INGAP-PP effects on β-cell mass and function are related to its positive effect on islet angiogenesis and VEGFA production Román, Carolina Lisi; Maiztegui, Barbara; del Zotto, Hector Herminio; Gagliardino, Juan Jose; Flores, Luis Emilio Our aim was to determine whether islet angiogenesis and VEGFA production/release participate in the mechanism by which INGAP-PP enhances β-cell function and mass. We used two models: a) in vivo (normal rats injected with INGAP-PP for 10 days) and b) in vitro (normal islets cultured for 4 days with INGAP-PP, VEGFA, Rapamycin, and the specific VEGF-Receptor inhibitor, SU5416). INGAP-PP administration enhanced insulin secretion, β-cell mass, islet vascularization, and angiogenesis without affecting glucose homeostasis. Normal islets cultured with INGAP-PP and VEGFA increased insulin and VEGFA secretion while apoptosis decreased. INGAP-PP-induced effects were prevented by both Rapamycin and SU5416. INGAP-PP effects on β-cell mass and function were significantly associated with a positive effect on islet angiogenesis and VEGFA production/release. VEGF-A possibly potentiates INGAP-PP effect through mTORC pathway.

Depressive symptoms and the role of affective temperament in adults with attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD): A comparison with bipolar disorder Torrente, Fernando; López, Pablo; Lischinsky, Alicia; Cetkovich Bakmas, Marcelo; Manes, Facundo Francisco Objectives: To investigate the characteristics of depressive symptoms and the influence of affective temperament in adults with attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD), in comparison with bipolar disorder (BD) patients and healthy controls (HCs). Method: Sixty patients with ADHD, 50 patients with BD, and 30 HCs were assessed with instruments for measuring depressive symptoms (Beck Depression Inventory-II), and affective temperaments (Temperament Scale of Memphis, Pisa and San Diego, self-administered version; TEMPS-A). In addition, participants were evaluated with scales for measuring ADHD symptoms, impulsiveness, anxiety, executive dysfunction, and quality of life. Results: ADHD patients showed levels of depressive symptoms similar to BD patients and higher than HCs. Only neurovegetative symptoms of depression differentiated ADHD and BD groups (BD > ADHD). Depressive symptoms in ADHD patients correlated positively with core ADHD, impulsivity, anxiety, and dysexecutive symptoms and negatively with quality of life. Thirty-eight percent of patients with ADHD scored above the cutoff for at least one affective temperament. Cyclothymic was the more common affective temperament (25%). ADHD patients with affective temperamental traits were more depressed and impulsive than patients without those traits and showed a symptomatic profile analogous to BD patients. Limitations: The small size of resultant samples when ADHD group was stratified by the presence of affective temperament. In addition, results may not generalize to less severe ADHD patients from the community. Conclusions: Concomitant depressive symptoms constitute a common occurrence in adults with ADHD that carries significant psychopathological and functional consequences. The concept of affective temperaments may be an interesting link for explaining depressive symptomatology and emotional impulsivity in a subgroup of patients with ADHD, beyond the classic idea of comorbidity.

Studies on lignin extraction from rice husk by a soda-ethanol treatment: kinetics, separation, and characterization of products Dagnino, Eliana Paola; Felissia, Fernando Esteban; Chamorro, Ester Ramona; Area, Maria Cristina The delignification kinetics of lignocellulosic waste is an important tool for the study of the technical-economic viability of biorefinery processes. The aim of this work was to study the kinetic of lignin extraction by a soda-ethanol treatment of hemicelluloses-free rice husk, within the framework of a biorefinery. Additionally, the type of phenolic structures in the extracted lignin and the behavior of inorganics were evaluated. The kinetic study was carried out at 140, 150, and 160 °C, at different times between 3 and 100 min of reaction for each temperature. A first order kinetic model was adjusted to the experimental data of residual lignin in the treated solid in the fast and slow phase. The kinetic constant k0 varied from 0.021 to 0.035min-1 for 140 to 160 °C. The activation energies were 38.59 KJ/mol and 33.47KJ/mol for the fast and slow phase, respectively. The inorganics components remained in the solid and the proportion of silicon increased through all treatments. About 50% of the initial lignin with 1% of inorganics was recovered by precipitation. The percentage of total OH in lignin remained high, about 8.5%, and decreased with the temperature but not with the time of the reaction.

