Mapping and characterizing social-ecological land systems of South America Zarbá, Lucía; Piquer Rodríguez, María; Boillat, Sébastien; Levers, Christian; Gasparri, Nestor Ignacio; Aide, T. Mitchell; Álvarez Berríos, Nora L.; Anderson, Liana O.; Aráoz, Ezequiel; Arima, Eugenio; Batistella, Mateus; Calderón Loor, Marco; Echeverría, Cristian; González Roglich, Mariano; Jobbagy, Esteban G.; Mathez Stiefel, Sarah Lan; Ramirez Reyes, Carlos; Pacheco, Andrea; Vallejos, María; Young, Kenneth R.; Grau, Hector Ricardo Humans place strong pressure on land and have modified around 75% of Earth’s terrestrial surface. In this context, ecoregions and biomes, merely defined on the basis of their biophysical features, are incomplete characterizations of the territory. Land system science requires classification schemes that incorporate both social and biophysical dimensions. In this study, we generated spatially explicit social-ecological land system (SELS) typologies for South America with a hybrid methodology that combined data-driven spatial analysis with a knowledge-based evaluation by an interdisciplinary group of regional specialists. Our approach embraced a holistic consideration of the social-ecological land systems, gathering a dataset of 26 variables spanning across 7 dimensions: physical, biological, land cover, economic, demographic, political, and cultural. We identified 13 SELS nested in 5 larger social-ecological regions (SER). Each SELS was discussed and described by specific groups of specialists. Although 4 environmental and 1 socioeconomic variable explained most of the distribution of the coarse SER classification, a diversity of 15 other variables were shown to be essential for defining several SELS, highlighting specific features that differentiate them. The SELS spatial classification presented is a systematic and operative characterization of South American social-ecological land systems. We propose its use can contribute as a reference framework for a wide range of applications such as analyzing observations within larger contexts, designing system-specific solutions for sustainable development, and structuring hypothesis testing and comparisons across space. Similar efforts could be done elsewhere in the world.

Cannabinoids as Potential Molecules for Addiction Disorders Martín Giménez, Virna Margarita; Mazzei, Luciana Jorgelina; Sanz, Raúl; Manucha, Walter Ariel Fernando Background: Addictions are a group of chronic and recurrent diseases of the brain characterized by a pathological search for reward or relief through the use of a substance or other action. This situation implies an inability to control behavior, difficulty in permanent abstinence, a compelling desire to consume, decreased recognition of significant problems caused by behavior and interpersonal relationships, and a dysfunctional emotional response. The result is a decrease in the quality of life of the affected person, generating problems in their work, academic activities, social relationships, or family or partner relationships. Unfortunately, there are not enough pharmacotherapeutic solutions to treat addictions due to the complexity of their physiopathology and signaling pathways. Therefore, it is an imperative search for new pharmacological alternatives which may be used for this purpose. Purpose of Review: This review summarizes the main recent findings of the potential therapeutic effects of different cannabinoids on treating several addictions, including alcohol, opioids, methamphetamine, cocaine, and nicotine use disorders. Highlights Standpoints: It has been demonstrated that many phyto, synthetic, and endogenous cannabinoids may act as therapeutic molecules in this psychiatric pathology through their action on multiple cannabinoid receptors. To highlight, cannabinoid receptors, types 1 and 2 (CB1 and CB2) have a crucial role in modulating the anti-addictive properties of these compounds.

