Homenaje al Dr. Bernardo Alberto Houssay (1887-1971): sus vínculos con la Asociación Médica Argentina y con la educación en salud: a cincuenta años de su fallecimiento (primera parte); Tribute to Dr. Bernardo Alberto Houssay (1887-1971): his links with the Argentine Medical Association and with health education: fifty years after his death (first part) Hurtado Hoyo, Elías; Houssay, Leopoldo Jorge Emilio; Losardo, Jorge; Hurtado Hoyo, Elías hijo; Tooren, José Antonio van Con motivo del cincuentenario del fallecimiento del doctor Bernardo Alberto Houssay, se describe su trayectoria profesional y su relación con la Asociación Médica Argentina, así como su influencia en la enseñanza y los intentos en pos de una formación médica integral. Se mencionan distintos aspectos de su vida, que incluyen su pasión por la actividad deportiva, su vida familiar y social, entre otros.; On the fiftieth anniversary of the death of Dr. Bernardo Alberto Houssay, his professional career and his relationship with the Argentine Medical Association are described, as well as his influence on teaching and attempts towards comprehensive medical training. Different aspects of his life are mentioned, including his passion for sports, his family and social life, among others.

Resveratrol impairs cellular mechanisms associated with the pathogenesis of endometriosis Madanes, Daniela; Meresman, Gabriela Fabiana; Valla, Sofía Aylén; Hassan, Nourhan; Kiesel, Ludwig; Greve, Burkhard; Barañao, Rosa Ines; Götte, Martin; Ricci, Analía Gabriela Research question: Does resveratrol exert a potent inhibitory effect on the development of endometriosis by interfering with some pivotal processes?Design: In-vitro cultures of primary endometriotic stromal cells, immortalized endometrial stromal (St-T1b) and endometriotic epithelial (12Z) cells were used to assess the effects of resveratrol on endometrial cell mechanisms. The effects of resveratrol on 12Z and St-T1b cell viability were assessed by MTT assay, apoptosis by FITC Annexin V assay and cleaved caspase-3 levels and cell migration by wound healing assay. The effect of resveratrol on the expression of genes related to cell migration, angiogenesis and cell stemness was evaluated by qRT-PCR.Results: Resveratrol significantly decreased cell viability (P= 0.0065 to P = 0.0180), cell migration (P < 0.001 to P = 0.0225) and increased the number of apoptotic cells (P = 0.0031 to P = 0.0432) in both cell lines. In cell lines and primary culture, the treatment reduced MMP-2/TIMP-1 (P < 0.001 to P = 0.0180), VEGF (P = 0.0052 to P = 0.0243) and Ang-1 mRNA (P < 0.001 to P = 0.0382) expression. Among the stem cell phenotype markers, resveratrol 100 µM increased mRNA expression levels of Notch-1 (P < 0.001 to P = 0.0018), KLF-4 (P = 0.0011 to P = 0.0137), SOX-2 (P < 0.001 to P = 0.0070) and TERT (P < 0.001 to P = 0.0193) in both cell lines and primary cultures. The mRNA expression level of Snail-1 increased in the cell lines (P < 0.001 to P = 0.0087), whereas OCT-4 mRNA expression increased in St-T1b (P = 0.0396) and primary cultures (P = 0.0148). Vimentin mRNA expression showed a significant upregulation in primary cultures (P < 0.001). The expression of Msi-1 (P = 0.0145) and NANOG (P = 0.0080) decreased only in St-T1b cells.Conclusion: Resveratrol showed inhibitory effects on cell behaviour related to the development of endometriosis by differentially affecting growth, apoptosis, migration and stem cell phenotype of endometrial and endometriotic cells in vitro.

