Powdered Beverage from Native Plants from Argentina (Zuccagnia punctata and Solanum betaceum) Obtained by Spray-Drying: A Promising Source of Antioxidant Compounds Correa Uriburu, Florencia Maria; Zampini, Iris Catiana; Maldonado, Luis Maria; Gomez Mattson, Milagros Lucia; Salvatori, Daniela Marisol; Isla, Maria Ines In previous studies, the Argentinean native plants called Zuccagnia punctata (jarilla, pus pus, lata) and Solanum betaceum (chilto, tree tomato) were reported as new natural sources of antioxidant compounds, mainly chalcones, anthocyanins and rosmarinic acid derivates. The present study deals with the production of antioxidant beverages of Z. punctata (Zp) extract and chilto juice with honey as sweetener. A Zp extract and red chilto juice were obtained according to Food Code and characterized. The beverages were formulated by using maltodextrin (MD) with two dextrose equivalents (DE), 10 and 15, and then spray-dried at an inlet air temperature of 130 °C. The physicochemical, microscopical, phytochemical and functional characteristics of the powders were surveyed. The experiments carried out showed good physical properties for both formulations showing high water solubility with adequate features for handling, transport and storage. The chromatic parameters of both powdered beverages indicate orange–pink tones regardless of the wall material used. The total polyphenol and flavonoid content in the beverages were kept after spray-drying (92 and 100%, respectively). The anthocyanins were less stable under drying conditions (yield 58%). Both powdered beverages showed high scavenger capacity on ABTS•+, HO• and H2O2 (SC50 between 3.29 to 41.05 µg GAE/mL) and were able to inhibit xanthine oxidase (XOD) activity (CI50 between 91.35 and 114.43 µg GAE/mL). The beverages were neither toxic nor mutagenic in the concentration range with biological activity. The results obtained in the present work scientifically support the use of the powdered beverages of Argentinean native plants as antioxidant.

IFN-γ and IL-10: seric and placental profile during pig gestation Seric and placental cytokines in pig gestation Velez, Carolina; Clauzure, Mariangeles; Williamson, Delia Maria; Koncurat, Mirta Adriana; Barbeito, Claudio Gustavo Concentration of interferon-gamma and interleukin-10 in maternal serum and in maternal and fetal porcine placental extracts from different gestation periods was determined. Crossbred pigs’ placental samples of 17, 30, 60, 70, and 114 days gestation and non-pregnant uteri were used. Interferon-gamma concentration was increased at the placental interface at 17 days, in maternal and fetal placenta, and decreased significantly in the remaining gestation periods. Interferon-gamma showed a peak in serum at 60 days. Regarding interleukin-10, placental tissue concentrations were unaltered, there were no significant differences with non-gestating uteri samples. In serum interleukin-10 increased at 17, 60, and 114 days gestation. At 17 days there are uterus structural and molecular changes that allow the embryos implantation and placenta development. The presence of interferon-gamma found at this moment in the interface would favor that placental growth. Moreover, its significant increase in serum at 60 days, would generate a proinflammatory cytokine pattern that facility the placental remodeling characteristic of this moment of porcine gestation. On the other hand, a significant interleukin-10 increase in serum at 17, 60 and 114 days could indicate its immunoregulatory role at a systemic level during pig gestation.

