La regulación de los servicios de agua y saneamiento en el área metropolitana de Buenos Aires (AMBA), Argentina; Water and drainage services regulation at the Metropolitan area of Buenos Aires (AMBA), Argentina Minaverry, Clara María; Caceres, Veronica Lucia El presente trabajo centra la atención en las convergencias y diferencias que asumen los esquemas regulatorios que coexisten en el el Área Metropolitana de Buenos Aires AMBA. Para lo cual en primer lugar, se presentan algunos aspectos metodológicos que encuadran el análisis; en segundo se realiza una caracterización del territorio en estudio y de las particularidades de los servicios; y en tercer lugar, se caracterizan aspectos regulatorios y se reflexiona sobre los desafíos de la expansión de la cobertura. Metodológicamente, se recurrió a la observación documental de doctrina, legislación e informes de las empresas de agua; y desde el punto de vista cuantitativo, se analizaron los datos del Censo Nacional de Población, Vivienda y Hogares de los años 2001 y 2010. En lo que concierne a la provisión de agua y saneamiento, el territorio se encuentra bajo el área de prestación de dos empresas principales de gestión pública: una bajo jurisdicción de la Nación: Agua y Saneamientos Argentinos S.A. (en adelante AySA) creada en 2006 y otra bajo la órbita de la PBA: Aguas Bonaerense S.A. (en adelante ABSA) creada en 2002. Estas empresas fueron constituidas tras la salida de los operadores privados: Aguas Argentinas S.A. y Azurix S.A. respectivamente. Dichos operadores ingresaron al sector en la década del noventa y tras incumplimientos reiterados en las metas de inversión, problemas de calidad, etc. sus contratos fueron rescindidos y tanto el Estado nacional como provincial optaron por re-estatizar los servicios.Se concluye que: a) la cobertura de los servicios expresa niveles de desigualdad territorial significativos, y que la universalización ha sido contemplada legalmente en los marcos regulatorios, aunque en el caso de ABSA sin estipular un plazo temporal para lograrla; b) los marcos que regulan a las empresas del AMBA no acuerdan sanciones a los incumplimientos legales a las obligaciones asumidas por las empresas prestarías de los servicios; c) existe un solapamiento normativo ya que la concesión de AySA incluye a municipios pertenecientes a la Provincia de Buenos Aires (que ya han sido mencionados anteriormente), respecto de los cuales se les podría aplicar diversa normativa que en muchos casos es contradictoria.; We focus our attention at the convergences and differences of Buenos Aires Metropolitan Area AMBA regulation. In the first place, we present some methodological aspects in connection with our analysis, in the second place we make a characterization of the territory study and of the services features, and in the third place; we analyze regulatory issues and reflect about coverage expansion challenges. Methodologically, we observed documents: jurisprudence, regulations and water companies reports, and from a quantitative point of view, we analyzed information from the Population and Housing National Census of 2001 and 2010. The territory is under water and drainage provision supplied by two main public companies; one of national jurisdiction: Agua y Saneamientos Argentinos S.A. (AySA) which was created in 2006, and the other one under the Buenos Aires Province jurisdiction (ABSA) which was created in 2002. These two companies appeared after the private operators exit: Aguas Argentinas S.A. and Azurix S.A. respectively. Both joined the water area in the nineties and after continuously unfulfilments of investment goals, quality problems, etc, their agreements were terminated and the National and Provincial governments chose to re-nationalize these services. We can conclude that: a) the services coverage show important territorial inequalities and that universalization have been included by regulation, but in the case of ABSA it does not fix a temporal period; b) these legal frameworks regulate the AMBA companies, but do not incorporate sanctions for legal unfulfilments produced by water companies; c) there is a legal overlapping, because the AySA concession provides water and drainage services to local governments from Buenos Aires Province (which were mentioned before), where could be applied different regulations which sometimes contradict each other.

