Modeling of substitutionally modified graphene structures to prevent the shuttle mechanism in lithium-sulfur batteries Velez, Patricio; Para, Maria Laura; Luque, Guillermina Leticia; Barraco Diaz, Daniel Eugenio; Leiva, Ezequiel Pedro M. The interaction of polysulfides with graphene layers substitutionally modified with heteroatoms is analyzed using first-principles calculations, with the aim of using these structures to prevent polysulfide migration in lithium-sulfur batteries. The heteroatoms considered were B, N, O, F, Al, Si, P, S and Cl. An estimation of the residence time of the polysulfide on the doped surface was made based on transition state theory, with the finding that the most useful candidates may be graphene structures doped with Al or Si atoms.

León Rozitchner y el problema de la coherencia político-intelectual Exposto, Emiliano El objetivo de este trabajo es analizar los posibles aportes de León Rozitchnerpara repensar, en la actualidad, los problemas de la subjetividad y los modelos de coherencia político-intelectual en la cultura argentina de izquierdas. Para ello realizaremos fundamentalmente dos tareas. Primero, reconstruiremos lasprincipales líneas conceptuales de la filosofía rozitchneriana prestando atención al modo en que estas colisionan con ciertas coyunturas históricas, al tiempo que viabilizan categorizaciones de largo alcance. Y luego, abordaremos el vínculo tenso que Rozitchner establece entre filosofía, subjetividad y experiencia política. Nuestra hipótesis es que las reflexiones de Rozitchner pueden brindar una forma novedosa mediante la cual revisar los puntos ciegos de la producción práctica y teórica en el marco contemporáneo de la cultura argentina de izquierdas.; The aim of this work is to analyze the possible contributions of León Rozitchner to rethinking the problems of subjectivity and the models of political-intellectual coherence in the left-wing Argentinean culture. To do this, we will basically perform two tasks. First, we will reconstruct the main conceptual lines of the Rozitchnerian philosophy, paying attention to the way they collide with certain historical junctures while enabling viable categorizations of long reach. And then, we will address the tense link that Rozitchner establishes between philosophy, subjectivity and political experience. Our hypothesis is that Rozitchner’s reflections can provide a novel way to revise the blind spots of practical and theoretical production within the contemporary framework of left-wing Argentinean culture.

Proof Normalisation in a Logic Identifying Isomorphic Propositions Díaz Caro, Alejandro; Dowek, Gilles We define a fragment of propositional logic where isomorphic propositions, such as A ∧ B and B ∧ A, or A ⇒ (B ∧ C) and (A ⇒ B) ∧ (A ⇒ C) are identified. We define System I, a proof language for this logic, and prove its normalisation and consistency.

