Regional payment agreements: An alternative to currency convertibility?; Los Acuerdos Regionales de Pagos: ¿una alternativa a la convertibilidad monetaria? Bruchanski, Marcelo Daniel; Molinari, Andrea Regional Payment Agreements (RPAs) replicate, on a regional scale, John M. Keynes’s proposal at the Bretton Woods Conference, based on the recording and subsequent clearing of transactions. The analysis of the three “founding” RPAs from the Golden Age (Finland-USSR, European Payments Union and the LAFTA-LAIA Agreement on Reciprocal Payments and Credits) suggests that, in general, these agreements fulfiled their objectives: saving foreign currency and promoting trade. Hence, RPAs would present an alternative to currency convertibility for current account transactions.; Los acuerdos regionales de pagos (ARP) replican a escala regional la propuesta de John M. Keynes ante la Conferencia de Bretton Woods, sobre la base del registro y posterior compensación de las transacciones. El análisis de los tres ARP “fundacionales” de la Edad de Oro (Finlandia-URSS, Unión Europea de Pagos y el Convenio de Pagos y Créditos Recíprocos de ALALC-ALADI) sugiere que, en términos generales, estos acuerdos cumplieron con los objetivos propuestos: el ahorro de divisas y la promoción del comercio, por lo cual se infiere que los ARP presentarían una alternativa a la convertibilidad monetaria para las transacciones corrientes.

Cambios morfológicos óseos en la columna vertebral de cazadores-recolectores del extremo meridional de la cuenca del Plata (Argentina); Bone morphological changes in the vertebral column of hunter-gatherers from the southern extreme of la Plata basin (Argentina) Mazza, Bárbara Pamela Diversos factores biológicos y mecánicos producen cambios morfológicos en las superficies articulares de la columna vertebral, algunos de carácter patológico. El objetivo de este trabajo es determinar los factores que interactuaron en la presencia y distribución de osteofitos marginales, nódulos de Schmörl y enfermedad degenerativa del disco en los cuerpos vertebrales, y de osteofitos marginales, porosidad, eburnación, remodelación de contornos y enfermedad degenerativa articular en las zigapófisis de los sectores cervicales, torácicos, lumbares y sacro de cazadores-recolectores del extremo meridional de la cuenca del Plata (Argentina). Se analizaron 41 individuos adultos de ambos sexos mediante pruebas estadísticas bivariadas, modelos lineales generalizados y análisis de componentes principales. Los resultados corroboran la etiología multifactorial. Los cambios óseos y patologías articulares están influenciados principalmente por la edad y, posiblemente, por factores genéticos. Además, la mayoría de los patrones de distribución de los cambios óseos corresponden al patrón esperado según la curvatura de la columna vertebral y a las presiones mecánicas impuestas por nuestra postura bípeda. No obstante, algunas diferencias entre los sexos y la presencia de algunos cambios óseos en adultos jóvenes (20-35 años) podrían deberse a una diferenciación en las actividades cotidianas con su inicio durante la adolescencia.; Several biological and mechanical factors produce morphological changes in the spine’s articular surfaces, some of pathological order. This work aims to determine the factors that interacted in the presence and distribution of marginal osteophytes, Schmörl’s nodules, and degenerative disc disease in the vertebral bodies, and of marginal osteophytes, porosity, eburnation, remodeling of margins, and degenerative joint disease in the zygapophyses of the cervical, thoracic, lumbar, and sacral sectors of hunter- gatherers from the southern extreme of La Plata basin (Argentina). Forty-one adult individuals of both sexes were analyzed through bivariate statistical tests, generalized linear models and principal component analysis. The results corroborate the multifactorial etiology. Age and, possibly, genetic factors influenced bone changes and joint pathologies. Also, most of the distribution patterns of bone changes correspond to the expected pattern according to the spine’s curvature and the mechanical pressures imposed by our bipedal posture. However, some differences between the sexes and the presence of bone changes among young adults (20-35 years) could be due to a differentiation in daily activities with their onset during adolescence.