Vas uacuum et signatum: la imagen del judío en los Dialogi y el problema de la autoría gregoriana Laham Cohen, Rodrigo Jaime El presente trabajo se centra en el estudio de la imagen de los judíos presente en los Dialogi, obra tradicionalmente atribuida a Gregorio Magno pero sujeta a un amplio debate en torno a su autoría, ya desde la temprana modernidad pero, sobre todo, a partir de la obra de Francis Clark. En primer lugar, realizamos un análisis minucioso del único exemplum en el que un judío es protagonista, intentando poner en relación las coordenadas espacio-temporales de la narración, con los datos provenientes del Registrum epistularum gregoriano. A partir de tal aproximación, investigamos si la imagen de los hebreos presentada en los Dialogi es coherente con el modo en el que son exhibidos en las obras gregorianas de corte teológico. De este modo, creemos aportar un nuevo elemento al debate sobre la autoría de los Dialogi.; The aim of our paper is to analyze the way the Jews are portrayed in the Dialogi. This piece, traditionally attributed to Gregory the Great, was subject of debate about its true authorship since the early modernity and, especially, from Francis Clark’s work. In order to address this problem, we will carry out a meticulous analysis of the only exemplum in which the actor is a Jew, contrasting the coordinates of this story with the information obtained from the Gregorian Registrum epistularum. As a second step, we will investigate to what extent the image of the Hebrews from the Dialogi matches or not with the one presented in the Gregorian theological works. We consider this procedure will allow us to contribute with a new element to the debate on the Gregorian authorship of the Dialogi, as well as achieve an in-depth look at the issue of the image of the Jews in Gregory’s work.; Le but de cet article est de présenter l’image des juifs dans une œuvre connue sous le nom de Dialogi, dont l’attribution à Grégoire le Grand a été contestée depuis la modernité et surtout aujourd’hui après les recherches de Francis Clark. En premier lieu, notre recherche s’attaque à l’étude du seul exemplum ayant un juif comme protagoniste, pour le mettre en rapport avec les données du Registrum epistolarum de Grégoire. Nous étudions ensuite les rapports entre l’image des juifs dans les Dialogi et celle qui est présentée dans les œuvres grégoriennes à portée théologique. Nous espérons ainsi apporter de nouveaux éléments à la discussion sur l’auteur des Dialogi et obtenir un aperçu approfondi de l’image des juifs dans l’œuvre de Grégoire.

Análisis de 12 años de medición de un fotómetro solar instalado en Falda del Carmen, provincia de Córdoba; Analysis of 12 years measurements of an aeronet sunphotometer installed in Falda del Carmen, province of Cordoba Otero, Lidia Ana; Ristori, Pablo Roberto; Pallotta, Juan Vicente; Pawelko, Ezequiel Eduardo; D'elia, Raul Luis; Quel, Eduardo Jaime El objetivo fundamental de este trabajo es determinar el tipo de aerosoles que caracteriza la región centro-norte de la Argentina, su comportamiento y su variabilidad interanual. Para ello se presenta un análisis estadístico de los datos obtenidos con un fotómetro solar que estuvo en funcionamiento durante doce años, (1999 - 2010), en la estación Córdoba – CETT de AERONET (NASA) instalada en el Centro Espacial Teófilo Tabanera, (31,5º S; 64,5º O) en Falda del Carmen, provincia de Córdoba. Se comparan estos resultados con los obtenidos en trabajos anteriores, realizados con un conjunto de datos correspondiente a los años 2000 y 2001. Se estudia la representatividad de las mediciones, su evolución y cambios que ha sufrido la región en los últimos años en cuanto a su carga aerosólica.; The objective of this work is to determine the type of aerosols that characterizes the north-central region of Argentina, their behavior and interannual variability. This paper presents a statistical analysis of the data obtained with solar photometer was in operation for twelve years (1999 - 2010) in Córdoba station - CETT AERONET (NASA) installed in the Teófilo Tabanera Space Center, (31.5 ° S, 64.5 ° W) in Falda del Carmen, province of Cordoba. The results are compared with those obtained in previous work, performed with a data set for the years 2000 and 2001. The representativeness of the measurements, their evolution and the changes that the region has experienced during recent years in terms of aerosol load are studied.

