Le coppie lesbiche e gay in Argentina. Riflessioni sull?amore, la famiglia e la sessualità nella terza età omosessuale Rada Schultze, Fernando; Ingrosso, Matteo L´approvazione del matrimonio per le persone dello stesso sesso costituisce una delle misure politiche più progressiste ed egualitarie argentine degli ultimi decenni. Ciò nonostante, ha dovuto superare pregiudizi profondamente radicati nell?immaginario sociale, come la presunta infedeltà-promiscuità e instabilità affettiva, che servivano da scusa per la negazione di questo diritto. In questo modo, studiando coppie anziane di lunga data, questo articolo prova a eliminare le stigmatizzazioni sulle persone omosessuali.Prendendo spunto dalla teoria dell?identità narrativa, questo lavoro analizza differenti manifestazioni di emozioni tra anziani e anziane e la loro visione nel corso degli anni: amore, desiderio, erotismo e le loro relazioni affettive messe in prospettiva. Allo stesso modo si indaga sulla situazione attuale degli anziani gay e lesbiche dopo l?ottenimento di questo diritto. A tal fine, si è tenuto conto delle storie di vita e delle interviste come tecniche di raccolta delle informazioni.; The approval of the same-sex marriage is one of the most progressive and egalitarian political measure in Argentina in the last decades. However, it had to overcome deeply grounded prejudices in the social imaginary, such as the supposed infidelity-promiscuity and affective instability that served as an excuse for deny this right. Thus, studying old-er longstanding couples, this article dismisses the stigmatizations of homosexual persons. Following the theory of narrative identity, this work analyzes different manifestations of emotions between old men and old women and their vision through the years: love, desire, eroticism and their affective relationships in perspective. It also devels into the current situation of older gay men and lesbian women after the obtaining of this right. For this purpose, life stories and in-depth interviews as information gathering techniques were taken into consideration.

Composición y derivación en Maká y Wichí (familia mataguaya). De la sintaxis a la morfología; Derivation and composition on Maká and Wichí (mataguaya family). From syntax to morphology Spinelli, Silvia; Tacconi, Temis Lucía En este trabajo nos proponemos hacer una comparación entre los diversos procesos de formación de palabras, especialmente derivación y composición, que ocurren tanto en maká como wichí, dos lenguas de la familia mataguaya. Si bien se postula una relación de mayor semejanza o parentesco entre el chorote y el maká, por un lado, y el wichí y el nivaclé, por otro (Tovar 1964), consideramos que existen semejanzas formales y funcionales en los procesos de derivación y composición entre estas dos lenguas que pueden contribuir a indagar en los procesos de gramaticalización ocurridos en ellas. Para cumplir tal propósito, nos basamos en una perspectiva tipológico-funcional que abarca no solo la descripción estructural de los procesos de formación de palabras en cada una de las lenguas, sino también la comparación interlingüística. La investigación es de tipo descriptivo-documental.; Our aim in this paper is to compare different word formation processes, especially those of derivation and compounding that take place in Maká and Wichí, both languages of the Mataguayan family. Although it has been established that there is a closer relation between Chorote and Maká, on one hand; and Wichí and Nivaclé on the other hand (Tovar 1964a y b), we propose that these two languages have more aspects in common and that this can help to study grammaticalization processes.To achieve this goal, we use a functional-typological approach that encompasses structural description as well as interlinguistic comparison. The research carried out for this paper is descriptive-documental.

Cuerpo, lenguaje y transgresión: fuerzas disolutivas y multiplicidad diferencial en torno al sujeto jurídico moderno; Body, language and criminality: dissolving forces and differential multiplicity in the interstices of modern legal subject Coppa, Lucía Inés El propósito del presente artículo es revisar concepciones en torno a la dimensión corporal, analizando modos en que la dinámica formalizante del discurso jurídico opera en sus aspectos productores de subjetividad. En ese sentido, nos centramos en algunos enfoques filosóficos –a modo de ‘panorama por escorzos’-, relativos al estatuto de lo corporal y la forma en que el cuerpo es construido y atravesado. En particular, presentamos aspectos de la concepción dialéctica hegeliana –a partir de la lectura de Kojève-, a través de la cual creemos la experiencia corporal no puede ser pensada o conceptualizada; para luego retomar una serie de propuestas en torno a filosofías de la diferencia que entendemos fungen como herramientas para propiciar un acercamiento a la experiencia corporal y a los modos en que es codificada por el discurso jurídico, en particular el vinculado al delito y la trangresión; The aim of this article is to revise conceptions around the corporal dimension that operates in law discourse. In that sense we focus on some philosophical approaches related to the place that body asummes and the way it is constructed and crossed by. In particular, we criticize some aspects of the dialectic hegelian conception, through which we believe the corporal experiencie can not be thought or conceptualized. We take up a series of questions around philosophies of differencethat we asumme are a way to zoom in this experience and then to the modes that it is codified by the law discourse.

