The Dengue Virus NS5 Protein Intrudes in the Cellular Spliceosome and Modulates Splicing de Maio, Federico Andres; Risso, Guillermo; Iglesias, Nestor Gabriel; Shah, Priya; Pozzi, María Berta; Gebhard, Leopoldo German; Mammi, Pablo Andrés; Mancini, Estefania; Yanovsky, Marcelo Javier; Andino, Raul; Krogan, Nevan; Srebrow, Anabella; Gamarnik, Andrea Vanesa Dengue virus NS5 protein plays multiple functions in the cytoplasm of infected cells, enabling viral RNA replication and counteracting host antiviral responses. Here, we demonstrate a novel function of NS5 in the nucleus where it interferes with cellular splicing. Using global proteomic analysis of infected cells together with functional studies, we found that NS5 binds spliceosome complexes and modulates endogenous splicing as well as minigene-derived alternative splicing patterns. In particular, we show that NS5 alone, or in the context of viral infection, interacts with core components of the U5 snRNP particle, CD2BP2 and DDX23, alters the inclusion/exclusion ratio of alternative splicing events, and changes mRNA isoform abundance of known antiviral factors. Interestingly, a genome wide transcriptome analysis, using recently developed bioinformatics tools, revealed an increase of intron retention upon dengue virus infection, and viral replication was improved by silencing specific U5 components. Different mechanistic studies indicate that binding of NS5 to the spliceosome reduces the efficiency of pre-mRNA processing, independently of NS5 enzymatic activities. We propose that NS5 binding to U5 snRNP proteins hijacks the splicing machinery resulting in a less restrictive environment for viral replication.

Does type of substratum affects chironomid larvae assemblage composition? A study in a river catchment in Northern Patagonia, Argentina Mauad, Melina; Siri, Augusto; Donato, Mariano Humberto Chironomid larvae assemblages were investigated at seven sampling stations in relation to stream habitat type in the Challhuaco-Ñireco river system located in the Nahuel Huapi National Park, in the North-Western part of Rio Negro Province, Argentina. A total of 2229 individuals were sampled and 43 Chironomidae taxa were recorded with Orthocladiinae (29) being the best represented subfamily, followed by Diamesinae (5), Tanypodinae (3), Podonominae (3) and Chironominae (3). Stictocladius spF, Cricotopus (Paratrichocladius) sp6, Cricotopus sp2, Cricotopus sp3 and Parapsectrocladius sp2 were the most abundant taxa. Sites near the source of the river system were dominated by Podonomus sp, Limnophyes sp, Parapsectrocladius sp and Stictocladius spF; whereas sites close to the river mouth were dominated by Diamesinae sp5 and Cricotopus sp. Rank/abundance plots show that all the analyzed sites displayed dominance of some species. Stictocladius spF, Cricotopus sp2, Cricotopus sp3, Cricotopus (Paratrichocladius) sp6, Parapsectrocladius sp and Limnophyes sp resulted as dominant species, or being part of a group of dominant species, at least in one sample. Eleven taxa were associated with habitats related with riffle areas and stable substrates with filamentous algae. Species environment relationships were examined using Ordination Analysis. Elevation was the most significant environmental variable that explained 22% of the total variability of the chironomid assemblages, showing stronger relationships among sites within an altitudinal gradient than among habitat type. Abundance of chironomids increased from headwaters to the outflow in Nahuel Huapi Lake responding to an altitude gradient as well as some environmental factors such as coarse matter and nutrient concentrations.

