Prostanoides y lecho vascular mesentérico: su implicancia en enfermedades cardiometabólicas Lee, Hyun Jin; Cantú, Silvana María; Donoso, Adriana Susana; Choi, Marcelo Roberto; Peredo, Horacio Angel; Puyó, Ana María Las enfermedades metabólicas como el síndrome metabólico y la diabetes mellitus tipo 2 están estrechamente vinculadas con la hipertensión arterial y constituyen un importante problema de salud pública a nivel mundial. Sin embargo, la relación exacta entre las mismas aún no está completamente dilucidada. El lecho vascular mesentérico constituye una fuente de prostanoides formada por las prostaglandinas (PGs) y tromboxanos (TXs). Estos mediadores lipídicos juegan un importante papel en la regulación del tono vasomotor. Recientemente se ha aumentado el interés en el estudio de la función del lecho mesentérico en estas enfermedades. Alteraciones en la función del tejido adiposo perivascular localizado alrededor de los vasos mesentéricos inducida por alteraciones de la dieta podrían constituir un posible vínculo entre las alteraciones metabólicas y el desarrollo de enfermedades cardiovasculares como la hipertensión arterial. Un estudio realizado por nuestro laboratorio mostró un patrón alterado de la liberación de prostanoides en el lecho vascular mesentérico en un modelo experimental de síndrome metabólico en la rata inducida por una dieta alta en grasa.; Metabolic diseases such as metabolic syndrome and type 2 diabetes mellitus are closely linked to hypertension and constitute a major public health problem worldwide. However, the exact relationship between them is not yet fully understood. The mesenteric vascular bed constitutes a source of prostanoids such as prostaglandins (PGs) and thromboxanes (TXs). These lipid mediators play an important role in the regulation of vasomotor tone. Recently, the interest in the study of mesenteric bed function in these diseases has been aroused. Alterations in the function of perivascular adipose tissue located in the mesenteric vessels induced by dietary alterations could constitute a possible link between metabolic alterations and the development of cardiovascular diseases such as hypertension. To address these issues, we present the results of a study of our laboratory showing an altered pattern of prostanoid release in the mesenteric vascular bed in an experimental model of metabolic syndrome in rats induced by a high fat diet.