Respuesta productiva de Nassella nessiana (Trin. & Rupr.) Barkworth a diferentes intensidades de defoliación; Productive response of Nassella neesiana (Trin. & Rupr.) Barkworth to different defoliation intensities Puthod, Gaston; Loydi, Alejandro; Distel, Roberto Alejandro Nassella neesiana (Trin. & Rupr.) Barkworth es una gramínea perenne nativa de América del Sur, que disminuye su abundancia con el pastoreo. El objetivo del presente estudio fue evaluar la producción de biomasa (aérea y radical) y de semillas en respuesta a distintas intensidades de defoliación por corte (como sustituto de pastoreo), en un pastizal del ecotono austral de la Región Pampeana y el Caldenal. A comienzos del otoño de 2016, 90 plantas se asignaron al azar a uno de seis tratamientos, resultantes de la combinación de tres intensidades de defoliación [alta intensidad (AI)- corte a 5 cm al alcanzar 15 cm de altura; baja intensidad (BI)- corte a 10 cm al alcanzar 30 cm de altura; y testigo sin defoliación (T)] y dos niveles de competencia (con y sin competencia de plantas vecinas). Para cuantificar la producción de biomasa radical se utilizaron trampas de raíces (tubos cilíndricos de plástico, perforados, rellenos con suelo libre de raíces), que se enterraron a fines del invierno y se extrajeron a fines de la primavera en los tratamientos sin competencia únicamente. Con competencia de plantas vecinas la producción de biomasa aérea de N. neesiana fue similar en T y BI y mayor que en AI, mientras que sin competencia la producción de biomasa aérea fue superior en T, intermedia en BI e inferior en AI. Similarmente, la producción de biomasa radical fue superior en T, intermedia en BI e inferior en AI. La producción de semillas no difirió entre AI y BI, y resultó marcadamente superior en T. Los resultados contribuyen a explicar el comportamiento decreciente de N. neesiana en pastizales pastoreados, y sugieren la necesidad de un pastoreo de baja severidad y baja frecuencia para favorecer su productividad y persistencia en el pastizal.; Nassella neesiana (Trin. & Rupr.) Barkworth is a perennial grass native to South America, which reduces its abundance with grazing. The objective of the present study was to evaluate biomass (above- and below-ground) and seed production in response to different defoliation intensities (as a proxy for grazing intensity), in a rangeland located in the austral ecotone of the Región Pampeana and the Caldenal. At the beginning of fall 2016, 90 plants were randomly assigned to one of six treatments, resulting from the combination of three defoliation intensities [high intensity (HI) - cut to 5 cm at reaching 15 cm height; low intensity (LI) - cut to 10 cm at reaching 30 cm height; and control without defoliation (C)] and two competition levels (with and without competition of neighbor plants). To quantify root production we utilized root traps (perforated cylindrical plastic tubes, filled with soil free of roots) buried at the end of winter and recovered at the end of spring in the treatments without competition only. With competition from neighbor plants, the aerial biomass production of N. neesiana was similar in C and LI and higher than in HI, whereas without competition aerial biomass production was highest in C, intermediate in LI and lowest in HI. Similarly, root production was highest in C, intermediate in LI and lowest in HI. Seed production did not differ between HI and LI, and it was markedly higher in C. Our results contribute to explain why N. neesiana behaves as a grazing decreaser, and suggest the need of low severity and low frequency grazing to favor its production and persistence in rangelands.

O árbitro de vídeo: política, futebol e corpos em imagens (em movimiento); The video referee: politics, football and bodies in (moving) images Galak, Eduardo; Zoboli, Fabio; Dantas Junior, Hamilcar Silveira A utilização oficial do árbitro de vídeo (VAR) na Copa do mundo de futebol da Rússia 2018 nos faz interpelar algumas questões que nos parecem carecer de arguição. Este ensaio insere-se na polêmica da adoção do VAR no futebol partindo de suas questões corriqueiras com o objetivo de adensar os tipos de questões ontológicas e axiológicas que são demandadas ao futebol frente ao uso desta tecnologia, bem como os desdobramentos das ações tecnológicas sobre o corpo de quem joga, arbitra e assiste, ações estas de intervenção política e estética. Podemos concluir que as justificativas e anseios pela justiça na condução do jogo que alimentam a adoção do VAR tão somente geram novas expectativas e novas demandas tecnológicas. Tal burocratização vai perdendo a dimensão humana imprevisível e passível de erro que caracteriza as práticas esportivas.; The official use of the video referee (VAR) in the 2018 Russia World Cup allows to question some characteristics that seem not to have been argued. This essay is inserted in the controversial adoption of the VAR in football, condensing some ontological and axiological considerations that are demanded in football against the use of technology, as well as the articulations of technological actions on the body of who competes, arbitrates and attends, actions that are both aesthetic and political intervention. It is concluded that the justifications and desires of justice during the games only generate new expectations and new technological demands, beyond the official implementation of VAR. Such bureaucratization loses some human dimension of the unpredictable and liable to error that characterizes sports practices.

