Temperaturas e intensidades en la región de la mesopausa, año 2016 Temporal nocturnal series temperatures and intensities of OH(6-2) and O2b(0-1) band emissions, measured with the "Airglow Argentine Spectrometer" (AAS) at Complejo Astronómico El Leoncito (CASLEO). These data come from emission layers at 87 km altitude for OH and at 95 km altitude for O2. Year 2016

The first phycopathological atlas in Latin America unveils the underdocumentation of algal pathogens Murúa, Pedro; Muñoz, Liliana; Bustamante, Danilo; Gauna, Maria Cecilia; Hayashi, Leila; Robledo, Daniel; Strittmatter, Martina; Arce, Paola; Westermeier, Renato; Müller, Dieter G.; Gachon, Claire M.M. To date, the biodiversity of disease-causing agents in algae has been poorly investigated. This information however is particularly relevant, as outbreaks are repeatedly reported in mariculture facilities or commercial wild stocks, with no available baselines to compare with. Algal pathogens identified in Latin America are few; information is scattered and mostly unknown for regional aquacultural actors such as farmers, seaweed gatherers, conservation biologists and policymakers. In this work, we reviewed all the pathogens described for algae in Latin America, including their taxonomy, macro and microscopic symptoms, aetiology, habitat and reported distribution in this region. Furthermore, we included new records obtained in 2020–2022 in the Southeastern Pacific, and the results of a screen for viruses on kelp gametophytes from a regional germplasm including south Pacific and Atlantic strains. Only nine countries have described algal pathogens so far. The Southeast Pacific (Chilean coast) concentrates the largest number of records and correspond to endophytic algae of different taxa (34 %), viruses (21 %) and protistan pseudofungi (20 %). In our 2020–2022 sampling campaigns, 33 new records were reported for Latin America, which constitutes 15 % of the total records for the region. Overall, unbalanced track records were detected at geographical (e.g. country), temporal (year), diagnosis type and outbreak level, possibly due to scattered and unsystematic sampling efforts. Our results show that pathogens remain cryptic threats for seaweed-related human activities. We anticipate that as the sampling effort increases, algal pathogen records will also increase in number and importance, in proportions comparable to other ecologically and commercially relevant aquatic resources

Campaña Cero Un equipo de geólogos argentinos navega al sur de Tierra del Fuego. Los eventos tectónicos que tuvieron lugar allí hace millones de años, cambiaron el clima de la Tierra y dieron origen a la circulación de corrientes marinas. Bajo la superficie del mar, un archivo natural de información acerca del pasado evolutivo de nuestro planeta, capturado y encapsulado junto a los sedimentos del fondo, aguarda por ser develado.

El Beagle y sus dos naciones Por primera vez en el Cono Sur, dos países aúnan fuerzas para el estudio de una región particular que guarda información sensible en relación al calentamiento global. Científicos argentinos y chilenos llevan a cabo una expedición oceanográfica en el buque Víctor Angelescu con el fin de estudiar la incidencia del cambio climático en el fin del mundo. El cronómetro avanza y la temperatura aumenta, es crucial tener un registro periódico y sistemático de estos cambios para poder entender, no solo el presente sino también, el futuro del cambio que sufre el planeta.

Tablas de registros de multas establecidas por los agentes del Departamento de Policía de la provincia de Mendoza, 1835-1860 Estas tablas sirven de base al artículo “¿Contravenciones o delitos? La praxis policial entre la norma y la configuración burocrática. Mendoza, Río de la Plata-Argentina,1828-1860”, en Revista de Historia de las Prisiones, n°17, Tucumán, 2023, pp. 42-61, https://www.revistadeprisiones.com/wp-content/uploads/2023/12/041-056-RHP-17-Julio-Diciembre-2023.pdf. Las tablas muestran las series de infracciones motivos de multas que fueran registradas dentro de los informes contables del Departamento de Policía de Mendoza entre 1835 y 1860.

