Pensar desde la tradición, pensar la tradición: Pensamiento y política en/desde América Latina; Think from Tradition, Think Tradition: Thought and Politics in Latin America José Giavedoni Giavedoni, Jose Gabriel El presente trabajo tiene como objetivo discutir la noción de “tradición de discurso” del pensamiento político, noción que puede resultar útil para algunos objetivos, como modo de organizar y dar sentido al cúmulo de conocimientos que ha sido formulado a lo largo del tiempo, pero que es un obstáculo para otros. El problema se encuentra en que la noción de tradición de discurso va acompañada de la idea de continuidad y, con ella, el supuesto de cierta constancia y perennidad en las ideas políticas, incluso admitiendo todas las innovaciones que sobre esa tradición se realizan. Si bien podemos tener la impresión que las ideas parecen similares y se reiteran a lo largo del tiempo, el marco conceptual que hace posible el pensamiento en los diferentes momentos históricos se modifica y con ello el sentido del pensamiento. Por ello, el objetivo del presente trabajo es caracterizar esta noción de “tradición de discurso” con el fin de auscultar los elementos que le son propios. En segundo lugar, señalar las tensiones que producen dichos elementos frente a una lectura arqueológica del pensamiento político. Estas reflexiones serán atravesadas a lo largo del trabajo por la propuesta de problematizar los modos del pensar lo político en América Latina y reconocer sus condiciones de posibilidad.; This paper aims to discuss the notion of “tradition of discourse” in political thought, a notion that may be useful for some purposes, as a way to organize and make sense of the body of knowledge that has been formulated over time, but which is an obstacle for others. The problem is that the notion of tradition of discourse is accompanied by the idea of continuity and, with it, the assumption of certain constancy and durability in political ideas, even admitting all the innovations that are made on that tradition. Although we may have the impression that the ideas seem similar and are repeated over time, the conceptual framework that makes thought possible in different historical moments is modified and with it the meaning of thought. For this reason, the objective of the present work is to characterize this notion of “tradition of discourse” in order to examine the elements that are its own. Second, to point out the tensions that these elements produce when faced with an archaeological reading of political thought. These reflections will be traversed throughout the work by the proposal to problematize the ways of thinking about politics in Latin America and to recognize their conditions of possibility.

New cranio-dental remains of Nothrotheriinae (Mammalia, Xenarthra, Folivora) from the Late Miocene of Central Argentina Miño Boilini, Ángel Ramón; Brandoni, Diego; Montalvo, Claudia I.; Tomassini, Rodrigo Leandro; Barasoain Goñi, Daniel; Zurita, Alfredo Eduardo Among extinct sloths, Nothrotheriidae nothrotheriines are characterised by caniniforms (when present) separated by a diastema from the molariform tooth row and quadrangular, rectangular or trapezoidal molariforms with longitudinal grooves on the lingual and labial surfaces. The subfamily Nothrotheriinae is recorded from the Middle Miocene of Bolivia and Argentina to the Pleistocene of different regions of South America, Central America and North America. Neogene well-known representatives include Pronothrotherium, Huilabradys, Mionothropus, Aymaratherium, Lakukullus and the recently defined genus Mcdonaldocnus, whose remains were found from Argentina, Colombia, Uruguay, Peru, Brazil and Bolivia. Mcdonaldocnus includes materials from Argentina and Bolivia previously assigned as ‘Xyophorus’. New records from Late Miocene levels of the Cerro Azul Formation cropping out in the Chasicó creek locality, Buenos Aires Province, and in the localities of Telén and Loventué, La Pampa Province, allow us to describe cranio-dental remains of Nothrotheriinae Mcdonaldocnus bondesioi and Mcdonaldocnus sp., respectively. The identification of Mcdonaldocnus sp. in the Cerro Azul Formation at La Pampa Province constitutes the first record of Nothrotheriinae for this province.

