Comprensión lectora: intervención para su desarrollo en estudiantes de primer ciclo de la escolaridad primaria; Reading comprehension: an intervention aimed to enhance its development in primary school children Musci, María Cecilia; Picca, Romina; Barreyro, Juan Pablo; Brenlla, María Elena; Gottheil, Barbara La comprensión lectora (CL) es un proceso cognitivo complejo que implica un conjunto de operaciones mentales que posibilitan la construcción de una representación integrada del texto. Se presentan resultados de un estudio en curso que apunta a evaluar la mejora en CL de niños de escolaridad primaria a partir de la implementación de un programa de intervención específico: Para Leerte Mejor (PLM) (Gottheil et al., 2017), que interviene sobre el conocimiento acerca del vocabulario, la autorregulación de la comprensión, el conocimiento de la estructura del texto y la generación de inferencias. Se trabajó con una muestra compuesta por 60 niños de 3° grado de escuelas de la zona del Alto Valle, de la Región Patagónica. Se optó por un diseño de tipo experimental, con grupo control en espera y otro de intervención, en modalidad longitudinal (pretest y postest). La intervención consistió en 20 sesiones de trabajo, con una frecuencia de dos veces por semana. Las evaluaciones pretest y postest se realizaron mediante pruebas que permiten identificar el desempeño en procesos cognitivos y metacognitivos vinculados con la CL, adaptadas para nuestro contexto. Los resultados permiten inferir que la intervención mediante el programa implicó una mejora significativa en la CL en general y en las habilidades centrales comprendidas en la misma, en comparación con los cambios que se producen mediante la enseñanza convencional. Se evidencia la importancia de la enseñanza explícita de estrategias y del trabajo sistemático sobre estas.; Reading Comprehension (RC) is a complex cognitive process that involves a set of mental operations that makes possible the construction of an integrated representation of the text. The results of an ongoing study are presented. It´s aims are to evaluate the improvement in RC of children in primary school after the implementation of a specific RC intervention programme: Para Leerte Mejor (PLM) (Gottheil et al., 2017), which intervenes on Knowledge about Vocabulary, Comprehension Monitoring, Knowledge of the Structure of the Text and Inference Generation. The research was made with 60 3er grade children from schools in the Alto Valle area, in the Patagonian Region. We opted for an experimental design with a waiting control group and an intervention design, in longitudinal mode (pretest and posttest). The intervention consisted of 20 working sessions, with a twice a week frequency. The pretest and posttest evaluations were carried out using tests that allow us to identify performance in cognitive and metacognitive processes linked to RC, which are adapted to our context. The results allow us to conclude that the intervention through the programme implied a significant improvement in RC in general and in the core skills included in it, compared to the changes that occur through conventional teaching. The importance of the explicit teaching of strategies and the systematic work on them is evident.

A imagen y semejanza: Sexo y cuerpo en las performance y videos posporno de Argentina; Image and likeness: Sex and body in post-porn performances and videos from Argentina Milano, Laura Vanesa Este artículo explora una de las dimensiones de la pospornografía y de su particular expresión situada: las representaciones del sexo y los cuerpos, en las performance y videos producidos en Argentina (2011-2015). Se indaga aquí en los modos en que se actualizó una discursividad queer/disidente respecto a las corporalidades y la sexualidad, a partir de la especificidad de laperformance y el video. La hipótesis que sostiene este trabajo supone que, a partir operaciones estéticas/políticas concretas, se construyó un porno a “imagen y semejanza” que actualizó ciertas nociones del cuerpo y a sexualidad desde una perspectiva sexo-disidente.; This article explores one of the dimensions of post-pornography and its particular situated expression: the representations of sex and bodies, in the performances and videos produced in Argentina (2011-2015). Here we investigate the ways in which a queer/dissident discourse regarding corporalities and sexuality was updated, based on the specificity of performance and video. The hypothesis that sustains this work assumes that, based on specific aesthetic/political operations, an "image and likeness" porn was built that updated certain notions of the body and sexuality from a sexdissident perspective.