Mobbing call experiment Experimental data of mobbing experiment in house wrens. Datos de experimento de llamadas de alarma en la Ratona Común realizado en el marco del proyecto de Análisis funcional de las llamadas de alarma en la Ratona Común, Troglodytes aedon. En este experimento se modificaron la tasas de llamadas y el número de individuos que llaman y se analizó su respuesta.

Sleep consolidation potentiates sensorimotor adaptation Solano, Agustín Benjamín Ezequiel; Lerner, Gonzalo Martin; Griffa, Guillermina; Deleglise, Álvaro; Caffaro, Pedro Alejandro; Riquelme, Luis; Pérez Chada, Daniel; Della Maggiore, Valeria Monica Contrary to its well-established role in declarative learning, the impact of sleep on motor memory consolidation remains a subject of debate. Current literature suggests that while motor skill learning benefits from sleep, consolidation of sensorimotor adaptation (SMA) depends solely on the passage of time. This has led to the proposal that SMA may be an exception to other types of memories. Here, we addressed this ongoing controversy in humans through three comprehensive experiments using the visuomotor adaptation paradigm (N = 290, 150 females). In Experiment 1, we investigated the impact of sleep on memory retention when the temporal gap between training and sleep was not controlled. In line with the previous literature, we found that memory consolidates with the passage of time. In Experiment 2, we used an anterograde interference protocol to determine the time window during which SMA memory is most fragile and, thus, potentially most sensitive to sleep intervention. Our results show that memory is most vulnerable during the initial hour post-training. Building on this insight, in Experiment 3, we investigated the impact of sleep when it coincided with the critical first hour of memory consolidation. This manipulation unveiled a benefit of sleep (30% memory enhancement) alongside an increase in spindle density and spindle–SO coupling during NREM sleep, two well-established neural markers of sleep consolidation. Our findings reconcile seemingly conflicting perspectives on the active role of sleep in motor learning and point to common mechanisms at the basis of memory formation.

Economic burden of respiratory syncytial virus disease in Latin America: A systematic review Moreno, Carolina; Bardach, Ariel Esteban; Palermo, María Carolina; Sandoval, María Macarena; Baumeister, Elsa; Ruvinsky, Silvina Denise; Ulloa Gutiérrez, Rolando; Stegelmann, Katharina; Ardiles Ruesjas, Sofía; LaRotta, Jorge; Sini de Almeida, Rodrigo; Ciapponi, Agustín This Systematic Review assesses the economic impact of Respiratory Syncytial Virus (RSV) in Latin America and the Caribbean (LAC) in relation to healthcare resource utilization and associated costs. We searched online databases from January 2012 to November 2022 to identify eligible publications. We identified 12 publications that reported direct costs, indirect costs, and resources associated with RSV and its complications. The primary direct medical resources reported were medical services, diagnostics tests and procedures, and length of stay (LOS). Direct total costs per patient ranged widely from $563 to $19,076. Direct costs are, on average, 98% higher than indirect costs. Brazil reported a higher total cost per patient than Colombia, El Salvador, México, Panamá, and Puerto Rico, while for indirect costs per patient, El Salvador and Panamá had higher costs than Brazil, Colombia, and Mexico. The mean LOS in the general ward due to RSV was 6.9 days (range 4 to 20 days) and the mean Intensive Care Unit LOS was 9.1 days (range 4 to 16 days). In many countries of the LAC region, RSV represents a considerable economic burden on health systems, but significant evidence gaps were identified in the region. More rigorous health economic studies are essential to better understand this burden and to promote effective healthcare through an informed decision-making process. Vaccination against RSV plays a critical role in mitigating this burden and should be a priority in public health strategies.