Cylindrical wormholes with positive cosmological constant Richarte, Martín Gustavo We construct cylindrical, traversable wormholes with finite radii by taking into account the cutand-paste procedure for the case of cosmic string manifolds with a positive cosmological constant. Under reasonable assumptions about the equation of state of the matter located at the shell, we find that the wormhole throat undergoes a monotonous evolution provided it moves at a constant velocity. In order to explore the dynamical nonlinear behaviour of the wormhole throat, we consider that the matter at the shell is supported by anisotropic Chaplygin gas, anti-Chaplygin gas, or a mixed of Chaplygin and anti-Chaplygin gases implying that wormholes could suffer an accelerated expansion or contraction but the oscillatory behavior seems to be forbidden.

Modeling natural photic entrainment in a subterranean rodent (Ctenomys aff. knighti), the tuco-tuco Flôres, Danilo E. F. L.; Tomotani, Barbara M.; Tachinardi, Patricia; Oda, Gisele Akemi; Valentinuzzi, Verónica Sandra Subterranean rodents spend most of the day inside underground tunnels, where there is little daily change in environmental variables. Our observations of tuco-tucos (Ctenomys aff. knighti) in a field enclosure indicated that these animals perceive the aboveground light-dark cycle by several bouts of light-exposure at irregular times during the light hours of the day. To assess whether such light-dark pattern acts as an entraining agent of the circadian clock, we first constructed in laboratory the Phase Response Curve for 1 h light-pulses (1000lux). Its shape is qualitatively similar to other curves reported in the literature and to our knowledge it is the first Phase Response Curve of a subterranean rodent. Computer simulations were performed with a non-linear limit-cycle oscillator subjected to a simple model of the light regimen experienced by tuco-tucos. Results showed that synchronization is achieved even by a simple regimen of a single daily light pulse scattered uniformly along the light hours of the day. Natural entrainment studies benefit from integrated laboratory, field and computational approaches.

Low-Dimensional magnetic systems in nanopore arrays Bajales Luna, Noelia; Viqueira, María Soledad; Avalle, Lucia Bernardita; Urreta, Silvia Elena; Bercoff, Paula Gabriela FeCo nanowires 20 nm diameter are synthesized by AC electrodeposition using AAO membranes as templates. The hysteresis and structural properties of the as deposited nanowire arrays are characterized. The orientation dependence of the coercive field measured in the array is compared with the predictions of a magnetization reversal model involving the nucleation and propagation of a transverse wall. The model is promissory because it predicts the experimental curve shape quite well.

Hysteresis properties of hexagonal arrays of FePd nanowires Viqueira, María Soledad; García, Sebastián Eduardo; Urreta, Silvia Elena; Pozo Lopez, Gabriela del Valle; Fabietti, Luis Maria Rodolfo FePd nanowires (NWs) with different compositions have been grown into anodized aluminum oxide templates (AAO) by AC electrodeposition at room temperature. The effects of nanowire composition and morphology on the hysteresis properties of the ordered array of NWs are investigated. All the NWs are polycrystalline; the Fe-rich wires have a bcc structure while the Pd rich ones are fcc. FePd NWs are ferromagnetic and the spontaneous magnetization is found to be parallel to the nanowire long axis (out of plane easy axis) and both, the saturation polarization and the coercive field increase with the iron content.

Historia/Histoire(s). Las imágenes de Walter Benjamin y Jean-Luc Godard; Histories/Histoire(s). Images of Walter Benjamin and Jean-Luc Godard Taccetta, Natalia Roberta A partir de Histoire(s) du cinéma de Jean-Luc Godard, se intenta revisar algunas nociones fundamentales de la filosofía de la historia de Walter Benjamin. Esto implica volver sobre la importancia del montaje como mecánica historiadora y sobre el modo en que la re-escritura de la historia posibilita miradas políticamente informadas más acordes con la “historia a contrapelo” benjaminiana. En este sentido, se vuelve ineludible la noción de “ruina” que permite volver sobre la mirada heterodoxa de Benjamin, opuesta a los sentidos históricos únicos y la racionalización teleológica de los acontecimientos.; Taking as our starting point Jean-Luc Godard´s film Histoire(s) du cinéma, we intend to review some basic concepts of Walter Benjamin’s philosophy of history. This implies the return to montage as a historic procedure and also to the way in which the re-writing of history enables new political views according to the benjaminian notion of “history against the grain”. In this sense, it becomes unavoidable the notion of “ruin” that allows an unorthodox look at History, different from those which propose a single historical meaning or the teleological rationalization of events.

