Sobre la presencia de Coridromius chenopoderis Tatarnic & Cassis, 2008 (HEMIPTERA: HETEROPTERA: MIRIDAE) en la Argentina; On the presence of Coridromius chenopoderis Tatarnic y Cassis, 2008 (HEMIPTERA: HETEROPTERA: MIRIDAE) in Argentina Carpintero, Diego Leonardo; Holgado, Miriam M.; de Magistris, Alberto Antonio Se cita por primera vez para la Argentina a la especie Coridromius chenopoderis (Tatarnic y Cassis) (Heteroptera: Miridae: Orthotylinae: Coridromiini). Se muestran imágenes de ejemplares colectados y se dan sus caracteres diagnósticos. Se comenta brevemente la importancia de la aparición de esta especie en el país.; The species Coridromius chenopoderis (Tatarnic and Cassis) (Heteroptera: Miridae: Orthotylinae: Coridromiini) is recorded for the first time for Argentina. Images of collected specimens are shown and their diagnostic characters are given. The importance of the appearance of this species in the country is briefly commented.

Metaecología: Integrar para trascender; Metaecology: Integrating for Transcendence Herrera, Lorena Paola A lo largo de la historia de la humanidad, el ser humano ha experimentado una profunda desconexión con la naturaleza de la cual forma parte. Como consecuencia, los problemas ambientales y la pérdida de biodiversidad a nivel global han ido en aumento. Aquí proponemos el término metaecologia como una forma de comprender los procesos que involucran a la relación de los seres vivos entre si y con su entorno desde un lugar más integral, global y espiritual. Este nuevo concepto promueve que es posible “deconstruir” muchas de nuestras bases, buscar el denominador común que relaciona la ecología con “la” vida y “nuestra” vida para transcender nuestros planteamientos y actitudes en el cotidiano hacia el bien común.; Over the course of history, human beings have experienced a profound disconnection from the nature of which they form part. As a consequence, environmental problems and the global loss of biodiversity have increased. Here we suggest the term “metaecology” as a way of understanding processes that involve the relationships between living things and with their environment through a more comprehensive, global and spiritual approach. This new concept argues that it is possible to “deconstruct” many of our foundations, find the common denominator that unites ecology with “life” —“our life—to transcend our everyday approaches and attitudes toward the common good.

Obtaining xylitol by hydrolysis-hydrogenation of liquors derived from sugarcane bagasse Cerioni, Julieta Lucia; Vallejos, María Evangelina; Felissia, Fernando Esteban; Area, Maria Cristina; Nichio, Nora Nancy; Santori, Gerardo Fabian This work presents the study of heterogeneous catalysis of sugarcane bagasse hydrothermal treatment spent liquors using a sulfonated resin. Besides, results were compared with those obtained by a conventional route using sulfuric acid as a homogeneous catalyst. Heterogeneous catalysis is suitable for the hydrolysis of sugarcane bagasse hydrothermal liquors under mild conditions (100 °C and 6 h). The obtained maximum xylose yield was 82% due to furfural formation, which causes a xylose selectivity drop. The hydrogenation of this xylose-rich liquor at 100 °C and 3 MPa of hydrogen pressure employing a supported Ni/γ-Al2O3 produced the total conversion of xylose with a selectivity towards xylitol of 100% by using a catalyst to xylose mass ratio of 0.5. Heterogeneous catalysis in a two-step route (hydrolysis and hydrogenation) constitutes an outstanding alternative to producing xylitol from sugarcane bagasse hydrothermal spent liquors since materials can be easily separated and reused in several reaction cycles.

