Los problemas cognitivos y la zona de interfaz entre la filosofía y las ciencias cognitivas
Silenzi, María Inés
El tópico que trata particularmente la relación que establece la filosofía con otras disciplinas es complejo y requiere una revisión y análisis bibliográfico mucho más extenso que el que podríamos desarrollar en el presente artículo. Restringimos entonces tal cuestión, acotándonos a la “zona de interfaz” que se establece entre la filosofía y las Ciencias Cognitivas tomando al problema de marco a modo de “nudo teórico” entre estas dos disciplinas. Ubicados dentro de esta zona de interfaz, nos preguntamos: ¿podrían influir los nuevos marcos teóricos (“el paradigma embebido”) de las Ciencias Cognitivas en la resolución de “viejos” problemas de la filosofía de la mente, como lo es el problema de marco? En nuestro trabajo atenderemos a las caracterizaciones de representación mental que el paradigma clásico y embebido de las Ciencias Cognitivas consideran, analizando si la caracterización “refinada” que el paradigma embebido postula, ofrece ciertas ventajas a la hora de solucionar este problema. Creemos que el énfasis que el paradigma embebido pone sobre la relación cuerpo, mente y entorno (que atraviesa al agente “situado”) es no sólo fundamental a la hora de describir nuestros procesos mentales “genuinos” sino también para solucionar algunos de los problemas perseverantes de la filosofía de la mente.
Effects of environmental perturbations during postnatal development on the phenotypic integration of the skull
Gonzalez, Paula Natalia; Oyhenart, Evelia Edith; Hallgrimsson, Benedikt
Integration and modularity are fundamental determinants of how natural selection effects evolutionary change in complex multivariate traits. Interest in the study of the specific developmental basis of integration through experimental approaches is fairly recent and it has mainly focused on its genetic determinants. In this study, we present evidence that postnatal environmental perturbations can modify the covariance structure by influencing the variance of some developmental processes relative to the variances of other processes that contribute to such structure. We analyzed the effects of the reduction of nutrient supply in different ontogenetic stages (i.e. before and after weaning, and from birth to adulthood) in Rattus norvegicus. Our results show that this environmental perturbation alters the phenotypic variation/covariation structure of the principal modules of the skull (base, vault, and face). The covariance matrices of different treatment groups exhibit low correlations and are significantly different, indicating that the treatments influence covariance structure. Postnatal nutrient restriction also increases the variance of somatic growth. This increased variance drives an increase in overall integration of cranial morphology through the correlated allometric effects of size variation. The extent of this increase in integration depends on the time and duration of the nutritional restriction. These results support the conclusion that environmental perturbations can influence integration and thus covariance structure via developmental plasticity.
Origin of Cuban Creole cattle inferred by patri- and matrilineages; Inferencia del origen del bovino Criollo Cubano a través del análisis de patri- y matrilinajes
Liron, Juan Pedro; Acosta, A.; Rogberg Muñoz, Andres; Uffo, O.; Posik, Diego Manuel; Garcia, J.; Peral Garcia, Pilar; Giovambattista, Guillermo
Antes de descubrimiento, no existían bovinos en América. Los primeros, fueron introducidos en la Antillas Mayores (La Española, Puerto Rico, Jamaica y Cuba), y desde allí trasladados al resto de Latinoamérica. Actualmente, existen en Cuba alrededor de 1300 bovinos Criollos, concentrados principalmente en la región oriental. Con el objetivo de analizar el origen materno de esta raza y detectar eventos contemporáneos de flujo génico por vía paterna, se analizó un fragmento de 240 pb del D-loop mitocondrial (mtADN) y 5 microsatélites del cromosoma Y (BTY), en 36 hembras y 21 machos respectivamente. La diversidad genética se estimó mediante el número de haplotipos, el número de sitios polimórficos, el número de diferencias nucleotídicas entre pares de secuencias y el índice de diversidad nucleotídica, mientras que el