"La Geografía" en el centro Buzai, Gustavo Daniel El presente artículo de reflexión se centra en la Geografía Artística (Kunstgeographie), la cual se preocupa principalmente “por la localización, además de por la cronología, al estudiar las características o rasgos determinantes del arte y la arquitectura” (Da Costa Kaufmann, 1999:12). La indagación realizada muestra curiosidad por la escultura La Geografía que, de acuerdo a las consultas que pude realizar en el ámbito geográfico, su existencia pasa inadvertida y más desconocido aún es el lugar de privilegio de su localización, sitio y posición de gran simbolismo en el espacio urbano de Buenos Aires.; This reflection article is focused on Artistic Geography (Kunstgeographie), which is mainly concerned "with location, in addition to chronology, when studying the characteristics or determining features of art and architecture" (Da Costa Kaufmann , 1999:12). The investigation carried out shows curiosity about the sculpture La Geografía (The Geography) which, according to the consultations that I was able to make in the geographical area, its existence goes unnoticed and even more unknown is the privileged place of its location, site and position of great symbolism in the urban space of Buenos Aires.

Primera experiencia de implantación de radiotransmisores en la víbora Bothrops alternatus; First radiotransmitters implantation experience in the viper Bothrops alternatus Vera, David Gustavo; Clausse, María; Nejamkin, Pablo; Almaraz, Karen; Berkunsky, Igor La radiotelemetría se ha convertido en una herramienta valiosa para estudiar la ecología espacial y reproductiva de las serpientes. Diferentes metodologías han sido utilizadas para colocar radiotransmisores en serpientes, incluida la colocación externa con cinta adhesiva, la ingestión forzada y la aplicación de pegamento en la piel, aunque presentan limitaciones y efectos negativos en las serpientes, como la pérdida de los transmisores o la alteración del comportamiento alimentario. En el presente trabajo se presenta el primer caso de implantación de radiotransmisores en la especie Bothrops alternatus en la Argentina. Se utilizaron dos ejemplares de yarará grande B. alternatus capturados de la naturaleza. Se siguió un procedimiento basado en trabajos anteriores con adaptaciones específicas propias para tratar serpientes venenosas. Los ejemplares fueron anestesiados con isoflurano, con soporte de oxígeno durante toda la cirugía. En cada ejemplar se realizó una incisión de 2 cm de longitud, se dividió el músculo y se accedió a la cavidad celómica. El radiotransmisor, previamente esterilizado, se colocó en esta cavidad y su antena se tunelizó bajo la piel hacia la parte superior del cuerpo. Posteriormente, se suturaron los planos musculares y la piel con material estéril. La cirugía fue exitosa en ambos especímenes, con una duración de aproximadamente 30 minutos y una recuperación rápida después de la anestesia. Los radiotransmisores emitieron señales que se captaron a distancias de hasta 500 metros en el campo, lo que permitió rastrear el movimiento de las serpientes durante un período de 10 días. Sin embargo, se observó que la duración de la batería de los transmisores fue menor de lo esperado, lo que limitó el seguimiento a largo plazo. Este trabajo representa una contribución significativa al campo de la radiotelemetría en serpientes en la Argentina, proporcionando un protocolo detallado y exitoso para la implantación de radiotransmisores en serpientes venenosas.; Radio telemetry has become a valuable tool for studying the spatial and reproductive ecologyof snakes. Various methodologies have been used to attach radio transmitters to snakes, including external placement with adhesive tape, forced ingestion, and skin glue application. Still, these methods have limitations and negative effects on snakes, such as transmitter loss or alterations in feeding behavior. This study presents the first case of radio transmitter implantation in the species Bothrops alternatus in Argentina. Two large venomous snakes B. alternatus specimens, were captured from the wild. A procedure was followed based on previous work with specific adaptations for venomous snakes. The specimens were anesthetized with isoflurane and provided with oxygen throughout the surgery. A 2 cm incision was made in each specimen, the muscle was divided, and access to the celomic cavity was obtained. The previously sterilized radio transmitter was placed in this cavity, and its antenna was tunneled under the skin towards the upper body. Subsequently, the muscle layers and skin were sutured with sterile material. The surgery was successful in both specimens, lasting approximately 30 minutes, with rapid recovery post-anesthesia. The transmitters emitted signals detected at distances of up to 500 meters in the field, allowing tracking of the snakes’ movements over 10 days. However, it was observed that the transmitter battery life was shorterthan expected, limiting long-term monitoring. This work represents a significant contribution to the field of snake radio telemetry in Argentina, providing a detailed and successful protocol for radio transmitter implantation in venomous snakes.