Cambrian trilobites from the Glossopleura walcotti Zone (Miaolingian Series, Wuliuan Stage) of Mendoza, western Argentina Tortello, Marcelo Franco he Museo de La Plata houses numerous Miaolingian and Furongian fossils from the southern Precordillera of Mendoza, western Argentina, collected by Ángel V. Borrello during the 1960s. Early Miaolingian (Wuliuan) trilobites from these collections are described herein. The specimens studied come from allochthonous limestone blocks (San Isidro Olistoliths) of key fossiliferous localities of the San Isidro area (Cerro Martillo, Quebrada Oblicua, Quebrada Empozada, Quebrada San Isidro). Taxa comprise Athabaskia anax (Walcott), Glossopleura leona Lochman, Kootenia aff. K. incerta (Rusconi), Kootenia crassa Fritz, Oryctocephalites reynoldsi (Reed), Zacanthoides sp., Spencia? sp., Amecephalus normale? (Resser), Amecephalus laticaudum? (Resser), and Amecephalus sp. This assemblage is representative of the North American Glossopleura walcotti Zone, and closely allied to faunas from the Great Basin (Spence Shale), Sonora, and to a lesser extent from northwestern Idaho.

¿Renace un ícono en Mar del Plata? Procesos de renovación urbana: Caso Hotel Royal; Is an icon reborn in mar del plata? urban renewal processes: Case Royal Hotel Bertolotti, Florencia Lucia El presente artículo exhibe los resultados principales de una investigación realizada en el marco de una tesina de grado, centrada en el estudio de caso de renovación urbana de la manzana del ex Hotel Royal, ahora complejo residencial-comercial Royal Park, en Mar del Plata, Argentina (período 2016-2020). A través de un estudio de índole cualitativo, y desde categorías analíticas de la sociología urbana, el trabajo muestra cómo se materializan las lógicas del capital en un área fundacional, central y estratégica de la ciudad. La particularidad que subyace en esta transformación es la condición de abandono que perduró durante más de tres décadas ininterrumpidas a pesar de la impronta histórica y emblemática iniciales del hotel, evidenciando, por un lado, cómo para que exista un proceso de renovación urbana de gran escala, es necesario que se inter-relacionen los intereses privados a lógicas mercantiles, pero también a la esfera pública. Por otro, el modo en que las estrategias de los sectores dominantes se expresan en la configuración urbana, generando impactos sobre el uso del suelo y la vivienda.; This article exhibits the main results of a research carried out within the framework of a degree thesis, focused on the case study of urban renewal of the block of the former Royal Hotel, now a Royal Park residential-commercial complex, in Mar del Plata, Argentina (period 2016-2020). Through a qualitative study, and from analytical categories of urban sociology, the work shows how the logics of capital materialize in a foundational, central and strategic area of the city. The particularity that underlies this transformation is the condition of abandonment that lasted for more than three uninterrupted decades despite the initial historical and emblematic imprint of the hotel, evidencing, on the one hand, how for there to be a process of largescale urban renewal, it is necessary that private interests are inter-related to commercial logics, but also to the public sphere. On the other hand, the way in which the strategies of the dominant sectors are expressed in the urban configuration, generating impacts on land use and housing.

Depletion of Mannose Receptor–Positive Tumor-associated Macrophages via a Peptide-targeted Star-shaped Polyglutamate Inhibits Breast Cancer Progression in Mice Lepland, Anni; Malfanti, Alessio; Haljasorg, Uku; Asciutto, Eliana Karina; Pickholz, Mónica Andrea; Bringas, Mauro; Đorđević, Snežana; Salumäe, Liis; Peterson, Pärt; Teesalu, Tambet; Vicent, María J.; Scodeller, Pablo Although many studies have explored the depletion of tumor-associated macrophages (TAM) as a therapeutic strategy for solid tumors, currently available compounds suffer from poor efficacy and dose-limiting side effects. Here, we developed a novel TAM-depleting agent (“OximUNO”) that specifically targets CD206+ TAMs and demonstrated efficacy in a triple-negative breast cancer (TNBC) mouse model. OximUNO comprises a star-shaped polyglutamate (St-PGA) decorated with the CD206-targeting peptide mUNO that carries the chemotherapeutic drug doxorubicin (DOX). In the TNBC model, a fluorescently labeled mUNO-decorated St-PGA homed to CD206+ TAMs within primary lesions and metastases. OximUNO exhibited no acute liver or kidney toxicity in vivo. Treatment with OximUNO reduced the progression of primary tumor lesions and pulmonary metastases, significantly diminished the number of CD206+ TAMs and increased the CD8/FOXP3 expression ratio (indicating immunomodulation). Our findings suggest the potential benefit of OximUNO as a TAM-depleting agent for TNBC treatment. Importantly, our studies also represent a novel design of a peptide-targeted St-PGA as a targeted therapeutic nanoconjugate.

