Anti-melanoma vaccinal capacity of CD11c-positive and CD11c-negative cell populations present in GM-CSF cultures derived from murine bone marrow precursors Campisano, Sabrina Edith; Mac Keon, Soledad; Gazzaniga, Silvina Noemí; Ruiz, María Sol; Dodes Traian, Martín Miguel; Mordoh, Jose; Wainstok, Rosa We have initially shown that DC/ApoNec vaccine can induce protection against the poorly immunogenic B16F1 melanoma in mice. The population of DC obtained for vaccination after 7days culture with murine GM-CSF is heterogeneous and presents about 60% of CD11c+ DC. Therefore, our purpose was to identify the phenotype of the cells obtained after differentiation and its immunogenicity once injected. DC were separated with anti-CD11c microbeads and the two populations identified in terms of CD11c positivity (DC+ and DC-) were also studied. Approximately 26.6% of the cells in DC+ fraction co-expressed CD11c+ and F4/80 markers and 75.4% were double positive for CD11c and CD11b markers. DC+ fraction also expressed Ly6G. DC- fraction was richer in CD11c-/F4/80+ macrophages (44.7%), some of which co-expressed Ly6G (41.8%), and F4/80-/Ly6-G+ neutrophils (34.6%). Both DC+ and DC- fractions displayed similar capacity to phagocyte and endocyte antigens and even expressed levels of MHC Class II and CD80, CD83 and CD86 costimulatory molecules similar to those in the DC fraction. However, only DC/ApoNec vaccine was capable to induce protection in mice (p<0.01). After 24h co-culture, no detectable level of IL-12 was recorded in DC/ApoNec vaccine, either in supernatant or intracellularly. Therefore, the protection obtained with DC/ApoNec vaccine seemed to be independent of the vaccine´s ability to secrete this inflammatory cytokine at the time of injection. In conclusion, we demonstrated that all cell types derived from the culture of mouse bone marrow with GM-CSF are necessary to induce antitumor protection in vivo.

Variabilidad de estrategias tecnológicas líticas durante el Período Formativo (ca. 2400 - 1400 ap) en la puna de Salta Mercuri, Cecilia El presente trabajo de tesis doctoral constituye un aporte al conocimiento de las tecnologías líticas de las primeras sociedades productoras de alimentos de las tierras altas del Noroeste Argentino. El interés es explorar la diversidad de conjuntos líticos que comparten ciertas características contextuales en un área y un tiempo relativamente acotados: la Puna de Salta durante el Formativo. Asimismo, a partir de este estudio tecnológico lítico, el desarrollo del trabajo está orientado a vincular la diversidad de las estrategias de subsistencia, las interacciones sociales y los procesos de transmisión cultural que tuvieron lugar en dos áreas de la Puna salteña.

Skeletogenesis in anurans: cranial and postcranial development inmetamorphic and postmetamorphic stages of Leptodactylus bufonius (Anura: Leptodactylidae) Vera, Miriam Corina; Ponssa, María Laura Osteological studies of anurans generally have focused on the descriptions of adults and larval chondrocrania, including developmental series of chondrocrania. Thus, the changes occurring during postmetamorphic stages have largely been overlooked. Herein, we describe cranial and postcranial skeletogenesis, and change in skull shape through the metamorphic and postmetamorphic development of Leptodactylus bufonius. Several elements, particularly those of the cranium, are already ossified at metamorphic climax; among these elements are the frontoparietals, prootics, premaxillae, maxillae, squamosals, pterygoids, neopalatines, angulosplenials, dentaries, mentomeckelians, and the mesosternum. Determining the exact timing of ossification of some elements is difficult because variation in their development may result from extrinsic factors. The otic region and that of the jaw closure undergo the greatest changes in shape, which may imply functional constraints. The development of many skeletal elements is still incomplete at metamorphosis; thus, the changes occurring postmetamorphically are crucial to achieving the configuration and function of an adult skeleton.