Género y trabajo asalariado: un análisis sectorial de los efectos de la pandemia por COVID-19 en Argentina; Gender and salaried workers: a sectoral analysis of the effects of the COVID-19 pandemic in Argentina Brown, Brenda; Belloni, Paula Este artículo analiza el impacto de la crisis generada por el COVID-19 sobre el mercado de trabajo en Argentina desde un enfoque de género. Retomamos aquella tesis que señala la importancia sectorial -segregación horizontal del trabajo- a la hora de explicar los efectos de una crisis sobre los empleos y su impacto diferencial sobre mujeres y varones. ¿Qué efectos tuvo la recesión económica generada por la pandemia sobre la cantidad y la calidad de los empleos de mujeres y varones en Argentina? ¿Cuánto de esto se puede explicar por la segregación horizontal del trabajo en un contexto de crisis particular con restricciones a la movilidad? ¿Cuánto por la composición al interior de los sectores de actividad respecto a la calidad de sus empleos? ¿Qué ocurrió en relación con estas variables durante el periodo de recuperación posterior? Estos son los interrogantes que orientan el artículo. Para abordarlos, se utilizan distintas fuentes de datos secundarias para dos periodos: la emergencia de la pandemia sanitaria con mayores restricciones a la movilidad en 2020, y la etapa de recuperación económica en 2021.; This article analyzes the impact of the crisis generated by COVID-19 on the labor market in Argentina from a gender perspective. We return to that thesis that points to the sectoral importance -horizontal segregation of work- when explaining the effects of a crisis on the jobs and its differential impact on women and men. What effects did the economic recession generated by the pandemic have on the quantity and quality of jobs for women and men in Argentina? How much of this can be explained by the horizontal segregation of work in a particular crisis context with mobility restrictions? How much for the composition within the sectors of activity with respect to the quality of their jobs? What happened in relation to these variables during the subsequent recovery period? These are the questions that guide the article. To address them, different secondary data sources are used for two periods: the emergency of the health pandemic with greater restrictions on mobility in 2020, and the stage of economic recovery in 2021.

City puzzles: Does urban land scape affect genetic population structure in Aedes aegypti? Maffey, Lucía; Confalonieri, Viviana Andrea; Hasson, Esteban Ruben; Schweigmann, Nicolas Joaquin Cities usually offer a suitable environment for the dengue vector Aedes aegypti, providing oviposition sites, accessibility to human hosts and nectar meals. However, large urban centres are highly heterogeneous environments, forming a patched landscape that could affect Ae. aegypti population dynamics and dispersal. Here, we performed a genome-wide analysis using Rad-seq data from 99 Ae. aegypti specimens collected in three areas within Buenos Aires city with varying levels of urbanization/land use: highly urbanized Area 1, intermediate Area 2 and poorly urbanized Area 3. We found an inverse association between urbanization levels and spatial genetic structure. Populations from highly urbanized Area 1 did not present genetic structure whereas two and three clusters were detected in Areas 2 and 3, respectively. In the case of Area 3, initial analyses showed separation in clusters was mostly due to elevated consanguinity within sites although three clusters were still detected after closely related individuals were discarded. Mosquitoes around each site displayed a high degree of isolation, evidencing a close dependence between the vector and human dwellings. Interestingly, specimens from distant boroughs (within the limits of the city) and the city’s outskirts formed a single cluster with inner city sites (Area 1), highlighting the role of passive transport in shaping population structure. Genetic distances were poorly correlated with geographic distances in Buenos Aires, suggesting a stronger influence of passive than active dispersal on population structure. Only Area 2 displayed a significant isolationby-distance pattern (p = 0.046), with males dispersing more than females (p = 0.004 and p = 0.016, respectively). Kinship analyses allowed us to detect full-siblings located 1.5 km apart in Area 1, which could be due to an extreme event of active female dispersal. Effective population size was higher in Area 2 confirming that cemeteries represent highly favourable environments for Ae. aegypti and need to be specifically targeted. Our results suggest that control programs should take into account urban landscape heterogeneity in order to improve vector control.

Non-B DNA structures emerging from plant genomes Crespi, Martin; Ariel, Federico Damian Noncanonical (non-B) DNA structures, including G-quadruplexes, R-loops, and various DNA alternate conformations, affect genome organization, stability, and activity. Very few non-B structures have been mapped across plant genomes. Recently, Ma et al. identified intercalated-motifs (cytosine-rich, four-stranded quadruplex DNA) in rice, expanding how non-B DNA may contribute to plant gene regulation.