Problemas nutricionales y asesoramiento recibido en pacientes oncológicos argentinos: un área desatendida; Nutritional problems and advice received in argentinian oncological patients: an unaddressed area Manzur, Karen; Kohan Cortada, Ana Felisa Introducción: Los pacientes oncológicos enfrentan la posibilidad de experimentar problemas asociados a la dieta durante esta etapa. Sin embargo, los antecedentes indican que el asesoramiento nutricional recibido es limitado. El objetivo de este estudio fue describir los problemas nutricionales asociados a la dieta y el asesoramiento recibido en pacientes oncológicos argentinos en el año 2023. Material y métodos: Diseño no experimental, descriptivo, transversal. Se utilizó un muestreo no probabilístico, participaron voluntariamente pacientes adultos con diagnóstico de cáncer que otorgaron su consentimiento. Se aplicó un cuestionario para evaluar los problemas asociados a la dieta y el asesoramiento recibido. La recolección de datos se realizó de manera mixta y el análisis estadístico se efectuó utilizando el software SPSS. Se trabajó con un nivel de confianza del 95%. Resultados: Participaron 500 pacientes, el 87,2% (n=436) eran mujeres y el diagnóstico más frecuente fue cáncer de mama. El 84,4% de los pacientes experimentaron problemas asociados a la dieta con una mediana de 4 dificultades. De ellos, el 80,1% no fue derivado a un nutricionista para abordar estos síntomas. La frecuencia con la que fueron pesados durante la visita al médico o equipo de salud fue baja (35%). En aquellos que actualmente estaban en tratamiento (n=332), la frecuencia con la que fueron consultados sobre posibles dificultades con la alimentación también fue baja (23,5%); sin embargo, los pacientes con diagnósticos más propensos a experimentar dificultades con la alimentación fueron consultados con mayor frecuencia sobre este tema (p<0,05). Conclusiones: Los problemas asociados a la dieta que experimentan los pacientes son frecuentes y numerosos pero el asesoramiento recibido para gestionarlos es limitado. Además, la baja frecuencia de pesaje y consulta sobre este tema, por parte del equipo de salud, destaca la necesidad de atender esta área.; Introduction: Cancer patients face the possibility of experiencing diet-related issues during this stage. However, previous data indicates that nutritional counseling received is limited. The objective of this study was to describe diet-related nutritional problems and the counseling received by Argentine cancer patients in 2023. Materials and Methods: Non-experimental, descriptive, cross-sectional design. A non-probabilistic sampling method was used, and adult cancer patients who provided consent participated voluntarily. A questionnaire was administered to assess dietrelated problems and the counseling received. Data collection was mixed, and statistical analysis was performed using SPSS software, with a 95% confidence level. Results: A total of 500 patients participated, 87.2% (n=436) were women, and the most common diagnosis was breast cancer. 84.4% of patients experienced diet-related problems, with a median of 4 difficulties. Of these, 80.1% were not referred to a nutritionist to address these symptoms. The frequency of being weighed during medical or healthcare visits was low (35%). Among those currently in treatment (n=332), the frequency of being consulted about potential dietary difficulties was also low (23.5%). However, patients with diagnoses more prone to dietary issues were consulted more frequently on this topic (p<0.05). Conclusions: Diet-related problems experienced by patients are frequent and numerous, yet the counseling received to manage these issues is limited. Additionally, the low frequency of weighing and consultation by the healthcare team highlights the need to address this area.

