Comparison of mortality in patients on chemotherapy or immunotherapy during and before the COVID-19 pandemic: Multicenter matched cohort study in Argentina; Comparación de la mortalidad en pacientes en quimioterapia o inmunoterapia durante y antes de la pandemia de COVID-19: Estudio multicéntrico de cohortes emparejadas Itkin, Boris; Straminsky, Samanta; Cáceres, Hernán; Onassis, Mariana; García, Agustín Emilio; Avanzi, Laura; Kaminszczik, Lucia; Sejas, Richard Serna; Rapaccioli, Mara; Billordo, Gustavo; Lavaccara, Damián; Lanzavecchia, Julián; Gibbons, Luz; Settecase, Eugenia; Bardach, Ariel Esteban Objetivos. Comparar la mortalidad por todas las causas de pacientes oncológicos no vacunados que recibieron quimioterapia o inmunoterapia durante la pandemia, con aquellos tratados antes de la pandemia. Materiales y métodos. Realizamos un estudio de cohortes en cuatro hospitales terciarios en Argentina. Pacientes ambulatorios con una neoplasia sólida de cualquier estadio en tratamiento citotóxico o inmune intravenoso fueron elegibles. La cohorte pandémica se enroló durante la fase inicial del brote y se comparó con una cohorte de un período anterior a la pandemia utilizando emparejamiento por puntuación de propensión (PSM, por sus siglas en inglés). Los sujetos se emparejaron por edad, sexo, seguro de salud, factores de riesgo para complicaciones graves por COVID-19, estado funcional, tipo de cáncer y tratamiento, línea de tratamiento e índice de masa corporal. La mortalidad por todas las causas se estimó en ambas cohortes después de seis meses de seguimiento. Resultados. 169 pacientes fueron reclutados entre abril y agosto de 2020 para la cohorte pandémica y 377 para la cohorte prepandémica en el mismo período de 2019, 168 pacientes fueron emparejados. Luego de la PSM, la mortalidad por todas las causas fue del 17,9% en la cohorte pandémica y del 18,5% en la cohorte prepandémica, Riesgo Relativo: 0,97 (intervalo de confianza al 95 %: 0,61-1,52; p=0,888). En la cohorte pandémica, 30/168 pacientes fallecieron, ninguno por infección por COVID-19. Conclusiones. No hemos observado un aumento de mortalidad en pacientes ambulatorios no vacunados en tratamiento oncológico endovenoso activo durante la pandemia por COVID-19.; Objectives. To compare all-cause mortality of unvaccinated oncology patients who received chemotherapy or immunotherapy during the pandemic with those treated before the pandemic. Materials and methods. We conducted a cohort study in four tertiary hospitals in Argentina. Outpatients with a solid neoplasm of any stage under-going cytotoxic or intravenous immunotherapy were eligible. The pandemic cohort was enrolled during the initial phase of the outbreak and compared with a pre-pandemic cohort using propensity score matching (PSM). Subjects were matched for age, sex, health insurance, risk factors for severe COVID-19 complications, performance status, cancer type and treatment, line of treatment, and body mass index. All-cause mortality was estimated for both cohorts after 6 months of follow-up. Results. A total of 169 patients were recruited between April and August 2020 for the pandemic cohort and 377 for the pre-pandemic cohort in the same months of 2019; 168 patients were matched. After PSM, all-cause mortality was 17.9% in the pandemic cohort and 18.5% in the pre-pandemic cohort; the Relative Risk was 0.97 (95 % confidence interval: 0.61-1.52; p=0.888). In the pandemic cohort, 30/168 patients died, but none from COVID-19. Conclusions. Our findings show that the mortality rate of unvaccinated ambulatory patients on active intravenous oncology treatment during the COVID-19 pandemic did not increase.

Thermonuclear type-I X-ray bursts and burst oscillations from the eclipsing AMXP swift J1749.4-2807 Albayati, A. C.; Bult, P.; Altamirano, D.; Chenevez, J.; Guillot, S.; Güver, T.; Jaisawal, G. K.; Malacaria, C.; Mancuso, Giulio Cesare; Marino, A.; Ng, M.; Sanna, A.; Strohmayer, T. E. Swift J1749.4-2807 is the only known eclipsing accreting millisecond X-ray pulsar. In this paper, we report on seven thermonuclear (Type-I) X-ray bursts observed by NICER during its 2021 outburst. The first six bursts show slow rises and long decays, indicative of mixed H/He fuel, whereas the last burst shows fast rise and decay, suggesting He-rich fuel. Time-resolved spectroscopy of the bursts revealed typical phenomenology (i.e. an increase in blackbody temperature during the burst rise, and steady decrease in the decay), however, they required a variable NH. We found that the values of NH during the bursts were roughly double those found in the fits of the persistent emission prior to each burst. We interpret this change in absorption as evidence of burst-disc interaction, which we observe due to the high inclination of the system. We searched for burst oscillations during each burst and detected a signal in the first burst at the known spin frequency of the neutron star (517.92 Hz). This is the first time burst oscillations have been detected from Swift J1749.4-2807. We further find that each X-ray burst occurs on top of an elevated persistent count rate. We performed time-resolved spectroscopy on the combined data of the bursts with sufficient statistics (i.e. the clearest examples of this phenomenon) and found that the blackbody parameters evolve to hotter temperatures closer to the onset of the bursts. We interpret this as a consequence of an unusual marginally stable burning process similar to that seen through mHz QPOs.