Electrochemical synthesis of donor-acceptor triazine based polymers with halochromic and electrochromic properties Renfige Rodriguez, Yone Melisa; Gonzalez Lopez, Edwin Javier; Macor, Lorena Paola; Solis, Claudia Alejandra; Durantini, Javier Esteban; Morales, Gustavo Marcelo; Otero, Luis Alberto; Durantini, Edgardo Néstor; Heredia, Daniel Alejandro; Gervaldo, Miguel Andres Two triazine monomers substituted with aromatic α,β unsaturated ketones (chalcones) as connecting arms, holding triphenylamine or carbazole ending groups, were by the first time synthesized using commercial and inexpensive starting materials in just two steps. Triphenylamine and carbazole groups were strategically introduced in order to allow electrochemical polymerization and redox activity of the obtained films. The chalcone, together with the triphenylamine or carbazole outer groups, give rise to the formation of a donor-acceptor systems, allowing the generation of photoinduced intramolecular charge transfer (ICT) electronic transitions and providing basic sites for protonation. Because of the star-like chemical structure of the used triazine, electrochemical polymerization of these monomers conducted to the formation of hyperbranched structures. The polymeric materials exhibited not only electrochromic properties but also showed a halochromic behavior. Spectroelectrochemical studies of the films showed different colorations in the three redox states (neutral, semioxidized and fully oxidized). The color changes are fast and easily detected by the naked eye. Electrochemical parameters such as optical contrast, coloration efficiency, optical memory, and long-term stability for both films were obtained and compared. A quasi-solid window-type electrochromic device was assembled using the electrogenerated polymer with the best electrochromic performance and stability. Moreover, the triphenylamine based polymer showed reversible color changes upon acid-base vapor exposure cycles, demonstrating that this polymer can be used not only in electrochromic devices but also in acid vapor sensors.

Diversity response of necrophagous dipteran communities and their functional groups to an anthropization gradient Dufek, Matias Ignacio; Larrea, Dario Daniel; Damborsky, Miryam Pieri; Mulieri, Pablo Ricardo The anthropization process exerts a profound effect on ecosystems, causing alterations in biodiversity, habitat structure, and species composition, ultimately disrupting the delicate balance of natural environments. The aim of the present study was to explore the ecological dynamics of necrophagous Sarcophagidae and Calliphoridae flies along an anthropization gradient. This research investigated alpha and beta diversity patterns to unravel the impact of human-induced environmental changes on these insect communities and also assesses the dynamics of functional groups in relation to their impact on medical and forensic fields. Five distinct habitats, ranging from urban to forested areas, were surveyed in two Departments in the Province of Chaco, Argentina. Necrophagous flies were collected using van Someren-Rydon canopy traps across three seasons. Two main functional groups were analyzed: oviparous flies (Calliphoridae) and larviparous flies (Sarcophagidae). Results indicated a significant negative correlation between Sarcophagidae species richness and anthropization, whereas Calliphoridae showed increased abundance in highly anthropized sites. The combined assemblage of Calliphoridae+Sarcophagidae exhibited significant relationships across all community parameters evaluated. Beta diversity analysis revealed turnover as the main process shaping dipteran communities along the anthropization gradient, with spatial species replacement dominating. This underscores the importance of interspecific spatial segregation in dipteran community composition. In conclusion, this study enhances our understanding of the ecological adaptations of necrophagous dipterans to anthropogenic disturbances. The observed shifts in diversity and abundance have implications for forensic investigations and public health, emphasizing the need for nuanced monitoring and conservation strategies. This research contributes valuable insights into the intricate ecological interactions of these insect communities within changing ecosystems.

