El centro de infancia de la familia CDIF “Santa Brígida”, en el área metropolitana de Buenos Aires: Su comportamiento energético ambiental; O centro infantil familiar CDIF "Santa Brígida", na área metropolitana de Buenos Aires: Seu desempenho energético ambiental; The "Santa Brígida" CDIF family childhood center, in the metropolitan area of Buenos Aires: Its environmental energy performance Czajkowski, Jorge Daniel; Gomez, Analia Fernanda Con financiamiento de un proyecto Euroclima+ se realizó una auditoría en invierno y verano de un edificio de alto impacto social en un área vulnerable del AMBA. El edificio de 336 m2 es parte de una red de centros de infancia construidos en los últimos años en varios municipios. Se instaló instrumental para el monitoreo del comportamiento higrotérmico en el interior y una estación meteorológica en el exterior, se realizaron encuestas de percepción ambiental a empleados, se registraron consumos de energía junto al relevamiento del equipamiento y materialización de su envolvente, se analizaron los consumos históricos y termografías. Esto con el objetivo de obtener un conocimiento cabal de su comportamiento para proponer medidas posibles de rehabilitación a fin de mejorar su eficiencia energética. Se exponen resultados, junto a recomendaciones de intervención para su sustentabilización.; Com o financiamento de um projeto Euroclima+, foi realizada uma auditoria de inverno e verão em um edifício de alto impacto social em uma área vulnerável da AMBA. O prédio de 336 m2 faz parte de uma rede de centros infantis construídos nos últimos anos em vários municípios. Foram instalados instrumentos para monitorar o comportamento higrotérmico interno e uma estação meteorológica na área externa; foram realizadas pesquisas de percepção ambiental com os funcionários; o consumo de energia foi registrado juntamente com o levantamento dos equipamentos e a materialização de sua envoltória; foram analisados os históricos de consumo e as termografias. O objetivo era obter um conhecimento profundo de seu comportamento para propor possíveis medidas de reabilitação para melhorar sua eficiência energética. Os resultados são apresentados, juntamente com recomendações de intervenção para sua sustentabilidade.; With funding from a Euroclima+ project, a winter and summer audit of a high social impact building in a vulnerable area of the AMBA was carried out. The 336 m2 building is part of a network of children's centers built in recent years in several municipalities. Instruments were installed to monitor indoor hygrothermal behavior and a weather station was installed outside, environmental perception surveys were conducted with employees, energy consumption was recorded together with the survey of the equipment and materialization of its envelope, historical consumption and thermographs were analyzed. The aim was to obtain a thorough knowledge of their behavior in order to propose possible rehabilitation measures to improve their energy efficiency. The results are presented, together with recommendations for intervention for its sustainability.

El encanto de un final; The charming of an ending Topuzian, Marcelo El trabajo, en primer lugar, analiza un recurso de evaluación característico e institucionalizado en la cátedra de Teoría y Análisis Literario ‘C’ de la carrera de Letras de la Universidad de Buenos Aires: el examen o coloquio final. Se tienen especialmente en cuenta –además de su carácter oral– su masividad, la implicación en él de los docentes auxiliares y, sobre todo, el propósito de síntesis personal que lo guía. A continuación, se exploran las actitudes respecto de la teoría literaria como disciplina y como corpus que pueden desprenderse de esta concepción de la evaluación: una presentación que es histórica y que incluso no esquiva pensar su eventual –o actual– clausura (el tópico del ‘fin de la teoría’), pero que también busca enfatizar su conexión con el presente más inmediato y también, por qué no, con el futuro. En este último sentido se discute el rol de la cátedra en la difusión en Argentina de los estudios culturales, especialmente en relación con las perspectivas sobre los mismos provenientes de las ciencias sociales. Se llama finalmente la atención sobre los presupuestos políticos que orientan estas actitudes y se extraen conclusiones a propósito del rol de la teoría literaria en la formación superior en los estudios literarios, en tiempos de completa rehabilitación de los enfoques históricos sobre la literatura.; The paper, first of all, analyzes a characteristic and institutionalized evaluation resource in the Literary Theory and Analysis ‘C’ course of the Literature Department of the University of Buenos Aires: the final exam or colloquium. In addition to its oral character, its massiveness, the involvement of teaching assistants in it and, above all, the purpose of personal synthesis that guides it are especially taken into account. Next, we explore the attitudes towards literary theory as a discipline and as a corpus that can be derived from this conception of evaluation: a presentation that is historical and that does not even avoid thinking about its eventual -or actual- closure (the topic of the ‘end of theory’), but that also seeks to emphasize its connection with the most immediate present and also, why not, with the future. In this last sense, the role of the course in the diffusion of cultural studies in Argentina is discussed, especially in relation to the perspectives on them coming from the social sciences. Finally, attention is drawn to the political assumptions that guide these attitudes and conclusions are drawn about the role of literary theory in higher education in literary studies, in times of complete rehabilitation of historical approaches to literature.

