Fabricación de alúmina anódica porosa de bajo costo: Un estudio comparativo de la morfología producida por uno y dos pasos de anodizado; Low cost fabrication of porous anodic alumina: A comparative study of the morphology produced by one- and two-steps of anodization Londoño Calderón, César Leandro; Menchaca Nal, Sandra; Pardo Saavedra, Diana Carolina; Silveyra, Josefina María; Socolovsky, Leandro Martín; Pampillo, Laura Gabriela; Martinez Garcia, Ricardo Se describe un método simple y barato para la fabricación de moldes de alúmina nanoporosa, con potenciales aplicaciones para la fabricación de nanohilos. Se utiliza como materia prima un aluminio de grado comercial. Los moldes nanoporosos fabricados tienen un diámetro promedio de poros de (20 ± 4) nm. El proceso de fabricación consta de dos etapas de anodizado. Se detallan ambas etapas de anodizado y se caracteriza el material que se obtiene como resultado de cada una de ellas. Los moldes nanoporosos obtenidos con dos pasos de anodizado tienen la distribución más estrecha de tamaño de poros, mejor circularidad y orden espacial. En dichos moldes se crecen nanohilos a base de ferrita de cobalto (CoFe2O4). Para hacerlo, se usa un método simple y un equipamiento sencillo. Mediante microscopía electrónica se hace una caracterización morfológica de las plantillas y de los nanohilos obtenidos.; A simple and low cost method for the fabrication of Nanoporous alumina templates with potential applications for nanowires fabrication is described. As raw material, commercial aluminum has been used. The nanoporous templates obtained have a mean pore diameter of (20 ± 4) nm. The fabrication process consists mainly of two-step anodization. Both steps are described in detail, the obtained material for each anodization step is characterized. The Nanoporous template obtained after two-step anodization present a narrow distribution of the porous size, a better circularity and homogeneous distribution. Cobalt ferrite (CoFe2O4) nanowires structures have been synthesized from the obtained alumina templates. A simple equipment method has been developed. A morphological characterization of the obtained templates and nanowires, by the use of electron microscopy techniques, is also presented.

Biology and phylogenetic placement of a new species of Lasiokapala Ashmead from Argentina (Hymenoptera: Eucharitidae) Torrens, Javier; Heraty, John Michael; Murray, Elizabeth; Fidalgo, Alberto Antonio P. Within the ant‐parasitic wasp family Eucharitidae (Hymenoptera), the Kapala clade is a monophyletic group attacking Ectatomminae and Ponerinae. Members often express extreme phenotypic features, especially in the morphology of the paired frenal spines. Although the means of attack and developmental history of the eucharitid wasps within the ant nest are very similar, the means by which they oviposit and optimize encounters of their active first‐instar larvae with ants is highly variable. The relationships and life‐history strategies of Lasiokapala Ashmead (Hymenoptera: Eucharitidae) and related taxa within the Kapala clade are discussed based on phylogenetic analyses of morphological and molecular data. Descriptions are provided for the adults (both sexes), eggs and planidia of Lasiokapala spiralicornis sp.n. from Santiago del Estero (Argentina). Females deposit their eggs on the underside of leaves of Sida cordifolia L. (Malvaceae) and the likely host is postulated to be the genus Ectatomma (Formicidae: Ectatomminae). Even within a closely related group of genera, there is extreme independent divergence in morphology of scutellar spines, antennae and other features, but the larvae and larval biology are highly conserved across a much larger group of Eucharitidae.