Acumulación por desposesión en Argentina: la fiebre del litio y el acaparamiento neocolonial de tierras y recursos naturales; Acumulação por desapropriação na Argentina: a febre do lítio e a grilagem neocolonial de terras e recursos naturais; Acummulation by dispossession in Argentina: lithium fever and the neocolonial grabbing of lands and natural resources Gómez Lende, Sebastián La privatización y apropiación imperial de tierras y recursos son dinámicas expropiatorias intrínsecas al proceso de acumulación por desposesión habitualmente llevado a cabo por la industria minera. El boom del litio no constituye una excepción a la regla. Sobre la base de bibliografía académica, fuentes oficiales, información periodística, informes corporativos y portales especializados, este artículo analiza el proceso de acaparamiento de tierras, salares y recursos minerales e hídricos desencadenado por la fiebre del litio en Argentina, cuarto productor y exportador y segundo reservorio más importante del mundo de este metal. Los resultados muestran la privatización de la tríada mineral-tierra-agua y el acaparamiento de una superficie que ronda las 1,8 millones de hectáreas, así como de reservas valuadas en casi 86 millones de toneladas de carbonato de litio equivalente. Asimismo, revelan la puja geopolítica por el control del recurso doméstico y una participación del capital argentino en el proceso sustancialmente mayor a la inicialmente considerada.; A privatização e a apropriação imperial de terras e recursos são dinâmicas expropriatórias intrínsecas ao processo de acumulação por espoliação usualmente realizado pela indústria mineradora. O boom do lítio não é exceção à regra. Com base em bibliografia acadêmica, fontes oficiais, informações jornalísticas, relatórios corporativos e portais especializados, este artigo analisa o processo de grilagem de terras, salinas e recursos minerais e hídricos desencadeado pela febre do lítio na Argentina, quarto maior produtor e exportador e segundo maior do mundo maior reservatório desse metal. Os resultados mostram a privatização da tríade mineral-terra-água e o entesouramento de uma área de cerca de 1,8 milhão de hectares e reservas avaliadas em quase 86 milhões de toneladas de carbonato de lítio equivalente. Da mesma forma, revelam a luta geopolítica pelo controle do recurso doméstico e uma participação do capital argentino no processo substancialmente maior do que inicialmente considerado.; Both privatization and imperial appropriation of lands and natural resources are expropiatory dynamics intrinsic to the accumulation by dispossession’s process habitually carried out by the mining industry. Lithium boom is not an exception to that rule. On the basis of scholar literature, official sources, journalistic information, corporative reports, and specialized web pages, this paper analyzes the process of grabbing of lands, salt basins and mineral and hydric resources unchained by the lithium fever in Argentina, a country that is both the fourth lithium producer and exporter and the second reservoir of such metal in the world. The findings show the privatization of the mineral-land-water triad, the grabbing of both an area of 1.8 million of hectares and reserves valued in almost 86 million of tons of lithium carbonate equivalent. Moreover, they reveal the geopolitic battle for control of the domestic resource, and an involvement of the Argentinean capital in the process substantially bigger than initially considered.

How to Avoid the Trick?: Heritage Discussions from Theban Tomb TT123, Luxor (Egypt) Pellini, José; Marconetto, María Bernarda; Gheco, Lucas Ignacio We introduce the surveys of the walls and ceilings of Theban tomb 123 (TT123), located on the West Bank of Luxor (Egypt). On the basis of the identification of material evidence of the different episodes of occupation and transformation of this place since its initial construction, which took place between 1479 and 1425 BC as the tomb of the scribe Amenemhet, until today, we reflect on the difficulties and consequences of the traditional approaches of conservation and restoration in Egypt. We argue that such places are subject to constant changes according to the uses and the agents they summoned all throughout their complex history. TT123 is not only a pharaoh’s tomb that deteriorated as a result of the passing of time but also far more than that. This paper seeks to explore the tension between more traditional approaches to conservation and restoration in Egypt and a more inclusive approach that recognizes the tomb’s passage through time.

Leer a Barthes: Los motivos de un placer Bitar, Francisco Miguel Desde sus primeros libros, leemos a Barthes con placer. Con esto quiero decir que su lectura tolera el ritual placentero de, como decía Calvino, los pies en alto: lo llevamos de viaje, de paseo, a la cama: al contrario de sus compañeros de estante, Barthes sale del estricto ámbito del estudio o la biblioteca para acompañarme, se diría, en el mundo. Si esto ocurre así, si lo leemos como si se tratara de un texto de placer, es porque su lectura se asemeja, en los mismos términos que el propio Barthes le ha conferido, a la lectura literaria: un trabajo al que se le ha extirpado todo esfuerzo, y cuya práctica, por estar hecha a la medida del cuerpo, sobrepasa nuestra memoria y nuestra consciencia (Barthes El susurro 42). Este trabajo reflexiona acerca del tipo de placer que –en términos del propio Barthes y auxiliados por una idea de Alain Robbe-Grillet– sería capaz de describir el deleite de su lectura, desprendido de una forma que, en su vertiginoso ir hacia adelante, propicia un modo especial de olvido, y situado en las cercanías de un tipo particular de ensayo de escritor.