Export emergence of differentiated goods from developing countries: Export pioneers and business practices in Argentina Artopoulos, Alejandro; Friel, Daniel; Hallak, Juan Carlos This study explores the underlying factors that enable firms from developing countries to successfully export differentiated goods to developed countries. The article describes four case studies of export emergence in differentiated-good sectors in Argentina, namely wine, television programs, motorboats, and wooden furniture. The case studies rely primarily on an extensive set of interviews. We find that consistent exporters to developed countries adopt a new set of business practices that differ starkly from those that prevail in their domestic market. In three of the sectors, an export pioneer led the adoption of these new practices. Export pioneers possessed tacit knowledge about foreign markets, achieved through their previous embeddedness in the business community of those markets. Export emergence occurs as business practices diffuse throughout the sector. These findings point to the importance of foreign market knowledge, relative to production knowledge, as the key constraint to achieve consistent export to developed countries.

Historiografía y educación peronista: un estado de la cuestión sobre historia de la educación durante el primer peronismo Perrupato, Sebastian Domingo El presente artículo tiene por objetivo indagar y analizar la producción historiográfica sobre la educación durante el primer peronismo. Entendemos que la misma ha sido el resultado de la reapertura democrática y que su producción resulta aún hoy una cantera abierta de recursos y documentos historiográficos que esperan ser explorados y analizados por generaciones futuras.; This article aims to investigate and analyze the historiographical production about education during the first Peronist. We understand that it has been the result of the return to democracy and that their production is still today an open quarry historiographical resources and documents waiting to be explored and analyzed by future generations.

Sistema de planificación paciente-específico para medicina nuclear; Patient-specific planning system for nuclear medicine Pérez, Pedro Antonio; Malano, Francisco Mauricio; Valente, Mauro Andres Diferentes radionucleídos han demostrado ser apropiados para radioinmunoterapia (RI). La performance dosimétrica de cada radionucleído debe ser cuidadosamente estudiada y caracterizada antes del tratamiento. Estos estudios pueden ayudar tanto a optimizar el daño al tumor a irradiar, como a minimizar la probabilidad de complicaciones en los órganos sensibles cercanos al mismo. Debido a esto, es de gran interés introducir imágenes paciente-específicas durante la planificación y el proceso de cálculo para mejorar y optimizar la performance dosimétrica. En este sentido, tanto la actividad metabólica/funcional del tumor como la anatomía del paciente,deben ser incorporadas. Las técnicas de imaging metabólico han mostrado ser metodologías valiosas de diagnóstico no invasivas. Además, la tomografía computada por rayos-X puede ser usada para generar imágenes 3D con información de las estructuras anatómicas. En la actualidad, las técnicas de imaging dual como el PETCT o el SPECT-CT son capaces de combinar tanto los métodos de imaging funcional como anatómico, incluso alcanzando un matching preciso entre ellos.; Different radionuclides have proved to be appropriated for radioimmunotherapy. Dosimetric performance of each radionuclide has to be carefully studied and characterized before any treatment. These studies can help to optimize both the damage to the tumor to be irradiated and minimize the probability of complications in sensitive organs close to the tumor. It would be desirable to introduce patient specific images during the planning and calculations process in order to improve and optimize dosimetric performance. In this sense, both the tumor activity and the patient anatomy should be incorporated. Metabolic imaging techniques have shown to be valuable non-invasive and reliable diagnostic methodologies. Besides, X-Ray computed tomography can be used to generate 3D-images with information about patient anatomical structures. Nowadays, dual imaging techniques like PET-CT or SPECT-CT are capable to suitably combine both functional and anatomical imaging methods even assessing accurate matching between them.

