On L¹ convergence of barycentric sequences of empirical measures Meson, Alejandro Mario; Vericat, Fernando In a previous article we proved a pointwise ergodic theorem for or sequences of barycentres of empirical measures which are defined from the action of Fuchsian groups and for L 2 maps valuated in CAT(0) spaces. In this note we extend this result to the L 1 -setting for maps valuated in nonpositively curved spaces.

The dicrotic notch analyzed by a numerical model Politi, Teresa; Ghigo, Arthur; Fernández, Juan Manuel Francisco; Khelifa, Ismaïl; Gaudric, Julien; Fullana, José María; Lagrée, Pierre Yves Divergent concepts on the origin of the dicrotic notch are widespread in medical literature and education. Since most medical textbooks explain the origin of the dicrotic notch as caused by the aortic valve closure itself, this is commonly transmitted in medical physiology courses. We present clinical data and numerical simulations to demonstrate that reflected pressure waves could participate as one of the causes of the dicrotic notch. Our experimental data from continuous arterial pressure measurements from adult patients undergoing vascular surgery suggest that isolated changes in peripheral vascular resistance using an intravenous bolus of phenylephrine (a selective alpha 1-receptor agonist and thus a potent vasoconstrictor) modify the dicrotic notch. We then explore the mechanisms behind this phenomenon by using a numerical model based on integrated axisymmetric Navier-Stokes equations to compute the hemodynamic flow. Our model illustrates clearly how modifications in peripheral artery resistance may result in changes in the amplitude of the dicrotic notch by modifying reflected pressure waves. We believe that this could be a useful tool in teaching medical physiology courses.

A new Anagyrus (Hymenoptera: Encyrtidae) from Argentina, parasitoid of Hypogeococcus sp. (Hemiptera: Pseudococcidae) on Harrisia pomanensis (Cactaceae) Triapitsyn, Serguei V.; Aguirre, María Belén; Logarzo, Guillermo Alejandro A new species of Anagyrus Howard (Hymenoptera: Encyrtidae), A. lapachosus sp. n., is described from Salta Province of Argentina as a parasitoid of Hypogeococcus sp. (Hemiptera: Pseudococcidae) on Harrisia pomanensis cactus (Cactaceae). It is a candidate “new association” biological control agent for quarantine evaluation and possible following introduction to Puerto Rico (USA) against another Hypogeococcus sp., commonly called the Harrisia cactus mealybug and often misidentified as H. pungens Granara de Willink (according to our unpublished data the latter attacks only Amaranthaceae), which devastates or threatens the native cacti there and also in some other Caribbean islands (Triapitsyn, Aguirre et al. 2014; Carrera-Martínez et al. 2015). Species of Anagyrus in Argentina were recently reviewed and keyed by Triapitsyn, Logarzo et al. (2014) who also described two new taxa reared in that country from Hypogeococcus spp., A. cachamai Triapitsyn, Logarzo & Aguirre and A. quilmes Triapitsyn, Logarzo & Aguirre; these were then further illustrated by Triapitsyn, Aguirre et al. (2014). All the specimens had been initially preserved in 80% ethanol; later they were dried using a critical point dryer, point-mounted, and then two females and two males were slide-mounted in Canada balsam. Terms for morphological features in the description are those of Gibson (1997). Measurements are given in micrometers (µm) as length or length: width (for the wings). An abbreviation used is: F = antennal funicle segment. Type specimens are deposited in the collections of Fundación e Instituto Miguel Lillo, San Miguel de Tucumán, Tucumán, Argentina (IMLA), Museo de La Plata, La Plata, Buenos Aires, Argentina (MLPA), and Entomology Research Museum, University of California, Riverside, California, USA (UCRC). We thank Vladimir V. Berezovskiy (UCRC) for mounting specimens and M. Andrea Saracho Bottero (Instituto Superior de Entomología “Dr. Abraham Willink” (INSUE)) for assistance in collecting. This study was funded by the USDA-APHIS (Agreement No. 34-WI-14-1001-0861-IA to FuEDEI).