Regulation of eosinophilia and allergic airway inflammation by the glycan-binding protein galectin-1 Ge, Xiao Na; Ha, Sung Gil; Greenberg, Yana G.; Rao, Amrita; Bastan, Idil; Blidner, Ada Gabriela; Rao, Savita P.; Rabinovich, Gabriel Adrián; Sriramarao, P. Galectin-1 (Gal-1), a glycan-binding protein with broad antiinflammatory activities, functions as a proresolving mediator in autoimmune and chronic inflammatory disorders. However, its role in allergic airway inflammation has not yet been elucidated. We evaluated the effects of Gal-1 on eosinophil function and its role in a mouse model of allergic asthma. Allergen exposure resulted in airway recruitment of Gal-1-expressing inflammatory cells, including eosinophils, as well as increased Gal-1 in extracellular spaces in the lungs. In vitro, extracellular Gal-1 exerted divergent effects on eosinophils that were N-glycan- And dose-dependent. At concentrations ≤0.25 μM, Gal-1 increased eosinophil adhesion to vascular cell adhesion molecule-1, caused redistribution of integrin CD49d to the periphery and cell clustering, but inhibited ERK(1/2) activation and eotaxin-1-induced migration. Exposure to concentrations ≥1 μM resulted in ERK(1/2)- dependent apoptosis and disruption of the F- Actin cytoskeleton. At lower concentrations, Gal-1 did not alter expression of adhesion molecules (CD49d, CD18, CD11a, CD11b, L-selectin) or of the chemokine receptor CCR3, but decreased CD49d and CCR3 was observed in eosinophils treated with higher concentrations of this lectin. In vivo, allergen-challenged Gal-1-deficient mice exhibited increased recruitment of eosinophils and CD3+ T lymphocytes in the airways as well as elevated peripheral blood and bone marrow eosinophils relative to corresponding WT mice. Further, these mice had an increased propensity to develop airway hyperresponsiveness and displayed significantly elevated levels of TNF-α in lung tissue. This study suggests that Gal-1 can limit eosinophil recruitment to allergic airways and suppresses airway inflammation by inhibiting cell migration and promoting eosinophil apoptosis.

Synthesis and Physicochemical Properties of Polyacrylamide Nanoparticles as Photosensitizer Carriers Gualdesi, María Soledad; Alvarez Igarzabal, Cecilia Ines; Vara, Jimena; Ortiz, Cristina Susana At present, polyacrylamide nanoparticles are attractive to drug delivery. However, some physicochemical characteristics of these nanoparticles still need to be further improved in practice. Polyacrylamide nanoparticles with an average size of 80 nm and a zeta potential of 30 mV were synthesized and used as photosensitizer carriers. The new monobrominated derivatives and parent compounds were the photosensitizers for the photodynamic therapy loaded in the nanocarrier. The physicochemical characterization of the prepared nanoparticles, drug loading, the ability to generate singlet oxygen and chemical stability were investigated. The novel tested nanoparticles exhibited a loading percentage of between 80 and 99%, higher generation of singlet oxygen and good stability in comparison with the corresponding starting reagent. According to these results, the novel polyacrylamide nanoparticles are excellent candidates for drug vehiculization.

Influence of pejerrey Odontesthes bonariensis (Valenciennes, 1835) broodstock age on gamete quality, reproductive performance and plasma sex steroid levels during the spawning season Chalde, Tomás; Garriz, Angela; Sanches, Eduardo A.; Miranda, Leandro Andres This study evaluated the effect of pejerrey Odontesthes bonariensis (Valenciennes, 1835) broodstock age on gamete and spawning quality and its relationship with sex steroid plasma levels. Sperm was analysed using a computer-assisted sperm analysis CASA) developed for pejerrey. Semen samples were taken from all fish from mid age groups (5- and 7-year fish), but it was not possible to obtain stripped semen samples from all fish of younger (3-year) or older (10-year) groups. The highest relative sperm weight and sperm concentration were recorded in 5- and 7-year groups respectively, while viability was not different between age groups. It was not possible to identify an effect of age on sperm quality by CASA. Nonviable spawned eggs were obtained in the 3-year group and, the relative fecundity and the relative number of fertilized eggs decreased with age in other groups. Fertilization and hatching rates showed the highest values in the 10-year group. However, the estimated number of hatched larvae was similar in 5-, 7- and 10-year fish. A clear effect of age on 11 ketotestosterone (11-KT) and estradiol (E2) levels was identified, with the highest values in the 5- and 7-year groups. These results might be related to the onset of puberty in the 3- year group and ageing in the 10-year group. Considering that the estimated number of larvae obtained was similar among age groups, the results of this study suggest that broodstock maintenancecost could be reduced by using mid-age fish rather than older fish in pejerrey hatcheries.

