Experimental and theoretical second harmonic generation and photoluminescence from the pseudo-centrosymmetric dihydrochloride salt dihydrate of trans-1,2-bis(4-pyridyl)ethene Valdo, Ana Karoline Silva Mendanha; Da Silva, Cameron Capeletti; Maia, Lauro June Queiroz; Sarotti, Ariel Marcelo; Martins, Felipe T. Here we have prepared a dihydrochloride salt dihydrate of the well-known trans-1,2-bis(4-pyridyl)ethene (BPE) featuring both photoluminescent and nonlinear optical properties. In its triclinic lattice (space group P1), BPE cations are stacked face-to-tail through π⋯π interactions between the spacer double-bonded carbons and the protonated pyridyl ring, with a slippage of 3.45 Å always towards the same direction, which is common in other NLO crystals. The existence of inversion symmetry was suggested in its crystal structure, which was ruled out by the SHG emission centred at 487 nm upon excitation at 974 nm. While the fully optimized single molecule of the divalent BPE cation in the gas phase had almost null μ, βtot, βCT and βvec values calculated at the CAM-B3LYP/NLO-V//B3LYP/6-31G* level of theory, these values differed from zero in the crystal conformation. More interestingly, a ca. 4-fold increase in βtot, α and μ was observed for the π⋯π stacked four-molecules as found in its crystal structure. Lastly, this BPE material presents high photoluminescence emission centred at 425 nm under excitation at 366 nm, being therefore a multifunctional optical crystal form.

The invasive liriomyza huidobrensis (Diptera: Agromyzidae): Understanding its pest status and management globally Weintraub, Phyllis G.; Scheffer, Sonja J.; Visser, Diedrich; Valladares, Graciela Rosa; Soares Correa, Alberto; Shepard, B. Merle; Rauf, Aunu; Murphy, Sean T.; Mujica, Norma; MacVean, Charles; Kroschel, Jürgen; Kishinevsky, Miriam; Joshi, Ravindra C.; Johansen, Nina S.; Hallett, Rebecca H.; Civelek, Hasan S.; Chen, Bing; Metzler, Helga Blanco Liriomyza huidobrensis (Blanchard) is native to South America but has expanded its range and invaded many regions of the world, primarily on flowers and to a lesser extent on horticultural product shipments. As a result of initial invasion into an area, damage caused is usually significant but not necessarily sustained. Currently, it is an economic pest in selected native and invaded regions of the world. Adults cause damage by puncturing abaxial and adaxial leaf surfaces for feeding and egg laying sites. Larvae mine the leaf parenchyma tissues which can lead to leaves drying and wilting. We have recorded 365 host plant species from 49 families and more than 106 parasitoid species. In a subset of the Argentinian data, we found that parasitoid community composition attacking L. huidobrensis differs significantly in cultivated and uncultivated plants. No such effect was found at the world level, probably due to differences in collection methods in the different references. We review the existing knowledge as a means of setting the context for new and unpublished data. The main objective is to provide an update of widely dispersed and until now unpublished data, evaluate dispersion of the leafminer and management strategies in different regions of the world, and highlight the need to consider the possible effects of climate change on further regional invasions or expansions.

Diversidad de Theridiidae (Araneae) en la reserva natural e histórica Isla Martín García (Buenos Aires-Argentina); Theridiidae (Araneae) diversity in the natural and historical reserve Isla Martín García (Buenos Aires-Argentina) López Lezama, Diana; Armendano, Andrea Viviana; Scioscia, Cristina Luisa; González, Sandra Elisa; Barneche, Jorge Adrian; Giambelluca, Luis Alberto; Reboredo, Guillermo Raul; Gabellone, Cecilia Sofía; Gonzalez, Alda Las arañas son consideradas de importancia para estudios de biodiversidad, conservación y sucesión. Presentan facilidad para dispersarse y establecerse en nuevos hábitats por lo que son buenos colonizadores de territorios insulares. La familia de arañas Theridiidae es una de las más diversas, representada por una gran variedad morfológica, etológica y ecológica. En Argentina no existen trabajos referidos a terídios de territorios insulares, por lo tanto, este trabajo consiste en el primer registro de la familia en estos ambientes. La Isla Martín García es una Reserva Natural e Histórica que se ubica en el sector noreste del Río de La Plata y presenta variabilidad ambiental y florística. Para analizar la riqueza específica, abundancia relativa y diversidad alfa y beta de terídios se realizaron muestreos durante tres años consecutivos mediante red de golpeo y muestreo manual. Se capturaron un total de 1173 individuos, pertenecientes a nueve géneros y 21 morfoespecies. La especie más abundante en todos los ambientes fue Cryptachaea hirta (61,68%). La selva fue el ambiente con mayor diversidad (H’ = 1,9, J = 0,67) (S = 16), brindando una vasta vegetación, con amplios recursos para la subsistencia de estas arañas. La isla no correspondería a un área de importancia respecto a la singularidad de especies. Se encontraron tres nuevos registros para Argentina: C. altiventer, Theridion positivum y T. tinctorium.; Spiders are considered important for studies of biodiversity, conservation and succession. They readily disperse and become established in new habitats and are considered good colonizers of islands. The Theridiidae is one of the most diverse spider families, characterized by great morphological, ethological and ecological diversity. In Argentina, there are no studies of island theridiids, therefore, this study comprises the first record of the family in these environments. The Martín García Island is a Natural and Historical Reserve located in the northwest of the La Plata River and presents environmental and floristic variability. In order to analyse the species richness, relative abundance and alpha and beta diversity of theridiids, sampling was performed over three consecutive years, by beating net and manual sampling. We recorded 1173 spiders, belonging to 9 genera and 21 morphospecies. The most abundant species in all environments was Cryptachaea hirta (61.68%) The forest was the habitat with highest diversity (H’ = 1.9, J = 0.67) (S = 16), providing extensive vegetation, with vast resources for the survival of these spiders. The island is not an important area with regard to species singularity. Three new records were found for Argentina: C. altiventer, Theridion positivum and T. tinctorium.