Nucleoredoxin Plays a Key Role in the Maintenance of Retinal Pigmented Epithelium Differentiation Holubiec, Mariana Ines; Romero, Juan Ignacio; Urbainsky, Claudia; Gellert, Manuela; Galeano, Pablo; Capani, Francisco; Lillig, Christopher Horst; Hanschmann, Eva Maria Nucleoredoxin (Nrx) belongs to the Thioredoxin protein family and functions in redox-mediated signal transduction. It contains the dithiol active site motif Cys-Pro-Pro-Cys and interacts and regulates different proteins in distinct cellular pathways. Nrx was shown to be catalytically active in the insulin assay and recent findings indicate that Nrx functions, in fact, as oxidase. Here, we have analyzed Nrx in the mammalian retina exposed to (perinatal) hypoxia-ischemia/reoxygenation, combining ex vivo and in vitro models. Our data show that Nrx regulates cell differentiation, which is important to (i) increase the number of glial cells and (ii) replenish neurons that are lost following the hypoxic insult. Nrx is essential to maintain cell morphology. These regulatory changes are related to VEGF but do not seem to be linked to the Wnt/β-catenin pathway, which is not affected by Nrx knock-down. In conclusion, our results strongly suggest that hypoxia-ischemia could lead to alterations in the organization of the retina, related to changes in RPE cell differentiation. Nrx may play an essential role in the maintenance of the RPE cell differentiation state via the regulation of VEGF release.

Aves de Montiel Reales, César Fabricio; Jordan, Emilio Ariel; Lapido, Rocío; Mancini, Jeremías Aunque estrictamente no sea una selva, los viajeros naturalistas del siglo XIX así la bautizaron cuando conocieron su enorme extensión y espesura. En el centro-norte de la provincia de Entre Ríos, la Selva de Montiel ocupaba aproximadamente un tercio del territorio entrerriano y encerraba pequeños poblados, generando una rica historia ambiental y cultural. Sin embargo, el avance de la frontera agropecuaria produjo una drástica reducción, quedando relictos aislados del centro-norte y centro-oeste de Entre Ríos con distintos niveles de degradación.

Atravesar el "valle" entre el laboratorio y la sociedad: Experiencias de transferencia científico-tecnológica en Argentina durante la pandemia por COVID-19 Córdoba, María Soledad; Ferroni, Luana Noelia; Hurtado de Mendoza, María Sol; Azcurra, Karen Ailin; Smal, Clara; Munaretto, Héctor Pedro; Bilañski, Gisele Andrea; Diez, Michay; Smulski, Mariana Celeste A partir de los relatos de experiencia de los equipos de investigación que tuvieron un rol en el desarrollo de productos científico-tecnológicos para enfrentar la pandemia por el virus SARS-CoV-2, nos proponemos reflexionar sobre las dinámicas de la ciencia que se pusieron en evidencia en un contexto de emergencia del todo excepcional. Observando los modos de adaptación y respuesta a esa crisis en seis equipos de investigación, este trabajo focaliza en las expectativas, los alcances y las limitaciones de la transferencia de conocimiento y tecnología a la sociedad. Asimismo, se complejiza la noción misma de transferencia, en el marco de una política científica que impulsó la producción científico-tecnológica nacional para hacer frente a un problema de salud pública de gran impacto.; Based on the experience reports of principal investigators and graduate students who played a role in developing scientific and technological products to address the SARS-CoV-2 virus pandemic, we aim to reflect on the dynamics of science that were brought to light in an entirely exceptional emergency context. By observing the modes of adaptation and response to the crisis of six research teams, this work focuses on the expectations, scopes, and limitations of knowledge and technology transfer to society. The complexity of the notion of “transference” is analyzed within the framework of a scientific policy that promotes national scientific-technological production to deal with a public health problem of enormous impact.

