Creativos, divertidos, emprendedores y meritocráticos: El trabajo en contexto de las tecnologías de la información; Creatives, fun, entrepreneurs and meritocratic: Work in the context of information technologies; Criativos, engraçados, empreendedores e meritocráticos: O trabalho no contexto das tecnologias da informação Palermo Haber, Hernán Manuel; Ventrici, Patricia El propósito del presente artículo es analizar la fuerza de trabajo que se produce y reproduce en un contexto laboral signado por la tecnología digital, en particular, en la empresa estrella en e-commerce de Latinoamérica: Mercado Libre. Específicamente, nos interesa abordar las significaciones acerca del trabajo que realizan los trabajadores y las trabajadoras, comprendiendo que estas se encuentran en una tensión constante entre las políticas empresarias, los procesos de pedagógicos de producción de una determinada fuerza de trabajo y las agencias de los sujetos. En este espacio laboral, el emprendedurismo y la meritocracia se perfilan como los sentidos dominantes en relación con la idea trabajo. Asimismo, indagamos las tensiones que se suscitan en la construcción gremial: sus desafíos, estrategias y limitaciones en una empresa donde la construcción managerial normativiza una noción de individuo como primera y última finalidad.; This article aims to analyze the work force that is produced and reproduced in a labor context marked by digital technology. In particular, we focus on the leading e-commerce company in Latin America: Mercado Libre. Specifically, we are interested in addressing worker’s meanings about work, understanding that they are in constant tension between business policies, business pedagogical processes and the agency of subjects. In this workspace, entrepreneurship and meritocracy emerge as the dominant meanings in relation to the idea of work. Likewise, we examine the tensions that arise in union construction: its challenges, strategies and limitations in a company where managerial construction standardizes a notion of the individual as the first and last purpose.; O objetivo deste artigo é analisar a força de trabalho que é produzida e reproduzida em um contexto de trabalho marcado pela tecnologia digital, em particular, na principal empresa de comércio eletrônico da América Latina: o “Mercado Libre”. Especificamente, estamos interessados em abordar os significados sobre o trabalho que os funcionários fazem, entendendo que eles estão em constante tensão entre as políticas de negócios, os processos pedagógicos de produção de uma determinada força de trabalho e os próprias agências. Neste espaço de trabalho o empreendedorismo e a meritocracia estão emergindo como os sentidos dominantes em relação à ideia de trabalho. Da mesma forma, investigamos as tensões que surgem na construção do sindicato: seus desafios, estratégias e limitações em uma empresa onde a construção gerencial padroniza a noção do indivíduo como primeira e última finalidade.

Adhesins of Brucella: Their Roles in the Interaction with the Host Bialer, Magali Graciela; Sycz, Gabriela; Muñoz González, Florencia; Ferrero, Mariana Cristina; Baldi, Pablo Cesar; Zorreguieta, Ángeles A central aspect of Brucella pathogenicity is its ability to invade, survive, and replicate in diverse phagocytic and non-phagocytic cell types, leading to chronic infections and chronic inflammatory phenomena. Adhesion to the target cell is a critical first step in the invasion process. Several Brucella adhesins have been shown to mediate adhesion to cells, extracellular matrix components (ECM), or both. These include the sialic acid-binding proteins SP29 and SP41 (binding to erythrocytes and epithelial cells, respectively), the BigA and BigB proteins that contain an Ig-like domain (binding to cell adhesion molecules in epithelial cells), the monomeric autotransporters BmaA, BmaB, and BmaC (binding to ECM components, epithelial cells, osteoblasts, synoviocytes, and trophoblasts), the trimeric autotransporters BtaE and BtaF (binding to ECM components and epithelial cells) and Bp26 (binding to ECM components). An in vivo role has also been shown for the trimeric autotransporters, as deletion mutants display decreased colonization after oral and/or respiratory infection in mice, and it has also been suggested for BigA and BigB. Several adhesins have shown unipolar localization, suggesting that Brucella would express an adhesive pole. Adhesin-based vaccines may be useful to prevent brucellosis, as intranasal immunization in mice with BtaF conferred high levels of protection against oral challenge with B. suis.

