La moneda circulante en el Río de la Plata y el surgimiento de un mercado financiero, 1813-1850: de horizonte homogéneo a volatilidad estructural; Money and financial markets in the Río de la Plata after Independence, 1813-1850: From an homogenous horizon to structural volatility Djenderedjian, Julio Cesar; Martiren, Juan Luis En este artículo estudiamos los cambios en los sistemas monetarios y los inicios de un mercado financiero en la región del Río de la Plata durante la primera mitad del siglo xix. Se trata de un contexto de gran incertidumbre y volatilidad impulsado por las guerras de la independencia, la expansión del comercio atlántico y conflictos internos y externos posteriores. Se presentan nuevas series temporales de diversas de cotizaciones monetarias y financieras entre 1823 y 1850 en Buenos Aires y Montevideo, las dos principales plazas mercantiles de la región durante el periodo. Se ofrecen explicaciones sobre las dificultades experimentadas por ambas ciudades para imponer una nueva moneda y sobre la carrera divergente que experimentaron en esas décadas. Se postula, en ese sentido, que esa nueva divergencia tuvo consecuencias tanto dentro de las propias economías como en sus relaciones con otras regiones cercanas del antiguo imperio español y ultramarinas.; This article studies the monetary changes in the Río de la Plata region during the first half of the 19th century. We also address the emergence of new financial markets in a context of great uncertainty and volatility, caused by the independence wars and the ensuing internal conflicts. The relevance of the topic lies in the fact that it covers a groundbreaking experiment with fiat currency in Buenos Aires, and, on the contrary, the setting of a fictional silver standard (with copper currency) in Montevideo, two cities with broad commercial ties, and whose actors have to find creative solutions to deal with the new conditions. This divergence had long-run consequences, both within the economies and in their relationship with neighboring or overseas regions.

New Formulation of Anticorrosive Waterborne Epoxy Coatings for SAE 1010 Steel Protection D'alessandro, Oriana; Byrne, Christian Eduardo; Banera, Mauro; Deya, Marta Cecilia This work presents the formulation and characterization of waterborne epoxy paints designed for SAE 1010 steel protection with three commercial phosphate-based anticorrosive pigments: zinc molybdophos phate (ZMP), zinc aluminum polyphosphate hydrate (ZAPP) and zinc calcium aluminum strontium orthophosphate polyphosphate silicate hydrate (ZCPP). The anticorrosive efficacy of these pigments was evaluated by electrochemical tests in 0.1 M NaCl. Corrosion potential measurements revealed that ZCPP and ZMPshifted the corrosion potential of steel toward more positive values, while ZAPP shifted it to more negative values. Linear polarization curves showed that all three pigments exhibit a good anticorrosive performance, with inhibition efficiency higher than 90%. SEM–EDX analysis of the samples exposed to pigment dispersions in the corrosive medium supported these electrochemical findings. All pigments re sulted in a Fe/O ratio higher than the obtained for the reference steel sample exposed to the 0.1 M NaCl solution without pigment addition, indicating a reduction in corrosion products formation. The epoxy paints were formulated as a typical two-pack system, and each part was prepared separately in a highspeed disperser. The paints were assessed through accelerated tests (salt spray and humidity chambers), electrochemical tests (ionic resistance and electrochemical impedance spectroscopy) and service tests. The results suggest that the three waterborne epoxy paints performed really well, maintaining their protective qualities after 700 days of exposure in service conditions.