At-sea distribution, movements and diving behavior of Magellanic penguins reflect small-scale changes in oceanographic conditions around the colony Blanco, Gabriela Silvina; Gallo, Luciana; Pisoni, Juan Pablo; Dell´Omo, G.; Gerez, N. A.; Molina, G.; Quintana, Flavio Roberto Penguins are highly specialized divers that are expected to reflect environmental variation by adjusting their foraging behavior. We performed a comprehensive analysis of the at-sea distribution, diving, and foraging performance of Magellanic penguins (Spheniscus magellanicus) during the early chick-rearing period over two consecutive breeding seasons. The study was conducted at Cabo dos Bahías, (44° 54′ 50″ S; 65° 32′ 37″ W) a breeding colony located south of the latitudinal range of penguins’ main prey item Argentine anchovies (Engraulis anchoita). We also linked penguin foraging behavior to sea surface temperature (SST) to examine how birds cope with differences in oceanographic conditions. For this, we instrumented 37 adult penguins (18 in 2015 and 19 in 2016) with data loggers. In addition, we recorded chick growth in body mass during the first 12 days of life. Overall, the diving patterns of adult Magellanic penguins were similar in both breeding seasons. However, during 2015, adult breeders spent more time at the sea surface between foraging dives and performed more foraging dives per hour. The time spent foraging was higher in 2016 than in 2015. Foraging penguins also expanded their foraging range more than 100 km during 2016. Temperature records gathered by diving penguins during 2016 showed significantly higher temperatures, both at the sea surface as well as at the bottom of dives. Adults performed a higher foraging effort and chicks gained weight faster during 2016. Site-specific variability in prey distribution and abundance may be responsible for inter-seasonal discrepancies in the foraging and diving patterns. We reasoned that any environmental change could cause a shift in the distribution of anchovies, which would change the foraging behavior of penguins as they attempted to optimize their chick growth. Penguins from Cabo dos Bahías appear to face this environmental challenge with a highly sensitive at-sea foraging performance by increasing foraging effort when necessary.

Paleohistología en elementos craneanos de Calyptocephalella canqueli (Anura, Neobatrachia) del Mioceno temprano-medio de Santa Cruz, Argentina, y su implicancia paleoambiental Fornari, Tomás; Riguetti, Facundo; Muzzopappa, Paula En este resumen se presentan los resultados preliminares del estudio de ocho cortes paleohistológicos realizados sobre cuatro maxilares de la especie extinta Calyptocephalella canqueli (Anura, Neobatrachia). Los materiales, aislados y fragmentarios, fueron recolectados de niveles de edad Mioceno Temprano–Medio (18–15,2 Ma) de la Formación Santa Cruz en el Río Chalía (Santa Cruz), y se encuentran depositados en el Museo Padre Molina (Río Gallegos). En Calyptocephalella se diferencian claramente tres regiones morfológicas del maxilar: pars facialis, pars palatina, ambas con ornamentación exostótica en su superficie externa, y pars dentalis, con tabiques para dientes pedicelados. En los cortes delgados se evidencian características similares, como la presencia de una corteza externa ornamentada de hueso compacto, lamelar y prácticamente avascular. En los cortes transversales se observan diferencias en las distintas regiones morfológicas: la pars palatina presenta una matriz entretejida con fibras de empaquetamiento grueso, con una elevada vascularización (incluyendo espacios de reabsorción parcialmente rellenos), sugiriendo un crecimiento óseo rápido, mientras que la pars facialis suele presentar una matriz pseudolamelar poco vascularizada. En los cortes longitudinales se encontraron restos de dientes en la pars dentalis y aparentes marcas de crecimiento en la pars palatina. No se observaron osteonas secundarias y en algunos cortes transversales se distinguieron fibras de Sharpey en la pars palatina. Estas observaciones, que aún requieren de comparaciones con taxones vivientes para establecer implicancias paleoecológicas, constituyen los primeros pasos para desentrañar diversos aspectos biológicos de C. canqueli, un taxón que poblaba extensamente la Patagonia durante finales del Oligoceno y el Mioceno Temprano–Medio

Hydrogeochemistry of an Acid River and Lake Related to an Active Volcano: The Case of Study. Agrio River—Copahue Volcano in Patagonia, Argentina Llano, Joaquin; Lamberti, María Clara Isabel; Sierra, Daniel; Agusto, Mariano Roberto During the last three decades, Copahue volcano has been one of the most studied volcanoes in Argentina and Chile. Extensive research has been devoted to studying the geochemistry of rocks and fluids of the Copahue-Caviahue volcanic complex, paying particular attention to the geochemical behavior of the water system. In this study, 275 published analyses of water geochemistry were compiled, in order to describe and revise the processes that control it. Thus, different processes that were previously described in the main volcanic-hydrological system were reanalyzed, such as ions and elements dilution along the Agrio River; alunite, jarosite and barite precipitation in the headwaters; schwertmannite and basaluminite precipitation in the Caviahue Lake and the lower Agrio River. Also, processes such as the incorporation of some elements (As, Tl and Pb) into waters through magmatic gases, and the absortion/adsortion of As, V, Cr and rare earth elements in the hydroxysulfates precipitates are described for the first time.