Modeling the influence of MgSO4 invariant points on multiphase reactive transport process during saline soil evaporation Gamazo, P.; Saaltink, M. W.; Carrera, J.; Slooten, L. J.; Bea, Sergio Andrés; Gran, M. In the present work, we modeled a laboratory experiment where a sand column saturated with a MgSO4 solution is subject to evaporation. We used a compositional formulation capable of representing the effect of geochemistry on flow and transport for concentrated solutions under extreme dry conditions. The model accounts for the water sink/sources terms due to hydrated mineral dissolution/precipitation and the occurrence of invariant points, which prescribe the water activity. Results show that the occurrence of the invariant points at the top of the domain could affect the vapor flux at the column top and salt precipitation along the column. In fact, the invariant points occurrence could explain the spatial fluctuation on the salt precipitates formation. Results also suggest that the complex hydrochemical interactions occurring during soil salinization, including osmotic effects, are crucial not only to understand the salt precipitation, but also the evaporation rate.

New records and notes on gasteroid fungi of arid regions in Argentina Kuhar, José Francisco; Castiglia, Valeria Carolina; Zamora, Juan Carlos; Papinutti, Víctor Leandro A survey of gasteroid fungi from arid regions in the La Rioja province (northwestern Argentina) resulted in 20 species of 13 genera. Each species is briefly commented on and descriptions are provided for taxa poorly known or with few records in the world. In addition, photographs of basidiomata and SEM micrographs illustrating basidiospores are provided for most of the taxa. The most noticeable records are Bovista grandipora, new for Argentina, Schizostoma argentinense with few records in the world, and Vascellum intermedium and Disciseda verrucosa, new for South America. In addition, the distribution of the species among the main types of habitat is discussed in relation to spore release and humidity.

Construcciones de género en la escuela secundaria Molina, Guadalupe Esta presentación propone discutir en torno a las construcciones de género que despliegan las y los estudiantes en la escuela secundaria. Observar y analizar de qué modos las y los estudiantes secundarios hacen género (West y Zimmerman, 1999) abre un espacio de indagación que puede ser útil no solo para conocer: 1) cómo se están desarrollando actualmente las relaciones entre chicas y chicos en la escuela, sino también 2)¿cómo la escuela participa de dichas construcciones, desde cierto "régimen de género" (Connell, 2001), y en un tiempo histórico donde variados debates sobre la diversidad sexual, el derecho a decidir sobre la propia sexualidad, el matrimonio, el lugar de la mujer, entre otros, atraviesan la escuela desde vertientes sociales, culturales, políticos y legales más amplias. Para ello tomo como referente empírico parte del material de campo de una investigación etnográfica desarrollada en escuelas secundarias públicas de la Ciudad de Córdoba, que se pregunta por los sentidos y prácticas puestas en juego en las construcciones de género y sexualidad que estudiantes secundarios despliegan en su experiencia escolar. Particularmente, quisiera poner en consideración los procesos de diferenciación producidos entre estudiantes de un 5° año, en el que dos grupos de alumnas ensayan y disputan posicionamientos genéricos al calor de diversos avatares socioculturales y escolares.

Influence of talc genesis and particle surface on the crystallization kinetics of polypropylene/talc composites Castillo, Luciana Andrea; Barbosa, Silvia Elena; Capiati, Numa Jose Talc is a laminar silicate, considered as an excellent nucleating agent for polypropylene (PP) crystallization. However, properties of PP/talc composites depend on the morphology, size, and surface of mineral particles. In this sense, talc from several ores, having different morphology, imparts specific characteristics on these materials. Also, taking into account that PP-talc adhesion is not necessarily good due to the apolar character of PP, talc surface has been modified in order to increase this parameter. In this work, the effects of talc genesis, geomorphologic aspects, and particle surface characteristics on crystallization of PP/talc composites are analyzed. Isothermal crystallization of PP/talc composites was studied by using differential scanning calorimetry, based on Avrami model. The final crystalline morphology of talc-filled PP was analyzed by means optical microscopy. The results show that the blocky talc morphology favors even more the crystallization compared to the platy one, at the same particle size. Taking into account the surface treatment studied in this work, the talc surface is made hydrophobic and the particle delamination is favored. As a consequence, so-modified talc is very effective in increasing the crystallization temperature of PP and the nuclei number that grow during the crystallization with respect to the untreated talc.