La psicología y un proyecto para actuar frente al sexismo Roca, Marcelo Agustin El artículo no presenta resumen según el formato editorial de la revista

Estudio del proceso de coagulación sanguínea mediante la técnica de biospeckle; Study of the blood coagulation process by means of the biospeckle technique Detarsio, G.; Raviola, M.; Tendela, Lucas Pedro; Pratti, A.; Riquelme, B. D.; Galizzi, Gustavo Ernesto En este trabajo se utilizó un enfoque experimental para evaluar la utilidad de la técnica de biospeckle en el estudio del proceso de coagulación sanguínea. Se analizaron los tiempos de tromboplastina parcial con activador en plasma normal, plasma con deficiencia de Factor VIII y la mezcla de ambos. Los resultados muestran una correlación entre los cambios en los patrones de speckle y la formación de la malla de fibrina en las muestras normal y patológica. En consecuencia, la técnica de biospeckle puede ser una herramienta útil para evaluar la hemostasia y los cambios que se generan en la polimerización de la fibrina frente a deficiencias o interferencias.; In this work, an experimental approach was used to evaluate the usefulness of the biospeckle technique in the study of the blood coagulation process. Partial thromboplastin times with activator were analyzed in normal plasma, Factor VIII-deficient plasma, and a mixture of both. The results show a correlation between changes in speckle patterns and fibrin mesh formation in normal and pathological samples. Consequently, the biospeckle technique can be a useful tool to evaluate hemostasis and the changes generated in fibrin polymerization in the face of deficiencies or interferences.

Global Ethnohistory?: Indigenous Agency in the Imperial Fluxes of Colonial Latin America Wilde, Guillermo Luis The historiographical turn to the global has tended to eclipse the analysis of local dynamics and processes. In this context, indigenous agency as a central interest of ethnohistory and historical anthropology needs to be rethought. This article proposes a historiographical revision of some of the main topics which the ethnohistory of colonial Latin America, both as a concept and a methodology, has dealt with. The first part examines the debates on native regimes of historicity against the background of European expansion. The second part focuses on the recent shift of imperial history towards a decentered perspective on power relations and borderlands. The third and final part identifies some recent attempts to put indigenous strategies in dialogue with global circulations of people, texts, and objects.

“No es un jueguito, es algo serio”: Trayectorias de jóvenes freestylers en la (re)configuración del mundo del freestyle en la Córdoba contemporánea; “It´s not just a game, it´s something serious”: Trajectories of Young freestylers in the (re)configuration of the freestyle word in contemporary Córdoba Vittorelli, Lucia Belén Este articulo analiza trayectorias y experiencias de jóvenes freestylers en la ciudad de Córdoba (Argentina). Por un lado, profundiza en los procesos (individuales y colectivos) vinculados a la construcción de estas subjetividades competitivas desde el enfoque de los estudios de la performance. Mientras que, por otro lado, examina la figura del freestyler en el marco de la (re)configuración y disputas del mundo del freestyle rap. Las reflexiones surgen de una investigación etnográfica en curso (2018-2023). Se realizó observación participante en competencias y se desarrollaron entrevistas a las y los jóvenes protagonistas. Como sugiero al final del artículo, las trayectorias permiten observar la producción de criterios de distinción en base al género y la clase social, ordenamientos de acuerdo a la popularización y profesionalización de la práctica musical, y finalmente reconocer la existencia de recorridos posibles que no son (siempre) lineales ni ascendentes.; This article analyzes the trajectories and experiences of young freestylers in the city of Córdoba (Argentina). On the one hand, it delves into the processes (individual and collective) linked to the construction of these competitive subjectivities from the perspective of performance studies. While, on the other hand, it examines the figure of the freestyler within the framework of (re)configuration s and disputes in the world of freestyle rap. The reflections arise from an ongoing ethnographic research (2018- 2023). Participant observation was carried out in competitions and interviews were carried out with the young protagonists. As I suggest at the end of the article, the trajectories allow us to observe the production of distinction criteria based on gender and social class, arrangements according to the popularization and professionalization of musical practice, and finally recognize the existence of possible routes that are not (always) linear or ascending.

