Thermal behavior of sphingomyelins with very long chain polyunsatturated fatty acids (VLCPUFA) Peñalva, Daniel Alejandro; Furland, Natalia Edith; Aveldaño, Marta Isabel; Antollini, Silvia Susana Rat germ cells and spermatozoa contain species of SM and Cer with 28:4n-6 and 30:5n-6, followed by 32:5n-6, as main nonhydroxy (n) and 2-hydroxy (2-OH) VLCPUFA. The aim of this study is to gain some insight into the properties of these unique sphingolipids in membranes. Total SM from rat testis was partially separated by TLC into two main fractions: SM1, containing n-VLCPUFA, and SM2, containing similar proportions of 16:0 and 18:0 as well as 2- OH VLCPUFA. Each was then separated into molecular species by HPLC. Liposomes formed with these fractions or species were prepared and the generalized polarization of the fluorescent probe Laurdan as a function of temperature was followed. The effects of adding various % of these SM upon the transition temperature (Tt) of dipalmitoyl and dimiristoyl phosphatidylcholine (DPPC, DMPC) were also determined. The Tt of SM1 was significantly lower than that of SM2. In turn, the Tt of SM2 was lower than that of 16:0-SM, 18:0-SM, or a 50:50 mixture of 16:0-SM/18:0-SM, indicating that the presence of SM with 2-OH VLCPUFA in SM2 accounts for this decrease. The Tt of DPPC and DMPC decreased and increased with SM2, respectively, and decreased when SM1 or species with n-VLCPUFA were added. The potential increase in Tt that could have resulted from their unusually long carbon chains is thus overriden by the effect the double bonds have in decreasing it.

The anticonvulsive drug oxcarbazepine is a nicotinic acetylcholine recptor channel blocker Valles, Ana Sofia; Barrantes, Francisco Jose Oxcarbazepine is an anticonvulsive and mood-stabilizing drug used in the treatment of some forms of epilepsy. Here, we tested the effect of the drug on the ion channel properties of the nicotinic acetylcholine receptor (AChR). Electrophysiological recordings using the single-channel recording patch-clamp technique were used to evaluate AChR function in the presence or absence of different concentrations of oxcarbazepine. The main effects caused by the drug were a concentration-dependent decrease in channel mean open time, an increase in one of the components of the mean burst duration, ôburst, concomitant with a decrease in the duration of the second ôburst component, and the appearance of a new closed-channel component. The duration of the latter remained constant in the range of concentrations tested, although its relative contribution showed concentration-dependent behavior. It is concluded that oxcarbazepine blocks the AChR channel, allowing it to reopen quickly, through a mechanism compatible with that of channel blockers

Efecto de la introducción de negaciones sobre la dificultad de los argumentos condicionales simbólicos; Effect of the introduction of negations on the difficulty of symbolic conditional arguments Picón Janeiro, Jimena Cristina; Galibert, María Silvia; Abal, Facundo Juan Pablo; Lozzia, Gabriela Susana; Blum, Germán Diego; Attorresi, Horacio Felix En este trabajo se estudio la dificultad para evaluar la validez de los argumentos condicionales Modus Ponens (MP), Modus Tollens (MT), Negación del Antecedente (NA) y Afirmación del Consecuente (AC) de contenido simbólico cuando se introducen negaciones explícitas en el antecedente y/o el consecuente de la premisa mayor. No se encontraron diferencias significativas entre los porcentajes de aceptación en MP y AC de acuerdo a la presencia o no de negaciones. En MT el argumento con antecedente y consecuente negado obtuvo un porcentaje de aceptación significativamente menor a los que tienen negados un sólo componente. En NA el argumento con ambas cláusulas negadas tiene un porcentaje de aceptación menor al resto. Se discuten las implicaciones teóricas de estos resultados a partir de su comparación con los patrones propuestos en Schroyens, Schaeken y D´Idewalle (2001).

Usos del tiempo, violencias, consumo de drogas y sexualidad en jóvenes en espacios recreativos nocturnos en tres ciudades argentinas Mendes Diz, Ana Maria; Di Leo, Pablo Francisco; Schwarz, Patricia Karina Natalia; Adaszko, Dan; Camarotti, Ana Clara En el presente documento se resumen los hallazgos de la etapa cuantitativa de la investigación que este equipo viene llevando a cabo en torno a los usos del tiempo y los consumos de los jóvenes de ciudades de tamaño intermedio en los espacios recreativos nocturnos a los que suelen concurrir.; This document summarizes the findings of the quantitative stage of the research that this team has been carrying out about use of time and consumption in nightlife in the spaces to which young people living at medium-sized cities use to attend.