Usos de la fauna en el río Salado bonaerense: Saberes locales actuales; Uses of fauna in the Salado River of Buenos Aires: Current local knowledge Escosteguy, Paula Daniela; Salerno, Virginia Mariana; González, Marta Isabel; Freitas, Magdalena Como parte de las investigaciones arqueológicas en la Depresión del río Salado bonaerense, a lo largo de los años desarrollamos encuentros con pobladores locales para abordar la relación de la sociedad con el entorno de este humedal. Nuestro propósito fue conocer el uso del espacio y el aprovechamiento de los recursos a lo largo del tiempo. Así, realizamos entrevistas planificadas y otras durante diferentes situaciones (trabajos de campo arqueológico). Los encuentros con cazadores, pescadores y otras personas involucradas en estas actividades, nos permitieron conocer prácticas y tensiones que atraviesan sus actividades, generando una aproximación holística sobre los vínculos que las personas establecen con los animales. Además, nos brindaron testimonios sobre modalidades de captura y aprovechamiento de mamíferos (coipo, peludo, zorro), aves (ñandú, gallareta), peces (bagre, tararira, lisa) y reptiles (lagarto overo). El conocimiento práctico de las personas es producto de la aprehensión cotidiana del entorno e incluye aspectos intangibles asociados a las actividades cinegéticas y de pesca, tales como la importancia de conocer el paisaje o la biología y etología de las presas. Su consideración nos permite interpretar el registro arqueofaunístico a partir de la integración de distintos saberes y generar nuevas preguntas sobre las prácticas sociales del pasado.; Throughout the years, as part of the archaeological research in the Salado River Depression of Buenos Aires province, we have held meetings with local people to address the relationship between society and the environment of this wetland. Our purpose was to know the use of space and resources over time. Thus, we carried out planned interviews and others during different situations (e.g. archaeological fieldwork). Meeting hunters, fishermen and people involved on those activities, allowed us to learn about practices and tensions that crosscut their activities, generating a holistic approach to the links that people establish with animals. In addition, they provided us with testimonies about the modalities of capture and use of mammals (e.g. coypu, armadillo, fox), birds (e.g. rhea, coot), fish (e.g. catfish, tararira, mullet), and reptiles (overo lizard). Practical knowledge is the product of the daily apprehension of the environment. It includes intangible aspects associated with hunting activities and fishing, such as the importance of knowing the landscape or the biology and ethology of prey. Taking this into account allows us to interpret the archaeofaunistic record from the integration of different knowledge, and to generate new questions about the social practices of the past.

Riddles, Education, and Philosophy in Clearchus of Soli’s On Riddles; Acertijos, educación y filosofía en el tratado Sobre los acertijos de Clearco de Solos Gardella, Mariana The aim of this paper is to examine the relationship between riddles, education, and philosophy that Clearchus of Soli proposes in fr. 63W. I begin by analyzing the definition of "riddle" given in fr. 86W. I will argue in favor of the following claims: (1) a riddle (grÎphos) is different from an enigma (aínigma); (2) a riddle is similar, in a certain way, to a dialectical problem; (3) there is a relationship between riddle and aporia. Then, taking the examples of riddles transmitted in the fragments of the treatise On Riddles into account, I will try to explain what the exact relationship between riddle, education, and philosophy could be.; El objetivo de este artículo es examinar la relación entre los acertijos, la educación y la filosofía que propone Clearco de Solos en el fr. 63W. En primer lugar, analizaré la definición de “acertijo” del fr. 86W y ofreceré argumentos para probar las siguientes afirmaciones: (1) existe una diferencia entre el acertijo (grîphos) y el enigma (aínigma); (2) el acertijo se asemeja, en cierto sentido, al problema dialéctico; (3) existe una relación entre el acertijo y la aporía. En segundo lugar, tomando en consideración los ejemplos de acertijos transmitidos en los fragmentos del tratado Sobre los acertijos, explicaré cuál podría ser la relación que los acertijos tienen con la filosofía y la educación.