Investigación y colaboración en diálogo: migración y educación desde la experiencia en una radio comunitaria; Research and collaboration in dialogue: migration and education from the experience of a community radio station; Investigação e colaboração em diálogo: migração e educação a partir da experiência em uma estação de rádio comunitária Diez, Maria Laura; Novaro, Gabriela; Fariña, Francisco; Ferreiro, Julieta; Varela, Melina Damiana En este trabajo reflexionamos sobre una experiencia de colaboración realizada en el marco de nuestras investigaciones con población boliviana que vive en Argentina. Analizamos la participación en un programa radial que sostenemos desde el año 2019 en la Colectividad Boliviana de Escobar(provincia de Buenos Aires). Esta experiencia se realizó como parte de las actividades que desde hace años desarrollamos con las familias, organizaciones de migrantes y escuelas de esta localidad. Procurando vincular nuestras investigaciones con la experiencia, nos detenemos en las relaciones previas que facilitaron el programa y las que este habilitó, así como en las temáticas que formaron parte de las emisiones: vivencias escolares en Bolivia y Argentina; recuerdos que marcan historias de vida entre allá y acá; aprendizajes en las experiencias transnacionales; importancia de la lengua quechua, el trabajo y las situaciones recreativas y festivas en relación con las pertenencias identitarias. Desde este recorrido, exploramos el lugar de la colaboración en el desarrollo de investigaciones etnográficas en educación.; In this paper we reflect on a collaborative experience carried out in the framework of our research with Bolivian population living in Argentina. We analyze the participation in a radio program that we have been holding since 2019 in the Bolivian Collectivity of Escobar (province of Buenos Aires). This experience was carried out as part of the activities that we have been developing for years with families, migrant organizations and schools in this locality. Trying to link our research with the experience, we focus on the previous relationships that facilitated the program and those that it enabled and on the topics that were part of the broadcasts: school experiences in Bolivia and Argentina; memories that mark life stories between there and here; learning in transnational experiences; importance of the Quichua language, work and recreational and festive situations in relation to identity belongings. From this journey we explore the place of collaboration in the development of ethnographic research in education.; Neste trabalho, reflectimos sobre uma experiência de colaboração levada a cabo em no âmbito da nossa investigação com a população boliviana residente na Argentina. Analisamos a participação num programa de rádio que fazemos desde 2019 na Colectividade Boliviana de Escobar (província de Buenos Aires). Esta experiência foi realizada como parte das actividades que temos vindo a desenvolver há anos com famílias, organizações de migrantes e escolas na cidade de Escobar. Procurando ligar nossa investigação a essa experiência, reflectimos sobre as relações anteriores que facilitaram o programa e aquelas que ele próprio habilitou, y nos temas que faziam parte das emissões: experiências escolares na Bolívia e na Argentina; memórias que marcam histórias de vida entre lá e cá; aprendizagem em experiências transnacionais; a importância da língua quichua, do trabalho e de situações recreativas e festivas em relação às identidades. A partir deste percurso exploramos o lugar da colaboração no desenvolvimento da investigação etnográfica na educação.

Host receptor-targeted therapeutic approach to counter pathogenic New World mammarenavirus infections Hickerson, Brady T.; Daniels Wells, Tracy R.; Payés, Cristian; Clark, Lars E.; Candelaria, Pierre V.; Bailey, Kevin W.; Sefing, Eric J.; Zink, Samantha; Ziegenbein, James; Abraham, Jonathan; Helguera, Gustavo Fernando; Penichet, Manuel L.; Gowen, Brian Five New World mammarenaviruses (NWMs) cause life-threatening hemorrhagic fever (HF). Cellular entry by these viruses is mediated by human transferrin receptor 1 (hTfR1). Here, we demonstrate that an antibody (ch128.1/IgG1) which binds the apical domain of hTfR1, potently inhibits infection of attenuated and pathogenic NWMs in vitro. Computational docking of the antibody Fab crystal structure onto the known structure of hTfR1 shows an overlapping receptor-binding region shared by the Fab and the viral envelope glycoprotein GP1 subunit that binds hTfR1, and we demonstrate competitive inhibition of NWM GP1 binding by ch128.1/IgG1 as the principal mechanism of action. Importantly, ch128.1/IgG1 protects hTfR1-expressing transgenic mice against lethal NWM challenge. Additionally, the antibody is well-tolerated and only partially reduces ferritin uptake. Our findings provide the basis for the development of a novel, host receptor-targeted antibody therapeutic broadly applicable to the treatment of HF of NWM etiology.