Historia ocupacional y organización especial humana en Patagonia: una discusión desde Cueva Yagui ( provincia del Neuquén, Argentina); Occupational history and human spatial organization in northwestern Patagonia: insights from Cueva Yagui (northern Neuquén province, Argentina) Romero Villanueva Badin, Guadalupe; Rughini, Agustina Ayelén; Paiva, Jimena María Celeste; Garvey, Raven; Brera, Agustina; Sánchez Campoó, Clara; Borrazzo, Karen Beatriz; Frigolé, Cecilia Andrea; Gasco, Alejandra Valeria; Llano, Carina Lourdes; Fernández, María Victoria; Magliolo, Ruth; Barberena, Ramiro Se presenta un nuevo corpus de información arqueológica y cronológica producto de laexcavación del sitio Cueva Yagui (norte del Neuquén Patagonia, Argentina), cuya secuencia ocupacional humana se inicia hace al menos 8500 años calendáricos. Un análisis crono- estratigráfico preliminar permitió distinguir dos pulsos diacrónicos en su historia ocupacional, vinculados al Holoceno medio y tardío, y asociados con diferentes tasas de descarte de materiales (líticos, cerámicos, faunísticos, botánicos) y de producción de arte rupestre. Los resultados sugieren que el sitio y su entorno fueron ocupados en forma comparativamente más intensa que otros sectores adyacentes con propiedades disímiles, desempeñando un rol clave para la articulación estratégica de diferentes ambientes y recursos característicos de los paisajes andino- patagónicos. Esta nueva información permite ampliar la profundidad temporal respecto del rol central que, durante el Holoceno, ocuparon los espacios altitudinales intermedios para la organización espacial humana en relación con la estructura biogeográfica del paisaje norneuquino.; A new corpus of archaeological and chronological information is presented as a result of the excavation of Cueva Yagui site (northern Neuquén, northwestern Patagonia, Argentina), with an occupational sequence beginning at least at 8,500 calendar years ago. A preliminary chrono-stratigraphic analysis allowed to distinguish two diachronic pulses in the occupational history, respectively linked to the middle and late Holocene, and associated with different material discard rates (lithic, ceramic, faunal, botanical) and rock art production. The results obtained suggest that the site and its surroundings were occupied more intensively than adjacent sectors with contrasting biogeographic properties, thus playing a key role in the strategic articulation of different environments and resources typical of Andean-Patagonian landscapes. This new information allows expanding the temporal depth regarding the central role that intermediate altitudinal spaces played for human spatial organization in relation to the biogeographic structure of the landscape of northern Neuquén during the Holocene.

¿El artivista como intelectual orgánico?: Aproximaciones a una relación compleja; O artivista como intelectual orgânico?: Aproximações a uma relação complexa; The artivist as an organic intellectual?: Approaches to a complex relationship Delupi, Baal Ulises A lo largo de la historia, tanto el rol del artista como el del intelectual han suscitado innumerables reflexiones de teóricos de distintos campos del conocimiento. Sin embargo, si bien estas dos figuras parecen tener, a simple vista, poco en común, la reconfiguración mundial del siglo XXI reavivó la propuesta que Antonio Gramsci (2012 [1948]) hiciera hace casi 100 años cuando amplió la noción de intelectual a todos aquellos que pudieran realizar tareas conectivo-organizativas dentro de la sociedad civil. Siguiendo esta línea, el objetivo de este trabajo es tensionar la figura del artivista con la de intelectual orgánico. Para dicho fin, la propuesta es, en una primera instancia, recuperar algunas nociones del intelectual, particularmente la concepción de Gramsci, así como también la del artivista que aparece en la esfera pública latinoamericana para denunciar las distintas desigualdades existentes. Luego, se explicitará la relación que traza Chantal Mouffe (2012) en su análisis del trabajo del chileno Alfredo Jaar y su propuesta de pensar al artista como intelectual orgánico. Los resultados de la investigación muestran que ambas figuras presentan puntos de contacto notables en la articulación social de lo común y la guerra de oposiciones en la disputa por la hegemonía.; Ao longo da história, tanto o papel do artista como o do intelectual suscitaram inúmeras reflexões de teóricos de diferentes campos do conhecimento. No entanto, embora estas duas figuras pareçam ter, à primeira vista, pouco em comum, a reconfiguração mundial do século XXI reavivou a proposta que Antonio Gramsci (2012 [1948]) há quase 100 anos quando ele ampliou a noção de intelectual a todos aqueles que poderiam realizar tarefas conectivo-organizacionais dentro da sociedade civil. Seguindo esta linha, o objetivo deste trabalho é forçar a figura do artivista com a de intelectual orgânico. Para esse fim, a proposta é, em primeira instância, recuperar algumas noções do intelectual, particularmente a concepção de Gramsci, bem como a do artivista que aparece na esfera pública latino-americana para denunciar as diferentes desigualdades existentes. Depois, será explicitada a relação que traça Chantal Mouffe (2012) em sua análise do trabalho do chileno Alfredo Jaar e sua proposta de pensar o artista como intelectual orgânico. Os resultados da pesquisa mostram que ambas as figuras apresentam pontos de contato notáveis na articulação social do comum e na guerra de oposições na disputa pela hegemonia.; Throughout history, both the role of the artist and that of the intellectual have given rise to countless reflections by theorists from different fields of knowledge. However, while these two figures seem to have, at first glance, little in common, the world reconfiguration of the 21st century revived the proposal that Antonio Gramsci (2012 [1948]) almost 100 years ago when it extended the notion of intellectual to all those who could perform connective-organizational tasks within civil society. Following this line, the aim of this work is to stress the figure of the artivist with that of organic intellectual. To this end, the proposal is, in the first instance, to recover some notions of the intellectual, particularly the conception of Gramsci, as well as that of the artivist that appears in the Latin American public sphere to denounce the different inequalities that exist. Then, the relationship that traces Chantal Mouffe (2012) will be explained in his analysis of the work of the Chilean Alfredo Jaar and his proposal to think of the artist as an organic intellectual. The results of the research show that both figures present remarkable points of contact in the social articulation of the common and the war of oppositions in the struggle for hegemony.

