Ciencia y Tecnología

Particle filter and approximation error model for state estimation in hyperthermia

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Particle filter and approximation error model for state estimation in hyperthermia Lamien, Bernard; Orlande, Helcio Rangel Barreto; Elicabe, Guillermo Enrique This work deals with numerical simulation of a hyperthermia treatment of skin cancer as a state estimation problem, where uncertainties in the evolution and measurement models, as well as in the measured data, are accounted for. A reduced model is adopted, based on a coarse mesh for the solution of the partial differential equations that describe the physical problem, in order to expedite the solution of the state estimation problem with a particle filter algorithm within the Bayesian framework of statistics. The so-called approximation error model (AEM) is used in order to statistically compensate for model reduction effects. The Liu and West algorithm of the particle filter, together with the AEM, is shown to provide accurate estimates for the temperature and model parameters in a multilayered region containing a tumor loaded with nanoparticles. Simulated transient temperature measurements from one sensor are used in the analysis.

Apertura PICTO UNSAM

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La Agencia Nacional de Promoción Científica y Tecnológica (ANPCyT), a través del Fondo para la Investigación Científica y Tecnológica (FONCyT) llama, en forma conjunta con la Universidad Nacional de San Martín (UNSAM), a la presentación de proyectos de Investigación Científica y Tecnológica a convocatoria para la adjudicación de subsidios a grupos de investigadores formados y activos de la UNSAM, o de otras instituciones en los que participe al menos un investigador de la UNSAM, orientados a áreas de interés común con el cofinanciador vinculadas al transporte, la movilidad y la logística en la Argentina.

Apertura PICTO Estación Experimental Agroindustrial Obispo Colombres (EEAOC)

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La Agencia Nacional de Promoción Científica y Tecnológica (ANPCyT), a través del Fondo para la Investigación Científica y Tecnológica (FONCyT) llama, en forma conjunta con la Estación Experimental Agroindustrial Obispo Colombres (EEAOC), a la presentación de proyectos de Investigación Científica y Tecnológica para la adjudicación de subsidios a grupos de investigadores formados y activos de la EEAOC orientados a áreas de interés común con el co-financiador.

Predictores de la Participación Política Multidimensional: El aporte explicativo de las actitudes ideológicas, los valores y variables psicopolíticas

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Predictores de la Participación Política Multidimensional: El aporte explicativo de las actitudes ideológicas, los valores y variables psicopolíticas; Political Participation: Discriminant contribution of ideological attitudes, values and socio-psychological variables Sorribas, Patricia Mariel; Brussino, Silvina Alejandra El presente trabajo identifica variables que discriminan entre las personas que participan y quienes no participan políticamente, considerando dimensiones electorales y no electorales de la participación política en Córdoba, Argentina. Se realizó un estudio por encuesta en una muestra representativa de la población (N=450). El análisis discriminante permitió reconocer el aporte del autoritarismo de derecha (RWA), colectivismo, colectivismo político, interés político y eficacia política participativa, a dicha diferenciación en dos dimensiones de la participación: electoral-de campaña y de contacto con organizaciones y referentes políticos. Estos resultados evidencian la relación del RWA con otros comportamientos políticos diferenciados de las preferencias partidarias y comprueban la relación de diferentes valores y de una medida participativa de la eficacia política con amplios repertorios participativos. Palabras clave: participación política, autoritarismo de derecha, orientación a la dominancia social, colectivismo e individualismo, eficacia política participativa. ; This paper identifies variables that discriminate between participants and non-participants considering electoral and non-electoral dimensions of political participation in Córdoba, Argentina. A study was conducted by survey on a representative sample of the population (N = 450). The discriminant analysis allowed recognizing the contribution of right-wing authoritarianism (RWA), collectivism, political collectivism, political interest and of participatory measure of "political efficacy", to such differentiation in two dimensions of participation: Electoral-campaign and contact with organizations and political figures. These results show the relationship of RWA with different political behavior of party preferences; and verify the relationship of different values a nd a participatory measure of "political efficacy" with broad participation repertoires.