Comparison of different strategies for nitrogen removal by simultaneous nitrification and denitrification process in a batch rotating disk reactor Miranda Zoppas, Fernanda; Meneguzzi, Alvaro; Urrutia, Homero; Bernardes, Andrea Moura; Antileo, Cristian In this paper, different strategies of aeration and organics feed in the reactor were studied toevaluate the simultaneous nitrification and denitrification (SND) process efficiency for a sequencing batchrotating disk biofilm reactor (SBRDR). The effect of C/N ratio on biological nitrogen removal was also studied.Among the four strategies used, the ones with organic feeding showed the best results to promote SND. It wasalso observed a different behavior: the efficiency of SND as a function of the C/N ratio shows a tendency to ahave a lower value than values previously reported in the literature. A continuous or intermittent aeration in theprocess did not improved the nitrogen removal. These results provide sufficient knowledge of the parametersthat have the most influence on the efficient nitrogen removal via SND in batch rotating disk reactors.Keywords: batch reactor,denitrification, nitrification, nitrogen removal, rotating disk.

Optimization of reaction parameters in the conversion of PET to produce BHET Capeletti, Maria Rosa; Passamonti, Francisco Javier The conversion of poly(ethylene terephthalate) (PET) was analyzed in order to define the optimal conditions for the Bis(2-Hydroxyethyl) terephthalate (BHET) yield as regards catalyst use (zinc acetate), glycol (ethylene glycol), reaction time and temperature. These conditions were optimized so as to decrease the consumption of catalyst and glycolytic agents aiming to extend the analysis to achieve continuous recycling at a greater scale. At the same time, an analysis of the activity of different catalysts (zeolites, acid, and basic resins) was performed; no BHET yields of commercial interest were obtained. The results indicate that a very small catalyst/PET mass ratio and a low glycol/PET ratio are necessary. The reactions were carried out at a temperature of 1958C and a reaction time of 1 h: under these conditions, BHET yield is 30% (starting from pure PET) and up to 88.2% (recycling oligomers plus pure PET).

Anafilaxias y reacciones alérgicas durante cirugías y procedimientos médicos; Anaphylaxis and allergic reactions during surgery and medical procedures Larrauri, Blas J.; Torre, Gabriela; Malbran, Eloisa; Juri, María Cecilia; Fernández Romero, Diego S.; Malbrán, Alejandro Las reacciones anafilácticas intraoperatorias son impredecibles, infrecuentes y pueden poner en riesgo al paciente. Tienen una incidencia de 1/10 000 a 1/20 000 produciéndose en la mayoría de los casos por bloqueantes musculares, látex y antibióticos. No hay estadística de las reacciones alérgicas sistémicas durante otros procedimientos médicos. El estudio diagnóstico posterior a una reacción es complejo debiendo incluir toda la medicación utilizada en el procedimiento. En este estudio retrospectivo describimos 15 pacientes, de los cuales 10 tuvieron reacciones anafilácticas en un procedimiento quirúrgico, 2 en endoscopías y 1 en una ecografía transvaginal. Los dos pacientes restantes presentaron una reacción alérgica sistémica durante una ecografía transvaginal y un procedimiento odontológico. Estudiamos los pacientes con toda la medicación utilizada, incluimos látex y, eventualmente, los detergentes y desinfectantes, de haber sido empleados. Tres de las 10 cirugías no pudieron realizarse por desarrollarse la reacción durante la inducción anestésica, en cinco casos debieron interrumpirse y solo en dos se terminaron. Las reacciones posteriores a endoscopías fueron severas, requiriendo internación en terapia intensiva; las reacciones en ecografías transvaginales y procedimientos odontológicos fueron asistidas en emergencias. Los agentes causales en las cirugías incluyeron bloqueantes musculares, látex, cefalosporina, azul patente y ranitidina; en endoscopías el agente causal fue el orto-ftalaldehído (OPA), en las ecografías transvaginales el látex y en el procedimiento odontológico la amoxicilina. El objetivo de este artículo es describir la etiología de las reacciones alérgicas sistémicas y anafilácticas intraoperatorias y en procedimientos médicos, recalcando su gravedad y la necesidad de su identificación.; Anaphylaxis during anesthesia is an unpredictable, severe, and rare reaction. It has an incidence of 1/10 000 to 1/20 000 surgeries. In most series, the responsible drugs include neuromuscular blocking agents, latex, or antibiotics. The frequency and etiology of systemic allergic reactions in other medical procedures are largely unknown. The identification of responsible drugs of anaphylaxis is a complex task, requiring testing of all medications and substances used during surgery. We describe our experience in a retrospective study of 15 patients. Ten subjects developed anaphylaxis during surgery, two in endoscopic studies and one in a trans-vaginal ultrasound. The remaining two subjects, one in a trans-vaginal ultrasound and another during a dental procedure had a systemic allergic reaction. We studied all patients with all medications administered during the procedures, including latex and detergents and disinfectants. Three surgeries had to be suspended at induction of anesthesia, five were stopped incomplete and two were completed. Both patients that presented a reaction during endoscopy required intensive care unit admission and the rest were observed in a Hospital. The responsible drugs during surgery anaphylaxis were neuromuscular blocking agents, latex, patent blue, and ranitidine. Ortho-phthalaldehyde (OPA) was identified during endoscopic studies; latex was responsible in transvaginal ultrasounds; and amoxicillin in the dental procedure. The aim of the present article is to review our experience studying allergic systemic reactions and anaphylaxis during general anesthesia and medical procedures, emphasizing the severity of these reactions and the need for causative drug identification.