Efficacy and safety of direct-acting antiviral agents for HCV in mild-to-moderate chronic kidney disease; Eficacia y seguridad de los antivíricos de acción directa para el VHC en la nefropatía crónica de leve a moderada Ridruejo, Ezequiel; Garcia Agudo, Rebeca; Mendizabal, Manuel; Aoufi Rabih, Sami; Dixit, Vivek; Silva, Marcelo; Fabrizi, Fabrizio BACKGROUND AND AIMS:The advent of direct-acting antiviral agents promises to change the management of hepatitis C virus infection (HCV) in patients with chronic kidney disease (CKD), a patient group in which the treatment of hepatitis C was historically challenging. We investigated the safety and efficacy of all-oral, interferon-free direct-acting antiviral agents for the treatment of hepatitis C in a 'real-world' cohort of patients with CKD.METHODS:We performed an observational single-arm multi-centre study in a large (n=198) cohort of patients with stage 1-3 CKD who underwent antiviral therapy with DAAs for the treatment of HCV. The primary end-point was sustained virologic response (serum HCV RNA <15IU/mL, 12 weeks after treatment ended) (SVR12). We collected data on on-treatment adverse events (AEs), severe AEs, and laboratory abnormalities.RESULTS:The average baseline eGFR (CKD-EPI equation) was 70.06±20.1mL/min/1.72m2; the most common genotype was HCV 1b (n=93, 51%). Advanced liver scarring was found in 58 (46%) patients by transient elastography. Five regimens were adopted: elbasvir/grazoprevir (n=5), glecaprevir/pibrentasvir (n=4), ritonavir-boosted paritaprevir/ombitasvir/dasabuvir (PrOD) regimen (n=40), simeprevir±daclatasvir (n=2), and sofosbuvir-based combinations (n=147). The SVR12 rate was 95.4% (95% CI, 93.8%; 96.8%). There were nine virological failures - eight being relapsers. Adverse events occurred in 30% (51/168) of patients, and were managed clinically without discontinuation of therapy or hospitalization. One of the most common AEs was anaemia (n=12), which required discontinuation or dose reduction of ribavirin in some cases (n=6); deterioration of kidney function occurred in three (1.7%).CONCLUSIONS:All-oral, interferon-free therapy with DAAs for chronic HCV in mild-to-moderate CKD was effective and well-tolerated in a 'real-world' clinical setting. Studies are in progress to address whether sustained viral response translates into better survival in this population.; Antecedentes y objetivos: La aparición de los antivíricos de acción directa (AAD) promete cam biar el tratamiento de la infección por el virus de la hepatitis C (VHC) en los pacientes con nefropatía crónica (NC), un grupo de pacientes en el que el tratamiento de la hepatitis C siempre supuso una dificultad. Se investiga la seguridad y la eficacia de los antivíricos de acción directa, sin interferones orales, en todos los casos para el tratamiento de la hepatitis C en una cohorte en condiciones reales de pacientes con NC. Métodos: Se llevó a cabo un estudio multicéntrico, de un solo grupo y observacional en una cohorte amplia (n = 198) de pacientes con NC en estadio 1-3 a los que se admin istró tratamiento antivírico con AAD para el VHC. El criterio principal de valoración fue la respuesta virológica sostenida (ARN sérico del VHC < 15 UI/ml, 12 semanas después de la finalización del tratamiento) (RVS12). Se recogieron los datos sobre acontecimientos adver sos (AA) surgidos durante el tratamiento, AA graves y anomalías analíticas. Resultados: La FGe inicial media (ecuación de CKD-EPI) fue de 70,06 ± 20,1 ml/min/1,72 m2; el genotipo más frecuente fue VHC 1b (n = 93; 51%). Se observó cicatrización hep ática avanzada en 58 (46%) pacientes mediante elastografía transitoria. Se adoptaron 5 pautas: elbasvir/grazoprevir (n = 5), glecaprevir/pibrentasvir (n = 4), pauta de paritapre vir/ombitasvir/dasabuvir (PrOD) potenciada con ritonavir (n = 40), simeprevir ± daclatasvir (n = 2) y combinaciones basadas en sofosbuvir (n = 147). La tasa de RVS12 fue del 95,4% (IC del 95%: 93,8; 96,8%). Hubo 9 fracasos virológicos, 8 de ellos recidivantes. Se produjeron acon tecimientos adversos en el 30% (51/168) de los pacientes, que se trataron clínicamente sin suspensión del tratamiento ni hospitalización. Uno de los AA más frecuentes fue la anemia (n = 12), que precisó la suspensión o la reducción de la dosis de ribavirina en algunos casos (n = 6); se produjo deterioro de la función renal en 3 casos (1,7%). Conclusiones: El tratamiento sin interferón oral en todos los casos con AAD para el VHC crónico en la NC de leve a moderada fue eficaz y bien tolerado en un contexto de la práctica clínica real. Hay estudios en curso para abordar si la respuesta viral sostenida se traduce en una mejor supervivencia en esta población.