Cambios anatómicos en raíces e hipocótilos de plántulas de Prosopis ruscifolia (Fabaceae) sometidas a estrés salino; Anatomical changes in roots and hypocotyls of Prosopis ruscifolia (Fabaceae) seedlings exposed to saline stress Bravo, Sandra Josefina; Pece, Marta; del Corro, Florencia Inés; Ojeda Brozovich, Fernando; Lepiscopo, Martín Prosopis ruscifolia es una especie arbórea pionera en áreas inundadas o salinas. El objetivo de este trabajo fue determinar cambios anatómicos en raíces e hipocótilos de plántulas de P. ruscifolia sometidas a estrés salino, bajo condiciones controladas. Las semillas se recolectaron en bosques nativos de la Región Chaqueña Occidental de Argentina. Las semillas se sembraron sobre toallas de papel humedecidas con soluciones salinas de 100, 200 y 300 mM de NaCl y un control humedecido con agua destilada. Se sembraron cuatro repeticiones de 50 semillas cada una, correspondientes a cada tratamiento, se ubicaron en cajas plásticas herméticas dentro de cámara de siembra a 27 ºC y con fotoperíodo de 12 horas. Doce días después de la siembra, se extrajeron plántulas para estudios anatómicos. Se estudiaron 35 plántulas correspondientes a cada tratamiento. Se midieron en raíces e hipocótilos las siguientes variables anatómicas: diámetro de la raíz principal e hipocótilo (µm), espesor de la corteza (µm), número de estratos celulares en la corteza, diámetro del cilindro central (µm), diámetro de la médula (µm), número de estratos celulares en el periciclo y diámetro tangencial de los vasos (µm). Se realizó ANOVA con diámetro de la raíz o hipocótilo como variable dependiente y espesor de la corteza, número de estratos celulares en la corteza, diámetro del cilindro central, diámetro de la médula, número de estratos celulares en el periciclo, diámetro tangencial de los vasos y concentración salina como variables independientes. El diámetro de la raíz disminuyó significativamente con el aumento de la concentración salina (P < 0.0001). El espesor de la corteza redujo su espesor a 100 mM (P < 0.0001) e incrementó el número de estratos celulares que la componen (P < 0.0002). El diámetro del cilindro central se redujo a la concentración salina de 100 mM (P < 0.0001) y el diámetro de la médula y el número de estratos celulares del periciclo (P < 0.0003) disminuyó progresivamente hasta 300 mM. El diámetro tangencial de los vasos (P < 0.0001) se redujo recién a 300 mM de NaCl. Estos cambios anatómicos podrían estar relacionados con la alteración de la expansión y división celular causada por la salinidad y comprometer la formación de raíces laterales y el almacenamiento de reservas. Los hipocótilos no mostraron cambios anatómicos significativos en respuesta al incremento en la salinidad, con excepción de la variación en la posición de estomas y un incremento en el espesor de la hipodermis. Estos cambios parecen indicar el estrés hídrico impuesto por el bajo potencial osmótico causado por las sales. Las plántulas de P. ruscifolia experimentaron cambios anatómicos en respuesta a las concentraciones salinas analizadas, en rasgos vinculados al almacenamiento de reservas, a la absorción y la conducción de agua y la formación de raíces laterales.; Prosopis ruscifolia is a pioneer tree species in flooding or saline areas. The aim of this work was to assess anatomical changes in roots and hypocotyls of P. ruscifolia seedlings induced to saline stress under controlled conditions. Seeds, collected in natural forests of Western Chaco region in Argentina, were sown on paper towels moisturized with saline solutions of 100, 200 and 300 mM of NaCl, and a control group with distilled water. Four repetitions of 50 seeds per treatment were sown, located in hermetic polystyrene boxes, and included in a seeding chamber, at 27 ºC and 12 hours photoperiod. Were studied 35 seedlings from each saline concentration; these seedlings were processed 12 days after sown to obtain microscopic samples. The anatomical variables measured in roots and hypocotyls were the following: main root diameter (µm), bark thickness (µm), number of cell strata in bark, central cylinder diameter (µm), pith diameter (µm), number of cell strata in the pericycle and the tangential diameter of vessels (µm). ANOVA analysis were performed with hypocotyl and root diameters as the dependent variable, and bark thickness (µm), number of cell strata in the bark, the central cylinder diameter (µm), the pith diameter (µm), number of cell strata in the pericycle, the tangential diameter of vessels and the saline concentration as independent variables. Results showed that the root diameter decreased with increasing saline concentrations (P < 0.0001). The bark thickness decreased at 100 mM (P < 0.0001) and the number of cell strata of bark increased to 300 mM (P < 0.0002). The central cylinder diameter decreased at 100 mM saline concentration (P < 0.0001) and the number of cell strata of the pericycle and the pith diameter reduced progressively until 300 mM. The tangential diameter of vessels decreased at 300 mM. These anatomical changes suggested alterations in the expansion and cell division caused by the salinity, and could limit lateral roots formation and reserves storage. Hypocotyls did not show significant anatomical changes in response to increasing salinity, with exception of stomata position and an increase of the hypodermis thickness. These changes indicated that the water stress imposed by low osmotic potential is caused by increasing saline concentration. The seedlings of P. ruscifolia experienced anatomical changes in response to tested saline concentrations in traits related to reserve storage, the absorption and conduction of water, and lateral roots formation.

