Ciencia y Tecnología
Interrupción voluntaria del embarazo
Provera, Diego Horacio; Peidro, Santiago; la Tessa, Mirta Lidia
El 25 de Enero de 1920, Sophie Freud, de 26 años, moría en un hospital de Hamburgo. En aquel entonces se sospechó que había ingresado por un aborto mal practicado. El 15 de febrero del mismo año, Sigmund Freud le envió una carta a Arthur Lippman, médico de Sophie. Allí le decía: “El infeliz destino corrido por mi hija me parece albergar en otro aspecto una advertencia que nuestro gremio no suele tomar muy en serio. En vista de una ley necia e inhumana que obliga a continuar con el embarazo aún a mujeres que no lo desean…” (Publicado en Cartas a sus hijos, S. Freud, p 605. Ed Paidos). Durante el curso de este año el tema de la interrupción voluntaria del embarazo cobró gran importancia en nuestro país. Tal es así que, por primera vez en la historia argentina, la despenalización del aborto llegó a debatirse en los recintos de la Cámara de Diputados y en el Senado de la Nación. Muchas voces se escucharon, sobre todo en las audiencias preliminares al debate de los legisladores. Con argumentos de lo más variados, tanto a favor como en contra del proyecto presentado, el intercambio fue extenso y profundo...
Constitucionalismo social como democracia económica: Una relectura de la Constitución de Weimar a la luz del aporte de Hugo Sinzheimer
Constitucionalismo social como democracia económica: Una relectura de la Constitución de Weimar a la luz del aporte de Hugo Sinzheimer; Social constitucionalism as economic democracy: A reinterpretation of the Weimar Constitucion in the light of Hugo Sinzheimer´s contribution
Vita, Leticia Jesica
Este artículo tiene como objetivo revisar el trabajo de la Asamblea Nacional de Weimar y en particular el de uno de sus diputados, Hugo Sinzheimer, a fin de reinterpretar el alcance del tipo de constitucionalismo social que se diseñó en la Alemania de 1919. Se parte del supuesto de que el trabajo de la Asamblea Nacional de Weimar en lo que refiere al diseño de un modelo de Estado social y la inclusión de nuevos derechos sociales no ha recibido demasiada atención de la academia porque sigue predominando, en gran medida, una lectura de la Constitución de Weimar como la de una Constitución “fallida”. A partir, entonces, de un análisis de las transcripciones de los debates de la Asamblea Nacional de Weimar y en particular de la comisión constitucional, se busca reinterpretar el alcance de las disposiciones diseñadas a la luz del aporte del diputado socialdemócrata Hugo Sinzheimer a la Asamblea. Este análisis permite concluir que el tipo de constitucionalismo social en el que innovó la Asamblea Nacional de Weimar merece ser reinterpretado a partir de la idea de democracia económica, que subyace a las disposiciones principales de la sección económica de la Constitución y que proviene del pensamiento de Sinzheimer sobre el derecho laboral.; This article deals with the work of the Weimar National Assembly and in particular Hugo Sinzheimer´s one, in order to reinterpret the type of social constitutionalism that was designed in 1919. It is based on the assumption that role of the Weimar National Assembly in regard to the design of a model of social state and the inclusion of new social rights has not received much attention from the academy because a reading of the Constitution as a "failed" one prevails. From a detailed analysis of the transcripts of the debates, the aim is to reinterpret the scope of the social provisions designed, especially, those made by Hugo Sinzheimer. This analysis leads to the conclusion that the type of social constitutionalism in which the Weimar National Assembly innovated could be interpreted on the basis of the idea of economic democracy, which is behind to the main provisions of the economic section of the Constitution and that is connected with Sinzheimer´s ideas about labour law.