Epithelial and neural cadherin in mammalian fertilization: studies in the mouse model Verón, Gustavo Luis; Veiga, Maria Florencia; Cameo, Mónica; Marin Briggiler, Clara Isabel; Vazquez, Monica Hebe Successful mammalian fertilization requires a well-orchestrated sequence of molecular events leading to gamete fusion. Since this interaction involves Ca2+-dependent adhesion events, the participation of the Ca+2-dependent cell-cell adhesion proteins Epithelial (E-cad) and Neural (N-cad) cadherin is envisaged. We have previously reported the expression of E-cad and N-cad in human gametes and showed evidence of their involvement in sperm-oocyte adhesion events leading to fertilization. To overcome ethical limitations associated with the use of human gametes in fertilization-related studies, the mouse has been selected worldwide as the experimental model for over 4 decades. Herein, we report a detailed study aimed at characterizing the expression of E-cad and N-cad in murine gametes and their involvement in murine fertilization using specific antibodies and blocking peptides towards both adhesion proteins. E-cad and N-cad protein forms, as well as other members of the adhesion complex, specifically β-catenin and actin, were identified in spermatozoa, cumulus cells and oocytes protein extracts by means of Western immunoblotting. In addition, subcellular localization of these proteins was determined in whole cells using optical fluorescent microscopy. Gamete pre-incubation with anti-E-cad (ECCD-1) or N-cad (H-63) antibodies resulted in decreased (p < 0.05) In Vitro Fertilization (IVF) rates, when using both cumulus-oocytes complexes and cumulus-free oocytes. Moreover, IVF assays done with denuded oocytes and either antibodies or blocking peptides against E-cad and N-cad led to lower (p < 0.05) fertilization rates. When assessing each step, penetration of the cumulus mass was lower (p < 0.05) when spermatozoa were pre-incubated with ECCD-1 or blocking peptides towards E-cad or towards both E- and N-cad. Moreover, sperm-oolemma binding was impaired (p < 0.0005) after sperm pre-incubation with E-cad antibody or blocking peptide towards E-cad, N-cad or both proteins. Finally, sperm-oocyte fusion was lower (p < 0.05) after sperm pre-incubation with either antibody or blocking peptide against E-cad or N-cad. Our studies demonstrate the expression of members of the adherent complex in the murine model, and the use of antibodies and specific peptides revealed E-cad and N-cad participation in mammalian fertilization.

Preparation and Curation of Phenotypic Datasets Alvarez Prado, Santiago; Hernández, Fernando; Achilli, Ana Laura; Amelong, Agustina Based on case studies, in this chapter we discuss the extent to which the number and identity of quantitative trait loci (QTL) identified from genome-wide association studies (GWAS) are affected by curation and analysis of phenotypic data. The chapter demonstrates through examples the impact of (1) cleaning of outliers, and of (2) the choice of statistical method for estimating genotypic mean values of phenotypic inputs in GWAS. No cleaning of outliers resulted in the highest number of dubious QTL, especially at loci with highly unbalanced allelic frequencies. A trade-off was identified between the risk of false positives and the risk of missing interesting, yet rare alleles. The choice of the statistical method to estimate genotypic mean values also affected the output of GWAS analysis, with reduced QTL overlap between methods. Using mixed models that capture spatial trends, among other features, increased the narrow-sense heritability of traits, the number of identified QTL and the overall power of GWAS analysis. Cleaning and choosing robust statistical models for estimating genotypic mean values should be included in GWAS pipelines to decrease both false positive and false negative rates of QTL detection.

The arsenal of bioactive molecules in the skin secretion of urodele amphibians Barros, Ana L. A. N.; Hamed, Abdelaaty; Marani, Mariela Mirta; Moreira, Daniel C.; Eaton, Peter; Plácido, Alexandra; Kato, Massuo J.; Leite, José Roberto S. A. Urodele amphibians (∼768 spp.), salamanders and newts, are a rich source of molecules with bioactive properties, especially those isolated from their skin secretions. These include pharmacological attributes, such as antimicrobial, antioxidant, vasoactive, immune system modulation, and dermal wound healing activities. Considering the high demand for new compounds to guide the discovery of new drugs to treat conventional and novel diseases, this review summarizes the characteristics of molecules identified in the skin of urodele amphibians. We describe urodele-derived peptides and alkaloids, with emphasis on their biological activities, which can be considered new scaffolds for the pharmaceutical industry. Although much more attention has been given to anurans, bioactive molecules produced by urodeles have the potential to be used for biotechnological purposes and stand as viable alternatives for the development of therapeutic agents.