Novel dominant variant in STUB1 causing ataxia, movement disorders and cognitive impairment: A complex phenotype mimicking SCA17; Nueva variante en STUB1 causante de ataxia, trastornos del movimiento y compromiso cognitivo: un fenotipo complejo que simula SCA17 Rodríguez Quiroga, Sergio Alejandro; Perez Maturo, Josefina; Zavala, Lucía; Kauffman, Marcelo Andres Introduction: Pathogenic variants in STUB1 can be causal under dominant (SCA48) and recessive (SCAR16) inheritance patterns. We report a SCA48 patient with ataxia, dementia and movement disorders. Clinical case: We describe a 45 year-old man with cognitive impairment, ataxia, bradykinesia, tremor and chorea. A NGS-based multigene panel revealed the presence of a novel heterozygous likely pathogenic variant in STUB1 gene confirming a diagnosis of SCA48. Conclusions: Hyper and hypokinetic movement disorders seems to be a hallmark of SCA48. The frequent association of ataxia, chorea and cognitive impairment suggest consider SCA48 as a differential diagnosis of SCA17 and other Huntington-like disorders.; Introducción: Variantes patogénicas en el gen STUB1 pueden manifestarse bajo un patrón autosómico dominante (SCA48) o recesivo (SCAR16) de herencia. Reportamos un paciente con SCA48 con ataxia, demencia y movimientos anormales. Caso clínico: Describimos el caso de un varón de 45 anos ˜ con compromiso cognitivo, ataxia, bradicinesia, temblor y corea. Mediante un panel de ataxias se evidenció la presencia de una variante nueva probablemente patogénica en el gen STUB1, confirmando el diagnóstico de SCA48. Conclusiones: Trastornos del movimiento hipo e hipercinéticos demuestran ser una característica de los pacientes con SCA48. La asociación frecuente de ataxia, compromiso cognitivo y corea lleva a considerar SCA48 como diagnóstico diferencial de SCA17 y otras entidades similares a Huntington.

La otra encuesta feminista de 1919: cartas (inéditas) dirigidas a Elvira Rawson de Dellepiane durante la campaña nacional de la Asociación Pro-derechos de la Mujer; The other feminist survey of 1919: letters (unpublished) addressed to Elvira Rawson de Dellepiane during the national campaign of the Pro-Women’s Rights Association Vignoli, Marcela En el verano de 1919, la Asociación Pro-derechos de la Mujer, liderada por Elvira Rawson de Dellepiane, realizó una campaña nacional con el propósito de obtener adhesiones para losproyectos de ley en preparación que serían presentados a la Cámara de Diputados por el legisladorradical Rogelio Araya en julio de ese año: Emancipación Civil de la Mujer y Sufragio Femenino. Esteartículo examina el interesante corpus compuesto por cerca de 90 cartas dirigidas a la presidentade la Asociación desde distintos lugares del país en respuesta a esa campaña. ¿Cómo impactabaen la cotidianeidad la falta de derechos femeninos? ¿Por qué era imperioso modificarlos? ¿Quéalcance debía tener la reforma? ¿Qué futuro se imaginaban con más y mejores derechos? Estosfueron algunos de los tópicos en los que mujeres y varones centraron sus argumentos para adherira este proyecto; In the summer of 1919, the Pro-Women’s Rights Association, led by Elvira Rawson de Dellepiane, carried out a national campaign with the purpose of obtain adhesions of support of the bills that were in preparation and that would be presented by Union Cívica Radical deputy, Rogelio Araya on July: Civil Emancipation and Female Suffrage. This article examines the interested corpus made by more than ninety letters received from different parts of Argentine. How did the lack of women´s right impact in everyday life? What was so imperative to modify them? What scope should the reform have? What kind of future did they imagine with more and better rights? These were some of the topics on which women and men focused here arguments to adhere to this project.

