Phenotypic evolution of an Atlantic Forest passerine (Xiphorhynchus fuscus): biogeographic and systematic implications Cabanne, Gustavo Sebastián; Trujillo Arias, Natalia; Calderón, Pablo Luciano Sebastian; d'Horta, Fernando M.; Miyaki, Cristina Y. We studied the phenotypic variation of the Atlantic Forest passerine Xiphorhynchus fuscus (Aves: Dendrocolaptidae) with the broad aim of addressing whether the history and type of forest affected the evolution of endemic taxa. We also tested whether the different subspecies and genetic lineages of X. fuscus could be considered full species. We collected plumage and body size measurements and, in combination with genetic data, used multivariate tests to evaluate the working hypotheses. Our results, combined with previous biogeographic analyses, indicate that vicariant events have been important determinants in the evolution of phenotypic characters of X. fuscus, once genetic isolation was complete. Our analysis also suggests that forest heterogeneity and ecotones are important factors in the early evolution of Atlantic Forest taxa, perhaps via divergent selection. Forest instability during the Pleistocene was critical in the evolution of phenotypic traits. We confirm that the subspecies atlanticus should be considered a full species. Other lineages or populations are also phenotypically differentiated but we do not suggest considering them as full species. They share high levels of gene flow and are part of a continuous latitudinal cline of phenotypic variation. Our study suggests that not all the historic events in the Atlantic Forest that affected the evolution of genetic lineages also influenced the evolution of phenotypic characters in the same direction and intensity. Undoubtedly, natural selection played a major role in the evolution of Atlantic Forest organisms.

Information retrieved from specimens at Natural History Collections can improve the quality of field-based ecological networks González Vaquero, Rocío Ana; Gravel, A. I.; Devoto, Mariano Numerous studies analyze the interactions between plants and their pollinators in ecological communities using a network approach. However, field studies rarely record all the interactions occurring in the field. In this sense Natural History Collections (NHCs) can provide information on interactions that may have been missed by field sampling. In this study we compare a network based on field sampling with a network based on data retrieved from specimens at NHCs, and we assess the degree to which these two sources of data are complementary. For this we used data available from a bee biodiversity study conducted in Southern Argentina for the South American bee genus Corynura (Halictidae: Augochlorini). Data on the floral associations of the specimens at NHCs were retrieved from the specimens’ labels, as the name of the plant species on which a given bee was captured is often recorded for many specimens at NHCs. Although field sampling recorded an unusually high number of insect-plant interactions, it misses some unique interactions present in the NHCs networks. Some structural properties of these networks are briefly analyzed, and usefulness and limitations of using NHCs data are discussed. We conclude that the information about insect-plant interactions extracted from NHCs could complement field-based data, especially in poorly sampled communities.

Testosterone cycle and regulation of reproductive events in the lizard Phymaturus punae (Liolaemidae) from the highlands of the Andes, Argentina. Boretto, Jorgelina Mariela; Fornes, Miguel Walter; Jahn, Graciela Alma; Acosta, Juan Carlos; Ibarguengoytía, Nora The genus Phymaturus, entirely viviparous and mostly herbivorous, inhabits the cold and 25 harsh environments of the Andean highlands of Argentina and Chile, and the Patagonian 26 steppe of Argentina. Phymaturus punae is a vulnerable lizard endemic to the Biosphere 27 Reserve San Guillermo (National Park and Provincial Reserve) in San Juan (Argentina) that 28 inhabits high altitudes of 3,100 to 4,200 m. The reproductive cycles of males and females of 29 P. punae have been described previously. Males perform a prenuptial and annual cycle, and 30 females reproduce once every two years. As a consequence, the adjustment in the timing of 31 males to the reproductive cycles of females must be very precise to ensure reproductive 32 success. We elucidate the time of mating and the asynchrony of males and females 33 reproductive events in P. punae based on endocrine and ultrastructural studies. Present 34 hormonal results support the idea that copulation in P. punae occurs at the end of the activity 35 season. Ultrastructural features observed in Sertoli and Leydig cells indicate that both types of 36 cells have the potential to synthesize steroid hormones, to support the spermatogenic cycle 37 and the mating period, respectively. In P. punae the cases of temporal asynchrony in steroid 38 activity, suggest that this mechanism must be important to start the spermatogenesis in spring, 39 supported by the steroid activity of Sertoli cells, since Leydig cells are inactive. Nevertheless 40 the asynchronic steroid mechanism seems to be more necessary in Phymaturus species with 41 continuous or postnuptial cycles, than in species with prenuptial cycles, like P. punae.

