Aportes para pensar la participación comunitaria en salud/salud mental desde la perspectiva de redes; Contributions to thinking about community participation in health/mental health from the perspective of networks; Contribuições para pensar a participação comunitária em saúde/saúde mental a partir da perspectiva de redes Bang, Claudia Lia; Stolkiner, Alicia Ines Desde la declaración de Alma-Ata, en 1978, múltiples experiencias han incluido en sus prácticas en salud/salud mental dispositivos basados en la participación comunitaria. En ellas se han reproducido sentidos globales y abstractos que artificialmente homogeneizan las características comunitarias y participativas, reproduciendo modelos normativos que dieron origen a la Atención Primaria de Salud (APS). El objetivo de este artículo es revisar algunos de los principales aportes de la teoría de redes que, desde una perspectiva compleja, permitan redimensionar la participación comunitaria en salud. Se indagan las lógicas en que son entendidas la comunidad y la participación comunitaria en un estudio de caso. Se concluye que considerar a la población como actor potencial y generar canales efectivos de participación sigue siendo un gran desafío.; Since the declaration of Alma-Ata (1978), multiple experiences have included devices based on community participation in their practices in health/mental health. Abstract and global senses that artificially homogenized community and participatory characteristics have been reproduced, reproducing models that gave rise to the Primary Health Care (PHC). This paper aims to review some of the main contributions of the networks theory that, from a complex perspective, resize the community participation in health. In a case study, the logics in which community and community participation are understood are enquired. It is concluded that to consider the population as a potential role player and to generate effective channels of participation remain a great challenge.; Desde a declaração de Alma-Ata, em 1978, múltiplas experiências incluíram em suas práticas de saúde/saúde mental dispositivos baseados na participação comunitária. Nelas reproduziram-se sentidos globais e abstratos que homogeneízam artificialmente as características comunitárias e participativas, reproduzindo modelos normativos que deram origem à Atenção Primária à Saúde (APS). O objetivo deste artigo é revisar algumas das principais contribuições da teoria de redes que, desde uma perspectiva complexa, permitam redimensionar a participação comunitária em saúde. Indagam-se as lógicas que entendem a comunidade e a participação comunitária em um estudo de caso. Conclui-se que considerar a população como ator potencial e gerar canais efetivos de participação continua a ser um grande desafio.

Matching metal pollution with bioavailability, bioaccumulation and biomarkers response in fish (Centropomus parallelus) resident in neotropical estuaries Souza, Iara C.; Duarte, Ian D.; Pimentel, Natieli Q.; Rocha, Lívia D.; Morozesk, Mariana; Bonomo, Marina M.; Azevedo, Vinicius C.; Pereira, Camilo D.S.; Monferran, Magdalena Victoria; Milanez, Camilla R. D.; Matsumoto, Silvia T.; Wunderlin, Daniel Alberto; Fernandes, Marisa N. Two neotropical estuaries affected by different anthropogenic factors were studied. We report levels of metals and metalloids in water and sediment as well as their influence on genetic, biochemical and morphological biomarkers in the native fish Centropomus parallelus. Biomarkers reflected the fish health status. Multivariate statistics indicated both spatial and temporal changes in both water and sediment, which are linked to the elemental composition and health status of inhabitant fish, showing the biggest influence of surface water, followed by sediments and interstitial water. Bioaccumulation in fish muscle was useful to identify elements that were below detection limits in water, pointing out the risk of consuming fish exceeding allowance limits for some elements (As and Hg in this case). Multivariate statistics, including physical, chemical and biological issues, presents a suitable tool, integrating data from different origin allocated in the same estuary, which could be useful for future studies on estuarine systems.