Insights into post-transcriptional regulation during legume-rhizobia symbiosis Reynoso, Mauricio Alberto; Blanco, Flavio Antonio; Zanetti, María Eugenia During the past ten years, changes in the transcriptome have been assessed at different stages of the legume-rhizobia association by the use of DNA microarrays and, more recently, by RNA sequencing technologies. These studies allowed the identification of hundred or thousand of genes whose steadystate mRNA levels increase or decrease upon bacterial infection or in nodules as compared with uninfected roots.1-7 However, transcriptome based-approaches do not distinguish between mRNAs that are being actively translated, stored as messenger ribonucleoproteins (mRNPs) or targeted for degradation. Despite that the increase in steady-state levels of an mRNA does not necessarily correlate with an increase in abundance or activity of the encoded protein, this information has been commonly used to select genes that are candidates to play a role during nodule organogenesis or bacterial infection. Such criterion does not take into account the post-transcriptional mechanisms that contribute to the regulation of gene expression. One of such mechanisms, which has significant impact on gene expression, is the selective recruitment of mRNAs to the translational machinery. Here, we review the post-transcriptional mechanisms that contribute to the regulation of gene expression in the context of the ecological and agronomical important symbiotic interaction established between roots of legumes and the nitrogen fixing bacteria collectively known as rhizobia.8 In addition, we discuss how the development of new technologies that allow the assessment of these regulatory layers would help to understand the genetic network governing legume rhizobia symbiosis.

Análisis estructural, ultraestructural y desarrollo ontogenético de los tricomas glandulares de Smallanthus sonchifolius (Asteraceae), «yacón»; Structure, ultrastructure and ontegenetic development of glandular trichomes of Smallanthus sonchifolius (Asteraceae), «yacón» Mercado, Maria Ines; Coll Araoz, Maria Victoria; Ruiz, Ana I.; Grau, Alfredo; Ponessa, Graciela Ines Se describe el desarrollo ontogenético, anatómico y ultraestructural de tricomas glandulares (TG) durante el desarrollo foliar y el ciclo anual vegetativo de Smallanthus sonchifolius (Poepp. & Endl.) H. Rob. «yacón», un cultivo andino. Para ello se utilizó una combinación de técnicas de microscopía óptica y electrónica. Los TG de las hojas de «yacón» se hallan completamente desarrollados y concluyen su actividad secretora en etapas tempranas del desarrollo foliar. La secreción de los TG constituida mayormente por lactonas sesquiterpénicas, en parte respon- sables de la actividad antidiabética de las hojas, es acumulada bajo la cutícula y liberada solo por acción mecánica. Este trabajo contribuye a la comprensión de las defensas químicas foliares del «yacón» y permite diseñar técnicas de cosecha apuntando a la elaboración de infusiones con fines medicinales.; Anatomical and ultrastructural changes occurring in glandular trichomes (GT) during leaf development and during the annual growth cycle of the Andean crop Smallanthus sonchifolius (Poepp. & Endl.) H. Rob. «yacón», were studied using a combination of light and electron microscopy. GT are fully established and their secretory activity appears to be concluded at early stages of leaf development. GT secretion is mainly constituted by sesquiterpene lactones, partly responsible for the antidiabetic activity of leaves, that are accumulated underneath the cuticle and released only when GT are mechanically disrupted. This study contributes to the understanding of «yacón» leaves chemical defenses and to improve harvesting techniques aiming at its pharmacological use.

Argentine: Ni oubli ni pardon?; Argentina: No Forgetting, No Forgiveness Hilb, Claudia Beatriz À la différence de ce qui s’est produit en d’autres lieux, en Argentine, le langage du pardon, du repentir et de la réconciliation est totalement absent des débats autour du traitement des crimes de la dictature entre 1976 et 1983. La justice punitive apparaît comme l’unique réponse acceptable...