Una selva sensorial: Espacialidad háptica en algunas instalaciones de Ernesto Neto; A Sensorial Rainforest: Haptic Spatiality in Ernesto Neto’s installations Depetris Chauvin, Irene A partir de Soplo (2019), la retrospectiva de Ernesto Neto en el Museo de Arte Latinoamericano de Buenos Aires (MALBA), propongo abordar algunas esculturas e instalaciones interactivo-táctiles del artista brasileño poniendo en relación los debates que al interior del “giro afectivo” se desarrollan sobre las dimensión háptica y el afecto y los modos en que esta práctica artística se presenta como “cura” en un entorno natural en crisis. Por medio del trabajo sobre materiales “poco nobles” –especias aromáticas, hilos sintéticos, textiles– y técnicas artesanales de croché, las instalaciones escultóricas de Neto invitan a una experiencia sensorial que implica diferentes formas de percepción/inmersión. En el cruce entre la escultura, la instalación y el arte textil, Neto desafía al espectador a invertir la jerarquía entre los sentidos de la vista, el olfato y el tacto, al mismo tiempo que el carácter colaborativo de la obra involucra de manera activa no solo los procesos perceptivos, sino la relación entre los participantes. Este componente afectivo y performático de las prácticas hápticas y espaciales en las obras de Neto es central para articular “formas de estar en el mundo” más empáticas con el entorno y el universo de lo vivo.; In this article I study some sculptures and interactive-tactile installations of Brazilian artist Ernesto Neto in light of contributions on hapticity and affect from the field of “Affective Turn”, and considering how some art practices see themselves as a “cure” in a natural environment in crisis. By using everyday materials and techniques such as aromatic spices, synthetic threads, textiles, and crochet, Neto’s sculptural installations invite a sensory experience that involves different modes of perception/immersion. At the crossroads between sculpture, installation and textile art, his works challenge the viewer to invert the hierarchy between the senses of sight, smell and touch, at the same time that the collaborative nature of the work produces a physical experience that actively influences the relationship between the participants. This affective and performative component of the haptic and spatial practices in Neto’s works is central to the articulation of “new ways of being in the world” that are more empathic with the environment, and with the universe of the living.

Las revistas médicas y bioquímicas argentinas en la encrucijada: Tensiones entre la visibilidad internacional y la resistencia lingüística; Medical and biochemical journals in Argentina at a crossroads: Tensions between international visibility and linguistic resistance Von Stecher, Pablo Este trabajo observa las revistas argentinas de medicina, bioquímica y farmacología con el fin de estudiar qué lenguas admiten para la difusión de artículos y cómo se posicionan frente a la supremacía actual del inglés en la comunicación científica. El análisis, sobre 59 revistas, expone una variedad de posturas entre las publicaciones monolingües que defienden el uso del español o del inglés, hasta las propuestas plurilingües que incorporan el portugués o editan dos versiones de los artículos en distintas lenguas. El trabajo se inscribe en un enfoque glotopolítico, interesado en estudiar las intervenciones en el espacio público del lenguaje.; This study analyses medical, biochemical, and pharmaceutical journals in Argentina to ascertain the languages in which they accept articles and their stance on the current supremacy of English in scientific communication. The analysis encompasses 59 different journals and highlights a variety of approaches, which range from monolingual publications that defend the use of Spanish or English to multilingual journalshat include Portuguese or publish two versions of the articles in different languages. The study takes a glottopolitical approach, seeking to study interventions in the public space of language.

40 años después: memorias, archivos y representaciones de la cuestión Malvinas Perera, Verónica; Gamarnik, Cora Edith; Guembe, María Laura Las efemérides suelen volverse escenarios que muestran conflictos entre actores sociales. En esas fechas calendarizadas desde el Estado, los sujetos individuales y colectivos reordenan el pasado, lo vuelven legible y lo disputan según sus anhelos y necesidades del presente. Al momento de presentar este dossier, en junio de 2022, aún se suceden conmemoraciones y reuniones, eventos culturales y académicos que recuerdan y reflexionan sobre la guerra y la posguerra de Malvinas ocurrida en 1982.Es todavía temprano, entonces, para establecer las novedades memoriales que este 40 aniversario trajo aparejado. Sería prematuro identificar el índice histórico de las imágenes que recién ahora alcanzan legibilidad, como lo diría Benjamin. Pero podemos bosquejar, con prudencia, algunas nuevas visibilidades y ciertas persistencias en los modos de pensar “Malvinas”. En 2022, cobró mayor visibilidad la participación de las mujeres en el conflicto bélico. No hay registro unificado ni archivo que permita establecer exactamente cuántas fueron las enfermeras y aspirantes a enfermería, instrumentadoras quirúrgicas, radioperadoras y radiotelegrafistas que, desde las tres fuerzas armadas y con experiencias muy disímiles, participaron directamente en la guerra de 1982 (Salerno, 2022).Estuvieron ausentes en las memorias dominantes y las historias oficiales hasta hace diez años (Panero, 2012). Solo algunas fueron reconocidas como veteranas (recientemente con derecho a pensión de guerra vitalicia), mientras la mayoría sigue reclamando reconocimiento simbólico y material al Estado democrático.