análisis filogenético se realizó utilizando el método de median joining network. Dicho análisis permitió detectar 15 haplotipos mitocondriales (10 del haplogrupo europeo T3, 3 del africano T1, 1 del cercano oriente T2 y 1 ambiguo T1-T3) y 3 haplotipos en el BTY, ambos del haplogrupo cebuíno Y3. En el mtADN se detectaron 23 sitios polimórficos con una diversidad nucleotídica de 0,014 y 3,36 diferencias medias entre pares de secuencias. En conclusión, la población de bovinos Criollos Cubanos presentó una composición haplotípica mitocondrial comparable a la de otras razas criollas y mediterráneas, hecho que concuerda con su origen histórico. El BTY evidenció altos niveles de introgresion paterna de genes del zebú.; Cattle was absent from America before the discovery. Initially, bovine were brought to Greater Antilles (La Española, Puerto Rico, Jamaica and Cuba islands), and in the course of a few years, they were taken from Caribbean islands to the rest of Latin America. Nowadays, Cuban Creole cattle population is about 1300 heads, mainly located in the eastern region of the island. With the aim of analyzing the maternal origin of Cuban Creole cattle and detect possible contemporaneous, male mediated, gene flow, a 240 pb fragment of mitochondrial D-loop (mtDNA) and five microsatellites of Y chromosome (BTY) were studied in 36 dams and 21 sires, respectively. Genetic diversity was evaluated through number of haplotypes, mean number of pairwise differences and nucleotide diversity. The phylogenetic analysis was performed using a median joining. A total of 15 mtDNA haplotypes were detected in the studied population (10 from the European haplogroup T3, 3 from the African T1, 1 from the Nearern East T2, and 1 ambiguous T1-T3). The number of polymorphic sites, the mean nucleotide diversity, and the mean number of pairwise differences were 23, 0.014 and 3.36, respectively. Two patrilinages were detected, both belonging to the Y3 Zebu haplogroup. In conclusion, Cuban Creole cattle population had a mtDNA haplotypic composition similar to the observed in Creole and Mediterranean breeds, what is in concordance with its historical origin. Y chromosome analysis evidenced a male mediated process of zebu introgression.
Habitat complexity and community composition: relationships between different ecosystem engineers and the associated macroinvertebrate assemblages
Sueiro, Maria Cruz; Bortolus, Alejandro; Schwindt, Evangelina
Several species of ecosystem engineers inhabiting coastal environments have been reported structuring different kinds of communities. The magnitude of this influence often depends on the habitat complexity introduced by the engineers. It is commonly accepted that an increase in habitat complexity will result in an increase in diversity and/or abundance in the associated fauna. The rocky salt marshes along the coast of Patagonia are dominated by cordgrasses, mussels, and barnacles forming a mosaic of engineered habitats with different complexity. This system allows us to address the following questions: how different is a macroinvertebrate assemblage when dominated by different ecosystem engineers? And, is there a positive relationship between increasing habitat complexity and the species richness, diversity and total density of the assemblages? To address these questions, we compared the three ecological scenarios with decreasing habitat complexity: cordgrass–mussel, mussel, and barnacle-engineered habitats. We found a total of 22 taxa mostly crustaceans and polychaetes common to all scenarios. The three engineered habitats showed different macroinvertebrate assemblages, mainly due to differences in individual abundances of some taxa. The cryptogenic amphipod Orchestia gammarella was found strictly associated with the cordgrass–mussel habitat. Species richness and diversity were positively related with habitat complexity while total density showed the opposite trend. Our study suggests that species vary their relative distribution and abundances in response to different habitat complexity. Nevertheless, the direction (i.e., neutral, positive or negative) and intensity of the community’s response seem to depend on the physiological requirements of the different species and their efficiency to readjust their local spatial distribution in the short term.