The garnet - phosphate buffer in peraluminous granitic magmas: A case study from pegmatites in the Pocho district, Córdoba, Argentina Colombo, Fernando; Sfragulla, Jorge Alberto; González del Tánago, José Members of the beusite–graftonite series [Mn/(Mn+Fe) between 0.47 and 0.65] appear associated to P-bearing garnet (up to 1.10 wt.% P2O5 in the crystal cores) in two primitive pegmatites of the Pocho district, Córdoba, central Argentina. Elemental maps and electron-microprobe analyses show that garnet has an irregular P distribution, with depleted rims. Textural features of garnet (resorbed margins, isolated relics in beusite, truncated zoning) and similar Mn/Fe values in garnet and beusite indicate that the phosphate formed by destabilization of garnet. The crystallization temperatures of the zones where garnet + beusite occur are 420°C (Tablada I) and 522°C (Cerro Moreno), and the P2O5 content in the melt of the middle intermediate zone at Tablada I is 0.82–0.91 wt.% (estimated using P in feldspars). One possible explanation involves the onset of garnet crystallization before the nucleation of beusite, while the P content of the magma was not buffered. As magmatic evolution progressed, P content increased and eventually reached levels high enough to stabilize mafic phosphates. For some time garnet co-crystallized with beusite; this is reflected by P-depleted zones in garnet. With P build-up, eventually mafic silicates became unstable and were replaced by phosphates. The low activities of F, Li and Na contributed to stabilize beusite. The modest degree of evolution of the pegmatites is indicated by very high Mg content of the phosphates. Beusite has primary inclusions of Mg-rich phosphates, one belonging to the alluaudite group and the other one possibly belonging to the triplite or wolfeite groups. Breakdown of beusite under oxidizing hydrothermal conditions produced, among others, mitridatite and jahnsite-(CaMnMg).

El caso de la "mala vida", peligrosidad y prevención de conductas marginales en Revista de Criminología, Psiquiatría, Medicina Legal y Ciencias Afines, en Buenos Aires, 1914-1923; The case of the "lowlife": Perceptions of danger and the prevention of disreputable behaviors in the Revista de Criminología, Psiquiatría, Medicina Legal y Ciencias Afines in Buenos Aires, 1914-1923 Dovio, Mariana En este trabajo analizamos la construcción de la noción de "mala vida" en la ciudad de Buenos Aires en la Revista de Criminología, Psiquiatría y Medicina Legal entre 1914 y 1923, mientras fue dirigida por Helvio Fernández. Nos dedicaremos a analizar la "mala vida", entendiendo por tal aquellas conductas ubicadas en una zona fronteriza entre el crimen y la locura, a partir de la cuestión de la prevención y la peligrosidad. La primera, la entendemos vinculada a proyectos de intervención para los considerados "malvivientes", entre ellos proyectos de instituciones ligados a la eugenesia para el encierro preventivo de peligrosos, "alcoholistas" y vagabundos. La segunda, a la identificación, en términos morales y físicos, de quien pudiera potencialmente dañar de algún modo al cuerpo social.; We analyze the construction of the notion of the ‘lowlife’ in the city of Buenos Aires in the Revista de Criminología, Psiquiatría y Medicina Legal, from 1914-1923. We shall analyze the notion of ‘lowlife’, meaning behaviors situated in a border zone between crime and madness, from the point of view of prevention and perception of danger. The first way of analyzing the ‘lowlife’ examines institutional projects that were related to eugenics and that advocated preventive detention of dangerous people, ‘alcoholists’ and vagrants. The second involves identifying in moral and physical terms the kind of people who were targeted in the creation of intervention projects for those considered to be ‘lowlifes’, who could potentially damage the fabric of society in some way.

Integración de contenidos en la asignatura "Práctica y Laboratorio III" de la carrera ingeniería eléctrica Colomé, Delia Graciela; Serrano Mora, Juan Manuel En este trabajo se presenta la experiencia didáctica de docentes de la asignatura Práctica y Laboratorio III, de la carrera de Ingeniería Eléctrica, en la integración de contenidos de asignaturas pertenecientes a los bloques de las tecnologías básicas y aplicadas, a través de problemas de ingeniería. Problemas, que han sido definidos y elaborados sobre la base de la experiencia adquirida por los docentes, en su participación en proyectos de investigación y en convenios de transferencia de tecnología con empresas del sector eléctrico. En ellos se incluye la aplicación de conceptos teóricos y de técnicas de análisis, cálculo, modelación y simulación, estudiadas en la carrera, a los sistemas de generación, transmisión y distribución de energía eléctrica. El propósito de esta experiencia didáctica es lograr, a través de la aplicación e integración de los contenidos estudiados en la carrera en el análisis de problemas reales de ingeniería eléctrica, un aprendizaje exitoso y que los estudiantes adquieran destrezas para plantear, analizar y resolver problemas complejos de ingeniería.

