Derecho humano a la alimentación y cuestión periurbana: una reflexión desde la soberanía alimentaria; Human right to food and peri- urban issue: a reflexion from food sovereignty Marichal, Maria Eugenia; Bonet de Viola, Ana María; Passegi, Delia; Scolnick, Nadina Este trabajo analiza el potencial del concepto de soberanía alimentaria para reivindicar el rol de los sectores periurbanos en las políticas alimentarias. Durante las últimas décadas en Argentina, estas políticas se basaron en una concepción asistencialista y jerárquica, concebida en contexto de emergencia. Esta concepción postergó el necesario abordaje integral y a largo plazo. Como hipótesis, se postula que este tipo de políticas contribuyen a afianzar la marginalidad de los territorios periurbanos en tanto destinatarios pasivos de prestaciones sociales. Al responder a un nivel básico del derecho humano a la alimentación, restringen el potencial participativo, productivo y ecológico de esos territorios. La soberanía alimentaria contribuye a una reinterpretación del derecho humano a la alimentación en su nivel más integral, en tanto parte de un nivel de vida adecuado. De este modo, habilita un desplazamiento de lo periurbano desde una consideración pasiva hacia su abordaje como protagonista en la transición socioecológica.; This work analyses the potential of the food sovereignty concept to vindicate the peri-urban sector's role in food policies. For the last decades in Argentina, these policies were based on welfare and top-down conception conceived in an emergency context. This conception postponed the necessary integration and long term approach. As a hypothesis, it is proposed that this type of policies contributes to strengthen the peri-urban territories marginality as passive recipients of social benefits. In responding to a basic level of human right to food, they limit the participative, productive and ecological potential of these territories. The food sovereignty contributes to a reinterpretation of the human right to food in its most integral level, as a part of an adequate standard of living. Thus, food sovereignty enables a shift of the peri-urban from a passive consideration to its approach as a leading role in the socio-ecological transition.

Imaginarios sociales y prácticas de distinción: Jóvenes talentosos/as, comprometidos/as, emprendedores/as y cosmopolitas; Social Imaginaries and Distinction Practices: Talented, Committed, Entrepreneurial and Cosmopolitan Young People Dallaglio, Lucila María Teresa Este artículo indaga los imaginarios y las prácticas de distinción observadas entre los estudiantes de la Universidad de San Andrés, ubicada en el Área Metropolitana de Buenos Aires, Argentina, tanto entre jóvenes pertenecientes a sectores de altos ingresos como entre quienes reciben algún tipo de beca o de ayuda financiera. El objetivo es analizar el perfil del estudiante de esta universidad, que ofrece una formación centrada en las competencias: jóvenes talentosos/as, solidarios/as, emprendedores/as y cosmopolitas. Entre los resultados, se muestra una representación positivizada en torno al desarrollo de diferentes talentos e iniciativas sociales, del emprendedorismo y de los intercambios que coadyuvan a internacionalizar las trayectorias.; This article investigates the social imaginaries and distinction practices carried out by the students of the University of San Andrés (Metropolitan Area of Buenos Aires, Argentina), both young people from high-income sectors and those who receive some type of scholarship or financial aid. The objective is to analyze the profile of the student of this university, which offers training focused on skills: talented, supportive, enterprising and cosmopolitan youth. Among the results is a positive representation of young university students around the development of different talents and social initiatives, entrepreneurship and exchanges that help internationalize their trajectories.

Argentina: las aporías del neodesarrollismo Cantamutto, Francisco J.; Schorr, Martín El peronismo asumió la Presidencia de Argentina en medio de una crisis heredada, a la cual se sumó una crisis mundial. Ante ello, el gobierno neodesarrollista ha tomado como mandato ordenar la macroeconomía y destinar sus esfuerzos a maximizar la orientación exportadora de manera urgente. Al hacer esto, acepta la especialización productiva existente, basada en ventajas comparativas estáticas, y omite las consideraciones respecto de los actores concretos que la personifican, el rol del mercado interno, los impactos locales y las vías no comerciales por las cuales se fugan los recursos.

The age-impunity rhetoric in trials for crimes committed during the Argentinian genocide (1975-1983) Zylberman, Lior Alejandro; Taboada, Adriana Sonia Since the reopening of the trials for the crimes committed by the last military dictatorship, new aspects have emerged on the scene, one of them being the age-impunity rhetoric. In its visual dimension, we understand this rhetoric to mean the representation of the perpetrators that has been taking shape in recent years, enabling them to be exempted from guilt and responsibility for the crimes committed by virtue of their advanced age. We argue that the visual configures a certain aesthetic that provides a scaffolding for impunity and its naturalization. In order to enter into the construction of this representation, we will put in tension the pair seen-unseen through photographs and editorials in the written press.