Domain wall interactions due to vacuum Dirac field fluctuations in 2+1 dimensions Fosco, Cesar Daniel; Mazzitelli, Francisco Diego We evaluate quantum effects due to a two-component Dirac field in 2+1 spacetime dimensions, coupled to domain-wall-like defects with a smooth shape. We show that these effects induce nontrivial contributions to the (shape-dependent) energy of the domain walls. For a single defect, we study the divergences in the corresponding self-energy, and also consider the role of the massless zero mode - corresponding to the Callan-Harvey mechanism - by coupling the Dirac field to an external gauge field. For two defects, we show that the Dirac field induces a nontrivial, Casimir-like effect between them, and we provide an exact expression for that interaction in the case of two straight-line parallel defects. As is the case for the Casimir interaction energy, the result is finite and unambiguous.

Highly crystalline LiCuXFe1-XPO4 nanoparticles synthesized by high temperature thermal decomposition: A morphological and electrical transport study Martinez, Pablo Sergio; Ruiz, Fabricio Carlos; Curiale, Carlos Javier; Vasquez Mansilla, Marcelo; Zysler, Roberto Daniel; Dada, L.; Moreno, Mario Sergio Jesus; Rodriguez, Luis Miguel; Fregenal, Daniel Eduardo; Bernardi, Guillermo Carlos; Lima, Enio Junior In this work, we report the morphological and electrical characterization of highly crystalline LiCuxFe1-xPO4 nanoparticles synthesized via the high-temperature (380 °C) thermal decomposition of organometallic precursors. The mean diameter of the studied nanoparticles was 30–40 nm. The Cu/Fe relations of 0, 0.001 and 0.042 for the three studied samples were obtained via particle-induced x-ray emission spectroscopy. Crystallographic and morphological studies were performed using x-ray diffraction, transmission electron microscopy and high-resolution transmission electron microscopy techniques. We investigated the effects of incorporating copper on the electric transport properties of this highly crystalline nanometric system using impedance spectroscopy and DC transport techniques. The experimental evidence allowed us to conclude that in the frequency range f   <  1 kHz the transport is dominated by the diffusion of Li and the presence of Cu atoms in the systems hinders this transport mechanism, despite the high crystallinity of the system.

A new species of arboreal rat, genus Oecomys (Rodentia, Cricetidae) from Chaco Pardiñas, Ulises Francisco J.; Teta, Pablo Vicente; Jorge Salazar Bravo; Myers, Phil; Galliari, Carlos Alberto A new species of rodent is added to the highly diverse genus Oecomys (Cricetidae, Sigmodontinae, Oryzomyini)based on specimens collected in the Argentinian provinces of Chaco and Formosa. The new species ischaracterized by a derived carotid circulatory pattern, a feature shared with O. concolor, O. mamorae, and O. sydandersoni. A unique combination of morphological, morphometric, and molecular characters, however,provides unambiguous evidence of its validity as a separate entity. Individuals of the new species are larger thanother representatives of Oecomys, and their skulls have wide and cuneate interorbital regions with well-developedsupraorbital shelves, long incisive foramina, long palates, absent alisphenoid struts, and broad Eustachian tubes.This new Oecomys appears to be endemic to the Humid Chaco, an ecoregion listed as Vulnerable due to thehuman impact. Preliminary observations suggest that several specimens from Eastern Paraguay and the BrazilianPantanal could also be assigned to the new species described herein.; Una nueva especie es adicionada al altamente diverso género de roedores Oecomys (Cricetidae, Sigmodontinae, Oryzomyini), sobre la base de especímenes coleccionados en las provincias Argentinas de Chaco y Formosa. La nueva especie se caracteriza por un patrón de circulación carotídea derivado, un rasgo compartido con O. concolor, O. mamorae y O. sydandersoni. Sin embargo, la combinación única de caracteres morfológicos, morfométricos y moleculares provee evidencia inequívoca sobre su validez como una entidad separada. Individuos de la nueva especie son de mayor tamaño en comparación con otros Oecomys y sus cráneos tienen una región interorbitaria ancha y acuñada con plataformas supraorbitarias bien desarrolladas, forámenes incisivos largos, paladares largos, ausencia de las barras alisfenoideas y tubos de Eustaquio anchos. Este nuevo Oecomys parece ser endémico del Chaco Húmedo, una ecorregión considerada como Vulnerable debido al impacto antrópico. Observaciones preliminares sugieren que varios especímenes de Paraguay Oriental y del Pantanal Brasilero podrían también ser asignados a la nueva especie aquí descrita.