O Brasil na América Latina Blanco, Alejandro Raul; Jackson, Luiz Carlos O artigo contextualiza os processos de produção e circulação do livro Dependência e desenvolvimento na América Latina (1969), de Fernando Henrique Cardoso (1931-) e Enzo Faletto (1935-2003). Realizado em parceria pelos dois sociólogos, no interior de um espaçotransnacional das ciências sociais da década de 1960, que envolvia instituições como a Cepal, o Ilpes e a Flacso, o livro teve como estribos as experiências mais bem-sucedidas de institucionalização nacional e transnacional das ciências sociais na região, as do Brasil e do Chile, e foi publicado em espanhol pela editora mexicana Siglo XXI, em boa medida responsável por seu sucesso comercial excepcional, de um best seller da sociologia latinoamericana.; The article contextualizes the processes of production and circulation of the book Dependency and Development in Latin America (1969), by Fernando Henrique Cardoso (1931-) and Enzo Faletto (1935- 2003). Produced in partnership by the two sociologists, within a transnational space of the social sciences in the 1960s, which involved institutions such as Cepal, Ilpes and Flacso, the book was based on the most successful experiences of national and transnational institutionalization of social sciences in the region, those of Brazil and Chile; it was published in Spanish by Mexican publisher Siglo XXI, largely responsible for its exceptional commercial success, of a best seller in Latin American sociology.

Cono sur, autoritarismos y disidencias sexo-genéricas Introducción al número temático; Southern Cone, authoritarianism, and sex-generic dissidences Introduction to the thematic volume D´antonio, Débora Carina; Sempol, Diego A nivel regional durante los últimos quince años se viene desarrollando dentro de los estudios sobre el pasado reciente y la memoria, un subcampo en dondese entrecruzan las investigaciones sobre sexualidades disidentes sexo-genéricas yel análisis de los procesos autoritarios del Cono Sur. Este diálogo permitió visualizar toda una gama de violencias sociales y estatales que históricamente habíansido naturalizadas, así como promovió acercamientos analíticos más integralesa los procesos históricos y a los límites que tuvieron en su momento, tanto losproyectos de emancipación en las izquierdas, como el propio paradigma de los derechos humanos. Es posible entonces construir una genealogía regional del encuentro entre los estudios sobre los procesos autoritarios y el de las sexualidades en conflicto con la heteronorma. A nivel académico se podría situar el punto de emergencia de este diálogo con el trabajo pionero de Rapisardi y Modarelli (2001), que analizó por primera vez las diferentes formas de persecución que enfrentaron los homosexuales porteños y las estrategias de resistencia que desplegaron para sobrevivir durante la última dictadura argentina (1976-1983).2 Bajo el interrogante de ¿cómo hicieron los gais para seguir siendo gais en la dictadura? se dejó planteada la cuestión sobre la sociabilidad homosexual en épocas de autoritarismo y la cuestión de una cultura festiva como transgresión, y hasta cierto punto se forjó un «relato maestro» sobre la experiencia de los homosexuales durante este período, así como también sobre los primeros años de la democracia. No obstante, el tema continuó siendo marginal dentro de los estudios del pasado reciente por largo tiempo.

Lengua, enunciación, discurso: un estudio sobre la noción de subjetividad en algunas propuestas lingüísticas; Language, enunciation, discourse: a study on the notion of subjectivity in some linguistic proposals Savio, Ana Karina Este artículo busca ubicar, interrogar y analizar qué se interpreta por subjetividad en determinados enfoques provenientes de los estudios del lenguaje. En este sentido, se han incluido autores representativos que se inscriben dentro de la tradición enunciativa y algunos procedentes del análisis del discurso, que se valen de la enunciación para problematizar su naturaleza, a saber: Arnauld y Lancelot, Bally, Benveniste, Jakobson, Culioli, Ducrot, Kerbrat-Orecchioni, Maingueneau y Pêcheux. Este escrito está organizado siguiendo tres ejes: las definiciones de enunciación establecidas en los textos seleccionados, los modos en que en estas elaboraciones se entiende la lengua y su articulación (o no) con el pensamiento, y las formas en que circula(n) la(s) subjetividad(es) y sus implicancias. Este recorrido ha permitido identificar las distintas concepciones relativas a la dimensión enunciativa y a la relación lengua/pensamiento que atraviesan los desarrollos teóricos abordados, y ha reconocido dos modos de pensar la subjetividad: una subjetividad constituyente, en la que el sujeto es causa, origen; y una subjetividad constituida, en la que el sujeto es efecto. Sin embargo, se advierten diversos matices que singularizan las distintas propuestas.; The purpose of this article is to locate, question and analyze what is understood by subjectivity in certain approaches coming from language studies. In this respect, representative authors have been included who are part of the enunciative tradition, and some are from discourse analysis who use enunciation to question its nature, namely: Arnauld and Lancelot, Bally, Benveniste, Jakobson, Culioli, Ducrot, KerbratOrecchioni, Maingueneau and Pêcheux. This paper is organized along three axes: the definitions of enunciation established in the selected texts, the ways in which language and its articulation (or not) along with thought are understood in these elaborations, and the ways in which subjectivity(ies) circulate(s) and their implications. This journey has made it possible to identify the different conceptions related to the enunciative dimension and to the language/thought relationship that cross the theoretical developments addressed, and has recognized two ways of thinking about subjectivity: a constituent subjectivity, in which the subject is cause, origin; and a constituted subjectivity, in which the subject is effect. However, there are various nuances that distinguish the different proposals.