Evidencias de validez de una escala de fortaleza mental en jugadores de deportes electrónicos de la Argentina; Validation of a mental toughness scale in CABA and GBA esports players; Validação de uma escala de força mental em jogadores de esportes eletrônicos CABA e GBA González, Pablo Christian; Resett, Santiago Alejandro; Moreno, José Eduardo La fortaleza mental es un importante constructo para los deportes siendo el Mental Toughness Index (MTI) uno de los instrumentos más usados a este respecto. En el último tiempo los juegos electrónicos crecieron de manera notoria y como en cualquier deporte la fortaleza mental es central para un desempeño exitoso. De este modo, el objetivo del presente estudio fue examinar las propiedades psicométricas del MTI en español ya que el mismo no está validado en dicho idioma. El único estudio existente en población española es uno con adultos mexicanos perosu objetivo era examinar su invarianza de medición con respecto a adultos atletas de los Estados Unidos. Para este fin, se conformó una muestra intencional, no probabilística de 550 jugadores de Esports (80% masculino) con una media de edad de 22 años (DE= 3.91) de Buenos Aires, Argentina. Al dividir la muestra en dos grupos en forma aleatoria, los resultados -tanto de análisis factoriales exploratorioscomo confirmatorios-arrojaron una estructura unifactorial similar a la postulada por los autores del cuestionario. La consistencia interna fue adecuada con un valor de .85. Se detectó la validez de constructo del cuestionario con la ansiedad y la motivación para los deportes por lo cual sería un instrumento con evidencia de propiedades para una rápida medición del constructo.; Mental toughness is an important construct for sports, and the Mental Toughness Index (MTI) is one of the most used instruments in this regard. Recently, electronic games have grown remarkably and, as in any sport, mental strength is essential for a successful performance. Thus, the aim of this study was to examine the psychometric properties of the MTI in Spanish, since it has not been validated in that language. The only existing study in the Spanish population is one with Mexican adults, but its objective was to examine its measurement invariance with respect to adult athletes from the United States. For this purpose, an intentional, non-probabilistic sample of 550 esports players (80% male) with a mean age of 22 years (SD = 3.91) from Buenos Aires, Argentina was formed. By dividing the sample into two groups at random, the results -both from exploratory and confirmatory factorial analyzes-yielded a unifactorial structure similar to that postulated by the authors of the questionnaire. Internal consistency was adequate with a value of.85. The construct validity of the questionnaire with anxiety and motivation for sports was detected, for which it would be an instrument with evidence of properties for a rapid measurement of the construct.; A força mental é um construto importante para no contexto do desporto, sendo o Índice de Resistência Mental (MTI) um dos instrumentos mais utilizados neste contexto. Nos últimos tempos, os jogos eletrônicos cresceram consideravelmente e, como em qualquer desporto, a força mental é essencial para um bom desempenho. Assim, o objetivo deste estudo foi examinar as propriedades psicométricas do MTI em espanhol, uma vez que não foi validado nesta língua. O único estudo existente na população espanhola foi com com adultos mexicanos, mas seu objetivo foi analisar a invariância em função de atletas adultos dos Estados Unidos. Para isso, recolheu-se uma amostra intencional e não probabilística de 550 jogadores de e-sports (80% do sexo masculino) com idade média de 22 anos (DP = 3,91) de Buenos Aires, Argentina. Ao dividir a amostra em dois grupos ao acaso, os resultados -tanto da análise fatorial exploratória e confirmatóriaproduziram uma estrutura unifatorial semelhante à postulada pelosautores do questionário. A consistência interna foi adequada com valor de 0,85. Foi detectada a validadede constructo do questionário com ansiedade e motivação no desporto, o que demonstra que o instrumento apresenta propriedades psicométricas adequadas para a avaliação do constructo em estudo.

Reading comprehension in undergraduates during the COVID-19 pandemic: Associations with executive function difficulties, reading habits and screen times Tabullo, Angel Javier; Chiofalo, María Florencia; Wainselboim, Alejandro Javier The COVID-19 pandemic and its concomitant restriction measures drastically altered the routines and learning formats of students from all levels. In addition, it has been shown that pandemic-related stress negatively impacted their mental health and cognitive functioning. Undergraduates have been signaled out as one of the populations most vulnerable to pandemic-related stressors. The following work examined the link between executive functions, perceived stress and reading comprehension among Argentinean university students during lockdown measures. In addition, potential effects of reading habits and screen exposure were considered. An executive function behavioral rating scale (ADEXI), a reading comprehension test and the PSS-10 stress questionnaire were administered to two-hundred social science students through an online survey. Executive difficulties increased with perceived stress, while lower inhibition was associated with longer TV times and being male. Stress and executive function associations can be interpreted as a detrimental effect, reverse or bidirectional causation. In turn, working memory issues led to worse comprehension (mediating the impact of perceived stress) while distal factors such as print exposure and mother education were positive predictors of reading outcomes (as expected). This finding suggests that undergraduates’ difficulties to manipulate online information interfered with expository text processing, resulting in poorer comprehension performance.

Enseñanza de matemáticas y ajustes razonables: Relato de una experiencia universitaria; Teaching Mathematics and reasonable accommodation: An account of a university experience Andrini, Leandro Ruben En este trabajo se relatará una experiencia particularllevada a cabo por un equipo de docentes de las dos primeras materias de la Lic. en Matemática, dictada en el Departamento de Matemática de la Facultad de Ciencias Exactas de la Universidad Nacional de La Plata. Esta experiencia fue coordinada desde la Dirección de Inclusión, Discapacidad y Derechos Humanos y la Secretaría de Asuntos Académicos de la Facultad, con amplia asistencia de la Dirección de Inclusión, Discapacidad y Derechos Humanos de la universidad, la que estuvo fundamentada atendiendo a las políticas de “ajustes razonables” consagradas en la Convención sobre los Derechos de las Personas con Discapacidad.; In this work a particular experience will be reported that was carried out by a team of teachers of the first two academic subjects of theDegree in Mathematics, dictated in the Department of Mathematics of the Faculty of Exact Sciences of the National University of La Plata. This experience was coordinated from the Directorate of Inclusion, Disability and Human Rights and theAcademicSecretariat of the Faculty, with extensive assistance of the Directorate of Inclusion, Disability and Human Rights of the University, based on the policies of“reasonable accommodation”enshrined in the Convention on the Rights of Persons with Disabilities.