Sobrepeso y obesidad en relación a condiciones socio-ambientales de niños residentes en San Rafael, Mendoza; Overweight and obesity in relation to socio environmental conditions of children residents in San Rafael, Mendoza
Garraza, Mariela; Sugrañes, Nuria Andrea; Navone, Graciela Teresa; Oyhenart, Evelia Edith
El exceso de peso representa un problema emergente en salud pública, su prevalencia varía según zona de residencia, nivel socio-económico, edad y sexo. El objetivo del trabajo fue analizar las prevalencias de sobrepeso y obesidad en niños urbanos y rurales del Departamento de San Rafael, Mendoza, en relación a las condiciones socio-ambientales. Se realizó un estudio antropométrico transversal en 1176 individuos de 6 a 12 años. Se relevaron peso corporal, talla y pliegues subcutáneos tricipital y subescapular. El sobrepeso y la obesidad fueron determinados utilizando los criterios del International Obesity Task Force. El patrón de distribución adiposa se analizó mediante el índice Subescapular/Tricipital (IST). Un valor de IST>1 indicó centralización adiposa. El relevamiento socio-ambiental se realizó mediante encuesta autoadministrada. Los datos fueron procesados por análisis de componentes principales categórico (catACP). El catACP discriminó cuatro grupos según su condición socio-ambiental: Urbano: (Alto, Medio y Empobrecido) y Rural. Las prevalencias para sobrepeso fueron de 14,4% y para obesidad de 7,6%, siendo las diferencias sexuales no significativas. La población con sobrepeso presentó en ambos sexos, valores de IST<1. En los varones obesos el IST fue >1 a partir de los 9 años y en las mujeres a los 9 y 12 años. El sobrepeso se distribuyó homogéneamente en los cuatro grupos, en tanto que la obesidad fue mayor en el grupo con características rurales. Los resultados dan cuenta del creciente aumento del sobrepeso con distribución homogénea e independiente de la condición socioeconómica. La obesidad en cambio, se concentra principalmente en la zona rural.; The excess of weight represents an emerging problem in public health; its prevalence varies according to area of residence, socio-economic level, age and sex. The aim of this paper was to analyze the prevalence of overweight and obesity in urbans and rural childrens of the Department of San Rafael, Mendoza, in relation to socio-environmental conditions. A transverse anthropometrical study was performed in 1176 individuals from 6 to 12 years old. The following variables were measured: body weight, body height and subcutaneous tricipital and subscapular skinfolds. Overweight and obesity were determined using the cut off suggested by the International Obesity Task Force. The adipose distribution pattern was analyzed using Subscapular/Tricipital Index (STI). A STI value >1 indicated central adiposity. The socio-environmental analysis was carried out with a self-administered survey. Data was processed by the categorical principal component analysis (catACP). The catACP discriminated four groups based on their socio-environmental condition: Urban (High, Middle and Low Level) and Rural. Prevalence of overweight was 14,4% and of obesity 7,6%, with non significant differences between sex. Population with overweight presented an STI <1, in both sexes. Men with obesity showed values of STI >1 from 9 years old and women at 9 and 12 years old. Overweight was homogeneously distributed through the four groups, while obesity was higher in the group with rural characteristics. The results show an increment of overweight with homogeneous distribution and independent of the social-economic condition. Obesity, instead, is concentrated manly in rural areas.
Fitonimia wichí de hierbas y bejucos del Chaco semiárido salteño, Argentina; Wichi phytonymy of herbs and climbing plants of the Semiarid Chaco, Salta province, Argentina
Suarez, Maria Eugenia
Este trabajo es la prosecución de uno anterior de la autora dedicado a la fitonimia de especies arbóreas y arbustivas de los bosques del Chaco semiárido salteño, Argentina. En esta ocasión se presenta y examina lingüística y semánticamente un repertorio de 90 nombres wichís recopilados correspondientes a 83 especies de hierbas y bejucos que crecen en la misma zona de estudio. Se remarcan los resultados más sobresalientes y se comparan y discuten los mismos con los obtenidos en la contribución anterior. Se pretende así aportar al conocimiento de la fitonimia de este pueblo y continuar descubriendo patrones nomenclaturales subyacentes en su léxico etnobotánico.; This article is the continuation of a previous one by the same author who studies the Wichí phytonymy of shrubs and trees of the Chaco forests in Salta province, Argentina. On this opportunity, a list of 90 Wichí names for 83 species of herbs and climbing plants that grow in the same study area is shown and analysed both linguistically and semantically. The most significant results are noted and they are discussed with those of the previous article. In this way, we intend to contribute to the knowledge of Wichí phytonymy and to continue discovering nomenclatural patterns in their ethnobotanical lexicon.
Varicella zoster virus ORF25 gene product: an essential hub protein linking encapsidation proteins and the nuclear egress complex.
Vizoso Pinto, María Guadalupe; Pothineni, Venkata R.; Haase, Rudolf; Woidy, Mathias; Lotz Havla, Amelie; Gersting, Soren W.; Muntau, Ania C.; Haas, Jurgen; Sommer, Marvin; Arvin, Ann M.; Baiker, Armin
Varicella zoster virus (VZV) ORF25 is a 156 amino acid protein belonging to the approximately 40 core proteins that are conserved throughout the Herpesviridae. By analogy to its functional orthologue UL33 in Herpes simplex virus 1 (HSV-1), ORF25 is thought to be a component of the terminase complex. To investigate how cleavage and encapsidation of viral DNA links to the nuclear egress of mature capsids in VZV, we tested 10 VZV proteins that are predicted to be involved in either of the two processes for protein interactions against each other using three independent protein-protein interaction (PPI) detection systems: the yeast-two-hybrid (Y2H) system, a luminescence based MBP pull-down interaction screening assay (LuMPIS), and a bioluminescence resonance energy transfer (BRET) assay. A set of 20 interactions was consistently detected by at least 2 methods and resulted in a dense interaction network between proteins associated in encapsidation and nuclear egress. The results indicate that the terminase complex in VZV consists of ORF25, ORF30, and ORF45/42 and support a model in which both processes are closely linked to each other. Consistent with its role as a central hub for protein interactions, ORF25 is shown to be essential for VZV replication.