Relaciones entre la producción agrícola-ganadera y los servicios ecosistémicos asociados al carbono orgánico del suelo Villarino, Sebastián Horacio; Studdert, Guillermo Alberto; Laterra, Pedro En las transformaciones de ecosistemas naturales en agro-ecosistemas se gana producción agrícolaganadera y se pierden servicios ecosistémicos (SE). El objetivo de este estudio fue evaluar el efecto que tuvo la expansión agrícola en ambientes contrastantes de la Argentina, como lo son las subregiones de la Región Pampeana y el Chaco Semiárido, sobre la producción agrícola-ganadera y la provisión de SE. Se encontraron diferentes relaciones entre el carbono orgánico del suelo (COS) y la provisión de SE según la subregión analizada. En el Chaco Semiárido se observó la mayor sensibilidad en la provisión de SE a los cambios en el COS. Los resultados de este estudio mostraron que el Chaco Semiárido es la subregión con la mayor fragilidad ambiental.

Interacciones ecológicas en bosques de Nothofagus antarctica bajo uso silvopastoril en Patagonia sur continental; Ecological interactions in Nothofagus antarctica forests under silvopastoral use in continental southern Patagonia Bahamonde, Héctor Alejandro; Gargaglione, Veronica Beatriz; Ormaechea, S.; Peri, Pablo Luis Los bosques de ñire (Nothofagus antarctica) en el sur de Patagonia se ubican mayoritariamente limitando con la estepa. De esta manera, han sido utilizados como sistemas silvopastoriles con ganadería ovina y/o bovina desde fines de 1800. Esta actividad que combina tres componentes principales (árboles, sotobosque y animales) en una misma unidad de suelo conlleva una serie deinteracciones ecológicas entre dichos factores. En esta revisión se presentan los principales hallazgos respecto de las sinergias y antagonismos que se generan en estos sistemas silvopastoriles en el extremo sur de Patagonia continental y su incidencia a nivel paisaje. Destacan en estos sistemas el efecto de las interacciones entre coberturas de copa y calidad de sitio de los rodales sobre: el microclima, la productividad primaria y calidad nutritiva del sotobosque, la instalación de regeneración arbórea, el ciclado de nutrientes y el comportamiento animal. En general, los estudios presentados indican que en estos sistemas prevalecen las interacciones positivas, sin embargo hay otros aspectos que a escala paisaje deben ser tenidos en cuenta para no comprometer laconservación de estos bosques australes.; Ñire (Nothofagus antarctica) forests in southern Patagonia are mostly located in the limit with the steppe. Thus, these forests have been used as silvopastoral systems with sheep and / or cattle livestock since the late 1800s. This activity combines three main components (trees, understory and cattle) in a same surface, which implies several ecological interactions between those factors. In this review the main research about synergies and antagonisms generated in these systems in southern continental Patagonia are presented. The effects of interactions between crown cover and site quality over: microclimate, primary productivity and nutritive value of forage, installation of tree regeneration; nutrient cycling and livestock behaviour; are highlighted. In general, the studied publications indicate that in these systems the positive interactions are dominant. However, there are other issues at landscape scale which require special attention to guarantee the conservation of these southern forests.