Aislamiento de una cepa de Enterococcus mundtii bacteriocinogénico proveniente de Hemiodema spectabilis (pepino de mar)
Aislamiento de una cepa de Enterococcus mundtii bacteriocinogénico proveniente de Hemiodema spectabilis (pepino de mar)
Vallejo, Marisol; Sosa, Franco Matías; Parada, Romina Belén; Aguirre, Luis; Marguet, Emilio Rogelio
En este estudio se evaluó la actividad antibacteriana de una cepa de Enterococcus mundtii tw278 productora de bacteriocina aislada del contenido intestinal de Hemiodema spectabilis (pepino de mar), recolectado en la costa patagónica de la Argentina. La cepa se identificó mediante pruebas bioquímicas y análisis filogenético del gen ARNr 16S. Además, se detectó el gen estructural que codifica para la mundticina KS mediante técnicas de PCR. La investigación de los factores de virulencia reveló que la cepa de E. mundtii tw278 no presentó actividad gelatinasa ni hemolítica y fue susceptible a todos los antibióticos analizados, excepto la cefalotina. La máxima actividad inhibitoria se logró al final de la fase logarítmica cuando se utilizó el caldo MRS como medio de cultivo a 35 °C. Luego de 12 h de incubación, el sobrenadante libre de células (SLC) alcanzó un título de 163 840 unidades arbitrarias por mililitro contra la cepa indicadora de Listeria innocua ATCC 33090. El SLC exhibió actividad contra todas las cepas de Listeria ensayadas, Enterococcus faecalis ATCC 29212, enterococos resistentes a vancomicina (Van A, Van B y Van C), Lactobacillus plantarum TwLb 5 y Vibrio anguilarum V10. Este sería el primer estudio que informa el aislamiento de una cepa bacteriocinogénica de E. mundtii aislada del contenido intestinal de Hemiodema spectabilis.; This study was conducted to evaluate the antibacterial activity of a bacteriocinproducing Enterococcus mundtii tw278 strain isolated from the intestinal content of Hemiodema spectabilis (sea cucumber) sampled in the Patagonian coast of Argentine. The strain was identified by biochemical tests and 16S rRNA gene phylogenetic analyses. The structural gene that codifies mundticin KS was detected by PCR. Investigation of virulence factors revealed that E. mundtii tw278 did not display gelatinase or hemolytic activity and was susceptible to all antibiotics assayed, except cefalotin. Maximum inhibitory activity was achieved at the end of logarithmic phase when MRS broth was used as culture media at 35 °C. After 12 h of incubation, cell-free supernatant (CFS) reached a titre of 163 840 arbitrary units per mililitre against the target bacteria Listeria innocua ATCC 33090. CFS showed activity against all the Listeria strains assayed, Enterococcus faecalis ATCC 29212, vancomycin-resistant enterococci (Van A, Van B and Van C), Lactobacillus plantarum TwLb 5 and Vibrio anguilarum V10. This would be the first study to report the isolation of a bacteriocinogenic E. mundtii strain from intestinal content of Hemiodema spectabilis.
El noroeste argentino como entrada al mundo andino: nativismo y americanismo en los debates estéticos de principios del siglo XX
El noroeste argentino como entrada al mundo andino: nativismo y americanismo en los debates estéticos de principios del siglo XX
Fasce, Pablo Javier
El presente artículo se propone investigar la construcción de los imaginarios visuales y estéticos sobre el noroeste argentino desarrollados durante la primera mitad del siglo XX. Durante este período las preguntas por las condiciones del ¨arte nacional¨ derivaron en un interés por la representación del paisaje y los tipos humanos de las provincias del país; el noroeste se destacó como la región de mayor concentración de aquellos elementos significantes. A lo largo del texto reconstruiré los vínculos entre estos imaginarios y el desarrollo del pensamiento nacionalista y la arqueología, identificaré algunos de los modelos visuales más relevantes y rastrearé la incidencia de estas ideas estéticas en la historiografía y las instituciones artísticas oficiales.
The purest form of communicative power: A reinterpretation of the key to the legitimacy of norms in Habermas's model of democracy
The purest form of communicative power: A reinterpretation of the key to the legitimacy of norms in Habermas's model of democracy
Barreyro, María Emilia
The present paper offers an analysis of the Habermasian concept of communicative power by considering where communicative power arises from, establishing a criterion to distinguish the different forms it can adopt, and linking it to the anarchistic core of unleashed communicative freedomswhich Habermas admits his theory presupposes. My purpose is not only toclarify this key concept of his theory but also to illuminate, from a newangle, the accusation that Habermas's model of democracy is hostile todissensus and a threat to individuals that are not part of the mainstream of society. The thesis I will defend here holds that only a wide reading of theconcept of communicative power, which identifies the informal publicsphere as the source of the "purest form" of communicative power is consistent with the radical-democratic content of Habermas's theory and the power-dissolving character of public discussion. I also argue that, after clarifying those points, we will be able to see that Habermas's theory cannot be interpreted as either hostile or favourable to dissensus per seand that this criticism is mistaken due to its blindness to the normative dimension that communicative power involves
Modelo cero-dimensional para diseño de propulsores de plasma pulsantes ablativos de Teflón
Modelo cero-dimensional para diseño de propulsores de plasma pulsantes ablativos de Teflón
Gómez, Emmanuel Walter; Elaskar, Sergio Amado
Se presenta un modelo cero dimensional para estimar la masa ablacionada y el impulso en propulsores de plasma pulsantes ablativos de Teflón® (PPPA), el cual es una modificación de modelos desarrollados con anterioridad. El modelo plantea el balance global de la energía, el cual considera la generación y transporte del pulso de corriente, la formación del arco, la disipación de energía por efecto Joule, la aceleración del plasma y la aceleración de los gases neutros. La ecuación resultante del balance de energía queda expresada en función de la masa ablacionada de Teflón® y de los principales parámetros eléctricos y geométricos del propulsor. Una