Tetramethylammonium cation: directionality and covalency in its interactions with halide ions Gil, Diego Mauricio; Echeverría, Jorge; Alvarez, Santiago The degree of interpenetration of the van der Waals crusts of two atoms, represented by a penetration index, is defined to better quantify the meaning of the nonbonding contact distances between two atoms, which should allow us to compare different atom pairs on the same footing. The structural trends of the intermolecular contacts between the tetramethylammonium cation (TMA) and halogen atoms are reviewed, and a computational study of model X···TMA ion pairs (X = F, Cl, Br, I, Au) is presented. The results disclose two energy minima, in each of which the anion simultaneously interacts with three hydrogen atoms. The bonding mechanisms in the two cases are discussed based on the results of the tools of the trade that provide a consistent picture in which a distribution of charges significantly varies not only around each different atom but is also strongly dependent on the distance to the central N atom. This behavior, together with some non-negligible covalent character of the interionic interaction, is not predicted from a single-molecular electrostatic potential map of the TMA cation.

En busca del “oro” y la “gloria”. Trayectorias de movilidad de migrantes chinos a cuarenta años de su llegada a la ciudad de Buenos Aires; In search of "gold" and "glory".Trajectories of Chinese migrants' mobility Chinese migrants forty years after they arrive in la city of Buenos Aires; 追寻“黄金”与“荣耀”：中国移民抵达布宜诺斯艾利斯后40年的活动轨迹 Denardi, Luciana Emilia En la actualidad, el Estado chino atribuye nuevos roles a sus diásporas. La literatura especializada se centra en el desarrollo y aplicación de las políticas extraterritoriales, o en su impacto en la vida cotidiana de los migrantes. Con el objetivo de enriquecer el análisis de las aún poco exploradas maneras en las que se vinculan ambos procesos, este artículo analiza las trayectorias de migrantes con varias décadas de residencia en la Ciudad de Buenos Aires. Interesa aquí examinar las estrategias que elaboran para ganar el reconocimiento por parte del Estado chino, asumiendo el rol de “diplomáticos públicos”. La metodología empleada es cualitativa, basada principalmente en el trabajo etnográfico en la Ciudad de Buenos Aires realizado en el transcurso de 2022. Asimismo, se incorporan al análisis diversas publicaciones recientes en medios digitales de la diáspora china. La conclusión indica que las estrategias desarrolladas por los migrantes chinos en la Ciudad de Buenos Aires están orientadas por la búsqueda de “oro y gloria”, esto es, se trata de lograr una base económica sólida y un reconocimiento por parte del Estado chino, este último aspecto demostrado especialmente en el seguimiento de y apoyo a sus discursos y políticas oficiales. Para ello, además, se valen de la fortaleza de las instituciones informales y de su hiperintegración a las configuraciones culturales chinas y argentinas, en un contexto signado por el protagonismo de China tanto a nivel global como local.; In recent years, the Chinese state has redefined the role its diasporas are expected to play. e specialized literature in this regard focuses either on the development and implementation by the Chinese government of extraterritorial policies or on the impact of those policies on migrants. However, the ways both processes are linked remain barely explored. is article analyzes the trajectories of migrants with several decades of residence in the City of Buenos Aires. It investigates the strategies they develop to obtain the recognition of the Chinese state, assuming the role of "public diplomats". e methodology used is qualitative, based mainly on ethnographic work in the City of Buenos Aires in 2022. Several recent publications in digital media by the Chinese diaspora are also incorporated into the analysis. e conclusion indicates that the strategies that Chinese migrants in the City of Buenos Aires elaborate are encouraged by the quest for "gold and glory". at is, achieve a sound financial basis as well as obtain the recognition by the Chinese government, the latter especially by following and supporting official discourses and policies. In order to do so, they also use the influence of informal institutions and their hyper-integration into both Chinese and Argentine cultural configurations, in a context marked by China's leading role both globally and locally.; 摘要如今，中国为海外华人赋予了一些新的角色。相关文献或聚焦域外政策的制定与实施，或关注其对移民日常生活的影响。为进一步探析这两类过程之间未被过多探索的联系，本文分析了在布宜诺斯艾利斯居住了数十年的移民的踪迹。研究他们通过扮演”公共外交官”的角色来获得中国政府承认的策略。本文主要基于2022年在布宜诺斯艾利斯市进行的民族志调查，并将近期一些数字媒体出版的华人相关文献纳入分析，以定性方法展开研究。结论表明，布宜诺斯艾利斯的中国移民所制定的策略以追寻“黄金和荣耀”为导向：在表明自己对官方话语和政策的拥护与支持的同时，获得坚实的经济基础和国家认可。此外，结合中国在全球以及在当地均扮演重要角色的背景，该群体还借助非正式机构的力量以及自身与中阿两国文化格局的高度融合性以达成其目标。

