Setting priorities in clinical and health services research: Properties of an adapted and updated method Berra, Silvina del Valle; Sánchez, Emília; Pons, Joan M. V.; Tebé, Cristian; Alonso, Jordi; Aymerich, Marta Objectives: The objectives of this study is to review the set of criteria of the Institute of Medicine (IOM) for priority-setting in research with addition of new criteria if necessary, and to develop and evaluate the reliability and validity of the final priority score. Methods: Based on the evaluation of 199 research topics, forty-five experts identified additional criteria for priority-setting, rated their relevance, and ranked and weighted them in a three-round modified Delphi technique. A final priority score was developed and evaluated. Internal consistency, test–retest and inter-rater reliability were assessed. Correlation with experts’ overall qualitative topic ratings were assessed as an approximation to validity. Results: All seven original IOM criteria were considered relevant and two new criteria were added (“potential for translation into practice”, and “need for knowledge”). Final ranks and relative weights differed from those of the original IOM criteria: “research impact on health outcomes” was considered the most important criterion (4.23), as opposed to “burden of disease” (3.92). Cronbach's alpha (0.75) and test–retest stability (interclass correlation coefficient = 0.66) for the final set of criteria were acceptable. The area under the receiver operating characteristic curve for overall assessment of priority was 0.66. Conclusions: A reliable instrument for prioritizing topics in clinical and health services research has been developed. Further evaluation of its validity and impact on selecting research topics is required.

Molecular Relationships Between Saccharomyces cerevisiae Strains Involved in Winemaking from Mendoza, Argentina Mercado, Laura Analia; Jubany, Sandra; Gaggero, Carina; Masuelli, Ricardo Williams; Combina, Mariana Three molecular typing techniques were applied to assess the molecular relationships of Saccharomyces cerevisiae strains isolated from winery equipment, grapes, and spontaneous fermentation in a cellar located in ‘‘Zona Alta del Rı´o Mendoza’’ (Argentina). In addition, commercial Saccharomyces strains widely used in this region were also included. Interdelta PCR typing, mtDNA restriction analysis, and microsatellite (SSR) genotyping were applied. Dendrograms were constructed based on similarity among different patterns of bands. The combination of the three techniques discriminated 34 strains among the 35 isolates. The results of this study show the complex relationships found at molecular level among the isolates that share the same ecological environment, i.e., the winemaking process. With a few exceptions, the yeast isolates were generally clustered in different ways, depending on the typing technique employed. Three clusters were conserved independently of the molecular method applied. These groups of yeasts always clustered together and had high degree of similarity. Furthermore, the dendrograms mostly showed clusters combining strains from winery and fermentation simultaneously. Most of the commercial strains included in this study were clustered separately from the other isolates analyzed, and just a few of them grouped with the strains mainly isolated from spontaneous fermentation. Only one commercial strain was clustered repetitively with a noncommercial strain isolated from spontaneous fermentation in the three dendrograms. On the other hand, this study has demonstrated the importance of selecting an appropriate molecular method according to the main objectives of the research.

Realistic spatial and temporal earthquake distributions in a modified Olami-Feder-Christensen model Jagla, Eduardo Alberto The Olami-Feder-Christensen model describes a limiting case of an elastic surface that slides on top of a substrate and is one of the simplest models that display some features observed in actual seismicity patterns. However, temporal and spatial correlations of real earthquakes are not correctly described by this model in its original form. I propose and study a modified version of the model, which includes a mechanism of structural relaxation. With this modification, realistic features of seismicity emerge, which are not obtained with the original version, mainly: aftershocks that cluster spatially around the slip surface of the main shock and follow the Omori law, and averaged frictional properties similar to those observed in rock friction, in particular the velocity-weakening effect. In addition, a Gutenberg-Richter law for the decaying of number of earthquakes with magnitude is obtained, with a decaying exponent within the range of experimentally observed values. Contrary to the original version of the model, a realistic value of the exponent appears without the necessity to fine tune any parameter.

