Chagas disease ecoepidemiology and environmental changes in northern Minas Gerais state, Brazil Neves Vianna, Elisa; Souza e Guimarães, Ricardo José de Paula; Souza, Christian Rezende; Gorla, David Eladio; Diotaiuti, Liléia BACKGROUND: Triatoma sordida and Triatoma pseudomaculata are frequently captured triatomine species in the Brazilian savannah and caatinga biomes, respectively, and in Brazilian domiciles. OBJECTIVES: This study identified eco-epidemiological changes in Chagas disease in northern Minas Gerais state, Brazil, and considered the influence of environmental shifts and both natural and anthropogenic effects. METHODS: Domicile infestation and Trypanosoma cruzi infection rates were obtained from triatomines and sylvatic reservoirs during the following two time periods: the 1980s and 2007/2008. Entomological and climatic data with land cover classification derived from satellite imagery were integrated into a geographic information system (GIS), which was applied for atmospheric correction, segmentation, image classification, and mapping and to analyse data obtained in the field. Climatic data were analysed and compared to land cover classifications. RESULTS: A comparison of current data with data obtained in the 1980's showed that T. sordida colonised domiciliary areas in both periods, and that T. pseudomaculata did not colonise these areas. There was a tendency toward a reduction in T. cruzi infection rates in sylvatic reservoirs, and of triatomines captured in both households and in the sylvatic environment. T. sordida populations have reduced in the sylvatic environment, while T. pseudomaculata showed an expanding trend in the region compared to counts observed in the 1980's in the sylvatic environment. This may be related to high deforestation rates as well as gradual increases in land surface temperature (LST) and temperatures along the years. MAIN CONCLUSIONS: Our results suggest a geographical expansion of species into new biomes as a result of anthropogenic and climatic changes that directly interfere with the reproductive and infection processes of vectors.

Development and Analysis of a New Solar Radiation Atlas for Argentina from Ground-Based Measurements and CERES_SYN1deg data Carmona, Facundo; Orte, Pablo Facundo; Rivas, Raúl Eduardo; Wolfram, Elian Augusto; Kruse, Eduardo Emilio Currently, quantifying global solar radiation at surface in Argentina is crucial for the development of projects related to solar energy, calculation of evapotranspiration and eco-sustainability architecture, among other environmental issues. In recent years, several models have been developed to estimate the solar energy resources by means of various techniques, e.g. satellite imaging, kriging, or Artificial Neural Networks. The use of satellite data allows for a better spatial representation, being of great relevance in areas with lack of terrain measurements. In this paper, we use the CERES_SYN1deg to develop a new Global Solar Radiation Atlas for Argentina. In this study, we developed maps of annual and monthly mean daily global solar radiation using CERES_SYN1deg data between 2000 and 2016. In order to validate the global solar radiation data provided by CERES_SYN1deg, they were compared with ground-based measurements in the time overlap of both instruments, in four monitoring sites of the SAVER-Net project and an additional site in Tandil, which belongs to the Remote Sensing Group of IHLLA. The maps show the spatial and temporal variation of global solar radiation in Argentina. Comparisons with ground-based pyranometers reveal relative differences of around 3% at a monthly scale for all sites, while the biases can be neglected. Therefore, it is possible to conclude that the maps could be very useful for different technical and scientific purposes, and the comparison with ground-based data demonstrates CERES_SYN1deg´s reliability.

Electrophoresis characterization of Turnera sidoides L. (Passifloraceae: Turneroideae) seed storage proteins and its systematic implications Moreno, Ercilia Maria Sara; Roggero Luque, Juan Manuel; Solis Neffa, Viviana Griselda Twenty-four populations of Turnera sidoides were analysed, using seed storage protein fingerprinting techniques, including 19 populations of Turnera spp. and three of Piriqueta spp. for comparative purposes. The aim was to characterize the T. sidoides complex and to evaluate its profiles as a character to clarify its taxonomic position, as well as its evolutionary relationships within the genus Turnera. The present work is the first comparative study of the seed protein fingerprint in Turneroideae. The results proved that seed proteins are useful characters to discriminate between genus and species, as well as to characterize them. The finding of exclusive bands in Turnera and Piriqueta are evidence for the existence of genetic differences between genera, and support their taxonomic identity. Our results are in agreement with evolutionary tendencies of karyotype proposed for Turnera, and support the close relationships between species belonging to the same series, except T. sidoides, which should be singled out of Leiocarpae, supporting the proposal of its inclusion in an independent series.