Metonimia, materialidad y agencia: Reflexiones sobre la centralidad del libro en el proyecto político de Alfonso X (1252-1284); Metonymy, Materiality and Agency: Reflections on the Centrality of the Book in the Political Project of Alfonso X (1252-1284) Rey, Maria Paula La centralidad del libro en el proyecto político-cultural de Alfonso X ha recibido una atención creciente en los últimos años, especialmente desde la perspectiva de la codicología. Estos estudios han permitido conocer mucho más acerca del proceso de producción y circulación de los códices alfonsíes. Sin embargo, los mecanismos a través de los cuales el libro adquiere su significado y función fundamentales en el plan político y cultural alfonsí han sido sólo parcialmente abordados, desde perspectivas que oscilan entre una interpretación simbólica y otra más pragmática. En el presente trabajo intentaremos problematizar algunos aspectos vinculados a esta centralidad, a través de un análisis de los fundamentos metonímicos de la relación rey-libro y de su articulación discursiva. Propondremos que este fundamento constituye la clave que permite pensar al libro como manifestación material de la agencia del rey.; The centrality of the book in the political and cultural project of Alfonso X has received increasing attention in recent years, especially from the perspective of codicology. These studies have allowed us to learn much more about the production and circulation process of the Alfonsine codices. However, the mechanisms through which the book acquires its fundamental meaning and function in Alfonso’s political and cultural plan have been only partially addressed, from perspectives that oscillate between a symbolic interpretation and a more pragmatic one. In the present work, we will try to problematize some aspects linked to this centrality, through an analysis of the metonymic foundations of the king-book relationship and its discursive articulation. We will propose that this foundation constitutes the key that allows us to think of the book as a material manifestation of the king’s agency.

Ancient genomes reveal a deep history of Treponema pallidum in the Americas Barquera, Rodrigo; Sitter, T. Lesley; Kirkpatrick, Casey L.; Ramirez, Darío Alejandro; Kocher, Arthur; Spyrou, Maria A.; Couoh, Lourdes R.; Talavera González, Jorge A.; Castro, Mario; von Hunnius, Tanya; Guevara, Evelyn K.; Hamilton, W. Derek; Roberts, Patrick; Scott, Erin; Fabra, Mariana; Da Peña Aldao, Gabriela Verónica; Pacheco, Aryel; Rodriguez, Mónica; Aspillaga, Eugenio; Tiliakou, Anthi; Nelson, Elizabeth A.; Giffin, Karen L.; Bianco, Raffaela A.; Rohrlach, Adam B.; de los Ángeles García Martínez, María; Ballesteros Solís, Fabiola A.; Sajantila, Antti; Saunders, Shelley R.; Nores, Rodrigo; Herbig, Alexander; Krause, Johannes; Bos, Kirsten I. Human treponemal infections are caused by a family of closely related Treponema pallidum that give rise to the diseases yaws, bejel, pinta and, most notably, syphilis1. Debates on a common origin for these pathogens and the history of syphilis itself have weighed evidence for the ‘Columbian hypothesis’2, which argues for an American origin, against that for the ‘pre-Columbian hypothesis’3, which argues for the presence of the disease in Eurasia in the Medieval period and possibly earlier. Although molecular data has provided a genetic basis for distinction of the typed subspecies4, deep evolution of the complex has remained unresolved owing to limitations in the conclusions that can be drawn from the sparse palaeogenomic data that are currently available. Here we explore this evolutionary history through analyses of five pre- and peri-contact ancient treponemal genomes from the Americas that represent ancient relatives of the T. pallidum subsp. pallidum (syphilis), T. pallidum subsp. pertenue (yaws) and T. pallidum subsp. endemicum (bejel) lineages. Our data indicate unexplored diversity and an emergence of T. pallidum that post-dates human occupation in the Americas. Together, these results support an American origin for all T. pallidum characterized at the genomic level, both modern and ancient.

Nutrición de las ovejas gestantes y desarrollo de sus crías: ¿El manejo nutricional de las ovejas gestantes tiene efectos a largo plazo sobre sus crías? Bruno Galarraga, María Macarena; Villar, Laura; Cancino, Andrea Karina; Cueto, Marcela Isabel; Villagra, Sebastián El desarrollo deficiente y el bajo peso de los corderos son frecuentes en la cría extensiva, principalmente debido a la mala nutrición de las madres durante la gestación. En este artículo se expone cómo la falta de una buena nutrición durante la preñez afecta la supervivencia del cordero, su capacidad para ganar peso y la calidad final de la canal.

