"Con los hombres nunca pude": Las mujeres como artistas durante las primeras décadas del "rock nacional" en Argentina Blazquez, Gustavo Este trabajo se adentra en el cruce de los estudios de música popular y problemáticas de género y diversidad sexual a partir de la descripción del entramado de sentidos que organizaron la participación de las mujeres en el mundo del "rock nacional" en Argentina. Con especial interés, el artículo se detiene en la producción de tres compositoras y cantantes: Marilina Ross, Sandra Mihanovich y Celeste Carballo. Las artistas seleccionadas, además de ser mujeres en un mundo donde los varones heterosexuales ocupaban una posición privilegiada, se relacionaron con los procesos de visibilización de la homosexualidad que se dieron en la época.

Control de legalidad en institucionalizaciones involuntarias de NNYA por ley 26.657: diálogo entre actores y expedientes Guemureman, Silvia Teresa Hace algunos años que viene constatándose un descenso en las institucionalizaciones de índole penal en los dispositivos dependientes de la Secretaría Nacional de Niñez y Adolescencia (SENNAF). Este dato abre una cantidad de interrogantes. ¿Es que realmente descienden las internaciones como consecuencia de la prédica sobre lo nocivo de la internación? ¿Es que ha cambiado la cualidad de las conductas disvaliosas protagonizadas por adolescentes y jóvenes? ¿Qué factores contribuyen a explicar este descenso? En el año 2012, en una conferencia sobre Institucionalización de niños, niñas, adolescentes y jóvenes (en adelante NNyA), la Defensora General de la Nación, informó que había aproximadamente 500 chicos institucionalizados en clínicas psiquiátricas y comunidades terapéuticas en el ámbito de la Ciudad Autónoma de Buenos Aires. Esta afirmación nos invitó a explorar la índole de las internaciones terapéuticas y psiquiátricas y a revisar el aumento sufrido por éstas últimas respecto de la cantidad de personas menores de edad alojadas en dispositivos penales, que para entonces, estaba estimada en un tercio de este número. Por lo expuesto, en este artículo el objetivo será presentar una caracterización cualitativa y cuantitativa de las internaciones de NNYA motivadas en razones de salud mental, sean éstas estrictamente de orden psiquiátrico, o se inscriban en los causales de padecimiento mental que estipula la ley 26.657/10. A partir de las internaciones y los casos, se activan los procesos de control de legalidad y control de internación y la institucionalidad en juego personificada por los actores que intervienen. Dado que la institucionalidad en torno a la salud mental en tanto padecimiento, y la presunción de capacidad como prerrequisito es bastante reciente, el entramado normativo e institucional está en vías de consolidación y los actores expresan sus posiciones en torno a las normas, mostrando los alcances, los limites, las resistencias, y las tensiones institucionales. Por tal motivo, desde la investigación se buscó componer el panorama del abordaje de la salud mental de NNYA que requieren de medidas excepcionales desde la perspectiva de los actores (jueces de familia, defensores públicos, defensores de la Unidad de Letrados, equipos técnicos de todas las dependencias, funcionarios del órgano de revisión, etc.), y desde el abordaje de los casos en tanto expresión de la diversidad de situaciones que encuentran cobijo bajo el amplio paraguas de la categoría "padecimiento mental". Así, se recuperaron notas de campo, material de expedientes y fragmentos de entrevistas como disparadores de reflexiones que se generan en el proceso de investigación que se realizó en el ámbito de la Ciudad de Buenos Aires desde el año 2014.