Una revisita al artículo 41 de la Constitución Nacional en diálogo con algunos debates contemporáneos del derecho ambiental Berros, María Valeria A veinte años de la última reforma constitucional se presenta la oportunidad para volver sobre el contenido del artículo 41 de la Constitución Nacional, incorporado dentro de los "Nuevos Derechos y Garantías". Esta revisita toma como punto de partida la construcción de una serie de reflexiones en torno a debates medulares y complejos, que exigen de aportes creativos al interior del derecho ambiental contemporáneo. Por un lado, se focaliza en elucidar la postura ética que subyace al contenido del artículo 41 y las nutridas discusiones que, en la actualidad, se desarrollan desde éticas que se desmarcan del antropocentrismo a partir de aportes del bio-centrismo y del eco-centrismo. Por el otro, el acento se coloca sobre el reciente proceso de consolidación del principio de no regresión en el derecho ambiental que, en nuestro ordenamiento jurídico, encuentra fundamento constitucional a partir del legado que debemos transmitir a las generaciones futuras.///La Revista de Derecho Ambiental constituye la más difundida publicación en Argentina, de carácter doctrinario e interdisciplinario, dedicada exclusivamente al derecho ambiental. Su comité consultivo nacional e internacional se encuentra compuesto por prestigiosos profesores e investigadores del área.

Condicionantes para la formación de capital productivo: Un análisis a partir de las pymes industriales de una economía regional; Productive capital formation constraints: an analysis based on regional economy SMEs Canafoglia, Eliana Celeste La dinámica industrial de los últimos años en la Argentina ha despertado un intenso debate en torno a los factores que explican (potencian y limitan) el desarrollo productivo. Es de interés en este trabajo discurrir por el sendero de la formación de capital como elemento clave en el proceso de reconstrucción del tejido industrial. Ahora bien, distinguir dicho proceso en agentes productivos pymes de subsectores industriales característicos de una economía regional contribuye a la definición de las restricciones presentes en términos de los medios disponibles y dificultades para afianzar dicho desarrollo.; The industrial dynamics of recent years in Argentina has aroused an intense debate about the factors that explain (enhance and limit) productive development. In this work we propose to go through the path of capital formation as a key element in the process of rebuilding the industrial base. However, distinguish this process in productive SME agents from characteristic industrial subsectors of a regional economy contributes to the definition of present constraints in terms of means available and difficulties in strengthen that development.

Effects of Larval Density and Habitat Drying on Developmental Success of Ochlerotatus albifasciatus (Diptera: Culicidae) in Urban Rain Pools: Evidence From Field and Experimental Studies Fischer, Sylvia Cristina; Sy, Victoria Elena; Campos, Raul Ernesto; Otero, Marcelo Javier Ochlerotatus albifasciatus (Macquart) (Diptera: Culicidae) larvae develop synchronously after rainfall events in ephemeral or temporary pools, where they occasionally attain very high abundance. The aims of the current study were to analyze the response of life history parameters such as daily larval mortality, time to pupation, and adult size of Oc. albifasciatus to increasing larval density under controlled conditions, and to analyze the relationships of daily larval mortality with density and environmental variables (drying rate, temperature, and season) in urban rain pools in Buenos Aires, Argentina. An exponential increase in mortality was observed at high larval densities under controlled conditions. Development times and adult size (wing length) differed between males and females, and were also affected by density. Development times extended for 0.36 d for each order of magnitude of increase in larval density, and wing length decreased 0.0021 mm per additional larva in 600 cm2. Larval density in the field varied from <1 larva per square meter to nearly 1100 larvae per square meter. Daily larval mortality values in the field were variable (0.02–0.91), positively related to the drying rate, and exhibited seasonal differences. No significant relation with larval density or temperature was found in the field. It remains to be established whether the density-independent mortality observed in this study is a generalized pattern of Oc. albifasciatus populations in Buenos Aires Province or a pattern restricted only to urban habitats.