Resultados y análisis de la campaña 2011 de poroto en el Noroeste Argentino
Espeche, Maria Carolina; Vizgarra, Oscar N.; Mamani, J. Silvana; Velazquez, Darío; Ploper, Leonardo Daniel
El poroto (Phaseolus vulgaris L.) en Tucumán y en el noroeste argentino (NOA) ha sido uno de los cultivos alternativos de importancia, especialmente en aquellas zonas con características agroecológicas desfavorables para la soja. Además, con el poroto se amplían los días de siembra (entre 20 y 40 días) y se cierran los periodos de siembra de los cultivos de verano, representando una fuente importante de generación de recursos agrícolas para la región. En Tucumán la superficie sembrada con poroto negro ha tenido sus variaciones a lo largo de los últimos años, sembrándose en el año 2003 unas 5.000 hectáreas, alcanzando un máximo en el 2006 de 15.000 hectáreas, pero manteniéndose en los años siguientes entre 9.000 y 10.000 hectáreas. En la campaña 2011 la superficie sembrada con poroto negro en Tucumán no varió demasiado con respecto a la sembrada en la campaña 2010. Datos preliminares indican que la misma rondó las 8.000 ha de poroto negro, en tanto que de otros colores se sembraron cerca de 2.000 ha. En este artículo se realiza un comentario de la campaña 2011 de poroto en el NOA, y se presentan los resultados de los ensayos llevados a cabo en dicha campaña por el Proyecto Legumbres Secas de la EEAOC.
Materiales asignables a Titanosauria (Saurischia; Sauropoda) de la Formación Bajo Barreal, Cretácico Superior, Patagonia Central; Assignable materials to Titanosauria (Saurischia; Sauropoda) from the Bajo Barreal Formation, Upper Cretaceous, central Patagonia; Materiais atribuidos a Titanosauria (Saurischia; Sauropoda) da Formação Bajo Barreal, Cretãceo Superior, Patagonia central; Materiels attribuables aux Titanosauria (Saurischia, Sauropoda) dela Foarmation Bajo Barreal, Cretace Superieur, Patagonie Centrale
Ibiricu, Lucio Manuel; Casal, Gabriel; Martínez, Rubén D.; Navarrete, Cesar
Se describe nuevos materiales y se re-describen materiales previamente publicados del Miembro Inferior de la Formación Bajo Barreal (Cenomaniano-Turoniano), en la Cuenca del Golfo San Jorge (Grupo Chubut). Los materiales fueron hallados en afloramientos expuestos en las proximidades de las estancias Ocho Hermanos y Los Sauces-Laguna Palacios en la Patagonia central, Argentina. Estos materiales corresponden a un conjunto de dos vértebras dorsales, las cuales fueron encontradas asociadas en los afloramientos arriba mencionados. Los mismos se asignan a Titanosauria en base a sus rasgos morfológicos, como representantes basales para el grupo. La determinación de los mismos reviste importancia ya que amplía el registro de titanosaurios a nivel global, para el Cretácico Superior, y a nivel local para la Formación Bajo Barreal, de titanosaurios noepachthosaurines.; We report a new material and re- described material from the Lower Member of the Bajo Barreal Formation (Cenomanian-Turonian), in the Golfo San Jorge Basin (Chubut Group). The materials were recovered in outcrops exposed in the proximity of Ocho Hermanos and Los Sauces-Laguna Palacios ranches, in central Patagonia, Argentina. The materials correspond to a set of two dorsal vertebrae which was found associated in the above mentioned outcrops. We interpret these materials as belonging to Titanosauria and based on morphological features, as basal representatives for the group. The description of these materials is significant in that it adds to the generally sparse global record of Cretaceous (especially Late Cretaceous) titanosaurids. Furthermore, the materials enhance the fossil record of titanosaurian non-pachthosaurines in the Bajo Barreal Formation.; Descrevem-se novos materiais e se re-descrevem materiais do Membro Inferior da Formação Bajo Barreal (Cenomaniano-Turoniano), da Bacia do Golfo San Jorge (Grupo Chubut). Os materiais foram achados de afloramentos expostos nas proximidades das Estâncias Ocho Hermanos e Los Sauces-Laguna Palacios na Patagônia central, Argentina. Os materiais correspondem a um conjunto de duas vértebras dorsais, as quais foram encontradas associadas nos afloramentos acima mencionados. Os mesmos são interpretados como pertencentes à Titanosauria e baseados em suas características morfológicas, como representantes basais para o grupo. A determinação dos mesmos é importante já que aportam ao registro global cretáceo de titanossaurios (especialmente ao Cretáceo Superior). Assim mesmo, os materiais aumentam o registro fóssil de titanossaurios nao-epachthosaurineos para a Formação Bajo Barreal.; Nous signalons du matériel inédit et redécrivons du matériel provenant du Membre Inférieur de la Formation Bajo Barreal (Cénomanien-Turonien) du Bassin du Golfe de San Jorge (Groupe Chubut). Ces éléments proviennent d’affleurements situés à proximité des ranchs Ocho Hermanos et Los Sauces-Laguna Palacios en Patagonie centrale (Argentine). Ils comprennent un jeu de deux vertèbres dorsales retrouvées associées dans les affleurements sus-mentionnés. Nous interprétons ces éléments comme appartenant aux Titanosauria et, sur la base de caractères morphologiques, comme à des représentants de la base de ce groupe. La description de ces éléments est intéressante en ce qu’elle complète le registre global, généralement clairsemé, des titanosauridés crétacés (en particulier du Crétacé supérieur). De plus, ces éléments enrichissent le répertoire fossile des titanosaures non-pachthosaurines de la Formation Bajo Barreal.