Mortalidad y decaimiento de bosques en el mundo y en la Patagonia Martinez Meier, Alejandro Gabriel; Sergent, Anne Sophie; Dalla Salda, Guillermina; Diez, Juan La supervivencia de los bosques se ve actualmente amenazada por el cambio climático. En las últimas décadas, mortalidad y procesos de decaimientos asociados a eventos de sequías y olas de calor han sido registrados en todos los bosques del mundo, inclusive en nuestros bosques Andino-Patagónicos.

Innovation religieuse et changement social: Dynamiques du phénomène évangélique en Amérique latine Mosqueira, Mariela Analía Cet article cherche à comprendre les dynamiques d’innovation et de standardisation dans le monde évangélique latino-américain. Dans une première partie, l’autrice présente une révision narrative de la littérature académique sur l’évangélisme et le changement social dans la région. Elle analyse ensuite les dynamiques d’innovation et de standardisation du monde évangélique à partir d’une recherche ethnographique et documentaire sur le rock chrétien. Enfin, elle propose une approche méso-réticulaire combinant l’interactionnisme et l’analyse des réseaux sociaux afin d’étudier comment les innovations religieuses se développent et s’institutionnalisent, offrant ainsi une base théorique et méthodologique pour de futures recherches en sociologie de la religion.; This article seeks to understand the dynamics of innovation and standardization in the Latin American evangelical world. First, the author presents a narrative review of the academic literature on evangelicalism and social change in the region. Next, she analyses the dynamics of innovation and standardization in the evangelical world on the basis of ethnographic and documentary research on Christian rock. Finally, she proposes a meso-reticular approach combining interactionism and social network analysis to study how religious innovations develop and become institutionalized, thereby providing a theoretical and methodological basis for future research in the sociology of religion.

Field evaluation of cat fur and TMT odours as repellents of commensal rodents in poultry farms Hillar, Gabriela Solange; Leon, Vanina Andrea; Busch, Maria; Esquenazi, Dana; Fraschina, Jimena Behavioural responses of prey to predation can be used as a management tool in breeding systems where rodents cause economic losses and pose a health risk for humans and domestic animals. In this work we assessed the effect of cat fur and TMT odours on food consumption and activity of rodents in poultry farms of the Buenos Aires Province, Argentina. The study was conducted in 8 poultry farms that are devoted to breeding broiler chickens. At each farm we randomly selected three sheds, which were assigned to TMT, cat fur odour or control treatments. Odours were applied on a 5 ×5 cm piece of cloth that was either placed inside feeders or over footprint trackingtiles. Food consumption was measured in each shed at 20 stations with 10 g of wheat seeds, while rodent activity was measured in 10 footprints tracking tiles. Both feeders and footprint tracking tiles were placed outside sheds along walls. Food consumption and activity were assessed 2, 4 and 6 days after the application of treatments. The odour of cat fur caused a reduction in food consumption by rodents, but there was not a significant effect on activity. We did not detect an effect of TMT neither on food consumption, nor in activity. We conclude that cat fur has the potential to be used as repellent for commensal rodents in field conditions. However, its applicationfor large-scale rodent control requires the development of a product that incorporates the active substance responsible for the aversion effect.

Ensayar sobre los ‘tiempos idos’, marcar nuestra presencia: Carta a un padre y Sara de Edgardo Cozarinsky; Rehersing about 'times gone by', marking our presence: Carta a un padre and Sara of Edgardo Cozarinsky; Écrire des essais sur les « temps passés », marquer notre présence: Carta a un padre et Sara de Edgardo Cozarinsky González Roux, Maya En el film Carta a un padre (2013) y el libro Sara (2013), Edgardo Cozarinsky explora no tanto las vidas de sus padres sino los “tiempos idos”, un pasado difunto hecho de reliquias, restos y silencios. A partir de las continuas digresiones, tan características de sus narraciones cinematográficas y literarias, el presente artículo se propone abordar el trabajo con la intimidad, siempre entrelazada a una época, y observar la oscilación entre ficción y documento, entre crónica, ensayo y escritura de vida.