Aníbal Ponce: humanismo y revolución; Anibal Ponce: humanism and revolution Kohan, Néstor Boris En el presente artículo el autor analiza el pensamiento teórico y filosófico del argentino Aníbal Norberto Ponce, uno de los fundadores, junto con el peruano José Carlos Mariátegui, el cubano Julio Antonio Mella y el chileno Luis Emilio Recabarren, del marxismo latinoamericano. Su argumento central intenta comprender la especificidad cultural del marxismo de Ponce vinculándolo y diferenciándolo al mismo tiempo de su maestro, el célebre José Ingenieros. Para ello destaca la notable influencia en ambos de la revolución bolchevique pero amplía el marxismo de Ponce más allá del primer impacto de Lenin y sus compañeros/as. En ese sentido el trabajo destaca la veta antimperialista y el carácter fundamentalmente humanista desde el cual Ponce interpreta a Marx, convergiendo con el marxismo dialéctico y humanista europeo occidental (por ejemplo el joven Lukács y Antonio Gramsci). La investigación culmina poniendo de relieve la huella indeleble del pensamiento de Aníbal Ponce en el marxismo revolucionario de Ernesto Che Guevara (quien lo leyó y estudió en su juventud junto con su amiga Tita Infante).; In this article the author analyzes the theoretical and philosophical thought of the Argentine Aníbal Norberto Ponce, one of the founders, along with the Peruvian José Carlos Mariátegui, the Cuban Julio Antonio Mella and the Chilean Luis Emilio Recabarren, of Latin American Marxism. Its central argument tries to understand the cultural specificity of Ponce's Marxism, linking it and differentiating it at the same time from its teacher, the famous José Ingenieros. For this, he highlights the notable influence in both of the Bolshevik revolution but extends Ponce's Marxism beyond the first impact of Lenin and his companions. In this sense, the work highlights the anti-imperialist streak and the fundamentally humanist character from which Ponce interprets Marx, converging with Western European dialectical and humanist Marxism (for example, the young Lukács and Antonio Gramsci). The investigation culminates by highlighting the indelible imprint of Aníbal Ponce's thought on the revolutionary Marxism of Ernesto Che Guevara (who read and studied it in his youth together with his friend Tita Infante).

Surgimiento y transformaciones de la agrupación 'Hijos y Nietos de Presos Políticos' en Argentina (2008-2016); Emergence and transformations of the organization 'Hijos y Nietos de Presos Políticos' in Argentina (2008-2016) Goldentul, Analía Eugenia La organización Hijos y Nietos de Presos Políticos surgió en Argentina en 2008 con el objetivo de reclamar por la libertad de miembros de las FFAA y de Seguridad condenados por delitos de lesa humanidad. Sin embargo, no fue hasta principios de 2015 que, en virtud de un proceso de modelación y moderación del discurso, la agrupación comenzó a tener mayor visibilidad en los medios de comunicación. El presente artículo estudia el proceso de conformación de esta organización focalizándose, como dimensión principal, en la transformación de sus prácticas discursivas entre 2008 y 2016.; The organization Hijos y Nietos de Presos Políticos arose in Argentina in 2008 aiming to clame for the freedom of those members of the Armed Forces and Security convicted for crimes against humanity. However, it was not until early in 2015 that within a process of modeling and moderation of discourse, the organization began to have a greater visibility in the media. This article seeks to analyze the process of formation of this organization focusing, as a main dimension, in the transformation of its discursive practices between 2008 and 2016.