DNA repair kinetic of hydrogen peroxide and UVA/B induced lesions in peripheral blood leucocytes from xeroderma pigmentosum patients and healthy subjects Prieto Gonzalez, Elio A.; Mudry, Marta Dolores; Palermo, Ana María The objective of the present work was to study the fine kinetics of DNA repair in xeroderma pigmentosum (XP) syndrome, a complex disorder linked to a deficiency in repair that increases cancer susceptibility. The repair process was evaluated by the comet assay (CA) in cells from 2 XP patients and 9 controls exposed to UVA/B (UVA 366/UVB 280 nm) and H2 O2 (150 µM) at temperatures of 4, 15, and 37°C. Samples were taken at 2-min intervals during the first 10 min to analyze the “fine kinetics” repair during the initial phase of the curve, and then at 15, 20, 25, 30, 45, 60, and 120 min. CA evaluation of DNA repair activity points to BER/NER initiation in the first 30 min with both inductors at 37°C and 15°C, but final comet length showed differences according to treatment. Repair kinetics during 120 min showed a good correlation with clinical features in both XP patients. Differences in final comet length were less pronounced in XP cells treated with H2 O2 than with UVA/B, probably because the peroxide produces mainly base oxidation but less bulky lesions; UVA/B generates a mixture of both. These findings reinforce the value of CA in testing in DNA repair ability or exposure monitoring

Probing the µνSSM with light scalars, pseudoscalars and neutralinos from the decay of a SM-like Higgs boson at the LHC Ghosh, Pradipta; Lopez, Daniel Elbio; Mitsou, Vasiliki A.; Muñoz, Carlos; Ruiz de Austri, Roberto The “µ from ν” supersymmetric standard model (µνSSM) can accommodate the newly discovered Higgs-like scalar boson with a mass around 125 GeV. This model provides a solution to the µ-problem and simultaneously reproduces correct neutrino physics by the simple use of right-handed neutrino superfields. These new superfields together with the introduced R-parity violation can produce novel and characteristic signatures of the µνSSM at the LHC. We explore the signatures produced through two-body Higgs decays into the new states, provided that these states lie below in the mass spectrum. For example, a pair produced light neutralinos depending on the associated decay length can give rise to displaced multi-leptons/taus/jets/photons with small/moderate missing transverse energy. In the same spirit, a Higgs-like scalar decaying to a pair of scalars/pseudoscalars can produce final states with prompt multi-leptons/taus/jets/photons.