Territorializar la interculturalidad: jóvenes, ciudad y migración en el Gran Buenos Aires, Argentina Hendel, Verónica El urbanismo y la arquitectura han tendido a naturalizar las relaciones sociales y de poder que dan forma a las territorialidades hegemónicas, invisibilizando, negando y/o alterizando otras formas de habitar, recorrer, percibir, sentir y producir la ciudad. En este escrito nos interesa pensar la ciudad como territorio, y problematizar sus lazos con la interculturalidad a partir de una experiencia etnográfica y un ejercicio cartográfico realizados junto con jóvenes que, en su mayoría, forman parte de familias migrantes y asisten a la escuela secundaria en el Gran Buenos Aires. Nos interesa situar la mirada en aquellos lugares que, al cartografiar, han vinculado a la interculturalidad porque entendemos que en ese ejercicio los jóvenes ponen en juego concepciones, sentidos y prácticas que van más allá de la mera enunciación, y se vinculan con procesos de identificación que se despliegan en el espacio urbano y disputan sus sentidos.; Urbanism and architecture have tended to naturalize the social and power relations that shape hegemonic territorialities, making invisible, denying and/or altering other ways of inhabiting, exploring, perceiving, feeling and producing the city. In this article, we are interested in thinking about the city as a territory, and problematizing its ties with interculturality, based on an ethnographic experience and a cartographic exercise carried out together with young people who are part of migrant families and attend secondary school in Greater Buenos Aires. We are interested in placing our gaze on those places that, when mapping, young people have linked to interculturality because we understand that in this exercise they put into play conceptions, meanings and practices that go beyond mere enunciation and are linked to identification processes that unfold in the urban space and dispute their meanings.

Proyecto intervención lumínica, de Ricardo Sica: poniendo el foco en el vacío; Light intervention project, by Ricardo Sica: putting the focus on emptiness Mauro, Karina Mariel La pandemia COVID19 ocasionó el cierre de las salas y la total parálisis de la actividad teatral. Los artistas implementaron entonces diversas estrategias, como continuar realizando funciones vía streaming. Ricardo Sica, en cambio, se trasladó a las salas, abrió los espacios e iluminó el vacío. Así nació el Proyecto Intervención Lumínica, que analizaremos en el presente artículo.; The COVID19-pandemic caused the closing of the theatres and total paralysis of the theatrical activity. Artists tried then different strategies, such as doing virtual performances. However, Ricardo Sica went to the theatres, opened the spaces and lighted up the emptiness. Thus was born Light Intervention Project, which we will analyze in this article.

El péndulo en números: un análisis cuantitativo de los vaivenes de la política económica en Argentina entre 1955 y 2018; The pendulum in numbers: a quantitative analysis of the ups and downs of economic policy in Argentina between 1955 and 2018 Arza, Valeria; Brau, Wendy La política económica argentina oscila entre dos extremos. La literatura así lo muestra a partir de narrativas históricas o mediante indicadores de volatilidad macroeconómica. En este trabajo presentamos por primera vez un marco metodológico para construir un indicador de orientación de la política económica. Construimos y compartimos tres bases de datos de frecuencia mensual para 1955-2018 de medidas de políticas, sus orientaciones y sus cambios. Encontramos que cada dos años, en promedio, la política económica cambia de rumbo, aunque los ciclos de duración se hacen más largos luego de 1990. Hubo 16 cambios dramáticos de orientación “ortodoxa” a “hetorodoxa”; 9 de ellos sucedieron dentro de un mismo mandato. De los meses analizados, 50,3% fueron de orientación “ortodoxa”, 41,3% de orientación “heterodoxa” y 8,4% de orientaciones “mixtas”. No hay una relación uniforme entre orientación de la política económica y signo político. Los gobiernos de todos los signos introdujeron políticas económicas similares en diferentes momentos históricos. Realizamos ejercicios de asociación con variables de la economía real que confirman la robustez de nuestros indicadores y disparan la discusión para futuras líneas de indagación.; Argentine economic policy oscillates between two extremes. The literature has shown this both in historical narratives and through indicators of macroeconomic volatility. In this paper we present for the first time a methodological framework to construct an indicator of economic policy orientation. We build and share three monthly frequency databases of policy measures, their orientations and their changes for the period 1955-2018. We find that every two years, on average, economic policy changes its orientation, although the cycle length is longer after 1990. There were 16 dramatic changes from 'orthodox' to 'hetorodox' orientation; 9 of them within the same mandate. 50.3% of the months we analyzed were of 'orthodox' orientation, 41.3% of 'heterodox' orientation and 8.4% of 'mixed' orientation. There is no uniform relationship between economic policy orientation and political sign. Governments of all signs introduced similar economic policies at different times in history. We perform association exercises with real economy variables that confirm the robustness of our indicators and trigger the discussion for future lines of inquiry.