Cuerpo, sufrimiento y cultura; un análisis del concepto de “técnicas corporales” para el estudio del intercambio lástima‐limosna como hecho social total Matta, Juan Pablo En este artículo se abordan diferentes aspectos ligados a las formas en que el sufrimiento es dado y retribuido socialmente. En un primer momento se problematiza la temática buscando situar al sufrimiento en el marco de un sistema más amplio de intercambios que enlaza sociológicamente la acción de dar lástima (mediante la cual el sufrimiento es dado) con la práctica de la limosna. En segundo lugar se recupera el concepto mausseano de hecho social total que, a la vez que ilumina la naturaleza multidimensional de la problemática, esclarece las formas por medio de las cuales lo individual y lo colectivo se articulan en las obligaciones concretas que el intercambio moviliza. Finalmente, y desde la perspectiva que proyectan los anteriores conceptos, se explora la dimensión sociocultural del sufrimiento a través de la categoría analítica de “técnicas corporales”. Mediante este concepto se busca reconstruir algunas de las lógicas sociales que subyacen al fenómeno del sufrimiento proponiendo que el mismo sólo encuentra su sentido en el marco de las relaciones sociales en las que se expresa.

Construíndo unha pequena Euskal Herria na pampa húmida, Tandil, Arxentina Irianni, Marcelino A mediados do século XX, un grupo de exiliados vascos arriba á provincia de Bos Aires e atomízase en distintas cidades, varias delas cunha forte comunidade euscalduna arraigada social e economicamente dende 1850. Ese milleiro de vascos que construíran unha pequena Euskal Herria toponímica e comercial nun sector determinado da cidade acollen os acabados de chegar e con eles toman o impulso necesario para fundar a primeira institución euscalduna da cidade. Por que non o ¬xeron antes? Acaso porque existían os espazos de sociabilidade étnica su¬cientes en hoteis, almacéns e romarías, aínda que abertos, presentábanse como reservas dos costumes do vello pobo pirenaico. A decadencia dos hoteis étnicos, da man do corte do uxo migratorio, foi decisiva para que intentasen ter unha casa propia; os sucesos da Península, afogados portas a dentro e ocultos ao público, ¬xeron o resto. O Gure Etxea, nacido en 1949, funde as súas raíces no século XIX, pero medra co coidado dunha presada de exiliados. Palabras clave: exilio, comunidade, identidade, minoría, representación.

¿Un observatorio no observado? Un edificio de Monte Albán según los primeros arqueólogos Schavelzon Chavin, Daniel Gaston El presente artículo aborda la historia de las exploraciones llevadas a cabo en un edificio de Monte Albán, Oaxaca, conocido como Edificio Sureste, el cual pudo haber tenido la función de un observatorio cenital, de acuerdo con las evidencias analizadas. Sin embargo, los trabajos de consolidación y restauración posteriores parecen no haber tomado en cuenta dichos antecedentes, perdiéndose así los rasgos excepcionales que le daban su carácter distintivo en el contexto de la arquitectura zapoteca.

Mar del Plata para mirar y para mostrar… Acerca del encanto de las tarjetas postales Mendez, Patricia Susana Este texto refiere a la importancia que tuvo la fotografía como canal de comunicación en tanto aspectos urbanos y reflejo de la ciudad de Mar del Plata como centro turístico a principios del siglo XX fundamentalmente a través de las tarjetas postales.

Perspectivas de los médicos acupuntores sobre su práctica y el potencial de la medicina integrativa; Perspectives of acupuncture practitioners on their practice and the potential of integrative medicine Freidin, Betina Basándonos en 18 entrevistas en profundidad con médicos que han incorporado en su práctica clínica la acupuntura, analizamos cómo ellos definen la medicina que practican y la diferencian de medicina convencional o alopática. Damos cuenta de los estilos terapéuticos desarrollados por los médicos y de sus perspectivas de cómo el ejercicio de la acupuntura les ha permitido enriquecer su trabajo clínico-asistencial. Al describir su práctica los entrevistados destacan el enfoqueholístico y centrado en el paciente, y la posibilidad de ofrecer soluciones terapéuticas no farmacológicas para varias dolencias crónicas, sea como complemento o alternativa a los tratamientos convencionales. Unos pocos también destacan su anhelo de construir una relación terapéutica menos paternalista. Los testimonios sugieren un proceso de diferenciación y segmentación dentro de la profesión médica en torno a valores, identidades y compromisos de sus miembros.; Based on 18 interviews with physician acupuncturists, we analyze how they define their clinical practice and differentiate it from mainstream or allopathic medicine. We describe their styles of integration and their views of how the practice of acupuncture has enriched their clinical work. Physicians highlight the holistic and patient-centered approach they have engaged with, and point to the possibilities that unconventional medicines open up for physicians to provide gentle modalities of care, either as an alternative or as an adjunct to biomedical care. A few of them also stress their whish to facilitate a less paternalistic patient-doctor relationship. Physicians’ narratives suggest a process of differentiation and segmentation within the medical profession in terms of their members’ values, identities and commitments.

