Histopathological survey of Sarcocystiosis in slaughtered animal tissues in Benue State, Nigeria Obadiah, H. I.; Byanet, O.; Nzelu, I. N.; Okita, F. O.; Orlantyoga, A.; Tamen, T. B.; Kur, P. A.; Okopi, M. A.; Alede, G. E.; Adekpe, V. O.; Ugo, F. O.; Oche, E. O.; Kwaghange, D. F.; Abraham, O.; Agada, G.; Schnittger, Leonhard; Atu, B. O.; Omudu, E. A. Sarcocystosis is an important and common disease of domestic animals, yet not much is known about it in Benue State. This research was conducted with the aim to survey the rate of contamination of slaughtered ruminants and pigs with Sarcocystis species using histopathological method during the wet season. The study comprised of 1200 carcasses examined macroscopically, subsequently, tissue samples from skeletal muscle, heart, esophagus, tongue and diaphragm were considered for pathologic studies using the Hematoxylin and Eosin staining technique. The results showed that the highest rate of infection were observed in skeletal muscles of pigs in Makurdi (33.6 %). Infection was associated with joint raising of both cattle and pigs (P < 0.05) but no significant difference was observed between sex (P>0.05) and two different age groups of animals (P>0.05). Macrocysts of white color, oval shape and size range of approximately 2-5 mm were observed in 12 different skeletal muscles of studied pigs, five of which contained microcysts and macrocysts. Observation of cysts of elongated/fusiform and oval shape of different size suggest the presence of at least two species. To the best of our knowledge, these results represent the first demonstration of these parasites in farm animals of Benue State. The results show that Sarcocystis infection is widely distributed in animals slaughtered for meat. The close proximity between livestock and humans on farms, and the frequently poor sanitary conditions in human dwellings strongly suggest an effective life cycle of the parasite. Further molecular analysis is required to allow for species identification and implementation of adequate strategies for the control of zoonotic infection in Nigeria.

Differentiating Nylon Samples with Visually Indistinguishable Fluorescence Using Principal Component Analysis and Common Dimension Partial Least Squares Linear Discriminant Analysis with Synchronous Fluorescence Spectroscopy Froelich, Noah M.; Azcarate, Silvana Mariela; Goicoechea, Hector Casimiro; Campiglia, Andres D. Fluorescence spectroscopy is an attractive candidate for analyzing samples of nylon. Impurities within the polymers formed during the synthesis and processing of nylons give rise to the observed fluorescence, allowing for nylons to be analyzed based on their impurities. Nylons from the same source are expected to display similar fluorescence profiles, and nylons with different fluorescence are expected to be from different sources. This paper investigates an important case where different nylons displayed similar fluorescence, preventing easy discrimination. Samples of Nylon 6 and Nylon 6/12 had visually indistinguishable excitation–emission matrices (EEM), excitation spectra, fluorescence spectra, and synchronous fluorescence spectra at larger Δλ. By collecting synchronous fluorescence spectra at smaller Δλ, additional features in the fluorescence profiles were identified that allowed for some discrimination between the two nylons. Combining the EEM and synchronous fluorescence data with chemometric algorithms provided a clearer differentiation between the two nylons. parallel factor analysis, principal component analysis, and common dimension partial least squares (ComDim-PLS) showed two distinct clusters in the data, with ComDim-PLS providing the greatest distinction between the clusters. The loadings revealed the variables of interest to the ComDim-PLS were the 400 nm and 335 nm bands for all synchronous fluorescence spectra, the 460 nm and 310 nm bands for the Δλ=20 nm and Δλ=30 nm synchronous fluorescence spectra, and the 440 nm band for the Δλ=20 nm synchronous fluorescence spectra. The linear discriminant analysis performed with the PLS data yielded a classification accuracy of 95% with the EEM data and 100% with the synchronous fluorescence data, displaying the power of this technique to differentiate two different nylons with visually indistinguishable fluorescence spectra.