Integrating eDNA metabarcoding and citizen science enhances avian ecological research Padro, Julian Research Highlight: Bourbour et al., 2024. Feeding en route: Prey availability and traits influence prey selection by an avian predator on migration. Journal of Animal Ecology. Diet selection plays a key role in the eco-evolutionary dynamics of animals, exhibiting substantial variability across species, environments and seasons. The complex interplay between movement capability, hunting strategies, habitat use, prey traits and availability shapes the foraging patterns of avian predators. However, detailed information on how these birds exploit their extensive territories remains limited. In this study, Bourbour et al. utilised a novel integration of eDNA metabarcoding and citizen science to explore predator–prey interactions between migrating sharpshinned hawks (Accipiter striatus) and an ephemeral avian prey community along North America's Pacific flyway. The research identified 1396 detections from the diet (65 species) of 588 migrating sharp-shinned hawks. Hawks' diet composition correlated with prey abundance indices sourced from the eBird database throughout the migration season, highlighting the significant impact of prey availability—shaped by migration tendency, flocking behaviour, and habitat—on raptor-songbird interactions. Notably, the study also found significant differences in prey size between male and female hawks, indicating that sexual dimorphism has led to diverse foraging strategies during migration. These findings underscore the potential of combining eDNA metabarcoding with citizen science to deepen our understanding of the foraging ecology of highly mobile and wide-ranging birds, as well as to monitor complex and vast ecosystems.

Predation risk and floral rewards: How pollinators balance these conflicts and the consequences on plant fitness Gavini, Sabrina; Quintero, Carolina Foraging behavior of pollinators is shaped by, among other factors, the conflict between maximizing resource intake and minimizing predation risk; yet, empirical studies quantifying variation in both forces are rare, compared to those investigating each separately. Here, we discuss the importance of simultaneously assessing bottom-up and top-down forces in the study of plant-pollinator interactions, and propose a conceptual and testable graphical hypothesis for pollinator foraging behavior and plant fitness outcomes as a function of varying floral rewards and predation risk. In low predation risk scenarios, no noticeable changes in pollinator foraging behavior are expected, with reward levels affecting only the activity threshold. However, as predation risk increases we propose that there is a decrease in foraging behavior, with a steeper decline as plants are more rewarding and profitable. Lastly, in high predation risk scenarios, we expect foraging to approach zero, regardless of floral rewards. Thus, we propose that pollinator foraging behavior follows an inverse S-shape curve, with more pronounced changes in foraging activity at intermediate levels of predation risk, especially in high reward systems. We present empirical evidence that is consistent with this hypothesis. In terms of the consequences for plant fitness, we propose that specialized plant-pollinator systems should be more vulnerable to increased predation risk, with a steeper and faster decline in plant fitness, compared with generalist systems, in which pollinator redundancy can delay or buffer the effect of predators. Moreover, whereas we expect that specialist systems follows a similar inverse S-shape curve, in generalist systems we propose three different scenarios as a function not only of reward level but also compatibility, mating-system, and the interplay between growth form and floral display. The incorporation of trade-offs in pollinator behavior balancing the conflicting demands between feeding and predation risk has a promising future as a key feature enabling the development of more complex foraging models.

Una visión para ladrones: hurto y fe del lenguaje aventurado; A vision for thieves: theft and faith of the ventured language Maggi, Marina Este ensayo aborda la pregunta por la fe como acto de lenguaje que configura el núcleo de toda aventura, en que la coincidencia de lenguaje y acontecer tiene lugar a partir del apasionamiento de una voz, del apego de esta a la intensidad inconstatable de una zona de existencia.; This essay addresses the question of faith as an act of language that gives birth to every adventure. It states that the coincidence of language and event that takes place in any adventure constitutes the passion of a voice, its attachment to the incontrovertible intensity of a zone of existence.