Activity cycles in RS CVn-type stars Martinez, Cristian Israel; Mauas, Pablo Jacobo David; Buccino, Andrea Paola We compile a list of 120 RS CVn-type stars from the bibliography in Southern hemisphere, to search for rotation periods and activity cycles, covering a large range of luminosities and effective temperatures for late stars. For each system of the list, we use photometric data from the All Sky Automated Survey (ASAS), and complement it with our own photometry, obtained with the Optical Robotic Observatory (ORO). We analyse these data with the Generalized Lomb-Scargle (GLS) periodogram to determine the rotation period and possible activity cycles for each system. We found rotation periods for 102 systems and activity cycles for 91 systems. From the statistical analysis of the results, we found that giant stars behave differently than subgiants and main-sequence stars, and that there is a good correlation between rotation periods and luminosities.

Effect of partial substitution of wheat flour by quinoa (Chenopodium quinoa Willd.) and tarwi (Lupinus mutabilis Sweet) flours on dough and bread quality Gutierrez Castillo, Carla; Alcázar Alay, Sylvia; Vidaurre Ruiz, Julio; Correa, María Jimena; Cabezas, Dario Marcelino; Repo Carrasco Valencia, Ritva; Encina Zelada, Christian R. Bread is the main important food product worldwide. In this study, eleven bread formulations were developed by partial substitution of wheat flour with quinoa and tarwi flours, to evaluate the effect on the rheological and pasting properties of mixtures, as well as on the physicochemical and textural properties of the final product. Partial substitution with quinoa flour generated similar thermomechanical and textural properties in the dough, and similar bread technological characteristics related to the control bread (100% wheat). In the case of tarwi, the increase in the concentration of this legume showed a negative effect on the bread quality parameters (specific volume, crumb porosity, textural properties, etc.). A negative technological impact of high percentages of wheat flour substitution by the mixture of both Andean flours was found, but it was contrasted with a positive effect on nutritional quality, particularly evidenced by a high content of proteins and dietary fiber. An optimal formulation considering technological and nutritional quality was obtained, presenting the maximum analyzed substitution level (13.35% quinoa flour and 6.65% tarwi flour). This study showed that these Andean grains are suitable for developing bread of good technological quality and improved nutritional profile, adding value to these underused ancestral flours.

La historiografía argentina reciente: Recorridos, logros y desafíos; Recent Argentine Historiography: Paths, Achievements and Challenges Lobato, Mirta Zaida; Solís Carnicer, María del Mar; Wasserman, Fabio Enrique El texto presenta los trabajos que integran el dossier sobre el estado de la historiografía argentina, los cuales fueron elaborados a partir de las exposiciones realizadas en abril y mayo de 2021 en las Jornadas que conmemoraron los diez años de la Asociación Argentina de Investigadores en Historia (AsAIH). Para ello, se traza un breve panorama de la historiografía argentina desde la recuperación de la democracia en 1983, teniendo en cuenta tanto el contexto académico e institucional como el político, social y económico; repasa los principales hitos en la trayectoria de la AsAIH; destaca algunas innovaciones historiográficas producidas en las últimas décadas; y por último presenta una breve síntesis de los textos que forman parte del dossier.; The text introduces the works that make up the dossier on the situation of Argentine historiography, which were prepared from the presentations made in April and May 2021 at the Conference that commemorated the tenth anniversary of the Argentine Association of Researchers in History (AsAIH). To this end, it outlines a brief panorama of Argentine historiography since the recovery of democracy in 1983, taking into account the academic and institutional context as well as the political, social and economic context; it reviews the main milestones in the trajectory of the AsAIH; it highlights some historiographical innovations produced in recent decades; and finally it presents a brief summary of the texts that are part of the dossier.