El proyecto formativo de Schiller en las Briefe über “Don Carlos”; Schiller’s Formative Project in the Briefe über “Don Carlos” Napoli, Santiago Juan El artículo intenta analizar un texto teórico de Friedrich Schiller, las Briefe über “Don Carlos” (Cartas sobre “Don Carlosˮ). El objetivo principal que se propone es dar cuenta de una de las problemáticas centrales que atraviesan la obra: la educación del estadista. Para ello ha sido necesario el abordaje de dicha fuente desde el punto de vista de su autonomía respecto de la pieza teatral a la que hace referencia, Don Carlos, Infant von Spanien, representada y publicada el año anterior. Las Briefe über “Don Carlos”, más que una defensa contra los críticos dramáticos, constituyen un ensayo de gran complejidad filosófica, marcado por la intención de mostrar la formación de un gobernante promisorio. Asimismo, la obra exhibe un proyecto de ciudadano delineado por Schiller para su propia época.; The article intends to examine Friedrich Schiller’s theoretical text, the Briefe über “Don Carlos” (Letters upon “Don Carlos”). The main objective it proposes is to show one of the main questions throughout the work: the education of a statesman. In order to accomplish that, it has been necessary to approach to the mentioned source from the point of view of its autonomy with regard to the play to which it refers, Don Carlos, Infant von Spanien, represented and published the previous year. The Briefe über “Don Carlos”, rather than a defense against drama critics, constitute an essay with a great philosophical complexity, characterized by the purpose of showing the formation of a future political leader. Likewise, the work exhibits an outline of a citizen created by Schiller for his own period.

Regulation of NADPH oxidase NOX4 by delta iodolactone (IL-δ) in thyroid cancer cells Thomasz, Lisa; Oglio, Andrea Romina; Salvarredi, Leonardo Andres; Perona, Marina; Rossich, Luciano Esteban; Copelli, Silvia Beatriz; Pisarev, Mario Alberto; Juvenal, Guillermo Juan Introduction: Iodine is not used only by the thyroid to synthesize thyroid hormones but also directly influences a number of thyroid parameters such as thyroid proliferation and function. Several iodinated lipids, biosynthesized by the thyroid, were postulated as intermediaries in the action of iodide. Among these, iodolactone (IL-δ) and 2-iodohexadecanal (2-IHDA) have shown to inhibit several thyroid parameters. The antiproliferative effect of IL-δ is not restricted to the thyroid gland. IL-δ exhibits anti-tumor properties in breast cancer, neuroblastoma, glioblastoma, melanoma and lung carcinoma cells suggesting that IL-δ could be used as a chemotherapeutic agent. Moreover in a colon cancer cell line (HT-29), IL-δ induced cell death, and this effect was mediated by reactive oxygen species (ROS) generation. The aim of the present study was to analyze the sources of reactive oxygen species induced by IL-δ and to explore the contribution of ROS induced by IL-δ on cell proliferation and apoptosis. Methodology and results: Cancer thyroid follicular (WRO) and papilar (TPC-1) cells lines were treated with IL-δ. Proliferation and apoptosis was analyzed. IL-δ caused a significant loss of cell viability on WRO and TPC-1 cells in a concentration dependent manner and induced apoptosis after 3 h of treatment. Furthermore, IL-δ (10 μM) increased ROS production (39% WRO and 20% TPC-1). The concomitant treatment of WRO and TPC-1 cells with Trolox or NAC plus IL-δ abrogated the augment of ROS induced by IL-δ exposure. Additionally Trolox and NAC reversed the effect of IL-δ on cell proliferation and apoptosis. Only in WRO cells IL-δ upregulates NADPH oxidase NOX4 expression, and siRNA targeted knock-down of NOX4 attenuates ROS production, apoptosis (p < 0.05) and the inhibitory effect of IL-δ on cell proliferation and PCNA expression (p < 0.05). Conclusions: The antiproliferative and pro-apoptotic effect of IL-δ is mediated by different mechanisms and pathway involving different sources of ROS generation depending on the cellular context.