Razón o construcción: reflexiones en torno a las discusiones sobre la "realidad" en psicoterapia Sarudiansky, Mercedes El campo de la psicoterapia y la psicología clínica es relativamente nuevo dentro de las ciencias sociales. Su desarrollo ha tenido, desde el principio, marcadas influencias de distintas corrientes científicas -ya sea de las ciencias sociales como de las naturales y exactas-, así como también de la informática y la cibernética. Esto ha llevado a que sea un campo diverso y heterogéneo, que incluye concepciones diferentes acerca del sujeto, el mundo y la realidad. Estas diferencias se plasman no sólo en las distintas teorías y formas de psicoterapia que existen en la actualidad, sino también en los debates que se producen en el seno de una misma corriente psicoterapéutica.

In vitro propagation and stoloniferous stem formation of Thelesperma megapotamicum Figueroa, A. C.; Diaz, S.; Palacio, Lorena; Goleniowski, Marta Ester An efficient “in vitro” propagation protocol for Thelesperma megapotamicum (Spreng.) Kuntnze was established. Nodal segments were cultured in vitro with different combination and concentration of growth regulators. Microshoots (60-days) cultured in Murashige and Skoog (MS) with the addition of 4 mg/l 6-benzyl adenine (BA) were used as explants and incubated on a half salt concentrations MS/2 medium supplemented with different combination of indol butyric acid (IBA) and sucrose for 120 days. Explants cultured on a half of Murashige and Skoog salts (MS/2) with the addition of 1,0 mg/L-40 g/L and 1,5mg/L - 30g/L of IBA and sucrose gave shoot number and principal stem length as the control medium with higher stoloniferous stem percentage or development of shoots in stoloniferous stem respectively.

Verbascum thapsus: Antifungal and phytotoxic properties Vogt, Maria Veronica; Cravero, Carolina; Tonn, Carlos Eugenio; Sabini, Liliana Ines; Rosas, Susana Beatriz Verbascum thapsus (Schrophulariaceae) better known as Mullein is a medicinal plant used in the treatment of inflammatory diseases, asthma, spasmodic cough, diarrhea, and other pulmonary problems. The objective of this study was to evaluate the effect of V. thapsus extracts on fungal plant pathogens growth and seed germination. Verbascum thapsus leaves were treated with n-hexane, chloroform, methanol, cold and warm water to obtained the extracts. Antifungal activity was observed mainly in the methanol extract (1000 µg mL-1) against Fusarium graminearum and Macrophomina phaseolina. Furthermore, results show that the hexane, cold and warm aqueous extract favored or had no toxic effect on Lycopersicon esculentum and Triticum aestivum seeds germination and growth, while the chloroform and methanol extracts affected negatively the germination.

Construcción del conocimiento y desarrollo académico en la universidad Garello, Maria Virginia; Rinaudo, María Cristina; Donolo, Danilo Silvio Nos propusimos aportar elementos para una mayor comprensión de los procesos de construcción y aplicación del conocimiento en alumnos universitarios. Para tal fin nos planteamos analizar la naturaleza de las respuestas proporcionadas por alumnos universitarios a dos tareas consecutivas que requerían uso del conocimiento específico de la materia Didáctica. El análisis de los datos mostró las dificultades que los alumnos tienen para transferir y para recontextualizar el conocimiento en situaciones de resolución de problemas, en especial ante problemas abiertos y poco estructurados.; We propose to contribute with elements for a major understanding of the construction and application process of knowledge in university students. In that order we propose to analyze the nature of the answers provided by university pupils on two consecutives task that demand the use of specific knowledge in Didactic. The analysis of the information showed students problems to transfer and provide a new knowledge context in problem resolution situations, especially in view of open and little structured problems.

“In vitro” Hedeoma multiflorum Benth propagation in response to different nutritional conditions Diaz S.; Figueroa A. C.; Palacio, Lorena; Goleniowski, Marta Ester An efficient protocol for in vitro propagation of Hedeoma multiflorum Benth (“Tomillo de las Sierras”) was established. To determine the effect of different medium and plant growth regulators on the growth rates and essential oil production, nodal segments from in vitro 90-days old plantlets were incubated on the following media: 1) SH (Schenk and Hildebrandt); 2) WP (Lloyd and McCown); 3) B5 (Gamborg). All the media studied were supplemented with different combinations and consentrations of growth regulators: naphtaleneacetic acid (NAA) and 6-benzyl adenine (BA). The optimal shoot length and number of nodes of the plantlets, showing no statistical difference, were obtained in WP with the addition of 2.69:0.5 μM, 0.5:0.5 and 2.69:0.05 μM of NAA:BA and in absence of these growth regulators (control). The best multiple shoot medium with no statistical difference, corresponded to SH with the addition of 0.5:2.25 μM and B5 with 0.05:2.25, 0.5:2.25 and 2.69:2.25 μM of NAA:BA. The major essential oil determined by GC/MS, were common in all the plantlets grown in all the media being pulegone (62-64%) , menthone (25-28 %) and isomenthone (2-2,3%).