expresión explícita de la masa que se ablaciona se obtiene desde este balance. También, se lleva a cabo un estudio de sensibilidad del nuevo modelo respecto de variables tales como la resistividad y la emisividad del plasma en el arco. Se comparan los resultados numéricos con aquellos dados en la literatura especializada para distintos PPPA. Finalmente, se identifican las variables más relevantes respecto a la predicción de la masa ablacionada, el bit de impulso y el impulso específico.; To estimate the ablated mass and the impulse in Teflon® ablative pulsating plasma thrusters (PPPA), a zero-dimensional model is presented. This model introduces improvements to the models developed in the past. The new model uses the global energy balance, which considers the generation and transport of the current pulse, the arc formation, the energy dissipation by Joule effect, the acceleration of plasma and neutral gases. This energy equation is expressed as a function of the Teflon® ablated mass and the most important electric and geometric parameters of the thruster. From the energy balance, an explicit equation for the ablated mass is obtained. Numerical results are compared with data published in the specialized literature for different thrusters. Also, a sensitivity study is carried out regarding variables such as resistivity and plasma emissivity in the arc. Finally, the most relevant variables regarding the prediction of the ablated mass, the bit impulse and the specific impulse are identified
Polielectrolitos de origen natural: nuevas rutas de procesado verde para la obtención de biomateriales
Polielectrolitos de origen natural: nuevas rutas de procesado verde para la obtención de biomateriales
Gonzalez, Jimena Soledad; Mijangos Ugarte, Carmen; Hernandez, Rebeca
En los últimos años, la utilización de polímeros sintéticos obtenidos a partir de fuentes fósiles genera una gran controversia a nivel mundial debido a su origen no renovable y a su destino final: residuos no degradables que contaminan y se acumulan en nuestros océanos. En este contexto, la búsqueda de polímeros biodegradables de origen natural y que además permitan la obtención de materiales funcionales a través de rutas de procesado verde es cada vez más intensa. Los polímeros de origen natural son candidatos adecuados para el desarrollo de biomateriales debido a sus características intrínsecas de biocompatibilidad y biodegradabilidad. Los más utilizados son: alginato, quitosano, gelatina, pectina, entre otros. Muchos de los polímeros naturales son polielectrolitos, es decir, presentan grupos ionizables (polianiones o policationes) que pueden disociarse en disolventes polares como el agua quedando las cadenas cargadas y liberando los contraiones a la disolución. La mezcla de disoluciones de polianiones y policationes conduce directamente a la formación de complejos polielectrolitos (PECs). En este trabajo se describen las últimas tendencias en procesado de PECs a través de rutas verdes y sus posibles formas: filmes, hidrogeles y membranas teniendo en cuenta su aplicación en el área biomédica; Over the last years, the employment of synthetic polymers obtained from fossil resources is controversial worldwide due to the non-renewable origin and to their end-of life: non degradable residues highly pollutant and that are accumulated in our oceans. Within this context, intensive research is being carried out in order to develop biodegradable polymers from renewable resources that can be processed into functional materials through green processing routes. Polymers from renewable sources are important candidates for the development of biomaterials due to their intrinsic characteristics of biocompatibility and biodegradability. The most employed are alginate, chitosan, gelatin or pectin among others. Many of the natural polymers are polyelectrolytes, that is, they present ionizable groups (polyanions or polycations) that can be dissociated in polar solvents like water resulting in charged polymer backbones and releasing counterions to the solution. Blending of aqueous solutions of polyanions and polycations leads to the formation of polyelectrolyte complexes (PECs). In this work, we describe the last trends in PECs processing of natural polymers through green routes and the resulting materials: films, hydrogels and membranes with special focus in their applications in the biomedical field.
Receptors and Signaling Pathways for Recognition of Bacteria in Livestock and Crops: Prospects for Beneficial Microbes in Healthy Growth Strategies
Receptors and Signaling Pathways for Recognition of Bacteria in Livestock and Crops: Prospects for Beneficial Microbes in Healthy Growth Strategies
Villena, Julio Cesar; Kitazawa, Haruki; Van Wees, Saskia C. M.; Pieterse, Corné M. J.; Takahashi, Hideki
Modern animal and crop production practices are associated with the regular use of antimicrobials, potentially increasing selection pressure on bacteria to become resistant. Alternative approaches are needed in order to satisfy the demands of the growing human population without the indiscriminate use of antimicrobials. Researchers have brought a different perspective to solve this problem and have emphasized the exploitation of animal- and plant-associated microorganisms that are beneficial to their hosts through the modulation of the innate immune system. There is increasing evidence that plants and animals employ microbial perception and defense pathways that closely resemble each other. Formation of pattern recognition receptor (PRR) complexes involving leucine-rich repeat (LRR)-containing proteins, mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK)-mediated activation of immune response genes, and subsequent production of antimicrobial products and reactive oxygen species (ROS) and nitric oxide (NO) to improve defenses against pathogens, add to the list of similarities between both systems. Recent pioneering work has identified that animal and plant cells use similar receptors for sensing beneficial commensal microbes that are important for the maintenance of the host's health. Here, we reviewed the current knowledge about the molecular mechanisms involved in the recognition of pathogenic and commensal microbes by the innate immune systems of animal and plants highlighting their differences and similarities. In addition, we discuss the idea of using beneficial microbes to modulate animal and plant immune systems in order to improve the resistance to infections and reduce the use of antimicrobial compounds.