Científicos Periféricos, entre Ariel y Calibán. Saberes Institucionales y Circuitos de Consagración en Argentina: Las Publicaciones de los Investigadores del CONICET; Científicos periféricos, entre Ariel e Calibán: saberes institucionais e circuitos de consagração nas publicações dos pesquisadores do CONICET na Argentina; Científicos periféricos, entre Ariel e Calibán: Saberes institucionais e circuitos de consagração nas publicações dos pesquisadores do CONICET na Argentina; Savants périphériques entre Ariel et Calibán: Savoirs iinstitutionnels et circuits de consécration en Argentine: Les publications des chercheurs au CONICET Beigel, Maria Fernanda Argentina is a dynamic scientific field, dominantly public, havingwitnessed athree-fold growth in the number of full-time researchers over the past decadeand the repatriation of over one thousand researchers that had emigrated intimes of crisis. Meanwhile, there has been a simultaneous deepening of thepolarization between internationalized scientists and those with a moreendogenous orientation. Although autonomous and heteronymous trendscoexist throughout the field, segmented scientific circuits have beenconsolidated revealing the dispute between two types of prestige: oneinternational and the other local/national. In the first part of this article, Ianalyze the morphology of this double-faceted academic elite, describing itsstyles of production and circulation. In the second part, I focus on theinternationalized profile, by means of an empirical study on the publicationsconsidered to be the ?most relevant? by researchers on the National Scientificand Technical Research Council (CONICET) when seeking for promotion.; Argentina tiene un campo científico dinámico, predominantemente público, que triplicó la cantidad de investigadores full-time en la última década y repatrió más de mil investigadores argentinos que habían emigrado en épocas de crisis. Paralelamente, sin embargo, se profundizó la polarización entre los científicos internacionalizados y los que tienen una orientación más endógena. Aunque conviven tendencias autónomas y heterónomas en todo el campo, se han consolidado circuitos segmentados de consagración que evidencian la disputa entre dos tipos de prestigio: uno internacional versus otro local/nacional. En la primera parte de este artículo analizamos la morfología de esta elite académica bifronte y describimos sus formas de producción y circulación. En la segunda parte, nos concentramos en el perfil internacionalizado, a través de un estudio empírico de las publicaciones “más relevantes” que los investigadores del Consejo de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas (CONICET) eligen para solicitar promoción.; A Argentina possui um campo científico dinâmico, predominantemente público, que triplicou a quantidade de pesquisadores em tempo integral na última década e repatriou mais de mil pesquisadores argentinos que haviam emigrado em épocas de crise. Paralelamente, no entanto, aprofundou-se a polarização entre os cientistas internacionalizados e aqueles de orientação mais endógena. Ainda que tendências autônomas e heterônomas convivam em todo o campo, foram consolidados circuitos segmentados de consagração, os quais evidenciam a disputa entre dois tipos de prestígio: um internacional versus outro local/nacional. Na primeira parte desse artigo, analisamos a morfologia desta elite acadêmica bifronte e descrevemos as suas formas de produção e circulação. Na segunda parte, concentramo-nos no perfil internacionalizado, através de um estudo empírico das publicações “mais relevantes” escolhidas por pesquisadores do Consejo de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas (CONICET) quando se solicita promoção.; L’Argentine dispose d’un domaine scientifique dynamique, majoritairement public, où le nombre de chercheurs à plein temps a triplé au cours de la dernière décennie, grâce notamment au rapatriement de plus d’un millier de chercheurs argentins qui avaient émigré en temps de crise. Parallèlement, la polarisation entre les scientifiques internationalisés et ceux dont l’orientation est plus endogène s’est néanmoins approfondie. Encore que coexistent dans le champ ces tendances autonomes et hétéronomes, des circuits de consécration segmentés se sont toutefois consolidés et démontrent le conflit entre ces deux types de prestige: l’un, international, et l’autre, local/national. Dans la première partie de cet article, nous analyserons la morphologie de cette élite universitaire bicéphale et décrirons ses formes de production et de circulation. Dans la deuxième partie, nous nous concentrons sur le profil internationalisé à travers une étude empirique des publications “les plus important” choisi par les chercheurs du Conseil de recherche scientifique et technique (CONICET) pour appuyer leurs demandes de promotion.

Occurrence of Anastrepha fraterculus and Ceratitis capitata (Diptera: Tephritidae) in Organically Grown Rubus (Rosales: Rosaceae), in Two Contrasting Environments of Northwestern Argentina Funes, Claudia Fernanda; Escobar, Lorena Ines; Meneguzzi, Natalia Gabriela; Ovruski Alderete, Sergio Marcelo; Kirschbaum, Daniel Santiago In Tucumán (northwestern Argentina) during 2013 and 2014, Anastrepha fraterculus (Wiedemann) (Diptera: Tephritidae) and Ceratitis capitata (Wiedemann) (Diptera: Tephritidae) were found infesting organically grown blackberries in the humid piedmont region (Monte Grande, Famaillá). In 2016, only A. fraterculus was found infesting organically grown blackberries and raspberries in the temperate semiarid region (Tafí del Valle), where studies conducted in prior years showed coexistence of both fruit fly species with prevalence of C. capitata over A. fraterculus, but in other fruit species. In this study, we found that A. fraterculus had a remarkable preference for raspberries over blackberries. These are the first records of fruit fly occurrence in Rubus (Rosales: Rosaceae) in northwestern Argentina and expand the range of host species for fruit flies in the region. Fruit fly infestation levels in blackberries in the humid region were very low, whereas fruit fly infestation in the semiarid region was relatively high. Based on our observations, we hypothesize that spring rains, soil moisture, and relative humidity determine the time of appearance of fruit flies in blackberries in the humid region. Fruit fly abundance should be tracked for several more years to test this hypothesis. In addition, fruit flies were not recovered from fruit samples of the blackberry cultivar Navaho, which is interesting from both an agronomic and scientific perspective.