Galactic perturbations on the population of wide binary stars with exoplanets Correa Otto, Jorge Alfredo; Gil Hutton, Ricardo Alfredo Aims. The aim of this work is to study the dynamical effects of the Galaxy on binary star systems with physical and orbital characteristics similar to those of the population of known wide binary stars with exoplanets. As secondary goal we analyse the possible consequences on the stability of a hypothetical planetary system orbiting one of the stellar components. Methods. We numerically reproduced the temporal evolution of a sample of 3 × 105 binary star systems disturbed by the Galactic potential and passing stars in an environment similar to the solar neighbourhood. Results. Our results show that the dynamical evolution of the population of wide binary stars with exoplanets in the solar neighbourhood is modelled by the process of disruption of binary star systems induced by the Galaxy. We found that this process depends mainly on the separation between both stars, whereas it is almost independent of the initial orbital configuration. Moreover, our calculations are in agreement with the results of previous works regarding the indirect influence of the Galaxy on the stability of planetary systems in wide binary stars. However, the effects on the planetary region show a dependence on the initial configuration of binary stars. Finally, we obtain an indirect test of the impulse approximation model for dynamical studies of binary star systems.

Extreme cold events in South America analyzed from a GFDL model perspective: comparison between CMIP3 and CMIP5 climate scenarios Muller, Gabriela Viviana; Rabelo Da Rocha Repinaldo, Cintia; Araneo, Diego Christian This paper deals with the future change projections of extreme cold events in relation to historical climate simulations, based on the comparison between two versions of the GFDL model, CMIP3 and CMIP5, in three regions of southeastern South America where these events are frequent. To this end, the compositions of up to five extreme events below 0 °C at 850 hPa were considered. They were derived from daily data collected from May to September of the NCEP/NCAR reanalysis and GFDL Coupled Atmospheric and Oceanic Global Circulation Model. The study periods run from 1961 to 1990 and from 2081 to 2100 for the most critical scenarios: A2 (GFDL-CM2) and RCP8.5 (GFDL-CM3). Sea level pressure, temperature, and wind were analyzed at 850 hPa and wind also at 250 hPa, for each of the areas under study, representing tropical (Area 1) and subtropical (Area 2 and Area 3) latitudes. The ability of the model to simulate the historical climate, represented by the reanalysis, increased as latitude decreased, CM3 version being better for subtropical latitudes than CM2. Depending on GFDL model version, temperature was higher or lower than those shown by the reanalysis in the tropical latitudes. In contrast, at subtropical latitudes, both versions of the model present lower values. An increase in mean temperature is expected in the future in the three areas, mainly at tropical latitudes (Area 1) according to both versions of the model, which is in line with the results reported by other global models. In Area 2, a further increase in temperature is projected in CM3 version, while, for Area 3, the greatest projection is in CM2 version. Changes are expected for the future climate, primarily explained by the configuration of the circulation fields, such as in the case of the subtropical areas in CM2, whose pattern is more related to that typically associated with radiative cooling, rather than the advective cooling shown in the historical climate. This result is in contrast with the results of the CM3 version, which displays a pattern associated with cold air advection from the south for both the historical and future climate. As regards the tropical area, both versions of the model reveal a considerable reduction in the number of extreme cold events.