In Silico Antiprotozoal Evaluation of 1,4-Naphthoquinone Derivatives against Chagas and Leishmaniasis Diseases Using QSAR, Molecular Docking, and ADME Approaches Prieto Cárdenas, Lina S.; Arias Soler, Karen A.; Nossa González, Diana Lisseth; Rozo Núñez, Wilson E.; Cárdenas-Chaparro, Agobardo; Duchowicz, Pablo Román; Gómez Castaño, Jovanny Arles Chagas and leishmaniasis are two neglected diseases considered as public health problems worldwide, for which there is no effective, low-cost, and low-toxicity treatment for the host. Naphthoquinones are ligands with redox properties involved in oxidative biological processes with a wide variety of activities, including antiparasitic. In this work, in silico methods of quantitative structure–activity relationship (QSAR), molecular docking, and calculation of ADME (absorption, distribution, metabolism, and excretion) properties were used to evaluate naphthoquinone derivatives with unknown antiprotozoal activity. QSAR models were developed for predicting antiparasitic activity against Trypanosoma cruzi, Leishmania amazonensis, and Leishmania infatum, as well as the QSAR model for toxicity activity. Most of the evaluated ligands presented high antiparasitic activity. According to the docking results, the family of triazole derivatives presented the best affinity with the different macromolecular targets. The ADME results showed that most of the evaluated compounds present adequate conditions to be administered orally. Naphthoquinone derivatives show good biological activity results, depending on the substituents attached to the quinone ring, and perhaps the potential to be converted into drugs or starting molecules.

El Estado argentino frente al proceso erosivo en la región central del país: Agencias, políticas y circulación de saberes (1937-1965); Argentinian State and the Erosion in the Country's Central Region—Agencies, Policies and Knowledge Sharing (1937-1965) Martocci, Federico Carmelo Pese a que la historiografía argentina se ocupó en las últimas décadas de revisar con renovada atención las agencias, burocracias y saberes de Estado, aún se observan vacíos significativos en ciertas áreas, como la que se vincula con la generación de conocimientos especializados y el despliegue de políticas públicas para el sector agrario. Para aportar a dicha línea de análisis, aquí proponemos focalizar en un tópico clave respecto del accionar estatal, durante el período estudiado, en una región que comprendía el oeste de la provincia de Buenos Aires, el sur de Córdoba, el este de La Pampa y una parte de San Luis. Dicho tópico era el proceso erosivo, que acarreó como consecuencia la pérdida de la fertilidad del suelo en espacios donde la producción primaria era una actividad económica importante. El artículo se concentra en la etapa que se inicia a fines de los años treinta, un momento signado por la extrema sequía, la creación de dependencias estatales y el comienzo de estudios sobre esa problemática, y culmina al promediar la década del sesenta, cuando el tema continuaba muy vigente en la agenda oficial e incluso había adquirido mayor trascendencia internacional.; While during the past few decades Argentinian historiography has renewed its attention on the State agencies, bureaucracy and knowledge, there are still significant gaps in certain areas, such as the generation of specialized knowledge and the deployment of policies for the agrarian sector. In contribution to this line of analysis, we propose to focus on a key topic related to the Sate action during the studied period in an area covering Western Buenos Aires province, Southern Cordoba, Eastern La Pampa, and a part of San Luis. Such topic was the erosion resulting in the soil fertility loss in locations where the primary production is an important economic activity. This work focuses on the phase starting by late 1930s, a period marked by extreme drought, the creation of State agencies and the start of research on this issue, and ending by mid 1960s, when the issue was still on the official agenda and had even gained international relevance.