Antitumoral effects of the alkynylphosphonate analogue of calcitriol EM1 on glioblastoma multiforme cells Ferronato, María Julia; Alonso, Eliana Noelia; Salomón, Débora Gisele; Fermento, María Eugenia; Gandini, Norberto Ariel; Quevedo, Mario Alfredo; Mascaro, Evangelina; Vitale, Cristian Alejandro; Fall, Yagamare; Facchinetti, Maria Marta; Curino, Alejandro Carlos Glioblastoma multiforme (GBM) is the worst and most common brain tumor, characterized by high proliferation and invasion rates. The current standard treatment is mainly based on chemoradiotherapy and this approach has slightly improved patient survival. Thus, novel strategies aimed at prolonging the survival and ensuring a better quality of life are necessary. In the present work, we investigated the antitumoral effect of the novel analogue of calcitriol EM1 on GBM cells employing in vitro, in silico, and in vivo assays. In vitro, we demonstrated that EM1 treatment selectively decreases the viability of murine and human tumor cells without affecting that of normal human astrocytes. The analysis of the mechanisms showed that EM1 produces cell cycle arrest in the T98G cell line, which is accompanied by an increase in p21, p27, p57 protein levels and a decrease in cyclin D1, p-Akt-S473, p-ERK1/2 and c-Jun expression. Moreover, EM1 treatment also exerts in GBM cells anti-migratory effects and decreases their invasive capacity by a reduction in MMP-9 proteolytic activity. In silico, we demonstrated that EM1 is able to bind to the vitamin D receptor with greater affinity than calcitriol. Finally, we showed that EM1 treatment of nude mice administered at 50 ug/Kg body weight during 21 days neither induces hypercalcemia nor toxicity effects. In conclusion, all the results indicate the potential of EM1 analogue as a promising therapeutic alternative for GBM treatment.

Prevalence and clinical profile of microcephaly in South America pre-Zika, 2005-14: prevalence and case-control study Orioli, Iêda M.; Dolk, Helen; López Camelo, Jorge Santiago; Mattos, Daniel; Poletta, Fernando Adrián; Dutra, Maria G.; Carvalho, Flavia M.; Castilla, Eduardo Enrique Objective To describe the prevalence and clinical spectrum of microcephaly in South America for the period 2005-14, before the start of the Zika epidemic in 2015, as a baseline for future surveillance as the Zika epidemic spreads and as other infectious causes may emerge in future.Design Prevalence and case-control study.Data sources ECLAMC (Latin American Collaborative Study of Congenital Malformations) database derived from 107 hospitals in 10 South American countries, 2005 to 2014. Data on microcephaly cases, four non-malformed controls per case, and all hospital births (all births for hospital based prevalence, resident within municipality for population based prevalence). For 2010-14, head circumference data were available and compared with Intergrowth charts.Results 552 microcephaly cases were registered, giving a hospital based prevalence of 4.4 (95% confidence interval 4.1 to 4.9) per 10 000 births and a population based prevalence of 3.0 (2.7 to 3.4) per 10 000. Prevalence varied significantly between countries and between regions and hospitals within countries. Thirty two per cent (n=175) of cases were prenatally diagnosed; 29% (n=159) were perinatal deaths. Twenty three per cent (n=128) were associated with a diagnosed genetic syndrome, 34% (n=189) polymalformed without a syndrome diagnosis, 12% (n=65) with associated neural malformations, and 26% (n=145) microcephaly only. In addition, 3.8% (n=21) had a STORCH (syphilis, toxoplasmosis, other including HIV, rubella, cytomegalovirus, and herpes simplex) infection diagnosis and 2.0% (n=11) had consanguineous parents. Head circumference measurements available for 184/235 cases in 2010-14 showed 45% (n=82) more than 3 SD below the mean, 24% (n=44) between 3 SD and 2 SD below the mean, and 32% (n=58) larger than -2 SD.Conclusion Extrapolated to the nearly 7 million annual births in South America, an estimated 2000-2500 microcephaly cases were diagnosed among births each year before the Zika epidemic began in 2015. Clinicians are using more than simple metrics to make microcephaly diagnoses. Endemic infections are important enduring causes of microcephaly.