Discursividades disidentes, fronteras enunciativas y espacios de decir periféricos: Reflexiones sobre el lenguaje no sexista, el lenguaje inclusivo y los discursos con perspectiva de género; Dissident discursiveness, enunciative frontiers and outlying speech spaces: Reflections on non-sexist language, inclusive language and discourses with gender perspective Tosi, Carolina Luciana; Hermida, Maria Eugenia Este trabajo presenta la continuación del dosier “Discursividades disidentes. Reflexiones sobre el lenguaje no sexista, el lenguaje inclusivo y los discursos con perspectiva de género” (publicado en el volumen VII, número 2 de esta revista). El presente dosier se configura como un espacio de diálogo en torno a las prácticas vinculadas con la perspectiva de género y como un marco para la indagación de los rasgos que caracterizan las nuevas construcciones discursivas, las disputas que generan y las posibilidades de reflexión en pos de contribuir con los actuales debates en el área de las ciencias sociales y humanísticas. Los artículos que recopila y pone en diálogo esta segunda entrega se centran en explorar las lógicas, las trampas y las oportunidades relativas a un habla otra, pero ya no en los sitios habituales o hegemónicos. Por el contrario, los cuatro textos ponen el foco en analizar prácticas discursivas producidas en espacios alternativos y logran construir un archivo otro, en el que se entrecruzan el lenguaje inclusivo, la Educación Sexual Integral, los feminismos y las disidencias sexogenéricas. Se trata de investigaciones, realizadas en Argentina, Chile y Brasil, que nos invitan a adentrarnos en espacios de decir periféricos y traspasar las fronteras enunciativas impuestas por las matrices discursivas de poder.; This work presents the second issue of the dossier “Dissident discursiveness. Reflections on non-sexist language, inclusive language and discourses with gender perspective” (published in this review, in Volume VII, Issue 2). The present dossier constitutes a space for dialogue about the discursive practices related to the gendered perspective, as well as a frame for inquiring in the features of new discursive constructions, the disputes that they arise and the possibilities that they offer to think and contribute to the present debates in the various disciplines of the Social Sciences and the Humanities. The articles gathered in this issue explore the logics, the traps and the opportunities related to an outlying speech in contexts which are not considered hegemonic. As a result, the dossier presents an alternative archive of inclusive language, sexual education, feminisms and dissident sexual identities, that reveals practices and resistances in Argentina, Chile and Brazil.

Disparate response of decapods to low pH: A meta-analysis of life history, physiology and behavior traits across life stages and environments Ocampo, Emiliano Hernan; Nuñez, Jesus Dario; Ribeiro, Pablo Damián; Pérez García, Macarena; Bas, Claudia Cristina; Luppi, Tomas Atilio We employed a meta-analysis to determine if the presumed resilience of decapods to ocean acidification extends to all biological aspects, environments, and life stages. Most response categories appeared unaffected by acidification. However, certain fitness-related traits (growth, survival, and, to some extent, calcification) were impacted. Acid-base balance and stress response scaled positively with reductions in pH, which maintains homeostasis, possibly at the cost of other processes. Juveniles were the only stage impacted by acidification, which is believed to reduce recruitment. We observed few differences in responses to acidification among decapods inhabiting contrasting environments. Our meta-analysis shows decapods as a group slightly to moderately sensitive to low pH, with impacts on some biological aspects rather than on all specific life stages or habitats. Although extreme pH scenarios may not occur in the open ocean, coastal and estuarine areas might experience lower pH levels in the near to medium future, posing potential challenges for decapods.