Helminths from Sigmodontinae rodents (Muroidea: Cricetidae) in Humid Chaco ecoregion (Argentina): A list of species, host and geographical distribution; Helmintos de roedores Sigmodontinae (Muroidea: Cricetidae) en la ecorregión del Chaco Húmedo (Argentina): lista de especies, hospedadores y distribución geográfica Gómez Muñoz, María de Los Ángeles; Robles, Maria del Rosario; Milano, Alicia María Francisca; Digiani, Maria Celina; Notarnicola, Juliana; Galliari, Carlos Alberto; Navone, Graciela Teresa Los objetivos de este trabajo fueron presentar una lista de helmintos de especies de roedores simpátricos (Muroidea, Cricetidae) de la ciudad de Corrientes, ecorregión del Chaco Húmedo, Argentina, y recopilar registros y datos ecológicos de las especies hospedadoras. Catorce especies de helmintos fueron hallados en un ensamble de 6 roedores. Cinco nuevos hospedadores y 12 nuevos registros geográficos son reportados para la región del Chaco Húmedo. El mayor valor de prevalencia corresponde a Stilestrongylus stilesi, Hassalstrongylus mazzai, H. argentinus y Mazzanema fortuita, y los mayores valores de abundancia media e intensidad media corresponde a S. stilesi de Necromys lasiurus. Los Nippostrongylinae fue el grupo dominante en todas las especies de roedores. Se presentan los descriptores ecológicos de la comunidad componente (riqueza, número total de especímenes parásitos, índice de diversidad, equitatibilidad y dominancia). El valor más elevado del índice de riqueza fue observado para N. lasiurus (S = 6). El índice de diversidad alcanzó valores entre 1.11 en Holochilus chacarius y 0.16 in Akodon azarae. El índice de equitatibilidad presentó valores mayores para Oligoryzomys flavescens (0.96) y H. chacarius (0.81). Los valores más altos de dominancia de Berger-Parker fueron observados en A. azarae (0.96), seguido por N. lasiurus (0.86). El presente trabajo contribuye al estudio taxonómico y ecológico de las relaciones parásito-hospedador, proporcionando información sustancial a una de las ecorregiones más afectadas por las acciones antrópicas en Argentina.; The aims of this paper were to list the helminths from sympatric rodent species (Muroidea, Cricetidae) in Corrientes city, Humid Chaco ecoregion, Argentina and summarise the record and ecological data on six host species. Fourteen species of helminths were found in 6 rodent assemblages. Five new hosts and 12 new geographical reports from Humid Chaco ecoregion are provided. The higher prevalence values corresponded to Stilestrongylus stilesi, Hassalstrongylus mazzai, H. argentinus and Mazzanema fortuita, and the higher mean abundance and mean intensity values corresponded to S. stilesi from Necromys lasiurus. Nippostrongylinae was the dominant group within each host species. The ecological descriptors of component communities are given. The highest value of richness index was observed for N. lasiurus (S = 6). The diversity index reached values between the range 1.11 in Holochilus chacarius and 0.16 in Akodon azarae. The equitability index shows the highest values for Oligoryzomys flavescens (0.96) and H. chacarius (0.81). The highest value index of dominance of Berger-Parker was observed for A. azarae (0.96) followed by N. lasiurus (0.86). This study contributes to the taxonomic and ecological of the parasite-host relationships, providing substantial information to one of the ecoregions most affected by anthropic actions in Argentina.

Cobalt Corroles as Electrocatalysts for Water Oxidation: Strong Effect of Substituents on Catalytic Activity Neuman, Nicolás Ignacio; Albold, Uta; Ferretti, Eleonora; Chandra, Shubhadeep; Steinhauer, Simon; Röner, Paul; Meyer, Franc; Doctorovich, Fabio; Vaillard, Santiago Eduardo; Sarkar, Biprajit Two Co(III) complexes (1Py2 and 2Py2) of new corrole ligands H3L1 (5,15-bis(p-methylcarboxyphenyl)-10-(o-methylcarboxyphenyl)corrole) and H3L2 (5,15-bis(p-nitrophenyl)-10-(o-methylcarboxyphenyl)corrole) with two apical pyridine ligands have been synthesized and thoroughly characterized by cyclic voltammetry, UV-vis-NIR, and EPR spectroscopy, spectroelectrochemistry, single-crystal X-ray diffraction studies, and DFT methods. Complexes 1Py2 and 2Py2 possess much lower oxidation potentials than cobalt(III)-tris-pentafluorophenylcorrole (Co(tpfc)) and similar corroles containing pentafluorophenyl (C6F5) substituents, thus allowing access to high oxidation states of the former metallocorroles using mild chemical oxidants. The spectroscopic (UV-vis-NIR and EPR) and electronic properties of several oxidation states of these complexes have been determined by a combination of the mentioned methods. Complexes 1Py2 and 2Py2 undergo three oxidations within 1.3 V vs FcH+/FcH in MeCN, and we show that both complexes catalyze water oxidation in an MeCN/H2O mixture upon the third oxidation, with kobs (TOF) values of 1.86 s-1 at 1.29 V (1Py2) and 1.67 s-1 at 1.37 V (2Py2). These values are five times higher than previously reported TOF values for C6F5-substituted cobalt(III) corroles, a finding we ascribe to the additional charge in the corrole macrocycle due to the increased oxidation state. This work opens up new possibilities in the study of metallocorrole water oxidation catalysts, particularly by allowing spectroscopic probing of high-oxidation states and showing strong substituent-effects on catalytic activity of the corrole complexes.