Listado de Evaluación del Soporte Interpersonal (LESI- 12): Evidencias de validez y confiabilidad en el contexto argentino; Interpersonal Support Evaluation List (ISEL-12): Evidence of Validity and Reliability in the Argentinian Context Olivera, Mercedes; Prozzillo, Paola Alejandra; Simkin, Hugo Andrés Dada la trascendencia de la percepción de apoyo social sobre la salud mental, resulta fundamental disponer de instrumentos de evaluación que cuenten con evidencias de validez para su uso en el contexto local. El presente estudio propone evaluar la estructura factorial, la confiabilidad interna y validez externa del Listado de Evaluación de Soporte Interpersonal (LESI-12) en una muestra de 459 adultos. El análisis factorial confirmatorio demostró que el modelo trifactorial presenta índices de ajuste adecuados (SRMR = .06; CFI = .97; NNFI = .97; IFI = .97). Las dimensiones del instrumento evidenciaron una consistencia interna aceptable (.78 ≤ Ꞷ). El análisis de validez externa dio cuenta de una fuerte relación inversa con medidas de sintomatología depresiva, tal como sugiere la literatura. Se concluye que la solución trifactorial del LESI-12 es teóricamente consistente y coherente con la literatura, y esto presenta evidencia en favor de su uso en el contexto argentino.; Given the importance of the perception of social support on mental health, it is essential to have assessment instruments with evidence of validity for use in the local context. This study proposes to evaluate the factorial structure, internal reliability and external validity of the Interpersonal Support Assessment List (LESI-12) in a sample of 459 adults. Confirmatory factor analysis showed that the three-factor model presents adequate fit indices (SRMR = .06; CFI = .97; NNFI = .97; IFI = .97). The dimensions of the instrument evidenced an acceptable internal consistency (.78 ≤ Ꞷ). The external validity analysis revealed a strong inverse relationship with measures of depressive symptomatology, as suggested by the literature. It is concluded that the three-factor solution of the LESI-12 is theoretically consistent and coherent with the literature, and this presents evidence in favor of its use in the Argentine context.

Comportamientos en juego en espacios escolares y comunitarios Varela, Melina Damiana En el marco de una investigación etnográfica cuyo resultado final fue mi Tesis de Licenciatura, titulada “La educación en los primeros años de la niñez: interculturalidad y crianza de niños migrantes bolivianos en la ciudad de Buenos Aires” (2017), en este trabajo me propongo problematizar las intervenciones que se ponen en juego en torno a la corporalidad a partir de las consignas que las docentes y demás actores institucionales daban a los niños y las niñas en relación con los modos de comportarse en un jardín de infantes2 ubicado en un barrio de la zona sur de la ciudad de Buenos Aires en un contexto de marcada desigualdad. Para ello retomo algunos debates desde el campo educativo -entre ellos el concepto de socialización- y los aportes que desde la antropología me permiten analizar los modos y momentos en que las consignas se hacen presentes en las dinámicas escolares. Asimismo, reflexiono sobre las preocupaciones institucionales y de interacción en torno a propuestas lúdicas y sobre el juego de alumnos/as de 4 y 5 años de edad, en su mayoría migrantes o hijos/as de migrantes de países limítrofes.; Within the framework of an ethnographic investigation whose final result was my Graduate Thesis titled “Education in the early years of childhood: interculturality and upbringing of Bolivian migrant children in the city of Buenos Aires" (2017) in this work I propose to problematize the interventions that are put into play around the corporality from the instructions that the teachers and other institutional actors gave to the boys and girls in relation to the ways of behaving in a kindergarten located in a neighborhood of the area south of the city of Buenos Aires in a context of marked inequality. For this, I return to some debates from the educational field -among them the concept of socialization- and the contributions that from anthropology allow me to analyze the ways and moments in which the instructions are present in school dynamics. I also reflect on the institutional and interactional concerns around playful proposals and on the play of 4 and 5-year-old students, mostly migrants or children of migrants from neighbor countries.