La mar no estaba serena: Peronismo, bienestar social, cultura física y producción audiovisual; La mar no estava serena: Peronisme, benestar social, cultura física i producció audiovisual; The sea was not calm: Peronism, social welfare, physical culture and audio- visual production; La mer n’était pas calme: Péronisme, protection sociale, culture physique et production audiovisuelle Southwell, Myriam Monica; Galak, Eduardo Con la llegada a la presidencia en 1946 de Juan Domingo Perón fue desarrollándose una política pública educativa de masas solidaria con el accionar en el sistema escolar tradicional, articulando sentidos conservadores con nuevas formas de democratización. Se trataba de una puesta en escena de la centralidad de la infancia como agente político, la cual se enlazó con la proliferación de recursos audiovisuales como aliado para la difusión de mensajes propagandístico-partidarios. La cinematografía fue pensada como dispositivo de entretenimiento, información, pasatiempo cultural e instrumento educativo. En este sentido se inscribe la utilización del turismo social y de las colonias de vacaciones por parte del Estado argentino, reflejando imágenes dinámicas sobre cuerpos en movimiento en el mar y en el río. Se analizan la prensa cinematográfica «Colonia de Vacaciones en Punta Lara» y «Magnífica iniciativa hecha realidad» (1950), y tres cortometrajes docuficcionales de propaganda en los que se resalta la política pública de viajes útiles al mar.; Amb l’arribada a la presidència el 1946 de Juan Domingo Perón es va desenvolupar una política pública educativa de masses solidària amb l’acció del sistema escolar tradicional, articulant sentits conservadors amb noves formes de democratització. Es tractava d’una posada en escena de la centralitat de la infància com a agent polític, la qual es va articular amb la proliferació de recursos audiovisuals com a aliat per a la difusió de missatges propagandístic-partidaris. La cinematografia va ser pensada com a dispositiu d’entreteniment, informació, passatemps cultural i instrument educatiu. En aquest sentit s’inscriu la utilització del turisme social i de les colònies de vacances per part de l’Estat argentí, reflectint imatges dinàmiques sobre cossos en moviment al mar i al riu. S’analitzen els curtmetratges «Colonia de Vacaciones en Punta Lara» i «Magnífica iniciativa hecha realidad» (1950), i tres curtmetratges docuficcionals de propaganda en què es ressalta la política pública de viatges útils al mar.; With the inauguration of Juan Domingo Perón as president in 1946, a mass public educational policy was developed in solidarity with actions in the traditional school system, articulating conservative meanings with new forms of democratization. It was a staging of the centrality of children as a political agent, which was related to the proliferation of audiovisual resources as an ally in the dissemination of propaganda/partisan messages. Cinematography was intended as an entertainment device and provider of information, as a cultural pastime and an educational instrument. The use of social tourism and vacation colonies by the Argentine State is inscribed, reflecting dynamic images of bodies moving in the sea and in the river. The newsreels «Vacation Colony in Punta Lara» and «Magnificent initiative come true» (1950) are analysed, as well as three short propaganda films in which the public policy of useful trips to the sea is highlighted.; Avec l’arrivée à la présidence en 1946 de Juan Domingo Perón, une politique éducative publique de masse a été développée en solidarité avec les actions du système scolaire traditionnel, articulant des significations conservatrices avec de nouvelles formes de démocratisation. Il s’agissait d’une mise en scène de la centralité de l’enfance en tant qu’agent politique, qui s’articulait avec la prolifération des ressources audiovisuelles comme alliées pour la diffusion de messages de propagande partisane. La cinématographie était conçue comme un dispositif de divertissement, d’information, de passe-temps culturel et d’instrument éducatif. C’est en ce sens que s’inscrit l’utilisation du tourisme social et des colonies de vacances par l’État argentin, reflétant des images dynamiques de corps en mouvement dans la mer et dans le fleuve. Les courts métrages Colonie de vacances à Punta Lara et Magnifique initiative devenue réalité (1950) sont analysés, ainsi que trois courts métrages documentaires de propagande dans lesquels la politique publique des voyages utiles à la mer est mise en avant.