Trophic ecology of Geoffroy's cat (Leopardus geoffroyi) and mammal prey availability in semi-arid environments of central Patagonia, Argentina; Ecología trófica del gato montés (Leopardus geoffroyi) y disponibilidad de presas de mamíferos en ambientes semiáridos de la Patagonia central, Argentina D´Agostino, Romina Laura; Udrizar Sauthier, Daniel Edgardo Research on the dietary composition of felids can help improve the perception of rural workersand their tolerance towards this group, which is threatened by human-wildlife conicts. In this context, the purpose of this study was to quantify the diet of Leopardus georoyi in Península Valdés (Patagonia, Argentina) to obtain baseline knowledge of the species dietary habits, trophic ecology, and degree of prey consumption. To this end, 160 fresh scat samples, collected from 2013 to 2016, were analyzed. Ten mammal species, one tinamou bird, one lizard genus, and one insect order were identied. The most frequently consumed prey (63.84%) were small-sized mammals (< 1 kg), accounting for the highest biomass contribution (37.2%). The frequency of each mammal species in the diet was not correlated with their capture frequency (measured through Sherman live traps and pedestrian diurnal transects). This study is the rst to report on the diet of L. georoyi in Argentinean central Patagonia, and it provides information not only on ecological aspects but alsoon the natural history of this felid species.; La investigación sobre la composición de la dieta de los felinos puede ayudar a mejorar la percepción y la tolerancia de los trabajadores rurales hacia esta especie de carnívoro felino que se ve amenazada por el con icto entre humano-vida silvestre. En este contexto, el propósito de este estudio fue cuanti car la dieta de Leopardus geo royi en Península Valdés (Patagonia, Argentina) con la nalidad de obtener un conocimiento básico sobre la ecología tró ca y el grado de consumo de presas. Para ello, se analizaron 160 muestras de heces frescas recogidas entre 2013 y 2016. Se identi caron 10 especies de mamíferos, una especie de tinamú, un género de lagarto y un orden de insecto. Se encontró que las presas consumidas con mayor frecuencia (63.84%) eran los mamíferos de pequeño tamaño (< 1 kg) que, a su vez, representaron la mayor contribución de biomasa (37.2%). La frecuencia de cada especie de mamífero en la dieta no se correlacionó con su frecuencia de captura (medida a través de trampas de captura viva tipo Sherman y transectos diurnos pedestres). Este trabajo es la primera aproximación a la dieta de L. geoffroyi realizada en la Patagonia central argentina y aporta conocimientos no solo sobre aspectos ecológicos, sino también sobre la historia natural de esta especie de felino.

Contextos institucionales de las mujeres candidatas a gobernadoras en las provincias argentinas (1983-2019); Institutional contexts of women candidates for governors in the Argentine provinces (1983-2019) Berman, Luciana Este artículo busca avanzar en la comprensión sobre la participación política-electoral de las mujeres en las elecciones ejecutivas en las 23 provincias argentinas y la Ciudad Autónoma de Buenos Aires entre 1983 y 2019. A partir de la reconstrucción de las 1.878 candidaturas en 236 comicios provinciales durante 36 años de democracia ininterrumpida y del análisis de los regímenes electorales y sus modificaciones, se analizan los contextos institucionales en los que las mujeres participaron en elecciones como candidatas a gobernadoras o a vicegobernadoras. Se toman las constituciones provinciales para determinar el régimen electoral, las reformas políticas y constitucionales y las leyes que, específicamente, tengan que ver con la participación electoral de las mujeres, con el objetivo de encontrar si esas leyes refieren a las candidaturas ejecutivas. Los hallazgos principales muestran que no hubo un efecto derrame que incorporara mujeres como candidatas a los ejecutivos a partir de las leyes de cuotas y de paridad legislativas, dado que el porcentaje de participación fue bajo durante todo el período en todas las provincias y para ambos cargos en competencia, sobre todo para la Gobernación.; Ths article seeks to advance the understanding of women’s political and electoral participation in the executive elections in the 23 Argentinian provinces and the Autonomous City of Buenos Aires between 1983 and 2019. Starting from the reconstruction of the 1878 candidatures in 236 provincial elections during 36 years of uninterrupted democracy and the analysis of the electoral regimes and their modifications, the institutional contexts in which women participated in elections as candidates for governors or lieutenant governors are analysed. The provincial constitutions are taken to determine the electoral regime, the political and constitutional reforms, and the laws that specifically have to do with the electoral participation of women, seeking to find out if these laws refer to executive candidacies. The main findings show that there was no spillover effect that incorporated women as executive candidates from the legislative affirmative measures, given that the percentage of participation was low throughout the period, in all provinces and for both competing positions, above all for the government.