Resource use associated with type 2 diabetes in Africa, the Middle East, South Asia, Eurasia and Turkey: results from the International Diabetes Management Practice Study (IDMPS) Gagliardino, Juan Jose; Atanasov, Petar K.; Chan, Juliana C. N.; Mbanya, Jean C.; Shestakova, Marina V; Leguet Dinville, Prisca; Annemans, Lieven Type 2 diabetes (T2D) and its complications form a global healthcare burden but the exact impact in some geographical regions is still not well documented. We describe the healthcare resource usage (HRU) associated with T2D in Africa, the Middle East, South Asia, Eurasia and Turkey.

Ultramafic rocks in the north patagonian andes: Is their emplacement associated with the neogene tectonics of the liquiñe-ofqui fault zone?; Rocas ultramáficas en los Andes norpatagónicos: ¿está su emplazamiento asociado a la actividad tectónica Neógena de la Zona de Falla Liquiñe-Ofqui? Hervé, Francisco; Fuentes, Francisco; Calderón, Mauricio; Fanning, Mark; Quezada, Paulo; Pankhurst, Robert; Rapela, Carlos Washington En la vertiente occidental de los Andes norpatagonicos de Chiloé continental (41°44’-42°12’ S) afloran serpentinitas y harzburgitas frescas o parcialmente serpentinizadas. Estas rocas están espacialmente asociadas con rocas metamórficas de bajo grado que contienen circones detríticos Cenozoicos. Estas rocas metamórficas, junto a metasedimentos Devónicos, han sido mapeados previamente como del Paleozoico superior-Triásico, una edad que no es sostenible para al menos una parte de ellos. El emplazamiento tectónico transpresivo del o de los cuerpos ultramáficos, se supone relacionado a la actividad de la Zona de Fallas Liquiñe-Ofqui, después de una fase extensional del Oligoceno tardío-Mioceno temprano en la región de antearco de los Andes actuales. La mencionada zona de fallas aparece inmediatamente al este de los afloramientos de rocas ultramáficas, y ha sido previamente interpretada como causante de una estructura de flor o hemiflor.; Serpentinites and fresh or partially serpentinized harzburgite crop out in the western slope of the North Patagonian Andes of continental Chiloé (41°44’-42°12’S). These rocks are spatially associated with low-grade metamorphic rocks containing Cenozoic detrital zircons. The metamorphic rocks, together with Devonian metasediments, have been mapped previously as Late Paleozoic-Triassic metamorfic complex, an age no longer tenable for at least part of the complex. Transpressional tectonic emplacement of the ultramafic body or bodies is thought to have been related to activity on the Liquiñe-Ofqui Fault Zone, following a late Oligocene-Early Miocene extensional phase in the forearc region of the present Andes. This fault zone occurs immediately east of the outcrops of the ultramafic rocks and has been interpreted previously as generating a hemi-flower or flower structure.