Predictive value of galectin-1 in the development and progression of HIV-associated lymphoma Vase, MajaØlholm; Ludvigsen, Maja; Bendix, Knud; Dutoit, Stephen H.; Hjortebjerg, Rikke; Petruskevicius, Irma; Møller, Michael B.; Pedersen, Gitte; Denton, Paul W.; Honoré, Bent; Rabinovich, Gabriel Adrián; Larsen, Carsten S.; D'Amore, Francesco At AHIV-1 infection, the binding of the viral envelopeproteins to CD4þ is essential for viral transmission, andthis process is facilitated by interaction with the highlyconserved host lectin, galectin-1 (Gal-1) [1?3]. Withinthe tumor microenvironment, Gal-1 is expressed by bothtumor and stromal cells where it promotes tumorimmune escape and favors hypoxia-driven angiogenesis[4?6]. In sporadically occurring Hodgkin lymphoma,high Gal-1 expression at diagnosis is associated withpoorer treatment response [7], and high soluble Gal-1(sGal-1) correlates with adverse disease characteristics [8].Previous studies have shown that targeted inhibition ofGal-1 prevents tumor-induced immunosuppression[9,10] as well as inhibits tumor growth and metastasisin various tumor models [6,11?13].In conclusion, the results of our study indicate that Gal-1 is significantly associated with risk of lymphoma in HIV-infected individuals and may represent an attractive futuretarget for the management of HIV-associated lymphoma.

Real-time diagrammatic approach to current-induced forces: Application to quantum-dot based nanomotors Calvo, Hernan Laureano; Ribetto, Federico Daniel; Bustos Marun, Raul Alberto In recent years there has been increasing excitement regarding nanomotors and particularly current-driven nanomotors. Despite the broad variety of stimulating results found, the regime of strong Coulomb interactions has not been fully explored for this application. Here we consider nanoelectromechanical devices composed of a set of coupled quantum dots interacting with mechanical degrees of freedom taken in the adiabatic limit and weakly coupled to electronic reservoirs. We use a real-time diagrammatic approach to derive general expressions for the current-induced forces, friction coefficients, and zero-frequency force noise in the Coulomb blockade regime of transport. We prove our expressions obey Onsager's reciprocity relations and the fluctuation-dissipation theorem for the energy dissipation of the mechanical modes. The obtained results are illustrated with a nanomotor consisting of a double quantum dot capacitively coupled to rotating charges. We analyze the dynamics and performance of the motor as a function of the applied voltage and loading force for trajectories encircling different triple points in the charge stability diagram.

Fragmentación del Bosque Chaqueño y cambios en el uso de la tierra: Efectos del glifosato en las plantas nativas Ferreira, María Florencia En las últimas décadas, los agronegocios basados en cultivos transgénicos se han expandido,en Argentina, en áreas anteriormente ocupadas por Bosques Chaqueños. Actualmente, elglifosato es el principal agroquímico utilizado, aunque cada vez hay más evidencias sobrelos efectos ecotoxicológicos que produce en diversos organismos no- blanco, como lasplantas que viven en ambientes naturales inmersos en los agroecosistemas. En este contexto,los objetivos principales de la presente Tesis Doctoral fueron: a) evaluar, en fragmentos deBosque Chaqueño de la Provincia de Córdoba, las relaciones existentes entre diversidad,composición y supervivencia de plantas nativas, sensibilidad de las especies vegetales a losefectos del glifosato y grado de exposición de la vegetación a este herbicida, y b) detectarpotenciales indicadores de pérdida de diversidad vegetal a fin de proponer accionesadecuadas para el manejo sustentable y la conservación de los bosques nativos. ysupervivencia de especies de plantas vasculares en 20 fragmentos de bosque nativo dediferente tamaño y con distintos porcentajes de superficie cultivada en el paisaje circundante.Se determinaron, en invernadero, los efectos de un gradiente de concentraciones de glifosatoen 35 especies vegetales presentes en los fragmentos de bosque estudiados. Para dos especies(una tolerante y otra sensible al glifosato) se determinaron, en los fragmentos de bosque, losefectos de este herbicida en relación al grado de exposición de las plántulas a unapulverización en los cultivos. Los resultados mostraron un gradiente de sensibilidad alglifosato; algunas especies mueren con dosis muy bajas, mientras que otras sobreviven conefectos severos o son tolerantes al herbicida. En todas las especies estudiadas se observaronefectos letales o subletales, incluso cuando se aplicaron dosis equivalentes a aquéllas quepueden llegar por deriva al interior de los fragmentos de bosque (por ejemplo, 1⁄4 de la dosishabitual de las pulverizaciones en el campo). La comparación entre los efectos del glifosatoobservados en los experimentos en invernadero y en los fragmentos de bosque permitióestimar que parte de las pulverizaciones en los cultivos estarían llegando, al menos, hasta80m hacia el interior de los fragmentos (12,5% de la dosis aplicada al cultivo). Los efectosdel gradiente de concentraciones de glifosato fueron menores en las plántulas desarrolladasen invernadero a partir de semillas provenientes de fragmentos con mayor exposición a laspulverizaciones de los cultivos (fragmentos pequeños). Por último, se observó una mayordiversidad de especies sensibles al glifosato en los fragmentos con baja exposición a laspulverizaciones (fragmentos grandes) y una mayor diversidad de especies tolerantes alglifosato en los fragmentos pequeños. En conclusión, los resultados obtenidos en esta TesisDoctoral indican que la vegetación presente en los fragmentos de bosque nativo estaríasiendo fuertemente afectada por la aplicación de glifosato en los cultivos adyacentes. Losefectos letales y subletales del glifosato en plantas nativas no-blanco estarían promoviendo,al mismo tiempo, la selección de biotipos tolerantes al glifosato (potenciales nuevas malezas)y la pérdida de biodiversidad en los bosques nativos inmersos en los agroecosistemas