Valores en disputa, asimetrías de poder y pérdida de bienes comunes en humedales: el caso del Delta del Paraná Totino, Mariana; Quintana, Ruben Dario En las últimas tres décadas Argentina ha sufrido importantes transformaciones en su modelo productivo con la consiguiente alteración de sus ecosistemas naturales debido a cambios en el uso del suelo. La región del Delta del Paraná, un socioecosistema de humedales que conforma una unidad tanto hidrológica como ecológica, económica, cultural y poblacional, ha sido fuertemente afectada. A partir del arribo de actores externos a estos territorios, con concepciones muy diferentes respecto del ambiente y las actividades productivas, se han generado múltiples conflictos con los habitantes isleños y ribereños. Analizamos estos conflictos desde la perspectiva de los bienes comunes, la cual nos permite entender los valores en disputa y las asimetrías de poder en el uso y manejo de estos socioecosistemas complejos. Por otro lado, se discuten los aportes de una posible Ley de Humedales y la necesidad de incluir las perspectivas de todas las personas que habitan el Delta para contemplar las posturas y visiones presentes en el territorio.; Since the last three decades, the Argentinean productive model has been under a deep transformation with the consequent impacts on its natural ecosystems due to land use changes. In particular, the Delta of the Paraná River, a wetland socio-ecosystem which shapes an hydric, ecological, economic, cultural and population unit, has been strongly affected. In consequence, many socio-environmental conflicts have arisen because of the arrival of external stakeholders with different conceptions about the environmental features of wetlands and the ways of carrying out productive activities in them. In this paper we analyze these conflicts in the framework of commons, in order to understand values in dispute and power asymmetries related to use and management of complex socio-ecosystems. In addition, we discuss how a Wetland Law could help to solve these conflicts and the necessity to include the islanders´ perspectives for considering the territorial postures and visions.

PyFocus – A Python package for vectorial calculations of focused optical fields under realistic conditions. Application to toroidal foci Caprile, Fernando; Masullo, Luciano Andrés; Stefani, Fernando Daniel Focused optical fields are key to a multitude of applications involving light-matter interactions, such as optical microscopy, single-molecule spectroscopy, optical tweezers, lithography, or quantum coherent control. A detailed vectorial characterization of the focused optical fields that includes a description beyond the paraxial approximation is key to optimize technological performance as well as for the design of meaningful experiments and interpret properly their results. Here, we present PyFocus, an open-source Python software package to perform fully vectorial calculations of focused electromagnetic fields after modulation by an arbitrary phase mask and in the presence of a multilayer system. We provide a graphical user interface and high-level functions to easily integrate PyFocus into custom scripts. Furthermore, to demonstrate the potential of PyFocus, we apply it to extensively characterize the generation of toroidal foci with a high numerical aperture objective, as it is commonly done in super-resolution fluorescence microscopy methods such as STED or MINFLUX. We provide examples of the effects of different experimental factors such as polarization, aberrations, and misalignments of key optical elements. Finally, we present calculations of toroidal foci through an interface of different mediums, and, to our knowledge, the first calculations of toroidal foci generated in total internal reflection conditions. Program summary: Program Title: PyFocus CPC Library link to program files: https://doi.org/10.17632/sybnhnxbrt.1 Developer's repository link: https://github.com/stefani-lab/, https://pypi.org/project/PyCustomFocus/, https://pyfocus.readthedocs.io/ (user manual) Licensing provisions: MIT Programming language: Python 3.6 Nature of problem: Full vectorial calculation of focused of optical fields under realistic conditions, such as high numerical aperture, incident beams modulated in phase and/or intensity, and focusing through an interface or a multilayer system. Solution method: PyFocus incorporates all the equations necessary to calculate the focused optical field and provides suitable integration methods. Setting up of the parameters, running calculations, plotting and saving results can be done by means of a graphical user interface or high-level functions. Additional comments including restrictions and unusual features: In addition to the Python source code, an MS Windows executable is provided.