The role of Pleistocene glaciations in shaping the genetic structure of South American fur seals (Arctocephalus australis) Tunez, Juan Ignacio; Cappozzo, Humberto Luis; Pavés, H.; Albareda, D. A.; Cassini, Marcelo Hernan Analysing a 529 bp segment of the mitochondrial control region, we evaluated the role that Pleistocene glaciations may have had in shaping the genetic structure currently found in the two southernmost breeding areas of the South American fur seal, Arctocephalus australis. Additionally, we analysed if these two breedingareas correspond to different conservation units. We found 26 haplotypes in 54 individuals. Colonies from the Uruguayan breeding area did not show significant differences in haplotype frequencies, which suggest that they are remnants of a single ancient gene pool. The genealogical relationship between haplotypes revealed a pattern of phylogeographic structure with two main haplogroups corresponding to the different breeding areas. The analysis of molecular variance and the estimate of population divergence time also indicated significant genetic differences and a long period of isolation between Atlantic and Pacific colonies, suggesting that these breeding areas would correspond to different conservation units.

Delivery of recombinant vaccines against bovine herpesvirus type 1 and Babesia bovis to mice using liposomes derived from egg yolk lipids Rodriguez, Anabel Elisa; Zamorano, Patricia Ines; Wilkowsky, Silvina Elizabeth; Torrá, Florencia Lucia; Ferreri, Lucas; Dominguez, Mariana Gabriela; Jacobsen, Monica Ofelia Liposomes prepared from total egg yolk lipid extracts were used to deliver experimental DNA vaccines to mice consisting of pCI-neo plasmids encoding bovine herpesvirus type 1 (BoHV-1) gD or Babesia bovis MSA-2c. A significantly higher proportion of mice in the B. bovis MSA-2c group, but not those in the BoHV-1 gD group, developed detectable immunoglobulin G responses when vaccinated with liposome encapsulated DNA in comparison with mice vaccinated with naked DNA. In both groups, antibody titres were similar between mice vaccinated with liposome encapsulated DNA and naked DNA.

Combined treatment with benznidazole and allopurinol in mice infected with a virulent Trypanosoma cruzi isolate from Nicaragua Grosso, Noelia Lorena; López Alarcón, Maria Micaela; Bua, Jacqueline Elena; Laucella, Susana Adriana; Riarte, Adelina; Fichera, Laura Edith We evaluated the effect of chemotherapy with a sequential combined treatment of a low dose of benznidazole and allopurinol, in different schedules of administration, in experimental models of acute and chronic Trypanosoma cruzi infection. Mice were infected with Nicaragua T. cruzi isolate, a virulent parasite from an endemic area of Nicaragua, genotyped as TcI (Grosso et al. 2010). We assessed survival rate, IgG levels, histopathological studies and quantified parasitaemia. A 15% survival rate was recorded in untreated mice during the acute phase of T. cruzi infection. Allopurinol administered immediately after benznidazole treatment was able to reduce parasitaemia and attenuate tissue damage by reducing inflammation. Trypanosoma cruzi-specific antibodies also decreased in 40–50% of the treated mice. The addition of allopurinol during the chronic phase showed the highest beneficial effect, not only by reducing parasitaemia but also by lowering the degree of inflammation and fibrosis.

Obesity Induces Hypothalamic Endoplasmic Reticulum Stress and Impairs Proopiomelanocortin (POMC) Post-translational Processing Cakir, Isin; Cyr, Nicole E.; Perello, Mario; Litvinov, Bogdan Patedakis; Romero, Amparo; Stuart, Ronald C.; Nillni, Eduardo A. It was shown previously that abnormal prohormone processing or inactive proconverting enzymes that are responsible for this processing cause profound obesity. Our laboratory demonstrated earlier that in the diet-induced obesity (DIO) state, the appetite-suppressing neuropeptide -melanocyte-stimulating hormone ( -MSH) is reduced, yet the mRNA of its precursor protein proopiomelanocortin (POMC) remained unaltered. It was also shown that the DIO condition promotes the development of endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress and leptin resistance. In the current study, using an in vivo model combined with in vitro experiments, we demonstrate that obesity-induced ER stress obstructs the post-translational processing of POMC by decreasing proconverting enzyme 2, which catalyzes the conversion of adrenocorticotropin to -MSH, thereby decreasing -MSH peptide production. This novel mechanism of ER stress affecting POMC processing in DIO highlights the importance of ER stress in regulating central energy balance in obesity.