¿Muros o puentes?: las potencias tradicionales y emergentes en un mundo convulsionado
¿Muros o puentes?: las potencias tradicionales y emergentes en un mundo convulsionado; ¿Walls or bridges?: the traditional and emerging powers in a convulsed world
Giaccaglia, Clarisa
Sobre la base del método histórico interpretativo, el presente artículo tiene por objeto desarrollar una mirada retrospectiva que nos posibilite analizar las modificaciones que está presentando el orden internacional en los últimos años, con especial énfasis en las acciones desarrolladas tanto por las potencias tradicionales como por las potencias emergentes.¿Qué modificaciones están sucediendo en el actual orden internacional? ¿Qué ha ocurrido con el proceso de globalización? ¿Cuál es el rol de las potencias tradicionales? ¿Qué accionar están desarrollando los nuevos poderes en ascenso? ¿Presenciamos un período de des-globalización? ¿En qué aspectos? A modo de hipótesis de trabajo, se postula que las potencias tradicionales, otrora las principales agentes del proceso globalizador han adoptado hoy en día una postura de rechazo, o al menos de reticencia, frente al actual orden internacional. Dicha postura estaría representada por Estados Unidos pero también por ejemplo por Gran Bretaña, actores más centrados en los arreglos domésticos que en continuar o mantener la expansión global. Las potencias emergentes, en cambio, fundamentalmente aquellas que recién en la última década se han incorporado plenamente al sistema global, se están convirtiendo en las principales abanderadas de la globalización y del orden internacional imperante. Dentro de este grupo claramente se encuentra China aunque también otros poderes emergentes como India o re-emergentes como Rusia.Desde un punto de vista teórico, la discusión aquí planteada se enmarca, en un sentido amplio, en los debates al interior del campo de las Relaciones Internacionales relativos al auge y caída de potencias en la estructura internacional y a los consecuentes reordenamientos del poder global.; Based on the interpretative historical method, this article aims to develop a retrospective perspective that allows us to analyze the changes that the international order is presenting in recent years, with special emphasis on the actions developed by both traditional powers and emerging powers. What modifications are happening in the international order? What has happened to the process of globalization? What is the role of traditional powers? What are the new rising powers doing? Do we witness a period of de-globalization? In which aspect? The hypothesis postulate that the traditional powers, main agents of the globalized process in the past, have adopted today a position of rejection, or at least reluctance, against the present international order. This position is represented by the United States but also by Great Britain, actors focuses in domestic arrangements than in continuing or maintaining global expansion. Emerging powers, however, that have been incorporated recently into the global system, they are becoming the main promoters of globalization and the present international order. This group includes China but also other emerging powers as India or re-emerging as Russia. From a theoretical point of view, the discussion here framed, in a broad sense, in the debates within the field of International Relations related to the rise and fall of powers in the international structure and the consequent rearrangements of global power.
Real-World Variability in the Prediction of Intracranial Aneurysm Wall Shear Stress: The 2015 International Aneurysm CFD Challenge
Real-World Variability in the Prediction of Intracranial Aneurysm Wall Shear Stress: The 2015 International Aneurysm CFD Challenge
Valen-Sendstad, Kristian; Bergersen, Aslak W.; Shimogonya, Yuji; Goubergrits, Leonid; Bruening, Jan; Pallares, Jordi; Cito, Salvatore; Piskin, Senol; Pekkan, Kerem; Geers, Arjan J.; Larrabide, Ignacio; Rapaka, Saikiran; Mihalef, Viorel; Fu, Wenyu; Qiao, Aike; Jain, Kartik; Roller, Sabine; Mardal, Kent-Andre; Kamakoti, Ramji; Spirka, Thomas; Ashton, Neil; Revell, Alistair; Aristokleous, Nicolas; Houston, J. Graeme; Tsuji, Masanori; Ishida, Fujimaro; Menon, Prahlad G.; Browne, Leonard D.; Broderick, Stephen; Shojima, Masaaki; Koizumi, Satoshi; Barbour, Michael; Aliseda, Alberto; Morales, Hernán G.; Lefèvre, Thierry; Hodis, Simona; Al-Smadi, Yahia M.; Tran, Justin S.; Marsden, Alison L.; Vaippummadhom, Sreeja; Einstein, G. Albert; Brown, Alistair G.; Debus, Kristian; Niizuma, Kuniyasu; Rashad, Sherif; Sugiyama, Shin-ichiro; Owais Khan, M.; Updegrove, Adam R.; Shadden, Shawn C.; Cornelissen, Bart M. W.; Majoie, Charles B. L. M.; Berg, Philipp; Saalfield, Sylvia; Kono, Kenichi; Steinman, David A.