Biotransformation of cladribine by a nanostabilized extremophilic biocatalyst Rivero, Cintia Wanda; de Benedetti, Eliana Celeste; Sambeth, Jorge Enrique; Trelles, Jorge Abel Cladribine (2-chloro-2′-deoxy-β-D-adenosine) is a 2′-deoxyadenosine analogue, approved by the FDA for the treatment of hairy cell leukemia and more recently has been proved for therapeutic against many autoimmune diseases as multiple sclerosis. The biosynthesis of this compound using Thermomonospora alba CECT 3324 as biocatalyst is herein reported. This thermophilic microorganism was successfully entrapped in polyacrylamide gel supplemented with nanoclays such as bentonite. The immobilized biocatalyst (T. alba-Ac-Bent 1.00 %), was able to biosynthesize cladribine with a conversion of 89 % in 1 h of reaction and retains its activity for more than 270 reuses without significantly activity loss, showing better operational stability and mechanical properties than the natural matrix. A microscale assay using the developed system, could allow the production of at least 181 mg of cladribine in successive bioprocesses.

Análisis de la huella de carbono en bloques resuelto con polipropileno post-consumo; Analysis of the carbon footprint in blocks solved with post-consumer polypro-pylene Saez, Vanesa Celina; Garzon, Beatriz Silvia El cambio climático producido por el calentamiento global, es una de las problemáticas ambientales del siglo XXI a nivel global y local. Las emisiones de Gases Efecto Invernadero (GEI) de origen antropogénico, contribuyen al cambio climático de una manera determinante. En este trabajo se analiza la huella de carbono del prototipo en estudio: Bloque para cerramientos verticales no portantes, resuelto con plástico polipropileno post-consumo, en las etapas que abarca su preparación hasta su fabricación. El objetivo es determinar la cantidad dióxido de carbono equivalente, que emiten al ambiente la fabricación del producto diseñado. La metodología utilizada es la propuesta por la Norma IRAM-ISO 14040 y Norma IRAM-ISO 14044, Análisis de ciclo de Vida. Los resultados obtenidos en el cálculo de la huella de carbono, son muy alentadores. Lo que permite valorar la incorporación de residuos sólidos plásticos a la fabricación de elementos constructivos, favoreciendo la reducción de energía en sus distintas etapas del ciclo de vida y por consiguiente la reducción de las emisiones de los distintos gases de efecto invernadero.; Climate change produced by global warming is one of the environmental problems of the 21st century at a global and local level. Greenhouse Gas (GHG) emissions of anthropogenic origin contribute to climate change in a decisive way. In this work, the carbon footprint of the prototype under study is analyzed: Block for non-bearing vertical enclosures, solved with post-consumer polypropylene plastic, in the stages that include its preparation until its manufacture. The objective is to determine the equivalent amount of carbon dioxide that is emitted into the environment by the manufacture of the designed product. The methodology used is that proposed by the IRAM- ISO 14040 Standard and the IRAM-ISO 14044 Standard, Life Cycle Analysis. The results obtained in the calculation of the carbon footprint are very encouraging. This makes it possible to assess the incorporation of solid plastic waste in the manufacture of construction elements, favoring the reduction of energy in its different stages of the life cycle and consequently the reduction of emissions of the different greenhouse gases.