The metastasis inducer CCN1 (CYR61) activates the fatty acid synthase (FASN)-driven lipogenic phenotype in breast cancer cells Menendez, Javier A.; Vellón, Luciano; Espinoza, Ingrid; Lupu, Ruth The angiogenic inducer CCN1 (Cysteine-rich 61, CYR61) is differentially activated in metastatic breast carcinomas. However, little is known about the precise mechanisms that underlie the pro-metastatic actions of CCN1. Here, we investigated the impact of CCN1 expression on fatty acid synthase (FASN), a metabolic oncogene thought to provide cancer cells with proliferative and survival advantages. Forced expression of CCN1 in MCF-7 cells robustly up-regulated FASN protein expression and also significantly increased FASN gene promoter activity 2- to 3-fold, whereas deletion of the sterol response element-binding protein (SREBP) binding site in the FASN promoter completely abrogated CCN1-driven transcriptional activation. Pharmacological blockade of MAPK or PI-3´K activation similarly prevented the ability of CCN1 to induce FASN gene activation. Pharmacological inhibition of FASN activity with the mycotoxin cerulenin or the small compound C75 reversed CCN1-induced acquisition of estrogen independence and resistance to hormone therapies such as tamoxifen and fulvestrant in anchorage-independent growth assays. This study uncovers FASNdependent endogenous lipogenesis as a new mechanism controlling the metastatic phenotype promoted by CCN1. Because estrogen independence and progression to a metastatic phenotype are hallmarks of therapeutic resistance and mortality in breast cancer, this previously unrecognized CCN1-driven lipogenic phenotype represents a novel metabolic target to clinically manage metastatic disease progression.

Composition dependence of the Néel temperature and the entropy of the magnetic transition in the fcc phase of Fe-Mn and Fe-Mn-Co alloys la Roca, Paulo Matías; Marinelli, P.; Baruj, Alberto Leonardo; Sade Lichtmann, Marcos Leonel; Fernandez Guillermet, Armando Jorge A key feature of the fcc-to-hcp martensitic transformation (MT) in Fe-Mn based alloys is that the fcc structure is strongly stabilized by a paramagnetic-to-antiferromagnetic ordering reaction, which partially or completely inhibits the MT. In order to treat this phenomenon in thermodynamic terms it is necessary to account for the composition dependence of the Néel temperature (TN) of the alloy and the entropy change (ΔSmg) associated to the loss of the antiferromagnetic ordering. In the present work the composition dependence of these properties in Fe-Mn and Fe-Mn-Co alloys have been established by performing systematic measurements of the heat capacity. The current results are critically compared with experimental data from the literature, as well as estimates and correlations based on previous analyses by the present authors. The relevance of the reported data for the understanding of the fcc-to-hcp MT in the Fe-Mn and Fe-Mn-Co alloys is highlighted.

Omisión de cuestión esencial y contrafácticos Cucatto, Mariana; Sosa, Toribio Enrique Una cuestión omitida es unacuestión no tratada expresamente peroque debió tratarse de ese modo; y paracorroborar si una cuestión omitida esesencial, debe detectarse al menosla existencia de un contrafáctico: si hipotética e imaginariamente se la hubiera tratado expresamente -que en la realidad no lo fue-, entonces habría podido arribarse a un desenlace diferente -del que en la realidad fue-. SUMARIO: I. Noción de cuestión. II. Detección y ordenamiento de cuestiones. III. Desplazamiento de cuestiones. IV. Desplazamiento y omisión de cuestiones. V. Cuestión de tratamiento expreso omitido como cuestión decidida "por no". VI. Breve caracterización de los contrafácticos. VII. Omisión de cuestión esencial y contrafácticos. VIII. Los contrafácticos en algunos precedentes. IX. Síntesis final.