Configuraciones de masculinidades en la serie televisiva Hermanos y Detectives (Argentina, 2006); Configurations of masculinities in the television show Hermanos y Detectives (Argentina, 2006) Maltz, Hernán Joel; Guevara, Martina; Moneta, Leticia Nos interesamos por las confi guraciones de masculinidades en la serie televisiva Hermanos y Detectives (2006), con idea original de Patricio Vega y dirigida por Damián Szifron. En primer lugar, contextualizamos la presencia de la serie en la televisión argentina de fi nes del siglo XX y comienzos del XXI, en que el género policial se manifi esta de manera signifi cativa en una variedad de programas. En segundo lugar, analizamos la confi guración de las masculinidades en dos ámbitos distinguibles de Hermanos y Detectives: el laboral (con la centralidad de la institución policial) y el personal (con énfasis en la convivencia entre los protagonistas). En las conclusiones, destacamos que, si bien la serie contiene una indudable crítica a los modelos dominantes de masculinidad, asimismo reproduce dicha lógica.; We are interested in the configurations of masculinities in the TV show Hermanos y Detectives (2006), devised by Patricio Vega and directed by Damián Szifron. First, we provide a context for the shows presence on Argentine television at the end of the 20th century and the beginning of the 21st, in which crime fiction genre appears significantly in a variety of programmes. Secondly, we analyze the configuration of masculinities in two distinguishable areas of Hermanos y Detectives: work (with the police institution on the forefront) and private life (with an emphasis on the cohabitation of the protagonists). In the conclusions, we emphasize that, although the television show undoubtedly criticizes the dominant models of masculinity, it reproduces that logic at the same time.

Diversity of ground-dwelling ants across three severely threatened South American subtropical forests: are diversity patterns influenced by spatial or climatic variables? Calcaterra, Luis Alberto; Chifflet, Lucila; Cuezzo, Fabiana del Carmen; Sánchez Restrepo, Andrés Fernando Understanding the spatial distribution of species sheds light on the biogeographical history, offers clues to the drivers of biodiversity and helps guide conservation strategies. In southern South America, Andean, Chaco and Atlantic forests drastically decreased their coverage in the last decades mainly by changes in land use. Ants represent an excellent model for macro-ecological studies that support evidence-based management policies. Unfortunately, little is known about ant distribution, diversity patterns and drivers in the southernmost portion of these three biomes. We surveyed ground-dwelling ants using baits and leaf-litter sieves in 38 sites across these subtropical forests in Argentina. We analysed ant species richness, turnover and composition within and between forests, and whether spatial and climatic variables explain diversity patterns. We collected 161 species belonging to 38 genera. The Atlantic forest had the highest cumulative species richness (91 species), followed by the Chaco (60) and Andean (52) forests. Neither mean species richness nor beta diversity differed significantly between forests, though both indicators tended to increase from west to east. Seven spatial and climatic variables differentiated forests. Aridity index, and variables associated with seasonal rainfall, moderately influenced a tendency to increase species richness from west to east. We identified five shared species between the Andean and Atlantic forests, which are candidates to test biogeographic hypotheses. The high level of species replacement across and among forests resulted in unique assemblages (with at least 29 species that seem to be exclusive to one forest), indicating the importance of conserving the biodiversity of the three forests.