De la "cultura nula o insuficiente" a la "cultura general". Las transformaciones académicas e institucionales en la Universidad Obrera Nacional durante el posperonismo (1955-1959); Da “cultura nula ou insuficiente” à “cultura general”. As transformações acadêmicas e institucionais na Universidad Obrera Nacional durante o pós-peronismo (1955-1959); From “totally or very uncultured” to “very knowledgeable”. Academic and institutional transformations at the Universidad Obrera Nacional during the post-Peronist period (1955-1959) Koc Muñoz, Alvaro Sebastian El trabajo que se presenta a continuación tiene por objetivo presentar las transformaciones académicas acontecidas en la Universidad Obrera Nacional (UON) durante el periodo inmediatamente posterior al derrocamiento del peronismo en manos de la autodenominada "Revolución Libertadora" en 1955. En este sentido, buscaremos establecer cuáles fueron las premisas que orientaron dichas transformaciones en el marco de la -denominada por los actores- "lucha por la autonomía y jerarquización" de la casa de estudios en el contexto político posperonista y cuál fue el origen de las mismas. En base a la naturaleza temática propuesta en el presente estudio, esta tarea será realizada sobre el análisis documental o "documentación" de diversas fuentes escritas tales como la prensa escrita, documentación parlamentaria y documentación institucional, tanto edita como inédita.; O trabalho que se apresenta a continuação tem por objetivo apresentar as transformações acadêmicas acontecidas na Universidad Obrera Nacional durante o período imediatamente posterior à destituição do peronismo em mãos da autodenominada “Revolução Libertadora” em 1955. Neste sentido, buscaremos estabelecer quais foram as premissas que orientaram ditas transformações no marco da —denominada pelos atores— “luta pela autonomia e hierarquização” da casa de estudos no contexto político pós-peronista e qual foi a origem delas. Baseada na natureza temática proposta no presente estudo, esta tarefa será realizada sobre a análise documental ou “documentação” de diversas fontes escritas tais como a imprensa, documentação parlamentaria e documentação institucional, tanto editada como inédita.; The following paper aims to present the academic transformations that took place at the Universidad Obrera Nacional during the period that followed the overthrow of Peronism by the self-styled “Revolución Libertadora” in 1955. To do so, the authors seek to establish what were the premises that guided these transformations in the framework of the -so-called by the actors- “struggle for autonomy and hierarchization” of the university in the post-Peronist political context and what was the origin of these transformations. Based on the thematic approach proposed in this study, this task will be carried out by means of the documentary analysis or “documentation” of various written sources such as the press, parliamentary documentation and institutional documentation, both edited and unpublished.

Políticas educativas y restauraciones conservadoras: la "Secundaria del Futuro" y el presente de lo común en la Ciudad de Buenos Aires; Educational policies and conservative restorations: the "Secondary of the Future" and the present of the common in the City of Buenos Aires Vassiliades, Alejandro Este artículo presenta un análisis del programa "Secundaria del Futuro", implementado desde 2017 en la Ciudad de Buenos Aires, Argentina. El objetivo es abordarlo en tanto reforma de la Ley de Educación Nacional e indagar los modos en que se construyen sentidos acerca de lo común en los planteos de la política educativa, focalizando en las posiciones docentes y de alumno/a que se configuran. La investigación en que se enmarca es de corte cualitativo interpretativo y pone el foco en comprender e interpretar las producciones de sentido y desplazamientos que surcan estos aspectos. Se aspira a producir conocimiento acerca de la implementación de las políticas docentes contemporáneas en Argentina, situando la mirada en el ámbito de la Ciudad de Buenos Aires.; This article presents an analysis of the "Secondary of the Future" program, implemented since 2017 in the City of Buenos Aires, Argentina. The objective is to address it as a reform of the National Education Law and investigate the ways in which meanings are built about the common in the proposals of educational policy, focusing on the positions of teachers and students that are configured. The research in which it is framed is qualitative-interpretative and focuses on understanding and interpreting meaning and displacements that cross these aspects. It aspires to produce knowledge about the implementation of contemporary educational policies in Argentina, placing the look in the area of the City of Buenos Aires.