Production in stirred-tank bioreactor of recombinant bovine chymosin B by a high-level expression transformant clone of Pichia pastoris Noseda, Diego Gabriel; Recúpero, Matías Nicolás; Blasco, Martín; Bozzo, Joaquín Ignacio; Galvagno, Miguel Angel An intense screening of Pichia pastoris clones transformed with the gene of bovine chymosin under methanol-inducible AOX1 promoter was performed, obtaining a transformant clone with a higher milk-clotting activity value in comparison with our previous studies. The scaling of recombinant-chymosin production was carried out by a fed-batch strategy in a stirred-tank bioreactor using biodiesel-byproduct crude glycerol as the carbon source and pure methanol for the induction of chymosin expression, achieving a biomass concentration of 158 g DCW/L and a maximum coagulant activity of 192 IMCU/ml after 120 h of methanol induction. Recombinant bovine chymosin was purified from bioreactor-fermentation culture by a procedure including anion-exchange chromatography which allowed obtaining heterologous chymosin with high level of purity and activity; suggesting that this downstream step could be scaled up in a successful manner for chymosin purification. Thermoestability assay permitted to establish that unformulated recombinant chymosin could be stored at 5 °C without decrease of enzyme activity throughout at least 120 days. Finally, reiterative methanol-inductions of recombinant chymosin expression in bioreactor demonstrated that the reutilization of cell biomass overcame the low enzyme productivity usually reached by P. pastoris system.

Sexual dimorphism and interspecific head variation in the Liolaemus melanops complex (Squamata: Liolaemini) based on geometric morphometrics Minoli, Ignacio; Morando, Mariana; Avila, Luciano Javier By analysing size and shape separately, geometric morphometric methods (GM) are a powerful tool to evaluate morphological differences within and between taxa. In this work, we used GM to investigate whether lizards of the Liolaemus melanops complex differ in shape and size. Specifically, we analysed head shape and size variation to quantify intraspecific sexual dimorphism and interspecific differences. We found sexual dimorphism in six of the seven investigated species (L. canqueli, L. dumerili, L. goetschi, L. martorii, L. melanops and L. morenoi). Five species (L. canqueli, L. casamiquelai, L. martorii, L. melanops and L. morenoi) were distinct in shape and size, whereas L. goetschi and L. dumerili were indiscernible from each other. This work illustrates the value of GM to study morphological variation in lizards, suggesting that similar studies would be valuable for testing species boundaries in other groups of Liolaemus.