Cities and methods from complexity science Balmaceda, Beatriz; Fuentes, Miguel Angel The dynamics of human society is now been studying in the context of the artificial environment created by cities. In this work, the authors describe some of the formal methods used in complexity science to study urban systems. The authors discuss some of the important quantitative approaches on cities paying attention to some of the deepest controversies in present scientific studies. The authors will stress the importance of a transdisciplinary approach when studying this type of cooperative social environments.

Neglected Tropical Protozoan Diseases: Drug Repositioning as a Rational Option Sbaraglini, Maria Laura; Vanrell, Maria Cristina; Bellera, Carolina Leticia; Benaim, Gustavo; Carrillo, Carolina; Talevi, Alan; Romano, Patricia Silvia Neglected tropical diseases represent a major sanitary problem and a huge economic burden to endemic countries, and are currently expanding to non-endemic countries owing to migration currents. Though long abandoned in the past, recent research on novel therapeutics has already started to show results. Drug repositioning is one of the prominent, more successful strategies to approach the development of new treatments for these diseases. Here we present an overview on the limitations of the current available medications to treat African trypanosomiasis, Chagas disease and Leishmaniasis, along with a review on drug candidates presently undergoing clinical trials and drug candidates identified through drug repositioning initiatives.

CFTR channel in oocytes from Xenopus laevis and its regulation by xShroom1 protein Palma, Alejandra Graciela; Galizia, Luciano; Kotsias, Basilio Aristides; Marino, Gabriela Inés Shroom is a family of related proteins linked to the actin cytoskeleton. xShroom1 is constitutively expressed in Xenopus laevis oocytes, and it is required for the expression of the epithelial sodium channel (ENaC). As there is a close relationship between ENaC and the cystic fibrosis transmembrane regulator (CFTR), we examined the action of xShroom1 on CFTR expression and activity. Biotinylation was used to measure CFTR surface expression, and currents were registered with voltage clamp when stimulated with forskolin and 3-isobutyl-1-methylxanthine. Oocytes were coinjected with CFTR complementary RNAs (cRNAs) and xShroom1 sense or antisense oligonucleotides. We observed an increment in CFTR currents and CFTR surface expression in oocytes coinjected with CFTR and xShroom1 antisense oligonucleotides. MG-132, a proteasome inhibitor, did not prevent the increment in currents when xShroom1 was suppressed by antisense oligonucleotides. In addition, we inhibited the delivery of newly synthesized proteins to the plasma membrane with BFA and we found that the half-life of plasma membrane CFTR was prolonged when coinjected with the xShroom1 antisense oligonucleotides. Chloroquine, an inhibitor of the late endosome/lysosome, did not significantly increase CFTR currents when xShroom1 expression was inhibited. The higher expression of CFTR when xShroom1 is suppressed is in concordance with the functional studies suggesting that the suppression of the xShroom1 protein resulted in an increment in CFTR currents by promoting the increase of the half-life of CFTR in the plasma membrane. The role of xShroom1 in regulating CFTR expression could be relevant in the understanding of the channel malfunction in several diseases.

Functional green-tuned proteorhodopsin from modern stromatolites Albarracín, Virginia Helena; Kraiselburd, Ivana; Bamann, Christian; Wood, Phillip G.; Bamberg, Ernst; Farias, Maria Eugenia; Gärtner, Wolfgang The sequenced genome of the poly-extremophile Exiguobacterium sp. S17, isolated from modern stromatolites at Laguna Socompa (3,570 m), a High-Altitude Andean Lake (HAAL) in Argentinean Puna revealed a putative proteorhodopsin-encoding gene. The HAAL area is exposed to the highest UV irradiation on Earth, making the microbial community living in the stromatolites test cases for survival strategies under extreme conditions. The heterologous expressed protein E17R from Exiguobacterium (248 amino acids, 85% sequence identity to its ortholog ESR from E. sibiricum) was assembled with retinal displaying an absorbance maximum at 524 nm, which makes it a member of the green-absorbing PR-subfamily. Titration down to low pH values (eventually causing partial protein denaturation) indicated a pK value between two and three. Global fitting of data from laser flash-induced absorption changes gave evidence for an early red-shifted intermediate (its formation being below the experimental resolution) that decayed (τ1 =3.5μs) into another red-shifted intermediate. This species decayed in a two-step process (τ2 =84μs, τ3 = 11 ms), to which the initial state of E17-PR was reformed with a kinetics of 2 ms. Proton transport capability of the HAAL protein was determined by BLM measurements. Additional blue light irradiation reduced the proton current, clearly identifying a blue light absorbing, M-like intermediate. The apparent absence of this intermediate is explained by closely matching formation and decay kinetics.