Entre el peronismo histórico y Montoneros: decursos de una radicalización política a través de la trayectoria de Oscar Bidegain (1955-1989); Between historical peronism and Montoneros: courses of political radicalization through the career of Oscar Bidegain (1955–1989) Tocho, Fernanda Nora En el presente trabajo, desde un enfoque centrado en las trayectorias políticas o carreras militantes, nos proponemos analizar el derrotero de Oscar Bidegain -reconocido dirigente del peronismo histórico que gobernó la provincia de Buenos Aires entre mayo de 1973 y enero de 1974- y su vinculación con la organización armada Montoneros en los años setenta y en la recuperación democrática. Más precisamente, se indaga en su trayectoria posterior a la gestión bonaerense -mucho menos estudiada- que incluye el paso y la integración por diferentes espacios de sociabilidad y redes políticas vinculadas a la Tendencia Revolucionaria del peronismo, y más directamente a Montoneros: desde su participación en la cúpula del Partido Peronista Auténtico y el Movimiento Peronista Auténtico en el año 1975, a su incorporación, durante el exilio, como uno de los máximos dirigentes de la rama política del Movimiento Peronista Montonero en 1977; y su continuidad en la posdictadura, apoyando espacios como Intransigencia y Movilización Peronista en la transición electoral e integrando la Mesa Nacional del Peronismo Revolucionario en el año 1985, ya en el marco de su detención carcelaria durante los años del alfonsinismo y la hegemonía de la teoría de los dos demonios. De modo más general, el trabajo se inscribe en la línea de estudios que en los últimos años han examinado las múltiples formas de la política en los años setenta, poniendo el foco en la participación institucional, las apuestas políticas legales y los proyectos de gobierno de la izquierda peronista, que acompañaron y/o tensionaron la reconocida estrategia armada.; In the present work, from an approach focused on political trajectories or militant careers, we propose to analyze the path of Oscar Bidegain —a recognized leader of historical Peronism who governed the province of Buenos Aires between May 1973 and January 1974— and his connection with the Montoneros armed organization in the seventies and in the democratic recovery. More precisely, it investigates his career after the Buenos Aires administration —much less studied— which includes the passage and integration through different spaces of sociability and political networks linked to the Revolutionary Tendency of Peronism, and more directly to Montoneros: from his participation in the leadership of the Authentic Peronist Party and the Authentic Peronist Movement in 1975, to his incorporation, during exile, as one of the top leaders of the political branch of the Montonero Peronist Movement in 1977; and his continuity in the post–dictatorship, supporting Peronist Intransigence and Mobilization in the electoral transition and integrating the National Table of Revolutionary Peronism in 1985, within the framework of his prison detention during the Alfonsinism and the hegemony of the theory of the two demons. More generally, the work is part of the line of studies that in recent years have examined the multiple forms of politics in the seventies, focusing on institutional participation, legal political stakes and government projects from the peronist left, which accompanied and/or stressed the recognized armed strategy.