Loss of function in somatostatin receptor 5 has no impact on the growth of medaka fish due to compensation by the other paralogs Boan, Agustín Fernando; Delgadin, T. H.; Canosa, Luis Fabian; Fernandino, Juan Ignacio Somatic growth in vertebrates is regulated endocrinologically by the somatotropic axis, headed by the growth hormone (GH) and the insulin growth factor-I (IGF-I). Somatostatin (Sst), a peptide hormone synthesized in the hypothalamus, modulates GH actions through its receptors (Sstr). Four Sstr subtypes (Sstr 1–3 and 5) have been identified in teleosts. However, little is known about whether they have a specific function or tissue expression. The aim of this study was to determine the role of sstr2 and sstr5 in the growth of the medaka (Oryzias latipes). The assessed expression pattern across diverse tissues highlighted greater prevalence of sstr1 and sstr3 in brain, intestine and muscle than in pituitary or liver. The expression of sstr2 was high in all the tissues tested, while sstr5 was predominantly expressed in the pituitary gland. A CRISPR/Cas9 sstr5 mutant with loss of function (sstr5-/-) was produced. Assessment of sstr5-/- indicated no significant difference with the wild type regarding growth parameters such as standard length, body depth, or peduncle depth. Furthermore, the functional loss of sstr5 had no impact on the response to a nutritional challenge. The fact that several sstr subtypes were upregulated in different tissues in sstr5-/- medaka suggests that in the mutant fish, there may be a compensatory effect on the different tissues, predominantly by sstr1 in the liver, brain and pituitary, with sstr2 being upregulated in pituitary and liver, and sstr3 only presenting differential expression in the brain. Analysis of the sstr subtype and the sstr5-/- fish showed that sstr5 was not the only somatostatin receptor responsible for Sst-mediated Gh regulation.

Biotic and abiotic factors acting on community assembly in parallel anaerobic digestion systems from a brewery wastewater treatment plant Spatola Rossi, Tatiana; Gallia, Mateo; Erijman, Leonardo; Figuerola, Eva Lucia Margarita Anaerobic digestion is a complex microbial process that mediates the transformation of organic waste into biogas. The performance and stability of anaerobic digesters relies on the structure and function of the microbial community. In this study, we asked whether the deterministic effect of wastewater composition outweighs the effect of reactor configuration on the structure and dynamics of anaerobic digester archaeal and bacterial communities. Biotic and abiotic factors acting on microbial community assembly in two parallel anaerobic digestion systems, an upflow anaerobic sludge blanket digestor (UASB) and a closed digester tank with a solid recycling system (CDSR), from a brewery WWTP were analysed utilizing 16S rDNA and mcrA amplicon sequencing and genome-centric metagenomics. This study confirmed the deterministic effect of the wastewater composition on bacterial community structure, while the archaeal community composition resulted better explained by organic loading rate (ORL) and volatile free acids (VFA). According to the functions assigned to the differentially abundant metagenome-assembled genomes (MAGs) between reactors, CDSR was enriched in genes related to methanol and methylamines methanogenesis, protein degradation, and sulphate and alcohol utilization. Conversely, the UASB reactor was enriched in genes associated with carbohydrate and lipid degradation, as well as amino acid, fatty acid, and propionate fermentation. By comparing interactions derived from the co-occurrence network with predicted metabolic interactions of the prokaryotic communities in both anaerobic digesters, we conclude that the overall community structure is mainly determined by habitat filtering.

Materia orgánica en sedimentos submareales dentro del Puerto de la ciudad de Mar del Plata Estos resultados de materia orgánica expresados como mg C orgánico /g muestra, realizado por triplicado y promediado en las muestras correspondientes a la desembocadura del Aº Del Barco, tomadas durante un muestreo estacional realizado en el periodo 2019-2020.