Efecto de la sincronización rítmica en pacientes con Trastorno del Espectro Autista; Effect of rhythmic synchronization in patients with Autism Spectrum Disorder Diaz Abrahan, Veronika Mariana; Gentili, Sebastián; Justel, Nadia Las investigaciones realizadas en los últimos años ponen el énfasis en la relación existente entre las alteraciones sensoriales y del movimiento en los trastornos del espectro autista, adjudicando el déficit a una alteración a nivel cortical y a una disfunción cerebelosa temprana. Desde el campo de la musicoterapia, se ha abordado el déficit sensorio-motor a través de técnicas para la compensación y/o rehabilitación de funciones cognitivas. El propósito de este trabajo es presentar un abordaje destinado apacientes con Trastorno del Espectro Autista (TEA), basado en el beneficio potencial de la sincronicidad rítmica sobre la regulación sensoriomotriz y sus consecuencias posteriores en las áreas deficitarias propias del cuadro. Para ello se seleccionaron 18 pacientes, entre 10 y 25 años, diagnosticados con TEA, quienes realizaron dos experiencias musicales, con y sin acompañamiento musicoterapeutico, de tres fragmentos musicales correspondientes a los géneros jazz, clásico y folclore. Los resultados indican que el acompañamiento por parte del musicoterapeuta, de ciertos fragmentos musicales, mejora el rendimiento de la sincronicidad rítmica así como también el contacto visual que el paciente realiza hacia al profesional, lo que podría brindar una posible intervención para el abordaje de los aspectos en déficit en el TEA.; Research in recent years emphasize the relationship between sensory and movement disorders in autism spectrum disorders, adjudging the deficit to altered cortical level and at an early cerebellar dysfunction. From the field of music therapy, it has addressed the sensorimotor deficit through techniques for compensation and / or rehabilitation of cognitive functions. The purpose of this paper is to present an approach aimed at patients with Autism Spectrum Disorder (ASD), based on the potential benefit of rhythmic synchronicity on the sensorimotor regulation and its aftermath in the box own deficit areas. For this purpose 18 patients participated in this study, between 10 and 25 years, diagnosed with ASD, who performed two musical experiences, with and without accompanying music therapy, three pieces of music corresponding to jazz, classical and folk genres were selected. The results indicate that the accompaniment by the music therapist, of certain musical fragments, improves the performance of rhythmic synchronicity well as eye contact the patient makes to the professional, which could provide a possible intervention for addressing aspects deficits in ASD.

Etnografía y antropología en Argentina: propuestas para la reconstrucción de un programa de investigación de lo universal; Ethnography and Anthropology in Argentina: Suggestions for the Reconstruction of a Research Program on Universality; Etnografia e antropologia na Argentina: propostas para a reconstrução de um programa de pesquisa do universal Visacovsky, Sergio Eduardo Desde el comienzo de la Antropología en Argentina, etnólogos y especialistas en folklore practicaron distintas formas de trabajo de campo. Ya en los años 1960 y 1970, un conjunto heterogéneo de investigadores gestó estilos de producción próximos a la antropología social anglosajona. Pero no fue sino en los albores del siglo XXI que el trabajo de campo basado en la observación participante y la elaboración de monografías (“etnografías”) se convirtió en el modo aceptado y normal de producción de conocimiento antropológico. Por un lado, mi intención es exponer este proceso de transformación mediante un relato en el que combinaré mi experiencia como nativo de la antropología de Buenos Aires con investigación sobre la historia de la disciplina en el país. Por otro, consideraré la situación presente como una oportunidad para interrogar nuestros modos de pensar y practicar la disciplina. Sostengo que lo etnográfico ha abierto caminos sumamente valiosos para entender nuestras realidades de un modo original, pero al mismo tiempo ha postergado otros. A partir del diálogo con una literatura internacional crítica de la situación disciplinaria actual, sugiero la revisión del modo en que estamos pensando la conexión entre lo etnográfico y lo que llamo una agenda de investigación propiamente antropológica, con la finalidad de subordinar los modos de trabajo a las preguntas y teorías. A mi juicio, este camino debiera llevarnos a realizar apuestas de investigación cada vez más riesgosas, que sean verdaderos desafíos intelectuales, lo que incluye hacer del mismo enfoque etnográfico algo más incierto y experimental.; From the beginning of Anthropology in Argentina, ethnologists and folklore specialists conducted various forms of fieldwork. In the 1960s and 1970s, a heterogeneous group of researchers created renewed research styles and approaches closer to the Anglo-Saxon Social Anthropology. But only in the early twenty-first century, fieldwork based on participative observation and the creation of monographs (“ethnographies”) became the socially accepted and normal way of production of anthropological knowledge. On one hand, I intend to expose this process of transformation, combining my biographical experience as a native of Buenos Aires Anthropology, together with, research on the history of the discipline in the country. On the other hand, I will consider the current situation of Anthropology in Argentina as an opportunity to question the ways we think and carry out the discipline. I argue that the ethnographic perspective has led the way to understanding our realities in an original manner, but it has also delayed the effect of others. Through dialogue with the international critical literature which has questioned the current disciplinary situation, I suggest reviewing the way we understand the connection between ethnography and what I refer to as an anthropological agenda, so that writing and fieldwork stay subordinated to problems and theories. From my viewpoint, a new program should encourage us to conduct riskier research, which would embrace real intellectual challenges. This will naturally imply turning the very ethnographic perspective into a more uncertain and experimental approach.; Desde o começo da antropologia na Argentina, etnólogos e especialistas em folclore praticaram diferentes formas de trabalho de campo. Já nos anos 1960 e 1970, um conjunto heterogêneo de pesquisadores geraram estilos de produção próximos à antropologia social anglo-saxã. Contudo, só no início do século XXI o trabalho de campo baseado na observação participante e na elaboração de monografias (“etnografias”) se tornou o modo aceito e normal de produção de conhecimento antropológico. Por um lado, minha intenção é expor esse processo de transformação mediante um relato no qual combinarei minha experiência como nativo da antropologia de Buenos Aires com uma pesquisa sobre a história da disciplina no país. Por outro, considerarei a situação presente como uma oportunidade para interrogar nossos modos de pensar e praticar a disciplina. Sustento que o etnográfico abriu caminhos sumamente valiosos para entender nossas realidades de um modo original, mas, ao mesmo tempo, adiou outros. A partir do diálogo com uma literatura internacional crítica da situação disciplinar atual, sugiro a revisão do modo no qual estamos pensando a conexão entre o etnográfico e o que chamo uma agenda de pesquisa propriamente antropológica, a fim de subordinar as formas de trabalho às perguntas e às teorias. Ao meu ver, esse caminho deveria levar-nos a realizar pesquisas cada vez mais ousadas, que sejam verdadeiros desafios intelectuais, o que inclui fazer da mesma abordagem etnográfica algo mais incerto e experimental.