Robert Cox, los neogramscianos y el regionalismo post-hegemónico en Sudamérica: una revisión crítica de la literatura sobre el proyecto regional de Brasil y la hegemonía (2003-2016); Robert Cox, neo-Gramscians and posthegemonic regionalism in South America: a critical review of the literature on the Brazilian regional project and hegemony (2003-2016) Clemente, Dario A los cuarenta años de la primera publicación de Social Forces, States and World Orders: Beyond International Relations Theory, nos encontramos en un momento por demás oportuno para celebrar el legado de Robert Cox. Al mismo tiempo, recuperar sus aportes en torno a la conceptualización de la hegemonía permite analizar, en una perspectiva multiescalar, la emergencia de la dimensión regional como un componente fundamental de los órdenes mundiales en la etapa actual de la globalización. Así, en este artículo partimos de las formulaciones de Cox y de las innovaciones de varios autores “neogramscianos” para abordar el debate sobre la fase reciente de “regionalismo post-hegemónico” en Sudamérica, el despliegue del proyecto regional de Brasil y su posterior pérdida de gravitación. Argumentamos que una revisión crítica de la literatura a la luz de los postulados coxianos permite avanzar la hipótesis que el fracaso de Brasil para establecer una dominación legítima y consensuada en Sudamérica en la fase 2003-2016 haya redundado en un orden regional no consensual y no hegemónico donde la ausencia de una hegemonía específica se ha acompañado de la copresencia de varios proyectos ordenadores con aspiraciones hegemónicas.; t Fourty years after the first publication of “Social Forces, States and World Orders: Beyond International Relations Theory”, this is an opportune moment to celebrate the legacy of Robert Cox. At the same time, recovering his contributions about the conceptualization of hegemony allows us to analyse in a “multiscale” perspective the emergence of the regional dimension as a fundamental component of world orders in the current stage of globalization. Thus, in this article we draw on Cox’s intuitions and on the innovations of several “neo-Gramscian” authors to address the debate on the recent phase of “post-hegemonic regionalism” in South America, the unfolding of the Brazilian regional project and its subsequent fading. We argue that a critical review of the literature in the light of Coxian postulates enables the hypothesis that the failure to establish a legitimate and consensual domination in South America by Brazil in the 2003-2016 phase has resulted in a non-consensual and non-hegemonic regional order where the absence of a specific hegemony has been accompanied by the conflicting coexistence of different projects for the region with hegemonic aspirations.

New South American record of the Cretaceous–Paleogene boundary interval (La Colonia Formation, Patagonia, Argentina) Clyde, W. C.; Krause, Javier Marcelo; de Benedetti, Facundo; Ramezani, Jahandar; Cúneo, Néstor Rubén; Gandolfo, Maria Alejandra; Haber, P.; Whelan, C.; Smith, T. The La Colonia Formation is an Upper Cretaceous to Paleogene shallow marine sedimentary unit in Chubut Province (Patagonia), Argentina that preserves important vertebrate and plant fossils. Despite good exposures and significant paleontological investigation, the precise age of the La Colonia Formation and its stratigraphic relationship to the Cretaceous–Paleogene (K–Pg) boundary are not well understood. The K-Pg boundary is associated with one of the largest mass extinctions in Earth's history yet there are few continental stratigraphic records of the boundary in South America, resulting in poor understanding of its effects there. This study combines magnetostratigraphy, detrital zircon uranium–lead (U–Pb) geochronology, and preliminary palynological results to constrain the age of the La Colonia Formation and its fossils more precisely and determine whether it preserves the K–Pg boundary. U–Pb ages of detrital zircons from the directly underlying Puntudo Chico Formation indicate that the base of the La Colonia Formation is younger than ~71.7 Ma. The studied palynological assemblage includes Quadraplanus brossus, which is restricted to the Maastrichtian in other southern hemisphere records. Paleomagnetic results show that the ~125 m Cerro Buitre Norte section of the La Colonia Formation and the overlying Cerro Bororó Formation has dominantly normal polarity except for a ~5 m zone of reversed polarity near the base that is interpreted to correlate to Chron C30R of the Geomagnetic Polarity Timescale (GPTS), and a ~13 m zone of reversed polarity near the top of the La Colonia Formation that is interpreted to correlate to Chron C29R. The presence of a magnetozone correlated to C29R in the La Colonia Formation suggests that it preserves the K–Pg boundary, making it an important target for continued paleontological collection to better understand the K–Pg extinction and recovery dynamics in South America.