Experiencias institucionales en torno a la diversidad: el caso de estudiantes de profesorado en educación primaria de la provincia Salta, Argentina; Institutional experiences on diversity. For students of Primary Education Teachers in Salta Province, Argentina Sanchez, Lorena Elizabeth En las últimas décadas Argentina ha considerado central a las políticas educativas, la educación en general y la formación docente en particular son objeto de constantes debates, evaluaciones y modificaciones tendientes a la mejora. Entre otros avances y conquistas significativas se destaca la inclusión de colectivos sociales históricamente excluidos de la educación superior. En formación docente la atención a la diversidad cultural se instala como un nuevo paradigma rompiendo una histórica tradición que tendió a la homogenización cultural. De acuerdo a las últimas legislaciones todas las modalidades y carreras de profesorados tienen el desafío de atender y formar en y para el respeto por la diversidad cultural. Con la intención de conocer el sentido que estas orientaciones toman en contextos específicos, en este caso en Salta, provincia del norte de Argentina, se indagó sobre las particularidades que asume la formación docente frente a la diversidad cultural en contextos urbanos. Desde un enfoque cualitativo, y con la participación de estudiantes avanzados se reconocen las características que asume el tratamiento de la diversidad desde sus propias experiencias formativas en el profesorado. En este artículo se recuperan los resultados de la aplicación de un cuestionario a cincuenta y dos participantes. Así mismo se problematizan los componentes que conformaron estas construcciones subjetivas acerca de las funciones y rol de la formación docente según los lineamientos pasados y presentes de la política educativa.; In recent decades Argentina has considered core educational policies, education in general and teacher training in particular are the subject of ongoing discussions, evaluations and modifications aimed at improvement. Among other advances and significant gains inclusion of historically excluded social groups higher education stands out. In teacher training attention to cultural diversity it is installed as a new paradigm breaking a historical tradition that tended to cultural homogenization. According to the latest legislation all types and races professorships are challenged to meet and train and respect for cultural diversity. With the intention of knowing the sense that these guidelines take in specific contexts, in this case in Salta province in northern Argentina, was asked about the special features of teacher education to cultural diversity in urban contexts. From a qualitative approach, involving advanced students the characteristics that the treatment of diversity from their own formative experiences in the faculty are recognized. This article presents the results of a questionnaire to fifty two participants recover. Also the components that made these subjective constructions on the functions and role of teacher education as past and present educational policy guidelines are problematize.

Characterization of drying paint coatings by dynamic speckle and holographic interferometry measurements Budini, Nicolas; Mulone, C.; Balducci, N.; Vincitorio, F. M.; López, A. J.; Ramil, A. In this work we implemented dynamic speckle and holographic interferometry techniques to characterize the drying process of solvent-based paint coatings. We propose a simple way to estimate drying time by measuring speckle activity and incrementally fitting experimental data through standard regression algorithms. This allowed us predicting drying time after about 20-30 min of paint application, which is fast regarding usual times required to reach the so-called tack-free state (≈ 2 h). In turn, we used holographic interferometry to map small thickness variations of the coating surface during drying. We also demonstrate that results obtained from both techniques correlate to each other, which allows improvingthe accuracy of the drying time estimation.