Optimization of the processing conditions for producing osmo-dehydrated arazá (Eugenia stipitata, McVaugh) and evaluation of its antioxidant content and activity Reyes Alvarez, Camilo Andres; Gamboa, Juliana; Lanari, María Cecilia BACKGROUND: Arazá, a tropical berry rich in thermolabile antioxidants (ascorbic-acid/phenolics/flavonoids/carotenoids), is a potential ingredient for preparing functional foods; however, its high perishability hinders its industrial application. Osmotic-dehydration (OD), a processing method that operates at low temperature ranges, may be adequate for improving arazá's shelf-life without reducing its palatability/nutritional quality. Physicochemical and nutritional properties depend on the time/temperature/osmotic-solution concentration applied; therefore, parameters optimization is required. Processing selection must also consider treatment effect on antioxidants composition/activity/bioaccessibility in the gastro-intestinal (GI) tract, key factors in bioactives health benefits. OBJECTIVES: a) Optimize OD duration/temperature/sucrose concentration to maximize process efficiency/total-polyphenol content/overall-acceptability using principal component analysis and Response-Surface-Methodology/Desirability-Function. b) Determine OD effect on antioxidant content/activity/bioaccessibilities before and after gastro-intestinal digestion. RESULTS AND CONCLUSIONS: Processing conditions have opposite effects on sensory and chemical properties; reaching antioxidant content/activity highest levels in the osmo-dehydrated fruit required 60 min/20°Bx; whereas, the best organoleptic scores demanded 180 min/60°Bx. Although osmotic-drying reduced the fruit's antioxidant content/activity 39-76%, the process improved antioxidants bioaccessibilities, since these values were: 63-85% (untreated fruit) and 72-90% (osmodehydrated arazá (ODA)), whereas the activity retention levels were 67-76% (untreated fruit/ODA).

Postmortem interval estimation with Dermestes maculatus (Coleoptera: Dermestidae) and Chrysomya albiceps (Diptera: Calliphoridae) in Colombia; Estimación del intervalo post mortem con Dermestes maculatus (Coleoptera: Dermestidae) y Chrysomya albiceps (Diptera: Calliphoridae) en Colombia Zanetti, Noelia Inés; Ramos Pastrana, Yardany; Córdoba Suarez, Eric Insects attracted to cadavers can be used to estimate postmortem interval (PMI). In this study, a sample of insects associated with a dressed human cadaver that was enclosed with a woolen blanket tied to a stone in a closed and aquatic environment was found and analyzed to determine PMI. Inmature stages and adults of Chrysomya albiceps and Dermestes maculatus were collected. Furthermore, an experience with a pig carcass was conducted under the same conditions the human cadaver was found to verify the emersion time. This began 3 days after carcass submersion. mPMI was 20 days and approximately 1.5 h. The data present in this work illustrates the use of D. maculatus and C. albiceps to determine time of death under particular conditions, being the beetle species the first colonizer.; Los insectos atraídos a cadáveres pueden ser usados para estimar el intervalo post mortem (IPM). En este estudio, una muestra de estados inmaduros y adultos de Dermestes maculatus y Chrysomya albiceps fueron recolectados en asociación con un cadáver humano en un ambiente cerrado y acuático en Caquetá, Colombia, y analizada para determinar el IPM. Además, se condujo un experimento con un cadáver porcino para estimar el tiempo de emersión, que comenzó tres días después de la sumersión del cadáver. El IPM mínimo fue 481.5 horas. El tiempo de muerte, tiempo de emersión y el periodo de actividad insectil coincidieron con las acciones de los sospechosos del crimen, quienes confesaron haber asesinado a la víctima 25 días antes del descubrimiento del cadáver.