Mujeres en el encuadre: la construcción de fetiches profanos y la atracción de los públicos; Women in the Frame: the Construction of Profane Fetishes and the Attraction of Publics Flores, Silvana Noelia El objetivo de este artículo es estudiar un ciclo de films mexicanos que acusan una fórmula narrativa basada en la confección de cuadros de desnudos femeninos: La fuerza del deseo (Miguel M. Delgado, 1955), El seductor (Chano Urueta, 1955), La ilegítima (Chano Urueta, 1956) y La Diana cazadora (Tito Davison, 1957). Estos aprovecharon el aligeramiento de los códigos de la censura, y representaron al cuerpo femenino como fetiche profano e instrumento de atracción del público. Realizaremos un análisis narrativo y de la puesta en escena de dichos films, focalizando en las secuencias específicas en las que sus personajes participan de la confección de los cuadros. Los pondremos en confrontación con sus referencias en otras cinematografías y con sus implicancias estético-narrativas en el enfoque industrialista, destacando las propuestas publicitarias que emplearon para su instalación en el mercado nacional e internacional.; The objective of this article is to study a group of Mexican films that accuse a narrative formula based in artistic works of female nudes: La fuerza del deseo (Miguel M. Delgado, 1955), El seductor (Chano Urueta, 1955), La ilegítima (Chano Urueta, 1956) and La Diana cazadora (Tito Davison, 1957). They took advantage of the lightening of the censorship codes and represented the female body as profane fetish and as an instrument of attraction of the public. We will make a narrative and staging analysis of those films, focusing in the specific sequences where their characters participate in the making of paintings or sculptures. We will put them in confront with their references in other cinematographies and with their aesthetic-narrative implications in the industrialist focus, highlighting the publicity proposals used for their installation in the national and international market.

The Young Readers of the Argentine Right Saferstein, Ezequiel Andres; Goldentul, Analía Eugenia On May 3, 2023, the young right-wing intellectual Agustín Laje presented his latest book, Generación Idiota, at the Buenos Aires International Book Fair. Introducing the event, Andrés Mego, director of the book’s publisher, Hojas del Sur, took the microphone from the lectern and greeted the more than one thousand young people who had filled the José Hernández room, the largest at the fair…

Ideas e ideologías en la Argentina de los años 20: el antifascismo antes del antifascismo; Идеи и идеологии в Аргентине в 1920-е гг.: антифашизм до антифашизма; Ideas and ideologies in Argentina in the 1920s: anti-fascism before anti-fascism Pasolini, Ricardo Oscar El artículo intenta desarrollar un análisis de las ideas que se elaboraron acerca del antifascismo en la Argentina de los años 20. Para ello, estudia una serie de revistas culturales de orientación ideológica cosmopolita y/o de izquierda (Nosotros, Los pensadores, Claridad, Valoraciones, Izquierda, Sagitario). Se propone la hipótesis de que en un contexto global de circulación de ideas, el modelo político fascista se analiza con curiosidad, se impugna su componente antiobrero y autoritario, pero es reconocido como una expresión específica de la vida política italiana, de imposible desarrollo en Argentina. A diferencia de lo que sucederá en la década de 1930, el antifascismo fue un componente no central del debate político nacional durante esos años.; В статье предпринята попытка анализа представлений об антифашизме, сложившихся в Аргентине в 1920-е годы. Для этого автор обратился к исследованию серии культурных журналов космополитической и/или левой идеологической ориентации (Nosotros, Los pensadores, Claridad, Valoraciones, Izquierda, Sagitario). Выдвигается гипотеза о том, что в глобальном контексте распространения идей фа шистская политическая модель привлекала всеобщее внимание, при этом оспаривается ее антирабочая и авторитарная составляющая, и фашизм признается специфическим выражением итальянской политической жизни, неприемлемым как вариант возможного развития Аргентины. В отличие от того, что произошло в 1930-е годы, в предыдущее десятилетие антифашизм не был центральным компонентом национальных политических дебатов.; The article attempts to develop an analysis of the ideas that were developed about anti-fascism in Argentina in the 1920s. To do so, it studies a series of cultural magazines with a cosmopolitan and/or left-wing ideological orientation (Nosotros, Los pensadores, Claridad, Valoraciones, Izquierda, Sagitario). The hypothesis is proposed that in a global context of circulation of ideas, the fascist political model is analyzed with curiosity, its anti-worker and authoritarian component is challenged, but it is recognized as a specific expression of Italian political life, of impossible development in Argentina. Unlike what would happen in the 1930s, anti-fascism was a non-central component of the national political debate during those years.