Late Pleistocene subglacial fissure-related volcanism at Caviahue-Copahue Volcanic Complex (37° 51° S, 71° 05’ W), South Volcanic Zone Sruoga, Patricia; Yamin, Marcela Gladys; Corvalán, Marina; Kaufman, Johanna; Elissondo, Manuela; Olivera Craig, Victoria; Badi, Gabriela Badi; García, Sebastian The Caviahue-Copahue Volcanic Complex (CCVC, 37° 51’ S-71° 05′ W) is located in the central segment of the South Volcanic Zone, ~30 km eastward from the main Andean volcanic arc. Within a complex tectonic setting, it has developed under the influence of the northern transtensional Liquiñe-Ofqui Fault Zone, to the south and the Copahue-Antiñir Fault Zone to the northeast. The onset of volcanic activity within Caviahue volcano-tectonic depression has been dated at Ar/Ar 125 ± 9 ka and it is represented by lava flows and ignimbrites of Las Mellizas Formation. Copahue volcano has a very well documented historical eruptive record, encompassing 13 eruptive cycles in the last 260 years. On the contrary, volcano stratigraphy during Late Pleistocene and pre-historic times is poorly constrained, mainly due to the lack of reliable radiometric data. Based on the peculiar morphology and cooling-fracture systems, lavas that crop out along Dulce, Jara and NE Agrio river valleys have been included in a new stratigraphic unit, here named as Río Dulce Formation. A subglacial emplacement is proposed taking into account the evidence of ice-confinement, provided by the flat-topped and steep-sided lava domes/flows and dammed lava flows. In addition, melt water-magma interaction is supported by conspicuous fine columnar-jointing and closely spaced curved bands with plumose structures, well-developed pseudopillow fracture systems, platy and hackly fractures and cube-jointed entablature-bearing lava flows. The basaltic andesites (SiO2= 55–57%) are porphyritic, with ~30–40% of sieved plagioclase, two pyroxenes and olivine, set in a glassy groundmass. Lava vent distribution and primary anisotropy planes orientation, in coincidence with WNW-ESE and NE-SW trending faults, lineaments and fault scarps, document a first-order structural control on the volcanic emplacement. Although undated, this study can contribute to understanding the timing of glacial fluctuations during Late Pleistocene. Furthermore, it has implications on hazard assessment since it highlights that the evolution of the CCVC has experienced alternating fissure and central eruptive style, likely related to the dynamics of the magma-plumbing system, as suggested by geophysical evidence of unrest.

A biologically-inspired mesh optimizer based on pseudo-material remodeling Biocca, Nicolás; Blanco, Pablo Javier; Caballero, Daniel; Gimenez, Juan Manuel; Carr, Gustavo Eduardo; Urquiza, Santiago Adrian Moving boundaries and interfaces are commonly encountered in fluid flow simulations. For instance, fluid-structure interaction simulations require the formulation of the problem in moving domains, making the mesh distortion an issue of concern towards ensuring the accuracy of numerical model predictions. In this work, we propose a technique for the simultaneous mesh optimization and motion characterization. The mesh optimization/motion method introduced here is inspired by the mechanobiology of soft tissues, particularly those present in arterial walls, which feature an incredible capability to adapt to altered mechanical stimuli through adaptive mechanisms such as growth and remodeling. The proposed approach is in the framework of a low-distortion mesh moving method that is based on fiber-reinforced hyperelasticity and optimized zero-stress state. We adopt different reference configurations for the different constituents, namely ground substance and fibers. Hypothetical reference configurations are postulated for the different pieces of pseudo-material (the elements) as target shapes. Also, we modify the equilibrium equations using a volume-invariant strategy. Through the introduction of growth and remodeling adaptive processes we build an optimization algorithm which can attain an optimal configuration through a series of consecutive nonlinear optimizations steps. The remodeling mechanism allows to adapt the fiber deposition orientations, which become the driving force towards an homeostatic state, that is the optimal configuration. Also, a recruitment mechanism is introduced to selectively deal with initial highly distorted elements where high stresses develop due to the departure from the ideal configuration. We report 2D and 3D numerical experiments to show the application of this biologically-inspired mesh optimizer (BIMO) to simplicial finite element meshes. We also present additional numerical tests using BIMO as a mesh moving method. The results show that the proposed method performs satisfactorily, either as mesh optimizer and/or mesh motion strategy.