Experimental error control during immune monitoring by flow cytometry of positive reactors to bovine Traversa, María Julia; Saracco, Mónica Olga; Davis, William; Eluchans, Mariano; González, Facundo; Paolicchi, Fernando Alberto; Estein, Silvia Marcela; Rodriguez, Edgardo Mario; Jorge, María Cristina Flow cytometry (FC) has become the method of choice for studying the immune response to infectious agents. The development of an extensive set of monoclonal antibodies (MAb) to bovine leukocyte differentiation molecules has now made it possible immune response characterization in bovine tuberculosis (Tbc). Before extending these studies it is essential to establish results consistency. Currently indirect labeling (IL) is used in single and multiparameter analysis. This introduces the probability of experimental error because of the multiple processing steps needed. The objective of this study was to develop and test a strategy for assuring the reliability of methods for processing peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMC) from Tbc positive cattle. PBMC were obtained from 10 Tbc positive cows by density gradient centrifugation (Histopaque1077). Each sample was labeled with four MAb cocktails (antiCD4-IgM/antiCD25-IgG1, antiCD4/antiCD45Ro-IgG, antiCD8-IgM/antiCD25, antiCD8/antiCD45Ro), then they were washed and labeled with antiIgG1-PE/anti-IgM-FITC cocktail. Finally PBMC were fixed, stored and 10000 events were acquired with cytometer FACS-CANTO (Becton-Dickinson). Data were analyzed with FCS Express trial version. A dot plot side light scatter (SSc) vs forward light scatter (FSc) was set to define the mononuclear cell population. Then a dot-plot FSc vs fluorescence distinguished between unlabeled and labeled cells. Finally a histogram is generated to compare geometric means of fluorescence intensity (GMFs). SAS v 9.2 calculated the paired t test between duplicate GMFs. The variation in labeling between paired samples was very low, p value of paired t test >0.05 in all samples, showing that reliable results can be obtained with minimal differences introduced during sample preparation. When in FC IL is routine, statistical comparison of results from repetitions of the same sample labeled with the same MAb would be strategic as an experimental error control.

Estética y orden como sinónimos de belleza: El caso de la ciudad de San Salvador de Jujuy Romero, María Agustina El presente trabajo intentará un recorrido por la estética de la ciudad de San Salvador de Jujuy en el período 2007-2008, revisando para ello la idea de orden desde la cual se establece y responde para su ornamentación. Existen decisiones y elecciones sobre la ciudad que claramente no son tomadas por cualquier habitante, sino que, solo algunos contarán con un margen para accionar. Son ellos, como sujetos pertenecientes a un sector hegemónico de la ciudad, quienes tendrán la tarea de decidir qué elementos se escogerán para la ciudad, dónde y cómo se los ubicarán; inclusive, se decidirá cuál será considerado el centro de la ciudad, entre los distintos y diversos centros que coexisten, no todos serán centro, solo uno cumplirá tal condición. La ciudad encarna un prototipo a seguir, existe una idea preconcebida de cómo debería ser la verdadera ciudad, qué elementos son indispensables e infaltables para llegar a ser moderna y urbana.¿Qué sucede con esos elementos, esos modos de habitar, de vivir, de transitar la ciudad que no se corresponden con el prototipo de ciudad moderna. A lo largo del trabajo se intentará responder este interrogante que no es otra cosa que una revisión de aquellos elementos que quedan por afuera del centro.