Geochemical and isotopic features of a confined aquifer system of marine origin, pampean plain of Córdoba, Argentina

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Geochemical and isotopic features of a confined aquifer system of marine origin, pampean plain of Córdoba, Argentina Maldonado, Marina Luciana; Cabrera, Adriana; Blarasin, Mónica Teresa In Córdoba province (Argentina), people use groundwater from Confined Aquifers Systems (CASs)for different activities. Therefore, it is necessary to carry out comprehensive studies for the planning of a more sustainable use considering that groundwater renewal times can be of several thousands of years. The objective of this research is to evaluate geochemical and isotopic features of groundwater from a confined aquifer system made up by marine sediments in the central Pampean plain (Argentina). This CAS is multilayered and formed by thin (5 m) sand-pebble lenses of variable extension and clay deposits, linked to the Neogene period. These layers are situated at different depths (between 230-300 m) and are represented by fossiliferous sands interbedded with very thick greenish clay sediments. The marine CAS is characterized by fresh-brackish groundwater that evolves from bicarbonate to sulfate sodium type in the flow direction. The interpretations made from 2H, 18O and 3H results suggest that groundwater is old. The 14C age for C CAS (10,800 BP) indicates groundwater recharged during Holocene cold periods during the last glaciation.

Polite interactions with robots

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Polite interactions with robots Benotti, Luciana; Blackburn, Patrick We sketch an inference architecture that permits linguistic aspects of politeness to be interpreted; we do so by applying the ideas of politeness theory to the SCARE corpus of task-oriented dialogues, a type of dialogue of particular relevance to robotics. The fragment of the SCARE corpus we analyzed contains 77 uses of politeness strategies: our inference architecture covers 58 of them using classical AI planning techniques; the remainder require other forms of means-ends inference. So by the end of the paper we will have discussed in some detail how to interpret automatically different forms of politeness - but should we do so? We conclude with some brief remarks on the issues involved.

Estructura imaginativo-pasional de la naturaleza humana y economía en David Hume

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Estructura imaginativo-pasional de la naturaleza humana y economía en David Hume Carrión, Gonzalo En este trabajo se tratará de mostrar que la compresión imaginativo-pasional de la naturaleza humana articulada por David Hume, conlleva una reformulación epistemológica y práctica que permite, a su vez, entender mejor su concepción de la economía como ciencia. En primer lugar, se analizarán algunas de las funciones de la imaginación en el conocimiento y de las pasiones en la acción humana, destacando sus múltiples interrelaciones tanto a nivel individual como social. A partir de este enfoque se presentará una reinterpretación de algunos de los tópicos de la economía humeana.; This paper will attempt to show that the imaginative-passional comprehension of human nature articulated by David Hume entails an epistemological and practical reformulation that allows, in turn, to better understand his conception of economics as a science. First, it will analyse some of the functions of imagination in knowledge and those of passions in human action, highlighting its many interrelationships, both individually and socially. From this approach, it will put forward a reinterpretation of some topics of Humean economics.

Movimientismo estatal: poder, legitimidad y territorio en 360º

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Movimientismo estatal: poder, legitimidad y territorio en 360º; State movementism: power, legitimacy and territory on a 360 degree perspective Maldonado, Martín Alejandro El Movimientismo Estatal es un conjunto de acuerdos políticos, arreglos institucionales, políticas públicas y programas sociales con el que los Estados y los gobiernos latinoamericanos están intentando renovar la legitimidad de su poder político y administrativo sobre el territorio con base en una nueva relación con la segunda generación de movimientos sociales. El Movimientismo Estatal es una reacción tardía a los cambios que estos últimos vienen proponiendo en la región hace más de 30 años. Gobiernos del más amplio espectro ideológico (neoliberales y de la nueva izquierda latinoamericana) están utilizando una nueva y diversa caja de herramientas de gestión del territorio que incluye creación de nuevos movimientos, co-gestión de políticas públicas, articulaciones en programas de gobierno y otras innovaciones tecnológicas y de gestión, en lo que constituye una nueva perspectiva de 360 grados en la relación entre Estado, nuevos movimientos sociales y territorio.; States and governments across the region renew the legitimacy of their power and their governmental capacities using a new ensemble of political alliances, institutional arrangements, public policies and social programs named here State movementism. It constitutes a new type of relationship between the public sector and the organized civil society, as a consequence of a delayed reaction of the public sector to the changes that new social movements have been putting forward for almost three decades. Neoliberal administrations as well as center-to-left governments are using a diverse toolbox for territorial policies, programmatic and technological tools with a 360 degree perspective to recreate the relationship between the state and the second generation of social movements.