‘Let’s go to Yankeeland!!’: Eduarda Mansilla y sus Recuerdos de viaje (1882): una mirada disonante en el 80 argentino; 'Let's go to Yankeeland!!’: Eduarda Mansilla and her Recuerdos de viaje (1882): a dissonant look at the Argentine 80’s Sosa, Carlos Hernán Durante el 80 argentino abundan relatos de viaje (Cané, Estrada, Groussac, etc.), género que bien podría definirse como una tarea de varones -que dejaron impresiones con motivo de sus desplazamientos, generalmente, a Europa, por placer o la tarea diplomática-, si no se hubiese editado Recuerdos de viaje (1882) de Eduarda Mansilla. Esta obra de una de las escritoras más importante del ámbito cultural rioplatense del siglo XIX acerca el único relato sobre la experiencia en Estados Unidos, durante la Guerra de Secesión, escrito por una mujer del período. El texto es relevante porque aporta matices, desde su inherente e impregnante perspectiva de género, permitiendo descentrar los estatutos del viaje estético tal como ha sido topicalizado por la crítica para abordar a los varones del 80. En su derrotero, una narradora sofisticada, munida del ‘savoir faire’, admira las libertades civiles y laborales de las norteamericanas, aunque se inquieta ante otras costumbres, bascula en el ‘leitmotiv’ de la alteridad cultural cuando analiza la política y el conflicto étnico. La fina ironía de la mirada multifocal de la foránea, porteña y mujer de mundo que es, en simultáneo, la narradora, rebalsa el texto con contrastes donde la Unión es eje de distanciamiento y seducción modélica.; During the Argentine 80’s, there was an abundance of travel accounts (Cané, Estrada, Groussac, etc.), a genre that could be defined as the work of men -who left impressions on the occasion of their travels, generally to Europe, for pleasure or diplomatic work- if Eduarda Mansilla's Recuerdos de viaje (1882) had not been published. This work by one of the most important writers of 19th century Rioplatense culture is the only account of an experience in the United States during the Civil War written by a woman of the period. The text is relevant because it provides nuances, from its inherent and permeating gender perspective, allowing the statutes of the aesthetic journey, topicalised by critics to address the men of the 80’s, to be de-centred. In her journey, a sophisticated woman narrator, with her savoir faire, admiring the civil and labour freedoms of American women, yet not always, dwells on the leitmotif of cultural otherness when analysing the politics and ethnic conflict. The fine irony of the multi-focal gaze of the foreigner, porteña and woman of the world, who is, at the same time, the woman narrator; overflows the text with contrasts where the Union is the axis of distancing and model seduction.

Water Circulation and Transport Time Scales in the Beagle Channel, Southernmost Tip of South America Cucco, Andrea; Martín de Nascimento, Jacobo; Quattrocchi, Giovanni; Fenco, Harold; Umgiesser, Georg; Fernandez, Daniel Alfredo The Beagle Channel is a long and narrow interoceanic passage within the Tierra del Fuego archipelago in the southernmost tip of South America. A high-resolution 3D hydrodynamic model based on the finite elements method was applied to investigate the residual circulation, water fluxes and transport time scales inside this channel. Numerical solutions were analyzed at seasonal time scale and the model results compared with observed ocean data. The circulation pattern is characterized by a west-to-east residual flow with low intensity and low seasonal variability. The water fluxes through the channel were estimated to be, on average, around 12,700 m3/s, with inflow through its western entrance and eastwards outflow mainly through the Mackinlay Strait. The water residence times vary seasonally with basin averages between 36 and 43 days and maximum values between 53 and 95 days. The results provide an overview of the hydrodynamics and water residence times in the Beagle Channel, a unique ecosystem threatened by recent anthropogenic pressures and climate change.

A review on inflammation and angiogenesis as key mechanisms involved in the pathogenesis of bovine cystic ovarian disease Stassi, Antonela Florencia; Díaz, Pablo Uriel; Gasser, Fátima Belén; Velázquez, Melisa María del Luján; Gareis, Natalia Carolina; Salvetti, Natalia Raquel; Ortega, Hugo Hector; Baravalle, María Eugenia Cystic ovarian disease (COD) is an important cause of reproductive failure in dairy cattle. The main aim of this review is to discuss some aspects related to inflammation and angiogenesis that seem to be involved in the development of follicular cysts in domestic animals, with special emphasis on the bovine species, in an attempt to elucidate the relationship between these two processes in the early stages of persistence and in the development of bovine COD. We describe the changes in the expression of cytokines and angiogenic factors that seem to generate disturbances in the intraovarian component underlying the aberrant persistence of follicular cysts. Results show that pro-inflammatory and anti-inflammatory cytokines behave as regulators of angiogenesis through direct and indirect effects, like overexpression of pro-angiogenic factors, particularly in bovine ovarian cells from follicular cysts and persistent follicles. We conclude that, in dairy cattle, an imbalance in the expression of cytokines and pro-angiogenic growth factors related to ovulation and the processes associated with it would contribute to follicular persistence and to the recurrent appearance of COD.