Body mass index, weight, and height percentiles in school-aged children from Mendoza. A comparison with the WHO reference Garraza, Mariela; Gauna, María E.; Torres, María Fernanda; Navazo, Bárbara; Quintero, Fabián A.; Bergel Sanchís, María Laura; Cesani Rossi, María Florencia Introduction. The World Health Organization (WHO) recommends the use of reference tables to monitor the growth pattern and nutritional status of children and adolescents. Body mass index (BMI), weight, and height are the most commonly used variables. The objective of this study was to estimate the BMI, weight, and height percentiles for school-aged children (2009-2011) living in the department of San Rafael (Mendoza) and compare them to the international World Health Organization reference to establish their relevance for the evaluation of the growth pattern and nutritional status of this population. Population and methods. A cross-sectional anthropometric study was conducted in 3448 school-aged children aged 4.00 to 13.49 years. The LMS ChartMarker Pro software was used to estimate the BMIfor- age, weight-for-age, and height-for-age percentiles, by sex and age, and they were compared with the WHO curves. Besides, percentage differences (%D) were calculated to estimate the differences and their statistical significance using the Wilcoxon test. Results. The population of boys and girls in San Rafael showed higher weight and BMI (%D ≈ 7% and 9%, respectively) percentiles, and lower height (%D ≈ 0.8%) values than WHO reference (p < 0.05). Conclusion. The differences found warn about the use of the WHO reference in the school-aged population of San Rafael since it would overestimate the prevalence of overweight, obesity, and chronic malnutrition and underestimate the prevalence of acute and global malnutrition. This situation highlights the importance of having a local reference resource.

Arquitectura y revistas culturales: surgimiento y primeros pasos de Summa durante los años 60 Brandoni Garay, Ana Inés El artículo se enfoca en la revista Summa, en particular en su primera etapa, entre 1963 y 1968. La fecha de inicio corresponde a la fundación de Summa, mientras que la fecha de cierre hace referencia al comienzo de una etapa posterior de mayor organización en cuanto a la regularidad de las publicaciones, la creación de una editorial propia y la aparición de nuevas secciones. Esta periodización corresponde a un lapso de cinco años de publicaciones intermitentes, y es funcional a este trabajo dado que es durante estos años cuando se publican los artículos teóricos que establecieron el tono crítico de la revista. La hipótesis que guía este trabajo es que esta revista tuvo un rol destacado en la renovación disciplinar de los años sesenta, portadora de una mirada característica de un clima intelectual de crítica y revisión del llamado “Movimiento Moderno”. En otras palabras, las críticas hacia el International Style por parte de la producción arquitectónica y urbana deben entenderse a la par de los aportes escritos y visuales de este tipo de medios, en particular del aquí abordado.

New Evidence of Grinding Activities in Patagonian Steppe during the Late Holocene (ca. 2000 Years BP): The Laguna Azul Site (Somuncurá Plateau, Río Negro Province, Argentina) Vargas Gariglio, Jorgelina; Giovannetti, Marco Antonio; Lynch, Virginia This paper aims to present the first record of micro vegetable remains in grinding-stone tools found in hunter-gatherer contexts located in Laguna Azul (Somuncurá plateau, Argentina). These grinding-stone tools resulted from excavations of two hunting blinds (known as “parapets”) related to late Holocene radiocarbon dates of 1756 ± 28 years BP (D-007084; δ 13C = 20.2‰) and 1906 ± 26 years BP (D-007085; δ 13C = −19.8‰). The combination of micro-wear and starch grains studies allows us to discuss the autochthonous and allochthonous vegetation processing activities. From these remains, four types of vegetation with nutritive potential were identified: Chenopodaceas, Amaranthaceas, Prosopis sp. and Araucaria sp. The grinding stone tools’ microscopic analysis gave evidence of the specific processing motions employed. This evidence-based data enables us to discuss the relationship between the hunter-gatherers and their environment during the late Holocene and also to establish new assumptions about circuits of mobility and communication.

A new species of Colpolopha Stål, 1873 (Orthoptera: Romaleidae) from Brazi Mariño Pérez, Ricardo; Pocco, Martina Eugenia Colpolopha minuta sp. nov. (Orthoptera: Romaleidae) is described from Floresta Nacional do Aripe near Crato in Ceará State, Brazil from 17 specimens collected by Moacyr Alvarenga deposited at the Insect Collection of the University of Michigan Museum of Zoology. This new species is characterized by its small size and brachypterous tegmina compared to other known Colpolopha species. A comparison with other short-winged Colpolopha species is provided. A discussion about some iNaturalist records is provided in order to help us identify possible new records or species in the region.