El caso Dobbs y el futuro de la autodeterminación personal en Estados Unidos; Dobbs and the future of self-determination in the United States of America Sagel, Paula El 24 de junio de 2022, la Corte Suprema de los Estados Unidos dictó el fallo Dobbs, una decisión que echa por tierra el derecho al aborto a nivel federal. La Corte decidió así revertir una larga trayectoria de precedentes que regulaban el acceso a la interrupción del embarazo, legalizado en el mítico caso Roe v. Wade en 1973. Pese a que la mayoría de los análisis presentan a Dobbs como un precedente sin precedentes, aquí proponemos que el nuevo fallo es tan solo el golpe de gracia en una larga estrategia por goteo para desmantelar el derecho al aborto que se venía construyendo desde la década de los‘80. Reconstruiremos sus argumentos salientes, revisaremos sus mayores controversias y analizaremos las consecuencias sobre los derechos a la autonomía y a la (no) reproducción, tanto en aquellas latitudes como sus posibles proyecciones hacia las nuestras.; On June 24, 2022, the Supreme Court of the United States issued a ruling that overturns the right to abortion. With Dobbs, SCOTUS decided to reverse a long history of precedents that regulated access to termination of pregnancy, which began with the mythical case Roe v. Wade in 1973. Despite the fact that the vast majority of legal academia presents Dobbs as an unprecedented ruling, we propose that the new precedent is only the last blow in a long chip-down strategy to dismantle the right to abortion that the Court has been sustaining since the '80s. We also propose to reconstruct their salient arguments, review their major controversies and analyze the consequences on the rights to autonomy and (non) reproduction, both in those latitudes and their possible projections towards ours.

A facile method for in-situ detection of thiabendazole residues in fruit and vegetable peels using Surface-Enhanced Raman Spectroscopy Rizzato, Maria Luz; Picone, Andrea Lorena; Romano, Rosana Mariel A flexible Surface-Enhanced Raman Spectroscopy (SERS) substrate based on silver nanoparticles encapsulated in an agar gel has been probed to detect the fungicide thiabendazole (TBZ) reaching a limit of detection (LOD) of 30 ng/cm2. In addition, a simple and sensitive strategy was employed for in-situ detection of TBZ on fruit and vegetable peels. For that purpose, peels of different fruits and vegetables were intentionally contaminated with different amount of TBZ, and the analyte was subsequently extracted within few seconds by gently rubbing the surface with the SERS substrate. The lowest value of TBZ detected on eggplant and green pepper peels was 50 ng/cm2. The values achieved for apple and pear peels were 0.20 μg/cm2 and 40 ng/cm2, respectively. On the other hand, for tomato and strawberry peels the lowest value achieved was 0.50 μg/cm2. The variation in sensitivity can be attributed to differences in the surface properties of the different peels. The above results show that this flexible SERS substrate can be further employed for the detection of contaminants in practical applications for food safety inspection.

"Cazando mitos": sobre la reflexividad como puente entre investigación y extensión; “Myth-Busting”: On reflexivity as a bridge between research and extension Gomez, Carina Elizabeth; Patagua, Patricia Evangelina; Rovetta Cortes, Ana Irene; Yufra, Laura Cristina En este texto reflexionamos sobre nuestros inicios como grupo extensionista de la Universidad Nacional de Jujuy. Exponemos cómo, tras participar en un evento de vinculación basado en una lógica de transferencia y no de intercambio, nos propusimos lanzar un proyecto que superara dicho razonamiento desde una perspectiva extensionista crítica. Identificando la reflexividad como aquel puente que nos permitiría atravesar las distancias entre cada una de nuestras investigaciones y el campo de la extensión: (1) presentamos el proceso colectivo e institucional que seguimos para poner en marcha el proyecto que denominamos ?Cazando mitos: acercando la investigación en ciencias sociales a escuelas secundarias de San Salvador de Jujuy?, (2) contrastamos las experiencias que tuvimos en las aulas de tres centros educativos, y (3) evaluamos los logros y las limitaciones de la que fuera nuestra primera propuesta extensionista conjunta.; In this paper we reflect on our beginnings as an extensionist group at the National University of Jujuy. We expose how, after participating in a university extension event based on a logic of transfer and not of exchange, we decided to create a project with which to overcome this rationale from a critical extensionist perspective. Identifying reflexivity as that bridge that would allow us to cross the distances between each of our researches and the field of extension: (1) we present the collective and institutional process we followed to launch “Myth-Busting: Bringing social sciences research closer to secondary schools in San Salvador de Jujuy”, (2) we contrast the experiences we had in the classrooms of three educational centers, and (3) we evaluate the achievements and limitations of that which was our first joint extension proposal.