Paisajes (in)visibles del Caribe en dos relatos de Edwidge Danticat Der-ohannesian, Nadia Se analizan las implicancias políticas de los paisajes representados en “Seeing Things Simply” y “A Wall of Fire Rising”. Estas historias forman parte de la colección de relatos titulada Krik? Krak! de la autora Haitiana Edwidge Danticat. En el primer cuento la protagonista, Princesse sirve de modelo a una pintora francesa quien la retrata desnuda en la playa. La muchacha, con el tiempo, se da cuenta de que ella desea ser artista también y no modelo, y dibuja en el suelo una escena de la vida cotidiana en su pueblo. En el segundo, la autora retrata un episodio en la vida de una familia muy pobre en un pueblo de Haití. Mientras el hijo aprende las palabras de un revolucionario haitiano para una obra de la escuela, el padre fantasea con escapar de la isla en globo. La noción de paisaje liga de manera patente la mirada humana con el entorno físico. A pesar de que a priori parecería que los paisajes estuvieran allí, estáticos y dispuestos simplemente para ser aprehendidos, existen innumerables mediaciones que responden de manera clara a la esfera de la cultura. Desde la geografía cultural hace ya algunas décadas se cuestionan ideas despolitizadas de percepción del paisaje y se enfatiza cada vez más su carácter político, dinámico y socialmente construido, a pesar de que pueda tratarse de espacios naturales con poca o ninguna intervención del humano. Qué califica para ser considerado un paisaje es una cuestión que involucra intereses económicos y políticos, así como también expectativas diseminadas en la cultura y repetidas a lo largo del tiempo. Las historias construyen paisajes alternativos que a su vez exponen prácticas imperialistas.; “Seeing Things Simply” and “A Wall of Fire Rising” are part of the collection of stories Krik? Krak! by Haitian author Edwidge Danticat. In the first story, the protagonist, Princesse, models for a French artist, who portrays her naked on the beach. Princesse eventually realizes that she wants to be an artist herself and draws on the floor a scene from everyday life in her village. The second story narrates an event in the life of a very poor Haitian family. While the son learns the part of a Revolutionary Haitian Hero for a school play, his father, Guy, fantasizes with gaining freedom by flying a hot air balloon away from his miserable life. The notion of landscape strongly links the human gaze with the physical environment. Even though a priori it would seem that landscapes are there, static, waiting for someone to apprehend it, there exist innumerable mediations that clearly respond to the cultural sphere. From the discipline of cultural geography, the idea that landscapes are depoliticized has been put into question for some decades, and their political, dynamic and socially constructed nature is now more frequently emphasized, even if the space analyzed may display little or no human intervention as such. What qualifies as landscape is a question that involves political and economic interests, as well as expectations disseminated and naturalized throughout space and time. In the stories object of analysis one can detect the imperial and exoticizing gaze which determines what a Caribbean landscape is and how Princesse and Guy resist this gaze on the surrounding territory as well as on themselves. In this way, the stories construct alternative landscapes that expose the consequences of imperial practices.

Concordance between the original and short version of the impulsive behaviour scale UPPS-P using an IRT model Lozano, Óscar M.; Díaz-Batanero, Carmen; Rojas, Antonio J.; Pilatti, Angelina; Fernández Calderón, Fermín The UPPS Impulsive Behaviour Scale (with five dimensions of impulsive behaviour) is being widely used. One of the handicaps of this instrument is its relatively long administration time. This has led to the development of a short version: SUPPS-P. There are no studies comparing the relationship between the SUPPS-P scores and the original UPPS-P scores. The objectives of this study, therefore, were to analyse the psychometric properties, concordance of person measures, and efficiency of the SUPPS-P compared to those on UPPS-P, applying an Item Response Theory Model. The UPPS-P and SUPPS-P were administered to 455 undergraduate students. Confirmatory factorial analysis replicated structures reported in previous studies: the five correlated factors structure and the model with two second-order factors (Urgency and Lack of Awareness) with Sensation Seeking dimension as a different factor. Rasch analysis show that both of the instruments presented adequate model-data fit. The results show the measurement for each dimension of UPPS-P offered more precision than SUPPS-P. The structure of items location was maintained in each dimension of SUPPS-P compared to the UPPS-P, but with better person and item separation indices of the UPPS-P dimensions. The concordance analysis reveals high correlations values between scores on both versions. From the standpoint of reducing items, it can be considered that the reduced version is more efficient. This study does not support the equivalence of items on the dimensions of Sensation Seeking and Lack of perseverance.