Elise Reimarus, una ilustrada radical: Análisis e interpretación de Freiheit (1791), con una primera traducción al español; Elise Reimarus, an Enlightened Radical: Analysis and Interpretation of Freiheit (1791), with a First Spanish Translation Sole, Maria Jimena En este artículo analizo el contenido del libro Freiheti, publicado anónimo en 1791 y recientemente atribuido a la escritora Elise Reimarus (1735-1803). Se trata de una obra fundamental del periodo de la ilustración que, sin embargo, no ha recibido todavía suficiente atención por parte de los especialistas. Además de ofrecer una presentación del texto, examinar el estado de la cuestión y ofrecer un análisis del contenido del libro, incluyo la primera traducción al español del texto. Mi objetivo es mostrar que al cumplir con su objetivo de definir qué es la libertad, Reimarus transmite un doble mensaje. Por un lado, la filósofa elogia la constitución de Hamburgo y llama a sus conciudadanos a obedecer las leyes que hacen posible la auténtica libertad. Por otro lado, se dirige a los príncipes de Europa para exhortarlos a introducir reformas en sus estructuras políticas que garanticen los derechos humanos, la igualdad y la justicia, además de defender la legitimidad de la revolución política, la necesidad de adoptar una forma democrática de gobierno y la libertad de pensamiento y expresión. Por todo ello, y teniendo en cuenta la manera en que los especialistas la definen, sostengo que Elise Reimarus puede ser considerada como una exponente de lo que se conoce como la Ilustración radical.; In this article I analyze the content of the book Freiheit, published anonymously in 1791 and recently attributed to the writer Elise Reimarus (1735-1803). It is a fundamental work of the Enlightenment period, which, however, has not yet received sufficient attention from scholars. In addition to providing a presentation of the text, examining the state of the art and offering an analysis of the book’s content, I include the first Spanish translation of the text. My aim is to show that in fulfilling her goal of defining what freedom is, Reimarus conveys a double message. On the one hand, the philosopher praises the Hamburg constitution and calls upon her fellow citizens to obey the laws that make true freedom possible. On the other hand, she addresses the princes of Europe to call on them to introduce reforms in their political structures that guarantee human rights, equality and justice, as well as defending the legitimacy of political revolution, the need to adopt a democratic form of government and freedom of thought and expression. For all these reasons, and taking into account the way in which scholars define it, I believe that Elise Reimarus can be considered as an exponent of what is known as the radical Enlightenment.

Political System Justification in Argentina: Ideology, System Performance, and the Legitimization of Democracy; Justificación del Sistema Político en Argentina: Ideología, Desempeño y la Legitimación de la Democracia Alonso, Daniela Rocío; Brussino, Silvina Alejandra The main objective of this study was to analyze democracy legitimacy in a non-WEIRD country from a political psychology perspective. More specifically, two dimensions of democracy legitimacy were empirically isolated: diffuse and specific support. We tested a system justification model of democracy legitimacy, while also assessing the role of sociodemographic and context evaluation variables. We applied a questionnaire with closed-ended response choices to a non-probabilistic quota sample of adults from Cordoba, Argentina (n = 450). Besides descriptively analyzing democracy legitimacy, two hierarchical multiple regression analyzes were performed, one for each criterion variable. The results evidenced that diffuse support for democracy remains relatively high, while specific support for Argentine political system is markedly low. Different variables explained each dimension of political legitimacy: those regarding ideological system justification—right-wing authoritarianism, social dominance orientation, and political conservatism—explained an important amount of the variance of diffuse support but had only a marginal role in explaining specific support. The latter was better predicted by context evaluation variables, suggesting that system performance is more relevant than ideology when it comes to specific support. Thus, although democracy legitimacy could be based on a relatively developed civic culture, a poor system performance is not innocuous. The authors discuss how the theoretical explanations developed and framed in Western democracies may be not adequate to comprehend Latin American political culture.; El objetivo de este estudio fue analizar la legitimidad de la democracia en un país no WEIRD desde la psicología política. Se diferenciaron 2 dimensiones de la legitimidad democrática: apoyo difuso y apoyo específico. Se probó un modelo de justificación del sistema de la legitimidad de la democracia, y se evaluó el papel de variables sociodemográficas y de evaluación del contexto. Se aplicó un cuestionario cerrado en una muestra no probabilística por cuotas de adultos de la Ciudad de Córdoba, Argentina (n = 450). Además de analizar descriptivamente la legitimidad de la democracia, se realizaron 2 modelos de regresión múltiple jerárquica, uno para cada variable de criterio. Los resultados evidenciaron que el apoyo difuso a la democracia sigue siendo relativamente alto, mientras que el apoyo específico al sistema político argentino es marcadamente bajo. Ambas dimensiones fueron explicadas por diferentes variables: las relativas a la justificación del sistema ideológico —autoritarismo de derecha, orientación de dominación social y conservadurismo político— explicaron una parte importante de la varianza del apoyo difuso, pero tuvieron un papel marginal en la explicación del apoyo específico. Este último fue mejor predicho por variables de evaluación del contexto, lo que sugiere que el desempeño del sistema es más relevante que la ideología cuando se trata de un apoyo específico. Así, aunque la legitimidad democrática podría basarse en una cultura cívica relativamente desarrollada, un mal desempeño del sistema no es inocuo. Se discute cómo las explicaciones teóricas desarrolladas para democracias occidentales pueden no adecuarse para la cultura política latinoamericana.