A Rapid Chemical Method for Estimating Potentially Mineralizable and Particulate Organic Nitrogen in Mollisols Martinez, Juan Manuel; Galantini, Juan Alberto The objective of this study was to obtain an indicator of labile nitrogen (N) through a cost- and time-saving procedure by evaluating the relationships among potentially mineralizable N (N0), particulate organic matter N (POM-N) and soil organic N extracted through partial soil digestion with different concentrations of sulfuric acid (H2SO4). Soil sampling (0?20 cm) was from nine fields under no-tillage. The N0 and POM-N were determined by long-term aerobic incubation and soil physical fractionation, respectively. A simple chemical method was developed by soil digestion at 100°C for 4 h with different concentrations of H2SO4 (0.1, 0.5, 1, 6, 12, and 24 mol L−1). All acid concentrations showed significant relationships with N0 as POM-N; however, the best prediction was resulted for 0.5 mol L−1 (R2 = 0.90?0.94, respectively), thus using this methodology as soil labile N indicator. This method would optimize N0 and POM-N estimation in short term and at a low cost.

Registration of "Boyero UNNE" bahiagrass Urbani, Mario Hugo; Acuña, Carlos Alberto; Doval, D; Sartor, Maria Esperanza; Galdeano, Florencia; Blount, A. R.; Quesenberry, K. H.; Mackowiak, Chery L.; Quarin, Camilo Luis ‘Boyero UNNE’ (Reg. No. CV-5, PI 676021) bahiagrass (Paspalum notatum Flüggé) was registered with the National Register of Plant Cultivars and the National Register of Property for Plant Cultivars, Ministry of Agriculture, Livestock Exploitations, and Fisheries of Argentina, Resolution no. 276 in August 2012 (Reg. No. 3213) and released by the National University of the Northeast (UNNE), Faculty of Agricultural Sciences (FCA), Corrientes, Argentina. Boyero UNNE is a tetraploid, highly apomictic F1 hybrid developed between an experimentally obtained female parent, reproducing sexually, and an apomictic, wild bahiagrass genotype. It is the first registered cultivar of a tetraploid apomictic P. notatum developed by breeding through a sexual × apomictic hybridization scheme, exploiting apomixis and plant selection in the F1 progeny. The new cultivar has a more upright growing habit than tetraploid bahiagrass cultivars currently in use or wild tetraploid biotypes. It can produce approximately 19% more forage dry matter than its apomictic male parent, largely exceeding (20–51%) the wild bahiagrass type currently found in natural pasturelands of northeastern Argentina, and it produced 4 to 26% more than the cultivar Argentine at three locations in Florida, USA.