Validación argentina del Inventario de sexismo ambivalente Vaamonde, Juan Diego; Omar, Alicia Graciela El objetivo del presente estudio consistió en adaptar y validar el inventario de sexismo ambivalente de Glick y Fiske para su empleo en sujetos argentinos. Con tal propósito, luego de analizar la equivalencia conceptual, semántica y operacional de la versión inglesa del instrumento, se administró una versión adaptada a una muestra de 345 individuos argentinos (53% varones, con una edad promedio de 28.2 años), junto con las escalas de neosexismo, actitudes sociales y deseabilidad social. El análisis factorial exploratorio mostró una estructura de cuatro factores que explica 52.6% de la varianza total. El análisis factorial confirmatorio ratificó la estructura obtenida, mostrando que el modelo presenta buenos índices de ajuste. La validez del ASI quedó demostrada con base en los análisis de correlación efectuados. La confiabilidad del instrumento alcanzó niveles satisfactorios. Se discuten los resultados obtenidos y se efectúan sugerencias para futuras investigaciones en el área.; The aim of this study was to adapt and validate the ambivalent sexism inventory (asi ) by Glick and Fiske for its use with Argentinian subjects. After analyzing the conceptual, semantic and operational equivalence of the english version of the instrument, the adapted version was administered to a sample of 345 Argentinians (53% male, mean age 28.2 years), together with scales of neosexism, social attitudes and social desirability. Exploratory factor analysis showed a four-factor structure that explained 52.6% of the total variance. Confirmatory factor analysis corroborated the previous structure, showing that the model presents good fit indices. Correlation analysis demonstrated the validity of the asi. The reliability of the inventory reached satisfactory levels. Results are discussed in light of the theory, and suggestions for future research in the area are provided.

Configuraciones socioproductivas y trayectorias educativo-laborales de los jóvenes en la vitivinicultura mendocina: un cuestionamiento al aporte de los estudios de trayectorias en los análisis con perspectiva territorial en Argentina; Configurations productive and educational and labor trajectories of young people in the Mendoza wine: a challenge to studies of trajectories from a regional perspective in Argentina Martín, María Eugenia En este artículo se abordan los debates sobre el estudio de las trayectorias, expectativas y estrategias juveniles y se expone la relevancia de incluir en la discusión las características que ellas asumen en relación a las particularidades configuraciones socioproductivas locales en las que se insertan para, finalmente, señalar algunos avances de una investigación en curso que asume esta perspectiva sobre los jóvenes en la vitivinicultura mendocina.; This article discusses the debates on the study of paths, expectations and strategies for youth. Exposes the relevance of including in the discussion the characteristics that they assume in relation to the specific local socio settings in which they are inserted. Finally, we note some progress in an ongoing investigation that takes this perspective on youth in the Mendoza wine.

The internal nasal skeleton of the bat Pteropus lylei K. Andersen, 1908 (Chiroptera: Pteropodidae) Giannini, Norberto Pedro; Macrini, T. E.; Wible, J. E.; Rowe, T. E.; Simmons, N. B. The cranial osteology of the megachiropteran Pteropus Brisson, 1762, was the subject of recent study that covered all of the skull bones in significant detail, except for the anatomy of the nasal capsule. Here, we describe and illustrate the internal nasal skeleton of Pteropus lylei K. Andersen, 1908, using histological sections of a fetus and high resolution X-ray computed tomographic (HRXCT) imagery of an adult specimen. The internal nasal skeleton of Pteropus lacks a rostral nasoturbinal and includes a caudal nasoturbinal that corresponds to the ossified crista semicircularis of the fetus; three endoturbinals; one ectoturbinal; the maxilloturbinal; and a low basal crest that may represent a rudimentary element. We describe in detail the structure and connections of these elements in Pteropus. The maxilloturbinal is the largest element. In cross section, the caudal nasoturbinal is unilaminar, the maxilloturbinal is double bilaminar (i.e., each of the basal twin laminae splits further into two secondary laminae), and the other elements range from incipient to asymmetrically double bilaminar (i.e., one branch simple, the other split). All turbinais of the ethmoidal labyrinth contribute to the cribriform plate, creating a specific pattern of cribriform foramina. The elements found in Pteropus are compared with those of other well-known mammals with relatively few turbinai elements, including other bats, primates, canids, and marsupials. We show that, despite terminological discrepancies across studies, homologies are straightforward to establish among these taxa and so comparative or phylogenetic studies may benefit from inclusion of turbinai characters.