TRPC proteins contribute to development of diabetic retinopathy and regulate glyoxalase 1 activity and methylglyoxal accumulation Sachdeva, Robin; Schlotterer, Andrea; Schumacher, Dagmar; Matka, Christin; Mathar, Ilka; Dietrich, Nadine; Medert, Rebekka; Kriebs, Ulrich; Lin, Jihong; Nawroth, Peter; Birnbaumer, Lutz; Fleming, Thomas; Hammes, Hans Peter; Freichel, Marc Objective: Diabetic retinopathy (DR) is induced by an accumulation of reactive metabolites such as ROS, RNS, and RCS species, which were reported to modulate the activity of cation channels of the TRPC family. In this study, we use Trpc1/4/5/6 / compound knockout mice to analyze the contribution of these TRPC proteins to diabetic retinopathy. Methods: We used Nanostring- and qPCR-based analysis to determine mRNA levels of TRPC channels in control and diabetic retinae and retinal cell types. Chronic hyperglycemia was induced by Streptozotocin (STZ) treatment. To assess the development of diabetic retinopathy, vasoregression, pericyte loss, and thickness of individual retinal layers were analyzed. Plasma and cellular methylglyoxal (MG) levels, as well as Glyoxalase 1 (GLO1) enzyme activity and protein expression, were measured in WT and Trpc1/4/5/6 / cells or tissues. MG-evoked toxicity in cells of both genotypes was compared by MTT assay. Results: We find that Trpc1/4/5/6 / mice are protected from hyperglycemia-evoked vasoregression determined by the formation of acellular capillaries and pericyte drop-out. In addition, Trpc1/4/5/6 / mice are resistant to the STZ-induced reduction in retinal layer thickness. The RCS metabolite methylglyoxal, which represents a key mediator for the development of diabetic retinopathy, was significantly reduced in plasma and red blood cells (RBCs) of STZ-treated Trpc1/4/5/6 / mice compared to controls. GLO1 is the major MG detoxifying enzyme, and its activity and protein expression were significantly elevated in Trpc1/4/5/6-deficient cells, which led to significantly increased resistance to MG toxicity. GLO1 activity was also increased in retinal extracts from Trpc1/4/5/6 / mice. The TRPCs investigated here are expressed at different levels in endothelial and glial cells of the retina. Conclusion: The protective phenotype in diabetic retinopathy observed in Trpc1/4/5/6 / mice is suggestive of a predominant action of TRPCs in Müller cells and microglia because of their central position in the retention of a proper homoeostasis of the neurovascular unit.

Estado de conservación de las especies argentinas de Kaunia (Oxylobinae, Eupatorieae, Asteraceae); Conservation status of the Argentinean species of Kaunia (Oxylobinae, Eupatorieae, Asteraceae Viera Barreto, Jessica Noelia; Sancho, Gisela Las especies de Kaunia representan elementos ecológicamente importantes de las selvas subtropicales y matorrales montanos andinos. En Argentina habitan tres especies pertenecientes a este género. Dos de estas tres especies, K. lasiophthalma y K. saltensis, son componentes importantes de la Provincia Fitogeográfica de las Yungas. La tercera especie, K. rufescens, habita en la Provincia Fitogeográfica Paranaense. En el presente trabajo se brinda por primera vez un análisis del estado de conservación de las especies argentinas de Kaunia utilizando como base la metodología propuesta por la IUCN (International Union for Conservation of Nature and Natural Resources). Con la evidencia que se ha podido obtener sobre el estado general de las poblaciones de las especies de Kaunia analizadas, se obtuvo como resultado preliminar que la categoría de amenaza que mejor se adapta a su situación actual es “Menor preocupación” (LC).; The species of Kaunia represent ecologically important elements of the Andean subtropical forests and montane scrubs. Three species of this genus live in Argentina. Two of them, K. lasiophthalma and K. saltensis, are important components of the Yungas Phytogeographic Province. The third species, K. rufescens, lives in the Paranaense Province. The conservation status of the Argentinean species of Kaunia is herein presented for the first time following the methodology proposed by IUCN (International Union for the Conservation of Nature and Natural Resources). Based on the evidence obtained from populations of the species of Kaunia analyzed, we preliminary assign the conservation status “Low concern” (LC) which best represents the current situation of these species in Argentina