Regional payment agreements: An alternative to currency convertibility?; Los Acuerdos Regionales de Pagos: ¿una alternativa a la convertibilidad monetaria? Bruchanski, Marcelo Daniel; Molinari, Andrea Regional Payment Agreements (RPAs) replicate, on a regional scale, John M. Keynes’s proposal at the Bretton Woods Conference, based on the recording and subsequent clearing of transactions. The analysis of the three “founding” RPAs from the Golden Age (Finland-USSR, European Payments Union and the LAFTA-LAIA Agreement on Reciprocal Payments and Credits) suggests that, in general, these agreements fulfiled their objectives: saving foreign currency and promoting trade. Hence, RPAs would present an alternative to currency convertibility for current account transactions.; Los acuerdos regionales de pagos (ARP) replican a escala regional la propuesta de John M. Keynes ante la Conferencia de Bretton Woods, sobre la base del registro y posterior compensación de las transacciones. El análisis de los tres ARP “fundacionales” de la Edad de Oro (Finlandia-URSS, Unión Europea de Pagos y el Convenio de Pagos y Créditos Recíprocos de ALALC-ALADI) sugiere que, en términos generales, estos acuerdos cumplieron con los objetivos propuestos: el ahorro de divisas y la promoción del comercio, por lo cual se infiere que los ARP presentarían una alternativa a la convertibilidad monetaria para las transacciones corrientes.

Cambios morfológicos óseos en la columna vertebral de cazadores-recolectores del extremo meridional de la cuenca del Plata (Argentina); Bone morphological changes in the vertebral column of hunter-gatherers from the southern extreme of la Plata basin (Argentina) Mazza, Bárbara Pamela Diversos factores biológicos y mecánicos producen cambios morfológicos en las superficies articulares de la columna vertebral, algunos de carácter patológico. El objetivo de este trabajo es determinar los factores que interactuaron en la presencia y distribución de osteofitos marginales, nódulos de Schmörl y enfermedad degenerativa del disco en los cuerpos vertebrales, y de osteofitos marginales, porosidad, eburnación, remodelación de contornos y enfermedad degenerativa articular en las zigapófisis de los sectores cervicales, torácicos, lumbares y sacro de cazadores-recolectores del extremo meridional de la cuenca del Plata (Argentina). Se analizaron 41 individuos adultos de ambos sexos mediante pruebas estadísticas bivariadas, modelos lineales generalizados y análisis de componentes principales. Los resultados corroboran la etiología multifactorial. Los cambios óseos y patologías articulares están influenciados principalmente por la edad y, posiblemente, por factores genéticos. Además, la mayoría de los patrones de distribución de los cambios óseos corresponden al patrón esperado según la curvatura de la columna vertebral y a las presiones mecánicas impuestas por nuestra postura bípeda. No obstante, algunas diferencias entre los sexos y la presencia de algunos cambios óseos en adultos jóvenes (20-35 años) podrían deberse a una diferenciación en las actividades cotidianas con su inicio durante la adolescencia.; Several biological and mechanical factors produce morphological changes in the spine’s articular surfaces, some of pathological order. This work aims to determine the factors that interacted in the presence and distribution of marginal osteophytes, Schmörl’s nodules, and degenerative disc disease in the vertebral bodies, and of marginal osteophytes, porosity, eburnation, remodeling of margins, and degenerative joint disease in the zygapophyses of the cervical, thoracic, lumbar, and sacral sectors of hunter- gatherers from the southern extreme of La Plata basin (Argentina). Forty-one adult individuals of both sexes were analyzed through bivariate statistical tests, generalized linear models and principal component analysis. The results corroborate the multifactorial etiology. Age and, possibly, genetic factors influenced bone changes and joint pathologies. Also, most of the distribution patterns of bone changes correspond to the expected pattern according to the spine’s curvature and the mechanical pressures imposed by our bipedal posture. However, some differences between the sexes and the presence of bone changes among young adults (20-35 years) could be due to a differentiation in daily activities with their onset during adolescence.