A note on Haag duality Garbarz, Alan Nicolás; Palau, Gabriel Alexis Haag duality is a remarkable property in QFT stating that the commutant of the algebra of observables localized in some region of spacetime is exactly the algebra associated to the causally disconnected region. It is a strong condition on the local structure and has direct consequences on entanglement measures. It was first shown to hold for a free scalar field and causal diamonds by Araki in 1964 and later by many authors in different ways. In particular, Eckmann and Osterwalder (EO) used Tomita-Takesaki modular theory to give a direct proof. However, it is not straightforward to relate this proof to the works of Araki, since they rely on two forms of the canonical commutation relations (CCR), called Segal and Weyl formulations, while EO work as starting point assumes that duality holds in the so-called “first quantization” in the Weyl formulation. It is our purpose to first introduce the works of Araki in a more easy-to-read but still rigorous and self-contained fashion, and show how Haag duality is stated in the Segal and Weyl formulations and in both first and second quantizations (and their immediate combination). This permits to understand the setting of the EO proof of Haag duality. There is nothing essentially new in this manuscript, with the exception of what we consider a simplification of EO proof that uses the adjoint S⁎ of the Tomita operator S instead of introducing several auxiliary operators. We hope this note will be useful for those seeking to understand where Haag duality comes from in a free scalar QFT.

Burocracias municipales: La profesionalización y la institucionalización de la Oficina de Obras Públicas en la ciudad de Río Cuarto (1870-1911); Municipal bureaucracies: The professionalization and institutionalization of the Public Works Office in the city of Río Cuarto (1870-1911); Burocracias municipais: A profissionalização e a institucionalização do Escritório de Obras Públicas na cidade de Río Cuarto (1870-1911) Maza, Lucía Romina Los cambios aparejados durante la segunda mitad del siglo XIX implicaron modificaciones socio-económicas y políticas que se plasmaron en el espacio urbano. En un intento por controlar dichos cambios, tuvo lugar dentro del Estado la creación de una burocracia, conformada por profesionales como ingenieros y urbanistas, capaces de reglamentar y vigilar las obras públicas. Desde una óptica local centrada en la ciudad de Río Cuarto, el siguiente trabajo procura brindar un esbozo en torno a esta temática, a partir de la creación de una burocracia municipal encargada del trazado y construcción de la planta urbana. Durante el último tercio de 1800, comienza una creciente institucionalización y profesionalización de los puestos municipales referidos a la obra pública, cuyo control de los cargos y delimitación de actividades derivarán en 1911 en la creación de la Oficina de Obras Públicas y Catastro.; The changes brought about during the second half of the 19th century implied socio-economic and political modifications that were reflected in the urban space. In an attempt to control these changes, a bureaucracy was created within the State, made up of professionals such as engineers and urban planners, capable of regulating and supervising public works. From a local perspective centered on the city of Río Cuarto, the following work seeks to provide an outline around this theme, based on the creation of a municipal bureaucracy in charge of the layout and construction of the urban plant. During the last third of 1800, a growing institutionalization and professionalization of municipal positions related to public works began, whose control of positions and delimitation of activities would lead in 1911 to the creation of the Office of Public Works and Cadastre.; As mudanças ocorridas na segunda metade do século XIX implicaram modificações socioeconômicas e políticas que se refletiram no espaço urbano. Na tentativa de controlar essas mudanças, foi criado um departamento estatal (burocracia), composto por profissionais como engenheiros e urbanistas, capazes de regular e fiscalizar as obras públicas. A partir de uma perspectiva local centrada na cidade de Río Cuarto, o presente trabalho busca contextualizar a temática, a partir da criação de um departamento municipal (burocracia) responsável pelo traçado e construção da planta urbana. Durante o último terço de 1800, iniciou-se uma crescente institucionalização e profissionalização dos cargos municipais relacionados às obras públicas, cujo controle de cargos e delimitação de atividades, em 1911, levou a criação do Escritório de Obras Públicas e Cadastro.