Roque Zubiate: Las andanzas de un ladrón de ganado en el Septentrión Novohispano (1750-1836); Roque Zubiate: The Adventures of a Cattle Thief in the Septentrión Novohispano (Northern New Spain) (1750-1836) Ortelli, Sara Ines La biografía de Roque Zubiate es una ventana que permite observar el modo de vida de pequeños rancheros y trabajadores del campo; hombres que, además de la dedicación a las tareas rurales, realizaron actividades consideradas ilícitas por las autoridades coloniales, relacionadas con el abigeato, en connivencia con algunos poderosos locales, de quienes eran, además, hombres de confianza. Esta mirada, que enfoca la trayectoria de un hombre que vivió entre la colonia y los primeros años del periodo independiente y analiza el contexto local, cuestiona el paradigma del bandolerismo como explicación a la presencia de este tipo de fenómenos en las sociedades hispanoamericanas.; The biography of Roque Zubiate is a window through which we may observe the way of life of small ranchers and farm workers. In addition to their rural work, these men also engaged in activities deemed illegal by the colonial authorities, connected with rustling and in connivance with certain powerful local people who were, moreover, trusted men. This view, which focuses on the career of a man who lived between the colonial period and the first years of independence, analyses the local context and questions the paradigm of banditry as an explanation of the presence of this kind of phenomenon in Hispano-American societies.

Bactericidal and Hemolytic Activities of Synthetic Peptides Derived from Granulysin Siano, Alvaro Sebastían; Tonarelli, Georgina Guadalupe; Imaz, María Susana; Perín, Juan Carlos; Ruggeri, María Natalia; Lopez, M.; Santi, Maria Noemi; Zerbini, Elsa Virginia Granulysin is a human polypeptide produced by cytolytic cells active against a broad range of microbes. Three peptides covering the regions 25-50 (Gr-1 and Gr-2) and 39-62 (Gr-3) of granulysin were synthesized, and their in vitro activity against Mycobacterium tuberculosis was evaluated. The most active peptide was Gr-1C, containing a disulphide bridge, with Minimal Inhibitory Concentration value of 10.1 μM. In concentrations of up to 50 μM, Gr-1 and Gr2 didn't exceed 30% of hemolysis.