Aportes desde la geografía para el estudio de la calidad de vida en la Patagonia Argentina a principios del siglo XXI; Contributions from geography to the study of quality of life in Argentine Patagonia at the beginning of the 21st century Perez, German Gabriel; Mare, Marcos Damian; Velázquez, Guillermo Ángel En este artículo se utiliza el Índice de Calidad de Vida (ICV) para analizar las diferencias socioeconómicas y ambientales, a escala de radios censales, de la población de la Patagonia argentina, territorio que, a pesar de encabezar el ranking nacional del ICV, posee diferencias internas muy importantes. Los resultados obtenidos muestran 12 Áreas de Homogeneidad Relativa distinguidas por sus características internas y sus cualidades de organización regional. Las variables relativas a la calidad de vida, evidencian diferentes situaciones. Entre ellas destacamos: a) diferenciación entre espacios rurales de gran superficie y escasa población con respecto a las áreas urbanas que estructuran el dinamismo regional, b) gran fragmentación en las periferias urbanas en un marco de gran dinamismo demográfico, c) enclaves de explotación de recursos energéticos, minerales y turísticos y d) ciudades intermedias con peso administrativo y financiero. Todas estas disparidades, confirman la idea de una Patagonia Argentina sumamente heterogénea.; In this article, the Quality of Life Index (QLI) is used to analyze the socio-economic and environmental differences, at the census radius scale, of the population of Argentine Patagonia, a territory that, despite leading the national QLI ranking, has significant internal differences. The results obtained show 12 Areas of Relative Homogeneity distinguished by their internal characteristics and qualities of the regional organization. The variables related to the quality of life show different situations. Among them, one highlight: a) differentiation between rural spaces with a large surface area and a low population concerning urban areas that structure regional dynamism, b) significant fragmentation in urban peripheries in a context of great demographic dynamism, c) enclaves of exploitation of energy, mineral and tourist resources and d) intermediate cities with administrative and financial weight. All these disparities confirm the idea of a highly heterogeneous Argentine Patagonia.

Biotecnología, sementes trangênicas é acumulação por expropriação na Argentina (1991-2021): Dereitos de propiedade intelectual, uso própio y apropiação de renda; Biotechnology, Transgenic Seeds and Accumulation by Dispossession in Argentina (1991-2021): Intellectual Property Rights, Own Use and Income Appropiation Gómez Lende, Sebastián O capital freqüentemente usa seu controle sobre a mudanza tecnológica e os direitos de propriedade intelectual para cercear os direitos dos agricultores de cultivar, armazenar e trocar livremente suas sementes. Com foco em soja, milho e algodão, este artigo usa bibliografia acadêmica e fontes públicas, corporativas e jornalísticas para abordar a relação entre acumulação por expropriação, sementes, enclausuramento jurídico-tecnológico e extração de renda na Argentina, o terceiro maior país do mundo no que diz respeito à área semeada con culturas transgênicas. Os resultados mostram que as empresas privilegiaram nichos de mercado onde podem fazer valer seus dereitos de propriedade intelectual, utilizando para os demais casos o argumento da venda clandestina de sementes como pretexto para obrigar a os agricultores a pagar royalties pelo replantio de parte de sua colheita. Em ambos os casos, as corporaçoes aproveitaram sua dependência dos novos paquetes de biotecnologia para capturar mais renda dos mercados cativos.; The capital uses to appeal to its control over both technological change and intellectual property rights in order to enclosure the farmers to freely cultivate, stock, and exchange their seeds. By focusing on the soybean, corn and cotton cases, this paper uses scholar literature and public, corporative and journalistic data to approach the relationship between accumulation by dispossession, seeds, legal and technological enclosures and income extraction in Argentina, the third country of the world regarding area planted with GM crops. The findings show that the corporations privileged the market’s niches where can assert their intellectual property rights, using in the remaining cases the argument of seeds’ illegal sale as a pretext to inforce the farmers to pay them royalties for the reseed of their harvest. In both cases, the companies took advantage of the farmers’ dependency on the new biotechnological packages to capture more rent from captive markets.

“Era la tierra doblada con que se peleó arriesgadamente…” Paisajes de guerra y resistencia indígena en Gualfín hacia mediados del siglo XVII (Valle Calchaquí, Gobernación del Tucumán); “Era la tierra doblada con que se peleó arriesgadamente...” Warfare landscapes and indigenous resistance in Gualfín during mid-17th century (Calchaquí valley, Gobernación del Tucumán) Castellanos, María Cecilia; Villegas, Maria Paula; Williams, Veronica Isabel Los relatos coloniales sobre el valle Calchaquí a mediados del siglo XVII dan cuenta de un escenario de conflicto. Para octubre de 1659, un grupo de solados al mando de Mercado y Villacorta ingresa a territorio Gualfín dando lugar a uno de los avances más duros en el valle. En este trabajo ponemos en diálogo los relatos sobre la geografía y los paisajes referidos en las fuentes escritas a partir del derrotero que sigue el ejército español hacia estas tierras y la información producida por investigaciones arqueológicas en la zona. Dicho cruce lleva a configurar un paisaje y una geografía en guerra, dejando recuperar la capacidad de agencia de las poblaciones gualfines y la fragilidad de las alianzas establecidas. Se sugiere también un posible origen foráneo de los gualfines, así como una amplia territorialidad que incluía fondo de valle y tierras altas, articulada a partir de prácticas estacionales y redes que involucraban otros espacios y colectivos indígenas.; Colonial narratives in the mid-17th century about the Calchaquí valley reveal a scenario of conflict. By October 1659, a group of soldiers led by Mercado and Villacorta entered Gualfín territory, resulting in one of the harshest occupations in the valley. In this paper, we compare the information about geography and landscapes contained in the written sources about the entry of the Spanish army and the information produced by archaeological investigations in the area. This dialogue leads to the configuration of a landscape and geography in a war conflict context, allowing us to recover the agency of the Gualfines and to strengthen the fragility of the established alliances. We also suggest a possible foreign origin for the Gualfines, as well as a wide territoriality where valley bottom and highlands were included, and that was articulated through seasonal practices and networks involving other indigenous spaces and collectives.