Trayectorias de salud en la Argentina: ¿Compresión o expansión de la morbilidad?; Health trajectories in Argentina: Compression or expansion of morbidity? Acosta, Laura Débora; Monteverde, Laura Malena; Bramajo, Octavio Nicolas Este trabajo tiene como objetivo estimar la esperanza de vida en salud (EVS) y la esperanza de vida en mala salud (EVMS), según diversos indicadores (discapacidades de la vida diaria, enfermedades crónicas y autopercepción de salud) en Argentina para el período 2005 a 2018. Se calculó la EVS y EVMS por medio del método de Sullivan (1971). Se utilizaron como fuentes, las defunciones de la Dirección de Estadísticas e Información en Salud (DEIS), proyecciones de población del INDEC y las Encuestas Nacionales de Factores de Riesgo 2005 a 2018. Los resultados difieren según el indicador de salud que se analice: la evolución de la EVMS con enfermedades crónicas (ambos sexos) y de la autopercepción de salud negativa en hombres, estarían evidenciando un proceso de expansión de la morbilidad. Por otra parte, la trayectoria de los indicadores de EVMS con discapacidad (ambos sexos) y con autopercepción de salud negativa en mujeres, indicarían un proceso de compresión de la morbilidad.; The objective of this paper is to estimate the healthy life expectancy (HLE) and life expectancy with disability/disease (LEWD), according to a group of indicators (disabilities of daily living, chronic diseases and self-perceived health) in Argentina for the period 2005 to 2018. We used the method of Sullivan (1971) to calculate the HLE and PHLE. The sources used were deaths from the Direction of Statistics and Health Information (DEIS), population projections from INDEC and the National Surveys of Risk Factors 2005 to 2018. The results differ according to the chosen health indicator: the evolution of LEWD with chronic diseases in both men and women and with negative self-perception of health in men show that a process of expansion of morbidity would be evidenced. On the other hand, trajectories of LEWD with disability (both sexes) and negative self-perception of health in women would indicate a process of compression of morbidity.

Stress effects on the impedance and ferroelectricity of PVDF- BiFeO3-MWCNT films using xanthan gum as dispersant Sosa, Mariana Daniela; Levy, Ivana Karina; Owusu, Francis; Nüesch, Frank; Opris, Dorina; Negri, Ricardo Martin; Saleh Medina, Leila María Composite films based on dispersions of bismuth ferrite (BiFeO3) in polyvinylidene fluoride (PVDF) matrixes were prepared in the presence of multiwalled-carbon-nanotubes (MWCNT), using xanthan gum (XG) as dispersant. Films were prepared by spin coating and characterized by infrared spectroscopy (FTIR) and electronic microscopy (SEM). SEM images showed that samples containing MWCNT and XG presented a uniform morphology with homogeneously dispersed fillers. Impedance spectroscopy analysis (ISA) up to 1 MHz and dielectric polarization curves (P-E loops) were recorded in the presence of applied unidirectional mechanical stresses (up to 10 MPa). The effect of stress on the dielectric permittivity and the relative remnant polarization was successfully described by a constitutive model, which assumes a linear dependence of the piezoelectric coefficient, d33, on the applied stress and the dielectric displacement.

Percepción del paisaje sonoro e identificación de estados emocionales durante el aislamiento preventivo, social y obligatorio frente al covid-19 en ciudadanos del norte de Argentina: Un enfoque desde la psicología ambiental Costas, José Miguel Este estudio analizó la percepción del entorno sonoro, la identificación de ciertas emociones y muestra una comparación de la percepcióndel sonido de la zona de residencia antes y durante el aislamiento social,preventivo y obligatorio ocurrido en Argentina el 20 de marzo de 2020. Larecolección de datos se realizó de manera online mediante la plataformade formularios Google, con respuestas obtenidas de la región Noroestedel país. Se utilizó como instrumento una encuesta autoadministrable condiferenciales semánticos y escalas Likert. Los resultados muestran una disminución en la percepción del ruido durante el aislamiento en las zonas deresidencia, pero la presencia de fuentes de carácter irritantes persistió conleves variaciones. En cuanto a los estados emocionales, emergió una estructura bidimensional del afecto con preponderancia de emociones negativas durante el momento del aislamiento. Existe una correlación bajapero significativa entre la percepción del ruido y ciertos estados emocionales.; This study analyzed the perception of the sound environment, the identification of certain emotions and shows a comparison of the perception of sound in the area of residence before and during the social, preventive and compulsory isolation that occurred in Argentina on March 20- 2020. The collection of data was carried out online using the Google forms platform, with responses obtained from the Northwest region of the country. A self-administered survey with semantic differentials and Likert scales was used as an instrument. The results show a decrease in the perception of noise during isolation in the areas of residence, but the presence of irritating sources persisted with slight variations. Regarding emotional states, a two-dimensional structure of affect emerged with a preponderance of negative emotions during the time of isolation. There is a low but significant correlation between the perception of noise and certain emotional states.