Control y castigo entre crisis, revolución y guerra: Una aproximación a las autoridades de policía en la ciudad de Buenos Aires y de México a inicios del siglo XIX; Control and punishment between crisis, revolution and war: An approach to the police authorities in the city of Buenos Aires and Mexico at the beginning of the 19th century. Vaccaroni, María Agustina La crisis monárquica cuestionó el orden jurídico y social vigente; como consecuencia, se involucraron formas diversas de autoridad configuradas entre nociones y prácticas antiguas y nuevas; como los casos de la Superintendencia de Policía establecida en Ciudad de México en 1811 y la Intendencia de Policía creada en 1812 en Buenos Aires. Esta propuesta reconstruye la trama de normativas, agentes, funciones y prácticas policiales en el contexto de revolución y guerra abierto entre 1808-1810. Tras analizar estas instituciones, mostramos a los sujetos objeto de vigilancia; prestando particular atención a los vínculos entre las autoridades de policía y la gestión del castigo, explorando un vínculo no abordado en la historiografía disponible sobre la temática. Desde fuentes editas e inéditas conservadas en los archivos mexicanos y argentinos, ensayamos una mirada conjunta de dos espacios del imperio español, en la que una matriz común de policía fue reactualizada en una situación de excepcionalidad; The monarchical crisis questioned the current legal and social order; As a consequence, diverse forms of authority configured between old and new notions and practices were involved; such as the cases of the Police Superintendency established in Mexico City in 1811 and the Police Administration created in 1812 in Buenos Aires. This proposal reconstructs the plot of police regulations, agents, functions and practices in the context of revolution and war that began between 1808-1810. After analyzing these institutions, we show the subjects under surveillance; paying particular attention to the links between police authorities and the management of punishment, exploring a link not addressed in the available historiography on the subject. From edited and unpublished sources preserved in Mexican and Argentine archives, we try a joint look at two spaces of the Spanish empire, in which a common police matrix was updated in a situation of exceptionality.

Enhanced photocatalytic performance by ZnO/Graphene heterojunction grown on Ni foam for methylene blue removal Melia, Lucas Fabián; Gallegos, María Victoria; Juncal, Luciana Celeste; Meyer, Marcos; Ibañez, Francisco Javier; Damonte, Laura Cristina ZnO nanostructures were obtained by electrodeposition on Ni foam where graphene was previously grown by chemical vapor deposition (CVD). The resulting heterostructures were characterized by X-ray diffraction and SEM microscopy and their potential application as a catalyst for the photodegradation of methylene blue (MB) was evaluated. The incorporation of graphene to the Ni substrate increases the amount of deposited ZnO at low potentials in comparison to bare Ni. SEM images show homogeneous growth of ZnO on Ni/G but not on bare Ni foam. A percent removal of almost 60% of MB was achieved by the Ni/G/ZnO sample, which represents a double quantity than the other catalysts proved in this work. The synergistic effects of ZnO-graphene heterojunctions play a key role in achieving better adsorption and photocatalytic performance. The results demonstrate the ease of depositing ZnO on seedless graphene by electrodeposition. The use of the film as a photocatalyst delivers interesting and competitive removal percentages for a potentially scalable degradation process enhanced by a non-toxic compound such as graphene