Tamizaje del cáncer de mama: certezas y controversias Luthy, Isabel Alicia El cáncer de mama es globalmente el de mayor incidencia en mujeres, con estimaciones de entre 1.7 y 2.4 millones de casos anuales según diferentes fuentes1, 2. También es globalmente la principal causa de muerte por cáncer con unas 523 000 muertes anuales2. Según información del Instituto Nacional del Cáncer de la Argentina, en el año 2012 (último dato disponible) se registraron alrededor de 20 000 nuevos casos de cáncer de mama (que representa el 32.2% de los cánceres en mujeres), mientras que en 2016 se registraron 5645 fallecimientos de mujeres (19.4% de las muertes por cáncer considerando solamente ese sexo) y 45 de hombres por esta enfermedad. Probablemente estas cifras se encuentren subestimadas. Se publicaron una serie de trabajos que pusieron en duda la conveniencia del tamizaje del cáncer de mama, fundamentalmente debido al sobrediagnóstico y el consecuente sobretratamiento (revisado en4). Si se impone esta política tan contraria al concepto de medicina preventiva, ¿no veremos aumentar nuevamente las tasas de mortalidad que se mantenían constantes, aunque la incidencia seguía incrementándose?

Seminal plasma proteins modify the distribution of sperm subpopulations in cryopreserved semen of rams with lesser fertility Ledesma, Alba; Zalazar, Lucia; Fernández Alegre, Estela; Hozbor, Federico Andrés; Cesari, Andreina; Martínez Pastor, Felipe Any physiological mechanism involved in sperm selection and semen improvement has effects on heterogeneous sperm populations. This is mainly due to the fact that sperm populations within a single ejaculate have considerable heterogeneity for many variables, such as motility which is meaningful in terms of understanding how some sperm cells possess fertility advantages as compared with other cells. In the present research, initially there was a multivariate and clustering analysis used to assess sperm motility data from cryopreserved ram semen to identify subpopulations and compare the distribution of these clusters between rams with lesser and greater fertility. There were four classifications made of sperm subpopulations (clusters): CL1 fast/linear/progressive sperm; CL2 fast/non-linear sperm; CL3 very fast/linear sperm with vigorous beating and CL4 slow/non-linear sperm. Rams with greater fertility had a lesser proportion of sperm considered as “hyperactivated” (CL2) and a greater proportion of slow and non-linear sperm (CL4) than sperm of rams with lesser fertility. In addition, the effects were assessed for the capacity of seminal plasma (SP) and interacting SP proteins (iSPP) that were present during different seasons of the year to improve the distribution of sperm within subpopulations of semen from rams with lesser fertility. The iSPP and SP were obtained by artificial vagina (AV) and electroejaculation (EE) during breeding and non-breeding seasons and added to thawed semen. All the aggregates had a significant effect on the distribution of sperm subpopulations and effects differed among seasons of the year and depending on collection method used. Even though, future studies are needed to assess the contribution of each subpopulation on ram sperm fertility, it is important that a multivariate analysis be used to evaluate the effect of a treatment on sperm quality variables.

El nematodo Caenorhabditis elegans como modelo biológico de estudios tóxico-moleculares para la evaluación de la calidad de aguas Clavijo Lara, Araceli Maria Caenorhabditis elegans es un nematodo saprófito de vida libre que habita en el suelo y la hojarasca terrestre que se ha convertido en un importante organismo modelo animal en toxicología. Las características que han contribuido a su éxito son su genoma bien caracterizado y descrito, facilidad de mantenimiento en laboratorio, ciclo de vida corto y prolífico, y pequeño tamaño del cuerpo. Además, la mayoría de sus procesos fisiológicos son similares a los de organismos superiores, incluyendo humanos. El objetivo de esta tesis fue establecer en Argentina al nematodo C. elegans como una herramienta toxicológica integral tanto para complementar el monitoreo tradicional de aguas como para caracterizar los mecanismos moleculares activados por los agroquímicos de uso frecuente en nuestro país. Se utilizó el crecimiento relativo del nematodo para evaluar los efectos toxicológicos en dos cuencas argentinas: río Pergamino (Buenos Aires) y río Tunuyán (Mendoza). Estos resultados se analizaron junto con los parámetros fisicoquímicos y bacteriológicos, así como con su correspondiente valor de un Índice de Calidad de Aguas elaborado para cada cuenca. Se demostró que el crecimiento de C. elegans es una herramienta útil para detectar toxicidad, incluso cuando la calidad del agua cumple con los parámetros regulatorios vigentes. Además se estudiaron los efectos de una formulación comercial del herbicida glifosato sobre el ciclo de vida de C. elegans. Se realizó la caracterización molecular de la respuesta del nematodo mediante el estudio de la expresión de genes de las vías de estrés oxidativo. La información obtenida en esta tesis permitió evaluar la situación toxicológica actual de las regiones de estudio y contribuirá a establecer reglamentaciones para proteger el ambiente y la salud de la población rural.