Purpose—Image-based computational fluid dynamics (CFD) is widely used to predict intracranial aneurysm wall shear stress (WSS), particularly with the goal of improving rupture risk assessment. Nevertheless, concern has been expressed over the variability of predicted WSS and inconsistent associations with rupture. Previous challenges, and studies from individual groups, have focused on individual aspects of the image-based CFD pipeline. The aim of this Challenge was to quantify the total variability of the whole pipeline. Methods—3D rotational angiography image volumes of five middle cerebral artery aneurysms were provided to participants, who were free to choose their segmentation methods boundary conditions, and CFD solver and settings. Participants were asked to fill out a questionnaire about their solution strategies and experience with aneurysm CFD, and provide surface distributions of WSS magnitude, from which we objectively derived a variety of hemodynamic parameters. Results—A total of 28 datasets were submitted, from 26 teams with varying levels of self-assessed experience. Wide variability of segmentations, CFD model extents, and inflow rates resulted in interquartile ranges of sac average WSS up to 56%, which reduced to < 30% after normalizing by parent artery WSS. Sac-maximum WSS and low shear area were more variable, while rank-ordering of cases by low or high shear showed only modest consensus among teams. Experience was not a significant predictor of variability. Conclusions—Wide variability exists in the prediction of intracranial aneurysm WSS. While segmentation and CFD solver techniques may be difficult to standardize across groups, our findings suggest that some of the variability in image-based CFD could be reduced by establishing guidelines for model extents, inflow rates, and blood properties, and by encouraging the reporting of normalized hemodynamic parameters.
Micromammal taphonomy and site formation process of Nutria Mansa 1 archaeological site (Buenos Aires, Argentina)
Micromammal taphonomy and site formation process of Nutria Mansa 1 archaeological site (Buenos Aires, Argentina)
Gómez, Gustavo Norberto; Bonomo, Mariano
This paper presents the results of the taphonomic analysis of the micromammal bone remains recovered from Nutria Mansa 1 (NM1), an archaeological site located in the Pampean plains, Argentina. This campsite was occupied by hunter-gatherers that processed and consumed Lama guanicoe during the Late Holocene. In NM1, there are taxa from different environments: mammals from arid and semiarid environments (Patagonic Phytogeographic Province) and humid and temperate environments (Pampean Phytogeographic Province). The main objective of the present study was to evaluate how the recorded small mammal species were incorporated into the archaeological site and which of them were exploited by humans. The micromammal assemblage shows traces of post mortem agents such as weathering, chemical action of sediments, and probably some evidence of predation. The micromammal bones in the archaeological record offer no clear evidence of human modification, and their presence can be the result of predation or other postdepositional agents such as the action of water on the flood plain.
Occurrence and diversity of yeast species isolated from fish feed and tambatinga gut
Occurrence and diversity of yeast species isolated from fish feed and tambatinga gut
Pinheiro, Raizza Eveline E.; Dourado Rodrigues, Aline Maria; Santos, Julliet Teixeira de O.; Costa, Juliana de A.; Pereyra, Carina Maricel; Torres, Adriana Mabel; Rosa, Carlos A.; Santos, Ana Raquel de O.; Muratori, Maria Christina S.
The present study aimed to identify yeasts species isolated from fish feed and the intestinal tracts of tambatinga fish (Colossoma macropomum × Piaractus brachypomum) cultivated in a Brazilian fish farm. Twenty tambatingas and 30 fish feed samples from different brands were acquired from two commercial establishments in the state of Piauí, Brazil. The sampled guts were divided into three equal parts, namely the anterior, medium and posterior portions, totaling 60 samples. Molecular identification was performed by PCR amplification and sequencing of the D1/D2 regions of the large rRNA subunit gene. Sixteen Candida nivariensis strains in the gut were identified. The fish feed samples showed a higher variability of yeast species, with the following species isolated: Hyphopichia burtonii (23.08%), Lodderomyces elongisporus (15.39%) and Trichosporon asahii (15.39%), Candida nivariensis (7.69%), C. orthopsilosis (7.69%), C. parapsilosis (7.69%), Rhodotorula minuta (7.69%), Sterigmatomyces elviae (7.69%), Cryptococcus liquefaciens (7.69%). Yeast found in feed, however, was not always isolated from tambatinga gut. Molecular identification allowed for the isolation of yeast species not previously reported in fish feed and gut samples.