Grazing increases evapotranspiration without the cost of lowering soil water storages in arid ecosystems Pereyra, Daniel A.; Bucci, Sandra Janet; Arias, Nadia Soledad; Ciano, Nicolás; Cristiano, Piedad María; Goldstein, Guillermo Hernan; Scholz, Fabian Gustavo Grazing is the predominant land use practice in arid environments; however, there are relatively few studies of grazing effects on ecosystem functioning. We assessed the impact of grazing on soil moisture, evapotranspiration (ET), canopy conductance (Gc), and root water uptake in the Patagonian steppe. Studies were done in 3 sites along a gradient of grazing intensity. High grazing intensity increased the soil water storage by 24% and decreased the amount of water extracted from deep layers compared to the low grazing intensity. Grazing affected ET and its partitioning into transpiration (T) and evaporation. High shrub cover and Gc increased ET and T or ET partitioning in the heavily grazed site. Annual ET increased from 78% to 92% of the annual precipitation from the lowest to the highest grazing intensity, respectively. Total T was 21% higher in the highest intensity site compared to the lowest intensity site. Changes in Gc suggest that grazing modified the canopy architecture, and thus the response of vegetation to environmental factors. At the beginning of the growing season when moisture was high, Gc exhibited the highest value in the heavily grazed site, but a strong regulation of water losses was observed under drier conditions. This study emphasizes the need to assess simultaneously multiple factors for understanding regulatory mechanisms of grazing effects on hydrological processes. From a sustainable management point of view, we suggest that increasing the number of water sources, and thus spreading the sheep in a paddock, can enhance the stocking rate while maintaining soil water storage.

Fibroblast growth factor 2 (FGF2) is present in human spermatozoa and is related with sperm motility: the use of recombinant FGF2 to improve motile sperm recovery Garbarino Azúa, Darío Jose; Saucedo, Lucia; Giordana, S.; Magri, M.L.; Buffone, Mariano Gabriel; Neuspiller, F.; Vazquez, Monica Hebe; Marin Briggiler, Clara Isabel Fibroblast growth factors (FGFs) and their receptors (FGFRs) regulate several functions of somatic cells. In a previous work, we reported FGFR expression in human spermatozoa and their involvement in motility. This study aimed to evaluate the presence and localization of fibroblast growth factor 2 (FGF2) in human spermatozoa, to determine the relationship of FGF2 levels with conventional semen parameters and to assess the effect of recombinant FGF2 (rFGF2) on sperm recovery in a selection procedure. Western immunoblotting analysis using an antibody against FGF2 revealed an 18-kDa band in sperm protein extracts. The protein was immunolocalized in the sperm flagellum and acrosomal region, as well as in all germ cells. Sperm FGF2 levels, assessed by flow cytometry, showed a positive (p < 0.05) correlation with sperm concentration, motility, total sperm number and total motile cells per ejaculate. Moreover, samples with abnormal motility depicted diminished (p < 0.01) FGF2 levels compared to those with normal motility. Spermatozoa exposed to rFGF2 bound the protein, exhibited higher (p < 0.05) total and motile sperm recoveries, and increased (p < 0.01) kinematic parameters after the swim-up. Findings herein presented lead to consider sperm FGF2 level as a potential marker of sperm quality, and rFGF2 as a supplement for improving sperm recovery in selection techniques.

Economic performance assessment and monitoring in LP-DMC type controller applications Godoy, José Luis; Ferramosca, Antonio; González, Alejandro Hernán One of the main reported problems in petrochemical applications of Linear Programming-Dynamic Matrix Control (LP-DMC) type controllers is their global performance assessment. Since the stationary optimization and dynamic control blocks have not a transparent link between them, it is not easy to find appropriate references to evaluate the overall performance, and more important, to clearly determine the causes of an eventual loss of performance. In this work, the whole LP-DMC problem is analyzed and an off-line underlying optimization problem is defined, whose solution is used as a benchmark for the global closed-loop behaviors study. Based on this idea three global indicators, which evaluate and diagnose poor controller performance, are proposed. The indicators were successfully tested in two case studies: an integrating system and the well-known Shell heavy oil fractionator.