Extractivismo, narrativas del desarrollo y el mito del «efecto derrame»: el caso de la minería del litio en Argentina; Extractivisme, récits de développement et mythe de «l’effet de retombée»: le cas de l’exploitation minière du lithium en Argentine; Extractivism, development narratives and the myth of the «trickle-down efect»: the case of lithium mining in Argentina Gómez Lende, Sebastián El litio es un metal clave actualmente para la transición energética posfósil, la electromovilidad y la economía verde. En ese contexto, su explotación aparece en la narrativa del capital y el Estado como un nuevo El Dorado capaz de promover el enriquecimiento del erario público y lograr el desarrollo nacional, regional y local. Valiéndose de estadísticas e informes oficiales, bibliografía académica, reportes corporativos e información periodística, este artículo contrasta el discurso hegemónico (el mito) con las condiciones materiales objetivas (la realidad) de la minería del litio en Argentina, cuarto productor y exportador mundial de este mineral. Para ello, utiliza cinco categorías de análisis: los discursos de las élites políticas domésticas; la dinámica exportadora del sector; la política tributaria y la recaudación impositiva; las políticas de «responsabilidad social empresarial»; y el acceso a servicios básicos de la población local implicada. Los hallazgos refutan el imaginario «efecto derrame» propalado por el discurso hegemónico, demostrando que el boom exportador de la actividad implica magros aportes al fisco, evasión impositiva y persistentes déficits infraestructurales.; Le lithium est actuellement un métal clé pour la transition énergétique post-fossile, l’électromobilité et l’économie verte. Dans ce contexte, son exploitation apparaît dans le récit du capital et de l’État comme un nouvel Eldorado capable de favoriser l’enrichissement du trésor public et de réaliser le développement national, régional et local. À l’aide de statistiques et de rapports officiels, de bibliographies universitaires, de rapports d’entreprises et d’informations journalistiques, cet article oppose le discours hégémonique (le mythe) aux conditions matérielles objectives (la réalité) de l’exploitation minière du lithium en Argentine, quatrième producteur et exportateur mondial de ce minéral. Pour ce faire, cinq catégories d’analyse sont utilisées: les discours des élites politiques nationales; la dynamique des exportations du secteur; la politique fiscale et la perception des impôts; les politiques de responsabilité sociale des entreprises; et l’accès aux services de base pour la population locale concernée. Les résultats réfutent l’imaginaire «effet de retombée» propagé par le discours hégémonique, prouvant que le boom des exportations de cette activité implique de maigres contributions au Trésor, l’évasion fiscale et des déficits infrastructurels persistants.; Lithium is currently considered as a key metal to ensure the post-fossil energetic transition, electromobility, and the «green» economy. In the state’s and capital’s narrative, its exploitation appears as a new Eldorado, capable of promoting the enrichment of the public treasury and conquering the national, regional and local development. On the basis of official statistics and reports, scholar bibliography, corporative reports and journalistic information, this paper contrast the hegemonic discourse (the myth) and the objective material conditions (the reality) of the lithium mining in Argentina (i.e. the fourth major producer and exporter of such mineral) by using five categories of analysis: the speeches of the domestic political elites; the exports dynamics of the sector; the tax policy and collection; the policies of Corporate Social Responsability; and the access of the local communities to the basic services. The findings refute the imaginary «trickle down-effect» spread by the hegemonic discourse, demonstrating that the export boom of such activity results in meager contributions to the treasury, tax evasion tactics, and persistent infrastructural deficits.