Human renal adipose tissue induces the invasion and progression of renal cell carcinoma Campoverde Arbocco, Fiorella; Laur, Jose Lopez; Romeo, Gaston Leonardo; Giorlando, Noelia; Bruna, Flavia Alejandra; Contador, David E.; Lopez Fontana, Gastón; Santiano, Flavia Eliana; Sasso, Corina Verónica; Zyla, Leila Ester; López Fontana, Constanza Matilde; Calvo, Juan Carlos; Caron, Ruben Walter; Pistone Creydt, Virginia We evaluated the effects of conditioned media (CMs) of human adipose tissue from renal cell carcinoma located near the tumor (hRATnT) or farther away from the tumor (hRATfT), on proliferation, adhesion and migration of tumor (786-O and ACHN) and non-tumor (HK-2) human renal epithelial cell lines. Human adipose tissues were obtained from patients with renal cell carcinoma (RCC) and CMs from hRATnT and hRATfT incubation. Proliferation, adhesion and migration were quantified in 786-O, ACHN and HK-2 cell lines incubated with hRATnT-, hRATfT- or control-CMs. We evaluated versican, adiponectin and leptin expression in CMs from hRATnT and hRATfT. We evaluated AdipoR1/2, ObR, pERK, pAkt y pPI3K expression on cell lines incubated with CMs. No differences in proliferation of cell lines was found after 24 h of treatment with CMs. All cell lines showed a significant decrease in cell adhesion and increase in cell migration after incubation with hRATnT-CMs vs. hRATfT- or control-CMs. hRATnT-CMs showed increased levels of versican and leptin, compared to hRATfT-CMs. AdipoR2 in 786-O and ACHN cells decreased significantly after incubation with hRATfT- and hRATnT-CMs vs. control-CMs. We observed a decrease in the expression of pAkt in HK-2, 786-O and ACHN incubated with hRATnT-CMs. This result could partially explain the observed changes in migration and cell adhesion.We conclude that hRATnT released factors, such as leptin and versican, could enhance the invasive potential of renal epithelial cell lines and could modulate the progression of the disease.

En nuestra pequeña región de por acá: de la desclasificación del documento al contra-archivo en la obra de Voluspa Jarpa; En nuestra pequeña region de por acá: from document declassification to counter-archive in the work of Voluspa Jarpa Taccetta, Natalia Roberta Según autores como Hal Foster o Anna Maria Guasch, se asiste actualmente a un giro al archivo (archival turn) que propone nuevos desafíos a la historia del arte en general, pero, más específicamente, a la relación entre el arte y la dupla historia/memoria y al vínculo que la cultura visual establece con este paradigma instalado hace dos décadas como marca generativa de gran parte de la producción artística. Actualizando inquietudes de Walter Benjamin o Aby Warburg, el artículo intenta pensar el paradigma del archivo en relación con la muestra En nuestra pequeña región de por acá (malba, 2016) de la artista chilena Voluspa Jarpa, quien extrema la productividad de una noción que no es solo el soporte de su obra, sino la esencia misma de un posicionamiento en relación con la memoria, la historia y los modos de dar cuenta de ella. La exhibición trabaja a partir de los archivos desclasificados de la cia en catorce países latinoamericanos a fin de repensar las relaciones entre política, historia e imagen. La lógica del archivo exige un modo de lectura propio, la deconstrucción de un montaje alejado de la lógica legal-administrativa y la exploración de sus potencialidades estético-políticas como contraarchivo.; Following scholars such as Hal Foster o Anna Maria Guasch we could recognize an archival turn that proposes new challenges to art history in general, but more precisely to the relationship between art and the couple history/memory, and the link that visual culture establishes with this paradigm settled for two decades as a generative mark of much of the artistic production. Updating Walter Benjamin’s and Aby Warburg’s concerns these pages try to think about the archive paradigm in relation to the exhibition En nuestra pequeña región de por acá (malba, 2016) by Chilean artist Voluspa Jarpa, who maximizes the productivity of a notion that is not only the foundation of her work but the very essence of her stance about memory, history and the ways of expressing them. The exhibition draws from cia declassified archives in fourteen Latin-American countries in order to re-think the relationships between politics, history and image. Archival logic requires its own way of reading, the deconstruction of a set-up away from legal-administrative logic and its own exploration of the aesthetic-political potentialities as a counter-archive.