Entre lo bestial y lo sagrado: discursos esencialistas y reacción neoconservadora en América Latina; Between the bestial and the sacred: essentialist discourses and neoconservative reaction in Latin America Caneva, Hernán Andrés; Parra, Valeria Fabiana El presente artículo es producto de una investigación en curso cuyo objetivo consistió en examinar las tensiones presentes en ciertos discursos provenientes de sectores neoconservadores liberales y religiosos en nuestra región latinoamericana. El propósito de dicha investigación fue mostrar, por una parte, los supuestos esencialistas de estos discursos (supuestos que sin embargo, pueden analizarse también al interior del propio feminismo); y por otra, mostrar los efectos negativos que estas construcciones discursivas implican. Subsidiariamente, se presentan alternativas para desarticularlos. Para llevar a cabo los objetivos se aplicó el método cualitativo de análisis crítico- conceptual con la técnica de revisión documental y análisis del discurso de experiencias históricas en las que tienen un estatuto central las representaciones basadas en una supuesta esencia para legitimar prácticas de violencia y de exclusión. Lo cual permitió mostrar las continuidades con los fenómenos ideológicos discursivos desatados por la avanzada neoconservadora actual en Latinoamérica, específicamente en Argentina. Finalmente, el trabajo argumenta la necesidad de ejercer la vigilancia epistémica necesaria para que los discursos en cuestión dejen de permear todas las capas de la sociedad.; This article is the product of an outgoing research whose objective was to examine the present tensions in certain discoursed coming from liberal and religious neoconservative sectors in Latin American region. The purpose of this research was to show, on one side, the essentialist assumptions of the discoursed (assumptions that, however, can also be analyzed within feminism itself); and on the other hand, show the negative effects that these discursive constructions imply. Subsidiarily, alternatives are presented to dismantle them. To carry out the objectives, the qualitative method of critical- conceptual analysis was applied with the technique of documentary review and analysis of the discourse of historical experiences in which representations based on a supposed essence have a central status to legitimize practices of violence and exclusion. This allowed to show the continuities with the discursive ideological phenomena unleashed by the current neoconservative advance in Latin America, specifically in Argentina. Finally, the paper argues the need to practice the necessary epistemic vigilance so that the discourses in question cease to permeate all layers of society.

Uso del espacio e interacción en Antofagasta de la Sierra y el Infiernillo-Quebrada de los Corrales: miradas actuales de un pasado vigente; Use of space and interaction in Antofagasta de la Sierra and Infiernillo-Quebrada de los Corrales: current views of a current past Coronel, Alexis Alberto Pretendemos indagar desde un punto de vista comparativo la situación histórica reciente y actual en cuanto a territorialidad y uso del espacio, movilidad e interacción, de dos ambientes diferenciados de Puna y Valle como lo son la Antofagasta de la Sierra (Catamarca) y El Infernillo-Quebrada de Los Corrales- (Amaicha del Valle, Tucumán). Intentaremos mostrar en base a prospecciones arqueológicas, entrevistas con pobladores actuales y trabajo documental, desde un punto de visto comparativo, las maneras de territorializar el espacio en cuanto a las distintas formas de dividirlo en segmentos de acuerdo a los grupos familiares o individuales, antes y durante la existencia del alambrado. Esto está asociado a diferentes lógicas que fueron mutando a lo largo del tiempo. Por otro lado, indagaremos retrospectivamente, desde una mirada presente en base al trabajo etnográfico, las formas de interacción, intercambio y movilidad de la poblacióndurante las últimas décadas. Concluimos en que ambas áreas están atravesadas por distintas trayectorias históricas las cuales impactaron directamente en su forma de vida actual, sin embargo, en ambos casos mantienen algunas semejanzas destacables.; We intend to investigate from a comparative point of view, the recent and current historical situation in terms of territoriality and use of space, mobility and interaction, of two different environments of Puna and Valle, such as Antofagasta de la Sierra (Catamarca) and El Infiernillo- Quebrada de Los Corrales- (Amaicha del Valle, Tucumán). We will try to show, based on archaeological surveys, interviews with current inhabitants, and documentary work, from a comparative point of view, the ways of territorializing the space in terms of the different ways of dividing it into segments according to the particular interests of each family group, or individual, before and during the existence of wiring. This is associated with different logics that have mutated over time. On the other hand, we will retrospectively investigate from a present perspective based on ethnographic work, the forms of interaction, exchange and mobility of the population during the last decades, what lasts and what does not, after a long tradition. We conclude that both areas are traversed by different historical trajectories which directly impacted on their current way of life. However, in both cases they maintain some similarities despite their own characteristics.