Peronismo, dictadura y universidades privadas en la Argentina de los años 70; Peronism, dictatorship and private universities in Argentina of the 1970s Algañaraz Soria, Victor Hugo A partir del análisis de normativas universitarias, bibliografía especializada y fundamentalmente fuentes documentales y testimoniales, este artículo aborda la trama del sector universitario privado durante el complejo interregno que significaron los años setentas para la historia reciente Argentina. Observaremos que tras el reingreso del peronismo al poder del Estado en 1973, la alta sustentabilidad adquirida por el sector en años anteriores fue puesta en jaque: conflictos estudiantiles, intervenciones políticas y un crecimiento institucional refrenado, fueron algunos de sus rasgos distintivos. En cuanto a la última dictadura militar (1976-1983), abrió una contradictoria etapa de desarrollo para las universidades privadas. Pese a la alternancia de católicos conservadores en el área educativa y al sesgo privatista identificado como un hito del modelo económico implementado, el sector privado resultó contraído en el marco del avasallamiento más brutal del sistema universitario en su conjunto. Sin embargo, algunas universidades católicas resultaron beneficiadas con importantes estímulos económicos.; Drawing from the analysis of university regulations, specialized literature and mainly documentary and testimonial sources, this paper addresses the weft of the private university sector during the complex interregnum that meant the seventies years for Argentina's recent history. We´ll observe that after the reentry of Peronism to power State in 1973, the high sustainability acquired by the sector in previous years was put in check: student conflicts, political interventions and a restrained institutional growth, were some of its distinctive features. Regarding the last military dictatorship (1976-1983), opened a contradictory stage of development for private universities. Despite the alternating of conservative catholics in educative area and privatizing slant identified as a milestone of the implemented economic model, the private sector was contracted under the most brutal subjugation of the university system as a whole. However, some catholic universities were benefited with important economic stimulus.

In vivo measurement of fluoride effects on glucose homeostasis: an explanation for the decrease in intelligence quotient and insulin resistance induced by fluoride Lombarte, Mercedes; Fina, Brenda Lorena; Lupión, Patricia Melina; Lupo, Maela; Rigalli, Alfredo The fluoride ion (F) is a disturbing substance for the glucose-insulinsystem. The effects of F have been studied in various aspects. The chronic intake ofF generates hyperglycaemia with high plasma insulin levels. This effect is observedin several countries where the content of fluoride in drinking water is greater than theupper limit recommended by WHO (1.5 mg/L). The administration of a dose of Fcauses a decrease of insulin levels, which was attributed to a decrease in insulinsecretion through in vitro experiments. However, measurement of insulin secretionin vivo has not been done so far. Moreover, in endemic fluorosis areas children hadlower intelligence quotient (IQ) than children of areas with low F in drinking water.This decrease in IQ has also been observed in rats. In this work, the glucose uptakerate of insulin-independent tissues, insulin secretion, and insulin clearances weremeasured in vivo in rats that received a dose of F. A lower secretion and clearance ofinsulin were found in animals that received F. In addition, a decrease in glucoseuptake rate from insulin-independent tissues was observed. This glucose uptake ismainly the glucose consumed by the nervous system. As a consequence, thisdecrease could be associated with the effect of fluoride on IQ.

