Discours, identité et relations interrégionales : la « construction culturelle » du rapprochement entre le monde arabe et l’Amérique latine; Discurso, identidad y relaciones interregionales: la «construcción cultural» en el acercamiento entre el mundo árabe y América Latina; Discourse, identity and interregional relations: the “cultural construction” of the rapprochement between the Arab world and Latin America Vagni, Juan José Los contactos políticos, económicos y culturales entre América Latina y el mundo árabe se han sustentado y legitimado en una doble idea-fuerza: la reivindicación de un pasado común entre iberoamericanos y árabes y la afirmación de las posibilidades de construcción de un futuro compartido. La generación de este discurso de «identidad» y «destino común» se fue elaborando a lo largo del siglo xx mediante la iniciativa de intelectuales y activistas, diplomáticos y líderes comunitarios de ambos lados del Atlántico, revelando al mismo tiempo la construcción de un «mito de origen» y el esbozo de planes geopolíticos. Esta cosmovisión ha impregnado recientemente tanto el discurso como el diseño de acciones de acercamiento entre ambas regiones, especialmente en el terreno de la diplomacia pública y cultural, ya sea a nivel bilateral o en los procesos de diálogo interregional como las Cumbres América del Sur-Países Árabes e instancias globales como el proyecto Alianza de Civilizaciones. Este trabajo procura revelar en primer lugar los promotores y la evolución de dicho discurso; para luego revisar su manifestación concreta en el plano de las políticas y contactos interregionales, especialmente en la última década. Este recorrido constituirá una contribución inicial para repensar la articulación entre acción exterior e identidades culturales.; Les relations politiques, économiques et culturelles entre l’Amérique du Sud et le monde arabe reposent et fondent leur légitimité sur une double idée-force : la revendication d’un passé commun entre Latino-Américains et Arabes et l’affirmation des possibilités de construction d’un avenir partagé. Ce discours « d’identité » et de « destin commun » s’est élaboré tout au long du xxe siècle sous l’impulsion d’intellectuels et d’activistes, diplomates et leaders communautaires des deux côtés de l’Atlantique, donnant lieu à la construction d’un « mythe des origines », ainsi qu’à l’ébauche de projets géopolitiques. Cette vision du monde a récemment imprégné le discours et abouti à la mise en place d’actions de rapprochement entre les deux régions, plus particulièrement sur le terrain de la diplomatie publique et culturelle, que ce soit au niveau bilatéral ou dans le cadre des processus de dialogue interrégional, comme les sommets Amérique du Sud-Pays arabes (ASPA), ou des instances mondiales, telles que le projet de l’ONU Alliance des civilisations. L’article revient tout d’abord sur les promoteurs de ce discours, ainsi que son évolution, avant d’analyser ses manifestations concrètes sur le plan des politiques et des relations interrégionales, en particulier au cours de la dernière décennie. Il s’agit d’une première contribution pour repenser l’articulation entre action extérieure et identités culturelles.; Political, economic and cultural contacts between Latin America and the Arab world have been supported and legitimized in a double idée-force: the claim of a common past shared by Latin Americans and Arabs and the potential to build a shared future. The construction of this discourse of a “shared identity” and a “common destiny” has been designed along the 20th century through the initiative of intellectuals, activists, diplomats and community leaders from both sides of the Atlantic, revealing at the same time the construction of an “origin myth” and the outlining of geopolitical plans. This worldview has recently permeated both the political discourse and the design of rapprochement actions between the two regions, especially in the field of public and cultural diplomacy, either bilaterally or in the process of interregional dialogue, as was the case of the Summit of South America-Arab Countries, or in global instances such as the Alliance of Civilizations project. This work aims to firstly show, who the promoters of this discourse are and how it has evolved; and secondly to revise its concrete manifestation in terms of policies and interregional contacts, especially in the last decade. This outlined path will constitute an initial contribution that will allow rethinking the links between foreign policy and cultural identities.