Políticas públicas y empresas recuperadas por sus obreros en Argentina: un análisis del Programa de Trabajo Autogestionado 2004-2012

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Políticas públicas y empresas recuperadas por sus obreros en Argentina: un análisis del Programa de Trabajo Autogestionado 2004-2012; Public policies and companies recovered by their workers in Argentina: analysis of the Worker Self-management Program 2004-2012 Hudson, Juan Pablo El objetivo principal de este artículo es analizar la compleja relación entre las empresas recuperadas por sus obreros y el Estado en la Argentina durante la última década. Para cumplir con este plan, exploraré la evolución de las políticas públicas implementadas por el Ministerio de Trabajo, Empleo y Seguridad Social para estas experiencias autogestionarias. Una conclusión fundamental del estudio realizado señala que los gobiernos desde 2003, luego de la grave crisis social, política y económica causada por la aplicación sistemática de políticas neoliberales, requirieron una progresiva incorporación de las formas autoorganizativas creadas y consolidadas por movimientos sociales de base, como lo son las empresas recuperadas.; This article explores the complex relationship between the companies recovered by their workers in Argentina and the state during the last decade through an analysis of the evolution of Ministry of Labor, Employment and Social Security policies regarding these self-management experiences. A central conclusion of this study is that Argentine governments since 2003, after the serious social, political and economic crises resulting from the systematic application of neoliberal policies, had to progressively incorporate the various forms of selforganization that were created and consolidated by social movements such as the recovered companies.

Survival in export markets

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Survival in export markets Albornoz, Facundo; Fanelli, Sebastián; Hallak, Juan Carlos This paper explores the determinants of firm survival in export markets. We build an exporter dynamics model where firms need to pay market-specific sunk and fixed costs to operate abroad and where firm export profitability in each foreign market follows a geometric Brownian motion. Firms also differ ex ante by a constant market-specific profitability shifter. We derive the probability of export survival upon entry in a market and show that it increases with the ratio of sunk to fixed costs and is insensitive to the profitability shifters. Also, we show that the survival probability is unaffected by fixed costs if sunk costs are zero. We take the model to the data using firm-level Argentine export information. We find that survival rates decrease with distance, which the model rationalizes with sunk costs that increase with distance proportionally less than fixed costs. Estimated sunk costs are small. In fact, a counterfactual exercise shows that removing those costs increases aggregate exports by less than 1.5%. Finally, we also find that survival increases with a firm's export experience. Analogously to distance, the model's implication of this empirical result is that experience reduces sunk costs proportionally less than fixed costs.

Perfiles de organizaciones positivas. Análisis de características percibidas según variables individuales, organizacionales y de resultado

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Perfiles de organizaciones positivas. Análisis de características percibidas según variables individuales, organizacionales y de resultado; Positive organization profiles. Analysis of perceived characteristics according to individual, organizational, and outcome variables Lupano Perugini, Maria Laura; Castro Solano, Alejandro En el presente estudio se analizan perfiles de organizaciones a partir de las percepciones de empleados/as con respecto a las características de sus lugares de trabajo. La muestra estuvo compuesta por 459 empleados/as argentinos (232 hombres); edad promedio: 36,3 años (DT = 11,7); pertenecientes a empresas públicas (17,2%, n = 79) y privadas (82,6%, n = 379). La mayoría residía en ciudad de Buenos Aires y alrededores (96,5%, n = 443). Para la recogida de datos se empleó un protocolo en el que se solicitaba que se enunciasen características positivas y negativas que asocian a la organización en la que trabajan. Se efectuó un análisis de contenido de las respuestas dadas por los participantes dando lugar a diferentes categorías de características (p.e., clima laboral, compromiso, valores). A posteriori, mediante diferentes análisis de correspondencias múltiples se generaron perfiles diferenciales según variables individuales (p.e., sexo, edad, personal a cargo), organizacionales (p.e., tamaño, tipo y tipología) y de resultado (p.e., desempeño y satisfacción laboral). Uno de los perfiles más destacados mostró asociaciones entre la percepción de características positivas como valores y obtención de resultados con altos niveles de satisfacción y desempeño individual/ organizacional.; This study analysed the profiles of organizations based on employee perceptions of their workplace. The sample consisted of 459 Argentinian employees (232 men; average age, 36.3 years (SD = 11.7)). The participants worked for public companies (17.2%, n = 79) or private companies (82.6%, n = 379). Most of them lived in Buenos Aires and surrounding areas (96.5%, n = 443). A protocol was used for data collection, in which the participants were asked to report positive and negative characteristics associated with their organization. A content analysis of the answers given by the participants was performed, from which different categories of characteristics were derived (e.g., work climate, commitment, values). Several multiple correspondence analyses were conducted to generate profiles according to individual variables (i.e., gender, age, and position), organizational variables (i.e., size, typology, and type), and outcome variables (i.e., performance and job satisfaction). One of the most significant profiles showed associations between the perception of positive characteristics, such as values and outcomes, and high levels of satisfaction and individual/organizational performance.