Extraction of dynamic speckle activity information from digital holograms Budini, Nicolas; Balducci, Diego Mario Nicolás; Mulone, Cecilia; Monaldi, Andrea Carolina In this work we show how dynamic speckle information can be extracted directly from digital holograms. This allows improving the analysis and characterization of dynamic phenomena by combining dynamic speckle with digital holographic interferometry measurements. We have studied the drying process of paint coatings, which is a typical study case in the field of dynamic speckle characterization, since the speckle activity (SA) of drying coatings is known to decay smoothly as a function of time. We recorded both holograms and speckle images during the process. In this way, we could compare the evolution of global SA calculated from speckle images by a standard method with the evolution of speckle correlation extracted directly from the holograms (i.e. without using holographic imagereconstruction algorithms). The results obtained from both methods have shown to be in good agreement

A review of the application of otolith microchemistry toward the study of Latin American fishes Avigliano, Esteban; Volpedo, Alejandra In developed countries, otolith microchemistry has been used for more than three decades for studies of life history, migration, and environmental ecology of fish stock of commercial importance. Although Latin America produces 16% of the annual fish capture, most of their fishery resources have not been well studied and handled. Modern methodologies related to microchemistry have not been applied to the underdeveloped countries of Latin America due to its high cost. In the last decade, there have been several studies on Latin American resources, carried out mainly by first world countries. Currently, some regional economies are strong and stable enough to ensure the training of specialized human resources and to generate opportunities for the exchange of projects and acquisition of state-of-the-art technology. In this work, all available literature associated to Latin American resources in relation to the use of otolith microchemistry has been reviewed. The use of different methodologies in the region in relation to global trends has been discussed. In addition to that, the extent of collaboration between underdeveloped and developed countries has been evaluated. This review shows a promising future in the application of otolith microchemistry to study biology of fishes, which will impact on the medium and long term to ensure the sustainability of certain resources and, therefore, the strengthening of regional economies.

Mujeres, noviazgo y trabajo: Una experiencia en la Provincia de Buenos Aires, 1906-1910; Women, engagement, and labor: A case study in the Buenos Aires province, 1906-1910 de Paz Trueba, Yolanda Edith; Bracamonte, Lucia Durante el siglo XIX y en los albores del XX, la escritura de cartas fue el medio más difundido para mantener vínculos familiares, amistosos y amorosos entre personas de las clases populares a la distancia. El presente trabajo persigue el objetivo de analizar las cartas escritas entre 1906 y 1910 por una costurera residente en Olavarría a su novio de Bahía Blanca —ciudad situada a unos 300 km de distancia—, a fin de identificar las concepciones y experiencias en torno al amor, el noviazgo y el matrimonio que cristalizaron en ellas y evaluar de qué manera se articularon con su condición de trabajadora. El corpus documental analizado permite vislumbrar de qué manera los hombres y mujeres comunes se apropiaron en forma personal de las ideas o las creencias de su época; es decir, cómo las prescripciones normativas del orden de género se tradujeron en conductas cotidianas asumidas y reelaboradas por los propios individuos en un entorno sociocultural específico. Buscamos también reflexionar en torno al amor en el mundo de los trabajadores, tema que la historiografía argentina ha abordado escasamente, en especial con fuentes que remiten al mundo de los afectos producidas por los mismos actores sociales.; During the 19th Century and the beginning of the 20th, writing letters was the most used method to stay in contact with the family, friends and keep a love relationship between working class persons that lived in distant places. The main objective of this work is to analyze the letters written between 1906 and 1910 by a seamstress that lived in Olavarria and her fiancé from Bahia Blanca —both cities are 300 km away— in order to identify the experiences and conceptions about the love, courtship and the marriage that are expressed in the mail; and to evaluate the way in which these expressions articulate with her condition of a working woman. The documentary corpus used for the analysis lets see the way in which common men and women embraced the ideas and beliefs of the time, that is, how the prescriptions of the genre regulations were taken like daily habits and how they were partially re-elaborated by the persons in a specific sociocultural environment. We also seek to reflect about the love in the working class world, a subject that the argentine historiography has rarely studied, specially with sources related to the emotional world of the same social actors.