Lo que la pandemia nos quitó: Relatos de estudiantes con discapacidad intelectual en tiempos de covid-19; What the pandemic took from us: stories from students with intellectual disabilities in Covid-19 times Schwamberger, Cintia María El presente artículo tiene como objetivo relatar la experiencia de estudiantes con discapacidad intelectual en escuelas secundarias emplazadas en contexto de pobreza urbana de la Región Metropolitana de Buenos Aires. Desde una metodología cualitativa nos centramos en las voces de dos estudiantes que narran su experiencia escolar en tiempos de confinamiento. Sostenemos que se vuelve clave recuperar las voces de quienes son destinatarios de las políticas de inclusión que asumen, en tiempos de neoliberalismo recargado, una práctica cosmética como forma de solapamiento de las desigualdades que viven a diario las personas con discapacidad. En rigor, esto no es nuevo, sino que, los efectos y afectos de las políticas profundizaron las marcas de exclusión que vivió el colectivo en tiempos de COVID-19. Esta situación conduce a la necesidad de analizar y poner en discusión las condiciones materiales que habitan y cómo se desarrolla la escolaridad. En los relatos se evidencian las tensiones atravesadas, en tiempos de cuarentena, en tanto que obstáculos, pero, a la vez, de distintas prácticas que les permitió desplegar sus potencias y habilidades.; This article aims to report the experience of students with intellectual disabilities who go through their schooling in secondary schools located in contexts of urban poverty in the Metropolitan Region of Buenos Aires. From a qualitative methodology, we focus on the voices of two students who narrate their school experience in times of confinement. We argue that it is essential to recover the voices of those who are recipients of inclusion policies that assume, in times of overloaded neoliberalism, a cosmetic practice as a form of overlapping of the inequalities that people with disabilities experience every day. Strictly speaking, this is not new, but rather, the effects and effects of the policies deepened the marks of exclusion that the group experienced in times of COVID-19. This situation leads to the need to analyze and discuss the material conditions they inhabit and how schooling is developed. In the stories, the tensions they experienced are evident, in times of quarantine, as obstacles but, at the same time, of different practices that allowed them to display their powers and abilities.

Antes, durante y después de la muerte: Narrativas biográficas del homicidio en enfrentamientos y peleas entre varones en el AMBA (2000-2020) Di Marco, Martín Hernán ¿Quiénes son los varones que cometen homicidios? ¿Cómo son sus vidas y qué eventos las marcan? ¿Qué sentido le dan a la muerte violenta? Y, ¿cómo experimentan el momento del crimen? Desde una perspectiva microsociológica y narrativa, este libro indaga sobre los relatos de vida de varones cisgénero que produjeron la muerte de otros varones en peleas y enfrentamientos en el Área Metropolitana de Buenos Aires.La propuesta teórica y empírica de este libro es tanto el resultado de una vacancia académica en comprender las vidas de perpetradores de violencia letal, como también una respuesta a la parcialización disciplinar en el campo de estudios de la violencia. Esta investigación surge del interés por integrar diferentes dimensiones que permitan complejizar este fenómeno. Las vidas previas al evento, la dinámica experiencial durante los enfrentamientos y las explicaciones del acto son, de este modo, tres modos de abordar, desmenuzar y estudiar qué ocurre en la vida de estos varones.Esta tesis doctoral explora y examina los sentidos con los que se gestiona el haber cometido un homicidio y, a su vez, da cuenta de la lectura estoica con la que los varones reconstruyen los enfrentamientos. El hecho de que el homicidio no siempre sea experimentado como un giro biográfico, que los conflictos entre varones seas vividos como inevitables y viscerales, y que los varones empleen diferentes historias para justificar, racionalizar, neutralizar y, en algunos casos, legitimar el matar son algunos de los resultados que esta tesis explora.Las preguntas y respuestas sobre el campo de la violencia que aquí se desprenden tienen como intención contribuir a las miradas que se han encargado de comprender las condiciones de posibilidad sociales y subjetivas de la violencia letal. Este libro se encuadra en la profunda convicción de hacer visibles los modos dominantes en que las identidades masculinas se vinculan, a la vez que producen y reproducen ciertos sentidos sobre la agresión física cómo práctica legítima, viable o inevitable para abordar conflictos interpersonales.