Agendas mediática y pública en campaña electoral: Argentina, Ecuador y España; Media and public agendas in electoral campaigns: Argentina, Ecuador and Spain Rodríguez Díaz, Raquel; Chavero, Palmira; Aruguete, Natalia Las campañas electorales, afirma Maxwell McCombs (2004), son “laboratorios naturales” para analizar cuán cerca o cuán lejos se encuentran las propuestas programáticas de los partidos políticos, los asuntos tematizados mediáticamente y las preocupaciones que los públicos expresan en el ágora. Este artículo aporta un análisis comparativo en dos sentidos. Por un lado, sistematizamos las similitudes y diferencias existentes en las coberturas mediáticas de tres campañas de elecciones generales (Ecuador 2021, España 2019 y Argentina 2019), en base a indicadores relativos a la “agenda de temas” y la “agenda de atributos” (1° y 2° nivel de agenda setting). Por otro lado, exploramos las asociaciones existentes entre los temas destacados en las agendas mediáticas y públicas, en el marco de estas tres campañas electorales.Entre los resultados a los que arribamos, se destaca, en primer lugar, la disociación entre las principales preocupaciones expresadas por la opinión pública y los temas más destacados en los medios de referencia de los tres países, de tal manera que los medios (agenda mediática) ofrecen más visibilidad a los temas de conflicto político que a los temas de preocupación ciudadana (agenda pública). En segundo lugar, las agendas de los medios analizados a través de un análisis de contenido de los diarios El Comercio de Ecuador, El País de España y Clarín de Argentina se asemejan respecto de los temas menos experienciales [unobstrusive] (Zucker, 1978), tales como la corrupción o la actividad política, y se distinguen claramente en aquellos asuntos que encarnan los conflictos políticos y sociales propios de estos países.; Maxwell McCombs (2004) defines electoral campaigns as "natural laboratories" for analyzing how near or far the proposals of the programs of political parties, the issues as set out by the media and the concerns expressed by the general public are from each other. This article contributes a comparative analysis in two ways. On the one hand, it systematizes the existing similarities and differences in the media coverage of three general election campaigns (Ecuador 2021, Spain 2019 and Argentina 2019), based on the indicators concerning "issue agendas" and "attribute agendas" (1st and 2nd level of agenda setting). On the other hand, it explores the existing associations between the most significant issues of the media and public agendas in the framework of the three aforementioned electoral campaigns. Among the results obtained, it is worth pointing out, firstly, the dissociation of the main concerns expressed by public opinion and the most prominent issues in the main media of the three countries. In other words, the media (media agenda) give greater visibility to issues of political conflict than to issues of concerns of the citizens themselves (public agenda). Secondly, the agenda of the media studied using a content analysis of the following daily newspapers: El Comercio (Ecuador), El País (Spain) and Clarín (Argentina), is like the most unobtrusive issues (Zucker, 1978), such as corruption or political activity. They are clearly different from those issues which feature in the political and social conflicts of those countries.

Co-integrate Col3m bla NDM-1 -harboring plasmids in clinical Providencia rettgeri isolates from Argentina de Belder, Denise Gisele; Martino, Florencia; Tijet, Nathalie; Melano, Roberto G.; Faccone, Diego Francisco; de Mendieta, Juan Manuel; Rapoport, Melina; Albornoz, Ezequiel Pablo; Petroni, Alejandro; Tuduri, Ezequiel; Derdoy, Laura; Cogut, Sandra; Errecalde, Laura; Pasteran, Fernando; Corso, Alejandra; Gómez, Sonia Alejandra The first cases of blaNDM in Argentina were detected in three Providencia rettgeri (Pre) recovered from two hospitals in Buenos Aires city in 2013. The isolates were genetically related, but the plasmid profile was different. Here, we characterized the blaNDM-1-harboring plasmids of the first three cases detected in Argentina. Hybrid assembly obtained from short- and long-read sequencing rendered blaNDM-1 in Col3M plasmids of ca. 320 kb (p15268A_320) in isolate PreM15268, 210 kb (p15758B_210) in PreM15758, and 225 kb (p15973A_225) in PreM15973. In addition, PreM15758 harbored a 98-kb circular plasmid (p15758C_98) flanked by a putative recombination site (hin-TnAs2), with 100% nucleotide ID and coverage with p15628A_320. Analysis of PFGE/S1-nuclease gel, Southern hybridization with blaNDM-1 probe, hybrid assembly of short and long reads suggests that pM15758C_98 can integrate by homologous recombination. The three blaNDM-1-plasmids were non-conjugative in vitro. Moreover, tra genes were incomplete, and oriT was not found in the three blaNDM-1-plasmids. In two isolates, blaNDM-1 was embedded in a partially conserved structure flanked by two ISKox2. In addition, all plasmids harbored aph(3')-Ia, aph(3')-VI, and qnrD1 genes and aac(6´)Ib-cr, blaOXA-1, catB3, and arr3 as part of a class 1 integron. Also, p15268A_320 and p15973A_225 harbored blaPER-2. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first report of clinical P. rettgeri harboring blaNDM-1 in an atypical genetic environment and located in unusual chimeric Col3M plasmids. The study and continuous surveillance of these pathogens are crucial to tracking the evolution of these resistant plasmids and finding solutions to tackle their dissemination.