Regeneración y tiempo: el lenguaje político del alfonsinismo en la transición a la democracia en Argentina Velázquez Ramírez, Adrián La eficacia del discurso alfonsinista en la transición a la democracia en Argentina estriba en que logró identificar a la apertura política de 1983 como un punto de ruptura entre un pasado autoritario y un futuro democrático. La trama regenerativa, articulada en la promesa de una “democracia para todos los tiempos” estableció la oportunidad de redención de aquellos elementos de la cultura política argentina que habían colaborado al largo ciclo de inestabilidad. Este recurso le imprimió al discurso de Raúl Alfonsín una particular temporalidad. El artículo analiza los diagnósticos y propuestas que elaboró Raúl Alfonsín entre 1980 y 1983, mostrando el papel discursivo que jugó esta trama regenerativa en el carácter rupturista que adquirió la transición a la democracia en Argentina.; The efficacy of the alfonsinista discourse in the Argentinian transition to democracy was its ability to identify the political opening of 1983 as a point of rupture between an authoritarian past and a democratic future. The regenerative plot established around the promise of a "democracy for all times" offered the chance of redemption of those elements of the Argentine political culture that had worked the long cycle of instability. This regenerative plot gives a particular temporality to the discourse of Raúl Alfonsín. The article discusses the diagnosis and proposals of Raúl Alfonsín between 1980 and 1983, showing the role that this regenerative plot plays in the rupture character which the transition to democracy in Argentina acquired.

Los conflictos socio-ambientales y la agenda internacional Saguier, Marcelo El presente artículo reflexiona sobre la relevancia de conflictos socio-ambientales para la definición de nuevas agendas y miradas acerca de lo internacional. Para ello se centra en dos temas que articulan la relación entre conflictos socio-ambientales y agenda internacional. Por último, identifica procesos internacionales en curso que presentan espacios de oportunidad política para la incidencia de los países latinoamericanos en la definición de agendas internacionales en temas socio-ambientales.

Historia y memoria Vezzetti, Hugo Mario El artículo trata sobre los problemas de la memoria social y las relaciones con la disciplina histórica, un dominio muy actual de problemas. Sus temas nacen y se despliegan en la esfera pública e involucran el modo en que las sociedades abordan la relación con su pasado. Por una parte, la cuestión de la memoria emerge frente a crímenes masivos, como la Shoa o el terrorismo de Estado en la Hugo Vezzetti Profesor Consulto Titular UBA/ Investigador del CONICET. Email: vezzetti@psi.uba.ar Argentina, con el sentido de un deber moral contra formas de olvido o encubrimiento. En segundo lugar, la actualidad del problema se pone de manifiesto en otros rasgos de nuestra experiencia sobre el pasado. Vivimos un auge de una cultura de la memoria, de los museos, los memoriales, las muestras, los artefactos dedicados al pasado; incluso un consumo de memorias, diversificadas, de grupos, círculos, minorías. Hay un boom de memorias; y diversas dimensiones y efectos de ese giro memorialista. Finalmente, la propia historia como disciplina arrastra una crisis, que coincide y se reúne con este auge de la memoria. El régimen tradicional de la historia, asociada a los relatos de la nación y a la consolidación simbólica de los estados, es hoy desafiado por la irrupción de otras historias que nacen de la memoria y la experiencia social. Hay nuevos objetos para la investigación histórica: la cultura y las costumbres, la sexualidad, la infancia y la familia, la mujer, el cuerpo.; The article deals on the problems of social memory and the relations with the historical discipline, a very present domain of problems. Its subjects are born and unfold in the public sphere and involve the way in which societies approach the relation with the past. On the one hand, the question of memory emerges opposed to massive crimes, like the Shoa or the State terrorism in Argentina, with the sense of a moral duty against forms of forgetfulness or concealment. Secondly, the current presence of memory is shown in other characteristics of our experience of the past. We lived in a peak of a culture of memory, with museums, memorials, exhibitions and devices dedicated to the past; even a consumption of diversified memories, of groups, circles, minorities. There is a boom of memories; and diverse dimensions and effects of that memorialist turn. Finally, the history as a discipline carries its own crisis, which coincides with this height of memory. The traditional regime of the history, associated with the narratives of the nation and the symbolic consolidation of the modern states, is now challenged by the irruption of other histories that emerges from the social memory and the social experience. There are new objects for the historical research: the culture and customs, sexuality, childhood and the family, the woman and the body.