Phylogenetic relationships of Fusarium poae based on EF-1α and mtSSU sequences Stenglein, Sebastian Alberto; Rodriguero, Marcela Silvina; Chandler, Damián Diego Enrique; Jennings, Philip; Salerno, Graciela Lidia; Nicholson, Paul A molecular phylogenetic analysis of Fusarium poae isolates from South America (Argentina) and Europe (mainly England, Germany, Italy) was performed using 98 F. poae, four Fusarium culmorum, two Fusarium sporotrichioides and one Fusarium langsethiae isolates. Phylogenetic analyses were performed using nuclear (translation elongation factor 1-alpha, EF-1α) and mitochondrial (mitochondrial small subunit rDNA, mtSSU) sequences. Partitioned (each dataset separately) and combined (EF-1α + mtSSU) analyses did not reveal any clear correlations from the inferred branching topology, between the distribution of observed haplotypes and the geographic origin and/or host species. Results from the present study confirmed that isolates from F. poae form a monophyletic group, and the low variability within isolates from a broad geographic range suggests a common lineage history. Among F. poae isolates from Argentina, however, some were found to possess an insert within mtSSU with structural similarities to group IC2 introns. F. poae isolates differing by the presence/absence of a mtSSU insertion were characterized further by analysis of a portion of the Tri5 gene, but this sequence was unable to reveal variability. The presence of this insert only within isolates from Argentina suggests that evolutionary events (insertions/deletions) are probably taking place within the Argentinian F. poae isolates, and that the acquisition of this insert occurred after geographic isolation of the Argentinian and European populations.

Transverse Mode Selection in Vertical-Cavity Surface-Emitting Lasers With Optical Injected Signal Torre, Maria Susana; Valle, Angel; Pesquera, Luis The transverse mode selection induced by optical injection in a VCSEL emitting in two transverse modes is analyzed from a theoretical point of view. Different pairs of transverse modes with parallel or orthogonal polarizations are considered. In general, we show that transverse mode selection can be achieved when the two modes have parallel or orthogonal polarizations. The selection is not possible only when both modes have parallel polarizations and the mode with the lowest threshold current has a lower injection rate than the other mode. Different forms of the selection region in the injected power-injection current plane appear depending on the polarization of the transverse modes. When both transverse modes are orthogonally polarized the mode with the lowest threshold is selected when the injected power surpasses a value that depends on the injection current. However when both modes have parallel polarizations the selection region has a completely different shape because the selection of the mode is no longer possible if the injected power or the injected current are large enough. We also show that the modal selection is favoured as the frequency of the injected light becomes smaller than the frequency of the mode to be selected.

Entre jueces y comandantes: formas de autoridad en la campaña tucumana a mediados del siglo XIX Parolo, María Paula El poder militar, heredero de la revolución y la guerra, se infiltró en todos los ámbitos de la sociedad hispanoamericana pos-independiente. Así, las nuevas autoridades militares devenidas de dicho proceso comenzaron a disputar con los agentes del poder civil sus atribuciones, facultades y competencias, conformándose una imbricada red de jerarquías de mando superpuestas. En este contexto, el objetivo de este trabajo es analizar el juego de poder entre las autoridades de la campaña tucumana (Jueces de Distrito y Comandantes Departamentales) a partir de sus acciones y prácticas (sumarios, juicios, denuncias, correspondencia, etc.) y los alcances de sus políticas sobre la población que debían controlar.

Effects Of Unsaturated Fatty Acids On The Conformational State Of Nicotinic Acetylcholine Receptor Perillo, Vanesa Liliana; Barrantes, Francisco Jose; Antollini, Silvia Susana Free fatty acids (FFA) are non-competitive antagonists of the nicotinic acetylcholine receptor (AChR) and their site of action is supposedly located at the lipid-AChR interface, where lipids can be annular or non-annular. It is known that the cis-unsaturated FFA, and not trans-unsaturated FFA, produce conformational modifications in the AChR resting state. Using T. californica receptor-rich membranes, we studied the changes in AChR conformational state generated by differences in the double-bond position of monounsaturated FFA. Using the higher affinity of the fluorescent AChR blocker crystal violet for the desensitized than for the resting state, it was observed that a double bond in positions ù 6 or ù 9 increased the KD values of the AChR in the desensitized state whereas no effect was observed in ù 11 or ù 13. Only FFAwith an ù 9 double bond changed the KD values in the resting state. DPH and Laurdan fluorescence studies showed that fluidity increased the most in FFAwith ù 9 and ù 11 double bonds and that ù 6 and ù 13 had less effect. Fluorescence resonance energy transfer experiments showed that the FFAwith an ù 6 double bond remained as an annular lipid whereas all the others also interact at non-annular sites. Thus, the location of the unsaturated double bond appears to be of critical importance for FFA-AChR interaction.