Bioinspired Photocatalyzed Organic Synthetic Transformations. The Use of Natural Pigments and Vitamins in Photocatalysis Barata Vallejo, Sebastian; Yerien, Damián Emilio; Postigo, Jose Alberto Due to the necessity for more environmentally benign processes in synthetic organic chemistry, and in particular in photocatalysis, a recourse to photocatalysts that are also found in nature and mimic natural processes to accomplish organic transformations is very appealing. Synthetic useful reactions such as oxidations, reductions, carbon-oxygen, carbon-carbon and carbon-sulfur bond formation reactions, and E-to-Z geometrical isomerization reactions photocatalyzed by biological natural pigments, vitamins, cofactors, and compounds with antiviral activity will be discussed in this account. Interestingly, due to the remarkable redox properties and triplet energies of some of these catalysts that are found in nature, both electron transfer (ET)- and energy transfer (EnT)-driven photocatalytic processes can be accomplished.

Sociocartogramas en la entrevista: Instrumento para el abordaje en pequeñas localidades; Sociocartograms in the interview: Instrument for the approach in small towns Diez Tetamanti, Juan Manuel Investigar en pequeñas localidades, pueblos o aldeas, nos pone ante el desafío de cuestionar críticamente nuestras producciones de territorios, concebidas en la ciudad desde la lógica académica. Esta tarea constituye también una cuestión hermenéutica; interpretar los territorios ante sus singularidades. Esto va mucho más lejos aún, si lo hacemos desde una propuesta que considere construir planos comunes e intercambios de experiencias sensibles durante la entrevista. Para este abordaje, los sociocartogramas son un instrumento acorde. Los sociocartogramas constituyen un acto performativo en la entrevista. Su característica colectiva emerge de metodologías como la de cartografía social, y desde la perspectiva de la pesquisa cartográfica. En este artículo se presenta su génesis, argumento y método de trabajo, así como se referencian algunos casos concretos de aplicación experimental. Palabras clave: sociocartograma, metodología, pequeñas localidades, hermenéutica.; Researching in small districs, towns or villages, puts us before the challenge of critically questioning our productions of territories, conceived in the city from the academic logic. This task is also a hermeneutical question; interpret the territories in the face of their singularities. This goes much further still, if we do it from a proposal that considers building common plans and exchanges of sensitive experiences during the interview. For this approach, sociocartograms are a suitable instrument. Sociocartograms constitute a performative act in the interview. Its collective characteristic emerges from methodologies such as social cartography, and from the perspective of cartographic research. In this article its genesis, argument and working method are presented, as well as some concrete cases of experimental application are referenced. Keywords: sociocartogram, methodology, small towns, hermeneutics.

α-Linolenic acid rich-chia seed modulates visceral adipose tissue collagen deposition, lipolytic enzymes expression, insulin signaling and GLUT-4 levels in a diet-induced adiposity rodent model Aiassa, Victoria; Ferreira Cordoneda, Maria del Rosario; Villafañe, Noelia Lorena; D'alessandro, Maria Eugenia Guadalupe Given obesity and its associated metabolic disorders have reached epidemic proportions, the study of therapeutic strategies targeting white adipose tissue (WAT) are of main research interest. We previously shown that α-linolenic acid–rich chia seed was able to ameliorate a wide range of metabolic disorders including body fat accretion in sucrose-rich diet (SRD)-fed rats, an experimental model of visceral adiposity and insulin resistance. However, the mechanisms involved are not fully clarified. The aim of this study was to evaluate the effect of chia seed administration upon WAT remodeling and key enzymes that controls lipolysis, insulin signaling (tAKT, pAKT), and GLUT-4 levels in different visceral fat pad depots (epididymal –eWAT- and retroperitoneal –rWAT- adipose tissues) of SRD-fed rats. Results showed that chia seed reduces adipocytes hypertrophy, the increased lipid content and collagen deposition in both WAT. These changes were accompanied by a significant reduction of HSL and ATGL protein levels in eWAT and HSL protein levels in rWAT. Moreover, chia seed restored the altered expression pattern of the pAKT observed in SRD-fed rats, and modulated GLUT-4 levels. Chia seed could be a dietary intervention of great relevance with potential beneficial effects in the management of body fat excess and WAT function.