Solid phase microextraction coupled to mass spectrometry: Via a microfluidic open interface for rapid therapeutic drug monitoring Looby, Nikita T.; Tascon, Marcos; Acquaro, Vinicius R.; Reyes Garcés, Nathaly; Vasiljevic, Tijana; Gomez Rios, German Augusto; Wasowicz, Marcin; Pawliszyn, Janusz Tranexamic acid (TXA) is an antifibrinolytic used during cardiac surgery that presents high inter-patient variability. High plasma concentrations have been associated with post-operative seizures. Due to the difficulties with maintaining acceptable concentrations of TXA during surgery, implementation of a point-of-care strategy for testing TXA plasma concentration would allow for close monitoring of its concentration during administration. This would facilitate timely corrections to the dosing schedule, and in effect tailor treatment for individual patient needs. In this work, a method for the rapid monitoring of TXA from plasma samples was subsequently carried out via biocompatible solid-phase microextraction (Bio-SPME) coupled directly to tandem mass spectrometry via a microfluidic open interface (MOI). MOI operates under the concept of a flow-isolated desorption volume and was designed with aims to directly hyphenate Bio-SPME to different detection and ionization systems. In addition, it allows the desorption of Bio-SPME fibers in small volumes while it concurrently continues feeding the ESI with a constant flow to minimize cross-talking and instabilities. The methodology was used to monitor six patients with varying degrees of renal dysfunction, at different time points during cardiac surgery. MOI proves to be a reliable and feasible tool for rapid therapeutic drug monitoring. Affording total times of analysis as low as 30 seconds per sample in its high throughput mode configuration while the single sample turn-around time was 15 minutes, including sample preparation. In addition, cross-validation against a standard thin film solid phase microextraction using liquid chromatography coupled to tandem mass spectrometry (TFME-LC-MS/MS) method was performed. Bland-Altman analysis was used to cross-validate the results obtained by the two methods. Data analysis demonstrated that 92% of the compared data pairs (n = 63) were distributed within the acceptable range. The data was also validated by the Passing Bablok regression, demonstrating good statistical agreement between these two methods. Finally, the currently presented method offers comparable results to the conventional liquid chromatography with acceptable RSDs, while only necessitating a fraction of the time. In this way, TXA concentration in plasma can be monitored in a close to real time throughput during surgery.

Reflectance transformation imaging: First applications in cultural heritage in Argentina Morita, María Mercedes; Novoa, Florencia Daniela; Bilmes, Gabriel Mario In this article we present two cases of Reflectance Transformation Imaging (RTI) applications. This computational photographic method, based on the acquisition and processing of images, helps to reveal details of the surface of an object that are not visible by direct observation or by standard photography. In the first case, RTI was applied to faunal bone remains that were found during archaeological rescue tasks in Laguna de los Pampas, Province of Buenos Aires. The RTI analysis of these remains with traces of manufacturing and/or use has increased the knowledge of bone technology for this area. In the other case, RTI was applied to a funerary column of the Recoleta Cemetery, located in the city of Buenos Aires, in order to recover the low relief recorded on it. In this way it was possible to rescue the historical and heritage value of the vault.