School Cluster policy in Portugal: elements of the sociology of organizations for the study of a new normative model of school organization; Política de Agrupamiento Escolar en Portugal: elementos de la sociología de las organizaciones para investigar un nuevo modelo normativo de organización escolar; Política de Agrupamento Escolar em Portugal: elementos da sociologia das organizações para investigar um novo modelo normativo de organização escolar Bocchio, María Cecilia This article presents results of a doctoral thesis framed in the Portuguese educational policy of School Clusters (SC). Since 2010, the SC represents a new regulatory model of school organization that brings together multiple schools, at all levels of compulsory education and located in geographic proximity. Specifically, this research approaches this policy enactment in an SC located in Lisbon. The theoretical and methodological approach of the study is based on the contributions that Erhard Friedberg developed within the framework of the sociology of organizations. The publication is divided in two sections. First, the article introduces the SC policy and research carried out for this article. Then, the second section addresses Friedberg’s core conceptual categories. His concept of Concrete Action System allows analyzing through which actors and how the action is organized in the fictitiously named SC Margin. It is intended to show the potential that the sociology of organizations has for research in education policy, particularly in the study of complex regulatory processes of educational policies that occur in educational institutions.; Este artículo recoge resultados de una tesis doctoral que se enmarca en la política educativa portuguesa de Agrupamiento Escolar (AE). Desde el año 2010 el AE constituye un nuevo modelo normativo de organización escolar que nuclea a múltiples escuelas, de todos los niveles de enseñanza obligatoria, localizadas en relativa proximidad geográfica. Concretamente, en la investigación desarrollada se aborda la “puesta en acto” o enactment de esta política en un AE localizado en Lisboa. El enfoque teórico-metodológico del estudio se basa en los aportes que Erhard Friedberg desarrolla en el marco de la sociología de las organizaciones. La publicación se estructura a partir de una introducción a la política de AE y a la investigación desarrollada. Seguidamente, se abordan algunas de las principales categorías conceptuales de Friedberg, cuyo concepto de Sistema de Acción Concreto posibilita analizar cómo, y a través de qué actores, se organiza la acción en el ficticiamente denominado AE Margen. Se pretende mostrar las potencialidades que la sociología de las organizaciones posee para la investigación en política educacional, concretamente para el estudio de los complejos procesos de regulación de las políticas que acontecen en las instituciones educativas.; Este artigo apresenta resultados de uma tese de doutoramento que se enquadra na política educativa portuguesa de Agrupamento Escolar (AE). Desde 2010 o AE representa um novo modelo normativo de organização escolar que reúne várias escolas de todos os níveis de escolaridade obrigatória, e têm relativa proximidade geográfica. Nesta pesquisa trabalha-se, específicamente, a atuação (enactment) desta política em um AE de Lisboa. A abordagem teórica e metodológica do estudo recolhe as contribuições que Erhard Friedberg desenvolve no âmbito da sociologia das organizações. Em primeiro lugar se introduz à política de AE e é descrita a investigação desenvolvida; em segundo lugar são apresentadas algumas das principais categorias conceituais de Friedberg, cujo conceito de Sistema de Acção Concreta permite analisar como e através de quais atores a ação é organizada no, ficticiamente nomeado, AE Margem. O objetivo do presente trabalho é analisar o potencial da sociologia das organizações para a investigação em política educacional, particularmente para o estudo dos complexos processos regulatórios das políticas que acontecem em instituições de ensino.

Evaluation of chlorpyrifos tolerance and degradation by no-toxigenic Aspergillus section Flavi strains isolated from agricultural soils Carranza, Cecilia Soledad; Aluffi, Melisa Egle; Barberis, Carla Lorena; Magnoli, Carina Elizabeth This study was conducted to evaluate the in vitro tolerance, utilization and degradation of chlorpyrifos by no-toxigenic Aspergillus section Flavi strains natives of agricultural soils. The tolerance assay showed that all strains were able to grow at the highest insecticide concentration (700 mg L-1). In media supplied with chlorpyrifos, the highest values of growth rate were observed in the full Czapek Dox medium (CZ) (7.2 to 8 mm day-1) and the lowest values were registered in the medium where the insecticide replaced the carbon source (CZC) (3.6 to 4.4 mm day-1). In media where the insecticide replaced the nitrogen (CZN) and phosphorous (CZP) source, the values of growth rate were significantly higher than in CZC and lower than in CZ. Degradation assays showed that the degradation percentage was 75% at 0.98 and 0.95 of water activity, in all concentrations (1753, 3506 and 7012 mg L-1). A fast decrease of chlorpyrifos was observed within the first day of incubation, and then the biodegradation rate decreased over time. This study provides evidence on the effective growth ability and degradation of no-toxigenic Aspergillus section Flavi in presence of high chlorpyrifos concentrations and under optimal growth conditions (aW and temperature).