The transition to electric mobility: opportunities for the automotive value chain in Argentina Dulcich, Federico Martín; Porta, Fernando Enrique; Ubogui, Matias; Baruj, Gustavo Andrés The current transition from internal combustion engine vehicles to electric vehicles opens windows of opportunity for the repositioning of firms and countries in global and regional automotive value chains. The objective of this paper is to study these opportunities posed for the automotive chain in Argentina. The main results show that Argentina lags behind in the production and diffusion of electric vehicles and has a low deployment of the charging infrastructure. However, this transition would be an opportunity for Argentina to reposition itself in the regional automotive value chains; and its growing specialisation in pickups could position it in the nascent electric pickup market, without large, consolidated players. At the same time, there are opportunities to increase the national integration of parts and components of the electric powertrain and reduce the high incidence of imports of auto parts.

Eficiencia energética envolventes de vinificación: Estudio de casos de nuevas tecnologías vs tradicionales; Winemaking envelopes energy efficiency: New technologies vs. traditional comparative study cases Ramos Sanz, Alba El presente trabajo aborda un estudio de casos comparativo entre dos tecnologías de tanques de vinificación, nuevas y tradicionales, con el fin de determinar el comportamiento energético de los modelos de producción del vino, en relación con el clima de la zona vitivinícola considerada. Se aborda el proceso de vinificación más común y energéticamente intensivo de las bodegas; la fermentación del mosto durante el período de verano. Mediante datos empíricos obtenidos con observación simple registrada con sensores de temperatura, procesados con softwares estadísticos, se establecen estadígrafos, distribuciones de probabilidad, correlaciones y modelos lineales bivariados. Con esta información se determina la tasa energética de cada modelo tecnológico productivo. Desde los diversos enfoques considerados, los resultados obtenidos indican que la nueva tecnología de envolvente de fermentación presenta una mayor tasa energética por unidad de producto (kWh/L) que la tecnología de envolvente tradicional, y que esta diferencia se asocia a las temperaturas de la zona climática de estudio.; The present work deals with a comparative case study between two technologies of winemaking tanks, new and traditional ones, to determine the energetic performance of wine production models in relation to the climate zone. The wineries' most common and energy-intensive winemaking process is addressed; fermentation of the must during summer. Using empirical data obtained by simple observations with temperature sensors, processed with statistical software, coefficients of variation, probability distribution, correlations, and bivariate models. With this information, the energy rate of each productive technological model is determined. From different approaches, the results obtained in the interior temperatures of both technological models indicate that the new fermentation envelope technology presents a higher energy rate per unit of product (kWh / L) than traditional envelope technology, and that difference is explained by outsider temperature from the climatic study area.

Influence of land-use changes on microbial community structure and diversity in a semiarid region Vázquez, Carolina; Verdenelli, Romina Aylen; Merlo, Carolina; Perez Brandan, Carolina Gabriela; Kowaljow, Esteban; Meriles, Jose Manuel Land-use change and the conversion of land into croplands is one of the main drivers of soil degradation and the loss of soil organic carbon. Few studies have evaluated the impact of the expansion of the agricultural frontier on soil microbial communities in the Gran Chaco region in South America; therefore, the objective of this study was to explore how soil microbial communities respond to land-use changes in a semiarid region of Argentina. The land uses selected were total and selective clearing with livestock (TC-livestock and SC-livestock), total clearing with agriculture (TC-agriculture), and an undisturbed site (R-Chancaní). Our results suggest that microbial abundances were strongly influenced by seasonal changes. In both seasons, the lowest values of total microbial biomass were observed in TC-agriculture and TC-livestock. In the wet season, TC-agriculture had the lowest fungal abundance, and both total clearing sites (TC-livestock and TC-agriculture) had higher bacterial abundance than the other sites. Our data also showed that the Shannon and richness indices were highest at the farming sites, indicating a similar tendency in the diversity indexes in both dry and wet seasons. According to Pearson correlation analysis, humic substance (HS) content was a key driver influencing soil microbial communities, demonstrating that high HS content may significantly increase bacteria, fungi, and total phospholipid fatty acids. Microbial composition highly depended on seasonal changes. Overall, our results suggest that land-use change altered microbial community structure and bacterial diversity, and that HS content played a crucial role in driving changes in soil microbial composition.

