Pregoneros de la doctrina: prácticas de identificación y sentidos de la acción entre los alumnos provincianos de la Escuela Superior Peronista (1952-1955); Heralds of the doctrine: practices of identification and meanings of action among provincial students of the Escuela Superior Peronista (1952-1955) Garzón Rogé, Mariana El artículo sigue los rastros de alumnos del interior del país que viajaron a Buenos Aires para asistir a los cursos de capacitación de la Escuela Superior Peronista. Estos activistas presentaron sus postulaciones en 1952 y, después de egresar de los cursos que se realizaron en 1953, volvieron a sus lugares de origen en donde se propusieron, entre 1954 y 1955, organizar las regionales locales. A través del análisis de sus legajos personales, se ponen en evidencia modos en los que estos activistas a ras del suelo desplegaban sus prácticas de identificación, produciendo en situación su condición de peronistas, en diálogo con críticas y pruebas a las que se consideraban sometidos. El seguimiento de los actores permite describir, asimismo, procesos de gestación desde debajo de formas legítimas e ilegítimas de actuar al interior del movimiento que a menudo han sido observadas como resultado de un disciplinamiento político cenital.; The article follows the traces of students from the interior of the country who traveled to Buenos Aires to attend the training courses of the Escuela Superior Peronista. These activists submitted their applications in 1952 and, after graduating from the courses held in 1953, returned to their places of origin where they tried to organize, between 1954 and 1955, the local regional ones. Through the analysis of their personal files, the ways in which these activists at ground level deployed their identification practices become evident. They produced in situation their condition of Peronists, in dialogue with criticisms and proofs to which they considered themselves subjected. The tracking of the actors also permits to describe processes of genesis from below of legitimate and illegitimate ways of behaving within the movement that have often been observed as the result of a zenithal political discipline.

Transformative governance for linking forest and landscape restoration to human well-being in Latin America Aguiar, Sebastián; Mastrangelo, Matias Enrique; Brancalion, Pedro H.S.; Meli, Paula Tree planting and reforestation are currently in the spotlight as strategies for solving global environmental degradation. Many ongoing large-scale initiatives have proposed restoring millions of hectares and planting a trillion trees to solve climate change and biodiversity loss. Forest and landscape restoration (FLR) is one of the approaches most frequently employed to support these initiatives. Currently, many FLR initiatives are implemented in developing countries through a top-down approach, not fully anchored to the social-ecological characteristics of landscapes (e.g. land use and tenure, values of local peoples, local livelihoods), and sometimes relegating human well-being to a secondary concern. Therefore, issues of social equity and legitimacy might hamper the effectiveness of FLR initiatives and projects regarding their environmental outcomes. In this perspective article, we present four challenges to better link FLR and human well-being in Latin America: (1) the high dependence of local communities and countries’ economies on natural resources, (2) conflicts over land tenure and access, (3) divergence in perceptions and values, and (4) the fragility of public institutions and policies. After describing these interrelated challenges, we discuss how to tackle them by implementing instruments and approaches recently organized under the concept of transformative governance. Finding an equitable and legitimate balance between global interests and urgency and increasing local well-being is the main challenge of FLR in Latin America, for which transformative governance is critical.

Interpretar el sufrimiento: Walter Benjamin, Theodor W. Adorno y la cuestión de la verdad; Interpret suffering: Walter Benjamin, Theodor Adorno and the question of truth Moreno, María Rita Este artículo postula que la criticidad de la epistemología elaborada por Walter Benjamin y Theodor W. Adorno se fundamenta no tanto en la reformulación de una praxis filosófica contra la razón moderna, sino principalmente en la metamorfosis del concepto de verdad. En concreto, se afirma que la crítica de la razón moderna efectuada por ambos pensadores se asocia a la determinación del núcleo temporal de la verdad como negatividad y duelo. En el contexto de una crisis racional, Benjamin y Adorno abren la posibilidad de una vinculación con la objetividad en la forma de una interpretación crítica de ese núcleo temporal. Ésta, vinculada con la dialéctica de la catástrofe moderna, se ocupa de exponer los fragmentos producidos por la super-determinación subjetivista regida por la lógica de la identidad. Para justificar esto, en primer lugar, explicamos la identificación realizada por ambos filósofos entre núcleo temporal de la verdad y el concepto de verdad luctuoso-negativa; imbricación que procura condensar las consecuencias de la constitución subjetivista de la razón. Luego, señalamos la conjugación de esa definición de la verdad con la producción del sufrimiento. A continuación, determinamos en qué sentido la negatividad de la verdad abre el carácter dialéctico de la catástrofe moderna. Por último, indicamos la necesaria asociación de semejante epistemología crítica a la apocatástasis histórica.; This article postulates that the criticality of epistemology elaborated by Walter Benjamin and Theodor W. Adorno is based not so much on the reformulation of a philosophical praxis against modern reason, but mainly on the metamorphosis of the concept of truth. Specifically, it is affirmed that the critique of modern reason carried out by both thinkers is associated with the determination of the temporal nucleus of truth as negativity and mourning. In the context of a rational crisis, Benjamin and Adorno open the possibility of a relationship with objectivity in the form of a critical interpretation of that temporal nucleus. This, linked to the dialectic of modern catastrophe, deals with exposing the fragments produced by the subjectivist super-determination governed by the logic of identity. To justify this, first, we explain the identification made by both philosophers between the temporal nucleus of truth and the concept of sad-negative truth; imbrication that tries to condense the consequences of the subjectivist constitution of reason. Then, we point out the conjugation of this definition of truth with the production of suffering. Next, we determine in what sense the negativity of the truth opens up the dialectical character of the modern catastrophe. Finally, we indicate the necessary association of such a critical epistemology with the historical apocatastasis.