How the foraging decisions of a small ruminant are influenced by past feeding experiences with low-quality food Catanese, Francisco Hernan; Distel, Roberto Alejandro; Fernandez, Paola Alejandra; Villalba, Juan Jose Feeding experiences with low-quality foods can be improved when these foods are ingested in close temporal association with foods of higher nutritional quality. However, preference for low-quality foods in nature seems to be rather insensitive to past positive experiences and more related to their intrinsic nutritional value. An explanation for this observation is still lacking, mainly because little is known about how herbivores use information about low-quality foods during foraging. Our objective was to provide original information about this issue using a small ruminant (sheep; Ovis aries) as animal model. We manipulated the sheep’s experience with a low-quality food (wheat straw) using a conditioning procedure (“oral-delay conditioning procedure”), and then we evaluated the use of this information in a simulated foraging scenario provided with wheat straw and a variable amount of a high-quality food in spatially separated feeding stations. Inclusion of wheat straw into the diet was strongly dependent on the availability of the high-quality food. We observed a threshold level in the availability of the high-quality food, which defined a zone of drastic change in the likelihood of inclusion of the wheat straw into the diet (i.e., acceptance or rejection of wheat straw). This threshold level did not change for sheep with (CS+) or without (CS-) a previous positive experience with wheat straw. However, once foraging conditions stimulated all sheep to start including the wheat straw into the diet (i.e., below the threshold level), the intake of this food was greater by CS+ sheep. This increased intake was not explained by a higher motivation to eat the wheat straw but to a greater amount of time spent foraging this food and less time spent searching for the preferred higher-quality alternative. We discuss these results based on optimal foraging models and learning models of diet selection.

miR-190 Enhances HIF-Dependent Responses to Hypoxia in Drosophila by Inhibiting the Prolyl-4-hydroxylase Fatiga de Lella Ezcurra, Ana Laura; Bertolin, Agustina Paola; Kim, Kevin; Katz, Maximiliano Javier; Gándara, Lautaro; Misra, Tvisha; Luschnig, Stefan; Perrimon, Norbert; Melani, Mariana; Wappner, Pablo Cellular and systemic responses to low oxygen levels are principally mediated by Hypoxia Inducible Factors (HIFs), a family of evolutionary conserved heterodimeric transcription factors, whose alpha- and beta-subunits belong to the bHLH-PAS family. In normoxia, HIFα is hydroxylated by specific prolyl-4-hydroxylases, targeting it for proteasomal degradation, while in hypoxia the activity of these hydroxylases decreases due to low oxygen availability, leading to HIFα accumulation and expression of HIF target genes. To identify microRNAs required for maximal HIF activity, we conducted an overexpression screen in Drosophila melanogaster, evaluating the induction of a HIF transcriptional reporter. miR-190 overexpression enhanced HIF-dependent biological responses, including terminal sprouting of the tracheal system, while in miR-190 loss of function embryos the hypoxic response was impaired. In hypoxic conditions, miR-190 expression was upregulated and required for induction of HIF target genes by directly inhibiting the HIF prolyl-4-hydroxylase Fatiga. Thus, miR-190 is a novel regulator of the hypoxia response that represses the oxygen sensor Fatiga, leading to HIFα stabilization and enhancement of hypoxic responses.

Potent inhibition of Western Equine Encephalitis virus by a fraction rich in flavonoids and phenolic acids obtained from Achyrocline satureioides Sabini, Maria Carola; Cariddi, Laura Noelia; Escobar, Franco Matias; Mañas, Fernando Javier; Comini, Laura Raquel; Iglesias, Delvis; Larrauri, Mariana; Núñez Montoya, Susana Carolina; Sereno, José; Contigiani, Marta Silvia; Cantero, Juan Jose; Sabini, Liliana Ines Achyrocline satureioides (Lam.) DC. Asteraceae, -marcela del campo-, possess several pharmacologicalproperties. Previously we reported antiviral activity of an aqueous extract of A. satureioides against analphavirus, Western Equine Encephalitis virus. Alphaviruses are highly virulent pathogens which causeencephalitis in humans and equines. There are no effective antiviral to treat its infections. The aim ofthis study was to evaluate in vitro cytotoxic and antiviral activities against Western Equine Encephalitisvirus of five water extract chromatographic fractions from A. satureioides and identify the main com-pounds of the bioactive fraction. Also, it was to assess in vivo cytogenotoxic ability of the active fraction.Cytotoxicity studies revealed low toxicity of the most of fractions in Vero and in equine peripheral bloodmononuclear cells. Antiviral studies showed that the water crude extract - Sephadex LH 20 - fraction 3MeOH-H2O (Fraction 3) was active against Western Equine Encephalitis virus with Effective Concentra-tion 50% = 5 g/ml. Selectivity Indices were 126.0 on Vero and 133.6 on peripheral blood mononuclearcells, four times higher than aqueous extract selectivity index. Regarding the mechanism of action wedemonstrated that F3 exerted its action in intracellular replication stages. Further, fraction 3 showedimportant virucidal action. Fraction 3 contains, in order of highest to lowest: chlorogenic acid, luteolin,5,7,8-trimethoxyflavone, 3-O-methylquercetin and caffeic acid. Fraction 3 did not induce in vivo toxicnor mutagenic effect. Therefore, it is safe its application as antiviral potential. Further studies of antiviralactivity in vivo will be developed using a murine model.