Progesterone administration in planned reproduction of cattle Helbling, Ignacio Marcelo; Luna, Julio Alberto Cattle constitute one of the most widely used species for animal husbandry. The growing demand for products derived from cattle has led to the development of intensive production systems. These systems require planned breeding of the herd to maintain optimal production levels. Planned breeding involves estrous cycle control and artificial insemination to assist reproduction. Estrus control is a hormonal treatment that can be performed by following different protocols with the aim of manipulating the reproductive cycle to synchronize estrus in females. Estrus synchronization presents several advantages mainly related to the avoidance of estrus detection and facilitates overall planning, including logistics of artificial insemination, grazing and specific nutrition programs, calving dates, and vaccination schedules. Progesterone plays a major role in estrus cycle control programs. Progesterone blood level regulates secretion and patterns of different estrus-inducing hormones and controls follicle and corpus luteum growth and development. Hence, one of the most important step for cycle regulation is the control of blood progesterone concentration at required time periods. Typically, the reproductive management strategy includes the administration of an exogenous source of progesterone to the animal, releasing the hormone at controlled rates to maintain the concentration at supraluteal levels for a specific period of time. When delivery is disrupted, progesterone concentration falls below the threshold to subluteal levels, inducing the beginning of a hormonal-regulated mechanism which will lead to the onset of heat and subsequent ovulation. Several technologies have been developed for progesterone administration. The most widespread practice is the use of matrices for sustained administration. These matrices are made of polymeric materials and contain the hormone. These polymeric matrices can be manufactured with different geometric shapes and can be placed in different sites of the animal body. Today, intravaginal administration is the main route of administration. Intravaginal devices made of non-biodegradable polymers are the most widely used systems for synchronization purposes. However, some concerns about the nonbiodegradable materials that make up these intravaginal devices and other related inconveniencies promote new research lines. There is a general trend towards simplifying the administration of progesterone and developing more friendly delivery systems. Strategies include reducing the hormone residue in used devices, reusing devices, the incorporating biodegradable polymeric materials to manufacture the matrices, and simplifying manufacturing processes. In this context, this chapter is intended to point out the importance of both reproduction planning for production animals and the use of progesterone for estrus cycle control, describing its role, advantages and disadvantages of biodegradable and non-biodegradable delivery devices and future trends in the field of progesterone delivery.

Recyclable amitraz-ethylene vinyl acetate strips used for beehives treatment against Varroa destructor Karp, Federico; Luna, Julio Alberto; Mengatto, Luciano Nicolas In this work, a new recyclable ethylene-vinyl acetate (EVA)-based strip impregnated with amitraz (AMZ) was prepared, characterized, and evaluated for the treatment of Apis mellifera against Varroa destructor. Bees are important for natural pollination, honey, and related goods production. Varroa destructor is currently considered one of the major pests and important efforts around the world are focused on methods for varroasis treatment. The procedure of strips preparation presented in this work consisted of two steps: impregnation and molding of impregnated pellets. Differential scanning calorimetryand gas chromatography?mass spectrometry analyses confirmed that AMZmolecule resisted the impregnation and molding conditions. The strips were sufficiently strong to resist destruction by the bees. The final infestation was lower in the hives treated with AMZ/EVA strips than in those treated with commercial strips. In order to check the possibility of recycling, strips were cut into little pieces and were subjected to total AMZ extraction. Finally, the fragments were exposed to re-impregnation and molding. The strips prepared after the recycling process presented the same shape and AMZ load than fresh strips.