Lo artesanal como mediación técnica y simbólica : Cultura, identidad local y aprendizaje en la cerveza artesanal de Bariloche, Argentina
Lo artesanal como mediación técnica y simbólica : Cultura, identidad local y aprendizaje en la cerveza artesanal de Bariloche, Argentina; Craft and Artisanal as Technical and Simbolic Mediators. Culture, local identity and Learning in Craft Beer in Bariloche, Argentina
Kaderian, Santiago
La ciudad de San Carlos de Bariloche (Río Negro, Argentina) es conocida por sus paisajes e instituciones tecnológicas, pero también por su cultura de cerveza artesanal. En la ciudad, la producción comercial de cerveza artesanal comienza a principios de los 90. Hoy en día la cerveza se articula con diversos registros y narrativas sobre lo artesanal. En este artículo se aborda la cerveza artesanal como instancia local de amplios procesos espacio temporales y como indicador material y cultural de la relación entre diversos registros y narrativas. Se analiza la relación de la cerveza artesanal con las narrativas turísticas y gastronómicas, la identidad local y geografía de la ciudad, las materias primas y aprendizajes de elaboración; como resultado se muestran algunos de los efectos de los mediadores simbólicos y técnicos en la circulación de la cerveza artesanal. Las fuentes utilizadas son entrevistas, registros de observación y guías gastronómicas de cerveza.; The city of San Carlos de Bariloche (Río Negro, Argentina) is well-known for its landscapes and technological institutions, but also for its craft-beer culture. The commercial production of craft beer starts in the city in the 90’s. Today the craftbeer has an articulation with diverse registers and narratives about the craft. The approach of this article takes craft beer as a local instance of large scale process and as a cultural and material marker between diverse registers and narratives. The article analyzes how the craft beer is related with touristic and gastronomic narratives, local identity and city geography, the raw materials and beer elaboration learning. As a result the article reveals some effects of symbolic and technical mediators in circulation, production and consumption. Primary and secondary sources include interviews with brewers, observational registers and gastronomic-beer guides.
Search for an intrinsic metallicity spread in old globular clusters of the Large Magellanic Cloud
Search for an intrinsic metallicity spread in old globular clusters of the Large Magellanic Cloud
Piatti, Andres Eduardo; Koch, Andreas
We report for the first time on the magnitude of the intrinsic [Fe/H] spread among ten old globular clusters (GCs) of the Large Magellanic Cloud (LMC). Such spreads are merely observed in approximately five per cent of the Milky Way GCs and recently gained more attention in theoretical models of GC evolution. We derived metallicities with a typical precision of 0.05 dex ≤ σ[Fe/H] ≤ 0.20 dex for an average of 14 red giant branch stars per GC from Str¨omgren photometry. The respective, metallicity-sensitive indices have been calibrated to precise and accurate high-dispersion spectroscopy.
For all clusters we found null [Fe/H] spreads with a typical uncertainty of 0.04 dex, with the possible exception of NGC 1786 that shows an intrinsic dispersion of 0.07±0.04 dex. The mean, observed standard deviation of the derived metallicities for nearly 40 per cent of our GC sample amounted to smaller than 0.05 dex. At present, we cannot exclude that the remaining GCs also have intrinsic Fe abundance
variations in excess of 0.05 dex, but in order to significantly detect those, the measurement errors on individual [Fe/H]-values would need to be lowered to the 0.03–0.07 dex level. These findings suggest, along with those from ages and light-element abundances, that the LMC GCs studied here are alike to the majority of Galactic GCs.
Adaptación del Inventario de cociente emocional para su uso con estudiantes de Psicología
Adaptación del Inventario de cociente emocional para su uso con estudiantes de Psicología; Adaptation of the Emotional Quotient Inventory for its Use with Psychology Students
Tisocco, Franco; Bruno, Flavia; Stover, Juliana Beatriz
El objetivo del presente trabajo fue la adaptación del Inventario decociente emocional a estudiantes de nivel universitario de Buenos Aires. Se trabajó con 299 estudiantes (81.6% Mujeres y 18.4% Hombres; M edad = 25.32, DE edad = 7.05). Se recolectaron datos con una encuesta de datos sociodemográficos, el instrumento Symptom Check List 90-R y el Inventario de cociente emocional. Mediante un análisis de componentes principal con rotación Varimax normalizada se aisló una estructura de once dimensiones (KMO = .87; Bartlett: X 2 =19655.4; 2415 gl) que explicó el 53.58% de la varianza total. Se estimó la consistencia interna a partir del cálculo de alfas de Cronbach, y se hallaron valores de excelentes a aceptables (entre α = .91 y α =.65) para las once dimensiones. Subsecuentemente, se hallaron evidencias de validez de criterio con relación a sintomatología psicopatológica. En conclusión, se ha logrado elaborar un instrumento apto para la evaluación de estudiantes en un contexto local. Futuras investigaciones deberán continuar examinando su estructura factorial, dado que ésta difiere de la propuesta en la versión original. Asimismo, trabajos futuros deberán abordar el estudio de la consistencia temporal de las puntuaciones del instrumento.; The objective of the present study was the adaptation of the Emotional Quotient Inventory in university-level students of Buenos Aires (81.6% Female, 18.4% Male; Mage = 25.32, SDage = 7.05). Data were collected with a socio-demographic questionaire, the Symptom Check List 90-R, and the Emotional Quotient Inventory. A principal component analysis with a normalized Varimax rotation was conducted, which isolated an 11-factor structure (KMO = .87; Bartlett: X2= 19655.4; 2415 df), accounting for 53.58% of the explained variance. Internal consistency indexes were estimated via the calculation of Cronbach’s Alpha coefficients, and excellent to acceptable values were found (between a = .91 and a = .65) for the eleven dimensions. Subsequently, criterion-validity evidence was found in relation to psychological symptomatology. In conclusion, a well suited instrument has been elaborated for its use in psychological assessment within students in the local context. Future studies must continue to examine the instrument’s factorial structure, given that it differs from the one proposed in its original version. Moreover, future studies must assess the instrument scores’ temporal consistency.