Hidrogenación de poli-olefinas a alta presión Menossi, Matias; Milanesio, Juan Manuel; Rovetto, Laura Jorgelina La hidrogenación de sustratos de interés para obtener materiales con propiedades deseadas es de importancia industrial. En este trabajo se estudió a nivel experimental la hidrogenación a alta presión de Polibutadienos (PBs) de bajo índice de polidispersión, llevada a cabo para obtener Polietilenos (PEs) lineales de baja densidad con índices de polidispersión cercanos a la unidad. Para ello, y con la hipótesis de alcanzar elevadas velocidades de reacción, se intentó operar un reactor batch bajo condiciones que impliquen que, durante la hidrogenación, se encuentre presente una única fase fluida, a diferencia de lo que sucede en la hidrogenación convencional, la cual se efectúa en presencia de al menos dos fases fluidas. Se presentan resultados sobre grado de saturación de PB obtenidos en un reactor de volumen constante, en rangos apropiados de condiciones. El máximo grado de hidrogenación medido fue 86 %. Los datos experimentales obtenidos confirman preliminarmente que, a una dada densidad global, la condición de homogeneidad fluida implica mayores grados de hidrogenación que los obtenidos en presencia de dos o más fases fluidas. Además, el grado de hidrogenación se incrementa con el incremento del tiempo de reacción. Los PEs modelo son de utilidad para estudios sobre la relación entre estructura y propiedades físicas. La experiencia obtenida en este trabajo podría ser de utilidad en el desarrollo de procesos de hidrogenación para otros substratos.; Hydrogenation of substrates of interest to obtain materials with desired properties is of industrial importance. In this work, high pressure hydrogenation of polybutadienes (PBs) of low polydispersion index was carried out to obtain linear low density polyethylenes (PEs) with polydispersity indexes close to unity. To this end, and with the hypothesis of achieving high reaction rates, A batch reactor was operated under conditions that favor hydrogenation in a single fluid phase; as opposed to conventional hydrogenation, which is carried out in the presence of at least two fluid phases. Results on the degree of saturation of PB obtained in a constant volume reactor in appropriate ranges of conditions are presented. The highest degree of hydrogenation measured was 86%. The obtained experimental data preliminarily confirm that, at a given overall density fluid homogeneity condition implies a higher degree of hydrogenation than those obtained in the presence of two or more fluid phases. Moreover, the degree of hydrogenation increases with increasing reaction time. Model PEs are useful for studies on the relationship between structure and physical properties. The obtained results in this work are useful in future development of hydrogenation processes for other substrates.

El altar de Júpiter Pistor (Ov. Fast. 6.349-394): Un nuevo espacio literario; The shrine of Jupiter Pistor (ov. Fast. 6.349-394): A new literary space Radiminski, Maricel La narración de la etiología del altar de Júpiter Pistor (Ov. Fast. 6.349-394) asume el surgimiento de ese sitio cultual como retribución al dios por ayudar a los romanos ante el asedio galo. Roma es presentada como vencida y la construcción de esta derrota se vincula estrechamente con el tratamiento del espacio a lo largo del relato. Asimismo, dicha configuración espacial muestra una singular inclusión de escenarios épicos. Demostraremos que, al alejarse de los elementos y tópicos propios de la epopeya y acercarse al ámbito de la elegía, este relato ovidiano deja ver los mecanismos genéricos del mismo poema.; The account of the shrine of Jupiter Pistor (Ov. Fast. 6.349-394) posits that this site was built in acknowledgment of the god’s help during the Gallic siege of Rome. Rome is presented as a defeated city and the construction of this defeat is closely linked with the treatment of space throughout the story. Moreover, such spatial arrangement shows a remarkable inclusion of epic stages. We intend to show that, by moving away from elements and topics that are characteristic of the epic genre and towards/into the genre of elegy, the account displays the genre procedures that make up the poem.

Socio-educational research in Argentina: a brief historical account and current situation Nobile, Mariana The purpose of this brief work is to make public to those unfamiliar with the educational realities of distant geographies, the contributions of the sociology of education in Argentina, as well as the main concerns today. This work is far from exhaustive, but it does seek to encourage to find points of dialogue and cooperation with researches which objects of study are education systems and the realities they cross.