La fauna menor de sitios arqueológicos del curso inferior del río Colorado (provincia de Buenos Aires) : aspectos tafonómicos y subsistencia de cazadores-recolectores durante el Holoceno medio y tardío Alcaraz, Ana Paula El presente trabajo de tesis tiene como objetivo caracterizar el aprovechamiento de la fauna menor (<15 kg) con el fin de evaluar su contribución en la subsistencia de los grupos cazadores-recolectores que habitaron la transición pampeano-patagónica oriental durante el Holoceno medio y tardío. Para alcanzar este propósito se analizaron los conjuntos faunísticos de tres sitios arqueológicos del área: La Modesta (ca. 5900-5600 años AP), Zoko Andi 1 (ca. 1500-1300; ca. 800-400 años AP) y El Tigre (ca. 900-400 años AP). Los resultados obtenidos muestran que diversas especies de fauna menor fueron aprovechadas por los grupos humanos durante el Holoceno medio y tardío. Asimismo, se detectaron variaciones en la explotación de las mismas lo cual responde a diversos factores, tales como los lugares donde se asientan los grupos, la estacionalidad, la duración de la ocupación, la diversidad de recursos disponibles en el ambiente, las actividades que se llevan a cabo en un determinado espacio y las decisiones humanas. Asimismo, sobre este escenario influyeron cuestiones de muestreo y/o preservación en función de los ambientes geomorfológicos en los que se encuentran emplazados los sitios y los procesos tafonómicos actuantes. Esta información sumada a la ya generada para las especies de tamaño mayor y peces, contribuyó a profundizar en el conocimiento de la interacción entre las diversas taxa y los grupos humanos así como en los cambios en su aprovechamiento a lo largo del Holoceno. En este sentido, los resultados obtenidos permitieron reevaluar ciertos aspectos del modelo de subsistencia propuesto para el área al poner en evidencia que estrategias de subsistencia que hasta el momento se consideraba que tenían lugar recién hacia la parte final del Holoceno tardío se habrían utilizado desde momentos más tempranos. Tal es el caso de la incorporación a la dieta de especies de pequeño tamaño de diversos ambientes y la explotación intensiva de algunas taxa como los ungulados. En síntesis, la información generada permitió lograr una visión más completa de la subsistencia como así también comprender aspectos vinculados con la historia tafonómica de los depósitos.

In silico analysis and effects of environmental salinity in the expression and activity of digestive α-amylase and trypsins from the euryhaline crab Neohelice granulata Asaro, Antonela; Martos Sitcha, Juan Antonio; Martínez Rodríguez, Gonzalo; Mancera, Juan Miguel; Lopez Mañanes, Alejandra Antonia Studies on molecular characteristics and modulation of expression of α-amylase and trypsin in the hepatopancreas of intertidal euryhaline crabs are lacking. In this work, we cloned and studied by in silico approaches the characteristics of cDNA sequences for α-amylase and two trypsins isoforms, as well as the effect of environmental salinity, on gene expression and protein activities in the hepatopancreas of Neohelice granulata (Dana, 1851), which is a good invertebrate model species. The cDNA sequence of α-amylase is 1637 bp long, encoding 459 amino acid residues. Trypsin 1 and 2 are 689 and 1174 bp long, encoding 204 and 151 amino acid residues, respectively. Multiple sequence alignment of deduced protein sequences revealed the presence of conserved motifs found in other invertebrates. In crabs acclimated at 37 psu (hyporegulation), α-amylase mRNA level and total pancreatic amylase activity were higher than at 10 psu (hyperregulation) and 35 psu (osmoconformation). Trypsin 1 mRNA levels increased at 37 psu, while trypsin 2 levels decreased at 10 and 37 psu. Total trypsin activity was similar in all salinities. Our results showed a differential modulation of α-amylase and trypsin expression and total amylase activity by salinity acclimation, suggesting the occurrence of distinct mechanisms of regulation at different levels that could lead to digestive adjustments in relation to hyperregulation and (or) hyporegulation.

Creep and thermal rounding close to the elastic depinning threshold Purrello, Víctor Hugo; Iguain, Jose Luis; Kolton, Alejandro Benedykt; Jagla, Eduardo Alberto We study the slow stochastic dynamics near the depinning threshold of an elastic interface in a random medium by solving a particularly suited model of hopping interacting particles that belongs to the quenched-Edwards-Wilkinson depinning universality class. The model allows us to compare the cases of uniformly activated and Arrhenius activated hops. In the former case, the velocity accurately follows a standard scaling law of the force and noise intensity with the analog of the thermal rounding exponent satisfying a modified "hyperscaling" relation. For the Arrhenius activation, we find, both numerically and analytically, that the standard scaling form fails for any value of the thermal rounding exponent. We propose an alternative scaling incorporating logarithmic corrections that appropriately fits the numerical results. We argue that this anomalous scaling is related to the strong correlation between activated hops that, alternated with deterministic depinning-like avalanches, occur below the depinning threshold. We rationalize the spatiotemporal patterns by making an analogy of the present model in the near-threshold creep regime with some well-known models with extremal dynamics, particularly the Bak-Sneppen model.