Los niveles glauconíticos de la formación salamanca, Chubut: su efectividad agronómica como fuente alternativa de fertilizante potásico; The glauconitic levels of the Salamanca Formation, Chubut: its agronomic effectiveness as a potassium fertilizer alternative Castro, Liliana Norma; Scasso, Roberto Adrian; Branzini, Agustina; Zubillaga, Marta Susana; Fazio, Ana Maria; Tourn, Selvia M.; Zubillaga, María M. Las secuencias marinas del Maastrichtiano-Paleoceno inferior representadas por la Formación Salamanca y unidades equivalentes, presentan niveles con glauconita que podrían suplir parcialmente las importaciones de potasio para uso en la industria de fertilizantes. La prospección y muestreo se realizó en las nacientes del río Chico, Chubut, donde los espesores de los niveles glauconíticos alcanzan 20 metros. El trabajo se dividió en fases: fase 1, prospección, muestreo y análisis sedimentológicos y químicos de rutina; fase 2a, ensayos de concentración y tratamiento, y fase 2b, ensayos agronómicos donde se compara la efectividad agronómica de las areniscas glauconíticas (GL) con el fertilizante potásico tradicional (KCl). Estos últimos se realizaron en cámara de cultivo, con las fracciones 125 ∝m y 250 ∝m, (2,85 y 2,82 % K2O respectivamente) de GL y con KCl, variando las dosis aplicadas, más una muestra testigo resultando en total 7 tratamientos. A lo largo de las 4 cosechas no se observó un comportamiento diferencial significativo entre GL1, GL2 (125) y el testigo. Ambos tratamientos de GL 250 ∝m presentaron una mayor biomasa acumulada, superando al testigo en un 44 y 60 % respectivamente. Como conclusión, los tratamientos con GL (125) presentaron resultados poco diferenciables del testigo, en tanto que en GL (250) los valores alcanzados superaron a los obtenidos con la fertilización con KCl. Probablemente la mayor participación de feldespato potásico junto a un incremento en la velocidad de lixiviación por riego en la fracción 125 ∝m origine el rendimiento diferencial observado. La gran extensión areal de la Formación Salamanca y la continuidad de los niveles glauconíticos alienta a continuar su evaluación como fertilizante o enmienda.; The Maastrichtian-Early Palaeocene Salamanca Formation and equivalent marine sequences show several glaucony levels, which could be used as a source of potassium and could partially replace current fertilizer requirements met from import. First agronomic assays are shown comparing the efficiency of greensands (GL) with a traditional potassium fertilizer (KCl). Prospection and sampling took place in the heads of Rio Chico to east of Lago Colhué Huapi, Chubut, where glauconitic levels thickness reach to 20m. This research was separated in phases: phase 1, prospection, sampling, and sedimentological and chemical routine analyses, phase 2a, concentration and ore treatment assays, and phase 2b:, agronomic assays. This last phase, was done in culture chamber, with 125 ∝m and 250 ∝m fractions (2,85 and 2,82 % K2O respectively) and KCl. Varying the dose, seven treatments were completed. In successive harvests (four in total) was observed that GL1 and GL2 (125), did not present a significantly differential behavior with the control. Both treatments of GL 250 ∝m showed major accumulated biomass, overcoming the control in 44 and 60 % respectively. As conclusion, better results were obtained by 250 ∝m overcoming even to the KCl fertilization. Probably the major participation of K feldspars in the 125 ∝m and fast leaching of K in this fraction during successive irrigations of soil would originate the minor observed yield. The great areal extension of the Salamanca Formation and the continuity of the glauconitic levels encourage continuing the evaluation as fertilizer or amendment.

Pharmacological approaches to the treatment of tinnitus Elgoyhen, Ana Belen; Langguth, Berthold Tinnitus is the conscious perception of a phantom sound in the absence of an external source. For 1 in 100 of the general population, the condition severely affects quality of life. In spite of the fact that the market for a drug indicated for tinnitus relief is huge, there are still no FDA-approved drugs, and the quest for a tinnitus-targeted compound faces important challenges. A wide variety of drugs have been used off-label to treat tinnitus sufferers, with limited but significant effects in subsets of patients. If the compounds being developed at present by the pharmaceutical industry finally reach the market, they will establish a turning point in the treatment of this pathology.

(1931) Proposal to conserve the name Pertya against Myripnois (Asteraceae, Pertyeae) Freire, Susana Edith Se propone conservar el nombre de Pertya Sch. Bip.  en contra del género monotipico Myripnois Bunge. Se designan ademas,  lectotipos para Pertya scandens (Thunb.) Sch. Bip. (= Erigeron scandens Thunb.) y Myripnois dioica Bunge.

A model for underpotential deposition in the presence of anions Giménez, María Cecilia; Ramirez Pastor, Antonio Jose; Leiva, Ezequiel Pedro M. A simple model to study the effect of on top coadsorption of anions in underpotential deposition is formulated. It considers a lattice-gas model with pair potential interactions between nearest neighbors. As test system, the electrodeposition of silver on gold is studied by means of grand canonical Monte Carlo simulations. The influence of anions on the adsorption isotherms is analyzed. It is found that as the interaction between silver atoms and anions increases, the monolayer adsorbs at more negative chemical potentials. For large interactions between silver atoms and anions, a expanded structure occurs for the silver monolayer. © 2010 American Institute of Physics.

Antiproliferative activity of synthetic naphthoquinones related to lapachol. First synthesis of 5-hydroxylapachol Bonifazi, Evelyn Lucia; Ríos Luci, Carla; Leon, Leticia G.; Burton, Gerardo; Padron, Jose; Misico, Rosana Isabel A series of 5-hydroxy-1,4-naphthoquinones analogues was synthesized from juglone (6) and their antiproliferative activity against a representative panel of six human solid tumor cell lines has been investigated. The 2,5-dihydroxy-3-(3-methylbut-2-enyl)naphthalene-1,4-dione (4) and 2,3-dihydro-5-hydroxy-2-(prop-1-en-2-yl)naphtho[2,3-b]furan-4,9-dione (27) were the most potent antiproliferative agents with GI50 values of 0.42-8.1 and 0.80-2.2 μM, respectively. The results provide insight into the correlation between some structural properties of 5-hydroxynaphthoquinones and their antiproliferative activity.