Ultraconserved elements-based systematics reveals evolutionary patterns of host-plant family shifts and phytophagy within the predominantly parasitoid braconid wasp subfamily Doryctinae Samacá Sáenz, Ernesto; Santos, Bernardo F.; Martinez, Juan Jose; Egan, Scott P.; Shaw, Scott R.; Hanson, Paul E.; Zaldívar Riverón, Alejandro Phytophagy has promoted species diversification in many insect groups, including Hymenoptera, one of the most diverse animal orders on Earth. In the predominantly parasitoid family Braconidae, an association with insect-induced, plant galls in angiosperms have been reported in three subfamilies, but in particular in the Doryctinae, where it has been recorded to occur in species of ten genera. Allorhogas Gahan is the most species-rich of these genera, with its species having different phytophagous strategies. Here we conducted a comprehensive phylogenomic study for the doryctine gall-associated genera, with an emphasis on Allorhogas, using ultraconserved elements (UCEs). Based on this estimate of phylogeny we: (1) evaluated their taxonomic composition, (2) estimated the timing of origin of the gall-associated clade and divergence of its main subclades, and (3) performed ancestral state reconstruction analyses for life history traits related to their host-plant association. Our phylogenetic hypothesis confirmed Allorhogas as polyphyletic, with most of its members being nested in a main clade composed of various subclades, each comprising species with a particular host-plant family and herbivorous feeding habit. The origin of gall-association was estimated to have occurred during the late Oligocene to early Miocene, with a subsequent diversification of subclades during the middle to late Miocene and Pliocene. Overlap in divergence timing appears to occur between some taxa and their host-associated plant lineages. Evolution of the feeding strategies in the group shows “inquilinism-feeding” as the likely ancestral state, with gall-formation in different plant organs and seed predation having independently evolved on multiple occasions.

Species-specificity in thermopreference and CO2-gated heat-seeking in culex mosquitoes Reinhold, Joanna M.; Chandrasegaran, Karthikeyan; Oker, Helen; Crespo, José Emilio; Vinauger, Clément; Lahondère, Chloé Combining thermopreference (Tp) and CO2 -gated heat-seeking assays, we studied the thermal preferendum and response to thermal cues in three Culex mosquito species exhibiting differences in native habitat and host preference (e.g., biting cold and/or warm-blooded animals). Results show that these species differ in both Tp and heat-seeking behavior. In particular, we found that Culex territans, which feed primarily on cold-blood hosts, did not respond to heat during heat-seeking assays, regardless of the CO2 concentration, but exhibited an intermediate Tp during resting. In contrast, Cx. quinquefasciatus, which feeds on warm blooded hosts, sought the coolest locations on a thermal gradient and responded only moderately to thermal stimuli when paired with CO2 at higher concentrations. The third species, Cx. tarsalis, which has been shown to feed on a wide range of hosts, responded to heat when paired with high CO2 levels and exhibited a high Tp. This study provides the first insights into the role of heat and CO2 in the host seeking behavior of three disease vectors in the Culex genus and highlights differences in preferred resting temperatures.

Beatriz Sarlo, Carlos Altamirano y Ricardo Piglia en el huracán de la historia: de la revista Los libros a El camino de ida; Beatriz Sarlo, Carlos Altamirano and Ricardo Piglia in the hurricane of history: from the journal Los libros to El camino de ida Cámara, Mario Cesar El presente artículo propone una relectura de la revista Los libros que problematice la división con la que frecuentemente se la ha leído entre un primer periodo modernizador y un posterior periodo de radicalización política. Para ello toma en cuenta algunos de los contenidos de los diferentes números, y la polémica entre Carlos Altamirano, Ricardo Piglia y Beatriz Sarlo en torno al gobierno de Isabel Perón. Por último, se propone reflexionar sobre el modo en que los propios protagonistas recuerdan aquel periodo.; This article proposes a rereading of Los libros magazine that problematizes the division through which it has frequently been read between a first modernizing period and a later period of political radicalization. In order to do this it takes into account some of the contents of Los libros, and the controversy between Carlos Altamirano, Ricardo Piglia and Beatriz Sarlo around the government of Isabel Perón. Finally, the article addresses the way in which the protagonists themselves remember that period.

Modalidades e inscripciones de la utopía en el imaginario alrededor de la "e(in)migración" italiana en Argentina; Modalities and inscriptions of the utopia in the imaginary around the Italian “e(in)migration” in Argentina; Modalità e iscrizioni dell'utopia nell'immaginario intorno all’e(im)migrazione italiana in Argentina Bravo Herrera, Fernanda Elisa Este trabajo propone estudiar desde el comparatismo algunas representaciones de la utopía y de sus proyecciones míticas, vinculadas con la “e(in)migración” italiana en la Argentina. El corpus comprende una selección de textos literarios de Nella Pasini, Adolfo Saldías, Pedro Orgambide, Armando Discépolo, Gastón Gori, Antonio Marazzi, Paolo Mantegazza, Dino Campana, entre otros.; This work proposes to study from the comparatism some representations of utopia and its mythical projections, linked to the Italian e(in)migration in Argentina. The corpus comprises a selection of literary texts by Nella Pasini, Adolfo Saldías, Pedro Orgambide, Armando Discépolo, Gastón Gori, Antonio Marazzi, Paolo Mantegazza, Dino Campana, among others.; Questo lavoro si propone di studiare, dal comparatismo, alcune rappresentazioni dell'utopia e delle sue proiezioni mitiche, legate alla e(in)migrazione italiana in Argentina. Il corpus comprende una selezione di testi letterari di Nella Pasini, Adolfo Saldías, Pedro Orgambide, Armando Discépolo, Gastón Gori, Antonio Marazzi, Paolo Mantegazza, Dino Campana, tra gli altri.