Effect of Water Stress during the Spike Growth Period on Wheat Yield in Contrasting Weather Cantarero, Marcelo Gabriel; Abbate, Pablo Eduardo; Balzarini, Monica Graciela The effect of water deficit on spring wheat yield (Triticum aestivum L.) was analyzed focusing on crop growth and dry weight partitioning during the spike growth period (SGP). Two levels of water availability (rainfed and irrigated) were tested in two locations (Córdoba and Balcarce, Argentina). The degree of source limitation for grain filling was greater under rainfed conditions (12%) than under irrigation (5%); however, water stress affected yield by 40% (mean of all experiments), mainly through grain number m-2 (GN) rather than by differences in weight per grain. The decrease in GN due to water stress was associated with spikes dry weight (SDW = total spikes weight ? grain weight) measured 7 days after anthesis, but some additional experiment effect was detected on GN. Analysis of different weather variables showed the vapor pressure deficit (VPDX) as the one that best explained GN deviations. A model for GN estimation with or without water stress, was developed including the effect of water stress on SDW reduction ( ΔSDW ), where H represents no waterstress:GN  4878  51 SDWH  max  10  91 VPDX, 51  ΔSDW (R =0.93).The SDW was analyzed as the product between spike growth rate (SGR) and the spike growth period (SGP) duration. SGP duration was not affected by water level, but anthesis date was up to 9 days earlier under water stress in Córdoba. SGR was more associated with crop growth rate (CGR) than with assimilates partition to spikes, and this effect increased when CGR was reduced. CGR was associated with the amount of intercepted photosynthetic active radiation during the SGP but not with the radiation use efficiency. Thus, GN was affected for both water stress reducing the availability of assimilates for spike growth and VPDX of each environment.

Relaciones entre el conocimiento conceptual y el procedimental en el aprendizaje de las fracciones; Relationships between conceptual and procedural knowledge in fractions learning Andrés, María Laura; Canet Juric, Lorena; Introzzi, Isabel Maria; Stelzer, Florencia; Urquijo, Sebastian El objetivo de este trabajo fue analizar las relaciones entre el conocimiento conceptual y el procedimental de las fracciones durante su aprendizaje. Para esto se efectuó una búsqueda bibliográfica en las bases de datos ERIC, PsycInfo, Scielo y Redalyc, con los siguientes términos en español y sus equivalentes en inglés: fracciones (fractions), conocimiento conceptual (conceptual knowledge), conocimiento procedimental (procedural knowledge) y niños (children), combinados de diferente forma con el operador booleano AND (Y). Los resultados de esta búsqueda permitieron hallar quince artículos empíricos que pueden clasificarse en cuatro grupos de investigaciones: las que indican una relación bidireccional, las que sugieren una relación unidireccional, las que muestran cierta independencia o restricciones en su vinculación y, por último, las que señalan que las relaciones varían según los sujetos. Esta falta de acuerdo podría explicarse por ciertas diferencias metodológicas de los estudios, por ejemplo, diferencias en el grado de consolidación del conocimiento de las fracciones de los participantes, el sentido conceptual o la habilidad procedimental estudiada, el tipo de enseñanza matemática recibida, etc. Por ello se sugiere que, para profundizar la comprensión de las relaciones entre el conocimiento conceptual y procedimental de las fracciones, estos aspectos metodológicos deben ser controlados.; The aim of this study was to analyze the relationship between conceptual knowledge and procedural knowledge of fractions during learning. For this propose, a literature search was conducted in the databases of ERIC, PsycINFO, Scielo and Redalyc, using the following terms in English and their equivalent word in Spanish: Fractions (fracciones), conceptual knowledge (conocimiento conceptual), procedural knowledge (conocimiento procedimental) and children (niños). The terms were combined in different ways using the Boolean operator AND. The results of this search produced fifteen empirical articles that can be classified into four research groups: those that indicate a bidirectional relationship, those that suggest unidirectional relationship, those that showed some independence or restrictions on their relationship and those stating that relationships vary according to subjects. This lack of agreement could be explained by some methodological differences among studies, for example, differences in the consolidation degree of fraction knowledge of the participants, the conceptual sense or procedural ability studied, the type of mathematical education received, etc. Therefore, so as to deepen the understanding of the relationship between conceptual and procedural knowledge of fractions, we suggest that such methodological aspects should be controlled.