“Una nueva clase dirigente”. Los intendentes bonaerenses durante el Proceso de Reorganización Nacional en Argentina; “A New Ruling Class”. The mayors of Buenos Aires Province during the National Reorganization Process in Argentina Canelo, Paula Vera; Kryskowski, Juan Pablo El artículo estudia el reclutamiento de los intendentes municipales de la provincia de Buenos Aires durante la última dictadura cívico-militar argentina (1976-1983). Para ello, analiza empíricamente el perfil de los 406 intendentes que gobernaron los 125 municipios bonaerenses entre el 24 de marzo de 1976 y el 10 de diciembre de 1983, construyendo una base de datos original con fuentes variadas (el Boletín Oficial provincial, documentos reservados, prensa local y nacional, entrevistas, etc.). El trabajo muestra que i) esta elite política bonaerense tuvo características distintivas determinadas por los objetivos políticos y represivos más amplios de la dictadura; ii) durante una primera etapa predominaron los intendentes militares en los municipios considerados prioritarios desde el punto de vista represivo (densamente poblados, industriales, sede de importantes establecimientos educativos y/o dependencias militares); iii) su perfil fue similar al de otras elites políticas contemporáneas: masculino, vinculado con profesiones liberales y ocupaciones propias de los notables locales, y afiliación partidaria propia de la ?dirigencia civil compatible?; iv) atributos como la procedencia civil, las ocupaciones agropecuarias, el ejercicio del cargo en el interior provincial y la experiencia de gestión previa favorecieron la estabilidad de las carreras políticas; y v) finalmente, que a pesar de que la creación de una nueva clase dirigente fue un objetivo clave de la dictadura, sólo unos pocos intendentes bonaerenses se perpetuaron en democracia.; This article describes the recruitment process of Buenos Aires province mayors during the last military dictatorship in Argentina. The profile of the 406 mayors that ruled over 125 towns in the province between March 24 1976 and December 10 1983 is empirically analyzed. This research led to the creation of an original database, which draws from a variety of sources (“Boletin Oficial Provincial”, classified documents, local and national press, interviews). The inquiry led to the following findings: i) this political elite had distinctive features, linked to the wider political and repressive goals of the dictatorship; ii) In a first period a majority of military mayors were appointed in towns considered as a “priority” for repression(densely populated, industrial, seat of important educational institutions or military facilities); iii) the profile of most of these officials was similar to that of other contemporary elites: male, professional, engaged in occupations typical of local public figures and with party affiliations characteristic of “compatible civilian leadership”; iv) the stability of their political careers was favored by traits such as a civilian background, landownership, previous experience in provincial civil service and prior political experience; and v) although the creation of a new ruling class was among the primary goals of the dictatorship, only a few of the Buenos Aires province mayors were able to secure their political survival upon the return of democratic rule.