Momentos, espacios y temporalidades en la entrevista virtual: reflexiones desde el estudio de las políticas sociales; Moments, spaces and temporalities in the virtual interview: reflections from the study of social policies Sordini, María Victoria; Dettano, Andrea El objetivo de este escrito es re-visitar algunos aspectos de la entrevista virtual en la plataforma Facebook, realizada en el marco de dos proyectos de investigación que indagan a personas que reciben programas sociales y que organizan y gestionan comedores y merenderos comunitarios, en el contexto de pandemia por COVID-19 durante 2020 y 2021. Este trabajo se apoya en la revisión y reflexión de las notas de campo que acompañaron el proceso de indagación mediante las entrevistas virtuales. La sistematización de la experiencia de entrevista virtual permite delinear que el momento de apertura de la entrevista implica negociaciones en torno al ritmo de la conversación y la plataforma de realización, a la vez que emerge la desconfianza por parte de las personas entrevistadas. En el durante, se observa la intermitencia de la comunicación y su desarrollo en diferentes temporalidades. El cierre puede darse de manera acordada o intempestiva por cansancio o desconfianza de la persona entrevistada. Se concluye que las diferentes formas de digitalización de la vida, implican observar los emplazamientos donde las interacciones cobran forma, independientemente de si son medios físicos o virtuales.; The aim of this paper is to revisit some aspects of the virtual interview on the Facebook platform, carried out within the framework of two research projects that investigate social programs recipients who organize and manage soup kitchens and picnic areas, in the pandemic context by COVID-19 during 2020 and 2021. This work is based on the review and reflection of the field notes that accompanied the virtual interviews. The systematization of the virtual interview experience makes it possible to delineate that the “opening moment” of the interview involves negotiations around the rhythm of the conversation and the platform for conducting it, while distrust emerges from the interviewees. In the “meantime”, the intermittence of communication and its development in different temporalities is observed. “The closure” can occur in an agreed or untimely manner due to the fatigue or mistrust of the interviewed. It is concluded that the different forms of digitalization of life imply observing the locations where interactions take shape, regardless of whether they are physical or virtual media.

Ecotoxicological Methodologies to Evaluate Biomarkers at Different Scales in Neotropical Anurans Pérez Iglesias, Juan Manuel; Franco Belussi, Lilian; Ruiz de Arcaute, Celeste; Bach, Nadia Carla; Soloneski, Sonia Maria Elsa; Gonzalez, Silvia Patricia; Almeida, César Américo; Brodeur, Celine Marie Julie The new questions in ecotoxicology highlight the importance of applying a battery of biomarkers, as this results in ecotoxicological predictions that improve not only the interpretation of the effects of environmental stressors on organisms but also the determination of their possible impact. It is well known that the use of ecotoxicological biomarkers at different levels of organization allows for the prediction of the biological responses of organisms to environmental stressors, which is useful in environmental risk assessment. Nevertheless, it is necessary to consider the optimization of basic procedures, to generate historical data in control groups, and to employ specific bioassays to evaluate responses in organs and tissues in order to elucidate the nature and variation of the effects observed. Therefore, the present work aims to describe several ecotoxicological methodologies employed in all stages of neotropical anurans at different ecological levels and to validate them as useful biomarkers to be used both in wildlife and in laboratory conditions. In this work, these biomarkers were applied at the individual/organismic level (body condition index), histological/physiological level (histopathology, histometric, and pigmentary analyses), biochemical level (oxidative stress enzymes), and genetic level (direct and oxidative damage in DNA by comet assay). Although these methodologies have small variations or modifications depending on the species, these techniques provide effective biomarkers for evaluating the effect of xenobiotics on anurans, which possess certain characteristics that make them useful indicator species of aquatic and terrestrial ecosystems. In conclusion, the battery of biomarkers employed in the present study has proven to be adequate for estimating toxic responses in Neotropical anurans and can be further recommended as bioindicators for identifying the impact of pollutants on the aquatic ecosystems of the region. Finally, it is recommended to achieve the standardization of these important biomarkers for anurans in specific regions as well as to possibly include them in risk assessments and decision-making.

