Deleuze y el feminismo: Debates sobre el devenir-mujer; Deleuze and feminism: Debates on becoming-woman Antonelli Marangi, Marcelo Sebastián Este artículo investiga el concepto de devenir-mujer, y algunos de los debates que ha suscitado este concepto en la recepción de Deleuze en el campo de los estudios feminista y de género. Las interpretaciones han sido predominantemente negativas con base en críticas de diverso tipo: el significado del concepto no es claro ni definido; carece de eficacia política por su desconexión con las luchas concretas de las mujeres realmente existentes; oculta posiciones masculinas y etnocéntricas, andróginas o incluso patriarcales; conduce a un horizonte postfeminista que disuelve la identidad de la mujer e invisibiliza sus reclamos por reconocimiento; desconoce la importancia epistemológica y política de la diferencia sexual. La hipótesis propuesta en este escrito es que estas críticas pueden ser discutidas con argumentos fundados en una relectura rigurosa de este concepto en la obra deleuziana, que recupere distinciones clave (lo molar y lo molecular, la mayoría y la minoría) y analice las perspectivas esquizoanalíticas que sustentan su rechazo de la diferencia sexual y su mirada crítica acerca de algunas luchas feministas. Este trabajo explora, adicionalmente, en qué posición se puede situar a Deleuze en la polémica entre las teóricas del dimorfismo y las partidarias del género, respecto de lo cual sugerimos la posibilidad de inscribirlo en una orientación posgenérica.; This article investigates the concept of becoming-woman and some of the debates it has provoked in the reception of Deleuze within the field of feminist and gender studies. Interpretations have been predominantly negative based on criticisms of various kinds: the meaning of the concept is unclear and undefined; it lacks political efficacy due to its disconnection with the concrete struggles of actually existing women; it conceals masculine and ethnocentric, androgynous or even patriarchal positions; it leads to a post-feminist horizon that dissolves women's identity and invisibilises their claims for recognition; it ignores the epistemological and political importance of sexual difference. The hypothesis proposed in this paper is that these criticisms can be discussed with arguments grounded in a rigorous re-reading of this concept in Deleuzian work, that recovers key distinctions (the molar and the molecular, the majority and the minority) and analyses the schizoanalytic perspectives that underpin his rejection of sexual difference and his critical view on some feminist struggles. This paper further explores where Deleuze can be positioned in the debate between dimorphism theorists and gender partisans and suggests the possibility of inscribing him in a postgenderist orientation.

On the correlation between the noise and a priori error vectors for standard and augmented affine projection algorithms Altieri, Andrés Oscar This paper analyzes the correlation matrix between the a priori error and measurement noise vectors for standard and augmented affine projection algorithms using a unified approach. This correlation stems from the dependence between the filter tap estimates and the noise samples, and has a strong influence on the mean square behavior of the algorithm. We show that the correlation matrix is upper triangular, and compute the diagonal elements in closed form, showing that they are independent of the input process statistics. Also, for white inputs we show that the matrix is fully diagonal. These results are valid in the transient and steady states, considering a possibly variable step-size. Our only assumption is that the filter order is large compared to its projection order and that the input signal is stationary. Using these results, we perform a steady-state analysis for small step size and provide a new simple closed-form expression for the mean-square error, which has comparable or better accuracy to many preexisting expressions, and is much simpler to compute. Finally, we also obtain expressions for the steady-state energy of the other components of the error vector.

Psychosocial Maturity assessment in juvenile justice: A content validity analysis of a novel tool; Evaluación de la Madurez Psicosocial en Justicia Juvenil: Análisis de la validez de contenido de una herramienta novedosa Palacios van Isschot, Elena; Arbach, Karin; Andrés Pueyo, Antonio La madurez psicosocial (MP) es un factor potencial que influye en la toma de decisiones de los adolescentes y su comportamiento social e interpersonal. El estudio actual representa un primer paso para diseñar una nueva prueba de madurez psicosocial adecuada para evaluar este constructo en el contexto forense y en entornos de justicia juvenil. Su objetivo es establecer la validez de contenido para una nueva herramienta de evaluación. Después de una revisión de la literatura, se seleccionaron 38 ítems de diversas medidas y protocolos específicos existentes y se instruyó a 41 expertos para llevar a cabo un análisis de validez de contenido. Los resultados del Índice de Validez de Contenido muestran que el 92% de los ítems analizados fueron clasificados por los expertos como representativos del constructo, y los resultados del Índice de Validez Factorial muestran que los expertos asociaron el 79% de los ítems al constructo propuesto. En conclusión, la mayoría de los ítems se consideraron representativos del constructo y de sus componentes individuales, proporcionando una buena base para desarrollar una herramienta de evaluación de la MP. Se plantea la relevancia e implicaciones de los resultados en las tareas judiciales.; Psychosocial maturity (PM) is a potential factor influencing adolescent decision making and a wide range of social and interpersonal behaviors in adolescents. The current study represents an initial effort to design a new psychosocial maturity test suitable for assessing this construct in the forensic context and juvenile justice settings. Its aim is to establish content validity for a novel assessment tool. After a literature review, 38 items were selected from various existing specific tests and protocols, and 41 experts were instructed to conduct a content validity analysis on them. Content Validity Index results show that 92% of the items were classified by experts as representative to the construct, and Factorial Validity Index results show that experts associated 79% of the items with the correct component of the construct according to theoretical criteria. In conclusion, the majority of items were found to be representative of the construct and of their individual components, providing a valid foundation for the development of a new PM assessment tool. In this study the relevance and implications of the results for judicial tasks are discussed.