Modos de la imagen en Big Bang de Severo Sarduy Santucci, Silvana De acuerdo con los postulados de John Berger (1972), podemos afirmar que lo visible no existe en ninguna parte más que en el conjunto de imágenes que el ojo crea al mirar. Y, a pesar de que a veces lo visible pueda permanecer oculto o alternativamente iluminado, una vez que el ojo lo aprehende, comienza a formar parte sustancial de nuestro medio de vida. A la vez, lo que sabemos o lo que creemos afecta el modo en que vemos las cosas. Es por ello que, si acordamos con Berger, resulta sencillo considerar que nuestra apreciación y percepción de la imagen depende del modo de ver que tengamos (Berger 2012, 7-9).

Emulsifier and antioxidant properties of by-products obtained by enzymatic degumming of soybean oil Cabezas, Dario Marcelino; Diehl, B. W. K.; Tomas, Mabel Cristina The enzymes used in degumming, called phospholipases, specifically act on phospholipids without degrading the oil itself. Degumming using a phospholipase C enzyme allows to meet all market specifications while it increases the oil yield. The aim of this study was to evaluate antioxidant and emulsifier properties of the recovered gum (RG) obtained by enzymatic oil degumming process of crude soybean oil subjected to modifications as deoiling (RG deoiled) or ethanol fractionation (RG soluble and insoluble). RG soluble allowed obtaining more stable O/W emulsions (30:70 w/w) in comparison with those by-products assayed at different concentrations (0.1?1.0%). Also, deoiled soybean lecithin (DSL) andRG deoiled had a similar behavior in relation to the kinetic destabilization (%BS profiles), despite the different degumming processes used to obtain these samples. The study on induction times (Metrohm Rancimat) showed a significant antioxidant effect (p<0.05) against a refined sunflower oil associated with all the by-products analyzed. However, RG soluble and DSL showed a strong effect on the oil stability at high concentrations (1000?2000 ppm). These results showed that the deoiled recovered gum and its derivates obtained by ethanol fractionation are a potential alternative for industrial application as additive.

Conformational transferability of the sulfenyl carbonyl group -SC(O)- in cyclic thioesters Dugarte Jiménez, Nahir Yerely; Erben, Mauricio Federico; Hey Hawkins, Evamarie; Lönnecke, Peter; Stadlbauer, Sven; Ge, Mao Fa; Li, Yao; Piro, Oscar Enrique; Echeverría, Gustavo Alberto; Della Védova, Carlos Omar The molecular and crystal structure of two dithiolactones (formally dimers of ε-caprothiolactone and ω-hexadecathiolactone) have been determined by X-ray diffraction at low temperature, revealing that the thioester group is planar with a synperiplanar orientation of the C═O double bond with respect to the S—C single bond. This conformational behavior is in contrast to that found for the smaller cyclic members of this family, where the antiperiplanar conformation is enforced. It is hypothesized that strain effects play a major role for the energy balance in the conformational preference. In this context, the molecular, vibrational (infrared and Raman), and electronic properties of ε-caprothiolactone have also been analyzed by using a combined experimental, including gas-phase helium I photoelectron spectroscopy, and computational approach.