Una nueva especie de Leucheria (Asteraceae), endémica de Chile; A new species of Leucheria (Asteraceae), endemic to Chile Katinas, Liliana; Crisci, Jorge Victor; Marticorena, Alicia Se describe e ilustra una nueva especie de Leucheria Lag. (Asteraceae, Nassauvieae), L. meladensis Katinas, Crisci & A.E. Martic., con hojas enteras, elípticas, pecioladas y levemente pubescentes. Esta sería la única especie endémica de la Reserva Nacional Bellotos del Melado, a los 35º S, en la provincia de Linares, región del Maule en Chile. Se presenta una clave de las especies que habitan la provincia de Linares.; A new species of Leucheria (Asteraceae), endemic to Chile. A new species of Leucheria Lag. (Asteraceae, Nassauvieae), L. meladensis Katinas, Crisci & A.E. Martic, with entire, elliptic, petiolate, scarcely pubescent leaves is described and illustrated. This would be the only species endemic to Reserva Nacional Bellotos del Melado, at 35º S, in Linares province of the Maule region, Chile. A key to the species of Leucheria that inhabit the Linares province is presented.

El tratamiento del suelo rural en el planeamiento francés a lo largo del siglo XX: el caso de Lyon; The treatment of rural land in French planning throughout the 20th century: the case of Lyon Orduña Giró, Paula; Pesoa, Melisa; Sabaté Bel, Joaquín Las ideas que orientan el planeamiento urbanístico se reajustan a lo largo del siglo XX. Los planes incorporan nuevos conceptos e instrumentos para definir el rol del suelo no urbanizado en sistemas urbanos dinámicos, convirtiéndose en pieza esencial del proyecto metropolitano. En este artículo analizamos los cambios en la normativa urbanística, territorial, agrícola y ambiental en el caso de Francia, y de Lyon en particular. Para ello distinguimos cuatro etapas, desde las primeras iniciativas de ordenación territorial de principios del siglo XX, hasta la última generación de Esquemas de coherencia territorial. Este repaso histórico permite observar cómo se articula la categoría de suelo rural metropolitano en Lyon, región que cuenta con una reconocida tradición urbanística y más de cincuenta años de planeamiento metropolitano que le conceden continuidad y capacidad de innovación.; There has been a reassessment of planning concerns throughout the twentieth century. Plans integrate new concepts and operational tools to define the role of non-urbanized land in dynamic urban systems, becoming an essential component of the metropolitan project. In this article we analyze the changes in the urban, regional, agricultural and environmental regulation in the case of France in general and Lyon, in particular. Therefore we distinguish four stages from the first initiatives of regional organization in the early 1900's, to the last Territorial coherence schemes. This historical review demonstrates the articulation of the category of metropolitan rural land in Lyon, this region owns a long tradition of urban planning and more than fifty years of metropolitan planning experience attesting continuity and capacity of innovation.

Metallated porphyrin-doped conjugated polymer nanoparticles for efficient photodynamic therapy of brain and colorectal tumor cells Ibarra, Luis Exequiel; Porcal, Gabriela Valeria; Macor, Lorena Paola; Ponzio, Rodrigo Andrés; Spada, Ramiro Martín; Lorente, Carolina; Chesta, Carlos Alberto; Rivarola, Viviana Alicia; Palacios, Rodrigo Emiliano Assess biocompatibility, uptake and photodynamic therapy (PDT) mechanism of metallated porphyrin doped conjugated polymer nanoparticles (CPNs) in human brain and colorectal tumor cells and macrophages. CPNs were developed employing 9,9-dioctylfluorene-altbenzothiadiazole, an amphiphilic polymer (PS-PEG-COOH), and platinum octaethylporphyrin. T98G, SW480 and RAW 264.7 cell lines were exposed to CPNs to assess uptake and intracellular localization. Additionally, a PDT protocol using CPNs was employed for the in vitro killing of cancer and macrophage cell lines. CPNs were well incorporated into glioblastoma and macrophage cells with localization in lysosomes. SW480 cells were less efficient incorporating CPNswith localization in the plasma membrane. In all cell lines PDT treatment was efficient inducing oxidative stress that triggered apoptosis.