Nuevo catálogo de especímenes tipo de la Colección Nacional de Paleobotánica (BA Pb): Museo Argentino de Ciencias Naturales B. Rivadavia (MACNBR / CONICET). Buenos Aires, Argentina; New catalog of type specimens: Paleobotanical National Collection (BA Pb) of the Argentine Museum of Natural Sciences B. Rivadavia (MACNBR / CONICET). Buenos Aires, Argentina del Fueyo, Georgina Marisa; Scafati, Laura Haydee Se presenta un nuevo Catálogo de Especímenes Tipo pertenecientes a la Colección Nacional de Paleobotánica del Museo Argentino de Ciencias Naturales "B. Rivadavia". El propósito de este catálogo es facilitar el acceso a la información básica y actualizada de los 109 tipos (más de 230 especímenes) con validez nomenclatural, que componen la colección. También incluye las referencias bibliográficas que establecen la condición de Material Tipo.; Buenos Aires, Argentina. A new catalog of the type specimens belonging to the Paleobotanical National Collection of the Argentine Museum of Natural Sciences “B. Rivadavia” is presented. The purpose of this catalog is to facilitate access to basic and updated information of the 110 types (about 230 specimens), with nomenclatural validity, which make up the collection. Bibliographic references that establish the condition of Material Type are included.

Aborto, abuso sexual y control médico. La sentencia de la Corte Suprema Argentina en F., A.L. y el backlash judicial en la provincia de Córdoba; Abortion, sexual abuse and medical control. The Argentinian Supreme Court decision on F., A.L. and the judicial backlash in Córdoba Monte, María Eugenia En la Argentina, durante los 2000 e incrementalmente desde el año 2005 hasta el 2016, organizaciones del movimiento de mujeres y feministas así como abogadas disputaron sobre la regulación jurídica del aborto en los tribunales frente a resistencias conservadoras. En uno de esos procesos judiciales decidió la Corte Suprema de Justicia de la Nación el 13 de marzo del 2012, F., A.L. Este artículo analiza la decisión de la Corte Suprema sobre la extensión del aborto no punible, las prácticas médicas y judiciales y, específicamente, al abuso sexual y el control médico. También analiza sus efectos materiales en una disputa judicial posterior, el backlash judicial conservador en la provincia de Córdoba.; In Argentina, during the 2000s but increasingly since 2005 up to 2016, organizations of the women and feminist ́s movement and lawyers disputed over the abortion juridical regulation at Courts facing conservative resistances. The Argentinian Supreme Court took a decision over one of these judicial processes on March 13th, 2012, F., A.L.This paper analyses the Argentinian Supreme Court decision on F., A.L. regarding non-punishable abortion boundaries, medical and judicial practices and, specifically, sexual abuse and medical control. It also analyses its material effects on a subsequent struggle and judicial backlashin the province of Córdoba.

Notas sobre mamíferos sudamericanos: Nueva publicación de SAREM Martin, Gabriel Mario Comentarios sobre la nueva publicación de la Sociedad Argentina para el Estudio de los Mamíferos

La no obligatoriedad de la vacunación y su potencial impacto en la epidemiología de coqueluche; Non-mandatory immunization and its potential impact on pertussis epidemiology Bergero, Paula Elena; Fabricius, Gabriel; Hozbor, Daniela Flavia En este trabajo, se analizan cuantitativamente las consecuenciasa corto plazo que tendría sobre coqueluche la sanción delProyecto de Ley de Consentimiento Informado en Materiade Vacunación presentado en Argentina, en 2017, el cualcontempla la no obligatoriedad de la aplicación de las vacunasdel Calendario Nacional a los menores de edad. Se utilizaun modelo matemático para la transmisión de pertusis,desarrollado previamente en nuestro grupo. Se considera quela sola presentación del proyecto provoca una disminución enlas coberturas por generar desconfianza sobre los beneficiosdel programa de vacunación. Asumiendo 5 % anual dereducción de las coberturas durante 4 años a partir de 2018,en el siguiente brote, los casos graves en menores del año seincrementarían en más del 100 % respecto del último brote, yse estiman 101 fallecidos. Con una reducción del 10 % anualpor 4 años, el siguiente brote superaría al previo en más del200 %, con 163 decesos.

A retrieval-specific mechanism of adaptive forgetting in the mammalian brain Bekinschtein, Pedro Alejandro; Weisstaub, Noelia V.; Gallo, Francisco Tomás; Renner, Maria; Anderson, Michael C. Forgetting is a ubiquitous phenomenon that is actively promoted in many species. How and whether organisms’ behavioral goals drive which memories are actively forgotten is unknown. Here we show that processes essential to controlling goal-directed behavior trigger active forgetting of distracting memories that interfere with behavioral goals. When rats need to retrieve particular memories to guide exploration, it reduces later retention of other memories encoded in that environment. As with humans, this retrieval-induced forgetting is competition-dependent, cue-independent and reliant on prefrontal control: Silencing the medial prefrontal cortex with muscimol abolishes the effect. cFos imaging reveals that prefrontal control demands decline over repeated retrievals as competing memories are forgotten successfully, revealing a key adaptive benefit of forgetting. Occurring in 88% of the rats studied, this finding establishes a robust model of how adaptive forgetting harmonizes memory with behavioral demands, permitting isolation of its circuit, cellular and molecular mechanisms.