Diversity and molecular characterization of insect-specific flaviviruses in mosquitoes (Diptera: Culicidae) collected in central and northern Argentina Farias, Adrian Alejandro; Labordolive, Victoria; Stein, Marina; Dantur Juri, Maria Julia; Visintin, Andrés; Almirón, Walter R.; Contigiani de Minio, Marta Silvia; Ré, Viviana Elizabeth; Diaz, Luis Adrian The genus Flavivirus comprises approximately 80 different viruses. Phylogenetic relationships among its members indicate a clear ecological separation between those viruses transmitted by mosquitoes, ticks, with no known vector, and insect-specific Flaviviruses. The diversity and phylogenetic relationships among insectspecific flaviviruses circulating in the central and northern regions of Argentina were studied by performing molecular detection and characterization of the NS5 protein gene in mosquitoes collected in Córdoba, Chaco and Tucumán provinces. Overall, 68 out of 1776 pools were positive. CxFV, KRV and CFAV circulate in the 3 studied provinces. Several mosquito species (Aedes aegypti, Culex bidens, Cx. dolosus, Cx. interfor, Cx. quinquefasciatus, Cx. saltanensis, Haemagogus spegazzini) were found infected. A wide circulation of CxFV was observed in the central-northern region of Argentina. CxFV strains detected in our study clustered with strains circulating in Santa Fe and Buenos Aires provinces (Argentina), and other countries such as Indonesia, Mexico, Uganda and Taiwan. The presence of these viruses in mosquitoes could play an important role from the public health perspective, because it has been shown that previous CxFV infection can increase or block the infection of the mosquito by other pathogenic flaviviruses.

Lotus spp.: a Mediterranean genus with high environment and economic impact in the Salado River Basin (Argentina) Ruiz, Oscar Adolfo; Gortari, Maximiliano; Maguire, Vanina Giselle; Arese, Romina Paola; Campestre, Maria Paula; Antonelli, Cristian Javier; Calzadilla, Pablo Ignacio; Menendez, Ana Bernardina; Escaray, Francisco José; Carrasco Sorli, Pedro Miguel; Bailleres, Matías Andres; Ezquiaga, Juan Pedro; Paolocci, Francesco; Gárriz, Andrés; Nieva, Amira Susana del Valle This review has the principal objective in to hypothesise that the introduction of Lotus species could have significant benefts in constrained soils due their worldwide distribution. This idea is major based on results obtained in the lowlands of the most important livestock breeding area in Argentina denominated Salado River Basin (also called “Flooding Pampas”). Mostly of their land surface is dominated by salt-afected soils with severe constraints for traditional crop cultivation (i.e., maize, soybean, etc.). In order to increase their economic importance, farmers have utilized species suchas non-native L. tenuis (ex- Lotus glaber), originating from European Mediterranean area, which shows a successfully and fast naturalization (in less than 60 years) in constrained areas improving forage performance. The increase in soil quality associated to this legume is achieved by an increment of the organic matter content and improvement of fertility and physicochemical parameters. Moreover, other studies have evidenced some genetic determinants associated with interesting agronomic traits such as plant tolerance to environmental stresses and the importance of leaves condensed tannins concentrations. This revision has many topics including a brief analysis of economic and environmental changes that occur under Lotus species implantation. In addition, we incorporate references recently published concerning the evaluation of the biochemical and physiological mechanisms involved in their adaptation to strong abiotic stresses characteristic of the region, the soil and plant microbiota diversity and soil physical and chemical characteristics associated to the presence of Lotus genotypes.