Los derechos en las políticas sociales: Desafíos teóricos y opciones estratégicas Pautassi, Laura Cecilia El artículo pone en tensión el cumplimiento efectivo del denominado enfoque de derechos, su consideración discursiva y la situación de los ciudadanos y las ciudadanas como titulares de los derechos. Para ello analizan los principales estándares de interpretación del contenido de un derecho, especialmente los derechos económicos, sociales y culturales que se han definido a la fecha vinculándolos con ejemplos de países de la región y de Argentina en particular, si se cuenta con la adopción transversal de dicha perspectiva. Un punto especial lo tienen un breve recorrido por los Objetivos de Desarrollo del Milenio y los nuevos compromisos post 2015 denominados ODS (Objetivos de desarrollo sustentable) y cómo estas metas han sido insuficientes para consolidar un marco de derechos evidenciando una aproximación de tipo discursiva, lejana a cualquier efectivización de derechos.; The article puts in tension the effective implementation of the so-called rights approach, its discursive consideration and the situation of citizens as rights holders. For this the main standards of interpretation of the content of a right are analyzed. A special focus is put on economic, social and cultural rights that have been defined to date relating them with examples of countries in the region and Argentina in particular, taking into account the transversal adoption from that perspective. A special attention will briefly point out the Millennium Development Goals and the new commitments post 2015 called SDGs (Sustainable Development Goals) and how these goals have been insufficient to consolidate a rights approach showing a discursive approximation, distant to any real effectuation of rights.

Contribuciones para una operacionalización de la teoría de la hegemonía de Ernesto Laclau Fair, Hernán El concepto gramsciano de hegemonía constituye una de las categorías más importantes para el análisis sociopolítico y crítico. En ese marco, la teoría política del discurso de Ernesto Laclau ha hecho un uso novedoso, rearticulándolo a una concepción posestructuralista, en clave posfundacional. Sin embargo, no ha operacionalizado esta categoría nodal para el desarrollo del análisis político del discurso como un método riguroso, útil y válido de investigación en ciencias sociales. El presente trabajo elabora una propuesta original frente a este problema, brindando herramientas para el empleo del concepto de hegemonía en análisis empíricos.; The gramscian concept of hegemony is one of the most important categories for socio-political and critical analysis. In this context, Laclau's political theory of discourse has made a novel use, re-articulating to post-structuralist conception, in post-foundational key. However, it has not operationalized this nodal category for the development of political discourse analysis as a rigorous, useful and valid method of social science research. This paper elaborates an original proposal address this problem by providing tools for the application of the concept of hegemony in empirical analysis.

Nuevas formas de acumulación originaria: la expansión sojera en Argentina; New forms of primitive accumulation: the expansion of soybean in Argentina Spinella, Liliana Elizabeth El objetivo de este trabajo consiste en analizar algunas características del proceso de expansión sojera en Argentina, a la luz de dos de las contradicciones del capital que plantea David Harvey: por un lado, la que se entabla entre la apropiación privada y la riqueza común; por el otro lado, la que surge entre el capital y la naturaleza. El presente artículo intenta asimismo ilustrar mediante datos empíricos algunas de las gravosas consecuencias de estos procesos de mercantilización para los pueblos afectados por esta nueva etapa de acumulación originaria en Argentina.; The aim of this paper is to analyze the main features of the expansion of soybean in Argentina through the lens of two of the contradictions at the heart of capitalism: on the one hand, the contradiction between private appropriation and common wealth; and on the other hand, the contradiction between capital and nature. This paper offers empirical data to illustrate the dangerous consequences of this process of commodification that affects communities in the actual period of primitive accumulation in Argentina.

Swimming and swarming motility properties of peanut-nodulating rhizobia Vicario, Julio César; Dardanelli, Marta Susana; Giordano, Walter Fabian Motility allows populations of bacteria to rapidly reach and colonize new microniches or microhabitats. The motility ofrhizobia (symbiotic nitrogen-fixing bacteria that nodulate legume roots) is an important factor determining theircompetitive success. We evaluated the effects of temperature, incubation time, and seed exudates on swimming andswarming motility of five strains of Bradyrhizobium sp. (peanut-nodulating rhizobia). Swimming motility was increased byexudate exposure for all strains except native Pc34. In contrast, swarming motility was increased by exudate exposure fornative 15A but unchanged for the other four strains. All five strains displayed the ability to differentiate into swarm cells. Morphological examination by scanning electron microscopy showed that the length of the swarm cells was variable, butgenerally greater than that of vegetative cells. Our findings suggest the importance of differential motility properties ofpeanut-nodulating rhizobial strains during agricultural inoculation and early steps of symbiotic interaction with the host.