The enhanced electrochemical response of Sr(Ti0.3Fe0.7Ru0.07)O3-: δ anodes due to exsolved Ru-Fe nanoparticles Glaser, R.; Zhu, T.; Troiani, Horacio Esteban; Caneiro, Alberto; Mogni, Liliana Verónica; Barnett, S. A mixed conducting oxide with a nominal composition Sr(Ti0.3Fe0.7Ru0.07)O3-δ (STFRu) is studied, in comparison with SrTi0.3Fe0.7O3-δ (STF) oxide, as an anode for solid oxide fuel cells. Exposing STFRu to reducing fuel conditions at 800 °C for 4 h results in the exsolution of essentially all of the Ru and a small fraction of the Fe from the oxide, and the formation of Ru1-xFex nanoparticles on the oxide surfaces. Most of the nanoparticles have the hexagonal structure expected for Ru-rich alloys, and thermogravimetric analysis suggests the composition x ∼ 0.2. A small fraction of bcc-structure, presumably Fe-rich, nanoparticles are also detected. Comparison of cells with STFRu and STF anodes shows that the presence of Ru induces a reduced polarization resistance and increases the maximum power density under most cell operating conditions, particularly at lower temperatures and hydrogen partial pressures. For example, at 700 °C and 30% H2 fuel, the maximum power density is 0.1 W cm-2 for STF compared to 0.3 W cm-2 for STFRu. There is also a significant change in the shape of the current-voltage curves and the pH2-dependence of the anode polarization resistances RP,A ∝ (pH2)-m, from m ∼ 0.5-1.0 for STF to m ∼ 0.11-0.29 for STFRu; these suggest that Ru1-xFex nanoparticles improve anode performance by promoting hydrogen adsorption.

On the distortions in calculated GW parameters during slanted atmospheric soundings de la Torre, Alejandro; Alexander, Pedro Manfredo; Schmidt, Torsten; Llamedo Soria, Pablo Martin; Hierro, Rodrigo Federico The significant distortions introduced in the measured atmospheric gravity wavelengths by soundings other than those in vertical and horizontal directions, are discussed as a function of the elevation angle of the sounding path and the gravity wave aspect ratio. Under- or overestimation of real vertical wavelengths during the measurement process depends on the value of these two parameters. The consequences of these distortions on the calculation of the energy and the vertical flux of horizontal momentum are analyzed and discussed in the context of two experimental limb satellite setups: GPS-LEO radio occultations and TIMED/SABER ((Atmosphere using Broadband Emission Radiometry/Thermosphere-Ionosphere-Mesosphere-Energetics and Dynamics)) measurements. Possible discrepancies previously found between the momentum flux calculated from satellite temperature profiles, on site and from model simulations, may to a certain degree be attributed to these distortions. A recalculation of previous momentum flux climatologies based on these considerations seems to be a difficult goal.

Técnicas Paleontológicas Isasi, Marcelo Pablo; Brissón Egli, Federico Cuando recorremos las salas de exhibición delos museos de ciencias naturales solemos encontrarnosante magníficos ejemplares deanimales extinguidos de los que solo conocemossus esqueletos fósiles (o partes de ellos),montados de una manera que cautiva nuestra imaginación.Sin embargo, por lo general desconocemos el largocamino que debieron recorrer esos fósiles para quelos podamos apreciar en el museo. Ese camino comienzacon su hallazgo en el campo por los paleontólogos,normalmente en lugares remotos y a veces poco accesibles,y sigue con su extracción de los estratos geológicosen que se preservaron por millones de años, su trasladoa un centro de investigación o un museo, y su cuidadosapreparación, por la que se separan los huesos de la roca.Esto posibilita el detallado estudio anatómico y, en casode que los materiales estén bien preservados, su exhibiciónal público.