Epigenetic regulation of steroidogenic enzymes expressed in peripheral blood mononuclear cells from healthy individuals and from patients with chronic lymphocytic leukemia Gaydou, Luisa; Rossetti, María Florencia; Tschopp, María Virginia; Stoker, Cora; Bosquiazzo, Veronica Lis; Ramos, Jorge Guillermo Sex hormone synthesis occurs in various organs and tissues besides the gonads, such as adrenal glands, brain, intestines, skin, fat, bone, and cells of the immune system. Regarding the latter, it is still not clear which pathways are active, and if they are modified in case of illness of the immune system. Our goal in this study was to determine mRNA expression of different steroidogenic enzymes in peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs) from healthy individuals of both sexes and of different ages, and then to compare their expression between healthy individuals and patients with Chronic Lymphocytic Leukemia (CLL). Furthermore, to elucidate possible mechanisms that regulate enzyme expression, we analyzed epigenetic events like promoter methylation. We determined that normal cells of the immune system, regardless of sex and age, expressed P450 side chain cleavage (P450scc), cytochrome P450 17α-hydroxylase/c17,20-lyase (P45017α), 3β-hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase/Δ5-Δ4-isomerase (3β-HSD), steroid 5 α reductase (5α-R) types 1, 2 and 3, 3α-hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase (3α-HSD) type 3, and 17β-hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase (17β-HSD) types 1, 3 and 5. We also established that 5α-R 1, 5α-R 3, 3α-HSD 3, 17β-HSD 1 and 17β-HSD 5 expression was altered in CLL patients, and that promoter regions of 5α-R 1, 17β-HSD 1 and 17β-HSD 5 were diferentially methylated. These results suggest that steroidogenic pathways may be affected in CLL cells, and this could be related to disease pathogenesis.

Expresión de Hemo Oxigenasa-1 y agresividad del carcinoma renal de células claras Mingote, Pablo A.; Ramirez Ibarra, Félix D.; Valdemoros, Paula; Cabaleiro, Patricia; Cuello Carrión, Fernando Darío; Zyla, Leila Ester; López Laur, José D.; López Fontana, Constanza Matilde OBJETIVO: Hemoxigenasa 1 (HO-1) es una enzima que tiene efectos antiapoptóticos y proliferativos en células tumorales. Sin embargo, existe poca evidencia epidemiológica y clínica sobre el rol de la HO-1 en los tumores urológicos. Objetivo: determinar si existe correlación entre la expresión de HO-1 y las características histológicas, evolución, Sobrevida Libre de Enfermedad (SLE) y mortalidad por cáncer en Carcinomas Renales de Células Claras (cRCC). MATERIALES Y MÉTODOS: Se realizó un estudio retrospectivo en 34 pacientes (9 mujeres y 25 hombres) con cRCC del Servicio de Urología del Policlínico Neuquén, reclutados entre los años 2003 y 2008. Se determinó a expresión de HO-1 por Inmunohistoquímica (IHQ). El análisis estadístico se realizó mediante la prueba T de Student y Coeficiente de correlación de Pearson (p<0,05). RESULTADOS: HO-1 se expresó en el epitelio de los túbulos del tejido renal normal y en el citoplasma de las células tumorales de cRCC. No se observaron diferencias en la expresión de HO-1 según género, edad, tamaño tumoral, estadio de la enfermedad y SLE a los 5 años. Los tumores con Fuhrman alto presentaron una mayor expresión de HO-1 que los Furhman bajo (p≤0,05). El score de inmunotinción de HO-1 fue mayor en los tumores localizados en la zona interpolar, que coincidentemente presentaban un estadio más avanzado de la enfermedad. CONCLUSIONES: La sobreexpresión de HO-1 en tumores localizados en la zona interpolar y con grado de Furhman alto sugieren que HO-1 podría ser un buen marcador complementario de la agresividad del cRCC.; Summary.- OBJECTIVE: Hemoxigenase 1 (HO-1) is an enzyme that has anti-apoptotic and proliferative effects on tumor cells. However, there is little epidemiological and clinical evidence on the role of HO-1 in urologic tumors. Objective: To determine if there is correlation between the expression of HO-1 and the histological characteristics, evolution, Disease Free Survival (DFS) and cancer mortality in Clear Cell Renal Cell Carcinoma (cRCC). MATERIALS AND METHODS: A retrospective study including 34 patients (9 women and 25 men) with cRCC from the “Servicio de Urología del Policlínico Neuquén” (Argentina) throughout 2003-2008. The expression of HO-1 by Immunohistochemistry (IHC) was determined. The statistical analysis was performed using the Student’s T test and Pearson correlation coefficient (p≤0.05). RESULTS: HO-1 was expressed in the epithelial cells of the tubules from normal kidney tissue and in the cytoplasm of cRCC tumor cells. There were no differences in the HO-1 expression related to the gender, age, tumor size, stage of disease and 5 years DFS. High Fuhrman cRCC had a greater expression of HO-1 compared with low Fuhrman cRCC (p≤0.05). The score of immunostaining for HO-1 was greater in those tumors located in the mesorrenal area, which coincidentally presented a more advanced stage of the disease. CONCLUSIONS: Overexpression of HO-1 in tumors located in the interpolar zone and with high Furhman grade suggest that HO-1 could be a good adjunctive marker for the aggressiveness of the cRCC.