Liderazgo transaccional y transformacional de voluntarios jóvenes y adultos de Mar del Plata; Younger and older volunteers' transactional and transformational leadership at Mar del Plata Silva Peralta, Yamila Fernanda; Olsen, Cintia Daniela; Pezzi, Lucía; Sanjurjo, Noelia Andrea Esta investigación exploratoria-descriptiva-comparativa tuvo como finalidad caracterizar el liderazgo transaccional y transformacional en voluntarios de la ciudad de Mar del Plata y, específicamente, comparar el liderazgo en voluntarios jóvenes y adultos. Para ello se administró el Multifactor Leadership Questionnaire (MLQ-5x). La muestra de esta investigación fue intencional, no probabilística, compuesta por voluntarios jóvenes y adultos de organizaciones asociativas de la ciudad de Mar del Plata. Se hipotetizó que en el grupo de voluntarios jóvenes el liderazgo sería más transformacional que en grupo de voluntarios adultos y que éste último sería más transaccional. Se calculó descriptivos básicos y se aplicó pruebas no paramétricas para identificar diferencias por grupos. Los resultados indican que sólo habría diferencias críticas entre los voluntarios menores de 30 años y los voluntarios de 60 años o más, en la dimensión transaccional Dirección por Excepción Pasiva. En las restantes dimensiones transaccionales, transformacionales y laissez faire no se encontraron diferencias significativas entre grupos.; This exploratory, descriptive and comparative research was developed to characterize transactional and transformational leadership of non-lucrative organizations volunteers’ at Mar del Plata, Argentina, and to compare younger and older volunteers specifically. For this purpose, the Multifactor Leadership Questionnaire (MLQ-5x) was administered. The sample was intentional, nonprobabilistic, composed by younger and older non lucrative organizations volunteers at Mar del Plata, Argentina. It was hypothesized that younger volunteers’ group would be more transformational than older volunteers’ group, and the last one would be more transactional. Descriptive statistics and non-parametric tests were applied to identify groups’ differences. Results show critical differences between less than 30 year-old and 60 year-old or more volunteers in Passive Management by Exception transactional dimension. There were no critical differences related to the other transactional, transformational and laissez faire dimensions between groups.

Indicadores de sostenibilidad ambiental en el periurbano de la ciudad de Mar del Plata, Argentina Zulaica, Maria Laura; Tomadoni, Micaela María Los indicadores de sostenibilidad conforman herramientas útiles para la toma de decisiones. Las ciudades latinoamericanas, y especialmente las áreas de expansión sin planificación adecuada, enfrentan desafíos cada vez mayores para revertir problemáticas que amenazan su sostenibilidad. El presente trabajo evalúa de manera preliminar, la sostenibilidad ambiental del periurbano de Mar del Plata (Argentina) tomando como referencia algunos de los indicadores propuestos por el modelo del Banco Interamericano de Desarrollo en la Iniciativa Ciudades Emergentes y Sostenibles. Se construyó un índice sintético (Índice de Sostenibilidad Ambiental, ISA) que integra trece indicadores agrupados en ocho temas. Las situaciones más críticas (ISA: 0,45-0,558) se identifican fundamentalmente en zonas en las que se desarrollan actividades rurales y en las que se localizan asentamientos de carácter precario. El estudio realizado profundiza en el conocimiento de la dimensión ambiental de la sostenibilidad, enfatizando en el análisis de los contrastes internos del periurbano marplatense.; Indicators of sustainability are useful tools in decision-making situations. Latin american cities, and especially the areas in expansion without adequate planning, are facing ever-growing challenges to reverse the problems that are threatening their sustainability. The present study evaluates in a preliminar way, the environmental sustainability of the peri-urban of Mar del Plata (Argentina) taking in consideration some of the indicators proposed in the model of the Inter-American Development Bank for the Emerging and Sustainable Cities Initiative. A synthetic index was built (Environmental Sustainability Index, ESI) that integrates thirteen indicators grouped into eight topics. The most critical situations (ESI: 0,45-0,558) were mainly identified in areas where rural activities take place and precarious settlements are located. The developed study deepens in the knowledge of the environmental dimension of sustainability, emphasising in the analysis of the internal contrasts in the peri-ruban of Mar del Plata.