La cultura teológica de las elites letradas. ¿especulación teórica o pragmatismo en el Tucumán del siglo XVIII?; The theological culture of the learned elites: theoretical speculation or pragmatism in 18th century Tucumán? Benito Moya, Silvano Gabriel Antonio Los estudios teológicos de la principal formadora de las elites del Tucumán, la Universidad de Córdoba, le sirvieron en su proceso de dominio del campo simbó- lico y también en la legitimación que de sí mismos realizaron los grupos de poder. Contrariamente a lo sostenido por los historiadores tradicionales la universidad colonial no estuvo ajena a los problemas sociales y políticos a los cuales se buscó dar solución también desde la teología. Se distinguen dos momentos bien definidos durante el siglo xviii, una primera etapa hasta 1767 y, otra segunda, desde la expulsión de los jesuitas hasta 1810. En éstas se estudian las corrientes del probabilismo, probabiliorismo, regalismo, galicanismo y jansenismo, desde la perspectiva de cómo se contribuyó a solidificar un determinado orden social y una cultura legítima y a sujetar los lazos de los súbditos para con sus soberanos, ligando mejor a la sociedad con el aparato de dominación.; Theological studies of the primary center of formation for the Tucumán elite, the University of Córdoba, helped in the University’s process of mastering the symbolic realm and aided the process of self-legitimization that the power centers carried out. Contrary to the claims of traditional historians, the colonial university was not aloof from social and political problems; problems for which they tried to provide theologically based solutions. There are two distinctly defined periods during the 18th Century, the first stage lasting until 1767, and the second stage ranging from the expulsion of the Jesuits until 1810. In this work, probabilism, probabiliorism, regalism, gallicanism, and jansenism are analyzed from the perspective of how they contributed to the solidification of a particular social order and legitimate culture, holding together the bonds between subjects and their sovereign, better unifying the society under a system of domination.

Las colecciones de enseñanza científica como fuentes para la Historia de la ciencia García, Susana Valeria; Mayoni, María Gabriela El propósito de este trabajo es doble, por un lado, discutir las potencialidades que ofrece el estudio de las colecciones científicas de los colegios secundarios para la historia de la ciencia. Por otro, presentar algunas cuestiones y fuentes documentales relacionadas con la formación de los gabinetes escolares de historia natural en la Argentina. Esas colecciones testimonian el floreciente comercio de materiales científicos y el crecimiento de la industria escolar en la segunda parte del siglo XIX e inicios del siglo XX. El estudio de esos artefactos permite examinar la circulación de los objetos y los conocimientos científicos y cómo estos se transforman en ese movimiento y en su uso. A su vez, constituyen fuentes para investigar múltiples aspectos de la cultura material y visual de la ciencia y la educación. Tanto en el diseño como en el uso de esos artefactos es posible detectar un conjunto diverso de decisiones pedagógicas, conceptuales, estéticas y técnicas, y aun comerciales, en torno a la presentación de la información científica.; The purpose of this paper is twofold: on the one hand, we discuss the potentialities that the study of scientific collections of secondary schools offers to the History of Science. On the other, we will present some issues and documental sources related to the formation of school cabinets of natural history in Argentina. These collections testify the flourishing trade of scientific materials and the growth of didactic industry during the second half of the 19th and the early 20th century. The study of these materials allows examining the circulation of scientific knowledge and objects and how they were transformed in that movement and use. Also, they can be useful sources to investigate multiple aspects of the material and visual culture of science and education. Both in the design and use of these artifacts, it is possible to analyse a diverse group of pedagogical, conceptual, aesthetic and technical decisions, and even those commercial, about the presentation of scientific information.

Multitudes ambientalistas en lucha contra los agrotóxicos Carrizo, Cecilia; Berger, Mauricio Sebastian A partir de nuestra participación como investigadores en las luchas contra los agrotóxicos en provincias argentinas -llevadas a cabo por ciudadanos por fuera de las estructuras partidarias del sistema político- reconocemos una diversidad de experiencias de ejercicio de la autonomía individual y pública que destituyen e instituyen reglas y autoridades, reapropiándose de los saberes de sus condiciones concretas de existencia. Reconstruimos, a partir de conversaciones con los protagonistas y análisis de documentos, tres experiencias de lucha contra los agrotóxicos en los últimos cinco años en Córdoba, una de las principales provincias productoras de soya; identificando en cada caso la pluralidad de saberes y prácticas puestas en juego. Finalmente proponemos recuperar las nociones de Multitudes y de Justicia Ambiental, para contribuir a la autocomprensión de las luchas como políticas y a la reflexión sobre el anacronismo de seguir llamando sociales a las prácticas que, por fuera del sistema político representativo, resisten el modelo de los agronoegocios.; Since our participation as scholars in the struggles against the use of agrotoxics in argentinian provinces, we recognize a diversity of political and democratic experiences which are held by citizens outside the political parties structures. Acting individual and public autonomy, these citizen’s practices institute and undermine rules and official authorities as they reapropiate the wisdoms about their concrete conditions of existence. From this framework we present a reconstruction of three struggles against the use of agrotoxics within the last five years in the province of Cordoba, Argentina- one of the main soybean producers- and we identify the plurality of citizen's wisdoms and practices that take place in this context. Finally we recover the notion of Multitude and Environmental Justice as a contribution to the self- comprehension of the struggles as political, and to the reflection of that anachronism that keeps calling social those practices that resist the model of the agribusiness outside of the political representation system.

