Evaluation of the influence of synthesis conditions on the morphology of nanostructured anodic aluminum oxide coatings on Al 1050 Bruera, Florencia Alejandra; Kramer, Gustavo Raul; Vera, Maria Laura; Ares, Alicia Esther Currently, the use of nanostructured films of anodic aluminum oxide (AAO) arouses great interest for a variety of nanotechnological applications. Previous studies have shown that the most important parameters in the anodic synthesis of nanoporous AAO films are the pretreatment of the substrate, the anodization voltage, and the nature, concentration and temperature of the electrolyte. To advance the development of nanomaterials, which are increasingly specific according to their functionality, in a simple and inexpensive way, it is essential to study the combined effect of the synthesis variables on the morphological properties of the coatings. The objective of this work was to study and predict the combined effect of the concentration and temperature of oxalic acid and the anodization voltage in the ordering, the pore diameter, the interpore distance, the pore density and the thickness of nanostructured films of AAO synthesized at 20, 30, 40 and 60 V and 20, 30 and 40 °C in 0.3 and 0.9 M oxalic acid, from the Al 1050 alloy. For this, surface images were obtained by optical microscopy and scanning electron microscopy, the latter being processed through the Fast Fourier Transform, and non-linear regressions were performed with the data obtained. The results proved which anodic synthesis conditions have the greatest influence on the ordering and each of the morphological parameters of the AAO films. The optimum voltage and temperature of the self-ordering regime for both oxalic acid concentrations tested were 40 V and 20 °C. The combined effect of the synthesis variables allowed obtaining coatings with a pore diameter of 27–150 nm, an interpore distance of 51–160 nm, a pore density of 35 × 108 –390 × 108 and a thickness of 10–130 μm.

Mechanisms involved in the contraceptive effects of ulipristal acetate Munuce, María José; Gómez Elías, Matías Daniel; Caille, Adriana María; Bahamondes, Luis; Cuasnicu, Patricia Sara; Cohen, Débora J. The use of emergency contraception (EC) methods is increasing worldwide as it constitutes an effective way to prevent unplanned pregnancy after unprotected sexual intercourse. During the last decade, ulipristal acetate (UPA), a selective progesterone receptor modulator, has emerged as the most effective EC pill, and it is now recommended as first-line hormonal treatment for EC in several countries. Its principal mechanism of action involves inhibition or delay of follicular rupture, but only when administered during the follicular phase before the luteinizing hormone (LH) peak. However, considering the high efficacy of UPA, it is possible that it also exerts contraceptive effects besides ovulation. In the present review, we summarize and discuss the existing evidence obtained on the effect of UPA on sperm function and post-ovulatory events as potential additional mechanisms to prevent pregnancy. The bulk of evidence collected so far indicates that UPA would not affect gamete function; however, it could impair embryo?uterine interaction. Thus, besides the described effects on ovarian function, UPA contraceptive effectiveness might also be attributed to post-ovulatory effects, depending on the moment of the female cycle in which the drug is administered.

Upstream logistic transport planning in the oil-industry: a case study Rossit, Diego Gabriel; Gonzalez, Mauro Ehulech; Tohmé, Fernando Abel; Frutos, Mariano Nowadays, oil companies have to deal with an increasingly competitive environment. In this sense, the optimization of operational processes to enhance efficiency is crucial. This article addresses the design of a decision support tool for the inland upstream transport logistics in the oil industry based on a case of study in Argentina. This problem is traditionally difficult to solve for managers due to the large number of demand facilities scattered on a large geographic area that have to be served and the consideration of several operational requirements, such as maximum allowable travel times for vehicles, availability of a limited fleet size with a small number of drivers, plus the usual demand constraints as well as those arising from security risks derived from the incompatibility of chemical products. A novel mathematical formulation and a constructive heuristic are proposed in order to address this problem. The results allow to reduce the time that the company spends for obtaining a feasible distribution plan that minimizes the time horizon of the distribution schedule provided to the clients and enhances customer satisfaction.

Accelerated particle swarm optimization with explicit consideration of model constraints Damiani, Lucía; Diaz, Ivan Ariel; Iparraguirre, Javier; Blanco, Anibal Manuel Population based metaheuristic can benefit from explicit parallelization in order to address complex numerical optimization problems. Typical realistic problems usually involve non-linear functions and many constraints, making the identification of global optimal solutions mathematically challenging and computationally expensive. In this work, a GPU based parallelized version of the Particle Swarm Optimization technique is proposed. The main contribution is the explicit consideration of equality and inequality constraints of general type, rather than addressing only box constrained models as typically done in acceleration studies of optimization algorithms. The implementation is tested on a set of optimization problems that serve as benchmark. Speedups averaging 299x were obtained with a single GPU on a standard PC using the PyCUDA technology. Satisfactory feasibility and optimality rates are also achieved, although a standard parameterization was adopted for all the experiments. Additional results are reported on a small set of difficult problems involving bilinear non-linearities.