El gobierno del Frente de Todos, o el fracaso de la búsqueda del consenso imposible; The Frente de Todos Government, or the Failure of the Search for the Impossible Consensus Cantamutto, Francisco J. Este artículo analiza la llegada al gobierno de la Argentina del Frente de Todos en 2019, como parte de un segundo ciclo de gobiernos progresistas o populares en la región. Tras la experiencia neodesarrollista del kirchnerismo, el país experimentó un gobierno con políticas neoliberales (con la coalición Cambiemos) que lo sumió en una crisis severa, a la cual se sumó la generada por la pandemia. El gobierno del Frente de Todos prometió generar un proceso de crecimiento con redistribución, pero no pudo realizarlo. Este artículo, basado en una mirada de economía política, argumenta a que la razón de fondo está en el énfasis consensual del gobierno, que buscó eludir intenciones refundacionales propias de una parte de la coalición, a saber, el propio kirchnerismo. La intención de acordar incluso con los ganadores del período previo limitó las posibilidades de actuar en pos de un proceso redistributivo o de cambio estructural, limitando así los márgenes de acción. Ante la falta de resultados económicos, pero también en los sesgos de la gestión de la pandemia, creció en la oposición una crítica de derecha radical, que modificó el escenario político.; This article analyzes the arrival of the Frente de Todos government in Argentina in 2019, as part of a second cycle of progressive or popular governments in the region. After the neo-developmentalist experience of Kirchnerism, the country experienced a government with neoliberal policies (with the Cambiemos coalition) that plunged it into a severe crisis, to which was added the one generated by the pandemic. The government of the Frente de Todos promised to generate a process of growth with redistribution, but was unable to do so. This article, based on a political economy perspective, argues that the underlying reason lies in the government’s consensual emphasis, which sought to avoid the re-foundational intentions of one part of the coalition, namely Kirchnerism itself. The intention of agreeing even with the winners of the previous period limited the possibilities of acting in pursuit of a redistributive process or structural change, thus limiting the margins for action. Faced with the lack of economic results, but also in the biases of the management of the pandemic, a radical right-wing criticism grew in the opposition, which modified the political scenario.

Harmonic complex structures and special hermitian metrics on products of Sasakian manifolds Andrada, Adrián Marcelo; Tolcachier, Alejandro It is well known that the product of two Sasakian manifolds carries a 2-parameter family of Hermitian structures (J_(a,b), g_(a,b)). We show in this article that the complex structure J_(a,b) is harmonic with respect to g_(a,b) , i.e. it is a critical point of the Dirichlet energy functional. Furthermore, we also determine when these Hermitian structures are locally conformally Kähler, balanced, strong Kähler with torsion, Gauduchon or k-Gauduchon (k ≥ 2). Finally, we study the Bismut connection associated to (J_(a,b), g_(a,b)) and we provide formulas for the Bismut-Ricci tensor Ric^B and the Bismut-Ricci form ρ^B . We show that these tensors vanish if and only if each Sasakian factor is η-Einstein with appropriate constants and we also exhibit some examples fulfilling these conditions, thus providing new examples of Calabi-Yau with torsion manifolds.

Machine learning models predict the emergence of depression in Argentinean college students during periods of COVID-19 quarantine López Steinmetz, Lorena Cecilia; Sison, Margarita; Zhumagambetov, Rustam; Godoy, Juan Carlos; Haufe, Stefan Introduction: The COVID-19 pandemic has exacerbated mental health challenges, particularly depression among college students. Detecting at-risk students early is crucial but remains challenging, particularly in developing countries. Utilizing data-driven predictive models presents a viable solution to address this pressing need. Aims: 1) To develop and compare machine learning (ML) models for predicting depression in Argentinean students during the pandemic. 2) To assess the performance of classification and regression models using appropriate metrics. 3) To identify key features driving depression prediction. Methods: A longitudinal dataset (N = 1492 college students) captured T1 and T2 measurements during the Argentinean COVID-19 quarantine. ML models, including linear logistic regression classifiers/ridge regression (LogReg/RR), random forest classifiers/regressors, and support vector machines/regressors (SVM/SVR), are employed. Assessed features encompass depression and anxiety scores (at T1), mental disorder/suicidal behavior history, quarantine sub-period information, sex, and age. For classification, models’ performance on test data is evaluated using Area Under the Precision-Recall Curve (AUPRC), Area Under the Receiver Operating Characteristic curve, Balanced Accuracy, F1 score, and Brier loss. For regression, R-squared (R2), Mean Absolute Error, and Mean Squared Error are assessed. Univariate analyses are conducted to assess the predictive strength of each individual feature with respect to the target variable. The performance of multi- vs univariate models is compared using the mean AUPRC score for classifiers and the R2 score for regressors. Results: The highest performance is achieved by SVM and LogReg (e.g., AUPRC: 0.76, 95% CI: 0.69, 0.81) and SVR and RR models (e.g., R2 for SVR and RR: 0.56, 95% CI: 0.45, 0.64 and 0.45, 0.63, respectively). Univariate models, particularly LogReg and SVM using depression (AUPRC: 0.72, 95% CI: 0.64, 0.79) or anxiety scores (AUPRC: 0.71, 95% CI: 0.64, 0.78) and RR using depression scores (R2: 0.48, 95% CI: 0.39, 0.57) exhibit performance levels close to those of the multivariate models, which include all features. Discussion: These findings highlight the relevance of pre-existing depression and anxiety conditions in predicting depression during quarantine, underscoring their comorbidity. ML models, particularly SVM/SVR and LogReg/RR, demonstrate potential in the timely detection of at-risk students. However, further studies are needed before clinical implementation.