Perceptions and knowledge of local people toward an endangered armadillo from the Buenos Aires coast, Argentina Pagnutti, Norali; Zufiaurre, Emmanuel; Ezquiaga, María Cecilia; Abba, Agustin Manuel In a large area used for livestock production in the north east of the Pampas region of Buenos Aires, central Argentina, there is a subpopulation of endangered armadillo species (Chaetophractus vellerosus) which is threatened by mining activities. Knowledge and perception of local communities living in the range of the endangered species were evaluated using an anonymous online questionnaire. A total of 618 questionnaires were filled out, with the majority of respondent (82%) not being aware of the existence of this species. The study documented the lack of knowledge and the need to develop strategies to increase local communities’ awareness toward this species.

Extrapolation of Type Ia Supernova Spectra into the Near-infrared Using Principal Component Analysis Burrow, Anthony; Baron, E.; Burns, Christopher R.; Hsiao, Eric; Lu, Jing; Ashall, Chris; Brown, Peter J.; DerKacy, James M.; Folatelli, Gaston; Galbany, Lluís; Hoeflich, Peter; Krisciunas, Kevin; Morrell, Nidia Irene; Phillips, M. M.; Shappee, Benjamin J.; Stritzinger, Maximilian; Suntzeff, Nicholas B. We present a method of extrapolating the spectroscopic behavior of Type Ia supernovae (SNe Ia) in the near-infrared (NIR) wavelength regime up to 2.30 μm using optical spectroscopy. Such a process is useful for accurately estimating K-corrections and other photometric quantities of SNe Ia in the NIR. A principal component analysis is performed on data consisting of Carnegie Supernova Project I & II optical and NIR FIRE spectra to produce models capable of making these extrapolations. This method differs from previous spectral template methods by not parameterizing models strictly by photometric light-curve properties of SNe Ia, allowing for more flexibility of the resulting extrapolated NIR flux. A difference of around ‑3.1% to ‑2.7% in the total integrated NIR flux between these extrapolations and the observations is seen here for most test cases including Branch core-normal and shallow-silicon subtypes. However, larger deviations from the observation are found for other tests, likely due to the limited high-velocity and broad-line SNe Ia in the training sample. Maximum-light principal components are shown to allow for spectroscopic predictions of the color-stretch light-curve parameter, s BV, within approximately ±0.1 units of the value measured with photometry. We also show these results compare well with NIR templates, although in most cases the templates are marginally more fitting to observations, illustrating a need for more concurrent optical+NIR spectroscopic observations to truly understand the diversity of SNe Ia in the NIR.

Binary origin of blue straggler stars in Galactic star clusters Rain, M. J.; Pera, M. S.; Perren, Gabriel Ignacio; Benvenuto, Omar Gustavo; Panei, Jorge Alejandro; de Vito, María Alejandra; Carraro, Giovanni; Villanova, S. Building on the recent release of a new Gaia-based blue straggler star catalog in Galactic open star clusters (OCs), we explored theproperties of these stars in a cluster sample spanning a wide range in fundamental parameters. We employed Gaia EDR3 to assessthe membership of any individual blue or yellow straggler to their parent cluster. We then made use of the ASteCA code to estimatethe fundamental parameters of the selected clusters, in particular, the binary fraction. With all this at hand, we critically revisitedthe relation of the blue straggler population and the latter. For the first time, we found a correlation between the number of bluestragglers and the host cluster binary fraction and binaries. This supports the hypothesis that binary evolution is the most viablescenario of straggler formation in Galactic star clusters. The distribution of blue stragglers in the Gaia color-magnitude diagram wasthen compared with a suite of composite evolutionary sequences derived from binary evolutionary models that were run by exploringa range of binary parameters: age, mass ratio, period, and so forth. The excellent comparison between the bulk distribution of bluestragglers and the composite evolutionary sequences loci further supports the binary origin of most stragglers in OCs and paves theway for a detailed study of individual blue stragglers