The Argentine economy through the lens of an adapted Mundell–Fleming model for small open peripheral economies Dvoskin, Ariel; Feldman, Germán David; Torchinsky Landau, Matías This paper investigates the limits fiscal and monetary policies face in small openeconomies, where economic growth can be constrained by the balance of payments.To do so, we proceed in three steps. First, we review some usually neglected stringentassumptions of the Post-Keynesian interpretation of the IS-LM-BP model, regarding theroles played by the exchange rate and the interest rate in re-establishing external equilibrium. Second, we adapt this model to consider the specificities of peripheral economies. Third, we illustrate the model’s functionality and implications, drawing upon the experience of the Argentine economy, a country where the external sector has recurrently constrained output growth.

Sufficient dimension reduction for a novel class of zero-inflated graphical models Koplin, Eric Lionel; Forzani, Liliana Maria; Tomassi, Diego Rodolfo; Pfeiffer, Ruth M. Graphical models allow modeling of complex dependencies among components of a random vector. In many applicationsof graphical models, however, for example microbiome data, the data have an excess number of zero values. Wepresent new pairwise graphical models with distributions in an exponential family, that accommodate excess numbersof zeros in the random vector components. First we characterise these multivariate distributions in terms of univariateconditional distributions. We then model predictors that arise from such a pairwise graphical model with excess zerosas a function of an outcome, and derive the corresponding first order sufficient dimension reduction (SDR). That is,we find linear combinations of the predictors that contain all the information for the regression of the outcome as afunction of the predictors. We estimate the SDR using pseudo-likelihood with a hierarchical penalty that accounts forthe graphical model structure, for variable selection, by allowing interactions only for variables that are associatedwith outcome also through main effects. This method yields consistent estimators of the reduction and can be appliedto continuous or categorical outcomes. We then illustrate our methods by studying normal, Poisson and truncatedPoisson graphical models with excess zeros in simulations and by analyzing microbiome data from the AmericanGut Project. Our models provided robust variable selection and the Poisson zero-inflation pairwise graphical modelresulted in predictive performance that was equal or better than that obtained from applying other available methodsfor the analysis of microbiome data.

Validity and Reproducibility of an Electronic Food Frequency Questionnaire in Argentinian Adults Gili, Rocio Victoria; Leeson, Sara; Carlino, Belén; Contreras Guillen, Ismael Alejandro; Xutuc, Daniel; Martins, Marcia Cristina Teixeira; Díaz, María del Pilar; Segovia-siapco, Gina; Oliveira Da Silva Pacheco, Sandaly; Pacheco, Fabio Juliano This study aimed to validate a semiquantitative electronic food frequency questionnaire (eFFQ) in estimating the intake of a comprehensive list of nutrients and bioactive compounds among adults from six regions of Argentina using multiple 24 h dietary recall (24HR) as a reference. A total of 163 adults completed two administrations of the eFFQ and four 24HRs. The paired t-test/Wilcoxon signed-rank test, Spearman/Pearson correlations, cross-classification, weighted kappa statistics, and Bland–Altman plots were employed to determine relative validity. To determine reproducibility, intraclass correlations (ICC), cross-classification, and weighted kappa statistics were calculated. For relative validity, crude correlations ranged from 0.15 to 0.57; energy adjustment and de-attenuation slightly improved most of these correlations. In cross-classification analysis, agreements within one quintile adjacent to exact agreement (EA ± 1) ranged from 52.2% to ~74%; extreme misclassifications were < 7%. For reproducibility, the crude ICC ranged from 0.29 to 0.85, showing moderate to good correlations for most nutrients. Cross-classification analysis showed agreement levels for the EA ± 1 quintile of 70.6% to 87.7%. Weighted kappa values ranged from 0.21 to 0.62. The results show that this eFFQ is relatively valid in ranking adults according to their nutrient intake and has an acceptable reproducibility, yet it slightly overestimates the intake of most nutrients.