Intenciones y artefactos: sobre el enfoque hilpineano de autoría en el ámbito de los objetos técnicos Parente, Diego Carlos El presente trabajo tiene como objetivo fundamental discutir críticamente algunas de la tesis principales del planteo hilpineano sobre los artefactos técnicos y establecer las limitaciones inherentes a su modelo de autoría. Con este propósito se reconstruyen, en primer término, los conceptos vertebradores de la posición de Hilpinen para luego indagar sus supuestos a través de un análisis de su aplicación al campo de producción contemporánea y al territorio de los bioartefactos.

Debatiendo lo rural y la ruralidad: un aporte desde el sudeste de la provincia de Buenos Aires; el caso del partido de Tres Arroyos; Debatendo o rural e a ruralidade: uma contribuição do sudeste da província de Buenos Aires; o caso do partido de Tres Arroyos; Discussing the Rural and Rurality: A Contribution from the Southeast of the Province of Buenos Aires; The Case of the Division of Tres Arroyos Mikkelsen, Claudia Andrea El objetivo del artículo consiste en discutir la presencia de una ruralidad complementaria a partir del caso del partido de Tres Arroyos, ubicado en el sudeste de la provincia de Buenos Aires (Argentina). Este análisis se hace en el marco de la “agricultura científica”, que implica, en cuanto a los lugares, la puesta en marcha de mecanismos que se ajusten a las potencialidades y especificidades de cada recorte territorial. Metodológicamente, fue central la lectura de literatura especializada, la revisión de documentos históricos, estadísticos y fotográficos, la sistematización y análisis de datos provenientes de censos de población y de censos agropecuarios, así como también la observación directa. Puede decirse que el espacio rural es testigo de profundos cambios y, a la vez, objeto de nuevas vocaciones.; O objetivo do artigo consiste em discutir a presença de uma ruralidade complementária a partir do caso do partido de Tres Arroyos, localizado no sudeste da província de Buenos Aires (Argentina). Esta análise é feita no âmbito da “agricultura científica”, que implica, em relação aos lugares, a implementação de mecanismos que se ajustem às potencialidades e especificidades de cada recorte territorial. Metodologicamente, foi fundamental a leitura de literatura especializada, a revisão de documentos históricos, estatísticos e fotográficos, a sistematização e análise de dados provenientes de censos de população e de censos agropecuários, assim como também a observação direta. Pode-se dizer que o espaço rural é testemunha de profundas mudanças e, por sua vez, de novas vocações.; The aim of the article is to discuss the existence of complementary form of rurality on the basis of the case of Tres Arroyos, located to the southeast of the province of Buenos Aires, Argentina. The analysis is framed within the field of “scientific agriculture”, which involves the implementation of mechanisms adjusted to the potential and specificities of each territory. The methodology included a review of the specialized literature, as well as of historical, statistical, and photographic photographs, and the systematization and analysis of data gathered from population and agricultural censuses and direct observation. It is possible to conclude that rural areas are experiencing profound changes and shifting toward new uses.