Are all patches worth exploring? Foraging desert birds do not rely on environmental indicators of seed abundance at small scales Milesi, Fernando Adrian; Lopez de Casenave, Javier Nestor; Cueto, Víctor Background: Consumers should show strong spatial preferences when foraging in environments where food availability is highly heterogeneous and predictable. Postdispersal granivores face this scenario in most arid areas, where soil seed bank abundance and composition associates persistently with vegetation structure at small scales (decimetres to metres). Those environmental features should be exploited as useful pre-harvest information, at least to avoid patches predicted to be poor. However, we did not find the expected spatial association in the algarrobal of the central Monte desert by observing foraging seed-eating birds, a field technique influenced by how much they exploit visited patches. In this work we tested if the first stage of foraging by granivorous birds (patch visit, encounter or exploration) is positively associated with environmental indicators of patch quality by recording the removal of single seeds from 300 scattered experimental devices during seasonal trials. Spatial selectivity was analysed by comparing the structural characteristics of used vs. available microhabitats, and evaluated against bottom-up and top-down hypotheses based on our previous knowledge on local seed bank abundance, composition and dynamics. Their foraging activity was also explored for spatial autocorrelation and environmental correlates at bigger scales. Results: Postdispersal granivorous birds were less selective in their use of foraging space than expected if microhabitat appearance were providing them relevant information to guide their search for profitable foraging patches. No microhabitat type, as defined by their vegetation structure and soil cover, remained safe from bird exploration. Analyses at bigger temporal and spatial scales proved more important to describe heterogeneity in seed removal. Conclusions: Closeness to tall trees, probably related to bird territoriality and reproduction or to their perception of predation risk, seemed to determine a first level of habitat selection, constraining explorable space. Then, microhabitat openness (rather than seed abundance) exerted some positive influence on which patches were more frequently visited among those accessible. Selective patterns by birds at small scales were closer to our predictions of a top-down spatial effect, with seed consumption creating or strengthening (and not responding to) the spatial pattern and dynamics of the seed bank.

Efficient on-board Stereo SLAM through constrained-covisibility strategies Castro, Gastón Ignacio; Nitsche, Matias Alejandro; Pire, Taihú Aguará Nahuel; Fischer, Thomas; de Cristóforis, Pablo Visual SLAM is a computationally expensive task, with a complexity that grows unbounded as the size of the explored area increases. This becomes an issue when targeting embedded applications such as on-board localization on Micro Aerial Vehicles (MAVs), where real-time execution is mandatory and computational resources are a limiting factor. The herein proposed method introduces a covisibility-graph based map representation which allows a visual SLAM system to execute with a complexity that does not depend on the size of the map. The proposed structure allows to efficiently select locally relevant portions of the map to be optimized in such a way that the results resemble performing a full optimization on the whole trajectory. We build on S-PTAM (Stereo Parallel Tracking and Mapping), yielding an accurate and robust stereo SLAM system capable to work in real-time under limited hardware constraints such as those present in MAVs. The developed SLAM system in assessed using the EuRoC dataset. Results show that covisibility-graph based map culling allows the SLAM system to run in real-time even on a low-resource embedded computer. The impact of each SLAM task on the overall system performance is analyzed in detail and the SLAM system is compared with state-of-the-art methods to validate the presented approach.

A dynamical system as the source of augmentation in a deep learning problem Tubaro, Pablo Luis; Mindlin, Bernardo Gabriel In this work we build a convolutional neural network capable of identifying individual birds by their songs. Since the actual data available from each individual is very limited, we use a dynamical system capable of synthesizing realistic songs, to generate surrogate-training data. The different synthetic songs are the result of integrating the dynamical system with slightly varied parameters. We show that a data set built in this way allows us to train the network to successfully identify the different individuals in our study. In this way, we present a novel way to perform data augmentation using dynamical systems.

Gland composition in sexually dimorphic skin structures of two species of Hylid frogs: Plectrohyla guatemalensis and Ptychohyla hypomykter Luna, María Celeste; Vásquez Almazán, Carlos Roberto; Faivovich, Julián; Brunetti, Andrés Eduardo Secondary sexual characters form a diverse group of traits widely spread in amphibians. Within anurans, the Hylini tribe represents an interesting group to examine the evolution of this type of characters because it has different skin structure modifications, including ventrolateral glands, nuptial pads, and unique swollen upper lips. We analysed the skin gland composition in the upper lip of Plectrohyla guatemalensis and the ventrolateral gland of Ptychohyla hypomykter (Hylidae: Hylinae: Hylini). Each of these species is characterized by a different type of sexually dimorphic skin gland; specialized mucous glands (SMGs) in Pl. guatemalensis and specialized serous glands (SSGs) in Pt. hypomykter. The SMGs conform to the general type of sexually dimorphic skin glands in amphibians, whereas SSGs are very rare. Because SMGs are likely involved in the production of sexual pheromones, their distinctive location and their co-occurrence with other secondary sexual characters like long and pointed maxillary and premaxillary teeth in Pl. guatemalensis suggests that the system used for their delivery may be a distinguishing behavioral feature in this species. The presence of both types of glands in Pt. hypomykter (SMGs in nuptial pads, and SSGs in ventrolateral glands) suggests a different or, at least, a complementary role of these two types of glands during reproduction.