Zygosporium palaeogibbum sp. nov. (Xylariales, Ascomycota) associated with Cinnamomum Schaeff. (Lauraceae) leaves from the Siwalik (Middle Miocene) of eastern Himalaya Mahato, Sumana; Bianchinotti, Maria Virginia; Kundu, Sampa; Khan, Mahasin Ali Well-preserved remains of a mitosporic fungus were found on leaf cuticles of Cinnamomum sp. (Lauraceae) recovered from the lower Siwalik (Chunabati Formation; Middle Miocene) sedimentary stratum of Darjeeling foothills of eastern Himalaya. Based on the characteristic features (solitary vesicular conidiophores arising directly from a superfcial mycelium and strongly curved, darkly pigmented, ovoid to pyriform vesicles with 1–3 celled stalk cells), it is here proposed as a new fossilspecies, Zygosporium palaeogibbum sp. nov. The in situ evidence of Z. palaeogibbum in appreciable numbers on the host leaf cuticles suggests the probable existence of a host-specifc saprophytic relationship in the Darjeeling sub-Himalaya’s ancient warm humid tropical climate during the time of deposition. This conclusion on past climate is in agreement with published qualitative, quantitative, and palaeomycological climatic data obtained from the study of megafossil plant remains from the same fossil locality.

SolNet dataset: Descriptors obtained by Tomato Analyzer in a publicly available images dataset on the SolNetwork website A set of tomato fruit images publicly available was downloaded from SolNetwork. The images were analyzed with the Tomato Analyzer (version 2.0) which is a computer vision-based program that permits the semi-automated and objective measurement of 47 fruit shape, size, and colour descriptors obtained from the longitudinal and latitudinal section of tomato A total of 1424 images, representing 368 tomato accessions, and 41 morphological attributes, were analyzed. The dataset includes as well, four categorical shape features, one for each shape classification system available in tomato.

Revista fonoaudiológica, ¿un reflejo del desarrollo de la actividad científica disciplinar a lo largo de los años?; Fonoaudiológica journal, a reflection of the development of the disciplinary scientific activity over the years? Romero, Luciano Nicolás; Berra, Silvina del Valle; Rivadero, Luisina; Dame, Yasmin; Ramos Elizagaray, Libertad; Maggi, Ana Luz; Yordan, Martina; Valdez, VAnessa; Hinalaf, María de Los Angeles La Revista Fonoaudiológica es el principal órgano de difusión de la investigación disciplinar en Argentina. El objetivo fue describir las tendencias en las áreas profesionales en Fonoaudiología y la cantidad de artículos publicados por año en tres períodos de la Revista Fonoaudiológica. Se llevó a cabo un estudio descriptivo en el que se analizaron artículos publicados en tres períodos: 1956-1969 (P1) y 1970-1981 (P2) de números impresos; 2016-2023 (P3) de números digitalizados. Los artículos se consignaron según el año de publicación, volumen y número de la revista, título y área profesional fonoaudiológica. Se analizaron 269 artículos; 101 pertenecientes al P1, 98 al P2 y 70 al P3. Los resultados mostraron en promedio artículos publicados por volumen con cierta irregularidad en los tres períodos analizados; la mayor cantidad se observó en el P1 y la menor, en el P3. Con relación a las áreas de la Fonoaudiología, se observó disparidad en el predominio en los tres períodos, siendo Audición (27,7%) en el P1, Voz (23,5%) en el P2 y Fonoestomatología (28,6%) en el P3. Se reconocen intereses de divulgación de los productos de investigación científica internacional en una etapa inicial y de difusión de investigaciones locales en los últimos años. Este trabajo contribuye al análisis del desarrollo profesional en Fonoaudiología mediante una aproximación histórica a los artículos publicados en la revista y propone inquietudes para nuevas investigaciones que puedan ampliar el conocimiento desde diferentes perspectivas.; The Fonoaudiológica Journal is the main organism of diffusion on disciplinary research in Argentina. The aim was to describe the trends in the professional areas in speech, language and hearing sciences and the number of articles published per year in three periods of the Fonoaudiológica Journal. A descriptive study was carried out in which articles published in three periods were analyzed: 1956-1969 (P1) and 1970-1981 (P2) of printed issues; 2016-2023 (P3) of digitized issues. The articles were recorded according to the year of publication, volume and issue of the journal, t itle and speech, language and hearing sciences professional area. 269 articles were analyzed; 101 belonging to P1, 98 to P2 and 70 to P3. The results showed on average articles published by volume with some irregularity in the three periods analyzed; the highest amount was observed in P1 and the lowest in P3. In relation to the areas of speech, language and hearing sciences, a disparity was observed in the predominance in the three periods, hearing (27.7%) in P1, voice (23.5%) in P2 and phonoestomatology (28.6%) in P3. Interests are recognized in diffusion international scientific research products in an initial stage and diffusion local research in recent years. This study contributes to the analysis of professional development in speech, language and hearing sciences through a historical approach to the articles published in the journal and proposes concerns for new research that can expand knowledge from different perspectives.