Atomic resolution STEM-EELS studies of defects and local structural distortions in oxide interfaces Sánchez Santolino, G.; Roldan, M. A.; Qiao, Qiao; Begon Lours, L.; Frechero, Marisa Alejandra; Salafranca, J.; Mishra, R.; Leon, C.; Pantelides, S. T.; Pennycook, S. J.; Villegas, J. E.; Santamaria, J.; Varela, M. Doped complex oxides show a wide range of interesting properties due to a strong interplay andcompetition between lattice, spin, and charge degrees of freedom. In these systems, subtle changes inlocal structure or chemistry may result in colossal responses in macroscopic physical behavior. In thistalk we will apply atomic resolution aberration corrected scanning transmission electron microscopy(STEM) and electron energy-loss spectroscopy (EELS) to the study of the chemistry and local structurearound defects, near complex oxide interfaces, and grain boundaries. Thanks to spherical aberrationcorrection, both spatial resolution and sensitivity limits attainable in the STEM have improved down tothe single-atom level, resulting in unprecedented contrast and signal-to-noise ratio improvements in both imaging and EELS. We will discuss a few examples where atomic resolution compositional mapping constitutes a key task to understand the system physical properties, highlighting the importance of considering artifacts during quantification.

Metagenome-derived draft genome sequence of acidithiobacillus ferrooxidans RV1 from an abandoned gold tailing in neuquén, Argentina Ulloa, José Ricardo; Moya Beltrán, Ana; Issotta, Francisco; Nuñez, Harold; Covarrubias, Paulo C.; Donati, Edgardo Ruben; Quatrini, Raquel; Giaveno Filippa, Maria Alejandra In this work we report the metagenome-derived draft genomic sequence of an enrichment culture dominated by A. ferrooxidans obtained from an airlift bioreactor inoculated with the microbial consortium recovered from the “Relave Viejo” tailing. The genome of this culture was assembled de-novo and by reference, generating a consensus assembly of 3.0 Mb. On the basis of 16S rRNA (100 % identity), average nucleotide identity analysis (99.33% identity) and in silico DNA-DNA hybridization against A. ferrooxidans ATCC 23270T (97.9%), the recovered genome is confirmed to pertain to A. ferrooxidans species. Comparative genomics results are presented to uncover the genetic traits of the variant surviving lime treatment and to further explore the genomic diversity of these model iron oxidizing species.

La reproducción de las inequidades en el cáncer desde el propio sistema de salud: Una apuesta colaborativa para achicar la brecha Luxardo, Natalia; Aizcorbe, Jesuana; Alva, Leandro; Belardo, Marcela Beatriz; Billordo, Javier Adrián; Bordes, Mariana Argentina; Brage, Eugenia; Calzia, Teresa; Cuasnicu, Alejandra; Heredia, Candela Rocío; Manzelli, Hernán Martín; Sassetti, Fernando; Scotta, Carlos José; Velázquez, Mariela; Velásquez, Milton; Vindrola Padros, Cecilia Este proyecto es la tercera etapa de una serie de investigaciones que desde hace más de una década venimos realizando con distintos equipos y que apuntan a afianzar una perspectiva de abordaje del cáncer no biomédica sobre la base de epistemologías plurales de las ciencias sociales interdisciplinarias y con el foco en la construcción de esta enfermedad como objeto de conocimiento...

De la ontología a la política: tres perspectivas sobre lo común Saidel, Matías Leandro En este trabajo buscamos problematizar tres perspectivas de la filosofía política contemporánea que comparten la vocación por pensar lo común por fuera de todo marco identitario y excluyente en las condiciones del capitalismo neoliberal. En ese marco, trabajamos inicialmente las perspectivas impolíticas que han recuperado y deconstruido la noción de comunidad, repensando lo común en clave ontológica e impolítica para luego pasar a analizar dos perspectivas que, tomando en cuenta las luchas que se han dado en las últimas décadas en torno a los bienes comunes, le dan una clara inflexión política al pensamiento sobre lo común. Nos ocuparemos así del intento de Hardt y Negri de pensar una ontología de lo común a partir de lo que definen como producción (y explotación) biopolítica y el poder constituyente de las multitudes y, posteriormente, de la apuesta de Dardot y Laval por pensar lo común en términos de praxis instituyente y de co-obligación entre quienes participan de una tarea conjunta. En ese marco, retomando las críticas de los franceses a las ontologías impolíticas de lo común, concluimos el artículo con un intento de revalorizar las ontologías impolíticas del ser-con para pensar una política del común.