A molecular biology and phase II trial of lapatinib in children with refractory CNS malignancies: a pediatric brain tumor consortium study. Fouladi, Maryam; Stewart, Clinton F.; Blaney, Susan M.; Onar Thomas, Arzu; Schaiquevich, Paula Susana; Packer, Roger J.; Goldman, Stewart; Geyer, J. Rusell; Gajjar, Amar; Kun, Larry E.; Boyett, James M.; Gilbertson, Richard J. High expression of ERBB2 has been reported in medulloblastoma and ependymoma; EGFR is amplified and over-expressed in brainstem glioma suggesting these proteins as potential therapeutic targets. We conducted a molecular biology (MB) and phase II study to estimate inhibition of tumor ERBB signaling and sustained responses by lapatinib in children with recurrent CNS malignancies. In the MB study, patients with recurrent medulloblastoma, ependymoma, and high-grade glioma (HGG) undergoing resection were stratified and randomized to pre-resection treatment with lapatinib 900 mg/m(2) dose bid for 7-14 days or no treatment. Western blot analysis of ERBB expression and pathway activity in fresh tumor obtained at surgery estimated ERBB receptor signaling inhibition in vivo. Drug concentration was simultaneously assessed in tumor and plasma. In the phase II study, patients, stratified by histology, received lapatinib continuously, to assess sustained response. Eight patients, on the MB trial (four medulloblastomas, four ependymomas), received a median of two courses (range 1-6+). No intratumoral target inhibition by lapatinib was noted in any patient. Tumor-to-plasma ratios of lapatinib were 10-20 %. In the 34 patients (14 MB, 10 HGG, 10 ependymoma) in the phase II study, lapatinib was well-tolerated at 900 mg/m(2) dose bid. The median number of courses in the phase II trial was two (range 1-12). Seven patients (three medulloblastoma, four ependymoma) remained on therapy for at least four courses range (4-26). Lapatinib was well-tolerated in children with recurrent or CNS malignancies, but did not inhibit target in tumor and had little single agent activity.

Molecular and serological characterization of species B2 adenovirus strains isolated from children hospitalized with acute respiratory disease in Buenos Aires, Argentina Kajon, Adriana E.; Jong, Jan C. de; Dickson, Laura; Arron, Georgina; Murtagh, Patricia; Viale, Diana; Carballal, Guadalupe; Echavarría, Marcela Silvia BACKGROUND: Between September 2000 and November 2005, approximately 10% of the retrospectively examined human adenovirus (HAdV)-positive pediatric cases of acute respiratory disease (ARD) requiring hospitalization at the Hospital Nacional de Pediatria Juan P. Garrahan in Buenos Aires, Argentina, were found to have a HAdV-B2 infection. OBJECTIVE: To characterize genetically and antigenically the HAdV-B2 virus isolates. STUDY DESIGN: Restriction enzyme analysis (REA), hexon and fiber gene sequencing and virus neutralization assays (VN) were carried out on 8 HAdV-B2 respiratory virus isolates. RESULTS: REA showed that the 8 examined HAdV-B2 virus isolates were HAdV11, belonging to two genomic variants: HAdV11a and a BclI variant of HAdV11c which we designated 11c4. Molecular analysis of the hexon genes showed that both REA variants had a HAdV11-like hexon gene. Confirming previous reports, the 7 HAdV11a virus isolates were found to have HAdV14-like fiber genes and therefore are HAdV H11/F14. The fiber gene of the HAdV11c4 virus isolates most closely resembled that of various strains of HAdV7. In VN assays, the 4 tested HAdV11a strains were serotyped as HAdV11-14. The HAdV11c4 strain was serotyped as HAdV11 but also showed a weak but significant reactivity with antiserum to HAdV7. Compared with the other HAdV-positive cases in our study, infection with HAdV11 caused a similarly severe disease. CONCLUSIONS: Our results provide evidence to the long term world-wide circulation of HAdV H11/F14 as a causative agent of ARD. Combined, our molecular and serology data support the rationale to base the molecular typing and designation of recombinant viruses on the sequences of the hexon and fiber genes.