Global status of groundfish stocks Hilborn, Ray; Hively, Daniel J.; Baker Loke, Nicole; de Moor, Carryn L.; Kurota, Hiroyuki; Kathena, Johannes N.; Mace, Pamela M.; Minto, Cóilín; Parma, Ana María; Quiroz, Juan-Carlos; Melnychuk, Michael C. We review the status of groundfish stocks using published scientific assessments for 349 individual stocks constituting 90% of global groundfish catch. Overall, average stock abundance is increasing and is currently above the level that would produce maximum sustainable yield (MSY). Fishing pressure for cod-like fishes (Gadiformes) and flatfishes (Pleuronectiformes) was, for several decades, on average well above levels associated with MSY, but is now at or below the level expected to produce MSY. In contrast, fishing pressure for rockfishes (Scorpaeniformes) decreased from near MSY-related levels in the mid-1990s, and since the mid-2000s has remained on average at only one third of MSY-related levels. Regions with the most depressed groundfish stocks are the Northwest Atlantic and the Pacific coast of South America, while stocks from the Northeast and Eastern Central Pacific, Northeast Atlantic, Southeast Atlantic and Southwest Pacific tend to have greatest average abundance relative to MSY-based reference points. In the most recent year available for each stock, the catch was only 61% of MSY. Equilibrium yield curves indicate that 76% of global potential groundfish yield could be achieved using current estimates of fishing pressure. 15% of this is lost by excess fishing pressure, 67% results from lower than optimal fishing pressure on healthy stocks and 18% is lost from stocks currently overfished but rebuilding. Thus, there is modest opportunity to increase catch of global groundfish fisheries by reducing overfishing on some stocks, but more by increasing harvest on others. However, there may be other reasons not to fully exploit these stocks.

El ritual a San Hugo Chávez: solidaridad, efervescencia y reafirmación revolucionaria; The ritual of San Hugo Chávez: solidarity, effervescence and revolutionary reaffirmation Hernandez Pineda, Luis Alonso El artículo describe prácticas de sacralización en torno a la figura de Hugo Chávez, específicamente los hechos que se registran cada 5 de marzo, fecha en la que se conmemora la muerte del expresidente venezolano. Estas acciones se han visibilizado en una popular barriada caraqueña llamada 23 de enero, ubicada al oeste de la capital venezolana, sector en el que un grupo de vecinos construyó una capilla consagrada a San Hugo Chávez, convertida en epicentro del culto sagrado a este líder político. Partiendo de las posiciones teóricas de Catherine Bell sobre prácticas de ritualización y de Víctor Turner acerca del sentido de communitas, se analiza etnográficamente la ceremonia que se realizó en esta capilla en marzo de 2018, en la cual los participantes niegan la muerte y prefieren hablar de la “siembra del comandante eterno y supremo”, es decir, de las raíces profundas que, desde su perspectiva, siguen consolidando a la Revolución Bolivariana. Posteriormente, afirmo, cómo esta fiesta del cinco de marzo es al mismo tiempo, religiosa y política. Desde el punto de vista del culto, se reafirma la vivencia en donde Chávez es simultáneamente una figura suprahumana que opera en el mundo de los vivos y, a su vez, una figura humana que se rememora por sus actos políticos desarrollados como Jefe de Estado.; The article describes sacralization practices in relation to the image of Hugo Chavez, specifically the events that take place annually on March 5th, to commemorate the death of the Venezuelan ex-president, specially in a low income neighborhood in Caracas called “23 de Enero” located west of the Venezuelan capital. In this area of the city the residents built a chapel consecrated to Saint Hugo Chavez, this place became the epicenter of the sacred cult to this political leader. Based on the theoretical approach of Catherine Bell about ritualization practices, and Victor Turner´s notion communitas, the ceremony that took place in this chapel in March 2018 is analyzed based on ethnographic research. In this recent event its participants deny the death of this political leader, and they refer to “the sowing of the eternal and supreme commander”, which means that according to the practitioners the deep roots continue to consolidate the Bolivarian Revolution. Later on I examine how this celebration on March 5th is, at the same time, political and religious. From the cult perspective, the belief that Chavez is a superhuman figure reaffirmed the experience that he operates in the world of the living as a human figure that is remembered for his political actions as a chief of state.

La fabricación de un modelo de sujeto en comunidades terapéuticas de fuerte impronta religiosa; The fabrication of a subject model in religious therapeutic communities Güelman, Martin En este artículo analizo el proceso de construcción de un modelo de sujeto que tiene lugar en dos comunidades terapéuticas de fuerte impronta religiosa que pertenecen a redes internacionales y cuentan con sedes en el Área Metropolitana de Buenos Aires (Argentina). En particular, busco dar cuenta del modo en que ambas instituciones aspiran a fabricar un sujeto que se ciña a un modelo. En términos metodológicos, llevé a cabo una investigación enmarcada en el enfoque biográfico con orientación cualitativa. El material empírico analizado se compone de entrevistas biográficamente orientadas que realicé a ex residentes de las dos instituciones seleccionadas; entrevistas semi-estructuradas a directivos, responsables y residentes; notas de campo registradas a partir de observaciones participantes en diversas instancias institucionales; y materiales elaborados por los propios centros.; In this paper, I analyze the process of construction of a model of subject that takes place in two therapeutic communities with a strong religious mark that belong to international networks and have headquarters in the Metropolitan Area of Buenos Aires (Argentina). In particular, I seek to analyze how both institutions intend to “build” a subject that fits a model. In methodological terms, I conducted a qualitative research framed in the biographical method. The empirical data that I analyze is composed of biographically- oriented interviews with former residents of both institutions, semi-structured interviews with managers and residents, field notes from participant observations in diverse institutional activities and publications of both centers.