Antifungal Activity of extracts from two Ouratea species on Candida albicans de Araújo, Marcelo Francisco; Catunda, Francisco Eduardo Aragão; Alvarez, María Gabriela; Durantini, Edgardo Néstor; Carvalho, Mário Geraldo de Plants are invaluable sources of pharmaceutical products and Brazil, in particular, has yielded an incredible array of plant and animal products that have drawn the attention of ethnopharmacologists from around the world. Ouratea is a genus of tropical plants within the Ochnaceae. Ouratea is widespread throughtout the tropics, with species in Costa Rica, Brazil, Jamaica, and Kenya. The search for compounds with antimicrobial activity is urgent and indispensable for the treatment of infectious diseases caused by microorganisms resistant to traditional antimicrobial drugs. A screening was conducted with organic extracts from two species, from roots and leaves of Ouratea hexasperma var. planchonii Engl. and leaves and branches of Ouratea parviflora Engl., to identify plant extracts with antifungal properties against Candida albicans. Initially, minimal inhibitory concentrations (MICs) were determined in C. albicans cellular suspension in Sabouraud medium, in a range of 0.060-3.0 mg/ml. Fractions OHRMWE (Ethyl acetate fraction) and OHLMWB (Buthanol fraction) obtained by solvents partition of methanol:water extract from Ouratea hexasperma with ethyl acetate from the roots and n-butanol from the leaves, respectively, showed a higher antifungal activity. The antifungal activity of these extracts was also compared in growth delay of C. albicans cultures.

Insulin-deficient diabetes-induced bone microarchitecture alterations are associated with a decrease in the osteogenic potential of bone marrow progenitor cells: Preventive effects of metformin. Tolosa, María José; Chuguransky, Sara Rocío; Sedlinsky, Claudia; Schurman, León; McCarthy, Antonio Desmond; Molinuevo, María Silvina; Cortizo, Ana María Aims Diabetes mellitus is associated with metabolic bone disease and increased low-impact fractures. The insulin-sensitizer metformin possesses in vitro, in vivo and ex vivo osteogenic effects, although this has not been adequately studied in the context of diabetes. We evaluated the effect of insulin-deficient diabetes and/or metformin on bone microarchitecture, on osteogenic potential of bone marrow progenitor cells (BMPC) and possible mechanisms involved. Methods Partially insulin-deficient diabetes was induced in rats by nicotinamide/streptozotocin-injection, with or without oral metformin treatment. Femoral metaphysis micro-architecture, ex vivo osteogenic potential of BMPC, and BMPC expression of Runx-2, PPARγ and receptor for advanced glycation endproducts (RAGE) were investigated. Results Histomorphometric analysis of diabetic femoral metaphysis demonstrated a slight decrease in trabecular area and a significant reduction in osteocyte density, growth plate height and TRAP (tartrate-resistant acid phosphatase) activity in the primary spongiosa. BMPC obtained from diabetic animals showed a reduction in Runx-2/PPARγ ratio and in their osteogenic potential, and an increase in RAGE expression. Metformin treatment prevented the diabetes-induced alterations in bone micro-architecture and BMPC osteogenic potential. Conclusion Partially insulin-deficient diabetes induces deleterious effects on long-bone micro-architecture that are associated with a decrease in BMPC osteogenic potential, which could be mediated by a decrease in their Runx-2/PPARγ ratio and up-regulation of RAGE. These diabetes-induced alterations can be totally or partially prevented by oral administration of metformin.