MASked-unconTrolled hypERtension management based on office BP or on ambulatory blood pressure measurement (MASTER) Study: A randomised controlled trial protocol Parati, Gianfranco; Agabiti-Rosei, Enrico; Bakris, George L.; Bilo, Grzegorz; Branzi, Giovanna; Cecchi, Franco; Chrostowska, Marzena; De la Sierra, Alejandro; Domenech, Monica; Dorobantu, Maria; Faria, Thays; Huo, Yong; Jelakovic, Bojan; Kahan, Thomas; Konradi, Alexandra; Laurent, Stéphane; Li, Nanfang; Madan, Kushal; Mancia, Giuseppe; McManus, Richard J; Modesti, Pietro Amedeo; Ochoa, Juan Eugenio; Octavio, José Andrés; Omboni, Stefano; Palatini, Paolo; Park, Jeong Bae; Pellegrini, Dario; Perl, Sabine; Podoleanu, Cristian; Renna, Nicolas Federico; Rhee, Moo Yong; Rodilla Sala, Enrique; Sánchez, Ramiro; Schmieder, Roland; Soranna, Davide; Stergiou, George; Stojanovic, Milos; Tsioufis, Konstantinos; Valsecchi, Maria Grazia; Veglio, Franco; Waisman, Gabriel Dario; Wang, Ji Guang; Wijnmaalen, Paulina; Zambon, Antonella; Zanchetti, Alberto; Zhang, Yuqing Introduction Masked uncontrolled hypertension (MUCH) carries an increased risk of cardiovascular (CV) complications and can be identified through combined use of office (O) and ambulatory (A) blood pressure (BP) monitoring (M) in treated patients. However, it is still debated whether the information carried by ABPM should be considered for MUCH management. Aim of the MASked-unconTrolled hypERtension management based on OBP or on ambulatory blood pressure measurement (MASTER) Study is to assess the impact on outcome of MUCH management based on OBPM or ABPM. Methods and analysis MASTER is a 4-year prospective, randomised, open-label, blinded-endpoint investigation. A total of 1240 treated hypertensive patients from about 40 secondary care clinical centres worldwide will be included -upon confirming presence of MUCH (repeated on treatment OBP <140/90 mm Hg, and at least one of the following: Daytime ABP ≥135/85 mm Hg; night-time ABP ≥120/70 mm Hg; 24 hour ABP ≥130/80 mm Hg), and will be randomised to a management strategy based on OBPM (group 1) or on ABPM (group 2). Patients in group 1 will have OBP measured at 0, 3, 6, 12, 18, 24, 30, 36, 42 and 48 months and taken as a guide for treatment; ABPM will be performed at randomisation and at 12, 24, 36 and 48 months but will not be used to take treatment decisions. Patients randomised to group 2 will have ABPM performed at randomisation and all scheduled visits as a guide to antihypertensive treatment. The effects of MUCH management strategy based on ABPM or on OBPM on CV and renal intermediate outcomes (changing left ventricular mass and microalbuminuria, coprimary outcomes) at 1 year and on CV events at 4 years and on changes in BP-related variables will be assessed. Ethics and dissemination MASTER study protocol has received approval by the ethical review board of Istituto Auxologico Italiano. The procedures set out in this protocol are in accordance with principles of Declaration of Helsinki and Good Clinical Practice guidelines. Results will be published in accordance with the CONSORT statement in a peer-reviewed scientific journal.

Nicotine Modulates Mitochondrial Dynamics in Hippocampal Neurons Godoy, Juan A.; Valdivieso, Ángel Gabriel; Inestrosa, Nibaldo C. Mitochondria are widely recognized as fundamental organelles for cellular physiology and constitute the main energy source for different cellular processes. The location, morphology, and interactions of mitochondria with other organelles, such as the endoplasmic reticulum (ER), have emerged as critical events capable of determining cellular fate. Mitochondria-related functions have proven particularly relevant in neurons; mitochondria are necessary for proper neuronal morphogenesis and the highly energy-demanding synaptic transmission process. Mitochondrial health depends on balanced fusion-fission events, termed mitochondrial dynamics, to repair damaged organelles and/or improve the quality of mitochondrial function, ATP production, calcium homeostasis, and apoptosis, which represent some mitochondrial functions closely related to mitochondrial dynamics. Several neurodegenerative disorders, such as Alzheimer’s, Parkinson’s, and Huntington’s diseases, have been correlated with severe mitochondrial dysfunction. In this regard, nicotine, which has been associated with relevant neuroprotective effects mainly through activation of the nicotinic acetylcholine receptor (nAChR), exerts its effects at least in part by acting directly on mitochondrial physiology and morphology. Additionally, a recent description of mitochondrial nAChR localization suggests a nicotine-dependent mitochondrial function. In the present work, we evaluated in cultured hipocampal neurons the effects of nicotine on mitochondrial dynamics by assessing mitochondrial morphology, membrane potential, as well as interactions between mitochondria, cytoskeleton and IP3R, levels of the cofactor PGC-1α, and fission-fusion-related proteins. Our results suggest that nicotine modulates mitochondrial dynamics and influences mitochondrial association from microtubules, increasing IP3 receptor clustering showing modulation between mitochondria-ER communications, together with the increase of mitochondrial biogenesis.