Análisis y distribución espacial de la vulnerabilidad social en la provincia de Salta, Argentina; Analysis and spatial distribution of social vulnerability in the province of Salta, Argentina Abeldaño Zuñiga, Roberto Ariel; Estario, Juan Carlos; Fernandez, Alicia Ruth A lo largo de su historia, la provincia de Salta ha sido afectada por distintos tipos de desastres, siendo aquellos de origen hidrometeorológico los más predominantes. Se acepta que para que se produzca una situación de desastre, una amenaza debe operar sobre una comunidad en situación de vulnerabilidad, esto es el grado de exposición de una familia o una comunidad, dada la probabilidad de ocurrencia de un peligro potencialmente dañino, y la insuficiencia o incapacidad de protegerse. Se realizó un análisis descriptivo de la base de datos correspondiente a los datos de la provincia de Salta del Censo Nacional de Población y Vivienda del año 2001, procesados a través de Redatam + SP Process. Se construyeron índices de acuerdo a la metodología empleada por Melina Con, a partir de las dimensiones: hacinamiento del hogar, calidad de los materiales de la vivienda, carga de dependencia sobre los perceptores de ingresos, las posibilidades de acceso al sistema de salud, y aspectos educativos del hogar. Los resultados obtenidos dan cuenta de que las zonas más alejadas a la región centro son las más postergadas y fundamentalmente los departamentos de la región este de la provincia de Salta. Se destaca la cantidad de hogares que acumulan 2 o más dimensiones de vulnerabilidad.; Throughout its history, Salta has been affected by several disasters, hydrometeorological ones have been the most prevalent. It is accepted that for a disaster situation to happen, a threat must operate on a vulnerable community; i.e., the degree of exposure of a family or a community in case of harmful hazards, and their failure or inability to protect themselves. We performed a descriptive analysis of the database corresponding to the information about the province of Salta gathered through the National Census of Population and Housing 2001, processed with Redatam + SP Process. Indexes were made according to the methodology employed by Melina Con, based on sizes: overcrowding, quality of building materials, dependency burden on income earners, access to health care, and learning aspects of the home. Results show that the furthest areas from the central region are the most neglected ones, mainly those in the eastern area of the province of Salta. An important number of households accumulate 2 or more dimensions of vulnerability.

Effect of antibiotics against Mycoplasma sp. on human embryonic stem cells undifferentiated status, pluripotency, cell viability and growth Romorini, Leonardo; Riva, Diego Ariel; Bluguermann, Carolina; Videla Guillermo, Richardson; Scassa, Maria Elida; Sevlever, Gustavo; Miriuka, Santiago Gabriel Human embryonic stem cells (hESCs) are self-renewing pluripotent cells that can differentiate into specialized cells and hold great promise as models for human development and disease studies, cell-replacement therapies, drug discovery and in vitro cytotoxicity tests. The culture and differentiation of these cells are both complex and expensive, so it is essential to extreme aseptic conditions. hESCs are susceptible to Mycoplasma sp. infection, which is hard to detect and alters stem cell-associated properties. The purpose of this work was to evaluate the efficacy and cytotoxic effect of PlasmocinTM and ciprofloxacin (specific antibiotics used for Mycoplasma sp. eradication) on hESCs. Mycoplasma sp. infected HUES-5 884 (H5 884, stable hESCs H5-brachyury promoter-GFP line) cells were effectively cured with a 14 days PlasmocinTM 25 µg/ml treatment (curative treatment) while maintaining stemness characteristic features. Furthermore, cured H5 884 cells exhibit the same karyotype as the parental H5 line and expressed GFP, through up-regulation of brachyury promoter, at day 4 of differentiation onset. Moreover, H5 cells treated with ciprofloxacin 10 µg/ml for 14 days (mimic of curative treatment) and H5 and WA09 (H9) hESCs treated with PlasmocinTM 5 µg/ml (prophylactic treatment) for 5 passages retained hESCs features, as judged by the expression of stemness-related genes (TRA1-60, TRA1-81, SSEA-4, Oct-4, Nanog) at mRNA and protein levels. In addition, the presence of specific markers of the three germ layers (brachyury, Nkx2.5 and cTnT: mesoderm; AFP: endoderm; nestin and Pax-6: ectoderm) was verified in in vitro differentiated antibiotic-treated hESCs. In conclusion, we found that PlasmocinTM and ciprofloxacin do not affect hESCs stemness and pluripotency nor cell viability. However, curative treatments slightly diminished cell growth rate. This cytotoxic effect was reversible as cells regained normal growth rate upon antibiotic withdrawal.