Traveling planetary wave activity from mesopause region airglow temperatures determined by the Network for the Detection of Mesospheric Change (NDMC) Reisin, Esteban Rodolfo; Scheer, Jurgen; Dyrland, M. E.; Sigernes, F.; Deehr, C. S.; Schmidt, C.; Höppner, K.; Bittner, M.; Ammosov, P. P.; Gavrilyeva, G. A.; Stegman, J.; Perminov, V. I.; Semenov, A. I.; Knieling, P.; Koppmann, R.; Shiokawa, K.; Lowe, R. P.; López González, M. J.; Rodríguez, E.; Zhao, Y.; Taylor, M. J.; Buriti, R. A.; Espy, P. J.; French, W. J. R.; Eichmann, K. U.; Burrows, J. P.; von Savigny, C. The global distribution of  traveling planetary wave (PW)  activity in the mesopause region is estimated for the first time from ground-based airglow measurements. Monthly and total mean climatologies of  PW power are determined from rotational temperatures measured at 19 sites from 78ºN to 76°S which contribute to the Network for the Detection of Mesospheric Change (NDMC). Wave power is expressed as the standard deviation of nocturnal mean temperature around the seasonal temperature variation. The results from 20ºN confirm the SABER traveling PW proxy by Offermann et al. (2009) at two altitudes. Most sites between 69°S and 69°N show total mean traveling PW activity of about 6 K, and only some high latitude sites have considerably higher activity levels. At the two tropical sites, there is practically no seasonal variation of PW activity. At 70% of the midlatitude sites, the seasonal variation is moderate for most of the year, but it is quite appreciable at all high latitude sites. Results about traveling PW activity at 87 km and 95 km available from several sites signal similar behavior at both altitudes. The total mean climatological results here obtained have further been used to separate the traveling PW contribution from the superposition of wave types contained in OH rotational temperature fluctuations measured by the SCIAMACHY instrument on Envisat. A narrow equatorial wave activity maximum is probably caused by gravity waves, while a tendency towards greater activity at higher northern latitudes may be due to stationary planetary waves.

How Can Active Region Plasma Escape into the Solar Wind from Below a Closed Helmet Streamer? Mandrini, Cristina Hemilse; Nuevo, Federico Alberto; Vasquez, Alberto Marcos; Démoulin. P.; Van Driel Gesztelyi, L.; Baker, D.; Culhane, J. l.; Cristiani, Germán Diego; Pick, M. Recent studies show that active-region (AR) upflowing plasma, ob- served by the EUV-Imaging Spectrometer (EIS), onboard Hinode, can gain access to open field-lines and be released into the solar wind (SW) via magnetic- interchange reconnection at magnetic null-points in pseudo-streamer configu- rations. When only one bipolar AR is present on the Sun and it is fully covered by the separatrix of a streamer, such as AR 10978 in December 2007, it seems unlikely that the upflowing AR plasma can find its way into the slow SW. However, signatures of plasma with AR composition have been found at 1 AU by Culhane et al. (2014) apparently originating from the West of AR 10978. We present a detailed topology analysis of AR 10978 and the surrounding large-scale corona based on a potential-field source-surface (PFSS) model. Our study shows that it is possible for the AR plasma to get around the streamer separatrix and be released into the SW via magnetic reconnection, occurring in at least two main steps. We analyse data from the Nan ̧cay Radioheliograph (NRH) searching for evidence of the chain of magnetic reconnections proposed. We find a noise storm above the AR and several varying sources at 150.9 MHz. Their locations suggest that they could be associated with particles accelerated during the first- step reconnection process and at a null point well outside of the AR. However, we find no evidence of the second-step reconnection in the radio data. Our results demonstrate that even when it appears highly improbable for the AR plasma to reach the SW, indirect channels involving a sequence of reconnections can make it possible.

Linking Up to Development? Global Value Chains and the Making of a Post-Washington Consensus Werner, Marion; Bair, Jennifer; Fernández, Víctor Ramiro Over the last decade, the global value chain (GVC) approach, with its associated notions of chain governance and firm upgrading, has proliferated as a mode of analysis and of intervention amongst development institutions. This article examines the adoption and adaptation of GVCs at four multilateral agencies in order to understand the purchase of value chain approaches within the development field. Mixing GVC perspectives with other theoretical influences and applied practices, these institutions deploy value chain frameworks to signal a new generation of policies that promise both to consolidate, and to advance beyond, the market fundamentalism of the Washington Consensus. To achieve this, value chain development frameworks craft interventions directed toward various constellations of firm and non-firm actors as a ‘third way’ between state-minimalist and state-coordinated approaches. The authors identify key adaptations of the GVC framework including an emphasis on value chain governance as an instrument to correct market failure in partnership with state and development agencies, and upgrading as a de facto tool for poverty reduction. They find that efforts are ongoing to construct a ‘post’ to the Washington Consensus and that the global value chain is enabling this process by providing a new language and new object of development intervention: ‘the chain’ and the local–global linkages that comprise it.