Usos de la fauna en el río Salado bonaerense: Saberes locales actuales; Uses of fauna in the Salado River of Buenos Aires: Current local knowledge Escosteguy, Paula Daniela; Salerno, Virginia Mariana; González, Marta Isabel; Freitas, Magdalena Como parte de las investigaciones arqueológicas en la Depresión del río Salado bonaerense, a lo largo de los años desarrollamos encuentros con pobladores locales para abordar la relación de la sociedad con el entorno de este humedal. Nuestro propósito fue conocer el uso del espacio y el aprovechamiento de los recursos a lo largo del tiempo. Así, realizamos entrevistas planificadas y otras durante diferentes situaciones (trabajos de campo arqueológico). Los encuentros con cazadores, pescadores y otras personas involucradas en estas actividades, nos permitieron conocer prácticas y tensiones que atraviesan sus actividades, generando una aproximación holística sobre los vínculos que las personas establecen con los animales. Además, nos brindaron testimonios sobre modalidades de captura y aprovechamiento de mamíferos (coipo, peludo, zorro), aves (ñandú, gallareta), peces (bagre, tararira, lisa) y reptiles (lagarto overo). El conocimiento práctico de las personas es producto de la aprehensión cotidiana del entorno e incluye aspectos intangibles asociados a las actividades cinegéticas y de pesca, tales como la importancia de conocer el paisaje o la biología y etología de las presas. Su consideración nos permite interpretar el registro arqueofaunístico a partir de la integración de distintos saberes y generar nuevas preguntas sobre las prácticas sociales del pasado.; Throughout the years, as part of the archaeological research in the Salado River Depression of Buenos Aires province, we have held meetings with local people to address the relationship between society and the environment of this wetland. Our purpose was to know the use of space and resources over time. Thus, we carried out planned interviews and others during different situations (e.g. archaeological fieldwork). Meeting hunters, fishermen and people involved on those activities, allowed us to learn about practices and tensions that crosscut their activities, generating a holistic approach to the links that people establish with animals. In addition, they provided us with testimonies about the modalities of capture and use of mammals (e.g. coypu, armadillo, fox), birds (e.g. rhea, coot), fish (e.g. catfish, tararira, mullet), and reptiles (overo lizard). Practical knowledge is the product of the daily apprehension of the environment. It includes intangible aspects associated with hunting activities and fishing, such as the importance of knowing the landscape or the biology and ethology of prey. Taking this into account allows us to interpret the archaeofaunistic record from the integration of different knowledge, and to generate new questions about the social practices of the past.

Riddles, Education, and Philosophy in Clearchus of Soli’s On Riddles; Acertijos, educación y filosofía en el tratado Sobre los acertijos de Clearco de Solos Gardella, Mariana The aim of this paper is to examine the relationship between riddles, education, and philosophy that Clearchus of Soli proposes in fr. 63W. I begin by analyzing the definition of "riddle" given in fr. 86W. I will argue in favor of the following claims: (1) a riddle (grÎphos) is different from an enigma (aínigma); (2) a riddle is similar, in a certain way, to a dialectical problem; (3) there is a relationship between riddle and aporia. Then, taking the examples of riddles transmitted in the fragments of the treatise On Riddles into account, I will try to explain what the exact relationship between riddle, education, and philosophy could be.; El objetivo de este artículo es examinar la relación entre los acertijos, la educación y la filosofía que propone Clearco de Solos en el fr. 63W. En primer lugar, analizaré la definición de “acertijo” del fr. 86W y ofreceré argumentos para probar las siguientes afirmaciones: (1) existe una diferencia entre el acertijo (grîphos) y el enigma (aínigma); (2) el acertijo se asemeja, en cierto sentido, al problema dialéctico; (3) existe una relación entre el acertijo y la aporía. En segundo lugar, tomando en consideración los ejemplos de acertijos transmitidos en los fragmentos del tratado Sobre los acertijos, explicaré cuál podría ser la relación que los acertijos tienen con la filosofía y la educación.