Crop residues used as food drive enzyme activation and enzymatic stoichiometry in casts of the earthworm Aporrectodea caliginosa (Savigny, 1826) Domínguez, Anahí; Gabbarini, Luciano Andres; Rodriguez, Maria Pia; Escudero, Héctor Javier; Wall, Luis Gabriel; Bedano, José Camilo Earthworms are drivers of soil processes as soil structure formation and organic mattercycling. Through providing soil microbiota with mucus, temperature, and organicresources within their guts, earthworms enhance their activity and organic matterdecomposition. In agricultural fields, this phenomenon is linked to crop residues astrophic resources. However, very little is known about the effect of different croprotations on soil microbiota activation mediated by earthworm activity. We aimed toevaluate the effect of diversifying crop rotation on enzymatic activity in A. caliginosacasts and on enzymatic stoichiometry patterns related to C, N, and P acquisitionactivities. We conducted a microcosm essay using different crop residues as foodsupply: soybean (S), soybean and maize (SM), vetch, maize, and soybean (VMS), andwith no residue addition (NR). We measured α-glucosidase (AGLU), β-glucosidase(BGLU), cellobiohydrolase (CEL), N-acetyl-glucosaminidase (NAG),phosmonoesterase (PME), and acetylesterase (ACE) activity in A. caliginosa castsimmediately before starting the essay for evaluating the initial condition (IC) and afterthe essay in each residue treatment. SM and VMS residues enhanced BGLU, CEL,and NAG activity regarding S, NR, and IC treatments. S had similar or lower activitythan NR and IC for all the analyzed enzymes. There was a positive, strong, andsignificant relation among C, N, and P acquiring enzymes regardless of the treatment.We found lower ratios for C and N acquisition related to P acquisition than for C: Nacquisition activity ratios. This result suggests P as the limiting nutrient for earthwormmicrobiomes. Our results indicate that soybean residue is unsuitable for A. caliginosafood requirements and that both diversified crop residues enhance enzymatic activitymediated by earthworms and thus organic matter decomposition. We suggestdifferential activation and likely changes in microbiota composition as mechanismsresponsible for higher enzymatic activation when earthworms were fed withheterogeneous residues.

Digestive proteinases from marine fish processing wastes of Southwest Atlantic Ocean: their partial characterization and comparison Friedman, Ivana Soledad; Behrens, Leonel Agustín; Pereira, Nair de Los Angeles; Contreras, Edgardo Martin; Fernandez Gimenez, Analia Veronica Fish processing generates plenty of waste that is directly discarded on open-air dumpsand water sources, or treated in the same way as urban solid waste causing seriouspollution problems. The waste represents a significant source of high-value bioproductswith potential applications in different industrial processes such as the production of feed,fertilizers, biodiesel and biogas, detergent additives and cosmetics. The objective of thisstudy was to characterize and to compare specific activities under different pH values andtemperature conditions of acid and alkaline proteinases and viscera yield from thefollowing fish species: Argentine hake Merluccius hubbsi, Brazilian flathead Percophisbrasiliensis, Brazilian codling Urophycis brasiliensis, and Stripped weakfish Cynoscionguatucupa. Individuals were fished off the coast of Mar del Plata (Argentina) by acommercial fleet and the viscera were immediately extracted and kept on ice until use.Stomach proteinases from four species had the highest activity at pH 2, with stability inthe range of pH 2-4. The optimum pH was 11.5 from intestinal enzymes of C. guatucupa,M. hubbsi and P. brasiliensis and 9.5 from intestinal enzymes of U. brasiliensis. Alkalineproteinases from all species were highly stable in the range of 7-11.5. The optimumtemperature of stomach proteinases from the four species studied were 30 °C and 50 °C,with stability at 10 °C and 30 °C during 150 min. The optimum temperature of intestinalenzymes from the tested species were 50 °C with high stability at 10 °C and 30 °C during150 min. Alkaline proteinase from all species and acid proteinases from C. guatucupawere inactive at 70 ºC after 150 min; while there was a residual activity lower than 5 %at 80 °C on pre-incubated stomach enzymes of M.hubbsi, P. brasiliensis and U.brasiliensis after 5, 10 and 20 minutes, respectively. Digestive proteinases recovered inthis study could be appropriate for technological usage, reducing manufacturing costs,obtaining revenue from fishery wastes, and contributing to the reduction of environmental pollution.

Evidencing microbial communication through Quorum Sensing systems in the environment: a practical approach for undergraduate students Torres, Mariela Analía; Lacosegliaz, Mariano José; Viola, Carolina Maria; Pajot, Hipolito Fernando; Nieto Peñalver, Carlos Gabriel In the environment, communication among microorganisms is a key aspect of their lives. Through communication, single cells of a microbial population can coordinate their gene expression and, in consequence, their physiology. Quorum sensing systems (QS) are one of these mechanisms that allow this communication through the production and detection of signal molecules whose concentration is related to the density of the signaling cells. In several Gram-negative bacteria, these QS signals belongs to the N-acyl homoserine lactone (AHL) family, which can be detected in the laboratory by means of simple bioassays. In this report, we present for undergraduate students a detailed protocol that allows to evidence QS activity in environmental samples. First, with a selective culture medium, Gram-negative bacteria are isolated from samples provided by the students. Then, isolates are screened with two biosensor strains for the detection of AHL production. Positive results are visualized by the induction of violacein production in the biosensors. These experiments evidence the presence of communicating microorganisms in the analyzed samples. This simple protocol allows the students to analyze a particular microbial activity in samples provided by them, which enhance their learning experiences.