Defending the Guilty: a moral justification Seleme, Hugo Omar There are certain acts necessary to exercise the legal profession within an adversary system that are usually morally condemned by public opinion. If the lawyer knows that his or her client is guilty and is aware, therefore, that he or she deserves punishment, defending him or her appears to imply some sort of deceit or interference in the attainment of a just result. The hypothesis defended in the present paper is that the strategies that are usually adopted to rebut public condemnation have not been successful on account of the moral costs involved in assuming each of them. Strategies based on ‘role morality’ are not an exception. The purpose of this paper is to offer a rebuttal of the condemnation argument that does not entail any moral cost. This novel counterargument is based on the prospective conception of obligation developed by Michael Zimmerman.

Error bounds in diffusion tensor estimation using multiple-coil acquisition systems Beltrachini, Leandro; Von Ellenrieder, Nicolás; Muravchik, Carlos Horacio We extend the diffusion tensor (DT) signal model for multiple-coil acquisition systems. Considering the sum-of-squares reconstruction method, we compute the Cramér–Rao bound (CRB) assuming the widely accepted noncentral chi distribution. Within this framework, we assess the effect of noise in DT estimation and other measures derived from it, as a function of the number of acquisition coils, as well as other system parameters. We show the applications of CRB in many actual problems related to DT estimation: we compare different gradient field setup schemes proposed in the literature and show how the CRB can be used to choose a convenient one; we show that for fiber-type anisotropy tensors the ellipsoidal area ratio (EAR) can be estimated with less error than other scalar factors such as the fractional anisotropy (FA) or the relative anisotropy (RA), and that for this type of anisotropy tensors, increasing the number of coils is equivalent to increasing the signal-to-noise ratio, i.e., the information of the different coils can be regarded as independent. Also, we present results showing the CRB of several parameters for actual DT-MRI data. We conclude that the CRB is a valuable tool to optimal experiment design in DT-related studies.

¿Dónde pintar? Un análisis comparativo mediante SIG como aproximación a las decisiones humanas; Where to paint? A comparative gis analisys as an aproach to human decision making Magnin, Lucia Angelica La localidad La Primavera (provincia de Santa Cruz, Argentina), fue ocupada por grupos cazadores-recolectores móviles desde el Holoceno temprano al tardío (ca. 9.500-940 AP). En estudios previos, la distribución de evidencias arqueológicas en este sector fue analizada mediante sistemas de Información Geográfica (SIG) con la finalidad de estudiar aspectos de la movilidad y el uso diferencial del espacio. De este modo fue posible detectar recurrencias en la localización de distintos tipos de evidencia y una serie de factores ambientales.. En el caso de los lugares con arte rupestre, su localización se encuentra condicionada por la presencia de soportes rocosos adecuados en cuevas y aleros cuya existencia está determinada por la geomorfología local. Es por eso que para profundizar los conocimientos acerca de las decisiones humanas y los procesos de producción en el contexto del paisaje, es necesario analizar antes la disponibilidad natural de los soportes rocosos adecuados para pintar. El presente trabajo se propone abordar este problema comparando localizaciones de cuevas que presentan arte rupestre con otras que no presentan arte a pesar de contar con soportes y poseer buenas condiciones para la preservación de pinturas. Los resultados obtenidos no alcanzan una significación estadística, pero muestran tendencias que permiten plantear como hipótesis que las cuevas elegidas para realizar pinturas serían aquellas más cercanas a recursos como las aguadas, las fuentes de aprovisionamiento de rocas útiles para la talla, y de ocre para confección de pinturas. A su vez, los espacios escogidos se encontrarían más cerca de las vías de movilidad del paisaje y presentarían cuencas visuales más amplias.; La Primavera (Santa Cruz province, Argentina) archaeological locality was occupied by mobile hunter-gatherers from early to late Holocene (ca. 9500-940 BP). In previous studies, the distributions of archaeological evidences at this locality were analyzed using Geographic Information Systems (SIG) to detect recurrences in the use of space. Among the different evidence classes analyzed, the rock art distribution is conditioned by the presence of naturally available rock surfaces, and these are determined in turn by local geomorphology. Therefore, to study human decisions and art production in the context of the landscape, it is necessary to consider the distribution of naturally available rock surfaces. To address this problem, in this article locations of caves with rock art are compared with locations of caves without art which present rock surfaces adequate for painting and present good preservation conditions. The results obtained do not reach a statistical significance, but allow us to formulate the following working hypotheses: the caves chosen to perform paintings where those located closer to resources as water sources, lithic quarries, ochre pigments sources, closer to mobility pathways and which present wider viewsheds.