Behavioral plasticity in two endemic rodents from the Andes Mountains: strategies for thermal and energetic balance Ruperto, Emmanuel Fabián; Taraborelli, Paula Andrea; Menéndez Sammartino, Josefina; Sassi, Paola Lorena Environmental changes involve trade-offs to the thermal and energetic balances that animals face through a diversity of physiological and behavioral strategies. In Abrothrix andinus and Akodon spegazzinii, two small rodents inhabiting the Andes Mountains, some physiological traits relevant to their thermal and energetic balance (e.g., conductance, basal metabolic rate) show relatively low plasticity. Therefore, behavioral plasticity could be a crucial mechanism for their adaptation to the environmental variability of their habitats. Following the circadian thermo-energetic hypothesis, we explored the frequency and pattern of locomotor activity in response to different energetic demands caused by experimental variations in ambient temperature (5, 16, and 31 °C) and food availability (ad libitum and deprivation) in these species. Our data revealed that the behavioral strategy for coping with such challenges differs among species and populations, and suggest that, depending on the particular ecological context, it may facilitate or hinder thermal and energetic balance. Furthermore, we found that, consistently with a more limited altitudinal distribution, A. spegazzinii exhibits lower behavioral plasticity than A. andinus. In the context of global climate change, phenotypic plasticity is key to species resilience, and the assessment of behavioral traits provides fundamental inputs for modeling the potential impact of future scenarios on the persistence of small highland mammals.

Strongyloidiasis (Strongyloides papillosus) in lambs in Uruguay Romero, Agustín; García, Juan Agustín; Castells, Daniel; Gayo, Valeria; Dutra Quintela, Fernando Here, we describe a spontaneous outbreak of strongyloidiasis (Strongyloides papillosus) in sheep in Uruguay. In a flock of 150 lambs, 60 animals became ill and 12 died within 3 weeks. Affected animals showed weakness, weight loss, enophthalmos and, in some cases, sudden death. Postmortem examination revealed muscle atrophy, dehydration, and small intestines with a foamy and liquid content. Histological examination of the duodenum and the jejunum showed a thick mucosa with severe villous atrophy, mononuclear mixed infiltrate in the lamina propria, and a large number of nematodes embedded in the mucosa, with numerous granulomas in the lamina propia. Small intestinal content analysis showed a total of 13,200 female nematodes in the duodenum and 2000 in the jejunum, identified as Strongyloides papillosus (Strongyloididae). This parasite has long been considered to behave as a commensal parasite or at least to cause significant disease only when present in large numbers. This report shows that Strongyloides papillosus can be highly pathogenic in sheep.

Pigmentos sintetizados por hongos negros y su impacto en el deterioro del patrimonio documental en papel; Pigments synthesized by dark fungi and their impact on the deterioration of documentary heritage on paper Nitiu, Daniela Silvana; Mallo, Andrea Cecilia; Saparrat, Mario Carlos Nazareno Introducción y objetivos: Los documentos en papel custodiados en bibliotecas pueden mostrar signos de deterioro causados por la actividad de diferentes hongos. Los principales colorantes fúngico que deterioran estéticamente este sustrato y afectan al patrimonio cultural en soporte celulósico constituyen los pigmentos oscuros o melaninas. El objetivo del presente trabajo es brindar un panorama actualizado del estado de arte de los hongos negros que colonizan papel y las melaninas que sintetizan.M&M: Se realizó una búsqueda bibliográfica sobre los pigmentos oscuros que sintetizan diferentes hongos negros que deterioran papel. Se analizaron 74 trabajos especializados en el tema.Resultados: El conocimiento sobre la diversidad y las características de los pigmentos oscuros que son sintetizados por los hongos negros que deterioran papel es clave para desarrollar estrategias de prevención y remediación para eliminar estos pigmentos de soportes celulósicos con valor patrimonial. Este trabajo presenta información sobre: hongos negros que deterioran papel, tipos de melaninas que pueden sintetizar, estructuras donde se acumulan, y su contribución en el deterioro estético. Conclusiones: Este conocimiento sirve de base para desarrollar nuevas estrategias de restauración que pudieran ser efectivas y sustentables y que aseguren la conservación preventiva de documentos históricos y obras de arte en papel.; Background and aims: Paper documents stored in libraries may show signs of deterioration caused by the activity of different fungi. The main fungal dyes that aesthetically deteriorate this substrate and affect the cultural heritage on cellulosic support are dark pigments or melanins. The aim of this work is to provide an updated overview of the state of the art of black fungi that colonize paper and the melanins that they synthesize. M&M: A bibliographic search was carried out on the dark pigments that synthesize different black fungi that deteriorate paper. 74 specialized papers on the subject were analyzed. Results: Knowledge about the diversity and characteristics of the dark pigments that are synthesized by the black fungi that deteriorate paper is key to developing prevention and remediation strategies to eliminate these pigments from cellulosic supports with heritage value. This work presents information on: black fungi that deteriorate paper, types of melanins that can be synthesized, structures where they accumulate, and their contribution to aesthetic deterioration. Conclusions: This knowledge serves as the basis for developing new restoration strategies that could be effective and sustainable and that ensure the preventive conservation of historical documents and works of art on paper.