Young Plasma Rejuvenates Blood DNA Methylation Profile, Extends Mean Lifespan, and Improves Physical Appearance in Old Rats Chiavellini, Priscila; Lehmann, Marianne; Gallardo, Maria D.; Canatelli Mallat, Martina; Pasquini, Diana Camila; Zoller, Joseph A.; Gordevicius, Juozas; Girard, Mauricio; Lacunza, Ezequiel; Hereñú, Claudia Beatriz; Horvath, Steve; Goya, Rodolfo Gustavo There is converging evidence that young blood conveys cells, vesicles, and molecules able to revitalize function and restore organ integrity in old individuals. We assessed the effects of young plasma on the lifespan, epigenetic age, and healthspan of old female rats. Beginning at 25.6 months of age, a group of 9 rats (group T) was intraperitoneally injected with plasma from young rats until their natural death. A group of 8 control rats of the same age received no treatment (group C). Blood samples were collected every other week. Survival curves showed that from age 26 to 30 months, none of the group T animals died, whereas the survival curve of group C rats began to decline at age 26 months. Blood DNAm age versus chronological age showed that DNAm age in young animals increased faster than chronological age, then slowed down, entering a plateau after 27 months. The DNAm age of the treated rats fell below the DNAm age of controls and, in numerical terms, remained consistently lower until natural death. When rats were grouped according to the similarities in their differential blood DNA methylation profile, samples from the treated and control rats clustered in separate groups. Analysis of promoter differential methylation in genes involved in systemic regulatory activities revealed specific GO term enrichment related to the insulin-like factors pathways as well as to cytokines and chemokines associated with immune and homeostatic functions. We conclude that young plasma therapy may constitute a natural, noninvasive intervention for epigenetic rejuvenation and health enhancement.

Regulación de intermediarios de Internet: Análisis de los Foros Latinoamericanos de Gobernanza (2018-2021); Internet intermediaries’ regulation: Analysis of the Latin American Governance Forums (2018-2021); Regulamentação de intermediários da Internet: Análise dos Fóruns de Governança Latino-Americanos (2018-2021) Bizberge, Ana; Mastrini, Guillermo Néstor Este artículo analiza la regulación de intermediarios en los Foros de Gobernanza de Internet de América Latina entre 2018 y 2021, desde la perspectiva de las políticas públicas de comunicación. Se indagan los temas, actores y su posicionamiento sobre los derechos humanos y la libertad de expresión a partir de la revisión de videos y relatorías de los foros. El artículo concluye que el abordaje de derechos humanos se desplaza de la libertad de expresión hacia la privacidad. El trabajo busca contribuir a la comprensión de los debates emergentes sobre regulación de Internet en la región.; This article analyzes Internet intermediaries’ regulation in the Latin American Governance Forums between 2018-2021 with the approach of public policy in communications. The topics, actors and their position on human rights and freedom of expression are examined based on the review of videos and reports of the forums. The article concludes that the human rights approach shifts from freedom of expression to privacy. The paper aims to make a contribution to the understanding of the emerging debates on Internet regulation in the region.; Este artigo analisa a regulação dos intermediários nos Fóruns Latino-Americanos de Governança da Internet entre 2018 e 2021, sob a perspectiva das políticas públicas de comunicação. Os temas, atores e sua posição sobre direitos humanos e liberdade de expressão são investigados a partir da análise de vídeos e reportagens dos fóruns. O artigo conclui que a abordagem dos direitos humanos muda da liberdade de expressão para a privacidade. O trabalho busca contribuir para a compreensão dos debates emergentes sobre a regulação da Internet na região.

El concepto de amor y lo político en la ética política kantiana; The concept of love and the political in Kantian political ethics Quiroga, Noelia Eva El propósito de este trabajo es ofrecer una lectura ético-política del amor en la ética de la virtud kantiana contenida en la Religión dentro de los límites de la mera Razón y en la Metafísica de las Costumbres. Para ello, en primer lugar, estudiaré el problema que presenta el amor propio entendido como un posible obstáculo para el amor hacia los demás, con quienes interactuamos. En segundo lugar, estudiaré cómo la idea de amor práctico en la ética de la virtud kantiana, da lugar, en el ámbito de la relación con los otros, al deber de amar al prójimo y contribuir con su felicidad. Finalmente, estudiaré cómo la ética política kantiana, encarnada en la idea de la comunidad ética, expresa una ética del amor que permite contrarrestar el exceso de amor propio.; The purpose of this work is to offer an ethical-political reading of love in the Kantian virtue ethics expressed in Religion within the Boundaries of Mere Reason and in The Metaphysics of Morals. To this end, in the first place, I will study the problem that self-love presents, understood as a possible obstacle to love towards others with whom we interact. Secondly, I will study how the idea of practical love, in Kantian virtue ethics, gives rise in the realm of relationships with others to the duty to love one’s neighbor and contribute to his happiness. Finally, I will study how the Kantian political ethics, embodied in the idea of the ethical community, expresses an ethics of love that allows to counteract the excess of self-love.