Fast radio bursts and their gamma-ray or radio afterglows as Kerr-Newman black hole binaries Liu, Tong; Romero, Gustavo Esteban; Liu, Mo-Lin; Li, Ang Fast radio bursts (FRBs) are radio transients lasting only about a few milliseconds. They seem to occur at cosmological distances. We propose that these events can originate in the collapse of the magnetospheres of Kerr-Newman black holes (KNBHs). We show that the closed orbits of charged particles in the magnetospheres of these objects are unstable. After examining the dependencies on the specific charge of the particle and the spin and charge of the KNBH, we conclude that the resulting timescale and radiation mechanism fit well with extant observations of FRBs. Furthermore, we argue that the merger of a KNBH binary is a plausible central engine for the potential gamma-ray or radio afterglow following certain FRBs and can also account for gravitational wave (GW) events like GW 150914. Our model leads to predictions that can be tested by combined multi-wavelength electromagnetic and GW observations.

Changes in Diachasmimorpha longicaudata (Hymenoptera: Braconidae) Functional Response as a Consequence of Host Density Choice Núñez Campero, Segundo Ricardo; Benitez-Vieyra, Santiago Miguel; Gorla, David Eladio; Ovruski Alderete, Sergio Marcelo Most predator and parasitoid functional response studies have been carried out by using experimental designs where insects are confined to an arena and subsequently exposed to different host densities, which are evaluated individually. In the case of a parasitoid that looks for profitable patches, this design forces it to use the single host density patch available, and therefore the possibility of selection by the parasitoid is not considered at all. A selective functional response, in which the host is distributed in discrete patches at different densities,could be a solution to avoid such a limitation. However, the disadvantage of this design is that it does not meet the independence assumption required to perform a parametric statistical analysis. Nevertheless, the use of nonparametric analyses such as GAM and GAMM models allows the performance of this kind of design, making the relationship between the response and the explanatory variable more flexible, looking for general behavioral patterns. The behavior of the fruit fly parasitoid Diachasmimorpha longicaudata (Ashmead) in a patched condition was assessed in order to demonstrate that nonparametric analyses are useful tools when studying the selective functional response. Results showed that the functional response changed from a "sigmoid curve" to a "bell-shape curve" when the parasitoid had the chance to choose freely among different host densities. The female parasitoid distributed their ovarian load among the eight host densities. The present study suggests that the bell-shape curve displays a general behavior pattern of the parasitoid population.

Relationship between microbial functions and community structure following agricultural intensification in South American Chaco Perez Brandan, Carolina Gabriela; Huidobro, J.; Galván, Marta Zulema; Vargas Gil, Silvina; Meriles, Jose Manuel Intensification of agricultural systems through the use of intensive agriculture and the advance of deforestation have led to a decrease of soil biological quality. Soil functional and structural microbiota are sensitive parameters to monitor changes caused by agricultural use. Different sites under soybean monoculture (continuous soybean) and soybean/maize rotation practices were selected. Samples were collected from agricultural soils under different periods of implantation: 4-year rotation; 15-year rotation; 5-year monoculture; and 24-year monoculture (M24). A site of native vegetation recently under agricultural production (RUA) was also sampled. Native vegetation soils (NV) adjacent to agricultural sites were sampled as a control. In general, the results showed that RUA and M24 had lower enzyme activities, less microbial abundance and low physical and chemical soil quality than those subjected to crop rotation. In contrast, both the bacterial and total microbial biomasses were significantly higher in NV and crop rotation than in soils under monoculture systems. Although it was expected that differences in microbial activities would be due to changes in microbial community abundance, the results indicated that changes in soil management produced faster alterations to soil enzyme activities than any modifications induced in the microbial community structure. Consequently, both aspects of microbial diversity, namely function and structure, were affected independently by agricultural intensification.