A model-based supersaturation estimator (inferential or soft-sensor) for industrial sugar crystallization process Morales Gonzalez, Humberto; Di Sciascio, Fernando Agustín; Aguirre Zapata, Estefanía; Amicarelli, Adriana Natacha The degree of supersaturation of the mother liquor is a key factor in improving the monitoring and control of the final stage of industrial sugar crystallization. However, the difficulty of obtaining online supersaturation measurements is one of the challenges associated with monitoring and controlling sugar crystallization. There is no direct method or single instrument for measuring supersaturation. It can only be calculated or inferred from other measurements. In the literature, estimators of mother liquor supersaturation are reported, typically focused on the first stage of crystallization. The SeedMaster series transmitters are the sole industrial instruments that provide online supersaturation information by calculating it from external measurements. The purpose of this study is to design a first-principles model-based soft-sensor as a practical alternative to obtain real-time information about supersaturation in the last stage of sugar crystallization. The proposed estimator relies on two models: a supersaturation model and a second simplified model of the last stage of crystallization. The parameters of both models were estimated based on real industrial data. The estimation is performed in three steps: 1. An Unscented Kalman Filter estimates the states of the crystallization model and their variance. 2. The estimated supersaturation value is obtained by substituting the estimated states into the supersaturation model. 3. The estimator's bias, and variance are calculated to establish error bounds. The main characteristics of the obtained estimator are: practical unbiasedness, nearly minimum variance and robustness. The performance and behavior of the supersaturation estimator are contrasted using real data from an industrial crystallization plant (Urbano Noris factory, Holguín, Cuba). Regardless of its initial conditions, the estimator converges to the three standard deviation error band in less than three minutes. The exact time may vary depending on how much the estimator's initial conditions deviate from those of the process. After this time (Reach Time), the estimates remain within the calculated error limits of three standard deviations. The maximum absolute errors obtained were less than 0.019 units, corresponding to a maximum relative error of less than 1.5%. These values are favorable since they are well below critical values (0.125 units of absolute error). Moreover, the error bands are much smaller than the operating zone width (approximately 0.25 units), which is a necessary condition for any supersaturation estimator to be useful. Finally, it should be noted that the errors have been reduced compared to the values reported in previous research focused on the sugar industry using other techniques.

Comprensión de oraciones con cláusulas relativas en niños de 6 a 11 años hablantes del español rioplatense; Relative clause sentence comprehension by rioplatense spanish-speaking children aged 6-11 years; Compreensão de frases com cláusulas relativas em crianças de 6 a 11 anos falantes do espanhol rioplatense Zamora, Dolores Jazmín; Barreyro, Juan Pablo; Sánchez, María Victoria; Martínez Cuitiño Carricaburo, María Macarena La comprensión de oraciones relativas ha sido el objeto de numerosas investigaciones en población infantil, pero pocas logran establecer la etapa en la que aquellas se adquieren y los estudios en español son escasos. El objetivo de esta investigación es comparar el desempeño de niños hablantes de español rioplatense en la comprensión de oraciones relativas. Se evaluaron 105 niños de tres grupos etarios—6-7, 8-9 y 10-11 años—en una tarea de comprensión oral de oraciones relativas de sujeto y de objeto. Los resultados muestran diferencias significativas en el rendimiento de los grupos. Los niños de todas las edades tienen dificultades para comprender relativas de objeto, mientras que el desempeño en relativas de sujeto varía según la posición en la que se encuentra incrustada la cláusula subordinada.; Relative clause comprehension has been the object of numerous investigations in children, but few have been able to establish the stage in which it is acquired, and research in Spanish is scarce. The aim of this study is to compare the performance of Rioplatense Spanish-speaking children in the comprehension of relative clauses. For that purpose, a total of 105 children from three age groups: 6-7, 8-9, and 10-11 years old, respectively, were assessed with an oral comprehension task of subject and object relative clauses. Results show significant differences in the performance of each group. Children of all ages have difficulty understanding object relative clauses, while performance in subject relative clauses depends on the position of the subordinate clause.; A compreensão de orações relativas tem sido objeto de inúmeras investigações em crianças, mas poucas conseguiram estabelecer o estágio em que ela é adquirida, e os estudos em espanhol são escassos. O objetivo deste estudo é comparar o desempenho de crianças falantes de espanhol rioplatenses na compreensão de orações relativas. Para isso, 105 crianças de três faixas etárias: 6-7, 8-9 e 10-11 anos, respectivamente, foram avaliadas com uma tarefa de compreensão oral de orações relativas de sujeito e objeto. Os resultados mostram diferenças significativas no desempenho dos grupos. Crianças de todas as idades têm dificuldade em compreender orações relativas ao objeto, enquanto o desempenho nas orações relativas ao sujeito depende da posição da oração subordinada.

Essential and toxic elements in juvenile migratory commercial fish species in the Paraná River alluvial valley (South America): an approach for aquatic environmental monitoring Llamazares Vegh, Sabina; Biolé, Fernanda Gabriela; Volpedo, Alejandra The Paraná River is the sixth largest in the world, and the lower section of the river is one of the largest and most productive floodplain wetlands in South America. The alluvial plain is an important habitat for nursery and feeding areas for commercial fish; however, it has been heavily anthropized due to industries, agricultural activities, and the growth and expansion of metropolitan areas. The aim of this study was to determine element accumulation (As, Cd, Cr, Cu, Fe, Mn, Pb, and Zn) in young-of-the-year fish muscle from a floodplain lagoon of the lower Paraná River (Argentina) during summer and winter seasons, in relation with abiotic matrices (water and sediment). Four commercial fish species were assessed: sábalo (Prochilodus lineatus), boga (Megaleporinus obtusidens), dorado (Salminus brasiliensis), and pirapitá (Brycon orbignyanus). The concentrations of eight elements were detected by quadrupole inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry. In water samples, Cd, Cr, Mn, Fe, and Zn levels were under the permissible limits for aquatic biota protection in both seasons, except for Pb (> 1 μg L−1) and Cu (> 2 μg L−1). In sediment, the average concentrations of all elements were under the limits set by national and international regulatory authorities. Differences in elemental concentrations between species and seasons were found. In general, the levels of elements in water were higher in summer than in winter, while in sediment, the lowest concentrations of elements were detected during the summer. The order of element concentration in fish muscle was Cd (0.01–0.04 μg g−1) < As (0.02–0.16 μg g−1) < Pb (0.03–0.23 μg g−1) < Mn (0.77–4.32 μg g−1) < Cu (1.01–4.07 μg g−1) < Cr (1.09–4.30 μg g−1) < Zn (15.8–31.7 μg g −1) < Fe (12.6–49.7 μg g−1). The accumulation assessment showed that the four fish species significantly accumulate Cr, Cu and Zn, and As and Zn from water and sediment, respectively. The correlation analysis showed a relationship between fish size and As, Cr, Cu, Fe, Mn, and Zn concentrations. Similarly, the highest values of element concentrations in muscle were detected during the summer when the fishes are early juveniles. The level of As, Cd, and Pb detected in B. orbignyanus, M. obtusidens, and P. lineatus juveniles suggested that these species had the potential to be used as biomarkers for assessing accumulation of toxic elements in the environment. Also, this study reveals that the accumulation patterns differ between size and fish species, which should be a considered insight at the moment of selecting a bioindicator to monitor pollution in the ecosystem.