Cuerpo, deseo y capitalismo: a propósito de la clase obrera va al paraíso; Body, desire and capitalism: purpose of the working class goes to paradise Sicerone, Daniel Alberto El presente artículo aborda el filme «La clase obrera va al paraíso» dirigida por el cineasta italiano Elio Petri en el año 1971. Comprenderemos su emergencia dentro del contexto posterior a mayo del 68 y el agotamiento del Estado de Bienestar, contexto ceñido por ser la antesala de la re-estructuración capitalista de mediados de los setenta. El principal objetivo que deseamos exponer versa sobre la relación intrínseca entre las movilizaciones y sus reclamos (disociación de la crítica social de la crítica artista) con el nuevo imaginario social que se constituyó a partir de las re-estructuraciones capitalistas en el ámbito de la empresa y la superación del modelo fordista en favor de una producción centrada en procesos inmateriales. Por ello, la película de Petri manifiesta cómo el capital como principal relación social pre-diseña el mundo por venir a partir de la resolución de los conflictos obreros y sus demandas.; This article deals with the film "The working class goes to paradise" directed by the Italian filmmaker Elio Petri in 1971. We will understand its emergence within the context after May 68 and the exhaustion of the Welfare State, a context limited by being the prelude to the capitalist restructuring of the mid-1970s. The main hypothesis that we wish to verify is that there is an intrinsic relationship between the mobilizations and their demands (dissociation of social criticism from artist criticism) with the new social imaginary that was constituted from capitalist restructuring in the field of company and the overcoming of the Fordist model in favor of a production focused on immaterial processes. For this reason, Petri's film shows how capital as the main social relationship pre-designs the world to come from the resolution of workers' conflicts and their demands.

Very high fascioliasis intensities in schoolchildren from nile delta governorates, egypt: The old world highest burdens found in lowlands Periago, Maria Victoria; Adela Valero, M.; Artigas, Patricio; Agramunt, Verónica H.; Bargues, M. Dolores; Curtale, Filippo; Mas-Coma, Santiago Quantitative coprological analyses of children were performed in Alexandria and Behera governorates, Egypt, to ascertain whether individual intensities in the Nile Delta lowlands reach high levels as those known in hyperendemic highland areas of Latin America. Analyses focused on subjects presenting intensities higher than 400 eggs per gram of faeces (epg), the high burden cut-off according to WHO classification. A total of 96 children were found to shed between 408 and 2304 epg, with arithmetic and geometric means of 699.5 and 629.07 epg, respectively. Intensities found are the highest hitherto recorded in Egypt, and also in the whole Old World. A total of 38 (39.6%) were males and 58 (60.4%) were females, with high intensities according to gender following a negative binomial distribution. The high burden distribution shows a peak in the 7–10 year-old children group, more precocious in females than males. Results showed high burdens in winter to be remarkably higher than those known in summer. The fascioliasis scenario in Egyptian lowlands shows similarities to highlands of Bolivia and Peru. Diagnostic methods, pathogenicity and morbidity in high burdens should be considered. The need for an appropriate quantitative assessment of heavy infected children to avoid post-treatment colic episodes is highlighted.

Zinc porphyrin/mesoporous titania thin film electrodes: A hybrid material nanoarchitecture for photocatalytic reduction Caraballo, Rolando Manuel; Vensaus, Priscila; Herrera, Facundo; Soler Illia, Galo Juan de Avila Arturo; Hamer, Mariana In this work, photocatalytic reduction of methyl viologen is achieved using zinc tetra(4-N-methylpyridyl)porphine (ZnP) functionalized mesoporous titania thin films (MTTF). Metalloporphyrins are the core of natural systems that harvest energy from the sun. Thus, a bioinspired approach is used, taking advantage of ZnP sensitizing capabilities and MTTF organized structure.