The shade-avoidance syndrome: Multiple signals and ecological consequences Ballare, Carlos Luis; Pierik, Ronald Plants use photoreceptor proteins to detect the proximity of other plants and to activate adaptive responses. Of these photoreceptors, phytochrome B (phyB), which is sensitive to changes in the red (R) to far-red (FR) ratio of sunlight, is the one that has been studied in greatest detail. The molecular connections between the proximity signal (low R:FR) and a model physiological response (increased elongation growth) have now been mapped in considerable detail in Arabidopsis seedlings. We briefly review our current understanding of these connections and discuss recent progress in establishing the roles of other photoreceptors in regulating growth-related pathways in response to competition cues. We also consider processes other than elongation that are controlled by photoreceptors and contribute to plant fitness under variable light conditions, including photoresponses that optimize the utilization of soil resources. In examining recent advances in the field, we highlight emerging roles of phyB as a major modulator of hormones related to plant immunity, in particular salicylic acid and jasmonic acid (JA). Recent attempts to manipulate connections between light signals and defence in Arabidopsis suggest that it might be possible to improve crop health at high planting densities by targeting links between phyB and JA signalling.

A study of debris and wear damage resulting from fretting of Incoloy 800 steam generator tubes against AISI Type 304 stainless steel Soria, Sergio Raul; Tolley, Alfredo Juan; Yawny, Alejandro Andres Wear damage and resulting triboparticles corresponding to fretting of Incoloy 800 steam generator tubes against AISI 304 pads were characterized in experiments performed in air at room temperature in a 90° cross cylinder configuration. Relative displacement amplitudes of 70, 116 and 160 µm under a normal contact load of 35±4 N were considered in experiments performed up to 106cycles. The topography and dimensions of the resulting scars on surfaces were characterized using light microscopy and scanning electron microscopy. The morphology, size and crystal structure of the debris detached during the test were determined by transmission electron microscopy and energy dispersive X-ray spectroscopy. It was verified that gross slip was the prevailing running fretting condition in all cases, while the characteristics of the scar surface layer and the corresponding wear mechanisms were found to depend on the amplitude of the relative displacement. Debris consisted in agglomerations of nano-crystalline oxide particles sized between 5 and 20 nm. The crystal structure of debris was found to depend on the displacement amplitude. For 70 µm and 116 µm, NiO, (Fe,Cr)2O3 and (Ni,Fe)(Fe,Cr)2O4 were found, while the formation of (Fe,Cr2)O3 and (Ni, Fe)(Fe,Cr)2O4 was verified for a displacement amplitude of 160 µm.

Localidades típicas de micromamíferos en Patagonia: el viaje de Hatcher a la meseta del lago Buenos Aires, Santa Cruz, Argentina; Type localities of small mammals in Patagonia: Hatcher’s expedition to the Meseta del Lago Buenos Aires, Santa Cruz, Argentina Christie, Miguel I.; Pardiñas, Ulises Francisco J. En base a la reconstrucción del viaje efectuado en 1898 por J. B. Hatcher y E. A. Colburn hacia la Meseta del lago Buenos Aires y sectores adyacentes (Santa Cruz, Argentina), se discute la procedencia geográfica de los holotipos de los roedores Eligmodontia morgani J. Allen, 1901 (Cricetidae) y Ctenomys colburni J. Allen, 1903 (Ctenomyidae). Para ambos taxones se restringen sus localidades típicas, cuya ubicación ha sido objeto de debate. Además, se refina información geográfica lograda por esta dupla de naturalistas para otros mamíferos patagónicos, en especial el ciervo Hippocamelus bisulcus.; On the basis of a reconstruction of J. B. Hatcher y E. A. Colburn’s 1898 expedition to Patagonia’s Lake Buenos Aires region and intervening areas (Santa Cruz, Argentina), we discuss the geographic provenance of the holotypes of the rodents Eligmodontia morgani J. Allen, 1901 (Cricetidae) and Ctenomys colburni J. Allen, 1903 (Ctenomyidae). Type localities for both taxa have been the subject of debate, and new information allows us to restrict their location. Additionally, we provide geographic information about other mammals documented by them, most notably the Huemul (Hippocamelus bisulcus).