Treatment with LPS plus INF-γ induces the expression and function of muscarinic acetylcholine receptors, modulating NIH3T3 cell proliferation: participation of NOS and COX Español, Alejandro Javier; Maddaleno, M. O.; Lombardi, Maria Gabriela; Cella, Maximiliano; Martinez Pulido, Paola; Sales, Maria Elena BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE: LPS and IFN-γ are potent stimuli of inflammation, a process in which fibroblasts are frequently involved. We analysed the effect of treatment with LPS plus IFN-γ on the expression and function of muscarinic acetylcholine receptors in NIH3T3 fibroblasts with regards to proliferation of these cells. We also investigated the participation of NOS and COX, and the role of NF-κB in this process. EXPERIMENTAL APPROACH: NIH3T3 cells were treated with LPS (10 ng·mL(-1)) plus IFN-γ (0.5 ng·mL(-1)) for 72 h (iNIH3T3 cells). Cell proliferation was evaluated with MTT and protein expression by Western blot analysis. NOS and COX activities were measured by the Griess method and radioimmunoassay respectively. KEY RESULTS: The cholinoceptor agonist carbachol was more effective at stimulating proliferation in iNIH3T3 than in NIH3T3 cells, probably due to the de novo induction of M3 and M5 muscarinic receptors independently of NF-κB activation. iNIH3T3 cells produced higher amounts of NO and PGE2 than NIH3T3 cells, concomitantly with an up-regulation of NOS1 and COX-2, and with the de novo induction of NOS2/3 in inflamed cells. We also found a positive feedback between NOS and COX that could potentiate inflammation. CONCLUSIONS AND IMPLICATIONS: Inflammation induced the expression of muscarinic receptors and, therefore,stimulated carbachol-induced proliferation of fibroblasts. Inflammation also up-regulated the expression of NOS and COX-2, thus potentiating the effect of carbachol on NO and PGE2 production. A positive crosstalk between NOS and COX triggered by carbachol in inflamed cells points to muscarinic receptors as potential therapeutic targets in inflammation.

Available Chlorine in household bleaches by using a new and easy spectrophotometric method Caucino, Florencia ; Calderón, Ruth ; Montes Spinsanti, Gimena ; Ciolino, Andrés Eduardo In this communication, an alternative method to determine the "available chlorine" in household bleach, based on the reaction of a known quantity of bleach with a standardized CuSO4.5H2O aqueous solution is proposed. The alkaline media of the bleach can promote the formation of both hydroxyl cupric sulfate and cupric hydroxide, which form a solid mixture that can be separated by filtration. Since the [Cu(H2O)6]2+(aq) complex has a maximum of absorbance at 815 nm, the remaining [Cu(H2O)6]2+(aq) complex in solution after the addition of thebleach can be obtained by spectrophotometric analysis. By using these measurements and the stoichiometry of the process, the "available chlorine" concentration in the household bleach can be easily estimated, in a fast and reliable fashion. The values obtained for different samples of commercial household bleaches by using this methodology were compared with those obtained with the standard sodium thiosulfate titration method. The differences between the values obtained, considering the titration method as the true value, were less than 2 %. Consequently, the spectrophotometric method presented in this communication offers the possibility of comparing the results with other well-established methods, and combines elegantly stoichiometry calculations and spectrophotometry measurements in one laboratory activity.