La representación violenta de reivindicaciones territoriales y acciones colectivas: claves para el análisis de los discursos del pueblo mapuche y de la prensa nacional (1995-2015); Violent representations of territorial claims and collective actions: Keys to analyzing the speech ofthemapuche people and national media (1995-2015) Aguirre, Carla Sabrina Este trabajo se propone analizar posibles orígenes de un discurso, dentro de la sociedad hegemónica en el plano nacional, y del campo mapuche en el plano provincial, que vincula las reivindicaciones territoriales mapuche a una representación violenta de las acciones colectivas. Esto permite interrogarnos acerca de los términos en los cuales se dan las “batallas culturales” ligadas a las reivindicaciones territoriales. Así, mientras los discursos en disputa dentro del campo mapuche se trenzan en una batalla por la legitimidad de métodos y las estrategias de acciones colectivas, el discurso elaborado por el diario nacional seleccionado (La Nación) se puede a su vez dividir en tipologías específicas que se solapan en el tiempo.; This paper intends to analyze possible origins of a speech that links territorial mapuche claims to violent collective actions, in hegemonic society in a national level (national newspaper), and the mapuche political field, in a provincial level. This allows us to ask ourselves about the terms in which “cultural battles”, related to territorial claims, are given. While unmatching speeches inside the mapuche political field battle for the legitimation of methods and strategies for collective actions, the speech of the chosen national newspaper (La Nación) can, itself, be divided into three specific types of speech, that coexist in time.

La Psicopedagogía en el ámbito escolar. ¿Qué y cómo representan los docentes la intervención psicopedagógica?; Psychopedagogy at schools: how do the teachers represent the psychopedagogy intervention? Messi, Lucila; Rossi, Beatriz; Ventura, Ana Clara Este trabajo explora las representaciones docentes sobre la intervención psicopedagógica en ambientes educativos. Se diseñó un estudio descriptivo basado en encuestas elaboradas ad hoc. Participaron 65 docentes de cinco escuelas públicas primarias y secundarias argentinas que contaban con servicio de psicopedagogía con una antigüedad de, al menos, tres años. Los resultados mostraron que los docentes representaron la intervención psicopedagógica como la reeducación de dificultades de aprender de los alumnos, sustentada frecuentemente mediante mecanismos terapéutico/clínicos individuales y adaptaciones curriculares. Si bien la complementación entre docentes y psicopedagogos/as pareció ser escasa, es el punto sobre el que más expectativas manifestaron los docentes. Se discute la necesidad de impulsar un modelo de intervención que habilite al psicopedagogo/a a trabajar con la institución educativa en su conjunto.

El maná de una particular energía. El panorama de las instalaciones hipersaturadas de Diego Bianchi y Leopoldo Estol a mediados del dos mil Baeza, Federico Aníbal Mariano Diego Bianchi y Leopoldo Estol, luego de conocerse en la beca Kuitca, trabajaron juntos una sola vez, el resultado fue la instalación Escuelita Thomas Hirschhorn en 2005. En la galería Belleza y Felicidad montaron una gruta tapizada con la característica cinta marrón de embalar –la reconocida marca del artista suizo– dando forma a una serie de claustrofóbicos ambientes interconectados por desiguales funciones: kiosco, ciber-locutorio, disco, aula, mirador y jardín. Este espacio multiforme albergó fiestas, clases, charlas, entre otros encuentros que discurrieron en los calurosos últimos días del año.