Listado de Evaluación del Soporte Interpersonal (LESI- 12): Evidencias de validez y confiabilidad en el contexto argentino; Interpersonal Support Evaluation List (ISEL-12): Evidence of Validity and Reliability in the Argentinian Context Olivera, Mercedes; Prozzillo, Paola Alejandra; Simkin, Hugo Andrés Dada la trascendencia de la percepción de apoyo social sobre la salud mental, resulta fundamental disponer de instrumentos de evaluación que cuenten con evidencias de validez para su uso en el contexto local. El presente estudio propone evaluar la estructura factorial, la confiabilidad interna y validez externa del Listado de Evaluación de Soporte Interpersonal (LESI-12) en una muestra de 459 adultos. El análisis factorial confirmatorio demostró que el modelo trifactorial presenta índices de ajuste adecuados (SRMR = .06; CFI = .97; NNFI = .97; IFI = .97). Las dimensiones del instrumento evidenciaron una consistencia interna aceptable (.78 ≤ Ꞷ). El análisis de validez externa dio cuenta de una fuerte relación inversa con medidas de sintomatología depresiva, tal como sugiere la literatura. Se concluye que la solución trifactorial del LESI-12 es teóricamente consistente y coherente con la literatura, y esto presenta evidencia en favor de su uso en el contexto argentino.; Given the importance of the perception of social support on mental health, it is essential to have assessment instruments with evidence of validity for use in the local context. This study proposes to evaluate the factorial structure, internal reliability and external validity of the Interpersonal Support Assessment List (LESI-12) in a sample of 459 adults. Confirmatory factor analysis showed that the three-factor model presents adequate fit indices (SRMR = .06; CFI = .97; NNFI = .97; IFI = .97). The dimensions of the instrument evidenced an acceptable internal consistency (.78 ≤ Ꞷ). The external validity analysis revealed a strong inverse relationship with measures of depressive symptomatology, as suggested by the literature. It is concluded that the three-factor solution of the LESI-12 is theoretically consistent and coherent with the literature, and this presents evidence in favor of its use in the Argentine context.

Comportamientos en juego en espacios escolares y comunitarios Varela, Melina Damiana En el marco de una investigación etnográfica cuyo resultado final fue mi Tesis de Licenciatura, titulada “La educación en los primeros años de la niñez: interculturalidad y crianza de niños migrantes bolivianos en la ciudad de Buenos Aires” (2017), en este trabajo me propongo problematizar las intervenciones que se ponen en juego en torno a la corporalidad a partir de las consignas que las docentes y demás actores institucionales daban a los niños y las niñas en relación con los modos de comportarse en un jardín de infantes2 ubicado en un barrio de la zona sur de la ciudad de Buenos Aires en un contexto de marcada desigualdad. Para ello retomo algunos debates desde el campo educativo -entre ellos el concepto de socialización- y los aportes que desde la antropología me permiten analizar los modos y momentos en que las consignas se hacen presentes en las dinámicas escolares. Asimismo, reflexiono sobre las preocupaciones institucionales y de interacción en torno a propuestas lúdicas y sobre el juego de alumnos/as de 4 y 5 años de edad, en su mayoría migrantes o hijos/as de migrantes de países limítrofes.; Within the framework of an ethnographic investigation whose final result was my Graduate Thesis titled “Education in the early years of childhood: interculturality and upbringing of Bolivian migrant children in the city of Buenos Aires" (2017) in this work I propose to problematize the interventions that are put into play around the corporality from the instructions that the teachers and other institutional actors gave to the boys and girls in relation to the ways of behaving in a kindergarten located in a neighborhood of the area south of the city of Buenos Aires in a context of marked inequality. For this, I return to some debates from the educational field -among them the concept of socialization- and the contributions that from anthropology allow me to analyze the ways and moments in which the instructions are present in school dynamics. I also reflect on the institutional and interactional concerns around playful proposals and on the play of 4 and 5-year-old students, mostly migrants or children of migrants from neighbor countries.