Feocromocitoma y paraganglioma en un hospital pediátrico de Argentina: Serie de casos Deregibus, María I.; Pompozzi, Luis A.; Sanso, Elsa Gabriela El feocromocitoma y el paraganglioma son tumores neuroendocrinos secretores de catecolaminas. Los feocromocitomas se originan en la médula suprarrenal, mientras que los paragangliomas son extraadrenales. Se describe una serie de casos de niños con diagnóstico anatomopatológico de feocromocitoma o paraganglioma que consultaron en un hospital pediátrico de alta complejidad de Argentina. Se incluyeron 21 pacientes, 14 varones, con una mediana de edad de 11,4 años; 8 casos con feocromocitoma y 13 casos con paraganglioma. Se presentaron con hipertensión arterial 14/21. La mayoría de los paragangliomas tuvieron localización paraaórtica (9/13). Debido a que representan una causa potencialmente curable de hipertensión arterial, la sospecha clínica es muy importante. El diagnóstico temprano y la instauración de un tratamiento antihipertensivo adecuado, que permita afrontar la cirugía con normotensión arterial, aseguran la curación en la mayoría de los casos si la resección tumoral es completa.

Aproximaciones a la red de interacción entre abejas nocturnas y plantas con flores de Potrerillos de Güendá (Santa Cruz, Bolivia); Approximations to the interaction network between nocturnal bees and flowering plants from Potrerillos del Güendá (Santa Cruz, Bolivia) Crespo Cordero, Margarita Rosario; Almendras Gutierrez, Carol Andrea; Calcina Mamani, Selmy; Adler, Marcia; Benitez-Vieyra, Santiago Miguel Las abejas con hábitos crepusculares y nocturnos han sido pobremente estudiadas en Bolivia, donde la mayoría de los estudios han estado centrados en Apis mellifera. Las redes de interacción permiten cuantificar la biodiversidad y comprender fenómenos tanto naturales como de origen antrópicos y son de gran utilidad para el estudio de las interacciones planta-polinizador. Este trabajo se realizó en un bosque de transición de Amazonia y Bosque Seco Chiquitano, para conocer la intensidad y características de las interacciones entre abejas nocturnas y plantas locales, utilizando trampas de luz para capturar a las abejas nocturnas. Se colectaron 19 individuos durante tres noches. Identificamos cuatro especies de la familia Halictidae, tribu Augochlorini, de las cuales dos pertenecen al género Megalopta y dos son especies no identificadas de la misma tribu. Realizamos también una palinoteca del lugar y sus alrededores. Utilizando comparación morfológica entre los preparados de la palinoteca, los obtenidos de los cuerpos de las abejas y bibliografía especializada, encontramos doce morfoespecies de polen presentes en los cuerpos de las abejas, de las cuales tenía mayor frecuencia relativa los pertenecientes a las familias Lythraceae y Asteraceae. Como resultado tenemos una aproximación a la red de interacción, que nos permite indagar de manera mas profunda la interacción de este tipo de abejas y las plantas que visitan.; Bees with crepuscular and nocturnal habits have been poorly studied in Bolivia, where most studies have been focused on Apis mellifera. Interaction networks allow us to quantify biodiversity and understand both natural and anthropogenic phenomena and are very useful for the study of plant-pollinator interactions. This work was carried out in a transition forest of Amazonia and Chiquitano dry forest, in order to know the intensity and characteristics of the interactions between nocturnal bees and local plants, using light traps to capture nocturnal bees. We collected 19 individuals during three nights. We identified four species of the family Halictidae, tribe Augochlorini, of which two belong to the genus Megalopta and two are unidentified species of the same tribe. We also carried out a palynological survey of the site and its surroundings. Using morphological comparison between the preparations of the palynotheque, those obtained from the bee bodies and specialized bibliography, we found twelve morphospecies of pollen present in the bee bodies, of which those belonging to the families Lythraceae and Asteraceae had a higher relative frequency. As a result, we have an approximation to the interaction network, which allows us to investigate in a deeper way the interaction of this type of bees and the plants they visit.