Morphological comparison of wild, farmed and hybrid specimens of two South American silversides, Odontesthes bonariensis and Odontesthes hatcheri Crichigno, Sonia Alejandra; Shohei Hattori, Ricardo; Strussmann, Carlos Augusto; Cussac, Victor Enrique In this study, body shape of hybrid and presumptive introgressed South American silversides was studied. Body shape of O. bonariensis and O. hatcheri from wild populations and farmed stocks was compared to provide basic information on the effects of fish farming on morphometric parameters. Subsequently, wild presumptive introgressed individuals and artificially hybridized farmed individuals were morphologically analysed to assess the effects of hybridization on the same parameters. Most farmed purebred individuals were shorter and higher than their wild counterparts, which is probably due to the favourable growth conditions compared to the wild habitat. However, the results evidenced that purebred individuals were more slender than both hybrid (farmed) fish and introgressed (wild) fish. Further studies on the growth performance of hybrid Odontesthes will be required in order to assess whether the combination of hybridization and sterilization could produce, under farming conditions, growth performances which satisfy the requirements of aquaculture.

Defining photometric peculiar type Ia Supernovae González Gaitán, S.; Hsiao, E. Y.; Pignata, G.; Förster, F.; Gutiérrez, C. P.; Bufano, F.; Galbany, L.; Folatelli, Gaston; Phillips, M. M.; Hamuy, M.; Anderson, J. P.; de Jaeger, T. We present a new photometric identification technique for SN 1991bg-like type Ia supernovae (SNe Ia), i.e., objects with light curve characteristics such as later primary maxima and the absence of a secondary peak in redder filters. This method is capable of selecting this sub-group from the normal type Ia population. Furthermore, we find that recently identified peculiar sub-types such as SNe Iax and super-Chandrasekhar SNe Ia have photometric characteristics similar to 91bg-like SNe Ia, namely, the absence of secondary maxima and shoulders at longer wavelengths, and can also be classified with our technique. The similarity of these different SN Ia sub-groups perhaps suggests common physical conditions. This typing methodology permits the photometric identification of peculiar SNe Ia in large upcoming wide-field surveys either to study them further or to obtain a pure sample of normal SNe Ia for cosmological studies.

Planar Normal Sections on Isoparametric Hypersurfaces and the infinity laplacian Barros, Julio; Sanchez, Cristian Urbano The present article is devoted to present a new characterization of the Cartan isoparametric hypersurfaces in terms of properties of the polynomial, that determines the algebraic set of planar normal sections on the homogeneous isoparametric hypersurfaces in spheres. We show that Cartan isoparametric hypersurfaces are the only homo- geneous isoparametric hypersurfaces in spheres for which the Innity Laplacian of the polynomial that denes the algebraic set of planar normal sections is the polynomial multiplied by the squared norm of the tangent vector. Since it is required for our work, we also give these polynomials for all homogeneous isoparametric hypersurfaces in spheres.

Inflation as a White Hole explosion from a 5D vacuum Bellini, Mauricio; Anabitarte, Mariano Using a new kind of 5D Ricci-flat canonical metric, we obtain by a static foliation an effective 4D Schwarzschild – de Sitter hypersurface. We examine some particular initial conditions that could be responsible for the inflationary expansion of the early universe, which could be driven by the explosion of a white hole (WH). The zeroth-order spectrum outside the WH describes quantum fluctuations, which for a scale invariant power spectrum, can be expressed in terms of the cosmological constant, or the square mass of the WH.

Screening concentration of E1, E2 and EE2 in sewage effluent and surface waters of the "Pampas" region and the "Río de la Plata" estuary (Argentina) Valdés, María Eugenia; Marino, Damian Jose Gabriel; Wunderlin, Daniel Alberto; Somoza, Gustavo Manuel; Ronco, Alicia Estela; Carriquiriborde, Pedro Concentrations of estrone (E1), 17β-estradiol (E2) and 17α-ethinylestradiol (EE2) were investigated for the first time in sewage effluents and receiving waters of the “Río de la Plata” estuary and neighboring areas by means of LC–MS/MS. E2 and EE2 were ubiquitous in the evaluated sewage effluent samples showing concentrations ranging between 122–631 and 65–187 ng/L, respectively. In surface waters, these estrogens were only detected in the “Girado” stream (Chascomús) at 369 and 43 ng/L, respectively. No significant relationship was found among the size of the served population and the concentration of the estrogens in the sewage effluent. The detection of these estrogens in receiving waters was dependent on the dilution capacity of the system. The studied estrogens were undetectable at the La Plata City water supply station. Conversely, concentrations found at the “Girado” stream indicate a potential ecotoxicological risk of these estrogens to the local aquatic biota.