Natural rubber/styrene-butadiene rubber blends prepared by solution mixing: Influence of vulcanization temperature using a Semi-EV sulfur curing system on the microstructural properties Mansilla, Marcela Angela; Marzocca, Angel José; Macchi, Carlos Eugenio; Somoza, Alberto Horacio Blends of natural rubber (NR) and styrene-butadiene rubber (SBR) were prepared by solution mixing and vulcanized with sulfur and accelerator in a Semi-EV system at 433 K and 443 K in order to study the vulcanization kinetic and the influence of vulcanization temperature on final structure of the blends. The vulcanization kinetic studied through the variation in rheometer curves was analyzed using the Ding and Leonov model, which takes into account the reversion effect during the cure process. The average free nanohole volume and the fractional free volume of samples with different NR/SBR ratio were estimated using positron annihilation lifetime spectroscopy (PALS). Also, the crosslink density was determined by means of swelling tests in a solvent. For all the compounds, a correlation between the free nanohole volume and the delta torque obtained from the respective rheometer curves was established.

Aplicación de un método de extracción de ADN a partir de sangre canina sensible y de bajo costo para el diagnóstico molecular de Leishmania sp.; Application of a sensitive and low cost method for the extraction of DNA from canine blood to the molecular diagnosis of Leishmania sp. Ascencio, Mariano; Jacobsen, Monica Ofelia; Schnittger, Leonhard; Rodriguez, Anabel Elisa La leishmaniosis canina (LC) es una enfermedad causada por hemoparásitos del género Leishmania. Los parásitos se transmiten a través de vectores flebótomos a los seres humanos y a otros mamíferos, generando cuadros tegumentarios yviscerales. Varios estudios han demostrado la eficacia de la reacción en cadena de la polimerasa (PCR) para el diagnóstico molecular de LC. El objetivo de este trabajo fue desarrollar un método de extracción de ADN de Leishmania sp. para suaplicación en el diagnóstico molecular de LC en muestras de sangre canina. Para ello, se comparó la eficiencia de la resina Chelex 100 con la de un kit comercial y con el método tradicional de fenol-cloroformo, para extraer ADN de una muestra de sangre de un perro infectado con L. infantum. En el caso de Chelex 100, se evaluaron diferentes protocolos y se eligió el más conveniente. Para analizar los resultados, se amplificó por PCR un segmento de nucleótidos específico para Leishmania sp. en diluciones seriadas del ADN obtenido, y se registró la máxima dilución para la que se obtuvo una banda de amplificación. Los tres métodos mostraron una sensibilidad similar, hallándose detección hasta una dilución de 3 x 10-4 de la muestra original. Cuando la muestra de ADN extraída por Chelex 100 fue congelada a -20 oC durante 30 y 60 días, se observó que no hubo diferencias en la sensibilidad de la detección luego de estos periodos de almacenamiento. Comparado con el kit comercial, el método de Chelex 100 es 10 veces más económico y el doble de rápido. Estos resultados nos permiten concluir que el método de Chelex 100 constituye una herramienta rápida, sencilla, sensible y económica para la extracción de ADN de Leishmania sp. Es importante destacar que la obtención de muestras de sangre para la detecciónde LC constituye una técnica menos invasiva que el muestreo de médula ósea utilizado rutinariamente para este fin. En conclusión, al facilitar significativamente el diagnóstico de LC, nuestro trabajo tiene el potencial de mejorar la vigilancia epidemiológica y el manejo de esta enfermedad.; Canine leishmaniasis (CL) is a disease caused by hemoparasites of the genus Leishmania. The parasites are transmitted through sand fly vectors to humans and other mammals, generating tegumentary and visceral clinical cases. Several studies have shown the efficacy of polymerase chain reaction (PCR) for the diagnosis of CL. The objective of this work was to develop a method for Leishmania sp. DNA extraction for its application to the molecular diagnosis of CL in canine blood samples. To this end, Chelex 100 resin efficiency was compared to that of a commercial kit and the traditional phenol-chloroform method in its ability to extract DNA from a blood sample of a L. infantum-infected dog. In the case of Chelex 100, different protocols were evaluated and the most convenient was chosen. To analyze the results, a Leishmania sp.-specific nucleotide segment was amplified by PCR in serial dilutions of the extracted DNA, and the maximal dilution that yielded an amplification band was registered. The three methods showed a similar sensitivity, with detection until a dilution of the original sample of 3 x 10-4. When the DNA sample extracted by Chelex 100 was frozen at -20o C for 30 and 60 days, no differences in the sensitivity of detection were observed after these storage periods. Compared to the commercial kit, Chelex 100 is 10 times cheaper and twice as fast. These results allow us to conclude that the Chelex 100 method is a rapid, simple, sensitive and economic tool for Leishmania sp. DNA extraction. Importantly, blood sample collection for the detection of CL is a lesser invasive technique than bone marrow sampling, which is routinely used to this end. In conclusion, by significantly facilitating its diagnosis, our work has the potential to improve CL surveillance of infection and disease management.