Optimization of Probiotic Lactobacilli Production for In-Feed Supplementation to Feedlot Cattle Aristimuño Ficoseco, Maria Cecilia; Mansilla, Flavia Ivana; Vignolo, Graciela Margarita; Nader, Maria Elena Fatima The selection of probiotic bacteria based on their beneficial characteristics does not necessarily mean they can be later scaled up and used for technological applications and formula design. Three probiotic strains—Lactobacillus acidophilus CRL2074, Limosilactobacillus fermentum CRL2085, and Limosolactobacillus mucosae CRL2069, originally isolated from feedlot cattle feces—have demonstrated beneficial characteristics when used as in-feed probiotics. Therefore, the current study was conducted to develop a low-cost culture medium to optimize growth conditions to enhance biomass production. The study also sought to identify appropriate cryoprotective agents to sustain high functional cell numbers after freeze drying. A central composite design was applied to determine the optimal medium composition. This yielded a simplified, low-cost effective medium containing 3% molasses and industrial yeast extracts (0.5 to 2.5%) as carbon and nitrogen sources, which were added to a basal medium for each strain. Established production conditions at 37 °C, without agitation, and pH-controlled for the CRL2085 and CRL2069 strains, and free pH for the CRL2074 strain, allowed us to obtain biomass yields of 12.95, 18.20, and 12.25 g, respectively, at 24-h incubation, compared with the MRS medium. In addition, the cryoprotective effect of the selected agents was demonstrated to be strain-dependent. Thus, the highest viability (109–1010 CFU/g), stability during 30-d storage, and survival rate (88–99%) were achieved when 10% MSG (monosodium glutamate), sucrose + fructose + trehalose + WPC (whey protein concentrate) + 10% MSG, and 1.2% WPC + 10% trehalose, were used for freeze drying CRL2074, CRL2085, and CRL2069, respectively. Moreover, the probiotic strains retained their probiotic functionality when hydrophobic characteristics were evaluated. These results highlight the need to perform strain-specific evaluation of the critical factors involved in the large-scale production of probiotic lactobacilli to sustain viability and stability after the freeze drying and storage processes.

Datos de nivel freático en campo experimental Las Magnolias, UNNOBA-Junin Datos de presión barométrica del pozo del campo experimental UNNOBA (Las Magnolias), tiene una profundidad de 11 m en Sedimentos Pampeanos y alcanza el nivel freático.

Respuestas al Cuestionario para Docentes. Niveles inicial, primario y secundario de la ciudad de Mar del Plata Respuestas de docentes de nivel inicial, primario y secundario de instituciones educativas de la ciudad de Mar del Plata, a un cuestionario diseñado para indagar aspectos de su labor durante las medidas de aislamiento social, preventivo y obligatorio tomadas en contexto de pandemia por COVID-19, y las dificultades encontradas en el retorno a las clases presenciales. Se incluyen ítems de un inventario de emociones para docentes (Chen, 2016) Referencia Chen, J. (2016). Understanding teacher emotions: The development of a teacher emotion inventory. Teaching and Teacher Education, 55, 68-77.

Parámetros ambientales en experimentos con sedimentos con y sin historia previa de contaminación por hidrocarburos (golfo San Jorge, Chubut) Los datos cargados corresponden a las muestras tomadas en el marco del proyecto PICT 2015-3549. El objetivo de este proyecto, de carácter interdisciplinario, fue analizar los efectos del petróleo crudo sobre la fauna bentónica en sedimentos con y sin historia previa de contaminación con hidrocarburos (CHC y SHC) localizados en zonas costeras del golfo San Jorge (GSJ). En este golfo se concentra una importante actividad de extracción de petróleo crudo cuyo transporte se efectúa vía marítima desde los puntos de concentración de la producción (Tierra del Fuego, Antártida e Islas del Atlántico Sur, Santa Cruz y Chubut) hacia las refinerías ubicadas en el centro-norte del país. Estudios previos demostraron la existencia de contaminación petrogénica en varios puntos de la costa, en especial en zonas cercanas a Comodoro Rivadavia. Por otra parte, una extensa zona del GSJ ha sido incluida en la designada Reserva de la Biósfera Patagonia Azul (UNESCO, 2015). Asimismo, en su zona norte se halla el Parque Interjurisdiccional Marino-Costero “Patagonia Austral”, designaciones relacionadas con la protección de su biodiversidad y valor paisajístico. Particularmente, los organismos bentónicos de la zona intermareal coexisten en un delicado equilibrio y constituyen un eslabón trófico fundamental para las aves y otros organismos marinos. Factores extrínsecos, como el aporte de petróleo crudo de forma crónica o masiva, pueden afectar la actividad y estructura de la comunidad bentónica e indirectamente a sus predadores. La respuesta de los diferentes organismos del bentos ante la presencia de petróleo es relevante considerando su rol en la columna sedimentaria (bioturbación) y en los procesos de intemperización del petróleo crudo, en particular, la biodegradación de los hidrocarburos. En los sitios de estudio CHC y SHC se registró una respuesta diferente de los organismos y una distribución y biodegradación diferencial de los hidrocarburos en la columna sedimentaria. Un aporte valioso de este proyecto fue que la experimentación ecotoxicológica se realizó ex situ a fin de no contaminar los sitios en evaluación. La superposición de actividades antrópicas de importancia económica a nivel regional (petróleo, pesca, turismo, etc.) y de zonas protegidas a diferente nivel de acuerdo a su vulnerabilidad y biodiversidad, implica una necesidad y compromiso de conocer y prevenir las respuestas del ecosistema a la contaminación. La generación de conocimiento científico interdisciplinario sirve de fundamento para implementar el manejo sustentable de los recursos marinos.