Estudio de detención del riesgo de diabetes en atención primaria según cuestionario FINDRISC en el Municipio de Gral. Pueyrredón (Estudio DR. Diap); Diabetes risk detection study in primary care according to FINDRISC questionnaire in the Municipality of Gral. Pueyrredón (DR. Diap study) Guzmán Rodríguez, Segundo; Faingold, María Cristina; Suarez, Raúl Oscar; Guzmán Rodríguez, Sofía; López Priori, Mariel; Martinez Arca, Jorge; Lalli, Alejandra; Bonanno, Anastasia; Bozzone, Griselda; Pagani, Gabriela; Dottavio, Esteban; Orosco, Laura Mabel; Alzueta, Guillermo; Scandurra, Adriana; Passoni, Lucía Isabel; Ciccioli, Carlos; Leoni, Leandro; Zantleifer, Débora; Ruiz, María Laura; Rodríguez, Manuela Conocer la magnitud del riesgo de padecer diabetes mellitus 2 (DM2) en la población del Municipio de Gral. Pueyrredón que concurre a los Centros Asistenciales de Atención Primaria. Materiales y métodos: estudio observacional para determinar el riesgo de padecer DM2 mediante una entrevista donde se indagaron sobre las ocho preguntas del cuestionario FINDRISC. Resultados: la muestra del estudio estuvo constituida por 2.784 pacientes, el 54% conformada por mujeres. La edad fue agrupada en menos de 45 años el 47,5% (1.323), de 45 a 54 años el 20,9% (582), de 55 a 64 años el 18,3% (510) y más de 64 años el 13,2% (368). El 20% de la población presentó una puntuación de la escala de riesgo del cuestionario FINDRISC igual o mayor a 15, alto riesgo a muy alto riesgo de padecer diabetes en los próximos 10 años. El 43,38% presentó un IMC>30 y el 25,97% declaró recibir medicación para la hipertensión arterial. El 55,37% refería actividad física baja, el 50,79% no ingería verduras y frutas en forma diaria y el 17,98% declaró cifras de glucemias elevadas. Las variables que con mayor frecuencia se asociaron a una escala de riesgo >15 fueron: sedentarismo (80,9%), cintura >102/88 (65,7/77,2%), antecedente de hiperglucemia (64,0%), alimentación no saludable (61,9%) e IMC>30 (61,8%). El riesgo >15 según IMC fue: IMC <25, el 2,3%, IMC 25 a 30 el 16,9%, y el IMC >30 el 45,4%. Conclusiones: el 20% de la población encuestada está en alto riesgo de padecer diabetes. Una de cada dos o tres personas sin diabetes que asisten a un centro de Atención Primaria tiene un FINDRISC >15. Esta escala de riesgo es una herramienta simple, económica, de rápida confección, no invasiva y segura para detectar individuos con alto riesgo de padecer diabetes tipo 2. También puede usarse para identificar DM2 no detectada y factores de riesgo de enfermedad cardiovascular.; Objective: to determine the size of the population at risk of developing diabetes mellitus in the population of the municipality of Gral. Pueyrredón who go-attend to Health Centers for Primary Care. Materials y methods: observational study to determine the risk of developing DM2, through an interview where questions were asked about the 8 questions Questionnaire FINDRISC. Results: the study sample consisted of 2.784 patients, 54% were women. Age was grouped in less than 45 years old 47.5 % (1.323) from 45 to 54 years old 20.9% (582) from 55 to 64 years old 18.3% (510), and over 64 years old 13.2% (368). 20% of the population has a score of the risk scale questionnaire FINDRISC greater than or equal to 15, high risk to very high risk of developing diabetes in the next 10 years. The 43,38% showed a BMI >30 and 25.97% was currently receiving medication for high blood pressure. The 55.37% reported low physical activity, 50.79% do not eat vegetables and fruits on a daily basis and 17.98% declared high blood glucose. The variables most commonly associated with a risk score >15 were: sedentary lifestyle (80.9%), waist >102/88 (65.7/77.2%), history of hyperglycemia (64.0%), unhealthy diet (61.9%) and BMI>30 (61.8%). The risk >15 according to BMI was: BMI <25, 2.3%, BMI 25-30 16.9%, and BMI >30 45.4%. Conclusions: 20% of the surveyed population is at high risk for diabetes. One of every 2 or 3 non-diabetic patients attending to a primary care center have a FINDRISC >15. This diabetes risk scale is a simple, inexpensive tool, making quick, noninvasive and safe exploration to identify individuals at high risk of developing type 2 diabetes. It also can be used to identify undetected DM2 and risk factors for cardio vascular disease.

Heterogeneidad estructural y distribución del ingreso. El pasaje del estructuralismo latinoamericano al neoestructuralismo Chena, Pablo Ignacio El presente artículo explora el concepto heterogeneidad estructural con un doble objetivo, por un lado, analizar las diferentes interpretaciones que tiene el concepto a lo largo de la historia del pensamiento económico latinoamericano y, por otro, examinar su relación con otro fenómeno propio del capitalismo periférico, como lo es la desigualdad social. Con este fin se estudian los aportes del estructuralismo latinoamericano y del neostructuralismo, como creadores y referentes actuales del concepto respectivamente, para examinar luego sus causas y consecuencias sobre la distribución del ingreso.; This paper explores the concept of structural heterogeneity in the Latin American structuralism and neo-structuralism. The aim of this research is study the different meanings of this term along the history of Latin America economic thought and his relationship with other phenomena characteristic of peripheral capitalism, such as social inequality. Finally, we highlight the similarities and differences between the creators of the concept and their main followers, about its causes and effects on income distribution.