Terrestrial ciliate assemblages from Iguazú National Park (Argentina) under contrasting environmental scenarios Pascualat, Agostina; Siebert, Carolina; Gonzalez Garraza, Gabriela Carolina; Nenda, Santiago Javier; Kuppers, Gabriela Cristina Bryophytes and lichens provide organic nutrients and a moist environment for the development of microbial communities. Ciliates show adaptations to inhabit these biotopes where water availability is crucial, like forming resting cysts under unfavorable conditions. To identify possible drivers of these terrestrial ciliate communities, we analyzed the taxonomic richness and composition in two paths from Iguazú National Park (Circuito Inferior, near waterfalls; Sendero Macuco, away from cascades), during wet and dry periods, in samples composed of bryophytes or bryophytes + lichens growing on trees or rocks. The non-flooded Petri dish and optical microscopy methods were used. A total of 132 ciliates were found, mostly Spirotrichea and Colpodea. Taxonomic richness differed between paths (GLMM, p = 0.05), being 1.4 times higher in Sendero Macuco, which had more exclusive taxa than Circuito Inferior. Likewise, ciliate assemblages were influenced by habitat conditions and sample composition (NMDS, ANOSIM test p < 0.01). Bryophytes and lichens were dampened by the waterfall’s spray in Circuito Inferior during the wet period when higher richness was observed. In Sendero Macuco, higher richness occurred during the dry period, suggesting these differences could be related to contrasting habitats instead of climatic conditions. Nevertheless, C/P indices revealed a prevalence of the r-selected Colpodea over the K-selected Spirotrichea + Heterotrichea in both paths during the dry period, indicating unstable environmental conditions. Further research is needed to deepen our knowledge on terrestrial ciliates in this natural protected area from South America, which is a world hotspot for biodiversity.

El marco jurídico de la economía social y solidaria en Argentina. Configuración y evolución; The legal framework of the social and solidarity economy in Argentina: configuration and evolution Torres, Miguel Agustín; Moreil, Sophie La economía social y solidaria cuenta con profundos antecedentes en la historia argentina, coincidiendo el origen de sus prácticas principales con la instancia de configuración institucional del Estado nacional a mediados del siglo XIX. La conformación del marco jurídico específico en este ámbito, focalizado principalmente en el movimiento cooperativo y mutuales, implicó el desenvolvimiento de un proceso complejo y prolongado cuyo ritmo de avance no se ajustó, muchas veces, a la celeridad de los cambios propios del dinamismo que caracterizó al sector. Teniendo en cuenta ello, este trabajo se propone caracterizar la evolución que describió la regulación legal de la economía social y solidaria en el ordenamiento jurídico argentino. A través de un análisis de naturaleza cualitativa y con propósitos descriptivo y reflexivo, se recorre la trayectoria que cursó la configuración del marco legal específico identificando sus instancias principales. Se argumenta, en tal sentido, que en la evolución del régimen jurídico específico es posible distinguir dos fases, una de ellas correspondiente a la normación del cooperativismo y mutualismo y otra que aún se halla en formulación centrada en la necesidad de brindar cobertura normativa al extendido y diversificado campo social y solidario.; The social and solidarity economy has deep antecedents in Argentine history, the origin of its main practices coinciding with the institutional configuration of the national State in the mid-19th century. The formation of the specific legal framework in this area, focused mainly on the cooperative and mutual movement, involved the development of a complex and prolonged process whose pace of progress was not adjusted, many times, to the speed of the changes inherent to the dynamism that characterized to the sector. Taking this into account, this work aims to characterize the evolution that described the legal regulation of the social and solidarity economy in the Argentine legal system. Through an analysis of a qualitative nature and with descriptive and reflective purposes, the trajectory of the configuration of the specific legal framework is traced, identifying its main instances. It is argued, in this sense, that in the evolution of the specific legal regime it is possible to distinguish two phases, one of them corresponding to the regulation of cooperativism and mutualism and another that is still in formulation focused on the need to provide regulatory coverage to the extended and diversified social and solidarity field.