Toma de decisiones en adolescentes: rendimiento bajo diferentes condiciones de información e intoxicación alcohólica; Decision-making in Adolescents: Performance under Different Conditions of Information and Alcohol Intoxication Acuña, Hugo Ignacio; Castillo, Daniela Susana; Bechara, Antoine; Godoy, Juan Carlos El objetivo fue evaluar la toma de decisiones en adolescentes. Se utilizó la Iowa Gambling Task (IGT) y la Game of Dice Task (GDT). Se utilizó un diseño experimental con pre y postest donde se manipuló el tratamiento (intoxicado/no intoxicado) y la información recibida (verdadera/falsa). Se evaluaron 77 participantes voluntarios entre 18 y 25 años. Para analizar los datos se utilizaron ANOVAs. Se encontraron diferencias en hombres y mujeres en relación a las distintas puntuaciones de la IGT y GDT. Encontrar efectos relacionados al sexo de los participantes coincide con lo informado en algunos estudios. El mejor rendimiento de las mujeres en la GDT puede explicarse teniendo en cuenta que las funciones ejecutivas están implicadas, lo que daría ventaja a las mujeres. Finalmente, los resultados relacionados a la intoxicación podrían mostrar que el alcohol afecta la calidad de la toma de decisiones.; The aim was to assess decision-making in adolescents. To this, we used the Iowa Gambling Task (IGT) and the Game of Dice Task (GDT). We used an experimental design with pre-post-test where we manipulated the treatment (Intoxicated/ Non Intoxicated) and the information received (True/False). 77 volunteers were evaluated between 18 and 25 years old. Data was analyzed using ANOVA. We found differences between men and women in different scores on the IGT and GDT. Sex-related effects of the participants agreed with other studies. The better performance of women on the GDT can be explained taking into account that executive functions are involved in task execution, at which women perform better. Finally, results related to intoxication suggest that alcohol affects the quality of decision making.

Hacia la reconstrucción de las tendencias jurisprudenciales en América Latina y el Caribe en materia de igualdad: sobre la no-discriminación, la no-dominación y la redistribución y el reconocimiento; Towards a reconstruction of equality case-law trends in Latin America and the Caribbean: on non-discrimination, anti-subordination, redistribution and recognition Clérico, María Laura; Ronconi, Liliana Mabel; Aldao, Martin Maria Fruto de una de las líneas de investigación del equipo que integro, el presente trabajo fue escrito en colaboración por la magnitud de la información relevada en materia de jurisprudencia regional. Mi intervención en el artículo se concentró en el análisis conceptual de las diversas fórmulas de igualdad, en particular en sus versiones más avanzadas; y en el relevamiento, selección y análisis de la jurisprudencia vinculada a pobreza, nacionalidad y orientación sexual. En el mismo se propone establecer la medida en que la jurisprudencia de los tribunales superiores y constitucionales de la región puede ser reconstruida como un indicador de la receptividad (o no) del enfoque de la desigualdad estructural. Sostenemos que es necesario ampliar la fórmula de igualdad como principio de no-dominación o no-sometimiento. Desde esa perspectiva se analizan con detenimiento los casos llegados a la Cortes y Tribunales de diversos Estados de América Latina y el Caribe sobre desigualdad por razón de pobreza, de nacionalidad, de etnia, de la situación de discapacidad, de la edad o de la orientación sexual. excluimos la jurisprudencia en materia de género o de pueblo o comunidades originarias por haber sido objeto de otros trabajos.; The article begins by 1) presenting the reader to some generalities concerning the equality test (the concept of formal equality and substantive equality in terms of antisubordination and the perspectives of redistribution and recognition). It then reviews decisions from a number of Latin American countries ' high courts as well as others rendered by the Inter American Commission on Human Rights (I/A CHR) and the Inter-American Court of Human Rights (IA Court HR) related to discrimination based on nationality, age, disability, and sexual orientation. The analysis of the cases shall contribute to determine the concept of equality that prevails in each decision (as evidenced in the grounds provided by the judge as well as in the remedies awarded). Finally we attempt to draw some conclusions over the prevailing trend in the region concerning equality.