A new mammalian assemblage for Guanaco Formation (northwestern Argentina), and the description of a new genus of New World porcupine Ercoli, Marcos Darío; Alvarez, Alicia; Verzi, Diego Hector; Villalba Ulberich, Juan Pablo; Quiñones, Sofía Inés; Constantini, Ornela Estefania; Zurita, Alfredo Eduardo The Guanaco Formation (Orán Group) is one of the Neogene units outcropping in the Subandean region of northwestern Argentina. The fossil assemblage from the middle section was studied in a few contributions. Here we present new remains for the middle section (~6.3 Ma) and the first records for the upper section (<5.7 Ma) of this unit, collected in the Río Chico locality of Jujuy Province. The remains from the middle section include very well-preserved cranium, cephalic armor, and part of the carapace of a small glyptodontid assigned to Cranithlastus xibiensis, representing the second specimen known for the species. The remains from upper section represent the youngest mammalian association known for the Guanaco Formation, and include fragmentary remains of five caviomorph rodent taxa, including Lagostomus sp., Caviinae indet., Caviodon sp., Octodontoidea indet., the latter three representing new taxa for the unit. The fifth taxon of the upper section corresponds to a new genus and species of porcupine (Erethizontidae), represented by a fragment of left maxilla with DP4-M1. This and other recent paleontological studies, together with sedimentological and geochronological data of Guanaco Formation, are contributing to the knowledge of the past diversity of the area, and the faunistic and environmental evolution of the Central Andes ecoregions in northwestern Argentina. The preliminary characterization of the youngest faunistic association reveals the presence of forest-dweller taxa with conservative occlusal and postcranial morphologies, concurs with the context of local and regional progressive break-up of basins, increasing of moisture supply, and development of powerful streams related to a stepper slopes landscape. The evidence supports forested foothill environments, including subtropical components, for the upper levels of the Guanaco Formation, giving clues regarding to the tempo and mode in which Chacoan-like communities were replaced by subtropical mountain rain forests communities of Yungas.

Construcción de una carta arqueológica de la localidad arqueológica Punta Medanosa (Patagonia argentina) mediante herramientas SIG; Construction of an archaeological map of Punta Medanosa archaeological locality (argentine Patagonia) using GIS tools Zubimendi, Miguel Angel En este trabajo se presenta una sistematización de datos georreferenciados obtenidos a lo largo de 30 años de estudios en la localidad arqueológica Punta Medanosa (Provincia de Santa Cruz, Patagonia Argentina). A partir del ordenamiento de la información generada en distintos momentos y con diferentes objetivos dentro de un mismo proyecto de investigación, se pretende dar cuenta de las características y la riqueza arqueológica de esta localidad, que se destaca dentro de la costa patagónica continental por su extensión y alta densidad de contextos arqueológicos, en especial concheros y diferentes modalidades de entierro a lo largo del Holoceno medio y tardío. Se empleó Sistemas de Información Geográfica y se presenta una carta arqueológica, como producto que puede ser empleado no sólo para el análisis académico, sino también para la gestión del patrimonio arqueológico, dado que presenta un creciente grado de alteración antrópica en los últimos años.; In this paper we present a systematization of georeferenced data obtained over 30 years of studies in the archaeological locality of Punta Medanosa, located on the north coast of Santa Cruz (Argentine Patagonia). This locality has a great quantity of shell middens and different burial modalities of middle and late Holocene. From the organization of information generated at different times and with different objectives within the same research project, it is intended to account for the characteristics and archaeological richness of Punta Medanosa, which stands out within the continental Patagonian coast for its extension and high density of archaeological sites. In this way, a database was created using Geographic Information Systems in which, the existing data were entered, considering the variability of archaeological and contemporary contexts, and a series of archaeological charts and thematic cartographies are presented. We hope that these products can be used for the analysis and management of the archaeological heritage of this locality, especially considering the high degree of anthropic alteration that is suffering.