Cardiometabolic risk, biomarkers of low-grade subclinical inflammation and flavonoid intake: A cross-sectional study in Argentina Baraquet, María Lucía; del Rosso, Sebastián; Oberto, María Georgina; Defagó, María Daniela; Perovic, Nilda Raquel Background: Flavonoids, the most abundant polyphenols present in the diet, may help to reduce the risk of cardiometabolic disease. Hence, the aim of this study was to know the potential associations between flavonoid source food intake, markers of low-grade inflammation and cardiometabolic risk status. Methods: 194 adult subjects attending at the Cardiology Division, Hospital Nacional de Clínicas, Córdoba, Argentina participated in the study. A validated food-frequency questionnaire was applied to establish the flavonoid source food intake. Clinical-pathological and anthropometric variables [height, weight, and waist circumference, and serum concentrations of high-sensitive C-reactive protein (hs-CRP) and cytokines (INF-γ, TNFα, IL-6, IL-8, IL-10, IL-18, IL-23) were measured. A cardiometabolic risk clustering score was constructed and correlation's coefficients and multiple linear regression models were used to assess the relation between flavonoid source foods consumption of and markers of low-grade inflammation. Results: 40.4% of the subjects were obese and 60.3% showed a very high risk of developing cardiovascular diseases according to the WC classification. 43.3% had a high risk of cardiometabolic dysregulation and the hs-CRP levels indicated a high risk of developing cardiovascular disease in the future both in men and women. The predominant intake of flavonoids was from source food of flavanones, flavones and flavonols. Negative associations between isoflavone source food intake and TNFα, IL-6 and IL-8 concentrations (P ≤ 0.05) were observed. Conclusions: The results of the present study provide evidence of the inverse association between isoflavone source foods intake and inflammation. Further studies are needed to confirm retrieved association.

¿Turismo de la memoria?: Análisis del “Circuito de la Memoria” del EMATUR (2021) en La Plata (Buenos Aires, Argentina); Memory tourism?: Analysis of the EMATUR “Circuit of Memory” (2021) in La Plata (Buenos Aires, Argentina) Zubillaga, Paula; Codaro, Laura En este trabajo nos proponemos analizar la propuesta “Circuito de la Memoria”, organizada por el EMATUR de la ciudad La Plata, desde marzo de 2021. En este caso, se busca describir y reflexionar en torno a dos de las primeras experiencias que tuvieron lugar ese año: una realizada en bicicleta y otra en colectivo. Para eso, se observan distintos materiales (registros, folletería, audioguías) a la luz de un conjunto de textos sobre historia y memoria. Se trata de un trabajo exploratorio que posee dos apartados centrales que muestran que la propuesta no se inscribe en el turismo de la memoria ni hay actividades en pos de la transmisión de la memoria, sino que predomina el discurso expositivo.; In this article we try to reflect on the proposal “Circuit of Memory”, organized by the EMATUR of the city of La Plata, since March 2021. In this case, we want to describe and reflect on two of the first experiences that took place that year: one by bicycle and another by bus. For this, we take different materials (records, brochures, audio guides, etc.) and texts on history and memory. It is an exploratory article that has two central sections that show that the proposal is not part of memory tourism nor are there activities in pursuit of the transmission of memory, but that the expository discourse predominates.

Contrasting beach-ridge systems in different types of coastal settings Isla, Manuel Fermín; Moyano Paz, Damián; FitzGerald, Duncan M.; Simontacchi, Lautaro Ezequiel; Veiga, Gonzalo Diego Beach-ridge systems are geomorphological features common in every type of coast and have been widely interpreted as geo-archives of past sea-level, climatic, or tectonic changes. These relict morphological elements are well-known by their facies, architecture, stratigraphy, and evolution. However, the coastal context where beach ridges are formed has never been evaluated. Coastal beach-ridge systems were classified into four main types corresponding to deltaic strandplains, non-deltaic strandplains, spits, and barrier islands. Our study consisted of three scales of analysis: (1) the entire beach-ridge system; (2) beach-ridge sets; and (3) individual beach ridges. Several beach-ridge systems having formed in different types of coastal settings are compared by their present characteristics. Geomorphic data generated from processing and interpreting satellite images combined with previous studies are used to quantify multi-scale attributes of beach-ridge systems. These attributes include the area, length, width, number of sets, number of ridges per set, set rotation, ridge spacing, and ridge elevation. Our findings demonstrate that significant differences define beach-ridge systems including deltaic strandplains, large non-deltaic strandplains, small non-deltaic strandplains, large spits (cuspate forelands), small spits (flying spits, bay-mouth spits and tombolos) and barrier islands. A more comprehensive characterization of the factors controlling beach-ridge variability will improve our ability to recognize the sedimentary record of ancient of these systems. The proposed basic platform can be used to isolated different beach-ridge types and systems to facilitate future process and morphodynamic studies.

Wilsher cervical forceps for artificial insemination technique in jennies Flores Bragulat, Ana Paula; Alonso, Carolina Natalia; Castañeira, Catalina; Losinno, Luis The pregnancy rate after artificial insemination (AI) with fresh semen between jennies and mares seems to be similar.