Gonad atrophy caused by disseminated neoplasia in Mytilus chilensis cultured in the beagle channel, Tierra del Fuego province, Argentina
Cremonte, Florencia; Vázquez, Nuria Natalia; Silva, Mara Regina
Disseminated neoplasia in cultured Mytilus chilensis (Mytilidae) from the Beagle Channel (Tierra del Fuego Province) in southern Argentina has been detected for the first time. The disease is characterized by the infiltration of neoplastic cells with enlarged nuclei and high nuclear-to-cytoplasmic volume ratios. All specimens with disseminated neoplasia were female and exhibited gonadal atrophy in advanced stages of the disease. The high prevalence reported (13.3%) indicates an epizootic level.
El centro volcánico Sierra Grande: caracterización petrográfica y geoquímica del magmatismo extensional liásico, noreste de la Patagonia; Sierra Grande volcanic center: petrographical and geochemical characterization of the extensional liasic magmatism, northeastern Patagonia
Marquez, Marcelo Jose; Massaferro, Gabriela Isabel; Fernández, María I.; Menegatti, Nilda; Navarrete, César R.
El trabajo expone los datos, interpretaciones y conclusiones, obtenidos del mapeo litofacial de un área de aproximadamente 400 km2 del Complejo Marifil en la localidad de Sierra Grande sector noreste del macizo de Somún Cura, provincia de Río Negro. En el complejo volcánico del Jurásico inferior se identificaron facies intrusivas (stocks, diques, filón capa y domos) y facies piroclásticas (ignimbritas con distinto grado de soldamiento y tobas de caída) asociadas a sedimentos volcanogénicos y niveles de calizas. Las litofacies se distribuyen de manera inhomogénea, con los flujos piroclásticos dominando en la parte sur,los stocksen el sector oeste y los diques, domos y filones concentrados en la sierra Grande. A través de microscopía, se determinaron rocas riolíticas con abundante sanidina y cuarzo, proporciones variables de plagioclasa y biotita englobadas en unamesostasis de similar mineralogía y con grados diversos de desvitrificación. Los análisis geoquímicos de las litofacies principales establecen la presencia de riolitas y riodacitas. La orientación N y NNO de los diques, domos y filóncapa muestra fuerte coincidencia con la estructura del basamento sedimentario paleozoico, lo que se interpreta como una actividad estructural múltiple sobre fallas regmáticas que controlan el emplazamiento del centro volcánico Sierra Grande, para el que se propone un origen fisural. Se postula asimismo una secuencia relativa del volcanismo que se inicia con conglomerados sedimentarios, sedimentos volcanogénicos, ignimbritas, filón capa, tobas de caída y calizas, stocksy finaliza con el emplazamiento de domos seguidos por diques.; The data, interpretations and conclusions obtained from the lithofacial mapping of Marifil Complex, in an area of 400 km2near Sierra Grande, northeast of Somún Cura Massif, Río Negro province are presented here. intrusive facies (stocks, dykes,sills and domes) and pyroclastic ones (ignimbrites with different extent of welding and tuffs) associated with volcanogenic sedimentites and limestones were indentified. The lithofacies are not homogeneously distributed, the pyroclastic flows domina-te in the south, the stocks in the western region and the domes, dykes and sills concentrated in the Sierra Grande. Microscopicanalysis show rhyolitic rocks with phenocrysts of sanidine and quartz and subordinate biotite and plagioclase set in a groundmass with different degrees of devitrification. The chemical analyses show rhyolitic and rhyodacitic composition. The N andNNO orientation of the domes, dykes and sills is coincident with the structures of the Paleozoic sedimentary basement andallow interpreting that the emplacement of the Sierra Grande volcanic center was controlled by reactivation of regmatic faults.in this way, we proposed a fisural origin for this volcanism and that the relative sequence of events would have started withthe deposition of sedimentary conglomerates and volcanogenic sedimentites, and continued with ignimbrites, sill, tuffs and limestones, stocks and finally domes and dykes.