Indole acetic acid is responsible for protection against oxidative stress caused by drought in soybean plants: the role of heme oxygenase induction López Lecube, Manuel; Noriega, Guillermo Osvaldo; Santa Cruz, Diego Mario; Tomaro, Maria Lujan; Batlle, Alcira Maria del C.; Balestrasse, Karina Beatriz Objectives This study was focused on the role of indole acetic acid (IAA) in the defense against oxidative stress damage caused by drought in soybean plants and to elucidate whether heme oxygenase-1 (HO-1) and nitric oxide (NO) are involved in this mechanism. IAA is an auxin that participates in many plant processes including oxidative stress defense, but to the best of our knowledge no information is yet available about its possible action in drought stress. Methods To this end, soybean plants were treated with 8% polyethylene glycol (PEG) or 100 µM IAA. To evaluate the behavior of IAA, plants were pretreated with this compound previous to PEG addition. Lipid peroxidation levels (thiobarbituric acid reactive substances (TBARS)), glutathione (GSH) and ascorbate (AS) contents, catalase (CAT), superoxide dismutase (SOD), and guaiacol peroxidase (POD) activities were determined to evaluate oxidative damage. Results Drought treatment (8% PEG) caused a significant increase in TBARS levels as well as a marked decrease in the non-enzymatic (GSH and AS) and enzymatic (CAT, SOD, and POD) antioxidant defense systems. Pre-treatment with IAA prevented the alterations of stress parameters caused by drought, while treatment with IAA alone did not produce changes in TBARS levels, or GSH and AS contents. Moreover, the activities of the classical enzymes involved in the enzymatic defense system (SOD, CAT, and POD) remained similar to control values. Furthermore, this hormone could enhance HO-1 activity (75% with respect to controls), and this increase was positively correlated with protein content as well as gene expression. The direct participation of HO-1 as an antioxidant enzyme was established by performing experiments in the presence of Zn-protoporphyrin IX, a well-known irreversible inhibitor of this enzyme. It was also demonstrated that HO-1 is modulated by NO, as shown by experiments performed in the presence of an NO donor (sodium nitroprusside), an NO scavenger (2-(4-carboxyphenyl)-4,4,5,5-tetramethylimidazoline-1-oxyl-3-oxide), or an NO synthesis inhibitor (N-nitro-l-arginine methyl ester, NAME). Discussion It is concluded that IAA is responsible, at least in part, for the protection against oxidative stress caused by drought in soybean plants through the modulation of NO levels which, in turn, enhances HO-1 synthesis and activity.

Sistema biorremediador para tratamiento de suelos y/o aguas contaminadas Scotti, Adalgisa; Godeas, Alicia Margarita; Silvani, Vanesa Analia La presente se refiere a un sistema biorremediador para tratamiento de suelos y/o aguas contaminadas. El sistema está formado por una planta hiperacumuladora, un hongo formador de micorrizas arbusculares y la coenzima metálica Cinc (Zn), desarrollados en un sustrato compuesto con cenizas volcánicas, absorbiendo metales pesados y radiosótopos en suelos y aguas contaminadas. A causa de la contaminación de suelos y aguas por metales pesados resulta de interés disponer de mecanismos de simbiosis, sinergia de metales, estimulación enzimática etc. que permitan aumentar la capacidad de biorremediación del sistema para disponer como herramientas de captación de metales en la fitorremediación. Las ventajas de la presente sobre otros sistemas consisten en: la obtención de mayores coeficientes de bioacumulación y una mayor eficiencia del sistema