Effects of climatic factors on carbohydrate composition of soybeans in Argentina Marioli Nobile, Carla Georgina; Balzarini, Monica Graciela; Grosso, Nelson; Soldini, Diego; Zossi, Silvia; Martínez, María José Carbohydrates are the second largest component of soybean seeds and include soluble sugars, a major source of energy. However, some oligosaccharides such as the raffinose family of oligosaccharides (RFOs) are considered antinutritional factors. In Argentina, the soybean crop area shows high climatic variation during the seedfilling period (R5–R7), affecting seed composition. The objective of this work was to evaluate the effect of climatic traits on carbohydrate (CHO) seed composition of different cultivar types. Daily air temperature and solar radiation were measured during R5–R7 in two soybean varieties: (non-transgenic) ALIM3.14 and a commercial. Precipitation and evapotranspiration during the crop season (R1–R7) were used to calculate a hydric balance proxy. ALIM 3.14 showed a better CHO profile than the commercial soybean. ALIM 3.14 had lower stachyose and total RFOs (25.1 and 28.9 g kg−1) than the commercial cultivar (37.3 and 42.3 g kg−1), respectively. Air temperature explained variations in CHO. A decrease in sucrose was observed with the increase in mean temperature (−2.65 g 100 g−1 per ˚C). Sucrose/total RFO and total sugar concentration also declined with increasing mean temperature −0.10 g 100 g−1 per ˚C and −0.35 g 100 g−1 per ˚C, respectively. Soybean with desired nutritional profile for specialties, such as high sucrose concentration and low raffinose, were obtained at cool temperatures (<19.4˚C) during seed filling. Producers and breeders can use this information to identify climatic variable thresholds that maximize the concentration of sugars in seeds and select traits and environments useful to improve soybean under climate warming conditions.

A new chitinozoan assemblage from the Middle Devonian Los Monos Formation (sub-Andean basin, southern Bolivia) and its biozonal implications for Western Gondwana Camina, Sonia Clara; Rubinstein, Claudia Viviana; Butcher, Anthony; García, Victoria Josefina; Vergani, Gustavo; Pereira, Martín Chitinozoans recovered from one section of the Middle Devonian Los Monos Formation in the TCB X-1001-Tacobo borehole, sub-Andean basin of Bolivia, have been analysed. Eleven from the eighteen processed cutting samples yielded specimens that allowed taxonomic study. Eleven genera and thirty-five chitinozoan species were identified from the Los Monos Formation with four of them recorded for the first time in Western Gondwana. Ancyrochitina biconstricta, Ancyrochitina parisi, Angochitina galarzae and Ramochitina boliviensis are among the most relevant taxa restricted to Western Gondwana that support the affinity with this paleocontinent. One new species, Lagenochitina tacobensis sp. nov. is described, and Ramochitina candelariaensis sp. nov. (n. n.) is formally erected. The chitinozoan assemblage reinforces the late Eifelian – middle Givetian age previously proposed by organic-walled phytoplankton and miospores for this section of the TCB X-1001-Tacobo borehole. A new local chitinozoan biozonation based on the chitinozoan assemblages is proposed and a revision of the current chitinozoan biozonation for Western Gondwana and Bolivia is recommended.