Nuevos registros para el género Gracilinanus Gardner & Creighton 1989 (Didelphimorphia, Didelphidae) en Argentina, con comentarios sobre su situación taxonómica Olmos, Matias Natanael; D'hiriart, Sofia; Teta, Pablo Vicente Se documentan tres nuevos registros para el género Gracilinanus Gardner & Creighton 1989 en la provincia de Misiones, Argentina. Una reevaluación de las evidencias morfológicas disponibles sugiere que todos los materiales revisados corresponden a un mismo morfotipo, que puede ser referido como G. microtarsus (Burmeister, 1854).; We here document three new records for the genus Gracilinanus Gardner & Creighton 1989 in the province of Misiones, Argentina. A re-evaluation of the available morphological evidence suggests that the entire reviewed samples correspond to the same morphotype, which can be referred to G. microtarsus (Wagner, 1842).

Inverse Lidov-Kozai resonance for an outer test particle due to an eccentric perturber de Elia, Gonzalo Carlos; Zanardi, Macarena; Dugaro, Agustin; Naoz, Smadar We analyze the behavior of the argument of pericenter ω2 of an outer particle in the elliptical restricted three-body problem, focusing on the ω2 resonance or inverse Lidov-Kozai resonance. First, we calculate the contribution of the terms of quadrupole, octupole, and hexadecapolar order of the secular approximation of the potential to the outer particle´s ω2 precession rate (dω2 /dτ). Then, we derive analytical criteria that determine the vanishing of the ω2 quadrupole precession rate (dω2/dτ)quad for different values of the inner perturber´s eccentricity e1. Finally, we use such analytical considerations and describe the behavior of ω2 of outer particles extracted from N-body simulations developed in a previous work. Our analytical study indicates that the values of the inclination i2 and the ascending node longitude Ω2 associated with the outer particle that vanish (dω2 /dτ)quad strongly depend on the eccentricity e1 of the inner perturber. In fact, if e1 < 0.25 (>0.40825), (dω2/dτ)quad is only vanished for particles whose Ω2 circulates (librates). For e1 between 0.25 and 0.40825, (dω2 /dτ)quad can be vanished for any particle for a suitable selection of pairs (Ω2 , i2). Our analysis of the N-body simulations shows that the inverse Lidov-Kozai resonance is possible for small, moderate and high values of e1. Moreover, such a resonance produces distinctive features in the evolution of a particle in the (Ω2 , i2 ) plane. In fact, if ω2 librates and Ω2 circulates, the extremes of i2 at Ω2 = 90◦ and270◦ do not reach the same value, while if ω2 and Ω2 librate, the evolutionary trajectory of the particle in the (Ω2, i2) plane evidences an asymmetry respect to i2 = 90◦ . The evolution of ω2 associated with the outer particles of the N-body simulations can be very well explained by the analytical criteria derived in our investigation.