Avances en el pronóstico climático de las anomalías de lluvia en la Región Pampeana; Advances in the climatic forecast of rainfall anomalies in the Pampa Region
Labraga, Juan Carlos; Brandizi, Laura Daniela; Lopez, Monica Adriana
Los modelos globales de la circulación general de la atmósfera (MCGA) son capaces de simular anomalías climáticas estadísticamente significativas de escala estacional o mayor, asociadas con anomalías en la temperatura de la superficie del mar. Los MCGA pueden estimar efectivamente el signo y la probabilidad de tales anomalías climáticas cuando su extensión es varias veces mayor que la resolución espacial del modelo. En este trabajo se presentan algunos avances en la estimación de las anomalías de la lluvia en 22 localidades de la Región Pampeana Argentina mediante downscaling estadístico de la información producida por un ensamble de veinte simulaciones con el MCGA CSIRO-9, prescribiendo la temperatura de la superficie del mar de acuerdo con los valores diarios observados en el período 1987-1998. El downscaling estadístico de la lluvia produjo una mayor correlación con las observaciones locales que los datos de lluvia del MCGA interpolados sobre cada sitio. Los resultados de un Análisis de las Componentes Principales aplicado a los datos observados y estimados indican que este método de downscaling permite discernir áreas con diferente comportamiento de la lluvia dentro de la región de estudio.; Atmospheric general circulation models (AGCM) are able to simulate statistically significant climate anomalies of seasonal or larger time-scales, associated with anomalies in the sea surface temperature. AGCMs can effectively estimate the sign and probability of such climate anomalies whenever their extent is several times greater than the spatial resolution of the model. Some progress attained in the estimation of rainfall anomalies in 22 sites of the Pampa Region, Argentina, by means of statistical downscaling of the output from an AGCM are presented in this work. Downscaling models were based in the multiple lineal regression method. Climatic anomalies of the atmospheric independent variables required in the rainfall downscaling procedure were obtained from the ensemble average of twenty simulations carried out with the AGCM CSIRO-9, prescribing the sea surface temperature according to observed daily values in the period 1987-1998. The statistical downscaling of rainfall produced greater correlation with local observation than the AGCM rainfall data interpolated over each location. The results of a Principal Component Analysis applied to the observed and estimated data reveal that this downscaling approach is able to distinguish areas with different rainfall behavior within the study region.
Una (otra) novela que comienza: Lata peinada de Ricardo Zelarayán
Sosa, Carlos Hernán
Este trabajo se propone analizar la novela Lata peinada (2008), de Ricardo Zelarayán, texto donde se evidencia una recuperación de los usos de la experimentación narrativa, deudores de la antinovela de Macedonio Fernández y la modalidad de escritura con variaciones, tal como la practicaba Leónidas Lamborghini. Estas filiaciones, eminentemente enraizadas en la historia literaria rioplatense, se articulan con usos lingüísticos que intentan remedar sutilmente formas orales propias del noroeste argentino, donde trascurren las historias del relato. En este sentido, la escritura de Zelarayán permite analizar la curiosa elección de un autor que, durante varios años, luchó por instalarse en el campo literario porteño y articuló, en sus textos, una apuesta escrituraria que entrecruzaba tradiciones metropolitanas fuertes (Macedonio, Cortázar, Lamborghini) con señeras figuras autorales del interior menos reconocidas (Manuel J. Castilla, Jacobo Regen).; This work intends to analyze the novel Lata peinada (2008) by Ricardo Zelarayán, which shows a recovery of the uses of narrative experimentation in the tradition of Macedonio Fernández’ antinovel and of the writing mode with variations as practiced by Leónidas Lamborghini. These filiations, eminently rooted in the literary history of the Río de la Plata, are articulated with linguistic uses that try to subtly imitate oral forms typical of Northwest Argentina, where the stories narrated take place. In this sense, Zelarayán’s writing allows us to analyze the curious choice of an author who struggled for many years to place himself in the literary field of the city of Buenos Aires and who put forward a style interweaving strong metropolitan traditions (Macedonio, Cortázar, Lamborghini) with outstanding —though less renowned— authorial figures from the provinces (Manuel J. Castilla, Jacobo Regen).