¿Por qué importa la interseccionalidad en el trabajo judicial?: Anotaciones ius feministas; Why does intersectionality matter in judicial work?: Ius feminist annotations Lerussi, Romina Carla En las primeras dos décadas de este nuevo siglo hemos visto un progresivo interés por parte de las instituciones judiciales latinoamericanas en introducir enfoques interseccionales de derechos humanos en el trabajo judicial. Este interés se sitúa en el marco de la elaboración de documentos jurídicos internacionales que se han transformado en requisitos normativos más o menos vinculantes según el lugar. Y, a su vez, este interés tiene sus fuentes en la teoría y praxis colectiva de movimientos feministas, disidentes y de derechos humanos y en la propia dinámica de incidencia en la acción legislativa y en el sistema judicial. Esto ha traído aparejado una serie de problemas hermenéuticos de mayor o menor gravedad referidos a las categorías y a los enfoques de dichos instrumentos legales para pasar de la mera enunciación formal a transformarse en herramientas de trabajo e interpretación judicial. En el presente texto presento una serie de dilemas epistémicos que atraviesan a la categoría de interseccionalidad en el derecho como imposibilidad. Luego, repongo razones desde la teoría feminista del derecho para abrirla como posibilidad a partir de la categoría de experiencia interseccional de Crenshaw (1989). Finalmente, sitúo esta labor en el trabajo judicial en tres niveles que quizás pueden abonar a una justicia feminista interseccional, si es que esto fuera posible.; In the fi rst two decades of this new century, we have seen a progressive interest in judicial institutions of Latin America about introducing intersectional approaches and readings of human rights in judicial work. This interest is situated within the framework of the elaboration of international legal documents that have been transformed into binding normative requirements depending on the place. And, in turn, this interest has its sources in the collective action and theory of feminist, dissident and human rights movements and in the dynamics of incidence in legislative action and in the judicial system. This has brought with it a series of hermeneutical problems of greater or lesser severity referring to the categories and approaches to go from the mere formal enunciation to becoming tools of judicial work and interpretation. In this text I present a series of epistemic dilemmas that cross the category of intersectionality in law as an impossibility. Then, I argue from feminist theory of law to open it as a possibility based on the category of intersectional experience of Crenshaw (1989). Finally, I propose three levels of praxis in judicial work that contribute to an intersectional feminist justice if this would be possible.

Transitar la cárcel y la escuela: experiencias educativas y vida cotidiana de jóvenes y adultos en las prisiones de Santa Fe (Argentina); Go through jail and school: educational experiences and daily life of youth and adults in the prisons of Santa Fe (Argentina) Routier, Maria Eva En el presente escrito se exponen los principales hallazgos obtenidos en el marco de una investigación desarrollada durante los años 2015-2019 cuyo objetivo fue analizar, desde una perspectiva etnográfica relacional (Rockwell, 2009; Achilli, 2010), las experiencias educativas de jóvenes y adultos varones privados de su libertad en unidades penitenciarias de la provincia de Santa Fe, en relación al conjunto de las experiencias cotidianas vividas en la cárcel. Asimismo, la intención del escrito es objetivar, mediante algunas reflexiones, las características que asumió el proceso de investigación en el tránsito de la cárcel y la escuela, como etnógrafa y como una actriz que intervino en dicho contexto mediante la participación en el desarrollo de distintos espacios socio-educativos intramuros. Para cumplir con dichos objetivos en la primera parte expondré algunos de los presupuestos iniciales de la investigación vinculados con mi “doble” inscripción en los contextos abordados, enlazados a un contexto socio-político-académico particular; así como la construcción de las herramientas conceptuales y de ciertas decisiones metodológicas y particularidades del trabajo etnográfico, en las fronteras del espacio escolar y carcelario. En la segunda partes del escrito nos detendremos en la trama de la tesis, destacando los principales núcleos problemáticos que configuran el cuerpo general del trabajo y los aportes realizados.; In this paper, the main findings obtained in the framework of a research carried out during the years 2015-2019 are exposed, the objective of which was to analyze, from a relational ethnographic perspective (Rockwell, 2009; Achilli, 2010), the educational experiences of young people and adults men deprived of their liberty in penitentiary units in the province of Santa Fe, in relation to the set of daily experiences lived in prison. Likewise, the intention of the writing is to objectify, through some reflections, the characteristics that the research process assumed in the transit of the prison and the school, as an ethnographer and as an actress who intervened in said context by participating in the development of different intramural socio-educational spaces. To meet these objectives, in the first part, I will present some of the initial assumptions of the research related to my “double” enrollment in the contexts addressed, linked to a particular socio-political-academic context; as well as the construction of conceptual tools and certain methodological decisions and particularities of ethnographic work, on the borders of the school and prison space. In the second part of the writing we will stop at the plot of the thesis, highlighting the main problematic nuclei that make up the general body of the work and the contributions made.