Producción y reproducción de discursos sexo-generizados a través de la cultura física oficial: Consecuencias en la formación de profesionales en Educación Física en Argentina (1937-1939); The production and reproduction of sex-gendered discourses through official physical culture: Consequences in the training of professionals in physical education in Argentina (1937-1939) Boyezuk, Agustina; Galak, Eduardo La propuesta de este escrito es interpretar la construcción de discursos sexo-generizados que orbitaron la educación de los cuerpos y las sensibilidades en la cultura física oficial en argentina, a través de analizar la institucionalización de la Educación Física en un momento bisagra de la disciplina a finales de la década de 1930. Se trata de un contexto reformista en el que emerge el segundo Instituto Nacional, producto de la creación de la Dirección General de Educación Física en 1938 que instaura modificaciones estructurales para la disciplina. Se parte como hipótesis que el proyecto educativo de cultura física estuvo atravesado por un conjunto de modificaciones macro políticas estatales características del segundo cuarto del siglo XX argentino, que generaron una nueva organización institucional de los procesos de escolarización (Puiggrós, 1996; Scharagrodsky & Southwell, 2007), lo cual se reflejó en un cambio de paradigma que se materializó en esas dos instituciones estatales que abordaron respectivamente la formación y el ejercicio profesional. Más allá de haber reproducido prácticas, saberes y discursos que estaban en tensión por aquellos años, estos establecimientos funcionaron como dispositivos político-estetizantes que configuraron sentidos sexo-generizados, reproduciendo una gramática de lo corporal (Galak, 2020) y contribuyendo en la construcción de sensibilidades que asociaron a los modos de hacer particulares modos de ser (Chihuailaf Vera, Mujica Johnson & Concha López, 2022). Para ello se analizan un conjunto de documentos oficiales, principalmente los Boletines del Ministerio de Justicia e Instrucción Pública (Argentina, 1938-1939) y los Registros de Clasificación, cuadernos de los institutos de formación profesional donde figuraban las notas de evaluación.; This paper aims to interpret the construction of sex-gendered discourses that orbited the education of bodies and sensibilities in physical culture in Argentina by analysing the institutionalisation of Physical Education at a turning point in the discipline at the end of the 1930s. In the reformist context, the second National Institute emerged as a new establishment dedicated to professionalisation. This was a result of the creation of the General Directorate of Physical Education in 1938, which introduced structural modifications to the discipline. The educational project of physical culture in Argentina during the second quarter of the 20th century was influenced by a set of state macro-political modifications. These modifications led to a new institutional organisation of schooling processes, as noted by Puiggrós (1996), and Scharagrodsky & Southwell (2007). This change of paradigm was reflected in two state institutions that dealt with training and professional practice. In addition to reproducing practices, knowledge, and discourses that were in tension during that time, these establishments functioned as political aesthetic devices that created meanings related to sex, reproducing a bodily grammar (Galak, 2020) and contributing to the construction of sensibilities that associated specific ways of being with particular ways of doing. To achieve this, it is analysed a set of official documents, including the Boletines of the Ministry of Justice and Public Instruction (Argentina, 1938-1939) and the Registros de Clasificación, qualification notebooks used by higher education institutes to record grades.

Becoming a Multilatina: strategic capabilities as necessary conditions for the internationalization of Latin American firms Hermans, Michel; Borda Reyes, Armando; Newburry, William; Cordova Chea, Carlos; Finchelstein, Diego; Gonzalez Perez, Maria Alejandra; Montoya, Miguel; Velasco, Gerardo; Velez Campo, Juan Purpose This study aims to challenge the generic interpretation of Multilatinas as Latin American firms that have been able to internationalize because of highly competitive strategic capabilities. The authors test whether capabilities that international business researchers commonly associate with internationalization are necessary at different stages of the internationalization process to better understand the extent to which emerging market (EM) firms need to develop them. Design/methodology/approach International business research suggests a positive association between strategic capabilities and firm internalization. However, it remains unclear what specific capabilities are necessary and when they are necessary. These questions are particularly important in the context of the internationalization of firms from emerging economies, such as Latin America. The authors apply necessary condition analysis (NCA) on a sample of Latin American firms at different internationalization stages to test what strategic capabilities represent necessary conditions for becoming a Multilatina. Findings The findings suggest that only a few strategic capabilities are necessary for Latin American firms to become “Multilatinas”. While entrepreneurial orientation and marketing and sales capabilities represent necessary conditions, EM firms may internationalize even though other capabilities are developed to a lesser extent. The authors reflect on how shifts in local markets and technology drive the emergence of different types of Multilatinas. Research limitations/implications Measuring strategic capabilities across multiple EM firms implies a risk that firm-specific aspects are not fully captured. While the authors focused on the comparative competitive strength of capabilities and took great care to minimize measurement error, the authors acknowledge possible bias. Also, while NCA does not require a minimum sample size, findings from our sample of firms from four countries may not generalize to the region or other EMs. Originality/value As a relatively new statistical technique, the use of NCA has spread rapidly. To the best of the authors’ knowledge, the linkage between organizational capabilities and firm internationalization has not been tested from a necessary conditions perspective yet. The reflections on the “Multilatina” concept based on the notion of EM firms as configurations of strategic capabilities inform current debates on EM multinational enterprises.