"Prosperidad y espiritualismo para todos": un análisis sobre la noción de emprendedor en eventos masivos de Buenos Aires Vargas, Patricia Beatriz; Viotti, Nicolas Este artículo pretende contribuir al análisis del valor del emprendedurismo en las sociedades modernas contemporáneas. A partir del retrato etnográfico de grandes eventos públicos realizados en la ciudad de Buenos Aires vinculados con el emprendedurismo empresarial y las espiritualidades alternativas, se enfatizan aquí dos dimensiones específicas: los valores de la realización personal, concentrados en la búsqueda de prosperidad, y el modo en que los grandes eventos promueven formas novedosas de socialidad entre colectivos identificados con las clases medias.; This article discusses the value of entrepreneurship in contemporary modern societies. From an ethnographic portrait of big public events in the city of Buenos Aires associated with business entrepreneurship and alternative spirituality. We emphasize two particular dimensions: the values of self-realization, focused on finding prosperity, and the way in which big events promote new forms of sociality among groups identified with urban middle classes.

Genetic diversity of phosphate-solubilizing peanut (Arachis hypogaea L.) associated bacteria and mechanisms involved in this ability Anzuay, María Soledad; Frola, Ornella; Angelini, Jorge Guillermo; Ludueña, Liliana Mercedes; Fabra, Adriana Isidora; Taurian, Tania In this study, attempts were made to analyze mechanisms involved in the bacterial phosphate-solubilizing ability of peanut isolates. Bacteria were taxonomically identified by analysis of 16S rDNA sequence. Levels of soluble P released by the isolates in unbuffered or buffered with Tris–HCl or MES NBRIP-BPB medium as well as the production of D-gluconic acid were determined in their culture. Presence of two of the genes encoding the cofactor PQQ of GDH enzyme was analyzed in the genome of this bacterial collection. 16S rDNA sequence analysis indicated that isolates belong to genera Serratia, Enterobacter, Pantoea, Acinetobacter, Bacillus and Enterococcus. All bacteria showed ability to solubilize tricalcium phosphate either in unbuffered or buffered medium. Nevertheless, addition of buffer solutions reduced levels of Pi liberated by the isolates. Although almost all isolates produced detectable amounts of D-gluconic acid, no correlation with levels of P soluble released were observed. The presence of pqqE and pqqC genes was detected only in Gram negative bacteria. It was concluded from this study that the mechanism involved in phosphate solubilization is organic acids production and, presence of pqq genes in all Gram negative bacteria analyzed encourages to confirm their role in bacterial phosphate solubilizing ability as well to identify genes involved in this PGP trait in Gram positive bacteria.

Agricultura familiar y políticas públicas en la Argentina de los últimos años: algunas reflexiones en torno a una relación compleja; Family farm and public policies in Argentina in recent years: some reflections on a complex relationship Nogueira, Maria Elena El siguiente trabajo pretende contribuir a la discusión actual sobre agricultura familiar. Este tipo de producción ha sido materia de infinidad de análisis y tiene, en la actualidad de las políticas orientadas al desarrollo rural en Argentina, una gran relevancia. En el último tiempo ha habido en ellas un viraje que, al menos en términos propositivos, permite pensar al sujeto de la agricultura familiar con una mirada mayormente anclada en aspectos territoriales, culturales y políticos que en buena medida resultan novedosos y habilitan a considerar más exhaustivamente esta porción de la estructura social agraria. El trabajo tiene como objetivo discutir los usos de esta categoría, poniendo especial énfasis en las políticas públicas que se orientan a estos sujetos en la actualidad. Para ello, se analizaron fuentes oficiales al respecto y una serie de trabajos académicos relevantes para la realidad de Argentina y buena parte de América Latina.; This paper aims to contribute to the ongoing discussion on family farm. This type of production has been the subject of analysis and has a great importance in rural development-oriented policies in Argentina. In recent times there has been a change in its treatment, at least in propositional terms that suggests the inclusion of territorial aspects, cultural and political factors that are largely new and enabled to consider more thoroughly this portion of the agrarian social structure. The paper aims to discuss the use of this category, with special emphasis on public policies that focus on these kind of subjects today. To do this, we analyzed official documents connected with the topic and a series of papers relevant to the reality of Argentina and part of Latin America.