Modelo de accesibilidad a sistemas de transporte público según la experiencia de usuario en el contexto urbano; Public transport accessibility model based on user experience of the urban context Baron, Gabriela Nuri; Allende, David Gabriel; Arena, Alejandro Pablo Los desafíos de transporte urbano poseen importantes aspectos técnicos y geográficos, pero éstas son solo dimensiones parciales de la problemática urbana. Para diseñar sistemas de transporte que rompan con los modelos tradicionales se necesita darle un giro más humano a la movilidad, ya que todos los viajes comienzan y terminan con una distancia recorrida a pie. En tal sentido, la calidad del ambiente urbano que rodea las áreas de acceso al Transporte Público (TP) influye en la captación de pasajeros, determinando la experiencia que los usuarios tendrán en los segmentos de acceso, transición y egreso del modo elegido.Este trabajo tiene como objeto elaborar una metodología para evaluar la accesibilidad a sistemas de TP. Se presentan los resultados preliminares del desarrollo de un modelo que intenta ampliar el alcance de las herramientas existentes de análisis, al brindar un marco metodológico a escala humana y desarrollar indicadores que describan cualidades experienciales. Se propone un modelo matemático de Regresión Logística de seis variables predictivas, tres de ellas se refieren a aspectos materiales del viaje y tienen en cuenta la infraestructura urbana en diferentes escalas; otras tres se refieren a la experiencia de usuario que deriva de la interacción con el ambiente construido donde se produce el viaje. Palabras claves: accesibilidad, movilidad, escala humana, experiencia de usuario, esfuerzo emocional, esfuerzo cognitivo.; Mobility and transportation challenges in globalized cities have strong technical and locational facets, but these are only partial dimensions of the problematic. In order to design transportation systems that defy conventional models, a more humane shift towards mobility is needed, understanding that every trip starts and ends with a distance traveled by foot. Within this scope, the urban environment around public transport access areas influences catchment buffer distances, determined by the user experience during the access, transition and egress segments of the trip. This research aims to elaborate a methodological framework to evaluate accessibility that widens the scope of existing analysis tools. The preliminary results of a human-scale accessibility model are presented, elaborating on descriptive indicators of experiential qualities. The Logistic Regression mathematical model used consists of six predictive variables. Three of them describe the material aspects of the trip in different urban scales and the other three account for the user experience that derives from his interaction with the surrounding environment.

Do intergovernmental transfers affect the distribution of manufacturing production across regions in federal countries? Theory and evidence for Argentina Moncarz, Pedro Esteban; Freille, Sebastian; Figueras, Alberto Jose; Grion, Néstor Clever The effect of changes in the distribution of top-to-bottom intergovernmental transfers on the location of manufacturing production is analysed using a modified version of the footloose capital model. An increase in the share of transfers received by a region increases its share of manufacturing production the larger are transaction costs; the larger is the share of transfers going directly to consumers; the larger is the share of manufacturing consumption vis-à-vis non-tradable consumption; and the easier consumers can substitute among manufacturing varieties. Using data for Argentina for 1983-2005, the empirical analysis appears to support the existence of two distinctive regimes, with smaller/poorer provinces benefiting in terms of the location of manufacturing production as a response to an increase in transfers. Also, for these provinces, the benefits are greater if they are politically aligned with the federal government, especially through the receipt of discretionary transfers. For large/rich provinces, the evidence is less conclusive.