Residential energy transition and thermal efficiency in an arid environment of northeast Patagonia, Argentina Cardoso, María Betina; Gonzalez, Alejandro Daniel We have studied changes in energy use and practices due to a program which partially replaced firewood by fossil fuels. The program has been running for nearly five years in rural dwellings in Patagonia Argentina, where limited provision of fuelwood and social vulnerability are found. As a case study we focused on the community of Laguna Blanca, Province of Río Negro, located in the Patagonian steppe. Dwellings are one-family houses which were built with no energy efficiency measures, exposing reinforced concrete structures, fired-clay bricks, metal roofs and single-glass windows to severe weather. Since 2014, a government program fully subsidized the refilling of Liquid Petroleum Gas (LPG) to vulnerable rural communities, which were provided with a 200-kg gas tank and a gas heater in each household. An expected decrease in the use of fuelwood was observed, along with a very high consumption of LPG (around 650 kWh/m2 year), which can be for the first time assessed due to the known amount of LPG provided. The lack of energy efficiency policies led to very high operational costs and environmental impacts. Based on the dwellings' characteristics, we have also found that the LPG subsidies saved in 2.2 years would return the investment for a thermal insulation that would reduce 50% the gas consumption and substantially improve comfort.

Improved biomechanical metrics of cerebral vasospasm identified via sensitivity analysis of a 1D cerebral circulation model Melis, A.; Moura, F.; Larrabide, Ignacio; Janot, K.; Clayton, R. H.; Narata, A.P.; Marzo, A. Cerebral vasospasm (CVS) is a life-threatening condition that occurs in a large proportion of those affected by subarachnoid haemorrhage and stroke. CVS manifests itself as the progressive narrowing of intracranial arteries. It is usually diagnosed using Doppler ultrasound, which quantifies blood velocity changes in the affected vessels, but has low sensitivity when CVS affects the peripheral vasculature. The aim of this study was to identify alternative biomarkers that could be used to diagnose CVS. We used a 1D modelling approach to describe the properties of pulse waves that propagate through the cardiovascular system, which allowed the effects of different types of vasospasm on waveforms to be characterised at several locations within a simulated cerebral network. A sensitivity analysis empowered by the use of a Gaussian process statistical emulator was used to identify waveform features that may have strong correlations with vasospasm. We showed that the minimum rate of velocity change can be much more effective than blood velocity for stratifying typical manifestations of vasospasm and its progression. The results and methodology of this study have the potential not only to improve the diagnosis and monitoring of vasospasm, but also to be used in the diagnosis of many other cardiovascular diseases where cardiovascular waves can be decoded to provide disease characterisation.

Faceted patterns and anomalous surface roughening driven by long-range temporally correlated noise Alés, Alejandro; López, Juan M. We investigate Kardar-Parisi-Zhang (KPZ) surface growth in the presence of power-law temporally correlated noise. By means of extensive numerical simulations of models in the KPZ universality class we find that, as the noise correlator index increases above some threshold value, the surface exhibits anomalous kinetic roughening of the type described by the generic scaling theory of Ramasco et al. [Phys. Rev. Lett. 84, 2199 (2000)]. Remarkably, as the driving noise temporal correlations increase, the surface develops a characteristic pattern of macroscopic facets that completely dominates the dynamics in the long time limit. We argue that standard scaling fails to capture the behavior of KPZ subject to long-range temporally correlated noise. These phenomena are not not described by the existing theoretical approaches, including renormalization group and self-consistent approaches.

Efficiency of food utilization by Dichroplus maculipennis (Orthoptera: Acrididae: Melanoplinae) on four crop plants under controlled conditions Mariottini, Yanina; Lange, Carlos Ernesto; Cepeda, R.; de Wysiecki, Maria Laura The aim of this study was to analyze the food utilization efficiencies and the relative growth and consumption rates of different developmental stages and sexes of D. maculipennis under controlled conditions on wheat, oat, corn, and soybean plants, important crops in the Pampas region of Argentina. As expected from a polyphagous species, D. maculipennis was observed to consume all four of the plant species offered. Nevertheless, the consumption of both nymphs and adults was differentiated. Oat and wheat were more consumed than corn and soybean. Females presented higher consumption rates (384.6 ± 30.64 mg/individual/day) than males (278.71 ± 24.26 mg/individual/day). Adult females had the highest growth rate, followed by nymphs of the same sex, and then adult males. The highest values of ECI and ECD were obtained in soybean; females had higher values of food efficiencies than males, and nymphs had greater values than adults. In relation to this, soybean was the highest quality food; the amount of nitrogen present in soybean was approximately twice that found in the other species. The nutritional needs of D. maculipennis might have been satisfied by feeding on low quantities of soybean, which is, among the food offered, the most “nutritionally balanced food”.