El caso Dobbs y el futuro de la autodeterminación personal en Estados Unidos; Dobbs and the future of self-determination in the United States of America Sagel, Paula El 24 de junio de 2022, la Corte Suprema de los Estados Unidos dictó el fallo Dobbs, una decisión que echa por tierra el derecho al aborto a nivel federal. La Corte decidió así revertir una larga trayectoria de precedentes que regulaban el acceso a la interrupción del embarazo, legalizado en el mítico caso Roe v. Wade en 1973. Pese a que la mayoría de los análisis presentan a Dobbs como un precedente sin precedentes, aquí proponemos que el nuevo fallo es tan solo el golpe de gracia en una larga estrategia por goteo para desmantelar el derecho al aborto que se venía construyendo desde la década de los‘80. Reconstruiremos sus argumentos salientes, revisaremos sus mayores controversias y analizaremos las consecuencias sobre los derechos a la autonomía y a la (no) reproducción, tanto en aquellas latitudes como sus posibles proyecciones hacia las nuestras.; On June 24, 2022, the Supreme Court of the United States issued a ruling that overturns the right to abortion. With Dobbs, SCOTUS decided to reverse a long history of precedents that regulated access to termination of pregnancy, which began with the mythical case Roe v. Wade in 1973. Despite the fact that the vast majority of legal academia presents Dobbs as an unprecedented ruling, we propose that the new precedent is only the last blow in a long chip-down strategy to dismantle the right to abortion that the Court has been sustaining since the '80s. We also propose to reconstruct their salient arguments, review their major controversies and analyze the consequences on the rights to autonomy and (non) reproduction, both in those latitudes and their possible projections towards ours.

A facile method for in-situ detection of thiabendazole residues in fruit and vegetable peels using Surface-Enhanced Raman Spectroscopy Rizzato, Maria Luz; Picone, Andrea Lorena; Romano, Rosana Mariel A flexible Surface-Enhanced Raman Spectroscopy (SERS) substrate based on silver nanoparticles encapsulated in an agar gel has been probed to detect the fungicide thiabendazole (TBZ) reaching a limit of detection (LOD) of 30 ng/cm2. In addition, a simple and sensitive strategy was employed for in-situ detection of TBZ on fruit and vegetable peels. For that purpose, peels of different fruits and vegetables were intentionally contaminated with different amount of TBZ, and the analyte was subsequently extracted within few seconds by gently rubbing the surface with the SERS substrate. The lowest value of TBZ detected on eggplant and green pepper peels was 50 ng/cm2. The values achieved for apple and pear peels were 0.20 μg/cm2 and 40 ng/cm2, respectively. On the other hand, for tomato and strawberry peels the lowest value achieved was 0.50 μg/cm2. The variation in sensitivity can be attributed to differences in the surface properties of the different peels. The above results show that this flexible SERS substrate can be further employed for the detection of contaminants in practical applications for food safety inspection.

"Cazando mitos": sobre la reflexividad como puente entre investigación y extensión; “Myth-Busting”: On reflexivity as a bridge between research and extension Gomez, Carina Elizabeth; Patagua, Patricia Evangelina; Rovetta Cortes, Ana Irene; Yufra, Laura Cristina En este texto reflexionamos sobre nuestros inicios como grupo extensionista de la Universidad Nacional de Jujuy. Exponemos cómo, tras participar en un evento de vinculación basado en una lógica de transferencia y no de intercambio, nos propusimos lanzar un proyecto que superara dicho razonamiento desde una perspectiva extensionista crítica. Identificando la reflexividad como aquel puente que nos permitiría atravesar las distancias entre cada una de nuestras investigaciones y el campo de la extensión: (1) presentamos el proceso colectivo e institucional que seguimos para poner en marcha el proyecto que denominamos ?Cazando mitos: acercando la investigación en ciencias sociales a escuelas secundarias de San Salvador de Jujuy?, (2) contrastamos las experiencias que tuvimos en las aulas de tres centros educativos, y (3) evaluamos los logros y las limitaciones de la que fuera nuestra primera propuesta extensionista conjunta.; In this paper we reflect on our beginnings as an extensionist group at the National University of Jujuy. We expose how, after participating in a university extension event based on a logic of transfer and not of exchange, we decided to create a project with which to overcome this rationale from a critical extensionist perspective. Identifying reflexivity as that bridge that would allow us to cross the distances between each of our researches and the field of extension: (1) we present the collective and institutional process we followed to launch “Myth-Busting: Bringing social sciences research closer to secondary schools in San Salvador de Jujuy”, (2) we contrast the experiences we had in the classrooms of three educational centers, and (3) we evaluate the achievements and limitations of that which was our first joint extension proposal.