New Insights into the HII Region G18.88-0.49: Hub-Filament System and Accreting Filaments Dewangan, L. K.; Ojha, D. K.; Sharma, Saurabh; del Palacio, Santiago; Bhadari, N. K.; Das, A. We present an analysis of multiwavelength observations of an area of 0.°27 × 0.°27 around the Galactic H ii region G18.88-0.49, which is powered by an O-type star (age ∼ 105 yr). The Herschel column density map reveals a shell-like feature of extension ∼12 pc × 7 pc and mass ∼2.9 × 104 M o˙ around the H ii region; its existence is further confirmed by the distribution of molecular (12CO, 13CO, C18O, and NH3) gas at [60, 70] km s-1. Four subregions are studied toward this shell-like feature and show a mass range of ∼0.8-10.5 × 103 M o˙. These subregions associated with dense gas are dominated by nonthermal pressure and supersonic nonthermal motions. The shell-like feature is associated with the H ii region, Class I protostars, and a massive protostar candidate, illustrating the ongoing early phases of star formation (including massive stars). The massive protostar is found toward the position of the 6.7 GHz methanol maser, and is associated with outflow activity. Five parsec-scale filaments are identified in the column density and molecular maps and appear to be radially directed to the dense parts of the shell-like feature. This configuration is referred to as a "hub-filament"system. Significant velocity gradients (0.8-1.8 km s-1 pc-1) are observed along each filament, suggesting that the molecular gas flows toward the central hub along the filaments. Overall, our observational findings favor a global nonisotropic collapse scenario as discussed in Motte et al., which can explain the observed morphology and star formation in and around G18.88-0.49.

Concepciones acerca de la enseñanza en docentes de ingeniería: diseño y validación de un cuestionario de dilemas y estudio descriptivo; Conceptions about teaching in engineering teachers: design and validation of a dilemmas questionnaire and descriptive study Buffa, Fabián Alejandro; García, María Basilisa; Moro, Lucrecia; Menna, Máximo; Massa, Paola Andrea; Fanovich, Maria Alejandra; Fuchs, Vanesa Maria El presente trabajo consiste en el diseño y validación de un cuestionario de dilemas elaborado para indagar concepciones sobre la enseñanza en docentes de ingeniería. El marco teórico desde el cual fueron interpretadas las concepciones es el de las teorías implícitas, asumiendo que son representaciones que, si bien están explícitamente constituidas en la memoria cognitiva, poseen cierto carácter implícito desde la posibilidad que tiene el sujeto de hacerlas conscientes y verbalizarlas. La versión final del cuestionario consiste en doce dilemas que abarcan aspectos vinculados con ?qué? y con ?cómo? se enseña. Cada dilema tiene tres opciones de respuesta, correspondiendo cada una con las tres concepciones sobre la enseñanza obtenidas en un estudio previo de carácter cualitativo. La versión final del instrumento mostró un grado de fiabilidad aceptable (Alfa de Cronbach = 0,702). La prueba piloto aplicada a una muestra de 100 docentes de la Facultad de Ingeniería de la Universidad Nacional de Mar del Plata mostró que este instrumento es útil para describir sus concepciones sobre la enseñanza.; The present work consists in the adaptation and validation of a dilemma questionnaire, designed to investigate conceptions about teaching in engineering professors. The conceptions were analyzed from a conceptual framework of implicit theories. It was assumed that these are representations that may be explicitly constituted in cognitive memory. However, they may also possess a certain implicit character from the subject's ability to make them conscious and verbalize them. The final version of the questionnaire consists of twelve dilemmas that cover aspects related to “what” is taught and also to “how” it is taught. Each dilemma has three response options, which correspond with the three conceptionsabout teaching obtained in a previous qualitative study. The final version of the instrument showed an acceptable degree of reliability (Cronbach’s alpha = 0,702). The pilot test applied to a sample of 100 teachers from the Faculty of Engineering of the National University of Mar del Plata confirmed that this instrument is useful to describe their conceptions of teaching.

Neuroprotective effect of melatonin loaded in ethylcellulose nanoparticles applied topically in a retinal degeneration model in rabbits Bessone, Carolina del Valle; Martinez, Sofía Inés; Luna, José Domingo; Márquez, Marilyn A.; Ramirez, Maria Laura; Allemandi, Daniel Alberto; Carpentieri, Agata Rita; Quinteros, Daniela Alejandra We are reporting for the first time the synthesis and application of an innovative nanometric system for the controlled topic release of melatonin in the retina. The ethylcellulose nanocapsules were characterized by diverse physicochemical techniques (scanning electron microscopy, zeta potential, hydrodynamic diameters) and an in vitro release study was done. A complete ex vivo and in vivo trans-corneal permeation and an irritation study were carried out with the new formulations in albino rabbits, to which a retinal degenerative model was induced. The results obtained demonstrate that the in vitro release of melatonin (1 mg/mL and 2 mg/mL) transported by nanocapsules is slower when compared to a solution of melatonin. Greater penetration of melatonin through the cornea was demonstrated by ex vivo and in vivo tests. This can be attributable to an enhanced neuroprotective effect of melatonin on retinal ganglion cells when it is included in ethylcellulose nanocapsules compared to a solution of melatonin. These outstanding findings add promising new perspectives to current knowledge about administrations using nano-technological tools in the treatment of neurodegenerative diseases at the ocular level.