Las impresoras 3D y el diseño de medicamentos Marsón, Nahuel; Diaz Nocera, Aden; Real, Juan Pablo; Palma, Santiago Daniel Esta tecnología parece avanzar a pasos agigantados siendo variadas las técnicas de impresión disponibles. En el ámbito farmacéutico esta novedosa tecnología permitiría el desarrollo de terapias personalizadas adaptadas a la necesidad de cada paciente. Sumado a esto, el uso de este tipo de impresoras puede tener un alto impacto en proyectos de investigación centrados en el diseño de sistemas matriciales de liberación de Fármacos.

Mujeres migrantes y desigualdades socioterritoriales en barrios populares de San Carlos de Bariloche: tensiones y discursos contrapuestos Matossian, Brenda; Melella, Cecilia Eleonora San Carlos de Bariloche city, in argentinian Patagonia, experienced a demographic and urban growth in which international and internal migration had a significant role. These migrants have built “new” neighborhoods through which the city has expanded, following a dispersed city model. This fast growth deepened a pattern of polarized and strong socioterritorial inequalities, which is distinctive of cities with neoliberal models development. In this context, the last fifteen years, popular sectors have experienced new partnership strategies developed largely by women with strong neighborhood leadership, many of them are also migrants. These new strategies were concreted through the most legitimate neighborhood institutions in the middle cities of argentinian Patagonia: Neighborhood Councils. In this paper, we study, on the one hand, the resistance processes at a neighborhood scale, headed by women, through a particular event that has been the controversial installation of a Walmart`s supermarket (called Changomas) which led to the implementation of a referendum. Moreover, we will analize the tensions and conflicting speeches - through in-depth interviews and main local newspapers analysis- that have contributed the formation of a hegemonic imaginary based on binary representations of the city: one designed for tourism (“the Swiss Argentina”) and the other for the popular sectors in the periphery (“El Alto”).; La ciudad de San Carlos de Bariloche, en la Patagonia argentina, tuvo un crecimiento demográfico y urbano nutrido en buena medida por migraciones internacionales e internas. Estos migrantes han conformado los barrios “nuevos” a partir de que la ciudad se ha expandido, definiendo un modelo de ciudad dispersa. Este ritmo acelerado profundizó un patrón de asentamiento polarizado y con fuertes desigualdades socioterritoriales, propio de las ciudades con un tipo de desarrollo bajo modelos neoliberales. Frente a estas brechas, en los últimos quince años se han experimentado en los sectores populares nuevas estrategias asociativas impulsadas en buena medida por mujeres con fuerte liderazgo barrial, muchas de ellas migrantes. Estas nuevas estrategias se canalizan desde las instituciones barriales más legítimas en las ciudades medias de la Patagonia argentina: las Juntas Vecinales. En este artículo proponemos el estudio, por un lado, de los procesos de resistencia a escala barrial, encabezados por mujeres, a la luz de un acontecimiento particular que ha sido la instalación de una sucursal de la cadena de supermercados Changomas de la empresa multinacional Walmart; que derivó en la realización en una consulta popular. Por otra parte, analizaremos las tensiones y los discursos contrapuestos –a través de entrevistas en profundidad y el análisis de los principales periódicos locales– que contribuyen a la conformación de un imaginario hegemónico basado en las representaciones binarias sobre la ciudad, una pensada para el turismo (“La Suiza argentina”) y la otra destinada a los sectores populares en la periferia (“El Alto”).

On the age of the magnetically active WW Psa and TX Psa members of the beta Pictoris association Messina, S.; Santallo, R.; Tan, T.; Elliot, P.; Feiden, G.; Buccino, Andrea Paola; Mauas, Pablo Jacobo David; Petrucci, Romina Paola; Jofré, E. Context. There are a variety of different techniques available to estimate the ages of pre-main-sequence stars. Components of physical pairs, thanks to their strict coevality and the mass difference, such as the binary system analyzed in this paper, are best suited to test the effectiveness of these different techniques. Aims. We consider the system WW Psa + TX Psa whose membership of the 25-Myr β Pictoris association has been well established by earlier works. We aim to investigate which age-dating technique provides the best agreement between the age of the system and that of the association. Methods. We have photometrically monitored WW Psa and TX Psa and measured their rotation periods as P = 2.37 d and P = 1.086 d, respectively. We have retrieved their Li equivalent widths from the literature and measured their effective temperatures and luminosities. We investigated whether the ages of these stars derived using three independent techniques, that is based on rotation, Li equivalent widths, and the position in the HR diagram are consistent with the age of the β Pictoris association. Results. We find that the rotation periods and the Li contents of both stars are consistent with the distribution of other bona fide members of the cluster. On the contrary, the isochronal fitting provides similar ages for both stars, but a factor of about four younger than the quoted age of the association, or about 30% younger when the effects of magnetic fields are included. Conclusions. We explore the origin of the discrepant age inferred from isochronal fitting, including the possibilities that either the two components may be unresolved binaries or that the basic stellar parameters of both components are altered by enhanced magnetic activity. The latter is found to be the more reasonable cause, suggesting that age estimates based on Li content are more reliable than isochronal fitting for pre-main-sequence stars with pronounced magnetic activity.