New co-products from an endangered tree species: Araucaria angustifolia (bertol.) kuntze Sequin, Christian Javier; Perusset, Sergio Andres; Trossero, Julia Adriana; Aceñolaza, Pablo Gilberto Araucaria angustifolia is a notable tree species distributed in the Atlantic forest of central-eastern South America. It has been considered acritically endangered species. Due to competition from other land uses, including agriculture and Pinus plantations, A. angustifolia has lostdistribution and plantation area. This study aims to investigate new co-products of A. angustifolia waste products that can be used to preventagricultural diseases. Brown spot is the most common foliar disease of soybeans and is caused by Septoria glycines. In this work, we evaluated theantifungal activity of plant tissue-derived compounds against S. glycines. The ethyl acetate extract of A. angustifolia leaves showed antifungalactivity and was analyzed by HPLC-PDA and GC-MS. The results show two compounds as the principal constituents of antifungal activity. Bothcompounds showed a base peak at m/z 79.08, but they could not be identified by comparison with GC-MS spectral libraries. However, peaks atm/z 91 and 119 indicate that both compounds may contain aromatic structures. As a result of this study, we found that A. angustifolia can be usedto obtain reliable antifungal compounds against S. glycines.

"La Geografía" en el centro Buzai, Gustavo Daniel El presente artículo de reflexión se centra en la Geografía Artística (Kunstgeographie), la cual se preocupa principalmente “por la localización, además de por la cronología, al estudiar las características o rasgos determinantes del arte y la arquitectura” (Da Costa Kaufmann, 1999:12). La indagación realizada muestra curiosidad por la escultura La Geografía que, de acuerdo a las consultas que pude realizar en el ámbito geográfico, su existencia pasa inadvertida y más desconocido aún es el lugar de privilegio de su localización, sitio y posición de gran simbolismo en el espacio urbano de Buenos Aires.; This reflection article is focused on Artistic Geography (Kunstgeographie), which is mainly concerned "with location, in addition to chronology, when studying the characteristics or determining features of art and architecture" (Da Costa Kaufmann , 1999:12). The investigation carried out shows curiosity about the sculpture La Geografía (The Geography) which, according to the consultations that I was able to make in the geographical area, its existence goes unnoticed and even more unknown is the privileged place of its location, site and position of great symbolism in the urban space of Buenos Aires.