Valorization of a by-product of the yerba mate industry by assembling with cassava starch adhesive for packaging material production Monroy, Yuliana; Garcia, Maria Alejandra; Deladino, Lorena; Rivero, Sandra G. M. Yerba mate industrial processing produces tons of powder as a by-product, this yerba mate powder (YMP) is an excellent source of biomass to develop biodegradable materials. Cassava starch modified with 1,2,3,4-butane tetracarboxylic acid (BA) in the presence of sodium propionate as a catalyst is an eco-friendly option to obtain bioadhesives. This work aimed to develop sustainable laminates from starch-based adhesives and yerba mate powder and to study their physico-chemical, structural, and mechanical properties. Blends of bioadhesive and YMP were prepared (1:1, adhesive:YMP). Monolayer materials were obtained by thermo-compression and later assembled with adhesive to obtain bilayer laminates. Bioadhesive was able to bind the yerba mate by-product fibers, as evidenced by SEM microstructure analysis, the interactions of adhesive:substrate were elucidated by ATR-FTIR and supported by chemometrics analysis. The incorporation of the catalyst decreased the rugosity of materials and their mechanical performance was improved by the action of both acid concentration and catalyst presence, requiring higher energy for puncture. Thus, it was feasible to obtain mono and bi-layer laminates as an eco-compatible alternative for the design of sustainable tray-like materials based on the industrial by-product of yerba mate.

Atypical Spoilage Microorganisms inArgentinean Yogurts: Gas-ProducingMoldsandBacteria of the Genus Gluconobacter Capra, María Luján; Frisón, Laura Noemí; Chiericatti, Carolina Andrea Antonia; Binetti, Ana Griselda; Reinheimer, Jorge Alberto Microbiological spoilage of food leads to products unfit for consumption, and their discardingleadstosignificant economic losses for the food industry. During storage, fresh foods offer available niches for the survival andgrowth of undesirable microorganisms. In dairy products, data regarding spoilage and/or pathogenic bacteria is betterdocumented than those for molds and yeasts. Dairy products, due to their refrigerated storage and production fromheattreated milk, are less susceptible to mold contamination compared to fruits and vegetables. The dominant microbiotainfermented dairy products also contributes to acidifying the medium, further reducing the risk of spoilage. However, evencheeses and yogurts may be susceptible to mold contamination. Atypical cases of yogurt samples containingspoilagemicroorganisms not previously reported (molds producing gas and bacteria of the genus Gluconobacter) in Argentineanfermented milks are presented here. For yogurt, in particular, the "classic" altering organisms were always beingyeasts, and in other countries, molds belonging to the genus Aspergillus.

Fabrication of Highly Aligned Electrospun Collagen Nanofibers for Tissue Engineering Macias, Jose A.; Pignatta, Evelyn A.; Bronstein, Noah Ansaldo; Cid, Mariana Paula; Salvatierra, Nancy Alicia; Comin, Romina Tissue engineering is aimed at tissue recovery, replacement or regeneration by designing materials inspired by biomimetics to recreate the natural environment for better cell and tissue growth. It is important to mimic the fibrillar structure of the extracellular matrix, essential for cellular organization, survival, and function. Collagen is a major constituent of many tissues and organs, as a result, collagen matrices are often used as a surrogate extracellular matrix for in vitro tissue engineering and in vivo tissue regeneration or repair. This work describes the fabrication of membranes formed by highly aligned collagen nanofibers by electrospinning for use in tissue engineering. Collagen was obtained by homogenization and enzymatic hydrolysis of bovine Achilles tendon, obtaining two samples: high purity collagen and the non-hydrolyzed fraction with 40% collagen. Both samples could be generated randomly oriented electrospun nanofibrous membranes when analyzed by confocal microscopy. The fabrication and incorporation of a rotating collector allowed us to obtain highly aligned nanofibrous membranes of the non-hydrolyzed fraction when we varied the speed of the collector.