Dimorfismo sexual de las aletas pélvicas en Potamotrygon motoro (Batoidea: Potamotrigonidae); Sexual dimorphism of the pelvic fins in Potamotrygon motoro (Batoid: Potamotrigonidae) Pérez, Dante; Olea, Gabriela Beatriz; Blanco Cohene, Tania Katherina; Rodriguez, Florencia Evelyn; Flores Quintana, Carolina Isabel Los claspers en los condrictios son alargamientos especializados en el lado posterior de las aletas pélvicas de los machos que se utilizan para la transferencia de esperma durante la cópula. El objetivo del presente estudio fue la descripción y caracterización de la morfología externa y los componentes esqueléticos en aletas pélvicas del clasper de Potamotrygon motoro (Batoidea: Potamotrygonidae). Se trabajó con tres ejemplares juveniles (2 machos y 1 hembra) y dos ejemplares adultos (1 macho y 1 hembra) provenientes del Rio Paraná, Corrientes Capital. Las muestras se fijaron en formol al 10%, y procesadas mediante la técnica de diafanización. El material fue conservado en glicerol para su observación. Macroscópicamente, el dimorfismo sexual se hace evidente en machos, mediante una estructura en la región posterior denominada clasper, de forma cónica ligeramente ahusada, visible dorsal y ventralmente. En muestras diafanizadas se puede distinguir los elementos cartilaginosos posteriores, diferenciándose un propterigioy un basipterigio, que unidos a este se localizan los segmentos basales y los cartílagosradiales de las aletas pélvicas; sin embargo, solo los machos desarrollan un clasper omixopterigio. En las hembras, las únicas estructuras esqueléticas posteriores al basipterigioson pequeños elementos nodulares (cartílagos terminales). Se evidenció que estos ejemplares en sus primeros días de vida ya presentan el dimorfismo sexual asociado a lapresencia de clasper en machos y su ausencia en hembras; sin embargo, los machosjuveniles no presentan el desarrollo total del mixopterigio que forma el clasper.; Claspers in chondrichthyans are specialized elongations on the posterior side of the pelvic fins of males that are used for sperm transfer during copulation. The aim of this study was the description and characterization of the external morphology and skeletal components of the pelvic fin clasper of Potamotrygon motoro (Batoidea: Potamotrygonidae). The study included three juvenile specimens (2 males and 1 female) and two adult specimens (1 male and 1 female) from the Paraná River, Corrientes Capital. The samples were fixed in 10% formalin and processed using the diaphanization technique. The material was preserved in glycerol for observation. Macroscopically, sexual dimorphism is evident in males, through a structure in the posterior region called a clasper, with a slightly tapered conical shape, visible dorsally and ventrally. In diaphanous samples, the posterior cartilaginous elements can be distinguished, differentiating a propterygium and a basipterygium, which together with it are located the basal segments and the radial cartilages of the pelvic fins; however, only males develop a clasper or mixopterygian. In females, the only skeletal structures posterior to the basipterygium are small nodular elements (terminal cartilages). It was evidenced that these specimens in their first days of life already present the sexual dimorphism associated with the presence of clasper in males and its absence in females; however, juvenile males do not present the full development of the mixopterygian that forms the clasper.

Geographic distribution notes: Tachymenis trigonata Avila, Luciano Javier; Udrizar Sauthier, Daniel Edgardo; Nuñez, Matias; Sugliano, Pablo Se realiza la cita más austral para la especie de serpientes Tachymenis trigonata.

Aproximación a la percepción de seguridad lingüística objetiva entre estudiantes, docentes y graduados universitarios; Approach to the perception of linguistic safety among students, teachers and university graduates De- Matteis, Lorena Marta Amalia La noción laboviana de inseguridad lingüística (1966) ha sido extensamente discutida como experiencia subjetiva (Francard et al., 1993; Bretegnier y Ledegen, 2002; Meyerhoff, 2006; Preston, 2013; Hennecke y Varga, 2020, entre otros), pero es también posible considerar una categoría objetiva para caracterizar contextos profesionales desde una perspectiva lingüístico-comunicativa (Mitchell, 2016; de- Matteis, 2020).
Este trabajo sistematiza las percepciones de estudiantes, graduados y docentes  universitarios en torno a la importancia de sus interacciones para la seguridad de tareas profesionales a partir de un cuestionario implementado en línea en el ámbito de la Universidad Nacional del Sur. El análisis cuali-cuantitativo de las respuestas sugiere que los mayores niveles de concienciación lingüística (Garrett, 2010) y comunicativa sobre la relación entre comunicación y seguridad se registran en carreras cuyos egresados podrán desempeñarse en ambientes socio-técnicos o en las que la comunicación constituye parte esencial del desempeño profesional.; The Labovian notion of linguistic insecurity (1966) has been extensively discussed as a subjective experience (Francard et al., 1993; Bretegnier y Ledegen, 2002; Meyerhoff, 2006; Preston, 2013; Hennecke and Varga, 2020, etc.), but it is also possible to consider an objective category to characterize professional contexts from a linguistic-communicative perspective (Mitchell, 2016; de- Matteis, 2020). is work systematizes the perceptions of students, graduates and university professors about the importance of their interactions for the safety of professional tasks as presented in the answers to a questionnaire implemented within the community of Universidad Nacional del Sur. e quali-quantitative analysis of the responses suggests that the highest levels of linguistic (Garrett, 2010) and communicative awareness about the relationship between communication and safety are registered in careers whose graduates will be able to work in socio-technical environments or in which communication is an essential part of professional performance.