Temporal and spatial changes in soil micronutrients in managed Nothofagus pumilio forest of Tierra del Fuego, Argentina Mansilla, Paula Romina; Nóvoa Muñoz, Juan Carlos; Pontevedra Pombal, Xabier; Pancotto, Veronica Andrea; Gómez Aarmesto, Antía; Escobar, Julio Martin; Moretto, Alicia Susana Soil organic components are important factors in the quality and productivity of forest ecosystems. Timber harvesting reduces plant cover and the amount of organic matter in forest floor layer, increases surface runoff, soil erosion and alters microclimatic conditions over large areas. These changes can have important implications for nutrient cycling dynamics and soil organic matter mineralization. Fueguian temperate forests of Nothofagus pumilio (lenga) have been intensely harvested for the last decades, mainly by shelterwood-cut silvicultural system. Harvesting removes nutrients contained in logs from the site, modifies light, temperature and soil humidity, constraining nutrient cycling process. In this study, we evaluate available copper (Cua), zinc (Zna), iron (Fea), and manganese (Mna) concentrations and reservoirs in stands that represent a chronosequence and their respective primary forests (controls): stands cut 1 year ago, stands cut 5–10 years ago, and stands harvested more than 50 years ago. Concentrations of Zna and Cua in primary forest were 39.9 and 2.6 mg/kg, and increased in harvested sites to 60.5 and 3.2 mg/kg, respectively. Fea and Mna concentrations showed similar ranges in both harvested and control sites. Recent harvested sites showed the highest Cua concentrations. Micronutrient reservoirs showed similar ranges in both harvested and primary forests. We concluded that micronutrient availability changes at short term after forest harvesting; thus, the inclusion of soil fertility assessment in forest management plans should be incorporated to preserve the fertility of lenga forests soils and ensure sustainability.

Franz Fanon y la Subalternidad: Un relato teórico y político de Oto, Alejandro José La escritura de Frantz Fanon se revela como una cantera de ideas y desarrollos producidos en el periodo de la descolonización de mediados del siglo xx que se acerca con un vocabulario diferente al problema de la subalternidad. Lejos de un abordaje filológico del concepto, se presenta aquí una aproximación al problema que pacta con los contextos, la política y la historia. Desde esa perspectiva, los textos de Fanon son activos participantes de la discusión de los problemas de la subjetividad en el colonialismo y de los procesos descolonizadores. De este modo pretendo conectar su escritura con nuestra memoria epistémica poscolonial.; Frantz Fanon’s writing is revealed as a quarry of ideas and developments occurred during the period of decolonization of mid-twentieth century which  produces a different vocabulary about the problem of subalternity. Far from a  philological approach of the concept, what I am dealing here is about contexts, politics and history. Thus, I consider Fanon’s texts are active participants into the ongoing discussion onsubjectivity both in colonial and decolonial processes. Furthermore, I try to link such a discussion to our postcolonial epistemic memory.