Micro-environmental changes induced by shape and size of forest openings: Effects on Austrocedrus chilensis and Nothofagus dombeyi seedlings performance in a Pinus contorta plantation of Patagonia, Argentina

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Micro-environmental changes induced by shape and size of forest openings: Effects on Austrocedrus chilensis and Nothofagus dombeyi seedlings performance in a Pinus contorta plantation of Patagonia, Argentina Pafundi, Leticia; Urretavizcaya, María Florencia; Defossé, Guillermo Emilio Aim of the study: to analyze, within a Pinus contorta plantation, the effects of artificially created small rectangular and small medium circular canopy gaps on: i) photosynthetic active radiation (PAR), and soil temperature and moisture, and ii) survival and growth of planted Austrocedrus chilensis and Nothofagus dombeyi seedlings, species which formerly composed the natural forest of the area. Study area: A 2 ha stand of a Pinus contorta stand in Los Alerces National Park, Argentina (42°43’S, 71°43’W, 490 m.a.s.l.). Material and methods: The Pinus contorta stand was 25 yr old, 22 m height and 26 cm DBH, presenting 1000 trees ha-1 of density and 53 m2 ha-1 of basal area. In 2009, rectangular and circular gaps were created within the stand and then seedlings were planted. During two growing seasons (2010-2011 and 2011-2012), PAR, soil temperature and moisture were measured in gaps and understory (control), and seedling survival and growth in gaps. Main results: During both seasons, soil temperature did not differ among gaps and control, whereas PAR and soil moisture were lower in control than in gaps. Seedling survival was high in all gaps regardless of species and season. Seedlings showed higher diameter growth in rectangular than in circular gaps. Research highlights: Austrocedrus chilensis and N. dombeyi seedlings survival is high and their growth slightly affected, when planted in differently-sized canopy gaps within a Pinus contorta plantation in Patagonia. However, other gap sizes and stand densities should be tested before recommending which one shows better results for reconverting monocultures into former native forests.

Rückkehr des Neoliberalismus in Argentinien: Ursachen und Perspektiven

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Rückkehr des Neoliberalismus in Argentinien: Ursachen und Perspektiven Grimson, Alejandro El texto analiza las diferentes tesis que se plantearon acerca de resultado electoral de 2015 en Argentina. En particular, la tesis sobre la baja de la commodities, sobre la concentración mediática y sobre la derechización de las nuevas clases medias. Aporta diversos elementos para mostrar que los motivos fueron más complejos. A continuación analiza también motivos del triunfo de Cambiemos y analiza las consecuencias de las primeras medidas del nuevo gobierno.

Primer registro de la sanguijuela Oxyptychus inexpectatus depredando sobre Pleurodema somuncurense y Rhinella arenarum en la meseta de Somuncura, Rio Negro, Argentina

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Primer registro de la sanguijuela Oxyptychus inexpectatus depredando sobre Pleurodema somuncurense y Rhinella arenarum en la meseta de Somuncura, Rio Negro, Argentina; First report of the leech Oxyptychus inexpectatus predating on Pleurodema somuncurense and Rhinella arenarum in the Somuncura plateau, Rio Negro, Argentina Velasco, Melina Alicia; Gullo, Bettina; Kacoliris, Federico Pablo; Kass, Camila Alejandra; Carrera, Joaquín Daniel First report of the leech Oxyptychus inexpectatus predating on Pleurodema somuncurense and Rhinella arenarum in the Somuncura plateau, Rio Negro, Argentina. Amphibians are among the most threatened vertebrates worldwide, and Argentina is not free of this situation. Not only natural threats are affecting amphibians, there is also predation by leeches. In this note we report the first record of the leech Oxypthychus inexpectatus predating on the Valcheta frog, Pleurodema somuncurense and the common toad, Rhinella arenarum, at the Somuncura plateau, Río Negro Province. Records were gathered in December of 2014, in a sector of the Valcheta stream locally named ?Rama Caliente?. For the reason that leeches can cause a negative effect on fragmented populations of endangered amphibians? species, its impact should be considered, mostly in the case of the endangered P. somuncurense. Therefore, future studies should be focused on understanding the synergy between this threat and others of unnatural origin like the presence of cattle and trout in the area.

Reciprocity and Willingness to Pay Taxes: Evidence from a Survey Experiment in Latin America

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Reciprocity and Willingness to Pay Taxes: Evidence from a Survey Experiment in Latin America Ortega, Daniel; Ronconi, Lucas; Sanguinetti, Pablo Are citizens more willing to pay taxes when government's performance improves We review the tax morale literature disentangling its different components, and provide empirical evidence exploiting a novel survey conducted in 17 Latin American cities and an experimental attempt atmeasuring reciprocity in tax collection in developing countries. The evidence suggests that governments interested in increasing tax revenues should not only focus on escalating the coercive power of the state (i.e., more audits and fines); providing better public services to society can be an effective (albeit limited) tool to raise revenues.

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