Momentos, espacios y temporalidades en la entrevista virtual: reflexiones desde el estudio de las políticas sociales; Moments, spaces and temporalities in the virtual interview: reflections from the study of social policies Sordini, María Victoria; Dettano, Andrea El objetivo de este escrito es re-visitar algunos aspectos de la entrevista virtual en la plataforma Facebook, realizada en el marco de dos proyectos de investigación que indagan a personas que reciben programas sociales y que organizan y gestionan comedores y merenderos comunitarios, en el contexto de pandemia por COVID-19 durante 2020 y 2021. Este trabajo se apoya en la revisión y reflexión de las notas de campo que acompañaron el proceso de indagación mediante las entrevistas virtuales. La sistematización de la experiencia de entrevista virtual permite delinear que el momento de apertura de la entrevista implica negociaciones en torno al ritmo de la conversación y la plataforma de realización, a la vez que emerge la desconfianza por parte de las personas entrevistadas. En el durante, se observa la intermitencia de la comunicación y su desarrollo en diferentes temporalidades. El cierre puede darse de manera acordada o intempestiva por cansancio o desconfianza de la persona entrevistada. Se concluye que las diferentes formas de digitalización de la vida, implican observar los emplazamientos donde las interacciones cobran forma, independientemente de si son medios físicos o virtuales.; The aim of this paper is to revisit some aspects of the virtual interview on the Facebook platform, carried out within the framework of two research projects that investigate social programs recipients who organize and manage soup kitchens and picnic areas, in the pandemic context by COVID-19 during 2020 and 2021. This work is based on the review and reflection of the field notes that accompanied the virtual interviews. The systematization of the virtual interview experience makes it possible to delineate that the “opening moment” of the interview involves negotiations around the rhythm of the conversation and the platform for conducting it, while distrust emerges from the interviewees. In the “meantime”, the intermittence of communication and its development in different temporalities is observed. “The closure” can occur in an agreed or untimely manner due to the fatigue or mistrust of the interviewed. It is concluded that the different forms of digitalization of life imply observing the locations where interactions take shape, regardless of whether they are physical or virtual media.

Ecotoxicological Methodologies to Evaluate Biomarkers at Different Scales in Neotropical Anurans Pérez Iglesias, Juan Manuel; Franco Belussi, Lilian; Ruiz de Arcaute, Celeste; Bach, Nadia Carla; Soloneski, Sonia Maria Elsa; Gonzalez, Silvia Patricia; Almeida, César Américo; Brodeur, Celine Marie Julie The new questions in ecotoxicology highlight the importance of applying a battery of biomarkers, as this results in ecotoxicological predictions that improve not only the interpretation of the effects of environmental stressors on organisms but also the determination of their possible impact. It is well known that the use of ecotoxicological biomarkers at different levels of organization allows for the prediction of the biological responses of organisms to environmental stressors, which is useful in environmental risk assessment. Nevertheless, it is necessary to consider the optimization of basic procedures, to generate historical data in control groups, and to employ specific bioassays to evaluate responses in organs and tissues in order to elucidate the nature and variation of the effects observed. Therefore, the present work aims to describe several ecotoxicological methodologies employed in all stages of neotropical anurans at different ecological levels and to validate them as useful biomarkers to be used both in wildlife and in laboratory conditions. In this work, these biomarkers were applied at the individual/organismic level (body condition index), histological/physiological level (histopathology, histometric, and pigmentary analyses), biochemical level (oxidative stress enzymes), and genetic level (direct and oxidative damage in DNA by comet assay). Although these methodologies have small variations or modifications depending on the species, these techniques provide effective biomarkers for evaluating the effect of xenobiotics on anurans, which possess certain characteristics that make them useful indicator species of aquatic and terrestrial ecosystems. In conclusion, the battery of biomarkers employed in the present study has proven to be adequate for estimating toxic responses in Neotropical anurans and can be further recommended as bioindicators for identifying the impact of pollutants on the aquatic ecosystems of the region. Finally, it is recommended to achieve the standardization of these important biomarkers for anurans in specific regions as well as to possibly include them in risk assessments and decision-making.