Narrativas del acorralamiento: Identidad de Lugar en la Bahía de Coronel a partir de la reconversión productiva; Narratives of the cornering: Place identity in coronel bay from the productive reconversion Bravo Ferretti, Cristóbal; Sandoval Díaz, José; Astudillo Pizarro, Francisco Segundo Cristian El artículo analiza el proceso de construcción de identidad de lugar en la Bahía de Coronel en la Región del Bío-Bío en Chile en el contexto de industrialización reciente. Se adopta el concepto de zona de sacrificio para caracterizar la trayectoria de devastación socio-ambiental producida en el territorio. El estudio se focaliza en torno a tres referentes industriales implementados a partir de la reconversión productiva puesta en marcha en la década de 1990. Desde una perspectiva de historia ambiental híbrida y con un fuerte componente en el análisis de procesos contemporáneos, se utilizó un enfoque etnográfico que incluyó la realización de entrevistas y revisión de documentos, buscando poner en diálogo las fuentes cualitativas con un marco de procesos sociohistóricos más amplios. Se observó que las narrativas de identidad adoptan un carácter “residual” relacionado con el deterioro socio -ambiental y del bienestar de los residentes.; The article analyzes the process of place identity construction in the Coronel Bay in the Bío-Bío Region in Chile in the context of recent industrialization processes. The concept of the sacrifice zone is adopted to characterize the trajectory of socio-environmental devastation taken place in the territory. The study focuses on three industrial milestones settled since the productive reconversion launched in the 1990s. From a perspective of hybrid environmental history and with a strong component in the analysis of contemporary processes, an ethnographic approach was taken. This included interviews and document review, seeking to establish a dialogue between the qualitative sources and a framework of broader socio-historical processes. An ethnographic approach is used by means of interviews and document review. It was observed that the identity narratives adopt a “residual” character related to the socio-environmental deterioration and the well-being of the residents.

«La escalera se limpia de arriba para abajo, no al revés»: La Policía en el entramado de la experiencia penal juvenil en territorio; «The staircase is cleaned from top to bottom, not the other way around»: The police in the framework of the juvenile criminal experience in the territory Nebra, Maria Julieta En este artículo presentamos las distintas formas en las que la policía va (re)configurando la implementación de las medidas alternativas al encierro y/o al procesamiento judicial (MA) en el sistema penal juvenil. A partir de un trabajo etnográfico realizado en un Centrosociocomunitario de Responsabilidad Penal Juvenil (CESOC) en un municipio del conurbano bonaerense entre 2018 y 2019, relevamos los distintos tipos de hostigamiento policial que padecen los jóvenes (mayoritariamente varones) y sus consecuencias. Ponemos de manifiesto las violencias y el agravamiento de las causas judiciales, pero a la vez develamos algunas consecuencias más sutiles e igualmente perjudiciales que afectan a los jóvenes en su vida cotidiana y en las formas en las que sostienen las MA. Reponemos también, las implicancias de la territorialización de las MA, que suponen un acercamiento social, cultural, afectivo y geográfico de los/as trabajadores/as estatales hacia los jóvenes que permite matizar las «verdades policiales» en relación a su «peligrosidad». Si bien por un lado se observa que la mayoría de los/as actores/as del CESOC cuestionan el accionar policial, manifiestan cierto fatalismo en cuanto a los márgenes de acción y sus intervenciones se centran en que los jóvenes adecuen sus comportamientos para evitar el hostigamiento policial.; In this article we present the different ways in which the police (re)configures the implementation of alternative measures to confinement and/or judicial prosecution (MA) in the juvenile justice system. Based on an ethnographic study carried out in a SocioCommunity Center for Juvenile Criminal Responsibility (CESOC) in the suburbs of Buenos Aires between 2018 and 2019, we identified the different types of police harassment suffered by young people (mostly male) and its consequences. We highlight the violence and the aggravation of legal cases, but at the same time we reveal some more subtle and equally harmful consequences that affect young people in their daily lives and in the ways in which the MA develops. We also point out the implications of the territorialization of the MA, which suppose a social, cultural, affective and geographical approach of the state workers towards the young that allows qualifying the «police truths» in relation to their «dangerousness». Although on the one hand it is observed that most of the CESOC actors question police actions, they show a certain fatalism regarding the possibilities of action and their interventions focus on young people adapting their behavior to avoid police harassment.