Primera experiencia de implantación de radiotransmisores en la víbora Bothrops alternatus; First radiotransmitters implantation experience in the viper Bothrops alternatus Vera, David Gustavo; Clausse, María; Nejamkin, Pablo; Almaraz, Karen; Berkunsky, Igor La radiotelemetría se ha convertido en una herramienta valiosa para estudiar la ecología espacial y reproductiva de las serpientes. Diferentes metodologías han sido utilizadas para colocar radiotransmisores en serpientes, incluida la colocación externa con cinta adhesiva, la ingestión forzada y la aplicación de pegamento en la piel, aunque presentan limitaciones y efectos negativos en las serpientes, como la pérdida de los transmisores o la alteración del comportamiento alimentario. En el presente trabajo se presenta el primer caso de implantación de radiotransmisores en la especie Bothrops alternatus en la Argentina. Se utilizaron dos ejemplares de yarará grande B. alternatus capturados de la naturaleza. Se siguió un procedimiento basado en trabajos anteriores con adaptaciones específicas propias para tratar serpientes venenosas. Los ejemplares fueron anestesiados con isoflurano, con soporte de oxígeno durante toda la cirugía. En cada ejemplar se realizó una incisión de 2 cm de longitud, se dividió el músculo y se accedió a la cavidad celómica. El radiotransmisor, previamente esterilizado, se colocó en esta cavidad y su antena se tunelizó bajo la piel hacia la parte superior del cuerpo. Posteriormente, se suturaron los planos musculares y la piel con material estéril. La cirugía fue exitosa en ambos especímenes, con una duración de aproximadamente 30 minutos y una recuperación rápida después de la anestesia. Los radiotransmisores emitieron señales que se captaron a distancias de hasta 500 metros en el campo, lo que permitió rastrear el movimiento de las serpientes durante un período de 10 días. Sin embargo, se observó que la duración de la batería de los transmisores fue menor de lo esperado, lo que limitó el seguimiento a largo plazo. Este trabajo representa una contribución significativa al campo de la radiotelemetría en serpientes en la Argentina, proporcionando un protocolo detallado y exitoso para la implantación de radiotransmisores en serpientes venenosas.; Radio telemetry has become a valuable tool for studying the spatial and reproductive ecologyof snakes. Various methodologies have been used to attach radio transmitters to snakes, including external placement with adhesive tape, forced ingestion, and skin glue application. Still, these methods have limitations and negative effects on snakes, such as transmitter loss or alterations in feeding behavior. This study presents the first case of radio transmitter implantation in the species Bothrops alternatus in Argentina. Two large venomous snakes B. alternatus specimens, were captured from the wild. A procedure was followed based on previous work with specific adaptations for venomous snakes. The specimens were anesthetized with isoflurane and provided with oxygen throughout the surgery. A 2 cm incision was made in each specimen, the muscle was divided, and access to the celomic cavity was obtained. The previously sterilized radio transmitter was placed in this cavity, and its antenna was tunneled under the skin towards the upper body. Subsequently, the muscle layers and skin were sutured with sterile material. The surgery was successful in both specimens, lasting approximately 30 minutes, with rapid recovery post-anesthesia. The transmitters emitted signals detected at distances of up to 500 meters in the field, allowing tracking of the snakes’ movements over 10 days. However, it was observed that the transmitter battery life was shorterthan expected, limiting long-term monitoring. This work represents a significant contribution to the field of snake radio telemetry in Argentina, providing a detailed and successful protocol for radio transmitter implantation in venomous snakes.

Electrochemical synthesis of donor-acceptor triazine based polymers with halochromic and electrochromic properties Renfige Rodriguez, Yone Melisa; Gonzalez Lopez, Edwin Javier; Macor, Lorena Paola; Solis, Claudia Alejandra; Durantini, Javier Esteban; Morales, Gustavo Marcelo; Otero, Luis Alberto; Durantini, Edgardo Néstor; Heredia, Daniel Alejandro; Gervaldo, Miguel Andres Two triazine monomers substituted with aromatic α,β unsaturated ketones (chalcones) as connecting arms, holding triphenylamine or carbazole ending groups, were by the first time synthesized using commercial and inexpensive starting materials in just two steps. Triphenylamine and carbazole groups were strategically introduced in order to allow electrochemical polymerization and redox activity of the obtained films. The chalcone, together with the triphenylamine or carbazole outer groups, give rise to the formation of a donor-acceptor systems, allowing the generation of photoinduced intramolecular charge transfer (ICT) electronic transitions and providing basic sites for protonation. Because of the star-like chemical structure of the used triazine, electrochemical polymerization of these monomers conducted to the formation of hyperbranched structures. The polymeric materials exhibited not only electrochromic properties but also showed a halochromic behavior. Spectroelectrochemical studies of the films showed different colorations in the three redox states (neutral, semioxidized and fully oxidized). The color changes are fast and easily detected by the naked eye. Electrochemical parameters such as optical contrast, coloration efficiency, optical memory, and long-term stability for both films were obtained and compared. A quasi-solid window-type electrochromic device was assembled using the electrogenerated polymer with the best electrochromic performance and stability. Moreover, the triphenylamine based polymer showed reversible color changes upon acid-base vapor exposure cycles, demonstrating that this polymer can be used not only in electrochromic devices but also in acid vapor sensors.