Optimization of Probiotic Lactobacilli Production for In-Feed Supplementation to Feedlot Cattle Aristimuño Ficoseco, Maria Cecilia; Mansilla, Flavia Ivana; Vignolo, Graciela Margarita; Nader, Maria Elena Fatima The selection of probiotic bacteria based on their beneficial characteristics does not necessarily mean they can be later scaled up and used for technological applications and formula design. Three probiotic strains—Lactobacillus acidophilus CRL2074, Limosilactobacillus fermentum CRL2085, and Limosolactobacillus mucosae CRL2069, originally isolated from feedlot cattle feces—have demonstrated beneficial characteristics when used as in-feed probiotics. Therefore, the current study was conducted to develop a low-cost culture medium to optimize growth conditions to enhance biomass production. The study also sought to identify appropriate cryoprotective agents to sustain high functional cell numbers after freeze drying. A central composite design was applied to determine the optimal medium composition. This yielded a simplified, low-cost effective medium containing 3% molasses and industrial yeast extracts (0.5 to 2.5%) as carbon and nitrogen sources, which were added to a basal medium for each strain. Established production conditions at 37 °C, without agitation, and pH-controlled for the CRL2085 and CRL2069 strains, and free pH for the CRL2074 strain, allowed us to obtain biomass yields of 12.95, 18.20, and 12.25 g, respectively, at 24-h incubation, compared with the MRS medium. In addition, the cryoprotective effect of the selected agents was demonstrated to be strain-dependent. Thus, the highest viability (109–1010 CFU/g), stability during 30-d storage, and survival rate (88–99%) were achieved when 10% MSG (monosodium glutamate), sucrose + fructose + trehalose + WPC (whey protein concentrate) + 10% MSG, and 1.2% WPC + 10% trehalose, were used for freeze drying CRL2074, CRL2085, and CRL2069, respectively. Moreover, the probiotic strains retained their probiotic functionality when hydrophobic characteristics were evaluated. These results highlight the need to perform strain-specific evaluation of the critical factors involved in the large-scale production of probiotic lactobacilli to sustain viability and stability after the freeze drying and storage processes.

Datos de nivel freático en campo experimental Las Magnolias, UNNOBA-Junin Datos de presión barométrica del pozo del campo experimental UNNOBA (Las Magnolias), tiene una profundidad de 11 m en Sedimentos Pampeanos y alcanza el nivel freático.

Respuestas al Cuestionario para Docentes. Niveles inicial, primario y secundario de la ciudad de Mar del Plata Respuestas de docentes de nivel inicial, primario y secundario de instituciones educativas de la ciudad de Mar del Plata, a un cuestionario diseñado para indagar aspectos de su labor durante las medidas de aislamiento social, preventivo y obligatorio tomadas en contexto de pandemia por COVID-19, y las dificultades encontradas en el retorno a las clases presenciales. Se incluyen ítems de un inventario de emociones para docentes (Chen, 2016) Referencia Chen, J. (2016). Understanding teacher emotions: The development of a teacher emotion inventory. Teaching and Teacher Education, 55, 68-77.