The role of Nyctelia circumundata (Coleoptera: Tenebrionidae) on litter fragmentation processes and soil fertility in Northeastern arid Patagonia Cheli, German Horacio; Bosco, Tomas; Flores, Gustavo Ernesto Decomposition of organic matter and soil properties linked to carbon (C) and nitrogen (N) cycling are considered key processes in soil fertility. In arid ecosystems, most plant litter remains intact for long periods and is gradually consumed by macrodetritivore arthropods. Tenebrionid beetles (Coleoptera: Tenebrionidae) are the most abundant macrodetritivores in many arid environments worldwide, and it is widely suggested that these beetles are responsible for most of the nutrient cycling from accumulated litter in warm and dry seasons in these ecosystems. In this study, the role of Nyctelia circumundata Lesne (Coleoptera: Tenebrionidae) on soil fertility and litter fragmentation during the warm-dry season was experimentally evaluated in northeastern Patagonia, using microcosm experiments in the laboratory. Our results showed that the presence of litter alone is not enough to incorporate organic matter (OM), as well as nitrogen (N) or carbon (C) into the soil. Adult individuals of N. circumundata consumed a significant fraction of the litter offered in the experimental pots (~10 %) and this activity was also associated to increased soil N, C, and OM contents, and the C/N ratio. These facts highlighted that litter fragmentation, consumption, and its subsequent conversion into feces by N. circumundata positively affects soil fertility in northeastern Patagonia. Considering that tenebrionid beetles are a major group of primary consumers in deserts, these beetles play an important role in aboveground food web and a key energy conduit from plants (as litter) to higher trophic levels in this region. Finally, taking into account the ecological relevance of tenebrionid beetles for soil nutrient cycling (both at local and ecosytem scales) demonstrated in this work, we recommend incorporating these beetle assemblages into future conservation strategies for arid Patagonia.

Main agricultural production projects implemented by ex-combatants from “Héctor Ramírez” rural settlement located in La Montañita, Colombia Rojas Peña, Oscar Raul; Martinez Moyano, Edgar This paper analyzed the importance of productive projects in the reintegration process of ex-combatants of the Revolutionary Armed Forces of Colombia (FARC), in the rural settlement “Héctor Ramírez” located in Caquetá, after the signing of the Colombian peace process in 2017. In this regard, the research was characterized by being a descriptive study as a qualitative approach, using the semi-structured interview as a data collection instrument applied to ex-combatants to recognize their expectations about the productive projects that they have been developing in the camp. It was found that ex-combatants reinvest the earnings received in productive projects to achieve, under their criteria, possibilities of growth and financial return for the long term. In addition, they hope that the Colombian government will support the improvement of the commercialization processes of the products generated in the different projects. In this way, the standards of well-being at the personal and community level will be improved.

Plan de Finalización de Estudios Primarios y Secundarios (Plan Fines): una aproximación a su evolución cuantitativa, 2008-2018; “Completion of Primary and Secondary Education’s Plan (Plan Fines)”: a quantitative evolution, 2008-2018 de Luca, Romina Este artículo presenta una primera reconstrucción sobre la evolución de la matrícula y la cantidad de sedes del Plan Fines (Plan de Finalización de Estudios Primarios y Secundarios), en Argentina y en la provincia de Buenos Aires. Se trata de un aporte al campo de estudios ya que, frente a la ausencia de datos sistemáticos oficiales suministrados por el Ministerio de Educación Nacional, aquí se sistematizan datos provenientes de fuentes no transitadas generalmente por quienes trabajan con estadísticas educativas. En particular, se cuantifican y sistematizan datos provenientes de los informes de la Jefatura de Gabinete de ministros al Congreso de la Nación y de las Cuentas de Inversión Nacional. A partir de la reconstrucción de la evolución cuantitativa, el trabajo busca problematizar, en el marco de una investigación más general, sobre la modalidad de educación destinada a jóvenes y adultos y la consolidación de un nuevo circuito diferente del tradicional.; This article presents a first reconstruction on the evolution of enrollment and the academic units of the Plan Fines (Completion of Primary and Secondary Education’s Plan -locally known as Plan Fines), at the national administration, in Argentina. The Buenos Aires province analyzes in secondary place. In the absence of official systematic data provided by the Ministry of Education of the Nation, here data from sources not generally inspected by researchers who works with educational statistics. Data from the reports of the Chief of Cabinet of Ministers to the National Congress and from the National Investment Accounts are quantified and systematized. Starting from the reconstruction of the quantitative evolution, this article problematizes, within the framework of a more general investigation, on the modality of education aimed at young people and adults and the consolidation of a new circuit different from the traditional one.