Irreverentemente sensual: Trento de Leónidas Lamborghini; Irreverently sensual: Trento by Leónidas Lamborghini
Sosa, Carlos Hernán
La escritura de Leónidas Lamborghini se caracteriza por una lectura crítica de la tradición literaria de Occidente. A diferencia de otras formas de relaciones intertextuales más ortodoxas, las vinculaciones ensayadas por el autor transgreden las convenciones y extreman las estrategias intertextuales componiendo enrevesados mosaicos, plagados de alusiones a textos previos. Este trabajo aborda uno de sus últimos libros, Trento (2003), donde se de-construye el concilio de Trento, durante el cual el cuerpo de la iglesia acordaría los aspectos dogmáticos más sobresalientes del catolicismo. Especialmente, nos interesa analizar el modo en que el texto subvierte valores, enjuicia postulados, se burla de los fanatismos, entroniza la sexualidad y, en definitiva, revela las contradicciones irresueltas de la Iglesia como institución, desde una perspectiva carnavalesca que la parodia facilita. Es ese papel contestatario, que la risa y la moral del bufón apuntalan, el que imprime en el volumen su más evidente condición de reescritura revolucionaria y farsesca de la Historia.; The writing of Leónidas Lamborghini is characterized by a critical reading of the
Occidental literary tradition. Unlike other forms of more orthodox intertextual relations, he entailments tried by the author transgress the conventions and carry far the intertextual strategies composing complicated mosaics, plagued of references to previous texts. This article analyze one of its last books, Trento (2003), where is deconstructed the council of Trento, during which the body of the church would decide the dogmatic aspects more substitutes of the Catholicism. Especially, it interests to us to analyze the form in that the text subverts values, judges postulates, deceives of the fanaticisms, it enthrones the sexuality and, really, reveals the contradictions of the institution Church, from a carnival perspective that parody facilitates. It is that opposition, which the laughter and the “moral of buffoon” prop up, the one that prints in the volume his more evident condition of revolutionary and satirical re-writing of History.
Estudo em múltiplas escalas temporais da intensidade de raios cósmicos medida na superfície terrestre
Mendonça, Rafael Rodrigues Souza de; Raulin, Jean Pierre; Bertoni, Fernando Celso Perin; Echer, Ezequiel; Makhmutov, Vladimir Salingereevich; Fernandez, German Enzo Leonel
In this work we present the analysis of the first observations of the cosmic ray intensity measured by the CARPET detector. It was installed on 2006 at Complejo Astronomico El Leoncito (CASLEO) in Argentine Andes. We present the results of the study realized between April, 2006 and February, 2010 about the long ´ term variations in the cosmic rays related with the solar activity and the short term variations associated with the rain precipitation occurrences. Although the short operation time of the CARPET, it is observed a long term variation related with the 11-yr solar cycle. There is a gradual increase consistent with the solar activity decrease observed in this period. The analysis of transient variations related to the rainy periods indicates that changes in the atmospheric electric field also influences these short transient cosmic ray variations observed by the CARPET detector.