Textural, pasting, and rheological behavior of starch‐pectin‐sucrose gels: Relation with sensory perception Lotufo Haddad, Agustina Marcela; Ribotta, Pablo Daniel; Armada de Romano, Margarita; Goldner, Maria Cristina The aims of this research were: (1) to analyze textural, pasting and rheological characteristics of gels made with Andean potato starch (APS) compared with commercial potato starch (CPS); (2) to assess the sensory texture features; and (3) to relate instrumental behavior to human perception. Ten starch-pectin-sucrose systems were elaborated: five with CPS and five with APS (at 2.5-3.5-4.5-5.5-6.5% starch concentrations), and characterized by textural profile analysis (TPA), back extrusion test (BET), rapid-visco analyzer (RVA), oscillatory tests and sensory analysis. The systems had a weak gel behavior. The samples having the lowest concentrations of both starches were associated with springiness, while those with the highest concentrations were associated with sensory firmness, gumminess, chewiness, consistency, PV and G´. From 5.5%, effect of starch type was more important on gels behavior. Spreadability was the variable mostly affected by starch type and concentration.

Vanillin as a natural cross-linking agent in chitosan-based films: Optimizing formulation by response surface methodology Tomadoni, Bárbara María; Ponce, Alejandra Graciela; Pereda, Mariana; Ansorena, Maria Roberta One way of improving mechanical and water barrier properties of chitosan films is through cross-linking reactions. Cross-linking agents usually used for this purpose include glutaraldehyde, glyoxal, and formaldehyde, which may cause some undesirable side effects and are consider health hazards. Hence, the objective of this work was to optimize the formulation of chitosan (CH) films with vanillin as a natural antioxidant cross-linking agent, to simultaneously improve their physical, barrier, antioxidant and mechanical properties. Three parameters were studied at three levels: vanillin content (0, 25 and 50% w/w chitosan), glycerol content (30, 45 and 60% w/w chitosan) and drying temperature (35, 50 and 65 °C). Response surface methodology (RSM) and desirability function (D) were used to find the levels of each factor that simultaneously optimize different properties of the films: opacity value, total soluble matter (TSM), Young modulus (YM), T0 and Tmax parameters (obtained from thermogravimetric analysis), water vapor permeability (WVP), total phenolic content (TPC) and antioxidant capacity by DPPH method. Fifteen formulations combining the studied factors were prepared according to a Box-Behnken design. An optimal chitosan film formulation was found, with vanillin content of 37.5% (w/w of CH), glycerol content of 45% (w/w of CH) and drying temperature of 57.5 °C. RSM approach using the desirability function was found to be an effective tool to investigate changes in films properties and to search for the optimal active chitosan film formulation with a natural cross-linking agent, such as vanillin.