Anuran consumption by burrowing owl (Athene cunicularia Strigiformes) in lower Chubut river valley, Patagonia, Argentina Formoso, Anahí Elizabeth; Klaich, Javier M.; Udrizar Sauthier, Daniel Edgardo Burrowing Owl (Athene cunicularia Strigiformes) is widely distributed in American continent and mainly feeds on arthropods and small mammals, with anurans as an important prey seasonally. In Argentinean Patagonia, anurans presence was documented in one study that assessed the diet in Somuncurá plateau. Here we assessed the consumption of anurans by Burrowing Owls in the lower Chubut river valley (Chubut province, Argentina) and its relation with seasons. Two species of anurans are present: Rhinella arenarum (Bufonidae) and Pleurodema bufoninum (Leptodactylidae). Owl pellets were collected seasonally between 2018 and 2022 and dry-disintegrated in the laboratory. Minimum number of anuran individuals was calculated on the basis of ilea and the effect of years and seasons was evaluated with GLM. We analyzed 365 complete owl pellets and 64 prey remains. Anurans represented 44%F of consumed vertebrates and GLM analyses showed higher effect in spring and lower in summer. We identified the 24.2%F as R. arenarum and the 75.8%F undetermined species. We can infer that owls feed during day and night, given the activity pattern for anurans. Our results are similar for those found in spring in Argentina, but differ for other seasons, probably in relation to how anurans use the irrigation channels (spring-summer) and also activate when precipitation is more frequent (winter and spring). Considering that all prey remains and cranial bones belong to R. arenarum, and lacking direct evidence of P. bufoninum, we could suppose that unidentified ilea belong to the former. Nevertheless, this assumption cannot be confirmed until the presence or absent of P. bufoninum was recorded through sampling.

The spectral geometry of hyperbolic and spherical manifolds: analogies and open problems Lauret, Emilio Agustin; Linowitz, Benjamin The spectral geometry of negatively curved manifolds has received more attention than its positive curvature counterpart. In this paper we will survey a variety of spectral geometry results that are known to hold in the context of hyperbolic manifolds and discuss the extent to which analogous results hold in the setting of spherical manifolds. We conclude with a number of open problems.

Deleuze y el feminismo: Debates sobre el devenir-mujer; Deleuze and feminism: Debates on becoming-woman Antonelli Marangi, Marcelo Sebastián Este artículo investiga el concepto de devenir-mujer, y algunos de los debates que ha suscitado este concepto en la recepción de Deleuze en el campo de los estudios feminista y de género. Las interpretaciones han sido predominantemente negativas con base en críticas de diverso tipo: el significado del concepto no es claro ni definido; carece de eficacia política por su desconexión con las luchas concretas de las mujeres realmente existentes; oculta posiciones masculinas y etnocéntricas, andróginas o incluso patriarcales; conduce a un horizonte postfeminista que disuelve la identidad de la mujer e invisibiliza sus reclamos por reconocimiento; desconoce la importancia epistemológica y política de la diferencia sexual. La hipótesis propuesta en este escrito es que estas críticas pueden ser discutidas con argumentos fundados en una relectura rigurosa de este concepto en la obra deleuziana, que recupere distinciones clave (lo molar y lo molecular, la mayoría y la minoría) y analice las perspectivas esquizoanalíticas que sustentan su rechazo de la diferencia sexual y su mirada crítica acerca de algunas luchas feministas. Este trabajo explora, adicionalmente, en qué posición se puede situar a Deleuze en la polémica entre las teóricas del dimorfismo y las partidarias del género, respecto de lo cual sugerimos la posibilidad de inscribirlo en una orientación posgenérica.; This article investigates the concept of becoming-woman and some of the debates it has provoked in the reception of Deleuze within the field of feminist and gender studies. Interpretations have been predominantly negative based on criticisms of various kinds: the meaning of the concept is unclear and undefined; it lacks political efficacy due to its disconnection with the concrete struggles of actually existing women; it conceals masculine and ethnocentric, androgynous or even patriarchal positions; it leads to a post-feminist horizon that dissolves women's identity and invisibilises their claims for recognition; it ignores the epistemological and political importance of sexual difference. The hypothesis proposed in this paper is that these criticisms can be discussed with arguments grounded in a rigorous re-reading of this concept in Deleuzian work, that recovers key distinctions (the molar and the molecular, the majority and the minority) and analyses the schizoanalytic perspectives that underpin his rejection of sexual difference and his critical view on some feminist struggles. This paper further explores where Deleuze can be positioned in the debate between dimorphism theorists and gender partisans and suggests the possibility of inscribing him in a postgenderist orientation.