Análisis comparativo sobre trabajo rural en la forestoindustria, las semilleras y la fruticultura (Argentina 2008-2011) Mastrangelo, Andrea Veronica; Trpin, Verónica Este artículo analiza transversalmente estudios de caso sobre el trabajo rural en la Argentina entre 2008 y 2011 en unidades de producción de capital concentrado: fruticultura en el Alto Valle de Río Negro, forestación en el NO de Misiones y producción de semillas de maíz transgénico en la Zona Núcleo Cerealera. La metodología aplicada fue la etnografía multisitio. Para el análisis que se presenta en este artículo se aplicó el método comparativo, que permitió establecer continuidad entre los casos sobre la base de tres estrategias empresariales: la reducción de puestos de trabajo clásico distinguiendo producción y servicios; la ambientalización de las relaciones laborales y territorios diferenciados para la producción, y el trabajo y la residencia de los trabajadores.; This paper is based on case studies done among 2008-2011, on rural labor in concentrated investments. Economic sectors studied were fruticulture in Rio Negro Upper Valley, forestry in Misiones NW, and transgenic corn seeds in Buenos Aires North. Methodology was multisited ethnography searching on different actors’ point of view. Techniques applied were in field deep interviews and participant observation. Secondary analysis by comparative method shown in this paper allows us to point out three continuity issues: Enterprises strategy to discern between “production” and “services”, reduces classic employment positions. The environmentalization of labor relationship happens by means of quality management and total quality proceedings. This relationship link work (understood as “well done job”) with productivity growth. There are different territories one related with production, the other with work and workers dwelling.

Un modelo para comprender la dinámica de los territorios rurales: El caso de la Argentina; A model for understanding the dynamics of rural territory: The case of Argentina Sili, Marcelo Enrique Los territorios rurales de América Latina, y de la Argentina en particular, han sufrido cambios profundos en lasúltimas décadas producto de transformaciones en materia productiva, demográfica y social. Los cambios soncomplejos y han dado lugar a una multiplicidad de miradas y de enfoques sobre la nueva realidad. Frente a estacreciente complejidad, se plantea la construcción de un modelo interpretativo de la realidad rural de la Argentinaque bien puede contribuir también para abordar las realidades de otros mundos rurales latinoamericanos. Elmodelo conceptual que se ofrece se construyó a partir del análisis empírico de numerosos casos de territoriosrurales de la Argentina. Dicho modelo permite comprender los complejos procesos de organización y la dinámicarural, además de constituirse en una herramienta de prognosis para la definición de políticas públicas acordesque alienten nuevas dinámicas de desarrollo rural en la Argentina.; Over the past few decades, rural territories in Latin America and in Argentina in particular have undergone profound changes as a result of production, demographic and social transformations. Changes have been complex and originated a multiplicity of approaches and points of view on the new reality. Giving this increasing complexity, the construction of a model for the interpretation of Argentina’s rural reality is proposed here, which may well contribute too to address other rural realities of Latin America. This conceptual model has been built on the basis of the empirical analysis of numerous case studies in rural territories of Argentina. The model helps to understand the complex processes of rural organization and dynamics, besides constituting itself as a prognosis tool for the definition of public policies promoting new dynamics of rural development in Argentina.