The influence of Hickson-like compact group environment on galaxy luminosities Zandivarez, Arnaldo Ariel; Díaz Giménez, E.; Taverna, Maria Antonela Compact groups of galaxies are devised as extreme environments where interactions may drive galaxy evolution. In this work, we analysed whether the luminosities of galaxies inhabiting compact groups differ from those of galaxies in loose galaxy groups. We computed the luminosity functions of galaxy populations inhabiting a new sample of 1412 Hickson-like compact groups of galaxies identified in the Sloan Digital Sky Survey Data Release 16. We observed a characteristic absolute magnitude for galaxies in compact groups brighter than that observed in the field or loose galaxy systems. We also observed a deficiency of faint galaxies in compact groups in comparison with loose systems. Our analysis showed that the brightening is mainly due to galaxies inhabiting the more massive compact groups. In contrast to what is observed in loose systems, where only the luminosities of Red (and Early) galaxies show a dependency with group mass, luminosities of Red and Blue (also Early and Late) galaxies in compact groups are affected similarly as a function of group virial mass. When using Hubble types, we observed that elliptical galaxies in compact groups are the brightest galaxy population, and groups dominated by an elliptical galaxy also display the brightest luminosities in comparison with those dominated by spiral galaxies. Moreover, we show that the general luminosity trends can be reproduced using a mock catalogue obtained from a semi-analytical model of galaxy formation. These results suggest that the inner extreme environment in compact groups prompts a different evolutionary history for their galaxies.

Hacia la construcción de un proyecto pedagógico del Centro Universitario San Martín (CUSAM) Lombraña, Andrea Natalia; Strauss, Luciana; Tejerina, Diego Martin Cuando una institución universitaria ingresa a una institución penitenciaria, se ponen en juego una serie de relaciones y sentidos que involucran y cruzan estudiantes, docentes, autoridades académicas, detenidos, agentes y funcionarios del servicio penitenciario, así como determinados espacios (aulas, pabellones, lugares de reunión y encuentro, pasillos), objetos, cuerpos, lenguajes y dispositivos pedagógicos que coexisten con dispositivos de seguridad. El Centro Universitario de San Martín (CUSAM) lleva casi catorce años de funcionamiento en la Unidad 48 de José León Suárez, su historia está íntimamente relacionada con el territorio y organizaciones sociales de San Martín. La oferta curricular está compuesta por la carrera de Sociología —que ya cuenta con seis graduados—, Trabajo Social, la Diplomatura en Gestión Cultural y Comunitaria, así como por talleres artísticos y de oficios. A diferencia de otros espacios educativos que funcionan en instituciones de encierro, el CUSAM es el único centro educativo en América Latina donde comparten el aula detenidos y agentes del servicio penitenciario. Nos proponemos, a partir de la experiencia de CUSAM y en diálogo con otros programas similares, presentar algunas pistas que contribuyan a la producción de un conocimiento pedagógico específico y en constante construcción, para la enseñanza y el aprendizaje en el encierro en una unidad penitenciaria del conurbano bonaerense, pero también en otros espacios educativos que funcionan en contextos críticos.; The CUSAM is a campus of the Universidad Nacional de San Martín that is located at the Unit Nº48 in Complejo Penitenciario Norte, José León Suarez. It was founded in 2008 after an agreement between the university and the Servicio Penitenciario Bonaerense (SPB - the local penitentiary agency) with the aim of guaranteeing the right for education to both men and women deprived of ambulatory freedom, as well as SPB agents. A large part of its students come from communities nearby the prison and have experienced the deficiency of their most basic rights before entering prison. This paper describes the main characteristics acquired by teaching-learning practices at CUSAM through the general analysis of the pedagogical guidelines of the project which, far from being defined, are subject to constant debate and reworking. Throughout the text are established three central topics on which this university project is based on: its roots with the territory, the collective nature of the proposal and the deployment of a critical pedagogy in its development. Finally this paper identifies the contact and possible tensions with popular education models and the contributions that these theories can generate in the construction of educational projects in the context of confinement are analyzed.