Regulación punitiva en la provincia franciscana de Toscana en 1316; Punitive regulation in the franciscan province of Tuscany in 1316 Castillo, Maria Paula El artículo tiene por objetivo analizar los aspectos punitivos y disciplinares de las constituciones de la provincia Toscana producidas entre 1292 y 1316 en la Orden de los Frailes Menores, así como determinar si los conflictos que atravesaba la orden en aquellos tiempos impactaron o no en las nuevas legislaciones. Por otro lado, estudiaremos el aspecto regulatorio integral: cuándo existe una falta pasible de ser punida, qué castigo se impone y cuál es el engranaje punitivo que se pone en funcionamiento desde las autoridades locales. Se buscará también poner en diálogo las legislaciones locales y las generales de la congregación.; The article aims to analyze the punitive and disciplinary aspects of the constitutions of the Tuscan province produced between 1292 and 1316 of the Order of Friars Minor. As well as determining if the conflicts that the order was going through in those times had an impact or not on the new legislation. On the other hand, we will study the integral regulatory aspect: when there is an offense that can be punished, what punishment is imposed and what is the punitive mechanism that is put into operation by the local authorities. It will also seek to put into dialogue the local and general legislation of the congregation.

El cuidado prenatal y los determinantes sociales: estudio ecológico en Argentina; Prenatal care and social determinants: ecological study in Argentina Tumas, Natalia; Godoy, Ana Carolina; Peresini, Virginia; Peisino, María Eugenia; Boldrini, Gisela; Vaggione, Gaetano; Acevedo, Gabriel Esteban Introducción: el cuidado prenatal es un aspecto clave de salud pública, con gran impacto en la salud materna y perinatal, así como en otras etapas del ciclo vital. Sus características pueden ser variables entre y al interior de los países, y vincularse a ciertos determinantes sociales. El objetivo de este estudio fue identificar escenarios sociosanitarios del cuidado prenatal y analizar asociaciones entre determinantes sociales e indicadores sintéticos seleccionados del cuidado prenatal en Argentina (2010-2018). Metodología: se desarrolló un estudio ecológico de grupos múltiples (n = 24 jurisdicciones). Los datos se obtuvieron a partir de fuentes secundarias: última información disponible del Sistema Informático Perinatal (2018) y censo nacional (2010). Se realizó un análisis de conglomerados de tipo jerárquico y aglomerativo (método de Ward). Se ilustró la distribución espacial de los escenarios identificados y se valoraron las diferencias entre ellos mediante la prueba ANOVA. Para estimar asociaciones entre indicadores sociales e indicadores del cuidado prenatal se propusieron modelos de regresión lineal. Resultados: se identificaron cinco escenarios sociosanitarios del cuidado prenatal, que revelan heterogeneidades en la distribución de indicadores de cuidado prenatal y sociales a nivel provincial. Además, el porcentaje de hogares en situación de pobreza presentó una asociación directa, en tanto el índice de desarrollo humano y la esperanza de vida al nacer una inversa con el control prenatal insuficiente. Conclusiones: existen diferentes escenarios sociosanitarios del cuidado prenatal en Argentina y ciertas características sociales de los contextos en que residen las personas podrían subyacer a su configuración.; Introduction: the prenatal care is a key aspect in public health, with great impact in maternal and perinatal health, as well as in other stages of the life cycle. The features of the prenatal care could be variable between and within countries, and be related to social determinants. The aim of this study was to identify sociosanitary scenarios of prenatal care, and to analyze associations between social determinants and selected synthetic indicators of prenatal care in Argentina (2010-2018). Methodology: A multi-group ecological study (n=24 jurisdictions) was developed. The data were obtained from secondary sources: the latest available data of the Perinatal Informatics’ System (2018) and national census (2010). A hierarchical and agglomerative cluster analysis was carried out (Ward's method). The spatial distribution of the scenarios was illustrated by a map. ANOVA test was applied to assess the differences between the identified scenarios. To estimate associations between social indicators and indicators of prenatal care, linear regression models were applied. Results: five socio-sanitary scenarios of prenatal care were identified, which reveal heterogeneities in the distribution of prenatal and social care indicators. In addition, the percentage of households living in poverty presented a direct association, and the human development index and life expectancy at birth an inverse association with insufficient prenatal care. Conclusions: different sociosanitary scenarios exist in Argentina, and some social characteristics of the contexts in which people live might underlie its configuration.