Sperimentalismo e cultura popolare italiana in Umberto Eco; Experimental Literature and Italian Popular Culture in the Works of Umberto Eco Gherlone, Laura Può un libro incarnarsi? Divenire «memoria vegetale»? Essere frammento vivente dell´intelletto collettivo culturale? «Tutti si voltarono a guardare Franti. E quell´infame sorrise»: così si inaugura (insieme a una citazione di Joyce sul music-hall) la prima raccolta di pastiches e parodie di Eco, Diario minimo, ricordando il furfantello Franti del romanzo Cuore di Edmondo De Amicis: un libro che formò almeno mezzo secolo di italiani e che Eco riprende nel suo terzultimo romanzo, La misteriosa fiamma della regina Loana (in parte autobiografico), per sottolineare come ―«tra gli eroismi del piccolo patriota padovano e gli atti generosi di Garrone» (Eco 2004a:205)― un mero oggetto cartaceo fosse riuscito a educare al sacrificio, al patriottismo e alla guerra intere generazioni. Tanto nelle sue opere narrative quanto in quelle di riflessione teorica, Eco mette a nudo e decostruisce i congegni della «macchina narrativa», e lo fa ―com´è notorio― con uno sguardo omnicomprensivo, semiotico: i romanzi, i fumetti, i programmi televisivi, le canzoni diventano il campo di sperimentazione linguistico-testuale per addentrarsi nella cultura contemporanea e gettar luce su di essa. Di questo sguardo omnicomprensivo si è scelto qui di dedicare particolare attenzione all´interesse di Eco per la musica: un interesse che ―da Thema (Omaggio a Joyce) a Pippo non lo sa― è stato oggetto di analisi nella parabola letteraria dello scrittore italiano e un «pretesto» per sviluppare i temi a lui cari: la memoria, l´ironia e il riso, l´estetica del quotidiano nella cultura pop.; Can a book become incarnate? Become “vegetal memory”? A living fragment of the collective cultural intellect? “Everyone turned around to look at Franti, and that infamous boy was smiling”. This is how (together with Joyce’s quotation on music-hall) Eco’s first collection of pastiches and parodies, Diario Minimo (Misreadings), is introduced, recalling the little scoundrel Franti in Edmondo De Amicis’s novel, Cuore (The Heart of a Boy): a book that formed at least half a century of Italians and that Eco calls to mind in one of his last (partly autobiographical) novels, The Mysterious Flame Of Queen Loana, to underline how a mere paper object had managed to educate whole generations on sacrifice, patriotism and war. Both in his narrative works and those of theoretical reflection, Eco exposes and deconstructs the devices of the “narrative machine”, and does so ―as it is very well known―with an all-embracing, semiotic look. Novels, comics, television programs, and songs become his fields for linguistic-textual experimentation to penetrate and throw light on contemporary culture. With regard to this comprehensive look, this work pays particular attention to Eco’s interest in music, an interest that―from Thema (Omaggio a Joyce) to Pippo non lo sa―has been an object of analysis in the literary parable of the Italian writer and a “pretext” for developing those themes so dear to him: memory, irony and laughter, the aesthetics of everyday life in pop culture.