Insights into the Andean genera Bridgesia and Guindilia (Sapindaceae): an integrated approach Urdampilleta, Juan Domingo; Coulleri, Juan Pablo; Ferrucci, MarÍa Silvia Sapindaceae s.l. is a moderately large family of trees, shrubs and lianas. The genera Bridgesia and Guindilia belong to the Thouinieae tribe; however, its circumscription to this tribe is in doubt. This work presents a comparative analysis of pollen morphology between species of both genera. They share the basic spherical tricolporate pollen type for the family, but the features studied do not characterize any of them. In addition, the work intends to characterize the karyotype and genome size evolution of both genera, and elucidate the phylogenetic relationships within the family through maximum likelihood and Bayesian analyses of the ITS, trnL and trnL-F sequences. Our results show two different patterns regarding karyotype data: Bridgesia presents 2n D 2x D 28, with metacentric and submetacentric chromosomes; the basic number of the genus, x D 14, is in agreement with the 25% of the chromosome numbers recorded in Sapindaceae. The genus Guindilia exhibits a basic number x D 10; of the three species G. cristata and G. trinervis present metacentric, submetacentric and subtelocentric chromosomes, whereas G. dissecta shows only metacentric and subtelocentric ones. In addition, G. cristata is a polyploid species, with DNA content exactly three-fold that of the diploid species, suggesting a recent event of polyploidization in this species. The infra-familial phylogenetic relationship and circumscription of both genera analysed here evidence that Bridgesia belongs to Paullinia group. The fact that Guindilia is grouped in a different clade encouraged us to propose a new informal tribal group, Guindilia group, in the current infrafamilial arrangement of Sapindaceae.

Immunomodulatory effect of baculovirus in chickens: How it modifies the immune response against infectious bursal disease virus Chimeno Zoth, Silvina Andrea; Carballeda, Juan Manuel; Gravisaco, María José; Lucero, María Soledad; Richetta, Matías Daniel; Gomez, Evangelina Raquel; Berinstein, Analia Several reports have shown that baculoviruses (BVs) have strong adjuvant properties on the mammalian immune system. Recent studies of our group demonstrated the ability of BV to stimulate the innate immunity in chickens. In this investigation, we aimed to assess the potential antiviral effect of BV given both, before and after infectious bursal disease virus (IBDV). In the first case, specific pathogen free chickens were intravenously inoculated with 5 × 10(7) pfu of Autographa californica nuclear polyhedrosis virus and 3 h later were orally administered 2.5 × 10(5) egg infectious doses 50 of IBDV. In the second case, chickens received IBDV 3 h before BV inoculation. Five days later, chickens were bled and euthanized. RNA from the bursa was analyzed for cytokine production. Also, bursae were used for virus recovery, and processed for lymphocyte isolation. The results showed that the administration of BV 3 h after the inoculation with IBDV produced important changes in the effect that IBDV causes in the bursa. BV reduced the infiltration of T lymphocytes, decreased the expression pattern of IL-6 and IFN-γ and inhibited IBDV replication. The results herein presented demonstrate that this Lepidopteran virus shows antiviral activity in chickens under experimental conditions. Investigations under field conditions have to be done to probe this strategy as a valuable sanitary tool for the treatment and prevention of chicken diseases.

Developmental and functional effects of steroid hormones on the neuroendocrine axis and spinal cord Zubeldia Brenner, Lautaro; Roselli, C. E.; Recabarren, S. E.; Gonzalez Deniselle, Maria Claudia; Lara, H. E. This review highlights the principal effects of steroid hormones at central and peripheral levels in the neuroendocrine axis. The data discussed highlight the principal role of oestrogens and testosterone in hormonal programming in relation to sexual orientation, reproductive and metabolic programming, and the neuroendocrine mechanism involved in the development of polycystic ovary syndrome phenotype. Moreover, consistent with the wide range of processes in which steroid hormones take part, we discuss the protective effects of progesterone on neurodegenerative disease and the signalling mechanism involved in the genesis of oestrogen-induced pituitary prolactinomas.

