, there was a 42% drop in the adsorption capacity of ibuprofen in the second cycle, whereas in the next seven cycles the adsorption capacity remained constant.The promising results obtained in this work strengthen the potential application of surface-modified magnetic silica nanoparticles for the removal of different types of organic pollutants from waters.

Influence of plastic deformation in fatigue crack behavior in bainitic steel Marinelli, María Cecilia; Balbi, Marcela Ángela; Krupp, U. In the present paper, the behavior of fatigue microcracks is studied in a high-strength bainitic steel with the aim of identifying the microstructural features that influence the mode of initiation and propagation of microcracks. For this study, a gradual monitoring of surface damage during low-cycle fatigue test at different plastic strain ranges was carried out by means of light optical and electron microscopy along with EBSD data analysis. Moreover, the dislocation structure near the surface was analyzed and correlated with the crack initiation site. The results showed a change with respect to cracking mechanisms from 0.2% plastic strain.