Post-mortem and symbiotic sabellid and serpulid-coral associations from the lower cretaceous of Argentina
Garberoglio, Ricardo M.; Lazo, Dario Gustavo
One morphotype of sabellids (Sabellida, Sabellidae) and two of serpulids (Sabellida, Serpulidae), found as encrusters on scleractinian ramose corals of the species Stereocaenia triboleti (Koby) and Columastrea antiqua Gerth, from the Agrio Formation (early Hauterivian) from Neuquén Basin, Argentina, are described. The identified morphotypes, Glomerula lombricus (Defrance), Mucroserpula mucroserpula Regenhardt and Propomatoceros sulcicarinatus Ware, have been previously recorded from the Early Cretaceous of the northern Tethys. Two different type of sabellid and serpulidcoral associations have been recognized. The first and more abundant association corresponds to post-mortem encrustation on corals branches. The second one corresponds to a symbiotic association between the serpulid P. sulcicarinatus and both species of corals. The serpulid tubes are recorded parallel to the coral branches reaching the upper tip of them and they were bioimmured within the coral as they grew upwards. The studied symbiotic relationship between serpulids and corals may be regarded as a mutualism as both members probably benefited each other. This type of association has similarities with recent cases of symbiosis between serpulids and corals, but had no fossil record until now.; São descritos um morfotipo de sabelídeo (Sabellida, Sabellidae) e dois de serpulídeos (Sabellida, Serpulidae), encontrados como epibiontes em corais escleractíneos coloniais ramificados das espécies Stereocaenia triboleti (Koby) e Columastrea antiqua Gerth, Formação Agrio, Hauteriviano inferior da bacia de Neuquén, Argentina. Os morfotipos identificados, Glomerula lombricus (Defrance), Mucroserpula mucroserpula Regenhardt e Propomatoceros sulcicarinatus Ware, têm registros na região abrangida pelo Tétis norte no Cretáceo Inferior. Dois diferentes tipos de associações de sabelídeo e de coral serpulídeo foram reconhecidos. A primeira associação e mais abundante corresponde à incrustação postmortem nos ramos dos corais. A segunda corresponde a uma associação simbiótica entre o serpulídeo P. sulcicarinatus e ambas as espécies de corais. Os tubos dos serpulídeos são registrados paralelos aos ramos do coral, atingindo a extremidade superior dos ramos e sendo encobertos por eles devido ao crescimento do coral. A relação simbiótica estudada entre serpulídeos e corais pode ser considerada como mutualismo, já que ambos são susceptíveis de se beneficiar um do outro. Este tipo de associação tem semelhanças com casos recentes de simbiose entre serpulídeos e corais, mas ainda não tinha sido encontrada no registro fóssil..
Periodic motions in forced problems of Kepler type
Amster, Pablo Gustavo; Haddad, Julián Eduardo; Ortega, Rafael; Ureña, Antonio J.
A Newtonian equation in the plane is considered. There is a central force (attractive or repulsive) and an external force λh(t), periodic in time. The periodic second primitive of h(t) defines a planar curve and the number of periodic solutions of the differential equation is linked to the number of loops of this curve, at least when the parameter λ is large.
La industria azucarera tucumana ante la crisis del "mosaico": Un análisis de los actores y las estrategias empresariales (1915-1920)
Moyano, Ricardo Daniel
El propósito del artículo es analizar las consecuencias de la "crisis del mosaico" en el complejo azucarero tucumano (1915 - 1917) y las distintas alternativas que se ensayaron para superarla. Analizaremos además las estrategias implementadas por las empresas azucareras ante esta coyuntura, centrando nuestra atención en la firma "Avellaneda & Terán", una empresa familiar de capitales tucumanos, a la que pudimos estudiar en detalle a través de sus archivos. De este modo, trataremos de combinar un análisis de tipo sectorial, junto con un enfoque microanalítico focalizado en las empresas azucareras, con el propósito de formarnos una imagen más acabada sobre el comportamiento empresarial ante esta coyuntura crítica.
Isolation of a strawberry gene fragment encoding an actin depolymerizing factor-like protein from genotypes resistant to Colletotrichum acutatum
Ontivero, Marta; Martinez Zamora, Martin Gustavo; Salazar, Sergio Miguel; Diaz Ricci, Juan Carlos; Castagnaro, Atilio Pedro
Actin depolymerizing factors (ADFs) have been recently implicated in plant defense against pathogenic fungi, associated with the cytoskeletal rearrangements that contribute to establish an effective barrier against fungal ingress. In this work, we identified a DNA fragment corresponding to a part of a gene predicted to encode an ADF-like protein in genotypes of Fragaria ananassa resistant to the fungus Colletotrichum acutatum. Bulked segregant analysis combined with AFLP was used to identify polymorphisms linked to resistance in hybrids derived from the cross between the resistant cultivar 'Sweet Charlie' and the susceptible cultivar 'Pájaro'. The sequence of one out of three polymorphic bands detected showed significant BLASTX hits to ADF proteins from other plants. Two possible exons were identified and bioinformatic analysis revealed the presence of the ADF homology domain with two actin-binding sites, an N-terminal phosphorylation site, and a nuclear localization signal. In addition to its possible application in strawberry breeding programs, these finding may contribute to investigate the role of ADFs in plant resistance against fungi.