Influence of complexity and habitat heterogeneity on macrofaunal assemblages provided by an invasive ecosystem engineer in Mar Chiquita coastal lagoon Martinez, Lorena E.; Bazterrica, Maria Cielo; Hidalgo, Fernando Jose Invasive ecosystem engineers change habitat attributes and species abundance, affecting the structure of invaded communities. In the Mar Chiquita coastal lagoon (37° 40′S, 57° 23°W), the invasive reef-building polychaete Ficopomatus enigmaticus (Fauvel, 1823) generates a heterogeneous environment with habitats of variable complexity: the reefs themselves (high complexity), the sediment surrounding the reefs (low complexity), and the substrate from the areas without reefs (intermediate complexity). Our objective was to compare the macrofaunal assemblages along the whole complexity gradient. We hypothesized that individuals' abundance, diversity, species richness, and evenness of the macrofaunal assemblages increase with habitat complexity, since more complex habitats may represent greater availability of suitable spaces. The composition of the species assemblage was compared through monthly field samplings in each of the three habitats. Results showed that individuals' abundance increased with habitat complexity. In addition, amphipods were the most abundant group in the reefs, while ostracods were the most abundant group in the sediment surrounding the reefs and that from reef-free areas. However, community parameters were occasionally similar between the reefs and the sediment from reef-free areas, depending on the month considered. Our study suggests that the invasion of F. enigmaticus changed the macrofaunal assemblages and the individuals' abundances by providing a high complexity substrate, but also, and less predictably, by increasing habitat heterogeneity, highlighting the importance of including both dimensions of habitat structure in the study of invasions by ecosystem engineers.

Time lag between metamorphism and crystallization of anatectic granites (Córdoba, Argentina) D'eramo, Fabiana; Esteban, J. J.; Coniglio, Jorge Enrique; Demartis, Manuel; Aragón, Luis Enrique; Pinotti, Lucio Pedro SHRIMP and LA-ICP-MS analyses carried out on zircons from the Río de los Sauces granite revealed their metamorphic and igneous nature. The metamorphic zircons yielded an age of 537±4.8 (2σ)Ma that probably predates the onset of the anatexis during the Pampean orogeny. By contrast, the igneous zircons yielded a younger age of 529±6 (2σ)Ma and reflected its crystallization age. These data point to a short time lag of ca. 8Myr between the High Temperature (HT) metamorphic peak and the subsequent crystallization age of the granite. Concordia age of 534±3.8 (2σ)Ma, for both types of zircon populations, can be considered as the mean age of the Pampean HT metamorphism in the Sierras de Córdoba.

El habla en las Tertulias Dialógicas Literarias: un estudio con docentes y estudiantes de 6to grado de la provincia de Santa Fe; Speech in Dialogic Literary Gatherings: a study with 6th grade teachers and students from the province of Santa Fe Lewinsky, Viviana; Alam, Florencia El presente trabajo analiza la distribución del habla de estudiantes y docentes y el proceso de construcción interaccional de relatos de experiencia personal producidos por estudiantes de 6to grado durante una serie de Tertulias Dialógicas Literarias. El corpus de datos incluye 6 registros videofilmados en una escuela primaria de gestión estatal de la provincia de Santa Fe, Argentina, a la que asisten niños que viven en barrios suburbanos empobrecidos. Para el análisis se emplearon procedimientos cuantitativos y cualitativos. Los resultados mostraron que la distribución del habla configurada en la actividad no logra diferenciarse de aquella característica de las actividades escolares y que para construir los relatos los estudiantes se apoyan en fragmentos del texto, las narrativas de otros estudiantes y preguntas de las docentes.; The current study analyses the distribution of students and teachers talk and the interactional construction of personal experience narratives produced by 6th grade students during a series of Dialogic Literary Gatherings. The data corpus consists of 6 videotaped Dialogic Literary Gatherings in a public primary school in the province of Santa Fe, Argentina. The school is attended by children belonging to suburban and vulnerable populations. For the analysis, quantitative and qualitative procedures were used. The results showed that the talk distribution configured in the Dialogic Literary Gatherings does not differ from the characteristic talk distribution in school activities and that in order to construct personal narratives the students lean on fragments of the text, others student’s narratives and teacher’s questions.