Kinematic modeling of neotectonic thrusts at the Andean orogenic front (southern Precordillera, Argentina) Richard, Andrés David; Costa, Carlos H.; Giambiagi, Laura Beatriz; Suriano, Julieta The south-central Andes located between 32◦-33◦ S are considered to be a transitional zone between the flatlyingand the normal subduction zones of the Nazca Plate. The active mountain-building processes are mainlyconcentrated between the Andean eastern foothills and the adjacent broken foreland, as highlighted by crustalseismicity, historic destructive earthquakes, and Quaternary-active contractional structures. Between 32◦ 10′ and32◦ 40′ S, the Andean orogenic front is exposed at the Las Pe˜nas-Las Higueras range, where east- and westvergingthrusts interact, resulting in an antithetic linkage transfer zone. We built kinematically-balancedstructural sections through the integration of surface and subsurface data (2D seismic lines) to achieve a 3Dcharacterization of the Quaternary-active thrusts and to estimate shortening rates of ~1.8–3.4 mm/a during thelast ~8.5 Ma, thus extending the spatial and temporal penetration achieved by surface geology data. Our resultsindicate that the main east-verging thrusts detach at a depth of ~10 km within Paleozoic basement rocks. Thisoutcome implies larger potential rupture areas than if rooted at Neogene layers. West-verging thrusts presentdetachment levels at ~5 km, also linked to Paleozoic basement rocks. The analysis of 2D seismic lines has alsocontributed to the recognition of blind thrusts without a morphologic signature, which could be regarded asrelevant seismogenic structures.

Dark energy based on exotic statistics Hoyuelos, Miguel Luis; Sisterna, P. Dark energy is an elusive concept, which has been introduced two decades ago in order to make the acceleration of the universe a comprehensible phenomenon. However, the nature of this energy is far from being understood, both from a fundamental as well as an observational way. In this work we study cosmological consequences of the existence of particles (which we called “ewkons” in a previous work) which are quasi distinguishable, obey unorthodox statistics, and have an equation of state similar to many existent dark energy candidates (including negative relation between pressure and energy density). We find an effective scalar field description of this ewkon fluid, and obtain cosmological solutions for the dark energy dominated epoch. This can be considered as a one-parameter class of dark energy models.

Photoproperties of favipiravir and its 6-substituted analogues: fluorescence controlled through halogen substitution and tautomerism Fuentes, Germán; Romero Cordero, Ivan Exehomio; Moller, Matías N.; Couto, Marcos; Romero, Angel H. Herein, we have showed the photophysical properties of favipiravir and its 6-substituted analogues. Also, we interpreted the origin of fluorescence of favipiravir and its 6-substituted analogues as a function of tautomerism modulation in ground and excited states. Favipiravir, the 6-fluorine derivative, showed the best photophysical profile, exhibiting a dominant emission wavelength of 430 nm, a high quantum yield (Q.Y.) of 1.0 and a long-lived state (10 ns). Its analogues also showed a maximum emission at 430 nm, but their Q.Y. values were 5-fold lower than that found for favipiravir, decreasing as a function of 6-substitution as follows: F > Cl > Br > I > H. Pyrazines bearing the least electronegative 6-substituent (X = Br, I, H) showed an extra lifetime, which was shorter (0.2–0.3 ns) and less abundant (>15%) than the main lifetime (10 ns, 85%). Further 2D excitation–emission matrix and solvent studies supported that these 3-hydroxy-2-pyrazinecarboxamides present two emissive states. The first of them (λem = 430 nm), which was the most abundant, most fluorescent and long-lived state, was characterized as “locally excited” (LE). Its fluorescence was favored with an increase of the hydrogendonor nature of the solvent and for pyrazines having a high enolic characteristic. Thus, the high LEfluorescence of these types of pyrazines depends on the keto-tautomerization of the ground state using a protic solvent and its feasible enol-tautomerization upon excitation. Finally, the second excited state (λem = 536 nm) was suggested as an excited-state intramolecular proton-transfer (ESIPT), and it was observed only, although discretely, for pyrazines bearing the least electronegative 6-substituent.