Development and Validation of an ELISA to Evaluate Neutralizing Equine Anti Shiga Toxin Antibodies in Preclinical Studies Santiago, Gonzalo; Hiriart, Yanina; Muñoz, Luciana; Rey, Florencia; Hein, Gustavo Juan; Sanguineti, Santiago; Zylberman, Vanesa; Ortega, Hugo Hector; Marelli, Belkis Ester Background: Hemolytic uremic syndrome associated to Shiga-toxin produced by Escherichia coli is a serious worldwide foodborne disease. Nowadays, no treatment is available, only supportive care can be provided, and 50 % of the patients require a period of dialysis. Recently, a therapy based on Neutralizing Equine Anti Shiga Toxin (NEAST) antibodies has been developed. NEAST is composed of F(ab?)2 fragments from equine immunoglobulins. Objective: The purpose of this study was to develop an ELISA to measure serum concentrations of NEAST in mice and rabbits and to validate it according to international recommendations. The validated method was further used to analyze the NEAST PK during preclinical studies.Methods: A sandwich ELISA was developed, the performance of the calibration curve was assessed and it was validated based on the parameters as accuracy, precision, specificity, selectivity, stability of the analyte and dilutional linearity.Results: This immunoassay was specific, sensitive, accurate and precise in a dynamic range from 7.81 to 500 ng/mL and from 15.63 to 500 ng/mL for mice and rabbits, respectively. This method was successfully applied to PK studies of NEAST after intravenous administration.conclusion: The results obtained are the expected for a robust ELISA used for macromolecule analysis. Since NEAST is an equine F(ab′)2, this inmunoassay would serve for the evaluation of the PK profile of any biological product based on molecules with similar characteristics. This immunoassay may be useful for current and in future preclinical trials conducted for registration purposes.

The role of crustal thickness on magma composition in arcs: An example from the pre-Andean, South American Cordillera Alasino, Pablo Horacio; Paterson, S. R.; Kirsch, M.; Larrovere, Mariano Alexis We explore the temporal evolution of pre-Andean Cordilleran arcs in central and northwestern Argentina and northern Chile (27°–34°S) with a focus on the geochemical characteristics of the episodic magmatism and the relationship with crustal thickness. A compilation of ca. 5000 U-Pb bedrock and detrital zircon ages, with ages from 600 to 130 Ma, reveals seven temporal magmatic accretions with main peaks at ∼526 Ma (Pampean); ∼471 Ma (Famatinian); ∼340 and ∼305 Ma (Early Gondwanan); ∼253 and ∼221 Ma (Gondwanan); and ∼160 Ma (Early Andean). We show that most of the magmatic episodes were developed in 30–50 km thick crust. Magmatism experienced fractional crystallization (r = 0) combined with variable degrees of assimilation (r > 0) that mostly did not exceed 30% crust. We conclude that increasing crustal thickness not only promotes more extensive differentiation by fractionation but also establishes conditions near host rock solidi at shallow crustal levels promoting further contamination in magmas.