Fracture toughness and overall characterization of PLA based biocomposites with natural fibers: A comparative study Ramírez Borrero, Carlos Eduardo; Agaliotis, Eliana Mabel; Pettarin, Valeria Biocomposites based on commercial polylactic acid (PLA) matrix reinforced with three different short natural fibers (coir, fique and sisal) at 1; 3, and 5 % wt, were obtained by compression molding. The idea of keeping additional processing steps as low as possible, thus reducing costs, prevailed. Then, no chemical treatment was performed on natural fibers. Overall performance of composites was evaluated by means of fracture tests along with FTIR and thermal characterization, SEM micrographs, and tensile tests. Results show that the incorporation of short sisal fibers increased more than 130 % the fracture toughness of composite materials, by inducing additional mechanisms of energy dissipation prior to crack growth. This improvement in behavior was observed even though there was no good adhesion between fibers and matrix. Sisal fibers’ composites exhibited the best fracture and mechanical properties compared to coir and fique composites, without a detriment in degradation behavior.

Improving the computational efficiency of lock-in algorithms through coherent averaging Oliva, Matias Javier; Veiga, Alejandro Luis; Arias García, Pablo Andrés; Spinelli, Enrique Mario The lock-in amplifier is a commonly used technique for the processing of noisy signals with a known periodicity that involves multiplying the signal with one or more reference signals of the same periodicity and low-pass filtering the results. This enables the recovery of the amplitude and phase of the signal being measured. Another well studied technique to reduce the noise of periodic signals is the coherent averaging method, where the samples of a noisy signal with a known periodicity are averaged coherently. In this paper, a novel system combining both algorithms is proposed. In this approach, the signal is first averaged coherently for a number of cycles (Nca) and then passed through a conventional lock-in with a moving average filter of a whole number of periods of the signal (Nma) as a lowpass filter. In this scenario, the question of how to distribute the incoming samples between the coherent average and the conventional lock-in scheme arises. The mathematical aspects of this issue were evaluated, leading to the conclusion that the calculation results remain identical as long as the product NcaNma remains constant. However, it was observed that the number of operations required for each algorithm varies. By maximizing the number of samples used for the coherent average, the number of multiplications involved can be drastically reduced from NcaNmaM to just M, where M represents the number of samples in a single period of the signal. The drawbacks are the need for space to store the averaged signal, a slower convergence to the result, and an extra cycle in the calculations. Any lockin system with moving average filter can take advantage of these results. Particularly in this study, they are employed to nearly double the achievable clock frequency of a lock-in system implemented on a Cyclone V FPGA, taking it from 119.39 MHz to 216.54 MHz without the use of hardware embedded multipliers.

Nuevo registro para la Flora Vascular Argentina: Gloxinia major (Gesneriaceae, Gloxiniinae); New record for Argentinian Vascular Flora: Gloxinia major (Gesneriaceae, Gloxiniinae) Fabbroni, Mariela; Barrientos, Ignacio; Zanotti, Christian Alejandro Nuestra investigación da a conocer la presencia de Gloxinia major en el territorio argentino, especieanteriormente citada como endémica para los bosques secos de Bolivia. La especie es descrita, ilustradamediante fotografías y, además, se brinda información ambiental sobre las poblaciones halladas ysobre su estado de conservación. Se provee un mapa de distribución geográfica de la especie para laArgentina y Bolivia, y una clave de identificación para las dos especies que se conocen para la FloraArgentina, incluyendo al nuevo registro.; Nuestra investigación da a conocer la presencia de Gloxinia major en el territorio argentino, especie anteriormente citada como endémica para los bosques secos de Bolivia. La especie es descrita, ilustrada mediante fotografías y, además, se brinda información ambiental sobre las poblaciones halladas y sobre su estado de conservación. Se provee un mapa de distribución geográfica de la especie para la Argentina y Bolivia, y una clave de identificación para las dos especies que se conocen para la Flora Argentina, incluyendo al nuevo registro.