New constraints on elemental and Pb and Nd isotope compositions of South American and Southern African aerosol sources to the South Atlantic Ocean
New constraints on elemental and Pb and Nd isotope compositions of South American and Southern African aerosol sources to the South Atlantic Ocean
Khondoker, Roulin; Weiss, Dominik; van de Flierdt, Tina; Rehkämper, Mark; Kreissig, Katharina; Coles, B.J.; Strekopytov, S.; Humphreys Williams, Emma; Dong, S.; Bory, A.; Bout Roumazeilles, Viviane; Smichowski, Patricia Nora; Cid Agüero, P.; Babinski, Marly; Losno, R.; Monna, Fabrice
Improving the geochemical database available for characterising potential natural and anthropogenic aerosol sources from South America and Southern Africa is a critical precondition for studies aimed at understanding trace metal controls on the marine biogeochemical cycles of the South Atlantic Ocean. We here present new elemental and isotopic data for a wide range of sample types from South America and Southern Africa that are potentially important aerosol sources. This includes road dust from Buenos Aires and lichen samples from Johannesburg, soil dust from Patagonia, volcanic ash from the Andean volcanic belt, and aerosol samples from São Paulo. All samples were investigated for major (Al, Ca, Fe, Mg, Na, K, Mn) and trace element (Cd, Co, Cr, Cu, Ni, Pb, REE, Sc, Th, Y, V, Zn) concentrations and Nd and Pb isotopic compositions. We show that diagrams of 208Pb/207Pb vs. εNd, 208Pb/207Pb vs. Pb/Al, 1/[Pb], Zn/Al, Cd/Al, Cu/Al, and εNd vs. Pb/Al, and 1/[Nd] are best suited to separate South American and South African source regions as well as natural and anthropogenic sources. A subset of samples from Patagonia and the Andes was additionally subjected to separation of a fine (<5 μm) fraction and compared to the composition of the bulk sample. We show that differences in the geochemical signature of bulk samples between individual regions and source types are significantly larger than between grain sizes. Jointly, these findings present an important step forward towards a quantitative assessment of aeolian trace metal inputs to the South Atlantic Ocean.
Angiosperm leaves and cuticles from the uppermost Cretaceous of Patagonia, biogeographic implications and atmospheric paleo-CO2 estimates
Angiosperm leaves and cuticles from the uppermost Cretaceous of Patagonia, biogeographic implications and atmospheric paleo-CO2 estimates
Martínez, Camila; Gandolfo, Maria Alejandra; Cúneo, Néstor Rubén
The study of plant material from localities of Late Cretaceous age from southern latitudes is fundamental to improve our understanding of global patterns of angiosperm evolution, diversity, paleoecology, and biogeography. Herein, angiosperm leaf fossils of the recently discovered Cañadón del Loro locality, from the Maastrichtian portion of the Lefipán Formation, Patagonia, Argentina are studied. Leaf architecture was used to differentiate morphotypes, to describe them, and to make comparisons with other southern latitudes floras of similar age. Six angiosperm leaf morphotypes were described from 132 collected specimens; one of them, with exceptional preservation, was named Lefipania padillae gen. et sp. nov. and its cuticle anatomy and insect damage were also described. The Cañadón del Loro fossils represent a local assemblage of low diversity deposited in an upper delta plain. Biogeographically, L. padillae was widespread throughout the southern hemisphere during the Late Cretaceous, possibly favored by a warm climate and the geographical proximity of these southern landmasses. The morphotype with well-preserved cuticles clearly shows four insect damage types attributed to feeding. This morphotype was also used for estimating paleo-atmospheric CO2 concentration (pCO2), using a stomatal-proxy gas exchange model, which resulted in approximately 464 ppm. The estimated pCO2 is in agreement with previous estimations for this time interval and supports the hypothesis of a decrease of pCO2 towards end of the Cretaceous.