New evidence about the subduction of the Copiapó ridge beneath South America, and its connection with the Chilean-Pampean flat slab, tracked by satellite GOCE and EGM2008 models Alvarez Pontoriero, Orlando; Gimenez, Mario Ernesto; Folguera Telichevsky, Andres; Spagnotto, Silvana Liz; Bustos, Emilce; Baez, Walter Ariel; Braitenberg, Carla Satellite-only gravity measurements and those integrated with terrestrial observations provide global gravity field models of unprecedented precision and spatial resolution, allowing the analysis of the litho- spheric structure. We used the model EGM2008 (Earth Gravitational Model) to calculate the gravity anomaly and the vertical gravity gradient in the South Central Andes region, correcting these quantities by the topographic effect. Both quantities show a spatial relationship between the projected subduc- tion of the Copiapó aseismic ridge (located at about 27◦ ?30◦ S), its potential deformational effects in the overriding plate, and the Ojos del Salado-San Buenaventura volcanic lineament. This volcanic lineament constitutes a projection of the volcanic arc toward the retroarc zone, whose origin and development were not clearly understood. The analysis of the gravity anomalies, at the extrapolated zone of the Copiapó ridge beneath the continent, shows a change in the general NNE-trend of the Andean structures to an ENE-direction coincident with the area of the Ojos del Salado-San Buenaventura volcanic lineament. This anomalous pattern over the upper plate is interpreted to be linked with the subduction of the Copiapó ridge.We explore the relation between deformational effects and volcanism at the northern Chilean-Pampean flat slab and the collision of the Copiapó ridge, on the basis of the Moho geometry and elastic thicknesses calculated from the new satellite GOCE data. Neotectonic deformations interpreted in previous works associated with volcanic eruptions along the Ojos del Salado-San Buenaventura volcanic lineament is interpreted as caused by crustal doming, imprinted by the subduction of the Copiapó ridge, evidenced by crustal thickening at the sites of ridge inception along the trench.Finally, we propose that the Copiapó ridge could have controlled the northern edge of the Chilean-Pampean flat slab, due to higher buoyancy, similarly to the control that the Juan Fernandez ridge exerts in the geometry of the flat slab further south.

Escala de Negociación de Alianza Terapéutica (ANS-A): evidencias de su validez y confiabilidad; Alliance Negotiation scale (ANS-A): evidence on validity and reliability Waizmann, Vanina; Doran, Jennifer; Bolger, Kelly; Gómez Penedo, Juan Martín; Safran, Jeremy; Roussos, Andres Jorge Los instrumentos actuales de Alianza Terapéutica tienden a enfatizar el grado de acuerdo o colaboración entre el paciente y terapeuta acerca de los objetivos y tareas del proceso terapéutico. Sin embargo, el grado en que el paciente y terapeuta son capaces de negociar desacuerdos sobre las metas y tareas resulta una variable importante para el desarrollo y mantenimiento de la Alianza. El presente estudio presenta la traducción al español y estudio de las propiedades psicométricas de confiabilidad y validez de la Alliance Negotiation Scale (ANS-A). de Doran, Safran, Waizmann, Bolger y Muran (2012), una escala de 12 ítems auto administrable para el paciente. en población de pacientes argentinos. Se realizó una traducción cruzada del instrumento y el mismo fue completado por una muestra de 147 pacientes en tratamiento psicoterapéutico en Argentina. El instrumento mostró adecuados niveles de consistencia interna (α = 0,78) y evidencia de validez convergente y discriminante en relación a otra medida de Alianza como la Escala de Alianza de Trabajo –WAI- (Hatcher y Gillaspy, 2006). La escala mostró, a su vez, validez de constructo presentando una solución factorial de dos factores igual que la escala en inglés. Este trabajo representa un paso adelante para investigadores y clínicos argentinos para evaluar el vínculo paciente-terapeuta, a la vez que provee información para los pasos futuros en la validación de la versión norteamericana.; The existing measures to assess Therapeutic Alliance tend to focus on the degree of agreement or collaboration between patient and therapist regarding tasks and goals during therapeutic process. However, both theoretical studies and empirical research, suggest that also the way in which the dyad negotiates disagreements about goals and tasks is a fundamental element for alliance development and maintenance. Doran, Safran, Waizmann, Bolger y Muran (2012) have created a 12-item self-reported measure rated by the patient to evaluate this specific construct: The Alliance Negotiation Scale (ANS). This study aims to present the Spanish version of the scale (ANS-A) and the study of its psychometric properties in a population of argentine clients. After a back-translation of the items done by bilingual researchers the instrument was completed by a sample of 147 patients of psychotherapy. The scale showed adequate internal consistency (α = .78) and evidence of convergent and discriminant validity in relationship with the Working Alliance Inventory (WAI, Hatcher y Gillaspy, 2006). The instrument also presented construct validity with a two-factor solution as in the original scale. Currently there are scarce instrument to measure Alliance validated in Argentina. Thus, this study represents a step forward to help Spanish speaking researchers and clinicians to enrich the way in which they evaluate the therapeutic relationship, and also provides valuable information for continuing the validation of this new instrument and a different way to conceptualize therapeutic alliance.