Origen y evolución de lagunas costeras de la región pampeana: Mar Chiquita, Las Brusquitas y Reta (provincia de Buenos Aires, Argentina); Origin And Evolution Of Coastal Lagoonsfrom. The Pampean Region: Mar Chiquita,Las Brusquitas, Reta (Buenos Aires province, Argentina) Isla, Federico Ignacio; Bedmar, José Manuel; Vélez Agudelo, Camilo Andrés; Cortizo, Luis Camilo Low-lying coasts are specially conditioned for the origin and development of coastal lagoons. The Pampean region (Buenos Aires, Argentina) contains the surplus of a sea level fluctuation that occurred d during the last 6000 years. This report shows results from the study of three coastal lagoons at different stages of their evolution: Mar Chiquita coastal lagoon, Las Brusquitas estuarine lagoon, and the small coastal lagoon of Balneario Reta. The long-term evolution is considered in the case of Mar Chiquita and Las Brusquitas, while modern trends are also described for the Mar Chiquita silting problems and the urbanisation of the Reta village surrounding the lagoon. The study is based on radiocarbon datings, salinity analyses, and sedimentological records on outcrops and piston cores. At Mar Chiquita coastal lagoon, a shallow open bay has been restricting since the Middle Holocene, causing the development of marshes and tidal flats between cheniers and regressive spits. Its evolution is therefore conditioned to high-energy events that reworked bioclastic sands (cheniers and regressive spits) and the silting of fine sediments. The sequence cropping out at the outlet of the Las Brusquitas creek extended temporally between 6190 and 2380 14 C years BP; the estuarine lagoon was located at the outlet of two creeks. New outcrops exhumed and radiocarbon datings indicated this new interpretation of the site as an estuarine lagoon silted in the last 2000 years. The small estuarine lagoon (“microalbufera”) of Balneario Reta is another wetland flooded by the increase in water discharge due to artificial channels. The connection to the sea depends on the effects of high tides and winds blowing from the south. The contents in diatom assemblages were interpreted as indicators of changes in salinity balances during the Late Holocene. Oligohaline specimens dominated at the three coastal lagoons; polihaline and mesohaline assemblages characterise some intervals at the Mar Chiquita and Las Brusquitas sedimentary sequences. In order to preserve these coastal lagoons and the natural reserves related, it is necessary to preserve their dynamics according to forecasted sea level rise, and the water balances between salt and fresh waters.; Las costas bajas están especialmente condicionadas por el origen y desarrollo de lagunas costeras. La región pampeana (Buenos Aires, Argentina) contiene además el registro de la fluctuación del nivel del mar que ocurrió en los últimos 6000 años. Este informe muestra los resultados de tres lagunas costeras en diferentes estadíos de sus evoluciones: Mar Chiquita, arroyo Las Brusquitas y la pequeña laguna costera del Balneario Reta. La evolución a largo plazo es considerada en Mar Chiquita y Las Brusquitas mientras que tendencias modernas son descriptas tanto para los problemas de sedimentación en Mar Chiquita como la urbanización de la villa de Reta que rodea la laguna costera. El estudio está basado en dataciones radiocarbónicas, análisis de salinidad y registros sedimentológicos de afloramientos y de testigos obtenidos por piston cores. En la laguna costera Mar Chiquita, una amplia bahía poco profunda se fue restringiendo desde el Holoceno Medio, originando el desarrollo de marismas y planicies mareales entre cheniers y espigas regresivas. Su evolución está de este modo condicionada a eventos de alta energía que retrabajaron arenas bioclásticas (cheniers y espigas regresivas) y la sedimentación con material fino. La secuencia que aflora en la desembocadura del Arroyo Las Brusquitas se extendió temporalmente entre 6190 y 2380 años radiocarbónicos AP; la laguna estuarina se desarrolló en la desembocadura de dos arroyos. Nuevos afloramientos exhumados y dataciones radiocarbónicas indicaron nuevas interpretaciones como una laguna estuarina que se colmató en los últimos 2000 años. La pequeña laguna estuarina (“microalbufera”) del Balneario Reta es otro humedal inundado por el aumento del drenaje inducido por canales artificiales. La conexión con el mar depende de los efectos de mareas altas y los vientos soplando desde el sur. Los contenidos en asociaciones de diatomeas fueron interpretadas en cambios en los balances salinos durante el Holoceno tardío. Especies oligohalinas dominan en las tres lagunas costeras; asociaciones polihalinas y mesohalinas caracterizan algunos intervalos en las secuencias sedimentarias de Mar Chiquita y Las Brusquitas. Con el objeto de preservar estas lagunas costeras y las reservas naturales asociadas, es necesario preservar sus dinámicas de acuerdo al aumento previsto del nivel del mar, y los balances entre aguas dulces y saladas.