Eneas frente a las armas ajenas; Aeneas in front of others’ weapons; Enees davant les armes alienes Sisul, Ana Clara Este trabajo se divide en dos alientos. El primero desarrolla, en el transcurso de algunos episodios de la Eneida, la identificación establecida entre héroes y armas, analizando una de sus consecuencias: la condena del acto del expolio. Este cuadro permite desplegar el segundo y principal aliento de la indagación, que, centrado en Eneas, sostiene que las interacciones del personaje con las armas ajenas son aplicaciones concretas de este radical cambio de enfoque virgiliano, vehiculizado en la figura del héroe. La exposición conduce, a modo de epílogo, a reflexionar sobre este tema en un nivel metaliterario, considerando tanto la filiación como también la independencia de la Eneida respecto de la tradición literaria.; This paper is divided in two parts. The first one develops the identification established between heroes and weapons during some episodes of the Aeneid, analysing one of its consequences: the condemnation of plundering. This frame nourishes the second part of the study, which, centered in Aeneas, maintains that the character’s interactions with others’ weapons are concrete applications of this radical Vergilian shift, expressed in the hero’s figure. The exposition leads to an epilogue, where these subjects are viewed in a metaliterary level, considering both the Aeneid’s affiliation with the literary tradition, as well as its independence from the latter.; Aquest treball es divideix en dues parts. La primera desenvolupa, en el transcurs d’alguns episodis de l’Eneida, la identificació establerta entre herois i armes, analitzant una de les seves conseqüències: la condemna de l’acte de l’espoliació. Aquest quadre permet desplegar la segona i principal part de la indagació, que, centrada en Enees, sosté que les interaccions del personatge amb les armes alienes són aplicacions concretes d’aquest canvi radical d’enfocament virgilià, vehiculat en la figura de l’heroi. L’exposició condueix, a manera d’epíleg, a reflexionar sobre aquest tema en un nivell metaliterari, considerant tant la filiació com també la independència de l’Eneida respecte de la tradició literària.

New evidence of the health status and economic growth relationship Monterubbianesi, Pablo Daniel; Grandes, Martin; Dabús, Carlos Darío Over the last two decades, the role of health as a determinant of growth has been gaining ground in economic analysis due to longer average life expectancy at birth or lower infant mortality experienced in developing and fast-growing emerging economies. The empirical approach to this problem, based primarily on econometric analysis, has focused on two alternative approaches; the growth accounting models and the "a la Barro" regressions. This study aims to measure the contribution of health to economic growth using a panel of 91 countries over the period 1960-2005, and to compare the estimated impact of better health status on long-run per capita income under those two approaches, controlling for potential endogeneity. Our main results show the marginal effect of the change in health status in the long-term income lies between 2.6% in the growth accounting models and 8.3% in the "a la Barro" regressions. These results are consistent with the marginal effects we simulate and quantify using the health-growth point estimates found in earlier literature.

Prediction of Effective Properties of Porous Carbon Electrodes from a Parametric 3D Random Morphological Model Prill, Torben; Jeulin, Dominique; Willot, François; Balach, Juan Manuel; Soldera, Flavio Pore structures have a major impact on the transport and electrical properties of electrochemical devices, such as batteries and electric double-layer capacitors (EDLCs). In this work we are concerned with the prediction of the electrical conductivity, ion diffusivity and volumetric capacitance of EDLC electrodes, manufactured from hierarchically porous carbons. To investigate the dependence of the effective properties on the pore structures, we use a structurally resolved parametric model of a random medium. Our approach starts from 3D FIB-SEM imaging, combined with automatic segmentation. Then, a random set model is fitted to the segmented structures and the effective transport properties are predicted using full field simulations by iterations of FFT on 3D pore space images and calculations based on the geometric properties of the structure model. A parameter study of the model is used to investigate the sensitivity of the effective conductivity and diffusivity to changes in the model parameters. Finally, we investigate the volumetric capacitance of the EDLC electrodes with a geometric model, make a comparison with experimental measurements and do a parameter study to suggest improved microstructures.