A report on older-age bipolar disorder from the International Society for Bipolar Disorders Task Force Sajatovic, Martha; Strejilevich, Sergio A.; Gildengers, Ariel G.; Dols, Annemiek; Al Jurdi, Rayan K.; Forester, Brent P.; Kessing, Lars Vedel; Beyer, John; Manes, Facundo Francisco; Rej, Soham; Rosa, Adriane R.; Schouws, Sigfried N. T. M.; Tsai, Shang Ying; Young, Robert C.; Shulman, Kenneth I. Objectives: In the coming generation, older adults with bipolar disorder (BD) will increase in absolute numbers as well as proportion of the general population. This is the first report of the International Society for Bipolar Disorder (ISBD) Task Force on Older‐Age Bipolar Disorder (OABD). Methods: This task force report addresses the unique aspects of OABD including epidemiology and clinical features, neuropathology and biomarkers, physical health, cognition, and care approaches. Results: The report describes an expert consensus summary on OABD that is intended to advance the care of patients, and shed light on issues of relevance to BD research across the lifespan. Although there is still a dearth of research and health efforts focused on older adults with BD, emerging data have brought some answers, innovative questions, and novel perspectives related to the notion of late onset, medical comorbidity, and the vexing issue of cognitive impairment and decline. Conclusions: Improving our understanding of the biological, clinical, and social underpinnings relevant to OABD is an indispensable step in building a complete map of BD across the lifespan.

AtCOX10, a protein involved in haem o synthesis during cytochrome c oxidase biogenesis, is essential for plant embryogenesis and modulates the progression of senescence Mansilla, Natanael; García, Lucila; Gonzalez, Daniel Hector; Welchen, Elina Cytochrome c oxidase (CcO) biogenesis requires several accessory proteins implicated, among other processes, in copper and haem a insertion. In yeast, the farnesyltransferase Cox10p that catalyses the conversion of haem b to haem o is the limiting factor in haem a biosynthesis and is essential for haem a insertion in CcO. In this work, we characterized AtCOX10, a putative Cox10p homologue from Arabidopsis thaliana. AtCOX10 was localized in mitochondria and was able to restore growth of a yeast Δcox10 null mutant on non-fermentable carbon sources, suggesting that it also participates in haem o synthesis. Plants with T-DNA insertions in the coding region of both copies of AtCOX10 could not be recovered, and heterozygous mutant plants showed seeds with embryos arrested at early developmental stages that lacked CcO activity. Heterozygous mutant plants exhibited lower levels of CcO activity and cyanide-sensitive respiration but normal levels of total respiration at the expense of an increase in alternative respiration. AtCOX10 seems to be implicated in the onset and progression of senescence, since heterozygous mutant plants showed a faster decrease in chlorophyll content and photosynthetic performance than wild-type plants after natural and darkinduced senescence. Furthermore, complementation of mutants by expressing AtCOX10 under its own promoter allowed us to obtain plants with T-DNA insertions in both AtCOX10 copies, which showed phenotypic characteristics comparable to those of wild type. Our results highlight the relevance of haem o synthesis in plants and suggest that this process is a limiting factor that influences CcO activity levels, mitochondrial respiration, and plant senescence.