Determinantes de la adopción de tecnología de riego presurizado: El caso del Valle de Tulum, San Juan; Determinants of the adoption of pressurized irrigation technology: The case of the Tulum Valley, San Juan Goti Ayala, Ana Ayelén; Roco Fuentes, Lisandro Edgardo; Andrieu, Jimena La producción agrícola bajo riego en zonas áridas requiere una gestión eficiente en el uso de los recursos para garantizar la sostenibilidad del sistema. Por este motivo, es crucial comprender las decisiones en torno al uso y manejo del agua, la energía, la producción y los sistemas de riego. Este trabajo empírico analiza los factores que influyen en la instalación de sistemas de riego presurizado en el Valle de Tulum, San Juan, Argentina, a partir de una muestra de 106 predios mediante un modelo de regresión probit. Se identificaron que las siguientes variables impactaron de forma significativa y positiva: número de integrantes del hogar, nivel educativo, relación superficie regada sobre la superficie total, seguridad en la tenencia de la tierra, disponibilidad de fuentes de energía renovables y almacenamiento de agua intra finca. El estudio aporta a la compresión de la adopción de tecnologías en el medio rural y genera orientaciones relevantes para la política agraria.; Irrigated agricultural production in arid areas requires efficient management in the use of resources to ensure the sustainability of the system. For this reason, it is crucial to understand the decisions around water use and management, energy, production and irrigation systems. This empirical work analyzes the factors that influence the installation of pressurized irrigation systems in the Tulum Valley, San Juan, Argentina, based on a sample of 106 farms using a probit regression model. The following variables were identified as having a significant and positive impact: number of household members, educational level, irrigated area/total area ratio, land tenure security, availability of renewable energy sources and intra-farm water storage. The study contributes to the understanding of the adoption of technologies in rural areas and generates relevant guidelines for agricultural policy.

Relaciones entre imágenes y minerales. El caso de los grabados de El Salto-1 (dpto. Tinogasta, Catamarca); Relation between images and minerals: The case of El Salto-1 engravings (dpto. Tinogasta, Catamarca) Basile, Mara Valeria; Ratto, Norma Rosa Damos a conocer el primer relevamiento realizado en el sitio El Salto-1 compuesto por un conjunto de 10 (diez) bloques grabados dispuestos de manera dispersa en la terraza fluvial del río y quebrada homónima en el faldeo oriental de la sierra de Fiambalá, Tinogasta, Catamarca. Analizamos el repertorio temático en cada bloque, registrando los tipos de motivos, la técnica de ejecución y evaluando la existencia de superposiciones y diferencias en las tonalidades de las pátinas. Asimismo, ponderamos la importancia de considerar las condiciones de emplazamiento y definir así los contextos de los que estas imágenes participaron. Al respecto, investigaciones en curso pusieron de manifiesto la importancia del estaño, el cobre y otros minerales en las Sierras de Fiambalá y Zapata, su relación con la metalurgia prehispánica, tanto en tiempos de la conquista incaica como previos, y también las diversas estrategias implementadas para su control a lo largo del tiempo. En este marco, nuestra hipótesis de trabajo es que los grabados del sitio El Salto-1 están vinculados con distintas etapas de la cadena operativa metalúrgica, particularmente con el procesamiento de las menas de mineral de estaño; sin descartar aspectos de defensa, control y/o regulación del acceso a las amplias áreas mineralizadas.; We report the first survey conducted at the site El Salto-1, composed of a set of 10 (ten) engraved blocks scattered on the fluvial terrace of the El Salto river and ravine, in the eastern foothills of the Fiambalá mountain range, Tinogasta, Catamarca. We analyzed the thematic repertoire displayed in each block, recording the types of motifs, the technique of execution and evaluating the existence of overlaps and differences in the patina tonalities. We have also considered the importance of taking into account the conditions of placement, at the level of the site and of each block, to define the contexts in which these images participated. In this regard, archaeometallurgical work and ongoing research have shown the importance of tin, copper, and other minerals in the Sierras de Fiambalá and Zapata, their relationship with pre-Hispanic metallurgy, both during the Inca conquest and before, and also the different strategies implemented to control them over time. In this context, our working hypothesis is that the engravings of the site El Salto-1 are related to different stages of the metallurgical operational chain, especially to the processing of tin deposits, without excluding aspects of defense, control, and/or regulation of access to the large mineralized areas