Las convenciones interpretativas como control horizontal de la decisión judicial; Interpretative conventions as a way of horizontal control of judicial decision Arena, Federico José En este trabajo propongo conectar la discusión fi- losófica sobre la práctica judicial de identificación del derecho con el problema del control de la acti- vidad judicial. Por control de la actividad judicial me refiero a la verificación de la corrección jurídica de las decisiones de jueces y juezas en sus sentencias acerca de la existencia y el contenido del derecho. Procuraré mostrar que, además de formas de control vertical, existe la posibilidad de un tipo de control horizontal apoyado en la estructura convencional que adquiere la acción colectiva de jueces y juezas. El texto se concentrará en dos cuestiones centrales: en qué consiste esa estructura convencional y de qué modo permite controlar la actividad judicial.; In this paper I intend to connect the philosophical discussion on the judicial practice of identifying the law with the problem of how to control judicial activity. By control of judicial activity I mean the verification of the legal correctness of the decisions on the existence and content of the law taken by judges in their sentences. I will try to show that, in addition to forms of vertical control, there is the possibility of a type of horizontal control based on the conventional structure that the collective action of judges acquires. The text will focus on two main issues: the elements of the conventional structure and how it may be able to control judicial activity.

Análisis de la completitud de praxeologías propuestas a estudiar en torno a la lógica en la formación de profesores de matemática; Analysis of the Completitude of Praxeologies Proposed to Study Around Logic in the Training of Mathematics Teachers Cardona Hurtado, Oscar; Corica, Ana Rosa En este trabajo se presentan resultados de una investigación que se ubica en la problemática de la formación de profesores en lógica matemática. Como referencial teórico se adopta a la Teoría Antropológica de lo Didáctico. La investigación se desarrolló en dos grupos de estudiantes de profesorado en matemática de una universidad colombiana. Se analizaron las prácticas de los docentes que orientaron temas relativos a cálculo proposicional y cálculo de predicados, y se examinó el material propuesto para el estudio. En particular, en este trabajo se reportan resultados del análisis del material propuesto por los docentes; se analizaron los componentes praxeológicos que se identificaron en las tareas resueltas y las tareas formuladas para ser resultas por los estudiantes. Los principales resultados de la investigación indican que tanto las tareas resueltas en el material como las tareas propuestas para su resolución, integran praxeologías con bajo grado de completitud.; In this work are presented results of an investigation that is located in the problematic of the formation of teachers in mathematical logic. As a theoretical reference, the Anthropological Theory of Didactics is adopted. The research was developed in two groups of mathematics teacher students from a Colombian university. The practices of the teachers who guided topics related to propositional calculus and predicate calculus were analyzed, and the material proposed for the study was examined. In particular, this work reports the results of the analysis of the material proposed by the teachers; the praxeological components that were identified in the solved tasks and the tasks formulated to be solved by the students were analyzed. The main results of the research indicate that both the tasks solved in the material and the tasks proposed for their resolution, integrate praxeologies with a low degree of completeness.

Immunosensor based on porous gold and reduced graphene platform for the determination of EE2 by electrochemical impedance spectroscopy Scala Benuzzi, María Luz; Soler Illia, Galo Juan de Avila Arturo; Raba, Julio; Battaglini, Fernando; Schneider, Rudolf J.; Pereira, Sirley Vanesa; Messina, Germán Alejandro In this work, we report an electrochemical immunosensor to detect ethinylestradiol in water samples, using electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (EIS) as a detection technique. For the development of this immunosensor, the direct modification of the working electrode of a screen-printed carbon electrode was carried out. First, to reduce the resistance of the electrode, electroreduced graphene was incorporated on the surface. Second, a porous gold structure was electrodeposited on reduced graphene by electrodeposition and the dynamic hydrogen bubble template assisted method. Thus, a marked increase in surface area was obtained for anti-EE2 antibodies immobilization. Subsequently, the specific anti-EE2 antibodies were covalently immobilized using α-lipoic acid for attaching them to the gold surface. The electrode modified with the antibodies was incubated for 30 min in the samples containing EE2, producing the specific antigen–antibody binding. As the charge transfer resistance of a redox probe in the electrode surface is governed by the surface blocking effects, the charge transfer resistance was related to the amount of EE2 captured to realize a quantitative determination. For this, the EIS measurements were performed in a 4 mM [Fe(CN)6]4−/3− solution in 0.1 M KCl. The obtained Nyquist diagrams were adjusted using the Randles circuit as an equivalent circuit to obtain the corresponding resistances. The developed methodology showed good selectivity, precision, and sensitivity; although the LOD obtained was higher than those presented in other published articles, it turned out to be an alternative that allows the determination of ethinylestradiol using a simple disposable electrode.