Social figurations and tourist displacement in Argentina Gómez, Raimundo Elías; Cossi, Carlaantonella In this paper we analyze, on the one hand; the figurations of transnational tourist travels; and secondly, tourism concepts involving these configurations. We will do it, based on two initial questions: a) the exploration of the profiles movements than affecting tourism in Argentina; and b) the characterization of tourists and tourism in this country, during the period 2009-2014. To achieve our goals, we will use multidimensional statistics, and qualitative analysis of categories. We try to make an approach to the problem, showing that the displacements of people across state territories, are transformations toward explicit new forms of social integration, which are also the stimulators and the centerpieces of tourism industry.

Lutzomyia longipalpis urbanisation and control Salomón, Oscar Daniel; Feliciangeli, María Dora; Quintana, María Gabriela; Afonso, Margarete Martins Dos Santos; Rangel, Elizabeth Ferreira Since the description of Lutzomyia longipalpis by Lutz and Neiva more than 100 years ago, much has been written in the scientific literature about this phlebotomine species. Soares and Turco (2003) and Lainson and Rangel (2005) have written extensive reviews focused on vector-host-parasite interactions and American visceral leishmaniasis ecology. However, during the last two decades, the success of Lu. longipalpis in colonising urban environments and its simultaneous geographical spreading have led to new theoretical and operational questions. Therefore, this review updates the general information about this species and notes the more challenging topics regarding the new scenario of urbanisation-spreading and its control in America. Here, we summarise the literature on these issues and the remaining unsolved questions, which pose recommendations for operational research.

Amphibians in a changing world: a global look at their conservation status Loyola, Rafael; Lemes, Priscila; Urbina Cardona, Nicolás; Baldo, Juan Diego; Lescano, Julian; Nori, Javier Currently, more than 40% of extant amphibian species are threatened with extinction and a quarter of them still lack information to be classified as threatened, being therefore enlisted as Data Deficient by the International Union for the Conservation of Nature (IUCN) (1,2). Furthermore, amphibians are the greatest underrepresented group in the global network of protected areas (PAs) worldwide. A decade ago, some studies showed that around 17% of amphibian species lived completely outside of protected areas (3). Obviously, the underrepresentation of amphibians in protected areas is much higher for range-restricted species that inhabit highly humanmodified landscapes. Even in face of this worrying scenario, since 2004 not a single update has been published showing amphibian species represented inside PAs at the global scale. Actually, there is a large gap of information, especially if we consider that today data on the distribution of many amphibian species are available, and the areas covered by PAs has increased over the last ten years from 11% to more than 13% worldwide

First insights on the retroelement Rex1 in the cytogenetics of frogs Nascimento, Juliana; Baldo, Juan Diego; Lourenço, Lucina Background: While some transposable elements (TEs) have been found in the sequenced genomes of frog species, detailed studies of these elements have been lacking. In this work, we investigated the occurrence of the Rex1 element, which is widespread in fish, in anurans of the genus Physalaemus. We isolated and characterized the reverse transcriptase (RT)-coding sequences of Rex1 elements of five species of this genus. Results: The amino acid sequences deduced from the nucleotide sequences of the isolated fragments allowed us to unambiguously identify regions corresponding to domains 3-7 of RT. Some of the nucleotide sequences isolated from Physlaemus ephippifer and P. albonotatus had internal deletions, suggesting that these fragments are likely not active TEs, despite being derived from a Rex1 element. When hybridized with metaphase chromosomes, Rex1 probes were revealed at the pericentromeric heterochromatic region of the short arm of chromosome 3 of the P. ephippifer karyotype. Neither other heterochromatin sites of the P. ephippifer karyotype nor any chromosomal regions of the karyotypes of P. albonotatus, P. spiniger and P. albifrons were detected with these probes. Conclusions: Rex1 elements were found in the genomes of five species of Physalaemus but clustered in only the P. ephippifer karyotype, in contrast to observations in some species of fish, where large chromosomal sites with Rex1 elements are typically present.