On edge-sets of bicliques in graphs Groshaus, Marina Esther; Hell, Pavol; Stacho, Juraj A biclique is a maximal induced complete bipartite subgraph of a graph. We investigate the intersection structure of edge-sets of bicliques in a graph. Specifically, we study the associated edge-biclique hypergraph whose hyperedges are precisely the edge-sets of all bicliques. We characterize graphs whose edge-biclique hypergraph is conformal (i.e., it is the clique hypergraph of its 2-section) by means of a single forbidden induced obstruction, the triangular prism. Using this result, we characterize graphs whose edge-biclique hypergraph is Helly and provide a polynomial time recognition algorithm. We further study a hereditary version of this property and show that it also admits polynomial time recognition, and, in fact, is characterized by a finite set of forbidden induced subgraphs. We conclude by describing some interesting properties of the 2-section graph of the edge-biclique hypergraph.

Aceptar, adecuar, innovar: Inmigrantes en el Río de la Plata Irianni, Marcelino Pocas dudas caben sobre impacto de la inmigración en la región pampeana de la Argentina; sin embargo, cuando observamos sus apellidos en antiguas estaciones de ferrocarril, en distintas calles y en la toponimia en general, solemos olvidar los cambios drásticos que experimentaron esos sitios, muchas veces por obra de los mismos extranjeros en un espacio que se les presentaba tan hostil como maleable a sus innovaciones...

Relaciones de dependencia en la Atenas clásica, entre la explotación y la dominación; Dependency relations in classical Athens, between exploitation and domination Paiaro, Diego Gonzalo Partiendo de la supuesta dificultad que existió entre los griegos para aprehender la cuestión de la (explotación (económica) en contraste con la extensa reacción acerca de la dominación (política), el presente artículo plantea una serie de reflexiones teóricas sobre las relaciones de dependencia en contextos precapitalistas. Al respecto, se propone que la interdependencia de los aspectos económicos, jurídicos y políticos es lo característico por lo que explotación y dominación son dos dimensiones inseparables e indistinguibles del lazo social. Finalmente, se analizará cómo esta perspectiva puede explicar ciertos aspectos de las relaciones entre los ciudadanos de la democracia ateniense.; Taking into account me supposed difficulty shown by the Greeks to understand (economic) exploitation and, by contrast, their constantly present awareness about (political) domination, this paper will expose sorne theoretical issues Iinked to the problem of dependency relations in pre-capiralist societies. In doing so, it will be argued that one central characteristic of such societies is the interdependency of economics, politics and juridical aspects and, as a consequence, exploitation and domination conforms two inseparable and indistinguishable dimensions of social relations. Finally, it will be analyzed how the referred problem can be usefuI to explain some aspects of the relations held by rhe citizens of Amenian democracy.

Descriptions of immatures of the South American plant hopper, Taosa (C.) longula Marino, Ana Maria; Hernández, María Cristina; Brentassi, Maria Eugenia; Defea, Bárbara Soledad Descriptions of the immature stages of Taosa (Cuernavaca) longula Remes Lenicov (Hemiptera: Fulgoroidea: Dictyopharidae) and a key for their identification is provided for specimens collected on the water hyacinth, Eichhornia crassipes (Martius) Solms-Laubach (Commelinales: Pontederiaceae), in northeastern Argentina and Peru. Newly emerged nymphs from eggs collected in the field were reared in rearing chambers, and each stage was fixed to microscopic examination and illustration. Fifth nymphal instars can be easily recognized from congeners by the brown marked pattern coloration, shorter vertex, and the distinguishable median carina along the frons. Information on behavior and developmental time is also included.