The throat classifier: A novel air classifier for the control of dust in manufactured sands Petit, Andres; Irassar, Edgardo Fabián The depletion of natural sources of sand has triggered a considerable amount of research regarding the utilization of manufactured sands in concrete production. In this context, the excess of dust in manufactured sands is a problem that needs to be solved. This work presents a novel type of air classifier called the throat classifier. The classifier was specifically designed for the removal of dust from manufactured sands. An experimental study was performed using manufactured sands with different gradations to explore the main features of the classifier. Results demonstrate that the classifier is able to improve the particle size distribution of the manufactured sands and collect the excess of dust as two additional products.

Music improvisation enhances neutral verbal and visual memory in musicians and non-musicians alike Diaz Abrahan, Veronika Mariana; Shifres, Favio Demian; Justel, Nadia Music is a complex activity with great cognitive potential. A specific type of research involves the use of focal music-based interventions implemented only once before, during, or after a task to improve cognitive performance. In the present research, we employed music-based interventions to explore their effects as a memory modulator. We conducted two studies: Study 1, to evaluate neutral verbal memory, and Study 2 to evaluate neutral visual memory. Volunteers, aged 18–40, participated in this investigation (124 musicians and 111 nonmusicians). After the acquisition of verbal or visual information, the volunteers were exposed to music improvisation, music imitation, or a rest condition for 3 min. We evaluated memory through free recall and recognition tasks, with immediate and deferred measures. We found a significant improvement in memory among participants involved in music improvisation, who remembered more verbal and visual information than the imitation and rest condition groups, especially in the deferred measures. We found no differences according to the musical experience. Our results reinforce the idea that music improvisation intervention modulates different types of memory.

Voces indígenas sobre "tierra adentro": una aproximación a la territorialidad fronteriza colonial en el área pampeano-norpatagónica; ndigenous voices about “tierra adentro”: an approach to colonial frontier territorialities in the Pampean-North Patagonian area Enrique, Laura Aylen Las extensas llanuras que se desplegaban en la frontera hispano-indígena al sur de la ciudad de Buenos Aires fueron el ámbito de negociaciones sobre los usos de los recursos y los territorios y los sentidos otorgados a ellos por los distintos grupos sociales que se disputaban el espacio pampeano-patagónico a fines del siglo XVIII. Parte de las dificultades para conocer las características de ese "paisaje mestizo" se deben a que las voces de los grupos indígenas que habitaban la región nos llegan mediadas por la escritura de los funcionarios virreinales y viajeros que interactuaban con ellos. No obstante, podemos descubrir rastros de las territorialidades indígenas en algunos documentos coloniales que nos posibilitan aproximarnos a los modos en que se organizaba la denominada "tierra adentro". Aquí nos proponemos estudiar qué aspectos son considerados significativos en la elaboración de las declaraciones e indagar sobre su incidencia en los procesos de configuración territorial. Sostenemos que las distorsiones propias de este tipo de registro escrito -pensado para ser consultado por las autoridades hispanas- nos posibilitan acercarnos a las estrategias de uso, apropiación y significación de los territorios desplegadas por los grupos indígenas.; The vast plains that were unfolded on the Spanish-indigenous border south of the city of Buenos Aires were the area of negotiations on the use of resources and territories and the meanings given to them by the different social groups that disputed the Pampean-Patagonian space at the end of the 18th century. One of the difficulties in knowing the characteristics of this “paisaje mestizo” is due to the fact that the voices of the indigenous groups that inhabited the region reach us mediated by the writing of viceregal officials and travelers who interacted with them. However, we can discover traces of indigenous territorialities in some colonial documents that allow us to approach the ways in which the so-called “tierra adentro” was organized. In this paper, we intend to study which aspects are considered significant in the preparation of testimonial statements and inquire about their impact on territorial configuration processes. We sustain that the distortions inherent to this type of written record (intended to be consulted by Hispanic authorities) allow us to approach the strategies of use, appropriation and significance of the territories deployed by indigenous groups.