Los estudios del metal (metal studies) en Argentina: un posible estado del arte; Estudos de metal na Argentina: um possível estado da arte; Metal Studies in Argentina: A Potential State of the Art Calvo, Manuela Belén; Pascuchelli, Maria Natalia; Vidal Vargas, Pablo El objetivo del artículo es realizar un balance de las producciones académicas en torno a la música metal en Argentina, las cuales ganaron visibilidad como campo de estudio a partir de 2013. En primer lugar, se realiza un recorrido histórico que describe el nacimiento de dicho campo en sus diferentes escalas geográficas, es decir, tanto a nivel global y latinoamericano como argentino. Luego, se propone una serie de fortalezas y debilidades vinculadas especialmente con la sistematización metodológica de las investigaciones. Frente a ello, se plantean algunos desafíos, tales como la necesidad de generar conocimientos situados que permitan mayor vigilancia crítica con respecto al objeto estudiado y la posibilidad de integrar saberes individuales y colectivos que provienen de las propias experiencias dentro de la escena metalera.; O artigo faz um balanço sobre as produções acadêmicas em torno da música metal na Argentina, que ganharam visibilidade como campo de estudo a partir de 2013. Em primeiro lugar é feita uma descrição cronológica do nascimento deste campo nas suas diferentes escalas geográficas: globalmente, na América Latina e na Argentina. Em segundo lugar, são propostos uma série de pontos fortes e fracos, especialmente ligados à sistematização metodológica das pesquisas. Perante o exposto, surgem alguns desafios como a necessidade de gerar conhecimentos situados que permitam maior vigilância crítica em relação ao objeto estudado e a possibilidade de integração de conhecimentos individuais e coletivos de suas próprias experiências dentro da cena do metal.; The article reviews the academic productions about metal music in Argentina, which have gained visibility as a study field since 2013. First, it chronologically describes the birth of this field in its different geographical stages, that is, both globally and in Latin America as well as in Argentina. Then, it proposes a series of strengths and weaknesses, especially linked to the methodological systematization of the research. Thus, some challenges are posed, such as the need to generate situated knowledge that allows greater critical vigilance regarding the object studied and the possibility of integrating individual and collective knowledge from the metal music scene’s own experiences.

Producción alternativa del hábitat en el barrio Movediza, Tandil: Nuevas estrategias de acceso al suelo urbano y a la vivienda; Alternative habitat production in the Movediza neighborhood, Tandil: New strategies for access to urban land and housing Migueltorena, Alejandro En la primera década del siglo XXI, en la ciudad de Tandil se registró un importante crecimiento de la industria de la construcción y de la actividad inmobiliaria, que derivó en una mayor diversificación de los proyectos urbanísticos destinados a los usos residenciales y recreativos. Este proceso estuvo acompañado por una consolidación de los inmuebles como bienes financieros, que promovió movimientos especulativos y generó mayores limitaciones para que la población trabajadora acceda a una vivienda digna. Si bien este es un fenómeno que no se limita sólo al ámbito local, determinadas características de Tandil incidieron para que el auge inmobiliario adquiriera una mayor intensidad que en otras ciudades de la región. En este contexto, surgieron nuevas estrategias de producción de suelo, vivienda e infraestructura urbana, que no eran usuales en la ciudad y que fueron desarrolladas por diferentes actores sociales excluidos del mercado inmobiliario formal, entre los que se incluyeron desde trabajadores asalariados hasta grupos sociales en situación de extrema vulnerabilidad. Estas experiencias se concentraron en algunos lugares específicos del ejido urbano, siendo el barrio Movediza uno de los más destacados. El objetivo de este trabajo consiste en analizar la diversificación de formas de producción del hábitat que se han desarrollado en este barrio de la ciudad de Tandil, en las últimas dos décadas, identificando las nuevas relaciones que se generaron entre la lógica mercantil, la lógica pública y la de las necesidades sociales. Para ello se realizaron entrevistas en profundidad a referentes de las organizaciones y a informantes clave. También se utilizaron datos brindados por la Secretaría de Desarrollo Social del Municipio.; In the first decade of the 21st century, in the city of Tandil there was a significant growth in the construction industry and real estate activity, which led to a greater diversification of urban projects for residential and recreational uses. This process was accompanied by a consolidation of real estate as financial assets, which promoted speculative movements and created greater limitations for the working population to access decent housing. Although this is a phenomenon that is not limited only to the local level, certain characteristics of Tandil influenced the real estate boom to acquire a greater intensity than in other cities in the region. In this context, new strategies for the production of land, housing and urban infrastructure emerged, which were not usual in the city and which were developed by different social actors excluded from the formal real estate market, including from salaried workers to social groups in extremely vulnerable situation. These experiences were concentrated in some specific places in the urban ejido, with the Movediza neighborhood being one of the most prominent. The objective of this work is to analyze the diversification of habitat production forms that have developed in this neighborhood of the city of Tandil, in the last two decades, identifying the new relationships that were generated between the commercial logic, the public logic and that of social needs. To do this, in-depth interviews were conducted with organizations' referents and key informants. Data provided by the Municipality's Department of Social Development were also used.