Repositioning Therapeutics for SARS-CoV-2: Virtual Screening of Plant-based Anti-HIV Compounds as Possible Inhibitors against COVID-19 Viral RdRp Murali, Mahadevamurthy; Gowtham, Hittanahallikoppal Gajendramurthy; Ansari, Mohammad Azam; Alomary, Mohammad N.; Alghamdi, Saad; Almehmadi, Mazen; Singh, Sudarshana Brijesh; Shilpa, Natarajamurthy; Aiyaz, Mohammed; Kalegowda, Nataraj; Ledesma, Ana Estela; Amruthesh, Kestur Nagaraj Background: Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) has caused a global pandemic with a high mortality and morbidity rate worldwide. The COVID-19 vaccines that are currently in development or already approved are expected to provide at least some protection against the emerging variants of the virus, but the mutations may reduce the efficacy of the existing vaccines. Purified phytochemicals from medicinal plants provide a helpful framework for discovering new therapeutic leads as they have long been employed in traditional medicine to treat many disorders. Objective: The objectives of the study are to exploit the anti-HIV bioactive compounds against SARS-CoV-2 RNA-dependent RNA polymerase (RdRp) through molecular docking studies and to evaluate the Absorption, Distribution, Metabolism, Excretion, and Toxicity (ADMET) properties of potential compounds. Methods: Molecular docking was performed to study the interaction of ligands with the target sites of RdRp protein (PDB: 6M71) using AutoDock Vina. The ADMET properties of potential compounds were predicted using the pkCSM platform. Results: A total of 151 phytochemicals derived from the medicinal plants with recognized antiviral activity and 18 anti-HIV drugs were virtually screened against COVID-19 viral RdRp to identify putative inhibitors that facilitate the development of potential anti-COVID-19 drug candidates. The computational studies identified 34 compounds and three drugs inhibiting viral RdRp with binding energies ranging from -10.2 to -8.5 kcal/mol. Among them, five compounds, namely Michellamine B, Quercetin 3-O-(2'',6''-digalloyl)-beta-Dgalactopyranoside, Corilagin, Hypericin, and 1,2,3,4,6-Penta-O-galloyl-beta-D-glucose residues, bound efficiently with the binding site of RdRp. Besides, Lopinavir, Maraviroc, and Remdesivir drugs also inhibited SARS-CoV-2 polymerase. In addition, the ADMET properties of top potential compounds were also predicted in comparison to the drugs. Conclusion: The present study suggested that these potential drug candidates can be further subjected to in vitro and in vivo studies that may help develop effective anti-COVID-19 drugs.

Changing conditions for local food actors to operate towards agroecology during the COVID-19 pandemic Frank, Markus; Kaufmann, Brigitte; Ejarque, Mercedes; Lamaisón, María Guadalupe; Nessi, María Virginia; Amoroso, Mariano Martin Given the novel character of disturbances caused by the pandemic in food systems, initial studies have been conducted to stress the reinforced urgent need for food systems’ transformation toward sustainability. First assessments, conducted in the early months of the pandemic, found that local food actors responded to changing production and marketing conditions by implementing alternative practices under the umbrella of agroecology. However, given the unprecedented and dynamic character of the pandemic in regional situations, and related context-specific changes caused in food system actors’ operations, case studies are needed to assess in more detail underwhich changing conditions food actors implemented alternative practices. Moreover, the maintenance of practices as conditions normalize, and food actors’ transformative potential in relation to the principles of agroecology, need further assessment. In response to these emerging issues, we provide insights into our case study research conducted during 2021 in a local food system in Argentina. The aim of this research was to study how changing conditions triggered local food actors to (re-)frame their objectives and activities regarding marketing, and to assess the relevance of agroecological principles as a means of responding to changing conditions and to unfold longer-term transitions. We identified local producer shops (n = 5) and markets (n = 4) that were established or consolidated by self-organized producer groups (SOPGs) during the first months of the pandemic. Using semi-structured interviews with SOPG members (n = 12) and qualitative content analysis, we found that alternative practices were adopted in response to different changing conditions, and new needs and opportunities for producers and consumers brought about by the pandemic. Objectives pursued, and activities undertaken by the groups revealed reactive short-term mitigation strategies, and proactive longer-term transformative objectives. The relational analysis between practices and agroecological principles showed that the principles became important means of responding to changing conditions and to unfold longer-term transitions. The cases illustrate how local food actors operationalized agroecological principles, and in turn how principles can be used to investigate the nature and potentials of food actors’ alternative practices, highlighting the relevance of agroecology to co-design sustainabilitytransitions in local food systems and to mitigate possible future crisis.