Estado nutricional y hábitos alimentarios de poblaciones de regiones de altura del Noroeste Argentino; Nutritional status and food intake of populations from high altitude regions of the Northwest of Argentina Bassett, Maria Natalia; Giménez, María Alejandra; Romaguera, Dora; Samman, Norma Cristina El objetivo del trabajo fue estudiar el estado nutricional y la ingesta de alimentos de poblaciones andinas del Noroeste de Argentina. Se realizó una encuesta nutricional a una muestra representativa de las poblaciones de altura del noroeste de Argentina. Se tomó mediciones antropométricas, se registró la ingesta de alimentos a través de un recordatorio de 24h y un cuestionario de frecuencia de consumo. El retraso del crecimiento (talla para la edad según Z<-2 desviaciones estándares) fue el principal problema nutricional en los niños y adolescentes de la Puna y Quebrada. Mientras que el sobrepeso y la obesidad, evaluado a través de IMC > percentil 85 y 95 respectivamente, fueron los principales problemas nutricionales en los adolescentes de los Valles de altura. Las poblaciones adultas presentaron alta prevalencia de sobrepeso y obesidad, de acuerdo al IMC medio determinado. La composición típica del plato principal de toda la región tiene una base de arroz, pasta, harina de trigo o maíz que puede ser acompañada por tubérculos o huevos, o pocas hortalizas y carne de vaca o de llama. Este plato varía poco de un día para otro, constituyendo una dieta monótona, con alto consumo de azúcares (bebidas azucaradas y dulces) y cereales refinados. Estos resultados sugieren que estas poblaciones estarían en etapas tempranas de transición nutricional y podrían ser el punto de partida para fomentar consumos de alimentos más saludables y una dieta menos monótona. Sería recomendable reincorporar productos autóctonos de la región.; The purpose of this work was to study the nutritional status and food intake of Andean populations of Northwest of Argentine. A cross-sectional nutritional survey was carried out in representative samples of populations of highland from Argentine. Also anthropometric measurements, a food intake, a semi-quantitative food frequency questionnaire were performed and recorded. Stunting (height-for-age Z-score <-2 standard deviations) was the main nutritional problem in children and adolescents in the area of Puna and Quebrada regions. While overweight and obesity, evaluated by BMI> 85th and 95th percentile respectively, were the main nutritional problems among adolescents in the Valleys. Adult populations showed higher prevalence of overweight and obesity according to BMI determined. These are important risk factors for cardiovascular and chronic diseases.Usually the typical composition of the main food dish of regions has a base of rice, pasta, flour or corn, accompanied by tubers or eggs, or a few vegetables and beef. This dish varies little from one day to another, constituting a monotonous diet with a high intake of sugar (sugary drinks and sweets) and refined grains. Results suggest that these populations would be in early stages of nutritional transition and could be the starting point to promote them healthier food consumption and a diet less monotonous. It would be recommendable reincorporate native products of the region.