Environmentally friendly surface treatments used to avoid algal colonization on mortars Correa, María Verónica; Rastelli, Silvia Elena; Gómez de Saravia, Sandra Gabriela Biodeterioration is a major problem with construction materials. Presence of biofilm, biofouling, or biopatina, causes decomposition processes of the material both on its surface manifesting as undesirable aesthetic alterations as well as within the material. In this study, two environmentally friendly treatments were evaluated in an attempt to prevent the growth of phototrophic biofilms on mortar surfaces. Those surfaces were treated using a water-based solution with surfactants with and without thymol 1 %. The algaecide effect was evaluated, leaving a set of samples without treatment as a control of algae growth. The inoculum used in the tests was an algae community isolated from the mausoleum studied. Samples were inoculated with this community and they wereincubated under controlled photoperiod and temperature conditions for 30, 60 and 120 days. For surfaces treatments stability assay, other mortars samples were inoculated 30, 60 and 90 days after surface treatments were applied. For surfaces studies were used stereoscopic microscopy, Environmental Scanning Electron Microscopy and epifluorescence microscopy, also surface contact angle and colour and bright were measured. Both treatments inhibited algal growth in mortar surfaces. We propose that these surface treatments would be potentially useful for cleaning and preventing phototrophic formation of biofilms on historic buildings.

Fingerprinting of monovarietal olive oils from Argentina and Uruguay via stable isotope, fatty acid profile, and chemometric analyses Spangenberg, Jorge Enrique; Lantos, Irene Johanna Tracing methods of non-European EVOOs commercialized worldwide are becoming crucial for effective authenticity controls. Limited analytical studies of these oils are available on a global scale, similar to those of European EVOOs. We report for the first time the fatty acid concentrations, bulk-oil 2H/1H, 13C/12C, and 18O/16O ratios and fatty acid 13C/12C ratios of 43 authentic monovarietal EVOOs from different geographical regions in Argentina and Uruguay. The samples were obtained from a wide range of latitudes and altitudes along an E–W profile, from lowlands near the Atlantic Ocean to the pre-Andean highlands near the Pacific Ocean. Principal component scores were used to cluster EVOOs into three groups— central-western Argentina, central Argentina, and Uruguay—based on nine stable isotope ratios and the oleic-linoleic acid concentration ratio. The bulk 2H/1H and 18O/16O values and 13C/12C of palmitoleic and linoleic acids provide good tools for differentiating these oils via linear discriminant analysis.

Emergencia en la emergencia: La protección social en tiempos del Covid-19 en la Argentina; Emergency in the emergency: Social Protection in the time of Covid-19 in Argentina Krmpotic, Claudia Sandra; Lucuix, Maria Beatriz En este artículo, se recupera una modalidad como es el estudio de coyuntura a partir de datos primarios y secundarios como vía de abordaje descriptivo de experiencias recientes. Se exponen rasgos distintivos de las políticas sociales de alcance nacional como resultado de una revisión de contenidos en la información pública, y de un estudio de caso a partir del procesamiento de datos sobre dos barrios periurbanos de ciudades intermedias de la Provincia de Misiones. A modo de hipótesis de trabajo, nos preguntamos si la pandemia ha promovido un fortalecimiento del papel estatal con algún tipo de innovación frente al nuevo fenómeno epidemiológico, o si, en todo caso, las acciones respondieron a la acumulación de bienestar del que ya se disponía con una sostenida tendencia asistencial, mientras se fortalecieron las redes de cuidado intrahogar y los soportes comunitarios.; In this article, we use primary and secondary data as a descriptive approach to recent experiences in the form of a situational study. The article highlights distinctive features of national social policies by reviewing public information contents, including a case study based on data processing from two peri-urban neighbourhoods in intermediate cities in the province of Misiones. As a working hypothesis, we discuss whether the pandemic has strengthened the role of the goverment with some innovation in the face of the new epidemiological phenomenon, or whether the policies responded to the accumulation of the already available welfare with a sustained assistential tendency while, at the same time, intra-household care networks and community support were strenghtened.