On the correlation between the noise and a priori error vectors for standard and augmented affine projection algorithms Altieri, Andrés Oscar This paper analyzes the correlation matrix between the a priori error and measurement noise vectors for standard and augmented affine projection algorithms using a unified approach. This correlation stems from the dependence between the filter tap estimates and the noise samples, and has a strong influence on the mean square behavior of the algorithm. We show that the correlation matrix is upper triangular, and compute the diagonal elements in closed form, showing that they are independent of the input process statistics. Also, for white inputs we show that the matrix is fully diagonal. These results are valid in the transient and steady states, considering a possibly variable step-size. Our only assumption is that the filter order is large compared to its projection order and that the input signal is stationary. Using these results, we perform a steady-state analysis for small step size and provide a new simple closed-form expression for the mean-square error, which has comparable or better accuracy to many preexisting expressions, and is much simpler to compute. Finally, we also obtain expressions for the steady-state energy of the other components of the error vector.

Psychosocial Maturity assessment in juvenile justice: A content validity analysis of a novel tool; Evaluación de la Madurez Psicosocial en Justicia Juvenil: Análisis de la validez de contenido de una herramienta novedosa Palacios van Isschot, Elena; Arbach, Karin; Andrés Pueyo, Antonio La madurez psicosocial (MP) es un factor potencial que influye en la toma de decisiones de los adolescentes y su comportamiento social e interpersonal. El estudio actual representa un primer paso para diseñar una nueva prueba de madurez psicosocial adecuada para evaluar este constructo en el contexto forense y en entornos de justicia juvenil. Su objetivo es establecer la validez de contenido para una nueva herramienta de evaluación. Después de una revisión de la literatura, se seleccionaron 38 ítems de diversas medidas y protocolos específicos existentes y se instruyó a 41 expertos para llevar a cabo un análisis de validez de contenido. Los resultados del Índice de Validez de Contenido muestran que el 92% de los ítems analizados fueron clasificados por los expertos como representativos del constructo, y los resultados del Índice de Validez Factorial muestran que los expertos asociaron el 79% de los ítems al constructo propuesto. En conclusión, la mayoría de los ítems se consideraron representativos del constructo y de sus componentes individuales, proporcionando una buena base para desarrollar una herramienta de evaluación de la MP. Se plantea la relevancia e implicaciones de los resultados en las tareas judiciales.; Psychosocial maturity (PM) is a potential factor influencing adolescent decision making and a wide range of social and interpersonal behaviors in adolescents. The current study represents an initial effort to design a new psychosocial maturity test suitable for assessing this construct in the forensic context and juvenile justice settings. Its aim is to establish content validity for a novel assessment tool. After a literature review, 38 items were selected from various existing specific tests and protocols, and 41 experts were instructed to conduct a content validity analysis on them. Content Validity Index results show that 92% of the items were classified by experts as representative to the construct, and Factorial Validity Index results show that experts associated 79% of the items with the correct component of the construct according to theoretical criteria. In conclusion, the majority of items were found to be representative of the construct and of their individual components, providing a valid foundation for the development of a new PM assessment tool. In this study the relevance and implications of the results for judicial tasks are discussed.