Development of an electrochemical biosensor for the determination of triglycerides in serum samples based on a lipase/magnetite-chitosan/copper oxide nanoparticles/multiwalled carbon nanotubes/pectin composite Di Tocco, Aylen; Robledo, Sebastian Noel; Osuna, Yolanda; Sandoval-Cortez, J.; Granero, Adrian Marcelo; Vettorazzi, Nelio Roberto; Martínez, J. L.; Segura, E. P.; Iliná, A.; Zon, María Alicia; Arevalo, Fernando Javier; Fernández, Héctor A very sensitive electrochemical biosensor to determine totals triglycerides (TGs) in serum samples has been developed. It is based on the electrochemical oxidation of glycerol at glassy carbon electrodes modified with magnetic nanoparticles bonded to lipase enzyme and copper oxide nanoparticles, both supported on a multiwalled carbon nanotubes/pectin dispersion. Glycerol is produced by enzymatic reaction between the TGs present in samples and the lipase immobilized. The quantification of triglycerides was performed by amperometric measurements. The proposed electrochemical biosensor improves the performance of others methods developed for the TGs quantification. The determination of TGs does not need a pretreatment of serum samples. The PLS-1 algorithm was used for the quantification of TGs. According to this algorithm, the of detection and quantification limits were from 3.2 × 10−3 g L−1 to 3.6 × 10−3 g L−1, and from 9.6 × 10−3 to 1.1 × 10−2 g L−1, respectively. The sensitivity was 1.64 × 10−6 A L g−1. The proposed electrochemical biosensor exhibited a very good performance, a stability of 20 days, very good reproducibility and repeatability, and it is presented as a very good alternative for the determination of TGs in human serum clinical samples.

Evaluación del impacto de las actividades rurales en la calidad del agua de la microcuenca del arroyo Burgos (San Pedro, Provincia de Buenos Aires); Water quality assessment of the Burgos stream micro-basin (San Pedro, Buenos Aires Province) impacted by rural activities Magdaleno, Anahí; Paz, Marta; Mantovano, Julian Gonzalo; de Cabo, Laura Isabel; Bollani, Sabrina Natalia; Chagas, Celio Ignacio; Nuñez, Lidia; Tornello, Carina Sandra; Moretton, Juan Agustin En la región Pampeana (Argentina) se han producido profundos cambios en los agroecosistemas como resultado de los diversos contaminantes generados por las actividades agrícolas y ganaderas. El objetivo del pre-sente trabajo fue evaluar la calidad de las aguas de la microcuenca del arroyo Burgos (San Pedro, Provincia de Buenos Aires) a través de la aplicación de índices de calidad de aguas (ICAs), indicadores de contaminación fecal y bioensayos con algas. Se llevaron a cabo tres muestreos en el año 2015 y se seleccionaron seis sitios de muestreo, cuatro a lo largo de un arroyo tributario de orden 1, y dos en el arroyo Burgos. Se utilizaron dos índices de calidad ambiental: el ICA1, cuyas variables fueron temperatura, OD y NH4+, y el ICA2, cuyas variables fueron pH, OD, temperatura, nitratos, PRS y coliformes fecales. Según el ICA1, la calidad del agua osciló entre polución leve a muy elevada, y según el ICA2, fue de regular a pésima. La concentración de microorganismos indicadores de contami-nación fecal fue similar en todas las muestras, mientras que se observaros diferencias significativas en las concen-traciones de Salmonella spp. Según el análisis de correlación, las precipitaciones participarían en el transporte de microorganimos coliformes a las aguas superficiales a través de procesos de escorrentía superficial. Por otra parte, la inhibición del crecimiento algal no estaría relacionada con el glifosato, cuyas concentraciones fueron de entre 0,35 y 13,57 μg/L. Los resultados sugieren que la aplicación de diferentes indicadores podría ser una herramienta útil para evaluar la calidad ambiental de aguas superficiales de la llanura pampeana, en particular los índices que incluyan la concentración de microorganimos coliformes en su ecuación.; The Pampas region (Argentina) have suffered profound changes in the agroecosystems as a result of many pollutants generated by agricultural and livestock activities. The objective of this study was to evaluate the water quality of a microbasin belonging to the Burgos stream (San Pedro, Province of Buenos Aires) through the application of water quality indexes (ICAs), faecal contamination indica-tors and algae bioassays. Three samplings were carried out in 2015 and six sampling sites were selected, four along the tributary stream of order 1, and two in the stream. Two ICAs were used: ICA1, whose variables were temperature, OD and NH4+, and ICA2, whose variables were pH, OD, temperature, nitrates, PRS and faecal coliforms. According to the ICA1, water quality ranged from slight to very high pollution, and according to the ICA2, from regular to dreadful quality. The concentration of faecal indicators microorganisms was similar in all the samples, while significant differences were observed in the concentrations of Salmonella spp. According to the correlation analysis, precipitation would participate in the transport of coliform microorganisms to surface waters through surface runoff processes. On the other hand, the inhibition of algal growth would not be related to glyphosate, whose concentrations were between 0.35 and 13.57 μg/L. The results suggest that the application of different indicators could be a very useful tool to evaluate the environmental quality of surface waters from the Pampas plain, in particular the use of indexes including coliform microorganisms in the calculation equation.