El Zorzalito Boreal (Catharus ustulatus): una nueva especie para la avifauna de la provincia de Corrientes, Argentina.; The swainson’s thrush (catharus ustulatus): a new species for the avifauna of Corrientes Province, Argentina Fariña, Nestor; Villalba, Olga; Di Sallo, Facundo Gabriel El Zorzalito Boreal (Catharus ustulatus) nidifica en Norteamérica y luego visita el oeste de Sudamérica, alcanzando el noroeste y centro-oeste de Argentina. Reportamos los primeros registros de Zorzalito Boreal en la Provincia de Corrientes, Argentina. Los registros documentados por medio de una captura con red de niebla y grabaciones de voces se produjeron en la Reserva Natural Rincón de Santa María, departamento Ituzaingó. Adicionalmente aportamos datos biométricos del ejemplar capturado. Estas observaciones constituyen un nuevo registro fuera de su área de invernada habitual.; The Swainson’s Thrush (Catharus ustulatus) breeds in North America and then visits western South America, reaching northwest and west-central Argentina. We report the first records of Swainson’s Thrush in Corrientes Province, Argentina. We captured the birds using mist nets and recorded their vocalizations in the Rincón de Santa María Nature Reserve, Ituzaingó department. Additionally, we provide biometric data of the captured specimen. The present record of Swainson’s Thrush in Corrientes is a new record outside its usual wintering area.

SES Dashboard: A linked data platform to manage data on Southern Elephant Sea Zárate, Marcos Daniel; Eder, Elena Beatriz; Delrieux, Claudio Augusto; Lewis, Mirtha Noemi; Nuñez, Gustavo Marcelo; Ceballos, Luis Dario In this paper we present SES Dashboard, a linked data platform developed to manage information ofSouthern Elephant Seals (Mirounga leonina Linnaeus, 1758) from Península Valdés colony (Patagonia,Argentina), collected over more than two decades of research. Southern elephant seals spend most oftheir time foraging at sea, alternating with two short and highly synchronized haul-outs ashore forbreeding and molting. On land, the distribution of the colony extends along ≈350 km, while at seaindividuals travel thousands of kilometers The information recorded is mainly based on georeferenceddata from censuses, bioregisters (trajectories at sea and hydrographic pro¦les), and bibliographybased on the above data.

Paleontological record of a Gondwana cretaceous paleolakes as proxi for paleoclimate reconstruction; Registro Paleontológico de un Paleolago Cretácico de Gondwana como Proxy para reconstrucciones paleoclimáticas Benavente, Cecilia Andrea; Balaguer Gasull, Juan Ignacio; Giordano, Paula Guillermina; Mancuso, Adriana Cecilia; Arcucci, Andrea Beatriz The La Cantera Formation (Aptian) represents an underfilled lake system developed in an extensional basin during the Cretaceoushothouse and it bears an abundant and diverse fossil record. Our goal was to investigate paleoclimate conditions of the unit from a multiproxyapproach. We analyzed two proxies: a) the stable isotope (carbon and oxygen) composition of basal Actinopterygii and Neopterygii fish remainsand from indeterminate plant remains; and b) the clay mineral assemblage composition; providing two independent lines of evidence toreconstruct paleoclimate conditions including paleotemperature calculations for lake waters. The values obtained for fish remains for δ13Crange between -8.4 and -1.3 ‰(δ13C = χ -5.57‰; σ ± 2.25); and δ18O values that vary between -5.7 and -3.6‰(δ18O = χ -4.33‰; σ ± 0.84); inthe case of plant remains δ13C values range between -25.8 and -22.8‰(δ13C = χ -25‰-4.33). Paleotemperatures obtained from δ18O for thewater column ranged between 23.33 to 35.80 ºC. Plant δ13C signature allowed obtaining a δ13CCO2 composition of -5 ‰. This agrees with theinterpretation of the La Cantera originating from sediment deposition in an underfilled lake basin and with the global climate context of theCretaceous. The clay mineral assemblage is dominated by illite-smectite indicating enhanced hydrolysis and seasonal rainfall supportingtemporal warmup of the lake. Our data supports aridity conditions during the La Cantera paleolake existence. These findings suggest thatgeochemical proxies of paleontological datasets are accurate for paleoclimate reconstructions for the deep time records of the La Canteralacustrine system.; La Formación La Cantera representa un sistema lacustre underfilled desarrollado en una cuenca extensional durante la casa cálida del Cretácico y posee un registro fósil abundante y diverso. Investigamos las condiciones paleoclimáticas para la unidad desde un enfoque multiproxy. Analizamos dos proxies: a) la composición isotópica del carbono y del oxígeno de peces Actinopterygii basales y Neopterygii y de restos de plantas; y b) la composición de los ensambles de arcillas; aportando líneas de evidencia independientes a la reconstrucción paleoclimática. Los valores obtenidos para peces de δ13C varían entre -8.4 y -1.3‰ (δ13C = χ -5.57‰; σ ± 2.25); y para δ18O varían entre -5.7 y -3.6‰ (δ18O = χ -4.33‰; σ ± 0.84); en el caso de las plantas varían entre -25.8 y -22.8‰ (δ13C = χ -25‰; σ ± 4.33). Las paleotemperaturas obtenidas a partir del δ18O para la columna de agua fueron de 23.33 a 35.80 °C. La firma isotópica del δ13C de las plantas permitió obtener la composición de δ13CCO2 de -5 ‰. Esto concuerda con la interpretación de que La Formación Cantera pudo haberse originado a partir de la depositación de sedimentos en un paleolago underfilled y con el contexto paleoclimático global del Cretácico. Los ensambles de arcillas están dominados por illita-esmectita indicando un índice de hidrólisis elevado y estacionalidad en las precipitaciones lo que apoya el calentamiento temporal del cuerpo de agua. Estos datos indican condiciones de aridez durante la existencia del paleolago La Cantera y sugieren que los proxies geoquímicos de las bases de datos paleontológicas son precisos para la reconstrucción del paleoclima local en tiempo profundo de la Formación La Cantera.