Stability of melatonin in eutectic systems: New avenues in therapeutic product development Canizo, Brenda Vanina; Jofré, María Florencia; Mammana, Sabrina Belén; Elia Dazat, Ricardo Ariel; Silva, María Fernanda; Gomez, Federico Jose Vicente Melatonin is an indoleamine with functions as neurohormone, that is well known as pharmaceutical or healthcare product. Like many pharmaceutical compounds, melatonin is recognized to be an unstable molecule, principally sensitive to light and high temperatures. Storage conditions, including temperature and light, over different storage periods have been considered as important factors in melatonin degradation. This research describes for the first time, the utilization of natural deep eutectic solvents (NADES) as green alternatives to organic solvents for improving the stability of the hormone under various storage conditions. The results showed that temperature and light effect on melatonin content during the storage presented a diverse behavior according to the solvent. At low temperatures, the hydrophilic eutectic systems based on choline chloride-glycerol and lactic acid-glucose, along with water, were the most effective in extending the shelf life of the hormone compared to conventional solvents. However, at high temperature, this behavior was reversed. Regarding the effect of light, it significantly affects the stability of melatonin, primarily UV exposure. The eutectic systems appear to be the best medium for melatonin stability under this condition. These findings highlight the potential of NADES for their protective role in the stability of the compound that could be explained in terms of their viscosity and the hydrogen bond interactions within the solute and the eutectic systems.

Abordaje interdisciplinario en una tesis doctoral: Una investigación sobre Historia del Pasado reciente, Sociología Rural y Antropología de la Educación; Interdisciplinary Approach in a Doctoral Thesis: An Investigation in History of the Recent Past, Rural Sociology, and Anthropology of Education; Abordagem interdisciplinar numa tese de doutorado. Uma pesquisa sobre História do Passado Recente, Sociologia Rural e Antropologia da Educação Morzilli, Melina El presente trabajo tiene como objetivo general aportar al campo de los estudios sobre abordajes interdisciplinarios en ciencias sociales y humanas. En este sentido, aquí vamos a subrayar la relevancia de una propuesta interdisciplinaria (Notario, 2021), que pone en interrelación el campo de la Historia del Pasado Reciente, la Sociología Rural y la Antropología de la Educación en el marco de una tesis doctoral (Morzilli, 2019), perteneciente a un doctorado en Historia. Esta investigación sólo pudo concretarse mediante este abordaje interdisciplinario, al estudiar fenómenos sociales complejos. Para ello, daremos cuenta de las metodologías, las técnicas y fuentes que se implementaron y utilizaron para cada uno de los objetivos de la tesis, con la intención de visualizar cómo sólo a través de esta manera interdisciplinaria de abordarla se logró alcanzar sus objetivos. Por último, se realizarán reflexiones sobre la relevancia de la propuesta del abordaje interdisciplinario; This paper seeks to contribute to the field of interdisciplinary studies within the social and human sciences. In this respect, it emphasizes the significance of an interdisciplinary proposal (Notario, 2021) which interrelates the field of History of the Recent Past, Rural Sociology and Anthropology of Education within the framework of a doctoral thesis (Morzilli, 2019), for a doctorate in history. This research was made possible only through this interdisciplinary approach when studying complex social phenomena. The methodologies, techniques and sources employed for each research objective of the thesis are presented to illustrate how this interdisciplinary approach was essential to achieving the thesis’s aims. Finally, reflections are offered on the relevance of the interdisciplinary approach proposed.; O objetivo geral deste trabalho é contribuir para o campo de estudos sobre abordagens interdisciplinares nas ciências sociais e humanas. Nesse sentido, vamos destacar aqui a relevância de uma proposta interdisciplinar (Notário, 2021), que inter-relaciona o campo das ciências sociais. História do Passado Recente, Sociologia Rural e Antropologia da Educação no âmbito de uma tese de doutoramento (Morzilli, 2019), pertencente a um doutorado em história. Esta pesquisa só poderia ser realizada através desta abordagem interdisciplinar no estudo de fenômenos sociais complexos. Para isso, daremos conta das metodologias, técnicas e fontes que foram implementadas e utilizadas em cada um dos objetivos da tese, com o intuito de mostrar como os objetivos foram alcançados graças à abordagem interdisciplinar. Por fim, serão feitas reflexões sobre a relevância da proposta de abordagem interdisciplinar.