Security and Compliance Ontology for Cloud Service Agreements Zalazar, Ana Sofia; Ballejos, Luciana Cristina; Rodriguez, Sebastian Alberto Cloud computing is a business paradigm where two important roles must be defined: provider and consumer. Providers offer services (e.g. web application, web services, and databases) and consumers pay for using them. The goal of this research is to focus on security and compliance aspects of cloud service. An ontology is introduced, which is the conceptualization of cloud domain, for analyzing different compliance aspects of cloud agreements. The terms, properties and relations are shown in a diagram. The proposed ontology can help service consumers to extract relevant data from service level agreements, to interpret compliance regulations, and to compare different contractual terms. Finally, some recommendations are presented for cloud consumers to adopt services and evaluate security risks.

Bakery by-products based feeds borne-Saccharomyces cerevisiae strains with probiotic and antimycotoxin effects plus antibiotic resistance properties for use in animal production Poloni, Valeria Lorena; Salvato, Lauranne Alves; Pereyra, Carina Maricel; Oliveira, Águida Aparecida De; Rosa, Carlos Alberto da Rocha; Cavaglieri, Lilia Reneé; Keller, Kelly Moura The aim of this study was to select S. cerevisiae strains able to exert probiotic and antimycotoxin effects plus antibiotics resistance properties for use in animal production. S. cerevisiae LL74 and S. cerevisiae LL83 were isolated from bakery by-products intended for use in animal feed and examined for phenotypic characteristics and nutritional profile. Resistance to antibiotic, tolerance to gastrointestinal conditions, autoaggregation and coaggregation assay, antagonism to animal pathogens and aflatoxin B1 binding were studied. S. cerevisiae LL74 and S. cerevisiae LL83 showed resistance to all the antibiotics assayed (ampicillin, streptomycin, neomycin, norfloxacin, penicillin G, sulfonamide and trimethoprim). The analysis showed that exposure time to acid pH had a significant impact onto the viable cell counts onto both yeast strains. Presence of bile 0.5% increased significantly the growth of the both yeast strains. Moreover, they were able to tolerate the simulated gastrointestinal conditions assayed. In general, the coaggregation was positive whereas the autoaggregation capacity was not observed. Both strains were able to adsorb AFB1. In conclusion, selected S. cerevisiae LL74 and S. cerevisiae LL83 have potential application to be used as a biological method in animal feed as antibiotic therapy replacement in, reducing the adverse effects of AFB1 and giving probiotic properties.

Costs of healthy and unhealthy food in Argentina: 2002-2015 Viego, Valentina; Temporelli, Karina Luján; Cattáneo, Claudia Alejandra; Merino, Cecilia; Miotto, Carolina We aim to estimate prices of healthy and unhealthy baskets in Argentina in order to assess the access to good quality nutrition. We compare costs of 2 baskets; one was used in official poverty lines estimations and the other contains suggested daily intake by nutrition experts. Results show that, as expected, healthy food is more expensive than unhealthy items. Although the price gap has narrowed it is still wide and may explain part of the uptrend in obesity figures in Argentina.

Mycobacterioses in dogs and cats from Buenos Aires, Argentina Barandiaran, Soledad; Martinez Vivot, Marcela; Falzoni, Elvira María; Marfil, Maria Jimena; Pérez Tort, Gabriela; Rovatti, Paula; Fernández, Mónica; Iachini, Ricardo; Satek, Fernanda; Duchene, Adriana Graciela; Zumárraga, Martín José Mycobacterioses can produce nonspecific clinical signs in dogs and cats that make diagnosis difficult. Furthermore, the full characterization of mycobacterial agents is not always possible or practical. We characterized mycobacteria detected through cytology in 12 dogs and 7 cats with generalized clinical signs from the province of Buenos Aires in Argentina. In dogs, molecular testing confirmed the presence of Mycobacterium avium subsp. hominissuis (MAH) in 8 cases and M. fortuitum in 1 case. All dogs were Miniature Schnauzers, suggesting that this breed may be more susceptible to M. avium than other dog breeds. The cat isolates were 2 M. bovis, 1 M. fortuitum, and 1 MAH. Mycobacterial interspersed repetitive unit–variablenumber tandem repeat patterns suggested possible links with cattle, swine, and humans studied previously in Argentina. The results show that pets may act as susceptible hosts with the potential risk of transmitting the infection to humans and other animals.