Burocracias paralelas y liderazgo político: duplicación y expropiación de funciones en el centro presidencial argentino (1916-2016)
Burocracias paralelas y liderazgo político: duplicación y expropiación de funciones en el centro presidencial argentino (1916-2016)
Chaia de Bellis, Jonás Ariel
Más allá de las burocracias utilizadas para gestionar las relaciones rutinarias con su entorno, quienes lideran el Poder Ejecutivo pueden em¬plear el centro presidencial como un recurso de gobierno para enfrentar situaciones no rutinarias y centralizar la formulación de políticas. Este recurso es la creación de lo que denomino agencias directoriales, es decir, agencias que duplican o expropian funciones y roles hasta entonces asignadas a otras agencias, ministerios y personal del Poder Ejecutivo. Mediante un análisis de regresiones estadísticas para el período 1916-2016 en la Argentina, se concluye aquí que la incertidumbre económica y política, el neocorporativismo y el tipo de régimen afectan el uso y la creación de agencias directoriales en el centro presidencial.; Beyond bureaucracies used to manage routine relationships with their environment, Executive Branch leaders can use the center of government as a political resource to face non-routine situations and centralize policy formulation. This resource is the creation of what I call “director agencies”, i. e.: agencies that duplicate or expropriate functions and roles until then assigned to other agencies, departments, and personnel of the Executive. Through a statistical regression analysis for the period 1916-2016 in Argentina, it is concluded here that economic and political uncertainty, neo-corporatism, and regime type, affect the use and creation of “director agencies” in the center of government.
Structural, electronic and hyperfine properties on Sm2O3, Eu2O3 and Gd2O3 phases
Structural, electronic and hyperfine properties on Sm2O3, Eu2O3 and Gd2O3 phases
Richard, Diego; Errico, Leonardo Antonio; Rentería, Mario
We present a detailed first-principles study of three rare-earth lanthanide sesquioxides (Ln2O3, Ln = Sm, Eu, and Gd) in the hexagonal A, the monoclinic B, and the cubic C phases. The calculations were performed with the Density Functional Theory (DFT)-based Augmented Plane Wave plus local orbital (APW + lo) method, using the local spin density approximation (LSDA) and the LSDA + U approach to take into account the strongly correlated Ln-4f electrons. We calculated the equilibrium structures and the effect of hydrostatic pressure on them, the density of states (DOS), the energy band-gaps and, finally, the electric-field-gradient (EFG) tensor at the different cationic sites. The obtained predictions reveal that for the three considered Ln2O3 sesquioxides, the C phase is the stable one, with a transition pressure to the A phase of about 1–2 GPa. For each Ln2O3, the predicted properties were compared with those obtained by means of different experimental techniques. We found that the crystal equilibrium volume, bulk modulus and its first pressure derivative obtained with LSDA are in good agreement with previous experimental results. On the other hand, the inclusion of the U term gives a correct description of the insulating ground state of these systems. Concerning the EFG tensor, LSDA and LSDA + U predict similar values for the EFG at each cationic site in all cases. These results are consistent with the hyperfine interactions experiments reported for the B and C phases of Gd2O3. Finally, we analyze the origin of the EFG at Ln sites, by considering the contributions of the different Ln orbitals to it, and its relation with the local structure.
Nicotine affects ethanol-conditioned taste, but not place, aversion in a simultaneous conditioning procedure
Nicotine affects ethanol-conditioned taste, but not place, aversion in a simultaneous conditioning procedure
Loney, Gregory C.; Pautassi, Ricardo Marcos; Kapadia, Delna; Meyer, Paul J.
The conditioned taste aversion (CTA) induced by ethanol is a key factor limiting ethanol intake. Nicotine, a drug co-consumed with ethanol, may decrease this aversion by modulating the unconditioned effects of ethanol or by disrupting the association between ethanol and its associated cues. This study analyzed ethanol-induced CTA and conditioned place aversion (CPA) in Long-Evans rats with subchronic exposure to nicotine. The rats were treated with nicotine (0.0 or 0.4 mg/kg) three times before conditioning (on lickometer training sessions 3, 4, and 5) and across conditioning days. During the conditioning the rats were given ethanol (1.3 g/kg) preceded and followed by presentation of a taste (NaCl) and tactile (rod or hole floors) conditioned stimulus (CS+), respectively. On CS− conditioning days, the rats were given vehicle and exposed to alternative stimuli. Three CTA and CPA testing sessions were then conducted. It was found that nicotine reduced ethanol-induced CTA and enhanced locomotor activity, but did not significantly modify the magnitude of ethanol-induced CPA. The effects of nicotine on CTA were observed during both conditioning and testing sessions, and were specific to the NaCl CS+, having no effect on reactivity to water. The dissociation between the effect of nicotine on ethanol-induced CTA and CPA suggests that nicotine does not alter ethanol's motivational properties by generally increasing its positive rewarding effects, nor does it blunt all aversive-like responses to this drug. Instead, nicotine may impede ethanol-induced CTA induced by ethanol by disrupting the neural underpinnings of this specific form of associative learning.
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