Colonization of cigarette butts, a toxic waste, by white rot fungi; Colonización de colillas de cigarrillo, un residuo tóxico, por hongos de pudrición blanca Núñez, María del Pilar; Butler, Matias; Majul, Leonardo Matias; Diorio, Luis Alberto; Levin, Laura Noemí; Rosenfeldt, Sonia Cigarette butts (CBs) are complex pollutants, consisting of a filter made of non biodegradable acetate cellulose fibers, and a paper wrapping. After smoking, part of the toxic chemicals from burnt tobacco (nicotine, nitrosamines, polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons, among others) are retained in the filter and may be leached when in contact with water, contaminating aquatic environments2. Since currently there is no treatment for this residue, our project aims to employ white rot fungi as an alternative for detoxifying CBs. After selecting fungal strains for their effectiveness in detoxifying the material (unpublished results), further research on the colonization of the CBs was carried out. Wet CBs were inoculated with 2 different fungal strains isolated from Argentinean rainforest (Trametes sp. BAFC4767 and Irpex lacteus BAFC4766). They were grown in humid conditions, at 28 °C in the darkness for 6 weeks. A CB sample of each treatment was air dried, cut longitudinally and transversely, and coated with gold/palladium for scanning electron microscope (SEM) observation. Non treated CBs (Fig. 1) showed a more compact fiber structure than the treated ones. Fungal growth both on the outside and the inside of the CBs was observed for all treatments (Figure 2, Figure 3). Most of the mycelium developed around the paper wrapper (PW), which displayed signs of deterioration and is supposed to be the fungus food source. It was noteworthy to observe such a degree of fungal invasion on the inside of the CBs, since this part is where most of the toxic chemicals are concentrated. These results support the detoxifying capacity observed for the selected fungi. White rot fungi are known for their ability to degrade and detoxify xenobiotics such as phenolic compounds and aromatic hydrocarbons1. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first visual report of CBs fungal colonization.

Proteómica comparativa de factores solubles secretados por tejido adiposo humano de mama tumoral y normal Tumor progression depends on the tumor-stroma interaction. In the breast, adipose tissue is the predominant stromal type. We have previously demonstrated that conditioned media (CMs) from explants of human adipose tissue of tumor breasts (hATT) increase proliferation and migration of breast cancer epithelial cells when compared to human adipose tissue from normal breasts (hATN). In this work, we aim to identify specific proteins and molecular/biological pathways associated with the secretion profile of hATT and hATN explants. hATT-CMs and hATN-CMs were separated by SDS-PAGE and analyzed by means of two-dimensional nano-liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry. The data was analyzed using ProteoIQ and FunRich software. In addition, 42 cytokines from hATTCMs and hATN-CMs were assayed by a protein antibody assay. Compared to hATNCMs, hATT-CMs showed greater protein diversity. We found that hATT-CMs presented a greater amount of proteins related to complement system activity, metabolism and immune system, as well as proteins involved in a variety of biological processes such as signal transduction and cell communication. Specifically, apolipoprotein AI and AII, complement component 3, and vimentin and desmin were significantly increased in hATT-CMs versus hATN-CMs. Moreover, a multivariate discriminant analysis of the cytokines detected by the array showed that IL-6, MCP-2 and GRO cytokines were sufficient and necessary to differentiate hATT-CMs from hATN-CMs. This analysis also showed that the levels of these three cytokines, taken together, correlated with stage and histological grade of the tumor in the hATT-CMs group, and with body mass index in the hATN-CMs group.