Optimization of emulsification conditions with rice bran concentrates for the preliminary formulation of potential vegan dressings and their characterization Bonifacino, Carla; López, Débora Natalia; Palazolo, Gonzalo Gastón; Panizzolo, Luis Alberto; Abirached, Cecilia A fraction of rice bran (RB), generated during the brown rice polishing, is utilized to extract oil, resulting in defatted RB (DRB). The aim of this study was to optimize the emulsification conditions to enhance the value of this byproduct by formulating potential vegan dressings and characterizing them. Enzymatic hydrolysis of the starch present in DRB yields the DRB concentrate (DRBC). A central composite design was applied and the results were analyzed using response surface methodology to select optimal conditions for an oil-in-water emulsion formula. Two formulations were chosen: one corresponds to the optimal conditions, with 26.5% of oil and 73.5% of DRBC dispersion (eoptimal), andthe other one with 21.7% of oil and 78.3% of dispersion (eED8). The eoptimal formulationexhibited significantly lowermean De Brouckere diameter (D4,3) value and higher viscosity when compared with eED8. For both emulsions, the particle size distribution and D4,3 remained unchanged during storage, whereas viscosity decreased, and backscattering (BS) increased. Initially, both emulsions exhibited solid viscoelastic behavior, whichwas partially lost during quiescent storage. The increase in BS was attributed to particle disaggregation, ultimately leading to the aforementioned change in rheological behavior. In conclusion, although the designed emulsions underwent microstructural changes, they were stableagainst gravitational separation. To improve stability during quiescent storage, it is suggested to incorporate a thickening agent. Hence, it is propose to procced with the development of a vegan dressing based on the eoptimal emulsion, as it exhibits superior physicochemical properties.

An alternative definition of tense operators on residuated lattices Calomino, Ismael Maria; Pelaitay, Gustavo Andrés; Zuluaga Botero, William Javier In this paper, we introduce and study an alternative definition of tense operators on residuated lattices. We give a categorical equivalence for the class of tense ICRDL-algebras, which is motivated by an old construction by J. Kalman. The paper concludes with some applications regarding descriptions of congruences and a 2-contextual translation.

Drainage network dynamics in an agricultural headwater sub-basin Ares, María Guadalupe; Zabala, Maria Emilia; Dietrich, Sebastián; Vercelli, Natalia; Entraigas, Ilda; Gregorini, Camila Ailén; Marcovecchio, Romina; Aispún, Yésica Natalia Headwaters provide many ecosystems services. Currently, these vulnerable systems are subject to threats related to human activities. This work aims to analyse the spatial pattern changes (expansion/contraction) in the drainage network (DN) of a headwater sub-basin under agriculture between 1966 and 2019 in the Argentine Pampas Region. We study and discuss the hydrometeorological and land use context to understand the spatial and temporal dynamics of the DN, and propose a conceptual model that synthesizes the complex interactions between the factors involved in that dynamics. A broad (1950–2019, at the Del Azul Creek basin) and a short (1996–2019, at the sub-basin of the Videla Creek -SVC-) temporal and spatial scale analysis of data were carried out. We studied rainfall, evapotranspiration, water table depth, streamflow and land use. Temporal and spatial changes in the DN of the SVC were analysed by aerial photos and historical satellite images. Four wet and three dry periods were identified, and close surface-subsurface water interactions typical of plains, were found. The area under agriculture showed a first gradual increase (1975–2012), which turned sharp from 2012 (30,908 ha year -1), with a leading role of soybeans' sown area. The area of the DN increased 1.4699*105 m2 between 1966 and 2010, both under dry conditions, which evidenced its expansion. The study of the flatlands' particular hydrology within the current land use and management trends provided key elements to understand DN area's changes. Complex interactions between processes associated with climatic forcing and the system's sensitivity (its state to receive and process the inputs), are involved in the spatial and temporal dynamics of the DN. Our work improves the understanding of the functioning of these vulnerable systems within agricultural areas, nowadays under productive pressures associated with increasing global food demand, and threats to changes in the hydrological dynamics by global change.