Discovery of novel bovine viral diarrhea inhibitors using structure-based virtual screening on the envelope protein E2 Bollini, Mariela; Leal, Emilse Soledad; Adler, Natalia Sol; Aucar, María Gabriela; Fernandez, Gabriela Araceli; Pascual, María José; Merwaiss, Fernando; Alvarez, Diego Ezequiel; Cavasotto, Claudio Norberto Bovine viral diarrhea virus (BVDV) is a member of the genus Pestivirus within the family Flaviviridae. BVDV causes both acute and persistent infections in cattle, leading to substantial financial losses to the livestock industry each year. The global prevalence of persistent BVDV infection and the lack of a highly effective antiviral therapy have spurred intensive efforts to discover and develop novel anti-BVDV therapies in the pharmaceutical industry. Antiviral targeting of virus envelope proteins is an effective strategy for therapeutic intervention of viral infections. We performed prospective small-molecule high-throughput docking to identify molecules that likely bind to the region delimited by domains I and II of the envelope protein E2 of BVDV. Several structurally different compounds were purchased or synthesized, and assayed for antiviral activity against BVDV. Five of the selected compounds were active displaying IC50 values in the low- to mid-micromolar range. For these compounds, their possible binding determinants were characterized by molecular dynamics simulations. A common pattern of interactions between active molecules and aminoacid residues in the binding site in E2 was observed. These findings could offer a better understanding of the interaction of BVDV E2 with these inhibitors, as well as benefit the discovery of novel and more potent BVDV antivirals.

Reactive oxygen species and nitric oxide are involved in polyamine-induced growth inhibition in wheat plants Recalde, Laura; Vazquez, Analia; Groppa, María Daniela; Benavides, Maria Patricia Polyamines (PAs) produce H2O2 and nitric oxide (NO) during their normal catabolism and modulate plant growth and development. To explore the biochemical basis of PAs-induced growth inhibition in Triticum aestivum L seedlings, we examined the role of O2·-, H2O2 or NO in shoot and root development. Although all PA treatments resulted in a variable reduction of root and shoot elongation, spermine (Spm) caused the greater inhibition in a similar way to that observed with the NO donor, sodium nitroprusside (SNP). In both cases, O2·- production was completely blocked whereas H2O2 formation was high in the root apex under SNP or Spm treatments. Catalase recovered root and shoot growth in SNP but not in Spm-treated plants, revealing the involvement of H2O2 in SNP-root length reduction. The addition of the NO scavenger, cPTIO, restored root length in SNP- or Spm-treated plants, respectively, and partially recovered O2·- levels, compared to the plants exposed to PAs or SNP without cPTIO. A strong correlation was observed between root growth restoration and O2·- accumulation after treating roots with SNP + aminoguanidine, a diamine oxidase inhibitor, and with SNP + 1,8-diaminoctane, a polyamine oxidase inhibitor, confirming the essential role of O2·- formation for root growth and the importance of the origin and level of H2O2. The differential modulation of wheat growth by PAs through reactive oxygen species or NO is discussed.

Distinguishing Quaternary glyptodontine cingulates in South America: How informative are juvenile specimens? Luna, Carlos; Cerda, Ignacio Alejandro; Zurita, Alfredo Eduardo; González, Romina; Prieto, María Cecilia; Mothé, Dimila; Avilla, Leonardo The subfamily Glyptodontinae (Xenarthra, Cingulata) comprises one of the most frequently recorded glyptodontids in South America. Recently, the North American genus Glyptotherium was recorded in South America, in addition to the genus Glyptodon. It has been shown that both genera shared the same geographic distribution in central-north and eastern areas of South America (Venezuela and Brazil, respectively). Although some characters allow differentiation between adult specimens of both genera, the morphological distinction between these two genera is rather difficult in juvenile specimens. In this contribution, a detailed morphological, morphometric and histological survey of a juvenile specimen of Glyptodontinae recovered from the Late Pleistocene of northern Brazil is performed. The relative lower osteoderms thickness, the particular morphology of the annular and radial sulci and the distal osseous projections of the caudal osteoderms suggest that the specimen belongs to the genus Glyptotherium. In addition, the validity of some statistical tools to distinguish between different ontogenetic stages and in some cases between genera is verified. The osteoderm microstructure of this juvenile individual is characterized by being composed of a cancellous internal coresurrounded by a compact bone cortex. Primary bone tissue mostly consists of highly vascularized, woven-fibered bone tissue. Unlike that observed in adult Glyptodontinae, both the Sharpey fibers and the fibrous and laminar parallel bone tissue as secondary bone are absent. This study enhances our knowledge about those morphological and histological changes that occur through the ontogeny in glyptodonts.