Regulación génica del sistema lactocina Lac705. Aplicación en un sistema cárneo modelo Aristimuño Ficoseco, Maria Cecilia En el presente trabajo de Tesis se determinó que los niveles de lasbacteriocinas lactocina Lac705 y antilisteria AL705, producidas por Lactobacillus curvatus CRL705, varíandurante las fases de crecimiento del microorganismo y la temperatura de incubación:a 30ºC, mientras los niveles de AL705 se detectan a partir de estadios tempranosy se incrementan conforme avanza el crecimiento exponencial, los niveles deLac705 son detectables principalmente al final de la fase exponencial ycomienzos de la fase estacionaria. Los resultados de expresión de lospromotores divergentes del operón lactocina Lac705 sugieren un controlpost-transcripcional negativo a 39◦C. Los estudios bioinformáticos permitieronidentificar la presencia de los operones sakp/q y sakt/x en el cromosoma de Lb. curvatus CRL705. Los sistemas detransporte ABC en ambos operones serían inactivos: en el operón sakp/q por lapresencia de una secuencia IS de la familia IS30, y en el operón sakt/x por lapresencia de una secuencia IS y de dos fragmentos extra de ADN no caracterizados.La mayor identidad entre las proteínas ABC, peptidasas y secuencias líderes delos prepéptidos fue observada entre los sistemas de lactocina Lac705 y sakacinaSakPQ. Los resultados sugieren que la actividad antilisteria AL705 seríaatribuible a SakP. A pesar del reordenamiento genético y la pérdida de funciónobservada en los operones sakp/q y sakt/x de Lb. survatus CRL705, los mismos muestran una identidad >97% en sussecuencias nucleotídicas con operones similares presentes en otras cepas de Lb. sakei y Lb. curvatus, lo que indica que estos genes tienen un origen comúny que se diseminan permanentemente. Un aporte muy importante de este trabajo deTesis es haber definido las condiciones experimentales para el curado de losplásmidos naturalmente presentes en Lb.curvatus CRL705. La frecuencia de pérdida del plásmido pRC18 fue del 3-5% a39ºC; la gran estabilidad de este plásmido se atribuyó a la presencia de los operones  Lac705 y toxina-antitoxina (TA). Secaracterizó el sistema TA como un sistema ?híbrido? organizado en un operón queproduce una antitoxina de 92 aminoácidos (aa), miembro de la superfamiliaYefM/Phd, y una toxina de 118 aa, de la superfamilia RelE. El sistema TAcontribuye a una mayor sensibilidad a la bacteriocina Lac705 y al antibióticobacitracina en células susceptibles. Nuestro modelo propone que el receptorpara lactocina Lac705 es la proteína de membrana UppP, fosfatasa responsable dela defosforilación del undecaprenil-pirofosfato (Upp), compuesto esencial en labiosíntesis del péptido-glicano. Los fenotipos observados en la cepa Sac7, hipersensiblea Lac705, podrían explicarse por niveles aumentados de UppP en la misma. UppPactuaría como nexo entre el complejo toxina-antitoxina y el estrés generado porla unión de Lac705 a la fosfatasa o de la bacitracina a Upp; esto llevaría a unadegradación de la antitoxina dejando libre la toxina libre, la cual ejercerá suefecto tóxico a nivel intracelular. Así, el efecto de lactocina Lac705 seríapotenciado por la activación de la toxina del sistema TA, lo que ejercería unapotente presión selectiva contra células curadas de pRC18.

Los Museos De Montaña De Reinhold Messner Identidad, Turismo Y Sustentabilidad En Los Alpes De Sud Tirol Ceruti, Maria Constanza El presente trabajo describe un conjunto de museos de montaña emplazados en los Alpes Orientales y las Dolomitas, analizando su vinculación con la educación para la sustentabilidad, la identidad, el patrimonio cultural y el turismo en Sud Tirol. Se aborda la inserción de los Museos de Montaña en el paisaje tirolés teniendo en cuenta su emplazamiento y su importancia en el desarrollo sustentable de las comunidades que los albergan. La museografía y las colecciones se analizan en función de su papel en la construcción de la identidad regional y en la educación para la valoración y preservación del patrimonio cultural y natural de la montaña, tanto a escala local como universal. Para la realización de esta investigación la autora recorrió seis establecimientos que forman la red de los Messner Mountain Museum (MMM) y mantuvo entrevistas con su director, el Sr. Reinhold Messner, considerado por muchos como el más destacado alpinista de la historia.; This paper describes a group of mountain museums set amidst the Eastern Alps and the Dolomites, considering their significance for the cultural identity, heritage education and sustainable tourism in South Tirol. The importance of the Mountain Museums is analyzed in connection to their setting and to the development of the communities in the area. The exhibits are analyzed considering their role in the construction of a regional identity and in the education towards the appreciation and preservation of the natural and cultural heritage of mountains, locally and worldwide. For the purpose of this research, the author visited the six buildings belonging to the net of the Messner Mountain Museum and she conversed with the director, Mr. Reinhold Messner, who is often credited as the most remarkable alpinist in history.