Diversity response of necrophagous dipteran communities and their functional groups to an anthropization gradient Dufek, Matias Ignacio; Larrea, Dario Daniel; Damborsky, Miryam Pieri; Mulieri, Pablo Ricardo The anthropization process exerts a profound effect on ecosystems, causing alterations in biodiversity, habitat structure, and species composition, ultimately disrupting the delicate balance of natural environments. The aim of the present study was to explore the ecological dynamics of necrophagous Sarcophagidae and Calliphoridae flies along an anthropization gradient. This research investigated alpha and beta diversity patterns to unravel the impact of human-induced environmental changes on these insect communities and also assesses the dynamics of functional groups in relation to their impact on medical and forensic fields. Five distinct habitats, ranging from urban to forested areas, were surveyed in two Departments in the Province of Chaco, Argentina. Necrophagous flies were collected using van Someren-Rydon canopy traps across three seasons. Two main functional groups were analyzed: oviparous flies (Calliphoridae) and larviparous flies (Sarcophagidae). Results indicated a significant negative correlation between Sarcophagidae species richness and anthropization, whereas Calliphoridae showed increased abundance in highly anthropized sites. The combined assemblage of Calliphoridae+Sarcophagidae exhibited significant relationships across all community parameters evaluated. Beta diversity analysis revealed turnover as the main process shaping dipteran communities along the anthropization gradient, with spatial species replacement dominating. This underscores the importance of interspecific spatial segregation in dipteran community composition. In conclusion, this study enhances our understanding of the ecological adaptations of necrophagous dipterans to anthropogenic disturbances. The observed shifts in diversity and abundance have implications for forensic investigations and public health, emphasizing the need for nuanced monitoring and conservation strategies. This research contributes valuable insights into the intricate ecological interactions of these insect communities within changing ecosystems.

Loss of function in somatostatin receptor 5 has no impact on the growth of medaka fish due to compensation by the other paralogs Boan, Agustín Fernando; Delgadin, T. H.; Canosa, Luis Fabian; Fernandino, Juan Ignacio Somatic growth in vertebrates is regulated endocrinologically by the somatotropic axis, headed by the growth hormone (GH) and the insulin growth factor-I (IGF-I). Somatostatin (Sst), a peptide hormone synthesized in the hypothalamus, modulates GH actions through its receptors (Sstr). Four Sstr subtypes (Sstr 1–3 and 5) have been identified in teleosts. However, little is known about whether they have a specific function or tissue expression. The aim of this study was to determine the role of sstr2 and sstr5 in the growth of the medaka (Oryzias latipes). The assessed expression pattern across diverse tissues highlighted greater prevalence of sstr1 and sstr3 in brain, intestine and muscle than in pituitary or liver. The expression of sstr2 was high in all the tissues tested, while sstr5 was predominantly expressed in the pituitary gland. A CRISPR/Cas9 sstr5 mutant with loss of function (sstr5-/-) was produced. Assessment of sstr5-/- indicated no significant difference with the wild type regarding growth parameters such as standard length, body depth, or peduncle depth. Furthermore, the functional loss of sstr5 had no impact on the response to a nutritional challenge. The fact that several sstr subtypes were upregulated in different tissues in sstr5-/- medaka suggests that in the mutant fish, there may be a compensatory effect on the different tissues, predominantly by sstr1 in the liver, brain and pituitary, with sstr2 being upregulated in pituitary and liver, and sstr3 only presenting differential expression in the brain. Analysis of the sstr subtype and the sstr5-/- fish showed that sstr5 was not the only somatostatin receptor responsible for Sst-mediated Gh regulation.

Biotic and abiotic factors acting on community assembly in parallel anaerobic digestion systems from a brewery wastewater treatment plant Spatola Rossi, Tatiana; Gallia, Mateo; Erijman, Leonardo; Figuerola, Eva Lucia Margarita Anaerobic digestion is a complex microbial process that mediates the transformation of organic waste into biogas. The performance and stability of anaerobic digesters relies on the structure and function of the microbial community. In this study, we asked whether the deterministic effect of wastewater composition outweighs the effect of reactor configuration on the structure and dynamics of anaerobic digester archaeal and bacterial communities. Biotic and abiotic factors acting on microbial community assembly in two parallel anaerobic digestion systems, an upflow anaerobic sludge blanket digestor (UASB) and a closed digester tank with a solid recycling system (CDSR), from a brewery WWTP were analysed utilizing 16S rDNA and mcrA amplicon sequencing and genome-centric metagenomics. This study confirmed the deterministic effect of the wastewater composition on bacterial community structure, while the archaeal community composition resulted better explained by organic loading rate (ORL) and volatile free acids (VFA). According to the functions assigned to the differentially abundant metagenome-assembled genomes (MAGs) between reactors, CDSR was enriched in genes related to methanol and methylamines methanogenesis, protein degradation, and sulphate and alcohol utilization. Conversely, the UASB reactor was enriched in genes associated with carbohydrate and lipid degradation, as well as amino acid, fatty acid, and propionate fermentation. By comparing interactions derived from the co-occurrence network with predicted metabolic interactions of the prokaryotic communities in both anaerobic digesters, we conclude that the overall community structure is mainly determined by habitat filtering.