Desafíos de la implementación de la atención primaria de la salud desde el enfoque de Derechos Humanos; Challenges of primary health care implementation from a Human Rights approach Echegoyemberry, Maria Natalia; Castiglia, Gabriela; Yavich, Natalia; Báscolo, Ernesto Pablo Este artículo tiene por objetivo reconocer los lineamientos y desafíos queplantea la implementación de la (Atención Primaria de la Salud) aps desdeel enfoque de Derechos Humanos. A estos efectos se parte de una revisióny análisis del surgimiento del concepto de Atención Primaria de la Salud(aps), sus concepciones, modo de implementación e interrelaciones con elsistema de salud, el derecho a la salud y el contexto socio-político, económicoy cultural. A partir de este análisis se concluye que: a) la implementaciónde la aps desde el enfoque de Derechos Humanos implica no sólo reconocera la aps como una estrategia sanitaria, un principio que guía y orienta lasacciones en salud y organiza los niveles de atención sino también como unaherramienta eminentemente política y social de constitución de ciudadaníay por lo tanto, relevante para la construcción de un marco legal nacional ysupranacional que obligue al Estado a actuar como garante y promotor delderecho a la salud b) la salud es un derecho humano fundamental e inescindiblede otros derechos económicos, sociales y culturales y c) las políticaspúblicas y los sistemas de salud deben estar basados en aps a los efectos degarantizar el acceso universal a la salud.; This paper is aimed at recognising the guidelines and challenges raised by the implementation of phc from a Human Rights approach. With this purpose we reviewed and analysed the origins of the primary health care (phc) concept, its meanings, implementation and interrelationships with the health system, the right to health and the social, political, economic and cultural context. As a result of this analysis we concluded that: a) the implementation of phc from a Human Rights approach means not just its recognition as a health strategy for organizing the health system and guiding principle for health actions but as a political and social tool for citizenship construction and as relevant concept for the development of national and supranational regulatory frameworks to compel the State to actas a guarantor and promoter of the right to health b) the right to health has to be recognised as a fundamental human right, inextricable from other economic, social and cultural rights and c) public policies and health systems needs to be based on phc in order to guarantee universal health access.

El rol de las universidades públicas argentinas en el desarrollo económico Hurtado de Mendoza, Diego Fabian; Zubeldia Brenner, Lautaro Las políticas tecnológicas necesarias para construir una senda de desarrollo social y económico constituyen uno de los problemas cruciales que enfrentan los estados no desarrollados. Algunos economistas llegan a afirmar que “el desarrollo económico consiste en adquirir y dominar las tecnologías avanzadas” (Chang, 2008: 81). Ahora bien, las dinámicas económicas, políticas, epistémicas y culturales que se ponen en juego en la gestión de “valor tecnológico” –actividades de investigación, desarrollo e innovación, procesos de aprendizaje y acumulación, transferencia de tecnología, asistencia técnica, ingeniería inversa, protección de la propiedad intelectual, comercialización, etc.– suponen que un país (principalmente su Estado cuando se trata de países no centrales) debe ser capaz de comprender qué tipo de conocimientos necesita, de producir el perfil de tecnólogos y científicos –naturales y sociales–, de orientar a sus instituciones y de incentivar/disciplinar a los sectores sociales relevantes en la economía del conocimiento –sectores empresariales, burocracias, gremios y comunidades de científicos y tecnólogos– en una dirección convergente con el proyecto de país plasmado en los objetivos políticos consensuados por mecanismos democráticos y expresados en las políticas públicas.

Amistades éxtimas y astralidad en Las lindas de Melisa Liebenthal Haber, Magalí En este artículo se analiza el documental Las lindas, de Melisa Liebenthal, que logra casi un pase mágico: tornar visible la serie de dispositivos que modelaron a aquellos cuerpos. Enunciados paternos, prejuicios sociales, fotografías y recuerdos del grupo son catalizadores para indagar las relaciones problemáticas de la directora con su propia imagen centradas en el tema de la voz y la belleza femenina. Lo que se signa en sus imágenes finales arroja una serie de preguntas en torno al carácter técnico o arcaico-astral de la imagen en sus relaciones con el erotismo, la belleza, la voz y los gestos.; This article analyzes the documentary Las lindas by Melisa Liebenthal. The film achieves almost magically to render visible the series of dispositives that shaped her and her friend's bodies. Parental statements, social prejudices, photographs and group memories are catalysts for investigating the director's problematic relationships with her own image focused on the theme of female voice and beauty. What is ciphered in the final images raises a series of questions on the technical or archaic-astral character of the image in its relations with eroticism, beauty, voice and gestures.