La marca Viva Jujuy! Construcción de la identidad gráfica de una provincia turística; Brand Viva Jujuy! Representations and graphic identity of a touristy province Bergesio, Liliana del Carmen; Scalone, Lucía Beatriz La marca Viva Jujuy! actualmente representa, en términos gráficos, a la provincia de Jujuy (noroeste de Argentina) y es utilizada por la Secretaría de Turismo y Cultura de la Provincia en todas sus apariciones en los medios de comunicación. Su surgimiento se remite a una convocatoria de un concurso impulsado por esta misma Secretaría como paso primordial para la instalación de sus destinos turísticos en el marco de la postulación de la región de la Quebrada de Humahuaca como Patrimonio de la Humanidad ante la Organización de las Naciones Unidas para la Educación, la Ciencia y la Cultura (UNESCO).En este trabajo se describirá el proceso por el cual se seleccionó este isologotipo para luego realizar un análisis técnico/formal que permita comprender a esta marca en su complejidad en tanto producto cultural. De manera complementaria se analizan las representaciones e imaginarios que distintos actores sociales construyen en torno a la identidad gráfica de la provincia. Para ello, se realizaron encuestas semiestructuradas a turistas y pobladores de Jujuy que procuran cubrir distintos grupos etarios, sexuales, de niveles de instrucción, lugares de residencia y relación vincular con la actividad turística, para así poder reconocer cuáles son los rasgos identificatorios que distintos sectores provinciales, nacionales e internacionales destacan para Jujuy.; The brand Viva Jujuy! currently represents graphically to the province of Jujuy (northwestern Argentina) and it is used by the Ministry of Tourism and Culture of the Province in all its appearances in the mass media. Its origin refers to a launching for a competition by the same Secretary as a fundamental step for the installation of its touristy destinations in the context of the application of the region of the Quebrada de Humahuaca as a World Heritage Site to the United Nations Educational, Scientific and Cultural Organization (UNESCO). This paper will describe the process by which this isologotype was selected to carry out a technical/formal analysis that allows the understanding of the brand in its complexity as a cultural product. Complementarily, we analyze representations and imaginary that different social actors build around the graphic identity of the province. To achieve this, semi-structured surveys were conducted among tourists and residents of Jujuy seeking to cover different ages, sex groups, levels of instruction, places of residence and relationship link with tourism, in order to recognize what the identifying the identifying features that different sectors provincial, national and international stand to Jujuy.

Primer reporte de Sweet potato leaf curl virus en las provincias de Córdoba y Santiago del Estero de Argentina Martino, Julia Andrea; Di Feo, Liliana del Valle; Rodríguez-Pardina, Patricia Elsa La superficie con batata en Argentina experimentó notable reducción, causada por virosis que ocasionan daños en todas las regiones productoras, debido al intercambio indiscriminado de material de propagación y consiguiente ingreso de virus antes no citados, tales como los begomovirus de batata (sweepovirus), recientemente caracterizados en Bella Vista, Corrientes. En este trabajo, se analizaron secuencias parciales del genoma de dos aislamientos del Centro de Argentina, con las de uno previamente caracterizado en nuestro país (Bella Vista) y con las de otros begomovirus citados globalmente. Ambos aislamientos mostraron 97-99% de identidad de nucleótidos con Sweet potato leaf curl virus, de Bella Vista (JQ349087.1), por lo que según lo establecido por el International Committee on Virus Taxonomy (ICTV), ambos pertenecen a la misma raza. Sin embargo, es la primera vez que se caracteriza a este patogéno en la provincia de Córdoba y Santiago del Estero, Argentina; por lo que este trabajo es un aporte al esclarecimiento del complejo panorama de virosis en cultivo de batata en nuestro país.; The surface with sweet potato in Argentina experienced a significant reduction produced by an important loss of yield due to virus diseases. The introduction of virus, such as sweepoviruses (sweet potato begomoviruses), is generally caused by the indiscriminate exchange of propagation material between different regions. In this paper we analyzed partial sequences of the genome of two begomovirus isolates collected in the Central región of Argentina. These sequences were compared with those of one previously characterized in our country (Bella Vista) (JQ349087.1), and with other begomoviruses cited globally. Both isolates showed 97-99% homology with Sweet potato leaf curl virus, Bella Vista, so that according to what is established by the International Committee on Virus Taxonomy (ICTV), both isolates belong to the same strain. However, this is the first time that this pathogen is characterized in Cordoba and Santiago del Estero, Argentina; so this work is a contribution to the elucidation of the complex panorama of viruses in of sweet potatoes crops in our country.