El peso de los daños: estados de daño y razones para no dañar Truccone Borgogno, Santiago Damián En este trabajo me propongo analizar tanto qué significa sufrir un daño como la fuerza de las razones en contra de dañar que se derivan de los estados de daño. Argumentaré que existen distintos tipos de daño: absolutos y relativos, y que los primeros son cualitativamente más graves que los segundos. Argumentaré también que, si los daños sufridos pueden ser explicados enteramente en términos de daños absolutos, las consideraciones referidas a los daños relativos no deben entrar en juego. Tales consideraciones sólo deben ser tenidas en cuenta cuando los daños sufridos no puedan ser explicados enteramente en términos de daños absolutos. Si estas afirmaciones son correctas, contaremos con lineamientos que pueden servir de guía para, entre otras cosas, graduar la responsabilidad de los agentes en diferente clase de casos.; In this paper I intend to analyse the meaning of harm as well as the strength of the reasons against harming provided by harmstates. I will argue that there are two kinds of harms: absolute harms and relative harms. Also, I will argue that when certain harm has been completely covered by considering such harm as absolute, the consideration of such harm as –also– relative is displaced. Such considerations should be taken into account when the suffered harms cannot be entirely explained by considerations regarding absolute harms. If these claims are right, we will have guidelines to measure, among other things, the agent´s moral responsibility in different kind of cases.

El derecho a la ciudad, según Henri Lefebvre: del libro al movimiento Palero, Juan Santiago Este artículo busca profundizar en el concepto de derecho a la ciudad, partiendo de la obra de Henri Lefebvre, para recomponer la riqueza y la complejidad del concepto original. Se revisarán, también, las visione actuales de este concepto y su relación con otras ideas que forman parte del legado del sociólogo francés para la arquitectura, el urbanismo y para todas las miradas que confluyen en el ámbito de la ciudad. Por momentos, el derecho a la ciudad, como bandera de lucha, se muestra escindido del concepto que le diera origen. Es por eso que, se propone recomponer el contexto del libro al cual debe su nombre, rastreando las influencias del autor, la vigencia de los problemas abordados y el alcance de su propuesta. Teniendo en cuenta que el derecho a la ciudad constituye el eje del debate de la conferencia de Hábitat III de Quito 2016, resulta oportuno profundizar en las raíces conceptuales del libro escrito por Henri Lefebvre, como un paso previo para generar un enfoque apropiado a la escala de los problemas todavía vigentes, medio siglo después.; This article aims to deepen the concept of the Right to the City, starting from the work of Henri Lefebvre, in order to recompose the richness and complexity of the original term. A full review of this concept will be exposed, including actual changes, and its relation to other ideas that are part of the legacy of the French sociologist; focusing on his legacy for architecture, urbanism and for all the glances that come together in the study of the city. The right to the city, as a flag of struggle, is often shown split from the concept that gave rise to it; on the contrary, it is proposed to recompose the context of the book, tracking the influences of the author, the discussion of the problems addressed and the scope of his proposal. Considering that the Right to the City was central in the debate at the Habitat III conference that took place in Quito 2016, it is opportune to inquire into the conceptual roots of the book written by Henri Lefebvre. At least, as a previous step to generate an appropriate approach to the scale of the social issues still in force, half a century later.

La interseccionalidad entre clase y género: un acercamiento desde los relatos de vida Krause, Mercedes Un creciente número de trabajos viene revisando las dificultades que tienen los estudios de estratificación y movilidad social para incorporar la dimensión de género y estudiar la imbricación entre ambos ejes de desigualdad. Por ello, en este artículo tomamos distancia de los esquemas de clase y de los estudios cuantitativos de la estructura ocupacional e incorporamos las teorías de la interseccionalidad a los estudios de estratificación social para explorar cómo se viven, se rememoran y anticipan las trayectorias en vinculación con la conformación de las familias y las labores domésticas.; An increasing number of studies is reviewing the difficulties that social stratification and mobility analysis have to incorporate the gender dimension, and to study the overlap between these two axes of inequality. Therefore, in this article we take distance from class schemas and quantitative studies of the occupational structure. We incorporate the theories of intersectionality to social stratification studies, and we explore how trajectories are lived, reminisced and anticipated in connection with the formation of families and housework.