Income, stress, and sex ratios over 1895-2010 González, Fernando Antonio Ignacio The medical literature has shown that populations under high stress have a lower sex ratio at birth (i.e. number of males for every 100 females). In this paper, I examine the relationship between income, as a source of economic stress, and the sex ratio at a subnational level for the 1895–2010 period. For this, I use census microdata from Argentina -a developing country that experienced rapid growth at the end of the 19th century and stagnated in recent decades- and I estimate from a two-way fixed effects model that exploits the wide temporal and geographic variability in income. The results show that as per capita income increases, the sex ratio at birth also increases. In particular, for every US$ 1,000 increase in per capita income, the sex ratio increases between 0.3 and 0.6 points. These findings make it possible to quantify the lost boys (i.e. those boys who were not born due to high economic stress on their parents) and constitute a call for attention in favor of the implementation of prenatal care policies -especially in periods of stagnation or income decline- to maintain a more balanced sex ratio.

Accessible sampling methodologies to quantify the net methane emission from landfill cells Stadler, Carla Sofía; Fusé, Victoria Susana; Linares, Santiago; Guzmán, Sergio Alberto; Juliarena, María Paula Landfills are one of the main sources of anthropogenic methane (CH4) emissions in urban areas. The environmental conditions specific to each locality, the waste management and the infrastructure of each landfill will influence the emissions of this gas. By applying different methodologies, this study aims to investigate the total contribution of CH4 to the atmosphere from a landfill, as well as the surface fluxes within the cells and the passive gas vents. According to the results, mean atmospheric CH4 concentrations from landfills were measured up to 6 ppm higher than those recorded in urban areas and locations distant from CH4 fixed sources. Two closed cells were selected to study surface fluxes by static chamber technique. CH4 uptake (1.65E-08 to 2.04E-06 g m− 2 d− 1 ) was recorded in between 60% and 87.5% of the chambers, indicating that the surface acted as a sink for the gas, as compared to the mean uptake observed from a control site (1.72E-06 g m-2 d− 1 ). CH4 emissions from gas vents were studied using a tracer technique with permeable capsules, a methodology used for the first time in a landfill. Relatively high emissions were detected, up to 1.20E+04 g d− 1 . Finally, from the net CH4 emission calculated, the energy produced if the emitted CH4 were captured was estimated to be 3.23 GJ. The results highlight the importance of these studies for decision-makers to plan future landfill infrastructure adequately, implement mitigation measures to reduce emissions of this potent greenhouse gas and contribute to the energy system resources.

Intercropping functionally similar species reduces yield losses due to herbivory: A meta-analytical approach Fernandez, Anahi Rocio; Gleiser, Gabriela Laura; Aizen, Marcelo Adrian; Garibaldi, Lucas Alejandro Agroecosystem diversification is often implemented to diminish herbivory and reduce yield losses. However, increasing plant richness does not always reduce herbivory levels, so there is a need for better understanding which polyculture characteristics are effective in deterring herbivores. Here, we evaluated the hypothesis that functional and phylogenetic distances between intercropped species reduce herbivory pressure and enhance natural enemy response. Diminishing herbivory would be brought about by the complementarity and synergy of traits that deter herbivores and benefit herbivore natural enemies, and as a result of a decrease in the availability of host plants for specialized herbivores. Using a meta-analytical approach, we observed lower herbivore abundance and herbivory damage in focal plants when they grew in polycultures. In addition, polycultures showed increased levels of herbivore parasitism and greater abundance of predators and parasitoids, although the effect of the latter two was negligible. Interestingly, the functional distance between crops affected herbivore abundance and herbivory damage in opposite ways, but had no effect on herbivore natural enemy response. Contrary to our expectations, neither herbivory pressure nor natural enemy response appeared to be influenced by phylogenetic distance between intercropped species. Overall, our study provides valuable insights for agroecosystem design aimed at reducing yield loss by strategically intercropping functionally similar species.

“Towards the East, Towards Jerusalem”: Orientations in Jewish Religious Practices in the southern Argentinian Chaco Mudrik, Armando In this paper, archaeo- and ethnoastronomical methods are used to investigate the orientation of synagogues, graves and prayer among Ashkenazi Jewish communities in the central-northern part of the Argentinian Province of Santa Fe, in the southern Gran Chaco region of South America. These communities have their origin in Jewish agricultural colonies, which were established by immigrants from central and eastern Europe who arrived during the late nineteenth and early twentieth centuries. The study shows the complexity of the logics involved in the construction of the meaning of spatial orientations in local Jewish religious practices, and also the necessity of ethnographic surveys as a complement to quantitative studies of orientations.