Efecto de longitud silábica en español: evidencia en lectores adultos; Syllabic length effect in spanish: evidence from adult readers Difalcis, Micaela; Ferreres, Aldo Rodolfo; Abusamra, Valeria Los modelos cognitivos de doble ruta de lectura apoyan la existencia de dos vías: la léxica que opera con palabras completas y permite el acceso directo desde la ortografía a la semántica y a la pronunciación; y la subléxica que funciona de manera analítica convirtiendo, mediante reglas de correspondencia, cada uno de los grafemas en el fonema correspondiente. Numerosas investigaciones concluyen que el efecto de longitud constituye un índice de gran utilidad para el estudio de los mecanismos que subyacen a la lectura. El objetivo del presente trabajo es estudiar el efecto de longitud a partir del análisis de los tiempos de reacción. Para esto, se evaluaron 84 estudiantes universitarios con una tarea de lectura en voz alta de palabras y no-palabras de distinta longitud. Se llevó a cabo un análisis por sujeto (F1) y un análisis por estímulo (F2) que arrojaron efecto de longitud estadísticamente significativo y, además, se observó una interacción significativa con el tipo de estímulo. Estos hallazgos constituyen evidencias convergentes con la asunción de la existencia de dos procedimientos de lectura en lenguas de ortografía transparente como el español.; Dual route theories of reading assume the existence of two paths: the lexical route, which operates with complete words and allows direct access from spelling to semantics and speech; and, the sublexic route, which operates in an analytical way converting, by correspondence rules, graphemes into phonemes. Numerous research reported that the length effect is an important aspect for the study of the processes that underlie word recognition. The objective of the present study is to examine the length effect in reaction times of participants without alterations of reading. A group of 84 university students were evaluated with a task of word and nonword reading aloud. We carried out analysis per subject (F1) and per stimulus (F2) that showed statistically significant length effect and, in addition, a significant interaction with the type of stimulus was observed. These findings constitute convergent evidence with the assumption of the existence of two reading mechanisms in transparent spelling languages such as Spanish.

Multiple refugia and glacial expansions in the Tucumane–Bolivian Yungas: The phylogeography and potential distribution modeling of Calomys fecundus (Thomas, 1926) (Rodentia: Cricetidae) Pinotti, Juan Diego; Ferreiro, Alejandro Manuel; Martin, Maria Laura; Levis, Silvana del Carmen; Chiappero, Marina Beatriz; Andreo, Verónica Carolina; González Ittig, Raúl Enrique The Yungas, a subtropical mountain rainforest of South America, has been little studied in relation to the evolutionary history of the large-bodied species of the genus Calomys. Particularly, two species have been synonymized: C. boliviae and C. fecundus; the first is only known from its type locality in the northern Bolivian Yungas, whereas the second is known along the Tucumane–Bolivian Yungas shared by Bolivia and Argentina. In this study, we combined a phylogeographic approach with ecological niche modeling, with samples covering most of the geographic range of C. fecundus. One mitochondrial and two nuclear genes were used for population genetic analyses. Current and paleoclimatic models were obtained. Nuclear genes resulted uninformative by retention of ancestral polymorphism with other species of Calomys. The mitochondrial marker revealed a complex network showing signals of several population expansions. Three genetic clusters in a latitudinal sense were detected, which are coincident with the three stable climatic zones estimated by current and paleoclimatic models. We determined a pattern of expansion during glacial cycles and ancestral refugia during interglacial cycles. None of the potential distribution models predicted the presence of C. fecundus in the type locality of C. boliviae. Therefore, we recommend making integrative taxonomic studies in the Bolivian Yungas, to determine whether or not C. fecundus and C. boliviae correspond to the same species.

An amazing new Capsicum (Solanaceae) species from the Andean-Amazonian piedmont Barboza, Gloria Estela; García, Carolina Carrizo; Scaldaferro, Marisel Analía; Bohs, Lynn Capsicum regale Barboza & Bohs, sp. nov., a new species from the tropical wet forests of the eastern Andean slopes (Colombia, Ecuador, and Peru) is described and illustrated. This new species belongs to the Andean clade (all species 2n = 26) of Capsicum and is similar to C. longifolium Barboza & S.Leiva in its glabrescence, calyx morphology, and corolla and seed color but differs in its membranous and elliptic leaves, fleshy calyces, deeper stellate corollas, longer filaments, longer and purple fruiting pedicels, purple berries, and larger seeds. Its chromosome number was counted (2n = 26), a preliminary assessment of conservation status is given and discussed, and an updated identification key to the species of the Andean clade is provided.