High-energy particle interactions in the inner jet of the radio galaxy M87 Guennou, Chloé; Gustavo E. Romero; Vila, Gabriela Soledad Recent observations with the High Energy Stereoscopic System (HESS) have revealedstrong and variable high-energy gamma-ray emission from the radio galaxy M87. Theorigin of such emission is uncertain, but the rapid variability indicates that it shouldbe produced close to the central engine of the source. In this work, a lepto-hadronicone-zone model is applied to the available multiwavelength data of M87. The differentenergy losses for both primary and secondary particles are calculated. Then, the differentcontributions to the spectral energy distribution through interactions with matter,radiation and magnetic fields are obtained, in good accordance with the observations.

Jet-cloud interactions in AGNs Araudo, Anabella Teresa; Bosch Ramon, Valentí; Romero, Gustavo Esteban Active galactic nuclei present continuum and line emission. The former is produced by the accretion disk and the jets, whereas the latter is originated by gas located close to the super-massive black hole. The small region where the broad lines are emitted is called the broad-line region. The structure of this region is not well known, although it has been proposed that it may be formed by small and dense ionized clouds surrounding the supermassive black-hole. In this work, we study the interaction of one cloud from the broad line region with the jet of the active galactic nuclei. We explore the high-energy emission produced by this interaction close to the base of the jet. The resulting radiation may be detectable for nearby non-blazar sources as well as for powerful quasars, and its detection could give important information on the broad line region and the jet itself.

Acción del ejercicio moderado crónico sobre la masa ósea: Estudio experimental Bryk, Gabriel; Pietrelli, Adriana; Paglia, Nora Patricia; Orzuza, R.; Zeni, Susana Noemi; Basso, Nidia Antecedentes: El tejido óseo responde a procesos dinámicos de carga (actividad física) mayores a los realizados en la vida cotidiana iniciando y favoreciendo la osteogénesis, disminuyendo la glucosa (Glu), colesterol total (Col. T), LDL-colesterol, triglicéridos (TG) y aumentando la fracción HDL-colesterol. Objetivo: Investigar cambios en DMO y contenido mineral (CMO) por efecto del ejercicio aeróbico crónico en ratas. Materiales y Métodos: Ratas Wistar machos (200-300g) se asignaron aleatoriamente a entrenamiento aeróbico (EA) (N=8) ó control sedentario (CS) (N=8) desde los 2 hasta los 12 meses de edad en un “treadmill” motorizado para desarrollar rutina aeróbica: moderada intensidad y ajustes en carga en función del rendimiento, simulando al humano Al sacrificio (12 meses) se midió la composición corporal, CMO (g) y DMO (mg/cm2) (Small Animal Software, Lunar DPX) y en suero calcio (Ca), fósforo (P), fosfatasa alcalina ósea (FAO), Col-T, Glu y TG. Resultados (X±SD): Ratas Cs vs. EA: CMO (g):13,4±1,4 vs. 16,6± 0,8*Área (cm2): 39,2±3,2 vs 46,6±1,7*, DMO (mg/cm2): 342±80 vs 356±50; Grasa (%):28,3±3,9vs.11,8±3,5*;Tejido total (g): 581±46 vs. 562±41 ;Grasa (g): 165,5±32,2 vs. 66,7±23,2*;Tej.Magro (g): 415±26 vs. 495±31*; Col.T(mg/dL): 121±6,8 vs. 115±7,8*; Glu (mg/dL): 182±28 vs. 191±12; (*) p<0.01 EA vs. CS. Conclusiones: El ejercicio aeróbico crónico mejoró significativamente la masa ósea y masa magra que, junto a disminución de masa grasa para un mismo peso corporal, sugiere la existencia de una correlación negativa entre tejido graso y osteogénesis. Subsidio: Asociación de Fomento a la Investigación Científica (AFIC).