O marxismo louco de Mark Fisher: Por uma política radical de saúde mental; The mad marxism of Mark Fisher: For a radical mental health policy Exposto, Emiliano “Marxismo Louco” busca combinar os registros da experiência vivida, do ativismo e da situação argentina na interpretação do pensamento de Mark Fisher. Realizo uma leitura do crítico cultural inglês, revisando suas contribuições para uma teoria crítica do desconforto e uma práxis anticapitalista em saúde mental. Nas duas primeiras seções reconstruo certos aspectos da recepção pessoal e geracional de Fisher na Argentina. Em seguida, delineio os rudimentos conceituais de uma investigação filosófica da “depressão ansiosa” baseada em K-punk. Em quarto lugar, analiso as hipóteses da política dos sintomáticos e da “classe do perturbariado”, considerando o deslocamento ambivalente da autoconsciência coletiva para o autodiagnóstico individual. Na quinta seção, examino as economias do mal-estar em virtude da problematização da normatividade psíquica inerente à dominação capitalista. E, por fim, traço um breve contraponto entre Fisher e um intelectual das “novas direitas” em torno da crise emocional.; In Mad Marxism” seeks to combine the registers of lived experience, activism and the Argentinean conjuncture in the interpretation of Mark Fisher's thought. I make a reading of the English cultural critic reviewing his contributions for a critical theory of discomforts and an anti-capitalist praxis in mental health. In the first two sections I reconstruct certain aspects of Fisher's personal and generational reception in Argentina. Then I outline the conceptual rudiments of a philosophical investigation of “anxious depression” from K-punk. Fourth, I analyze the hypotheses of the politics of the symptomatic and the “class of the deranged,” attending to the ambivalent shift from collective self-consciousness to individual self-diagnosis. Fifth, I examine the economies of discomfort by virtue of problematizing the psychic normativity inherent in capitalist domination. And finally, I trace a brief counterpoint between Fisher and a “new right” intellectual on the crisis psychic.

Retrocesos y avances de la pobreza en Santiago del Estero (Argentina), 1980-2024 Parnas, Mariano Juan; Fonzo Bolañez, Claudia Yesica ste artículo analiza la situación de pobreza en los hogares de Santiago del Estero (Argentina)desde los ochenta hasta el presente, mediante un análisis cuantitativo de las estadísticasoficiales. Por un lado, se utiliza para la Provincia el indicador de Necesidades BásicasInsatisfechas (NBI), desagregando el análisis en cada una de las dimensiones. Por otro lado,se examina lo acontecido con las mediciones de pobreza e indigencia monetaria para elAglomerado Santiago del Estero-La Banda. Mientras el indicador de NBI en Santiago delEstero mostró grandes avances en el último periodo intercensal, sobre todo por las mejorasen las dimensiones hacinamiento y condiciones sanitarias, las mediciones vinculadas alindicador de línea de pobreza exhibieron un salto importante entre el segundo semestre de2023 y el primero de 2024, lo cual vuelve más urgente la necesidad de articular políticas,en distintas escalas de gobierno, para mejorar la situación de miles de hogares que hanvisto deterioraras sus condiciones de vida. A esto se añade la necesidad de mejorar los instrumentos de recolección de información con el propósito de contar con mediciones superadoras de la pobreza multidimensional, incorporar la dimensión subjetiva en las mediciones oficiales y considerar las especificidades de la ruralidad.; This article analyzes the poverty situation in households in Santiago del Estero (Argentina) from the eighties to the present, through a quantitative analysis of official statistics. On the one hand, the Unsatisfied Basic Needs (NBI) indicator is used for the Province, disaggregating the analysis into each of the dimensions. On the other hand, what happened with the measurements of poverty and monetary indigence for the Santiago del EsteroLa Banda Agglomeration is examined. While the NBI indicator in Santiago del Estero showed great progress in the last intercensal period, especially due to improvements in the dimensions of overcrowding and sanitary conditions, the measurements linked to the poverty line indicator showed a significant jump between the second half of 2023 and the first in 2024, which makes the need to articulate policies more urgent, at different levels of government, to improve the situation of thousands of households that have seen their living conditions deteriorate. Added to this is the need to improve information collection instruments with the purpose of having measurements that overcome multidimensional poverty, incorporating the subjective dimension in official measurements and considering the specificities of rurality.