Concursos telefónicos: el telespectador somnoliento en la pantalla televisiva; Night phone calls competitions: the sleepy viewer on the argentine TV screen Slimovich, Ana; Cremonte Petrillo, Juan Pablo El presente artículo plantea un análisis sobre los concursos telefónicos nocturnos en la televisión argentina. Se desarrolla el surgimiento de dicho género hace alrededor de una década, sus principales características y sus cambios a través del tiempo. Para ello, se desarrolló un análisis semiótico que abordó los principales rasgos genéricos y sus diferencias estilísticas, así como también el aspecto mediático que ubica a este grupo de programas con rasgos de la neotelevisión y de la denominada “tercera etapa televisiva”, en relación con los nuevos medios. El resultado de ese análisis es una clasificación de estas producciones a partir del espacio de participación que le brindan al telespectador, así como del tipo de telespectador al que apuntan, según las etapas señaladas.; The present article raises an analysis on the night phone calls competitions in the television of Argentina. It develops the emergence of this genre about a decade ago, its main characteristics and its changes over time. For this, a semiotic analysis was developed that addressed the main generic features and their stylistic differences, as well as the media aspect that places this group of programs with features of neotelevision and the so-called “third stage television”, in relation to the new media. The result of this analysis is a classification of these productions from the space of participation that they give the viewer, as well as the type of viewer to which they point, according to the indicated stages.

Problemas de fronteira: reflexões sobre a relação entre o discursivo e o extradiscursivo na Análise do Discurso Francesa; Problemas de Frontera: Reflexiones acerca de la Relación entre lo Discursivo y lo Extradiscursivo en el Análisis Francés del Discurso; Problems of Boundary: Reflections upon the Connections between Discursive and Extradiscursive Orders within French Discourse Analysis Lijterman, Eliana El Análisis Francés del Discurso (AFD) nació como corriente de análisis al plantear, para la comprensión de su objeto, una intersección entre lingüística e historia y un anudamiento a la teoría de las ideologías, tal como fuera planteada por Althusser. Esta propuesta inauguró un verdadero problema teórico en torno a la relación entre el discurso y su exterior. Buscaremos desarrollar este problema recogiendo dos propuestas de análisis que, a menudo, entablaron una polémica al interior del AFD: una centrada en el concepto de "interdiscurso"; otra, en las categorías de práctica y acontecimiento discursivos. Así, reflexionaremos sobre las tensiones y desafíos que esta relación plantea a nivel conceptual y metodológico.; A Análise do Discurso Francesa (ADF) nasceu como corrente de análise ao propor, para a compreensão do seu objeto, uma intersecção entre linguística e história e uma união com a teoria das ideologias, tal como foi elaborada por Althusser. Esta proposta inaugurou um verdadeiro problema teórico em torno da relação entre o discurso e o seu exterior. Procuraremos desenvolver este problema retomando duas propostas de análise que, com frequência, travaram uma polêmica no interior da ADF: uma centralizada no conceito de "interdiscurso"; outra, nas categorias de prática e acontecimento discursivos. Assim, refletiremos sobre as tensões e desafios que esta relação estabelece em nível conceitual e metodológico.; French Discourse Analysis (FDA) aroused as a line of analysis when positing that both an intersection between linguistics and history and a link to the theory of ideologies as raised by Althusser are necessary to understand discourse. This proposal unveiled a real theoretical problem concerning the relationship between discourse and its exterior. We will develop such problem taking two proposals for analysis into consideration: one centered on the concept of "interdiscourse" and the other, on the categories of discursive practice and event. Thus, we will consider the tensions and challenges posed by this relation in the conceptual and methodological level.

First freshwater member ever reported for the family Bathycoccaceae (Chlorophyta; Archaeplastida) from Argentinean Patagonia revealed by environmental DNA survey Lara, Enrique; Fernández, Leonardo D.; Schiaffino, María Romina; Izaguirre, Irina We characterized molecularly the first freshwater member ever reported for the family Bathycoccaceae in Lake Musters (Argentinean Patagonia). Members of this family are extremely numerous and play a key ecological role in marine systems as primary producers. We cloned a fragment comprising the SSU rRNA gene + ITS region from environmental DNA using specific mamiellophyte primers. The unique SSU rRNA gene sequence obtained clustered robustly with Bathycoccus prasinos. Analysis of the two-dimensional structure of the ITS region showed the presence of a typical supplementary helix in the ITS-2 region, a synapomorphy of Bathycoccaceae, which confirmed further its phylogenetic placement. We finally discuss the possible causes for the presence of this organism in Lake Musters.