Acciones en la enseñanza, la investigación y la extensión desplegadas ante la emergencia de la pandemia COVID-19 en la Universidad Nacional de Moreno Sánchez, Adriana; Carelli, Roxana Silvia; Diaz, Cecilia Beatriz; Henry, Maria Laura; Ramos, Graciela El objetivo de este capítulo es analizar qué aspectos la Universidad Nacional de Moreno (UNM) identificó como problemas para su Funcionamiento en contexto de COVID-19 durante el año 2020 y qué acciones se emprendieron para mantener la universidad en actividad. De esta forma, a lo largo de estas páginas se reflejará la experiencia particular de la UNM y se mostrará qué cuestiones fueron perfilándose como puntos de intervención, así como las estrategias desarrolladas, en función de la trayectoria previa y de la visión allí existente sobre la educación superior.

Evaluating the Potential of Culms from Sugarcane and Energy Cane Varieties Grown in Argentina for Second-Generation Ethanol Production Kane, Aissata Ousmane; Pellergini, Vanessa O. Arnoldi; Espirito Santo, Melissa C.; Ngom, Balla Diop; Garcia, Jose Maria; Acevedo, Alberto; Erazzú, Luis Ernesto; Polikarpov, Igor The efficient transformation of lignocellulosic biomass into fermentable sugars is essential for building bioeconomies. Sugarcane is an important agricultural crop in a number of Latin American countries, including Brazil and Argentina. Herein culms from two different sugarcane (SC384 and SC724) and two energy cane varieties (EC3116 and EC3118) bred in Argentina were evaluated for sustainable production of second-generation biofuels and green chemicals. Changes in the biomass crystallinity, structure, and morphology introduced by pretreatments were investigated using X-ray diffraction (DRX), confocal laser scanning microscopy (CLSM), and scanning electron microscopy (SEM) techniques. Enzymatic hydrolysis yields of untreated and pretreated sugarcane and energy cane culms were determined and correlated with physical analyses and chemical composition characterizations. Overall, after combined acid and alkali pretreatment, enzymatic convertibility was highly efficient for all studied sugarcane and energy cane varieties, reaching over 97% of theoretical conversion yields. High crystallinity indices and crystallite sizes of pretreated culms and SEM results and CLSM were consistent with the removal of lignin, solubilization of hemicellulose, and amorphous parts of lignocellulose imprinted by the pretreatments. High potential of culms from sugarcane and energy cane varieties cultivated in Argentina for sustainable production of renewable lignocellulosic sugars and their transformation into green chemicals and fuels was demonstrated. Graphic Abstract: [Figure not available: see fulltext.]

Política exterior como política pública: reflexiones teóricas y metodológicas en marco del caso de la República Argentina Fernandez Alonso, Jose Marcelino; Zelicovich, Julieta El presente artículo se propone analizar las referencias a la política exterior como política pública en la producción científica contemporánea de la República Argentina. De modo específico, escruta el modo en el que dicha noción fue definida y operacionalizada por la academia durante las últimas décadas. En el análisis de los alcances y limitaciones de tales definiciones y operacionalizaciones, el trabajo proyecta contribuir a las discusiones teórico-metodológicas en torno a la identificación de la política exterior como política pública, y tras ello, a la construcción de puentes entre los campos de estudio dedicados al Análisis de la Política Exterior (APE) dentro de las Relaciones Internacionales (RRII) y de las políticas públicas en la Ciencia Política.; This article aims to analyze the references to foreign policy as public policy in contemporary scientific production in the Argentine Republic. Specifically, it scrutinizes the way in which this notion was defined and operationalized by academia during the last decades. In analyzing the scope and limitations of such definitions and operationalizations, the work plans to contribute to the theoretical-methodological discussions around the identification of foreign policy as public policy, and after that, to the construction of bridges between the fields of study dedicated to the Analysis of Foreign Policy (APE) within International Relations (IR) and Public Policies in Political Science.