Las especies del género Myotis (Chiroptera: Vespertilionidae) en el bajo delta del Paraná y la pampa ondulada, Argentina Lutz, María Ayelen; Diaz, Monica Mabel; Merino, Mariano Lisandro; Jensen, Roberto Francisco El género Myotis se distribuye en todo el mundo, excepto en los polos, e incluye más de 100 especies,de las cuales 12 se presentan en Argentina. El conocimiento sobre los murciélagos de este género esescaso en amplias áreas de Argentina, como por ejemplo en la Pampa Ondulada y el Bajo Delta del Paraná. Eneste trabajo se estudian las especies de Myotis colectadas en tres localidades del área mencionada: dos en eldepartamento Islas del Ibicuy (provincia de Entre Ríos), y una en el Parque Costero Sur (provincia de BuenosAires). Se presentan datos morfométricos y características de los ejemplares colectados, aportando informaciónsobre la variabilidad intraespecífica de cada especie colectada en el área. En total se colectaron 51 ejemplarespertenecientes a 5 especies: M. albescens, M. dinellii, M. levis, M. ruber y M. riparius. Esta última especie esregistrada por primera vez para las provincias de Entre Ríos y Buenos Aires.

Auxin effects on Pb phytoextraction from polluted soils by Tegetes minuta L. and Bidens pilosa L.: Extractive power of their root exudates Salazar, María Julieta; Rodriguez, Judith Hebelen; Vergara Cid, Carolina; Pignata, Maria Luisa The principal impediment for Pb uptake by plants is the Casparian strip in roots. It prevents metals reaching the xylem, thereby hampering translocation to the aerial organs. In the root apices, young root cells have thin cell walls and the Casparian strip is not completely developed, which could facilitate Pb uptake by roots at these vulnerable points. However, as the phytotoxic effects of Pb reduce root growth and enhance suberization, entry of Pb into the plant is avoided. We propose that the application of root growth promotors could be an important complement in the phytoextraction of Pb from polluted soils, due to their effects on produced biomass, Pb toxicity, and root exudate production. A greenhouse experiment was carried on to evaluate the auxin application effect on the Pb uptake of Bidens pilosa and Tagetes minuta. These species were sensitive to auxins, but the phytotoxic effect of Pb was not reversed by this treatment. Root exudates capable of extracting Pb were produced only when the species were grown in highly polluted soils, indicating a behavioral response to Pb exposure which is desirable for phytoremediation.

Biopreservation of Hepatocytes: Current Concepts on Hypothermic Preservation, Cryopreservation, And Vitrification Fuller, Barry J.; Petrenko, Alexander Y.; Rodriguez, Joaquin Valentin; Somov, Alexander Y.; Balaban, Cecilia Lucía; Guibert, Edgardo Elvio Isolated liver cells (primarily isolated hepatocytes) have found important applications in science and medicine over the past 40 years in a wide range of areas, including physiological studies, investigations on liver metabolism, organ preservation and drug de-toxification, experimental and clinical transplantation. An integral component of many of these works is the need to store the isolated cells, either for short or long-term periods. This review covers the biopreservation of liver cells, with a focus on the history of liver cell biopreservation, the application of hypothermia for short-term storage, standard cryopreservation methods for isolated hepatocytes, the biopreservation of other types of liver cells, and recent developments such as vitrification of hepatocytes. By understanding the basis for the different approaches, it will be possible to select the best options for liver cell biopreservation in different applications, and identify ways to improve preservation protocols for the future.

Quasi-matter bounce and inflation in the light of the CSL model Leon Garcia, Gabriel; Bengochea, Gabriel Roman; Landau, Susana Judith The Continuous Spontaneous Localization (CSL) model has been proposed as apossible solution to the quantum measurement problem by modifying theSchr"{o}dinger equation. In this work, we apply the CSL model to twocosmological models of the early Universe: the matter bounce scenario and slowroll inflation. In particular, we focus on the generation of the classicalprimordial inhomogeneities and anisotropies that arise from the dynamicalevolution, provided by the CSL mechanism, of the quantum state associated tothe quantum fields. In each case, we obtained a prediction for the shape andthe parameters characterizing the primordial spectra (scalar and tensor), i.e.the amplitude, the spectral index and the tensor-to-scalar ratio. We found thatthere exist CSL parameter values, allowed by other non-cosmologicalexperiments, for which our predictions for the angular power spectrum of theCMB temperature anisotropy are consistent with the best fit canonical model tothe latest data released by the Planck Collaboration.