Innovación tecnológica en la cadena de producción de ropa en Argentina: Cuando las apariencias engañan; Inovação tecnológica na cadeia de produção de roupas na Argentina: Quando as aparências enganam; Technological innovation in the clothing production chain in Argentina: When appearances deceive Ludmer, Gustavo El presente estudio analiza la situación reciente de la innovación tecnológica en la cadena de producción de ropa en Argentina. La metodología utilizada combina métodos cuantitativos (análisis de las estadísticas disponibles) con cualitativos (entrevistas a informantes claves de la cadena), al tiempo que se realiza una exhaustiva revisión de la bibliografía existente en la materia. La investigación permite concluir que la industria de confección de indumentaria muestra escasos esfuerzos en innovación tecnológica, tanto en Argentina como en el mundo. Sin embargo, si se incluye en el análisis a todos los eslabones de la cadena de producción, en especial a las marcas, es posible observar otra realidad. Nuestro país posee destacadas capacidades de innovación en la cadena de producción de ropa, basadas principalmente en el diseño de nuevos productos por parte de trabajadores de alta calificación (diseñadores profesionales), reconocidos a nivel internacional. En contraste con este segmento, el trabajo verificó la presencia de una trampa de baja productividad en los talleres de confección que permanecen en la informalidad.; O presente estudo analisa a recente situação de inovação tecnológica na cadeia de produção de vestuário na Argentina. A metodologia utilizada combina métodos quantitativos (análise de estatísticas disponíveis) e qualitativas (entrevistas com informantes-chave da cadeia), enquanto uma revisão exaustiva da bibliografia existente sobre o assunto é realizada. A investigação permite concluir que a indústria de fabricação de vestuário mostra pouco esforço em inovação tecnológica, tanto na Argentina como no mundo. No entanto, se todos os links na cadeia de produção estão incluídos na análise, especialmente marcas, é possível observar outra realidade. Nosso país tem excelentes capacidades de inovação na cadeia de produção de roupas, com base principalmente no design de novos produtos por profissionais altamente qualificados (designers), reconhecidos internacionalmente. Em contraste com este segmento, o trabalho verificou a presença de uma armadilha de baixa produtividade nas fábricas de vestuário que permanecem informais.; The present study analyzes the recent situation of technological innovation in the clothing production chain in Argentina. The methodology used combines quantitative methods (analysis of available statistics) with qualitative ones (interviews with key informants of the chain), while an exhaustive review of the existing bibliography on the subject is carried out. The investigation allows to conclude that the apparel industry shows little efforts in technological innovation, both in Argentina and in the world. However, if all the links in the production chain are included in the analysis, especially brands, it is possible to observe another reality. Our country has outstanding innovation capabilities in the clothing production chain, based mainly on the design of new products by highly qualified workers (professional designers), internationally recognized. In contrast to this segment, this study verified the presence of a trap of low productivity in the clothing factories that remain informal.

Relevamiento territorial de los pueblos indígenas Cardin, Lorena El gobierno nacional sostiene que para garantizar el derecho al territorio de los Pueblos indí-genas lleva adelante el Programa Relevamiento Territorial de Comunidades Indígenas (Progra-ma ReTeCI), creado por la ley nacional nro. 26.160, Ley de Emergencia en Materia de Posesión y Propiedad de las Tierras que tradicionalmente ocupan las Comunidades Indígenas origina-rias del país.2 Afirma, asimismo, que se trata de una herramienta fundamental para revertir la historia de invisibilización, despojo y discriminación que vienen padeciendo los Pueblos indígenas.3 En este trabajo presentaré, sin embargo, un caso en el cual el Relevamiento Terri-torial de las Comunidades Indígenas (RETECI) inculcó dicho derecho. Reflexionaré sobre los riesgos que conlleva la ley para el reconocimiento del derecho al territorio indígena cuando la conformación de las relaciones de fuerza de los actores involucrados resulta significativamen-te adversa a las comunidades indígenas.; The federal government sustains that in order to guarantee the territory right of indigenous Peoples it carries out the Territorial Survey Program of Indigenous Communities (ReTeCI Program), created by the national law no. 26,160 Ley de Emergencia en Materia de Posesión y Propiedad de las Tierras que tradicionalmente ocupan las Comunidades Indígenas originarias del país. It also states that it is a fundamental tool to reverse the history of invisibility, dispossession and discrimination that indigenous Peoples have been suffering. In this paper I will present, however,a case in which the territorial survey instilled that right. I will reflect on the risks that the law entails for the recognition of the right to indigenous territory when the conformation of the force relations of the actors involved is significantly adverse to the indigenous communities. Key Words: Territorial survey, rights, territory, indigenous Peoples