Barrios cerrados: patrones de localización de tipologías y modelos de estructura urbana. Caso de estudio: Ciudad de Córdoba (Argentina) 1991-2010; Gated communities: typology location patterns and urban structure models. Case Study: City of Córdoba (Argentina), 1991-2010 Lemma, Martín Hernán En la Ciudad de Córdoba se verifica la materialización del modelo de fragmentación residencial que acontece en varias ciudades latinoamericanas. El objetivo de este artículo es estudiar los patrones de localización de los barrios cerrados en la Ciudad de Córdoba para construir una matriz de análisis que permita discutir dichas las transformaciones en el modelo de estructura urbana. La metodología de base empleada en este artículo es el análisis documental de documentos visuales, el mismo es realizado mediante herramientas de la morfología urbana. Los resultados permiten evidenciar la intensificación del modelo de fragmentación urbana entre 1990 y 2010, y su asentamiento casi exclusivo sobre los sectores de la ciudad con mayores ingresos. Lo anterior pone en disputa algunas de las nociones sobre la novedad de los modelos de estructura urbana en ciudades latinoamericanas a partir de los años 70.; The City of Córdoba evidences the materialization of the residential fragmentation model taking place in several Latin American cities. The aim of this article is to study location patterns in gated communities from the City of Córdoba to build an analysis matrix that will allow the study of transformations in the urban structure model. The base methodology used in this article is documentary analysis of visual documents, carried out by urban morphology tools. Results show an intensification of the urban fragmentation model between 1990 and 2010, and its almost exclusive settlement on city areas with the highest income. Tis disputes some notions about the novelty of urban structure models in Latin American cities since the 1970s.

Photodynamic therapy of tumour cells mediated by the natural anthraquinone parietin and blue light Mugas, María Laura; Calvo, Gustavo Hernán; Marioni, Juliana; Céspedes, Mariela Anahí; Martinez, Florencia; Saenz, Daniel Alberto; Di Venosa, Gabriela Mariana; Cabrera, José Luis; Núñez Montoya, Susana Carolina; Casas, Adriana Gabriela Photodynamic therapy (PDT) is a treatment for superficial tumours involving the administration of a photosensitiser followed by irradiation. The potential of the natural anthraquinone parietin (PTN) in PDT is still relatively unexploited. In the present work, PTN isolated from the lichen Teoloschistes nodulifer (Nyl.) Hillman (Telochistaceae) was evaluated as a potential photosensitiser on tumour cells employing UVA-Vis and blue light. Blue light of 2 J/cm2 induced 50% death of K562 leukaemic cells treated 1 h with 30 μM PTN (Protocol a). Higher light doses (8 J/cm2) were needed to achieve the same percentage of cell death employing lower PTN concentrations (3 μM) and higher exposure times (24 h) (Protocol b). Cell cycle analysis after both protocols of PTN-PDT revealed a high percentage of sub-G1 cells. PTN was found to be taken up by K562 cells mainly by passive diffusion. Other tumour cells such as ovary cancer IGROV-1 and LM2 mammary carcinoma, as well as the normal keratinocytes HaCaT, were also photosensitised with PTN-PDT. We conclude that PTN is a promising photosensitiser for PDT of superficial malignancies and purging of leukaemic cells, when illuminated with blue light. Thus, this light wavelength is proposed to replace the Vis-UVA lamps generally employed for the photosensitisation of anthraquinones.

Ergonomic risk assessment based on computer vision and machine learning Massiris Fernández, Manlio; Fernández, Hernán Álvaro; Bajo, Juan Miguel; Delrieux, Claudio Augusto We develop a novel method that performs accurate ergonomic risk assessment, automatically computing Rapid Upper Limb Assessment (RULA) scores from snapshots or digital video using computer vision and machine learning techniques. Our method overcomes the limitations in recent developments based on computer vision or in wearable measurement sensors, being able to perform unsupervised assessment handling multiple workers simultaneously, even under sub-optimal viewing conditions (e.g., poor illumination, occlusions, and unstable camera views). The processing workflow uses open-source neural networks to detect the workers’ skeletons, after which their body-joint positions and angles are inferred, with which RULA scores are computed. The method was tested with computer-generated, controlled real-world image datasets, and with freely available videos taken in outdoor working scenarios. The computed RULA scores were in close agreement with the assessments of seven specialists in the field, achieving a Cohen´s κ over 0.6 in most real-world experiments.