Indexación de argumentos no-sujeto promovidos por aplicativos en toba del este de Formosa (Argentina); Indexing of non-subject arguments prompted by applicative forms in toba to the East of Formosa (Argentina); Indexação de argumentos não sujeito promovidos por aplicativos em toba do leste de Formosa (Argentina) González, Raúl Eduardo El objetivo de este trabajo es analizar tres morfemas pronominales «-te», «-lo» y «-o» que indexan, en el verbo, el número de P (argumento más parecido al paciente de cláusula transitiva) en construcciones con afijos aplicativos. Presentamos los rasgos semánticos que se indexan y avanzamos en la discusión sobre su estatus de índices pronominales a partir de su comparación con otros morfemas verbales que codifican las funciones sintácticas de argumentos sujeto en cláusulas sin aplicativos. En nuestro análisis, seguimos la propuesta de Haspelmath (2013), que incluye las formas personales dependientes y las denominadas marcas de concordancia dentro de un fenómeno amplio: la indexación. El análisis se basa en un corpus oral de carácter narrativo y de oraciones elicitadas con consultante de referencia. El corpus fue recolectado con hablantes que viven en distintas comunidades del Este de la provincia de Formosa (Argentina).; The aim of this paper is to analyze the verbal pronominal morphemes «-te», «-lo», and «-o» that encode number of P (more patient–like argument of transitive clauses) on constructions with applicative affixes. These verbal pronominal morphemes are described in terms of their semantic features, and specially in regards to their status as pronominal indexes by comparison with the ones that encode the syntactic functions of the subject arguments on clauses without applicatives. In this paper, in accordance with Haspelmath (2013), the description of dependent pronominal forms and agreement markers are included within a wider phenomenon called indexation. The analysis proposed is based on a corpus of oral narrative texts and elicited clauses collected by fieldwork carried out in Toba communities from eastern Formosa (Argentina).; O objetivo deste trabalho é analisar três morfemas pronominais «-te», «-lo», «-o», que indexam, no verbo, o número de P (argumento mais parecido ao paciente na oração transitiva) em construções com afixos aplicativos. Apresentamos os traços semânticos que são indexados e avançamos na discussão sobre seu status de índices pronominais a partir de sua comparação com outros morfemas verbais que codificam as funções sintáticas de argumentos sujeito em orações sem aplicativos. Em nossa análise, seguimos a proposta de Haspelmath (2013), que inclui as formas pessoais dependentes e as denominadas marcas de concordância dentro de um fenômeno amplo: a indexação. A análise se baseia no corpus oral de caráter narrativo e de orações elicitadas com consultante de referência. O corpus foi coletado com falantes que moram em diferentes comunidades do leste da província de Formosa (Argentina).

Monadic Wajsberg hoops Díaz Varela, José Patricio; Cimadamore, Cecilia Rossana Wajsberg hoops are the { , →, 1}-subreducts (hoop-subreducts) of Wajsberg algebras, which are term equivalent to MV-algebras and are the algebraic models of Lukasiewicz infinite-valued logic. Monadic MV-algebras were introduced by Rutledge [Ph.D. thesis, Cornell University, 1959] as an algebraic model for the monadic predicate calculus of Lukasiewicz infinitevalued logic, in which only a single individual variable occurs. In this paper we study the class of { , →, ∀, 1}-subreducts (monadic hoop-subreducts) of monadic MV-algebras. We prove that this class, denoted by MWH, is an equational class and we give the identities that define it. An algebra in MWH is called a monadic Wajsberg hoop. We characterize the subdirectly irreducible members in MWH and the congruences by monadic filters. We prove that MWH is generated by its finite members. Then, we introduce the notion of width of a monadic Wajsberg hoop and study some of the subvarieties of monadic Wajsberg hoops of finite width k. Finally, we describe a monadic Wajsberg hoop as a monadic maximal filter within a certain monadic MValgebra such that the quotient is the two element chain.