Scenes of the school life in the middle of the XIX century; Escenas de la vida escolar entrerriana a mediados del siglo XIX Bustamante Vismara, José Manuel Laureano; Villagra, Maria Iris The development of public schools in the mid-nineteenth century in the Rio de la Plata found a significant expansion in Entre Ríos. A few years before the confrontation with Buenos Aires in the Battle of Caseros, the government of Justo José de Urquiza launched a dense educational group. The high point of this educational policy would be the Colegio de Concepción del Uruguay; but this institution was preceded and accompanied by a large number of elementary education establishments.This work explains that institutional development. What characteristics did elementary schools have? How were they administered? But, also, with the purpose of recreating daily aspects of this process, as well as offering features on educational activities and the guidelines with which local communities were linked to these establishments, school contests will be attended.; El desarrollo de las escuelas públicas a mediados del siglo XIX en el Río de la Plata encontró en Entre Ríos una expansión signi cativa. Unos años antes de la confrontación con Buenos Aires en la batalla de Caseros, el gobierno de Justo José de Urquiza puso en marcha un denso conjunto educativo. El hito más visible de esa política educativa sería el Colegio de Concepción del Uruguay; pero esta institución fue precedida y acompañada por un nutrido número de establecimientos de educación elemental. Este trabajo da cuenta de ese desarrollo institucional. ¿Qué características tenían las escuelas elementales? ¿Cómo fueron administradas? Pero, además, con el propósito de recrear aspectos cotidianos de este proceso, así como ofrecer rasgos sobre las actividades educativas y las pautas con que las comunidades locales se vincularon a dichos establecimientos, se ha atendido a los certámenes escolares.

Total evidence analysis and body size evolution of extant and extinct tortoises (Testudines: Cryptodira: Pan-Testudinidae) Vlachos, Evangelos; Rabi, Márton Testudinidae (tortoises) is an extant clade of terrestrial turtles of worldwide distribution and with a rich fossil record that provides an exceptional context for studying their evolutionary history. Because of the lack of global phylogenetic analyses integrating extinct taxa, our current knowledge of the relationships of the total clade of Testudinidae is rather poor. To resolve this issue, we performed the first total evidence analysis of Pan-Testudinidae. The total evidence trees are congruent with the molecular topology and agree on the dichotomy of derived Testudinidae (=Testudininae; Converted Clade Name) into two previously recognized major clades, Testudona and Geochelona (New Clade Name). The integration of extinct taxa into the analysis allowed the stratigraphic fit of the total evidence trees, indicating that crown Testudininae, Testudona and Geochelona all originated by the Late Eocene, in agreement with recent molecular estimates. Ghost lineage analysis indicates high diversification in the Late Eocene and in the Miocene. The age of crown Testudo is Late Miocene, again in accordance with some molecular dates. Phylogenetic placement of fossils demonstrates that giant body size independently evolved in multiple continental mainland taxa and confirms recent results deduced from living taxa—giantism in Testudinidae is not linked to the insular effect. An unexpected outcome is the recovery of miniaturization in Testudona (<30 cm carapace length) that emerged sometime between the Oligocene and Early Miocene. No clear correlation between body size evolution and climate is apparent, but increased taxon sampling may nevertheless demonstrate the role of cooling and warming as one of many influential variables.

Significant hardness enhancement in an Al–Cu–Mg alloy with high Cu:Mg ratio by microalloying with Si and Ge Castro Riglos, Maria Victoria; Morello, Nicolas; Tolley, Alfredo Juan The evolution of hardness in an Al-Cu-Mg based alloy with high Cu:Mg ratio (= 2, at. %) microalloyed with Si and Ge was studied during artificial ageing treatment performed at 190 °C. The results were compared to those obtained in a similar alloy with no Mg content. The hardness evolution in the Mg containing alloy was similar to that of the Mg free alloy, but shifted by about 50 Hv to higher values for all ageing times. The peak hardness occurred after 3 h ageing in both alloys, with a value slightly above 200 Hv in the Mg containing alloy. The microstructure of the peak aged and the overaged condition were characterized by means of transmission electron microscopy (TEM). For the Mg-containing alloy the microstructure of the peak aged condition consisted of plate-shaped precipitates, with a very similar structure to that of the θ′ phase and a high density of small needle-shaped precipitates lying along the < 100 > Al directions. In the peak aged and overaged conditions the needle-shaped precipitates were found to belong to the Q′ phase (Al4Cu2Mg8Si7) or its precursor phases, previously observed in the Al–Mg–Si system with minor Cu additions.