Círculos de tiza: Notas sobre exilio y enfermedad en Reinaldo Arenas León, Denise En su ensayo sobre literatura y enfermedad, Roberto Bolaño construye una tríada íntima de experiencia que nos guía a través de las motivaciones fundamentales que hay detrás de toda poesía y que está constituida ciertamente por los viajes, el sexo y los libros. Me propongo indagar en el presente trabajo cómo funciona esta tríada en la obra del cubano Reynaldo Arenas, especialmente en su autobiografía, Antes que anochezca, donde la enfermedad re direcciona la trayectoria del viaje. Si la fuga funciona como una constante que tensiona la obra y la vida de Arenas, en su autobiografía exilio y enfermedad se fusionan como signos intercambiables.; In his essay on literature and disease, Roberto Bolaño builds a trio arround intimate experiences that guides us through the fundamental motivations behind all poetry: travel, sex and books. I intend in this paper to research how this triad operates in the work of the Cuban writer Reynaldo Arenas, especially in his autobiography, Before Night Falls. Here, the disease redirects the path of traveling. If runaway functions as a constant in Arenas's works, in his autobiography desertion and disease look like interchangeable signs.

Physicochemical and rheological properties of mucilage extracted from Opuntia ficus indica (L. Miller): Comparative study with guar gum and xanthan gum Quinzio, Claudia Marcela; Ayunta, Carolina Anabel; Alancay, Matias Miguel; Lopez, Beatriz Alicia; Iturriaga, Laura Beatriz The physicochemical and rheological properties of aqueous solutions of the mucilage isolated from Opuntia ficus indica (L. Mill) at different concentration (0.5, 1, 1.5 and 4.5% w/v) were examined. The intrinsic viscosity [η] found for precipitate mucilage (PM) and dialyzed mucilage (DM) were 22.6 and 15.3 dl/g respectively. Electrophoretic measurements showed that the zeta potential of PM and DM was negative in all the pH range studied. PM reduced the surface tension of water and was concentration dependent. The surface activity of PM (57 mN/m) was similar to that of guar gum (55 mN/m) and xanthan gum (52 mN/m) at 1.5% (w/v) concentration. A non-Newtonian shear-thinning behavior was observed. The Ostwald–de Waele model successfully correlated the viscosity–shear rate. At equal hydrocolloid concentration, the consistency coefficients (k) of mucilage solutions were lower than those of guar gum (GG) and xanthan gum (XG). However, the consistency coefficient of a mucilage solution at 4.5% (w/v) (20.9 Pa s) was in the same order as that shown by GG at 1.5% (w/v) (28.8 Pa s) aqueous solution. No effects of pH and ionic strength on the viscosity of PM and DM were observed. The mechanical spectra showed a crossover point between G′ and G″ at low mucilage concentrations of 0.5 and 1% (w/v), exhibiting higher relaxation time than GG. The more concentrated solutions of PM and DM (1.5 and 4.5% w/v) displayed a predominant elastic behavior and did not meet the Cox-Merz rule, similarly to GX. The more concentrated solutions of PM and DM did not meet the Cox-Merz rule. This behavior would suggest the formation of colloidal aggregates.

Electrosorption of a modified electrode in the vicinity of phase transition: A Monte Carlo study Gavilán Arriazu, Edgardo Maximiliano; Pinto, Oscar Alejandro We present a Monte Carlo study for the electrosorption of an electroactive species on a modified electrode. The surface of the electrode is modified by the irreversible adsorption of a non-electroactive species which is able to block a percentage of the adsorption sites. This generates an electrode with variable connectivity sites. A second species, electroactive in this case, is adsorbed in surface vacancies and can interact repulsively with itself. In particular, we are interested in the analysis of the effect of the non-electroactive species near of critical regime, where the c(2 × 2) structure is formed. Lattice-gas models and Monte Carlo simulations in the Gran Canonical Ensemble are used. The analysis conducted is based on the study of voltammograms, order parameters, isotherms, configurational entropy per site, at several values of energies and coverage degrees of the non-electroactive species.