Propiedades medicinales del género Prosopis Secondary plant metabolites are regarded as promising sources of plant-protecting substances and they are one of the most important lines of plant defense against pests. The range of cellular targets for these substances is very wide and covers metabolic pathways, macromolecules and organelles. In consequence, the plant derivatives study represents a critical situation in which toxic effects against other organisms need to be evaluated in relation to its biological benefits. The genus Prosopis (Fabaceae) include 44 species and is considered among the world’s most damaging invasive species. The genus had been found in 129 countries globally and many more countries are climatically suitable. Prosopis physiology evidences a wide range of adaptability, shows the capability to growth in several adverse conditions, accumulates heavy metals and synthetizes chemical defences. Curiously, since antiquity, some Prosopis species around the world were described as important source of ethnopharmacological treatments for several illnesses. Toxicity against prokaryote microorganisms, fungus, parasites, mosquitoes, vertebrate animals and humans is revised in the current work. In accordance to the reviewed literature, it is possible to conclude that more specific research could make Prosopis species an important source of nutraceuticals and phytopharmaceutical compounds. Moreover, by its selective toxic effects, plant derivatives can be used as important source of new and successful bioactive molecules.

Espécimenes consultados en herbarios y fotografías tomadas en el campo Currently, in Argentina 368 species of true ferns (i.e. Polypodiopsida class) are distributed throughout the country, however, only four of them have been mentioned until now as weeds and ruderal species. The goal of this work was to generate an update of weedy ferns from Argentina, including morphology, distribution, and type of weed according to their impact on natural habitats and/or human activities. All Argentinian fern species were analyzed based on references, herbarium specimens, and field trips. As a result of our study 25 species were recorded from Argentina and classified as segetal, ecological, or aquatic weeds, and ruderal and/or toxic species. Current taxonomic identity, diagnostic characters, origins, habitats, geographical distribution, common names, and impact and potential risks were indicated by species. In addition, we provide a dichotomous key to species, presence of these species in southern South American countries, as well as and photographs in natural habitat. This work represents the first review on native and exotic ferns from Argentina that cause an impact on human activities or disturbe native habitats. The results provide information for the development of weed management tools and priority areas to implement them.

Honeys from the Argentine Phytogeographic Provinces Chaqueña and Monte in Catamarca and La Rioja Poliero, Aimará Ayelen; Aubone, Ines; Amadei Enghelmayer, Marisa; Rosso, Valeria Soledad; Fuselli, Sandra Rosa; Alonso Salces, Rosa Maria The characterization of Argentinean honeys from the vegetation units (VUs) of the phytogeographical provinces located in Catamarca and La Rioja was performed with the analysis used for honey quality control: sugar profile, free acidity, pH, electrical conductivity (EC), color and contents of moisture, ash, total soluble solids, and hydroxymethylfurfural (HMF). Honeys were authentic and traceable, and complied with the specifications of national and/or international standards, verifying their blossom origin, high quality, good maturity, and freshness. Honeys from VU-9 and VU-23 presented significantly distinctive physicochemical parameters, evidencing the influence of the flora and pedoclimatic conditions of these VUs. Honeys from VU-23 presented significantly higher contents of glucose and total reducing sugars (F + G), and lower EC, ash contents, fructose/glucose ratio, and concentrations of turanose and maltose than those from VU-9. Honeys from VU-23 in La Rioja also exhibited characteristic lighter colors and lower pH and ºBrix values and turanose amounts; and honeys from VU-9 in La Rioja exhibited highest pH values. Catamarca honeys were characterized by high free acidity and high amounts of turanose, regardless of the VUs. The contents of sugars and total soluble solids, moisture, pH, EC, and color of honeys from Catamarca and La Rioja are published here for the first time. This study contributes to the typification of honeys from these provinces, which will provide them an added value and allow them to access newer markets.