Los avatares de la gubernamentalidad y la cuestión del Estado. una aproximación crítica desde el gobierno de la pobreza y las prácticas de resistencia (Salta, Argentina); The vicissitudes of governmentality and the question of the State. a critical approach from the government of poverty and practices of resistance (Salta, Argentina) Paulizzi, Maria Cora; Milana, Maria Paula El artículo pretende aportar algunos trazos teóricos, metodológicos y prácticos para la lectura de la cuestión del Estado y el poder, desde la perspectiva de la gubernamentalidad sugerida por Foucault y sus herencias latinoamericanas. Se parte del supuesto de que en la actualidad argentina y salteña, la multiplicidad de lógicas y prácticas de gobierno que codifican al Estado y sus avatares encuentran una clara expresión en el gobierno de la pobreza y en los diagramas vinculares entre gobernados y gobernantes, tejidos en los móviles del poder y la resistencia. En esta dirección, se delinean dos ejes expositivos. Por un lado, una analítica de los conceptos y cuestiones sugeridas desde la propuesta de la gubernamentalidad; por otro lado, una aproximación al gobierno de la pobreza y con ello a dos casos que dan cuenta del entramado relacional entre gobernados-gobernantes y prácticas de gobierno, resistencia y autogobierno entre las cuales se configura y re-configura el rol del Estado. Apostando a una “una ontología del presente”, se analizan formas de poder y resistencia que aún hoy en día se constituyen, reconfigurándose. Asimismo se sugiere un cruce metodológico entre genealogía y etnografía, en la apuesta a un ejercicio crítico de pensamiento a fines de contribuir a desnaturalizar y des-sustancializar las prácticas de gobierno, sus lógicas y nuestras conductas presentes.; This article aims to provide some theoretical, methodological and practical devices about the question of the state and power, from the governmentality perspective suggested by Foucault and their Latin American heritage. It is assumed that in Argentina’s and Salta’s present, multiple logics and practices of government that codify the state and its vicissitudes are clearly expressed in the government of poverty and in relational frames between rulers and ruled, woven into power and resistance. It is proposed to place this exercise around two expositive axes, beginning with an analysis of concepts and suggested issues by the governmentality perspective; on the other hand an approach to the government of poverty, illustrating this through two case studies around relational frameworks between rulers and ruled, practices of government, resistance and self-government, which configures and reconfigures the state’s role. This work brings into play "an ontology of the present", analyzing forms of power and resistance that still constitutes and reconfigures. It implies a methodological crossroad between genealogy and ethnography, contributing to denature governance practices and logics as well as our present behavior.

Influence of raw material moisture on the synthesis of black tea production process Vargas, Rafael Roque Alejandro; Vecchietti, Aldo Tea industry is one of the main activities in the northeast of Argentina. It presents some particularities respect of tea production in other regions of the world, mainly in the high level of automation in tea shoots harvesting. Besides, the factory configurations in terms of the equipment used in tea production are different and it is not clear if they are efficient or not. The objective of this work is to study the effects of the moisture in the raw material (tea shoots) in the optimal design of a tea manufacturing plant not only in the investment but also in the operation costs. A superstructure that includes all the equipment involved in black tea manufacturing is proposed and a Generalized Disjunctive Programming model (GDP) is formulated to find the optimal flow sheet to produce black tea minimizing investment and operation cost, considering different wet contents in the tea shoots. A comparisonwas also made among the optimal plant and typical factories configurations to analyze their performance. From the results obtained can be observed that if the moisture of raw material is below of 4.5 kg of water per kg of dry matter the optimal plant configuration does not change; above this value more investment is needed to extract the extra water content. A similar conclusion can be obtained from the analysis of the operation costs. The optimal configuration is formed by conventional preservation chambers, continuous withering belts, Rotorvane crusher, continuous fermenting machines and fluid bed dryers. Comparing other typical configurations against the optimal one, the operative unit cost is about 20% - 60% greater.