Diversity and molecular characterization of insect-specific flaviviruses in mosquitoes (Diptera: Culicidae) collected in central and northern Argentina Farias, Adrian Alejandro; Labordolive, Victoria; Stein, Marina; Dantur Juri, Maria Julia; Visintin, Andrés; Almirón, Walter R.; Contigiani de Minio, Marta Silvia; Ré, Viviana Elizabeth; Diaz, Luis Adrian The genus Flavivirus comprises approximately 80 different viruses. Phylogenetic relationships among its members indicate a clear ecological separation between those viruses transmitted by mosquitoes, ticks, with no known vector, and insect-specific Flaviviruses. The diversity and phylogenetic relationships among insectspecific flaviviruses circulating in the central and northern regions of Argentina were studied by performing molecular detection and characterization of the NS5 protein gene in mosquitoes collected in Córdoba, Chaco and Tucumán provinces. Overall, 68 out of 1776 pools were positive. CxFV, KRV and CFAV circulate in the 3 studied provinces. Several mosquito species (Aedes aegypti, Culex bidens, Cx. dolosus, Cx. interfor, Cx. quinquefasciatus, Cx. saltanensis, Haemagogus spegazzini) were found infected. A wide circulation of CxFV was observed in the central-northern region of Argentina. CxFV strains detected in our study clustered with strains circulating in Santa Fe and Buenos Aires provinces (Argentina), and other countries such as Indonesia, Mexico, Uganda and Taiwan. The presence of these viruses in mosquitoes could play an important role from the public health perspective, because it has been shown that previous CxFV infection can increase or block the infection of the mosquito by other pathogenic flaviviruses.

Lotus spp.: a Mediterranean genus with high environment and economic impact in the Salado River Basin (Argentina) Ruiz, Oscar Adolfo; Gortari, Maximiliano; Maguire, Vanina Giselle; Arese, Romina Paola; Campestre, Maria Paula; Antonelli, Cristian Javier; Calzadilla, Pablo Ignacio; Menendez, Ana Bernardina; Escaray, Francisco José; Carrasco Sorli, Pedro Miguel; Bailleres, Matías Andres; Ezquiaga, Juan Pedro; Paolocci, Francesco; Gárriz, Andrés; Nieva, Amira Susana del Valle This review has the principal objective in to hypothesise that the introduction of Lotus species could have significant benefts in constrained soils due their worldwide distribution. This idea is major based on results obtained in the lowlands of the most important livestock breeding area in Argentina denominated Salado River Basin (also called “Flooding Pampas”). Mostly of their land surface is dominated by salt-afected soils with severe constraints for traditional crop cultivation (i.e., maize, soybean, etc.). In order to increase their economic importance, farmers have utilized species suchas non-native L. tenuis (ex- Lotus glaber), originating from European Mediterranean area, which shows a successfully and fast naturalization (in less than 60 years) in constrained areas improving forage performance. The increase in soil quality associated to this legume is achieved by an increment of the organic matter content and improvement of fertility and physicochemical parameters. Moreover, other studies have evidenced some genetic determinants associated with interesting agronomic traits such as plant tolerance to environmental stresses and the importance of leaves condensed tannins concentrations. This revision has many topics including a brief analysis of economic and environmental changes that occur under Lotus species implantation. In addition, we incorporate references recently published concerning the evaluation of the biochemical and physiological mechanisms involved in their adaptation to strong abiotic stresses characteristic of the region, the soil and plant microbiota diversity and soil physical and chemical characteristics associated to the presence of Lotus genotypes.

The Argentine economy through the lens of an adapted Mundell–Fleming model for small open peripheral economies Dvoskin, Ariel; Feldman, Germán David; Torchinsky Landau, Matías This paper investigates the limits fiscal and monetary policies face in small openeconomies, where economic growth can be constrained by the balance of payments.To do so, we proceed in three steps. First, we review some usually neglected stringentassumptions of the Post-Keynesian interpretation of the IS-LM-BP model, regarding theroles played by the exchange rate and the interest rate in re-establishing external equilibrium. Second, we adapt this model to consider the specificities of peripheral economies. Third, we illustrate the model’s functionality and implications, drawing upon the experience of the Argentine economy, a country where the external sector has recurrently constrained output growth.