Políticas de inclusión digital en la formación docente; Políticas de inclusão digital na formação de docentes; Policies of digital inclusion in the teachers’ training Melendez, Cecilia Evangelina; Diaz, Ana Griselda; Yuni, Jose Alberto En este artículo nos proponemos abordar algunas tensiones generadas por el mandato instituyente de las Políticas de Inclusión Digital en la Formación Docente. Desde la perspectiva teórica del Análisis del Ciclo de las Políticas, propuesta por Stephen Ball, se problematizan diferentes aspectos y niveles de la puesta en acto de las políticas de referencia. A través de análisis documental, bibliográfico y de fuentes secundarias se focalizan diferentes dimensiones que dan cuenta de los componentes discursivos de orden enunciativo y de los dispositivos institucionales propuestos desde las políticas educativas, para incorporar las tecnologías digitales en las prácticas de enseñanza en el nivel superior. Finalmente, se postula que la inclusión digital en la formación docente requiere/supone el uso pedagógico de las TIC en las pedagogías de la formación inicial. Por ello se propone una reconceptualización de esta noción, indicando algunos presupuestos teórico-metodológicos generados en investigaciones precedentes.; Neste artigo propomo-nos abordar algumas tensões geradas pelo programa de incorporação das políticas de inclusão digital na formação de docentes. A partir da perspectiva teórica da Análise do Ciclo das Políticas proposta por Stephen Ball, problematizamos diferentes aspectos e níveis de implementação da política em causa. Baseando-nos em análise documental, bibliográfica e de fontes secundárias, focamos diferentes dimensões que dão conta das componentes discursivas de ordem enunciativa e dos dispositivos institucionais propostos pelas políticas educativas no sentido de incorporar a tecnologia digital nas práticas do ensino superior. Por fim, defende-se que a inclusão digital na formação de docentes requer/pressupõe o uso pedagógico das TIC nas pedagogias de formação inicial. Propõe-se então uma reconceptualização desta noção, apontando alguns pressupostos teóricos e metodológicos gerados em pesquisas anteriores.; In this article we propose to address some tensions engendered by the mandate to incorporate policies of digital inclusion in the teachers’ training. Drawing on the theoretical perspective of Policy Cycle Analysis proposed by Stephen Ball, different aspects and levels of implementation of the policies at stake are problematized. Based on the analysis of documentary, bibliographic and secondary sources, we analyse different dimensions that account for the discursive components and institutional arrangements proposed by educational policies for the incorporation of digital technologies in teaching practices at higher education. Finally, we claim that digital inclusion in the teachers’ training requires/supposes the pedagogical use of ICT in the pedagogies of earlier education. We therefore propose a reconceptualisation of this notion, indicating some theoretical and methodological postulates developed in previous research.

rhoCentralRfFoam: An OpenFOAM solver for high speed chemically active flows – Simulation of planar detonations Gutierrez Marcantoni, Luis Felipe; Tamagno, Jose Pedro; Elaskar, Sergio Amado A new solver developed within the framework of OpenFOAM 2.3.0, called rhoCentralRfFoam which can be interpreted like an evolution of rhoCentralFoam, is presented. Its use, performing numerical simulations on initiation and propagation of planar detonation waves in combustible mixtures H2–Air and H2–O2–Ar, is described. Unsteady one dimensional (1D) Euler equations coupled with sources to take into account chemical activity, are numerically solved using the Kurganov, Noelle and Petrova second order scheme in a domain discretized with finite volumes. The computational code can work with any number of species and its corresponding reactions, but here it was tested with 13 chemically active species (one species inert), and 33 elementary reactions. A gaseous igniter which acts like a shock-tube driver, and powerful enough to generate a strong shock capable of triggering exothermic chemical reactions in fuel mixtures, is used to start planar detonations. The following main aspects of planar detonations are here, treated: induction time of combustible mixtures cited above and required mesh resolutions; convergence of overdriven detonations to Chapman–Jouguet states; detonation structure (ZND model); and the use of reflected shocks to determine induction times experimentally. The rhoCentralRfFoam code was verified comparing numerical results and it was validated, through analytical results and experimental data.