The Hopf algebra of Möbius intervals Lawvere, F. W.; Menni, Matías An unpublished result by the first author states that there exists a Hopf algebra H such that for any Moebius category C (in the sense of Leroux) there exists a canonical algebra morphism from the dual H* of H to the incidence algebra of C. Moreover, the Moebius inversion principle in incidence algebras follows from a `master´ inversion result in H*. The underlying module of H was originally defined as the free module on the set of iso classes of Moebius intervals, i.e. Moebius categories with initial and terminal objects. Here we consider a category of Moebius intervals and construct the Hopf algebra via the objective approach applied to a monoidal extensive category of combinatorial objects, with the values in appropriate rings being abstracted from combinatorial functors on the objects. The explicit consideration of a category of Moebius intervals leads also to two new characterizations of Moebius categories.

Guía para el Mapeo y Relevamiento de la Economía Popular Solidaria en Latinoamérica y Caribe Coraggio, Jose Luis; Arancibia, María Inés; Deux Marzi, Maria Victoria El presente trabajo tiene como intención realizar un aporte conceptual y metodológico que permita analizar críticamente las prácticas de promoción - acción de la Economía Popular Solidaria en territorios de Latinoamérica y Caribe. Esperamos encuadrar un conjunto de conceptos operativos de nivel intermedio que den cuenta de la realidad en que están sumergidas las variadas experiencias existentes, de modo tal que, luego del relevamiento de datos empíricos, se faciliten aproximaciones analíticas a sus principales rasgos y tendencias, así como a algunas de sus principales contradicciones. Específicamente, esta guía pretende orientar la identificación y relevamiento de los emprendimientos/ organizaciones de la Economía Popular Solidaria. Se trata de delimitar el campo de estas prácticas, tanto en el terreno como en el momento de la sistematización y reflexión, permitiendo recoger los indicadores y cuadros de situación necesarios para un análisis conducente al buen aprender local, así como al aprender más general, que tome en cuenta las diversas iniciativas y situaciones en que se desenvuelve la Economía Popular Solidaria. Todo ello tiene como sentido acompañar y facilitar las prácticas de los agentes promotores y redes de la EPS, y devolver a sus actores marcos más amplios para la ubicación de sus experiencias.

Silencio, Cuba: la izquierda democrática frente al régimen de la revolución cubana Hilb, Claudia Beatriz "Silencio, Cuba" parte de una constatación y de una hipótesis. La constatación: el silencio que guarda, aún hoy, la mayor parte del pensamiento progresista latinoamericano en lo que concierne a la naturaleza políticamente opresiva del régimen político cubano, de un régimen que ha concentrado el poder en la cima desde hace 50 años, que desconoce las libertades individuales y políticas propias de las democracias liberales y que ha criminalizado toda forma de disenso. La hipótesis: ese silencio está amparado en la defensa de algunas realizaciones indiscutibles de dicho régimen, en particular de la igualación de las condiciones sociales, y de la universalización del acceso a la salud y a la educación. El texto se propone sostener el argumento de que las realizaciones del régimen surgido de la Revolución cubana en las que el pensamiento progresista ancló su apoyo y lo ancla aún hoy, no pueden ser disociadas de esa forma de régimen.

Tensiones entre derecho a la intimidad y libertad de expresión: el caso argentino; The conflict between right to intimacy and freedom of speech: the Argentinean case Benente, Mauro En el presente trabajo se intenta brindar un criterio para resolver determinadas tensiones entre el derecho a la intimidad y la libertad de expresión teniendo en cuenta el caso argentino y la insuficiencia de las pautas jurisprudenciales que los tribunales argentinos aplican. Para realizar la aproximación a tal criterio, se sostendrá que la protección a la libertad de expresión garantizada por el derecho positivo argentino posee un sustento filosófico más cercano al republicanismo que al liberalismo, con una concepción de la libertad de expresión como pre-requisito del sistema democrático. Finalmente, y una vez detallado el criterio que propondré, será el momento de ponerlo a prueba con un caso resonante resuelto por la Corte Suprema argentina.; The present work is intended to advance a criterion which could be used in order to solve some of the tensions between the right to privacy and the freedom of expression, considering the Argentinean case and the insufficiency of the judicial guidelines applied by the Argentinean courts. In order to perform the approach to this criterion, it will be affirmed that the freedom of expression secured by the Argentinean law is founded on a philosophical basis more connected with republicanism than with liberalism, which sees the freedom of expression as a prerequisite for the democratic system. Finally, and once having described the proposed criterion thoroughly, will come the time to put it to the test by means of a resounding case dealt with by the Supreme Court.