Lactic Acid Bacteria Strains Differently Modulate Gut Microbiota and Metabolic and Immunological Parameters in High-Fat Diet-Fed Mice Fabersani Marrades, Mario Emanuel; Márquez, María Antonela; Russo, Matias Irineo; Ross, Gloria Romina; Torres, Sebastián; Fontana, Cecilia Alejandra; Puglisi, Edoardo; Medina, Roxana Beatriz; Gauffin Cano, María Paola Background: Dietary strategies, including the use of probiotics as preventive agents that modulate the gut microbiota and regulate the function of adipose tissue, are suitable tools for the prevention or amelioration of obesity and its comorbidities. We aimed to evaluate the effect of lactic acid bacteria (LAB) with different adipo- and immuno-modulatory capacities on metabolic and immunological parameters and intestinal composition microbiota in high-fat-diet-induced in mice fed a high-fat diet Methods: Balb/c weaning male mice were fed a standard (SD) or high-fat diet (HFD) with or without supplementation with Limosilactobacillus fermentum CRL1446 (CRL1446), Lactococcus lactis CRL1434 (CRL1434), or Lacticaseibacillus casei CRL431 (CRL431) for 45 days. Biochemical and immunological parameters, white-adipose tissue histology, gut microbiota composition, and ex vivo cellular functionality (adipocytes and macrophages) were evaluated in SD and HFD mice. Results: CRL1446 and CRL1434 administration, unlike CRL431, induced significant changes in the body and adipose tissue weights and the size of adipocytes. Also, these strains caused a decrease in plasmatic glucose, cholesterol, triglycerides, leptin, TNF-α, IL-6 levels, and an increase of IL-10. The CRL1446 and CRL1434 obese adipocyte in ex vivo functionality assays showed, after LPS stimulus, a reduction in leptin secretion compared to obese control, while with CRL431, no change was observed. In macrophages from obese mice fed with CRL1446 and CRL1434, after LPS stimulus, lower levels of MCP-1, TNF-α, IL-6 compared to obese control were observed. In contrast, CRL431 did not induce modification of cytokine values. Regarding gut microbiota, all strain administration caused a decrease in Firmicutes/Bacteroidetes index and diversity. As well as, related to genus results, all strains increased, mainly the genera Alistipes, Dorea, Barnesiella, and Clostridium XIVa. CRL1446 induced a higher increase in the Lactobacillus genus during the study period. Conclusions: The tested probiotic strains differentially modulated the intestinal microbiota and metabolic/immunological parameters in high-fat-diet-induced obese mice. These results suggest that CRL1446 and CRL1434 strains could be used as adjuvant probiotics strains for nutritional treatment to obesity and overweight. At the same time, the CRL431 strain could be more beneficial in pathologies that require regulation of the immune system.

Properties of galaxies with ring structures Fernandez, Julia; Alonso, Sol; Mesa, Valeria Alejandra; Duplancic Videla, Maria Fernanda; Coldwell Lloveras, Georgina Vanesa Aims: We present a statistical analysis of different characteristics of ringed spiral galaxies with the aim of assessing the effects of rings on disk galaxy properties. Methods: We built a catalog of ringed galaxies from the Sloan Digital Sky Survey Data Release 14 (SDSS-DR14). Via visual inspection of SDSS images, we classified the face-on spiral galaxies brighter than g < 16.0 mag into galaxies with: an inner ring, an outer ring, a nuclear ring, both an inner and an outer ring, and a pseudo-ring. In addition to rings, we recorded morphological types and the existence of bars, lenses, and galaxy pair companions with or without interaction. With the goal of providing an appropriate quantification of the influence of rings on galaxy properties, we also constructed a suitable control sample of non-ringed galaxies with similar redshift, magnitude, morphology, and local density environment distributions to those of ringed ones. Results: We found 1868 ringed galaxies, accounting for 22% of the full sample of spiral galaxies. In addition, within galaxies with ringed structures, 46% have an inner ring, 10% an outer ring, 20% both an inner and an outer ring, 6% a nuclear ring, and 18% a partial ring. Moreover, 64% of the ringed galaxies present bars. We also found that ringed galaxies have both a lower efficiency of star formation activity and older stellar populations (as derived with the Dn(4000) spectral index) with respect to non-ringed disk objects from the control sample. Moreover, there is a significant excess of ringed galaxies with red colors. These effects are more important for ringed galaxies that have inner rings and bars with respect to their counterparts that have some other types of rings and are non-barred. The color-magnitude and color-color diagrams show that ringed galaxies are mostly concentrated in the red region, while non-ringed spiral objects are more extended to the blue zone. Galaxies with ringed structures present an excess of high metallicity values compared to non-ringed ones, which show a 12 + Log(O/H) distribution toward lower values. These findings seem to indicate that rings are peculiar structures that produce an accelerating galactic evolution, strongly altering the physical properties of their host galaxies.