Shifts in the gut microbiota of sea urchin Diadema antillarum associated with the 2022 disease outbreak Ruiz Barrionuevo, Juliana María; Kardas, Elif; Rodríguez Barreras, Ruber; Quiñones Otero, Marcos A.; Ruiz Diaz, Claudia P.; Toledo Hernández, Carlos; Godoy Vitorino, Filipa Introduction: In recent decades, Caribbean coral reefs have lost many vital marine species due to diseases. The well-documented mass mortality event of the long-spined black sea urchin Diadema antillarum in the early 1980s stands out among these collapses. This die-off killed over 90% of D. antillarum changing the reefscape from coral to algal-dominated. Nearly 40 years later, D.antillarum populations have yet to recover. In early 2022, a new mortality event of D. antillarum was reported along the Caribbean, including Puerto Rico. Methods: This study identifies the gut microbiota changes associated with the D. antillarum during this mortality event. It contrasts them with the bacterial composition of gut samples from healthy individuals collected in 2019 by using 16S rRNA sequencing analyses. Results: Notably, the die-off group’s core microbiome resembled bacteria commonly found in the human skin and gut, suggesting potential anthropogenic contamination and wastewater pollution as contributing factors to the 2022 dysbiosis. The animals collected in 2022, especially those with signs of disease, lacked keystone taxa normally found in Diadema including Photobacterium andPropionigenium.Discussion: The association between human microbes and disease stages in the long-spined urchin D. antillarum, especially in relation to anthropogenic contamination, highlights a complex interplay between environmental stressors and marine health. While these microbes might not be the direct cause of death in this species of sea urchins, their presence and proliferation can indicate underlying issues, such as immune depletion due to pollution, habitat destruction, or climate change, that ultimately compromise the health of these marine organisms.

Effect of probiotics on the growth, blood profile, and nutritional-metabolic profile of feedlot cattle Mansilla, Flavia Ivana; Aristimuño Ficoseco, Maria Cecilia; Miranda, Maria Hortencia; D'urso Villar, Marcela Adriana; Fátima Nader Macias, María E.; Vignolo, Graciela Margarita The blood profile, nutritional-metabolic status, and growth performance of cattle receiving probiotic lactobacilli for 105 days from entry to a feedlot system were evaluated. The trial involved 60 Brangus/Braford castrated steers. They were randomly allocated in pens (n = 15/treatment) and in-feed supplemented with different probiotic suspensions (107–108 CFU/mL/day). The suspensions consisted of (A) Lactobacillus acidophilus CRL2074, (B) Limosilactobacillus fermentum CRL2085, or (C) multistrain CRL2074 + CRL2085 + Limosilactobacillus mucosae CRL2069 formulations, against the control group. Individual samples were taken from each animal thrice throughout the assay (0, 45, and 105 days). Analysis of clinical parameters showed optimal animal body condition and sensorium state. Isolated nasal discharges and the absence of diarrhea were observed at 105 days in the group administered with multistrain and Lim. fermentum CRL2085 probiotics. An increasing trend was observed in cattle growth throughout the trial, which was calculated based on the height at the withers and the thoracic diameter. Weight increase and daily weight gain (1.31 ± 0.12 kg and 1.21 ± 0.21 kg/day, respectively) were maximum for cattle supplied with CRL2085 and multistrain probiotics. Blood and serum parameters were within referential ranges for the control and probiotics-supplemented groups; however, mean values of hematocrit were higher, while the serum glucose, lipid profile, and C-reactive protein values were lower in all the groups. In addition, the multistrain probiotic formulation exhibited higher numbers of cultivable lactic acid bacteria and a slight decrease in the number of enterobacteria in feces at the end of the trial. Therefore, there is great potential for multistrain probiotic formulation to improve the overall performance of feedlot beef cattle.