Characterization of coupled ground state and excited state equilibria by fluorescence spectral deconvolution Caarls, Wouter; Celej, Maria Soledad; Demchenko, Alexander P.; Jovin, Thomas M. Fluorescence probes with multiparametric response based on the relative variation in the intensities of several emission bands are of great general utility. An accurate interpretation of the system requires the determination of the number, positions and intensities of the spectral components. We have developed a new algorithm for spectral deconvolution that is applicable to fluorescence probes exhibiting a twostate ground-state equilibrium and a two-state excited-state reaction. Three distinct fluorescence emission bands are resolved, with a distribution of intensities that is excitationwavelength-dependent. The deconvolution of the spectrum into individual components is based on their representation as asymmetric Siano-Metzler log-normal functions. The application of the algorithm to the solvation response of a 3-hydroxychromone (3HC) derivative that exhibits an H-bonding-dependent excited-state intramolecular proton transfer (ESIPT) reaction allowed the separation of the spectral signatures characteristic of polarity and hydrogen bonding. This example demonstrates the ability of the method to characterize two potentially uncorrelated parameters characterizing dye environment and interactions.

Las competencias culturales de los líderes: un estudio preliminar acerca de líderes argentinos migrantes; Leader's cultural competencies: a preliminary study on argentine migrant leaders Castro Solano, Alejandro; Lupano Perugini, Maria Laura Se realizó un estudio acerca de las competencias culturales de líderes migrantes. Participaron, voluntariamente,374 líderes, 241 habían tenido experiencia en el exterior. Se utilizaron los instrumentos: BigFive; Ansiedad intergrupal; Conciencia del mundo globalizado; Escala de Liderazgo Intercultural yEncuesta sociodemográfica. Los resultados mostraron que los líderes migrantes obtuvieron un alto gradode adaptación a pesar de presentar algunos problemas (e.g. idioma) y no tener entrenamiento previo.Además, los rasgos de personalidad que destacaron a los líderes migrantes, con buena adaptación,fueron la alta apertura a la experiencia y baja responsabilidad. Por último, mostraron flexibilidad en suestilo de liderar y baja ansiedad intergrupal. Una limitación fue la baja capacidad explicativa de lasvariables predictoras (entre 5% y 10%).; Leader’s cultural competencies. A preliminary study about migrant argentine leaders. It was realized this study about cultural competencies of migrant leaders. Participated, voluntarily, 374 leaders, 241 of them had experience outside their countries. The instruments were: Big Five; Intergrupal Anxiety; Consciousness of the globalize world; Intercultural Leadership scale and Sociodemographic survey. Between the most outstanding results, one is that the leaders obtained a high degree adaptation, in spite of, have some problems (e.g. language) and not having previous training. Besides, the personality traits that described migrant leaders with good adaptation were opening to new experience and low responsibility. Finally, they shown flexible leadership styles and low intergupral anxiety. One limitation was the low explanatory capacity of the predicting variables (between 5% and 10%).

Síntomas neuropsiquiátricos en la afasia progresiva primaria; Neuropsychiatric symptoms in primary progressive aphasia Serrano, Cecilia M.; Dillon, Carol; Castro, Diego M.; Iturry, Mónica; Rojas, Galeno J.; Bartoloni, Leonardo; Taragano, Fernando Emilio; Allegri, Ricardo Francisco La afasia progresiva primaria (APP) se caracteriza por un deterioro del lenguaje verbal lentamente progresivo en ausencia de otros trastornos cognitivos o conductuales [1]. El diagnóstico clínico de la APP se hace cuando el lenguaje es el área predominante de disfunción y la memoria, la visuoconstrucción, el  comportamiento y otros dominios se hallan preservados durante al menos dos años. Los criterios diagnósticos de Lund-Manchester [2] identifican a la APP como parte de la demencia frontotemporal, pero se han descrito criterios diagnósticos propios para la APP [3]. Propuesta como síndrome con trastornos del lenguaje diversos, la APP podría responder a diversas enfermedades degenerativas, cuyo denominador común es el deterioro neuroanatómico de las áreas del lenguaje. En los últimos años se han incorporado trastornos cognitivos y conductuales leves asociados al síndrome [4-8]. El objetivo del estudio es  determinar la presencia y el tipo de manifestaciones neuropsiquiátricas en pacientes con APP.