Ferias internacionales de libros: Trabajo de campo, archivo y arqueología reflexiva; International book fairs: Fieldwork, archives and reflexive archaeology Sora, Gustavo Alejandro Las ferias internacionales de libros (FIL) son los acontecimientos más dinámicos para observar agentes, prácticas, ideas y poderes que definen los libros disponibles en los mercados editoriales en determinadas coordenadas de espacio, tiempo y lengua. El artículo expone un retorno reflexivo a experiencias de investigación sobre FIL, iniciadas hace treinta años. Su objetivo es contribuir a un tema que solo muy recientemente ha granjeado interés por parte de colegas de múltiples orígenes nacionales y disciplinares; en otras palabras, legitimidad como objeto de conocimiento. El impulso para este ejercicio fue la experiencia de ordenamiento de los archivos generados a lo largo de una docena de etnografías en diversas ferias de América Latina y de Europa para su consulta pública. La transformación del archivo, su pasaje de objeto privado a público, fue producto de dos demandas: una institucional y otra por parte de colegas de seis orígenes nacionales distintos que solicitaron revisar la documentación generada en mis trabajos de campo. El tema es abierto a partir de la analogía entre la cara visible de la producción editorial en general y en las ciencias sociales y humanas particularmente (lo que podemos comunicar en artículos y otras producciones) frente a la cara en sombras: las acciones de los intermediarios en aquel mercado de bienes simbólicos (editores, libreros, traductores, etc.), por un lado, y el trabajo de producción de conocimiento que antecede a la edición de resultados (el trabajo de campo, la clasificación de materiales, la composición de archivos, los condicionamientos institucionales, etc.), por el otro. Para vivificar ese conjunto de experiencias, el texto luego transcribe fragmentos de un cuaderno de campo (escrito en Liber-Madrid ’97) y pasa a un análisis de las evidencias, donde selecciono algunos de los ejes conceptuales más productivos en mis trabajos, como por ejemplo las relaciones entre nación y globalización, entre profesionalización e internacionalización. El conjunto documental y analítico permite disponer de un sustrato para problematizar los archivos del campo y la etnografía de archivos, con miras a una propuesta epistemológica que potencie la dialéctica entre ambos polos o medios de producción de conocimiento. En el cruce entre formas personales de hacer etnografía con cierta impronta arqueológica y la respuesta a hipótesis de autores como Foucault y Bourdieu sobre los poderes y estructuras, espacios y tiempos de la producción de la ciencia, el trabajo, en definitiva, se orienta a un análisis de las condiciones bajo las cuales se legitiman temas, áreas de investigación y disciplinas en las ciencias sociales y humanas contemporáneas.; International book fairs (IBF) are the most dynamic events for observing the agents, practices, ideas and powers that define the books available in the publishing markets in certain coordinates of space, time and language. The article presents a reflexive return to research experiences on IBF, which began thirty years ago. It aims to contribute to a topic that has only very recently gained interest from colleagues of multiple national and disciplinary backgrounds; in other words, an object of knowledge in the process of being legitimised. The impetus for this exercise was the experience of arranging the archives generated over a dozen ethnographies in various fairs in Latin America and Europe for public consultation. The transformation of the archive, its passage from a private reservoir to a public one, was the product of two demands: one institutional and the other from colleagues from six different national origins who asked to review the documentation generated in my fieldwork. The theme is open with an analogy between the visible face of publishing production in general and in the social and human sciences in particular (what we can communicate in articles and other productions) as opposed to the face in shadows: the actions of intermediaries in that market of symbolic goods (publishers, booksellers, translators, etc.), on the one hand, and the work of knowledge production which precedes the publication of results (fieldwork, classification of materials, composition of archives, institutional conditioning, etc.), on the other. To enliven this set of experiences, the text then transcribes fragments of a field notebook (written in Liber-Madrid '97) and moves on to an analysis of the evidence, where I select some of the most productive conceptual axes in my work, such as the relations between professionalisation and internationalisation, between nation and globalisation. The documentary and analytical ensemble provides a substrate for problematising field archives and ethnography of archives, with a view to an epistemological proposal that enhances the dialectic between both poles or means of knowledge production. At the crossroads between personal forms of making ethnography with a certain archaeological imprint and the response to hypotheses by authors such as Foucault and Bourdieu on the powers and structures, spaces and times of the production of science, this article is ultimately oriented towards an analysis of the conditions under which subjects, areas of research and disciplines are legitimised in the contemporary social and human sciences.