Tectonic and geomorphic controls on the lacustrine deposits of the Neogene Vinchina basin, northwestern Argentina Marenssi, Sergio Alfredo; Limarino, Carlos Oscar; Schencman, Laura Jazmín; Ciccioli, Patricia Lucia Two episodes of lacustrine sedimentation, separated by an erosional surface and fluvial sedimentation, took place in the southern part of the broken foreland Vinchina basin (NW Argentina) between 11 and 5 Ma. The lacustrine deposits, 768 and 740 meters thick, are recorded in the upper part of the Vinchina Formation (''Vinchina lake'') and the lower part of the Toro Formation (''Toro Negro lake'') respectively. According to sedimentological features, four sedimentary facies associations (FAs) are recognized in the lacustrine deposits: 1) thinly laminated mudstones facies association (FA 1), 2) coarsening- and thickening-upward muddy to sandy cycles (FA 2), 3) medium-to coarse-grained sandstones (FA 3), and 4) mudstones, sandstones, and oolitic limestones (FA 4). Altogether, these facies correspond to ephemeral, shallow, lacustrine systems including saline mudflats. The total thickness of each lacustrine interval, the thickness of the individual cycles and their lithology, and the overall aggradational facies arrangement suggest that both lakes developed during underfilled stages of the basin. The coarsening-upward cycles can be regarded as lacustrine parasequences representing cyclic episodes of expansion and contraction of the lake, but unlike marine parasequences these cycles do not correlate to water depth. The development of lacustrine conditions and continuous base-level rise, together with the coeval southward-directed paleoflow indicators, suggest axial drainages and that the basin was externally closed (endorheic) at that time. The large thicknesses of each lacustrine interval also points to high accommodation in the southern part of the Vinchina basin during these times. Lake filling cycles are one order of magnitude thicker than lake depth, so we postulate that subsidence (tectonic) and rise of the spill point (geomorphology) increased accommodation but not water depth. Thus, unlike marine parasequences, the analyzed coarsening-upward cycles do not correlate to water depth, but rather they are controlled by more complex basinal accommodation processes. We hypothesize that the coeval uplift of the Umango and Espinal basement block to the south, coupled with the initial doming of the Sierra de Los Colorados to the east, may have generated the damming of the southward-directed drainage and a zone of maximum accommodation, then controlling the location of the two lakes and the preservation of their thick sedimentary records. Therefore, localized accommodation was enhanced by a combination of tectonic subsidence and topographic growth. The two lacustrine intervals and the intervening fluvial deposits record changing contributions from axial to transverse drainages and different cycles of closed and open conditions in the basin. A low-frequency, closed to open and back to closed (axial to transverse and return to axial drainage) basin evolution, is envisaged by the development of the two lakes (closed stages) and the erosional surface followed by the interval of fluvial sedimentation that separates them (open stage). In addition, several high-frequency lake fluctuations (expansion-contraction) are represented by the coarsening-upward cycles within each lacustrine interval. The thick lacustrine intervals and their intermediate incision surfaces record cyclic filling and re-excavation stages and localized episodes of increased subsidence in the Vinchina basin, which seem to be a common feature of tectonically active broken foreland basins.

Development of dried functional foods: Stabilization of orange pulp powder by addition of biopolymers Pacheco, Consuelo; García Martínez, Eva; Moraga, Gemma; Piña, Juliana; Nazareno, Mónica Azucena; Martínez Navarrete, Nuria The production of powdered food is an increasingly industry due to the high stability and easy handling of those products. The aim of this work was to evaluate the effect of the addition of gum Arabic (GA) in combination with bamboo fiber (BF) or cactus cladode mucilage (CM) on the physicochemical and antioxidant properties of orange pulp powder obtained by freeze drying. Additionally, the stability of the powders after 10 months of storage at 20 °C was evaluated. The results showed that the inclusion of GA with BF or CM to the orange puree previous to freeze drying improved their chemical and physical stability. The addition of solutes increased the glass transition temperature and made the samples more stable, without problems of collapse or caking during the storage. Functionally, the combination GA-BF resulted a better option since this formulation maintained better its antioxidant and antiradical properties over time.

The triad macrosomia, obesity, and hypertriglyceridemia in gestational diabetes Gorban de Lapertosa, Silvia Beatriz; Alvariñas, Jorge; Elgart, Jorge Federico; Salzberg, Susana; Gagliardino, Juan Jose Aims: Offspring of women with gestational diabetes (GD) have more macrosomia than newborns of normal mothers. We studied macrosomia frequency, possible pathogenesis, and main predictors of its appearance at different gestational ages. Materials and Methods: A total of 1870 pregnant women with GD were recruited in primary care centres and maternity hospitals in the Argentine provinces of Corrientes, Chaco, Buenos Aires, and in Buenos Aires City; 1088 completed gestation and delivered an infant. We collected clinical and metabolic data, personal and obstetric history, and gestational and delivery characteristics. Presence of macrosomia was analysed in the whole population, the entire pregnancy, and in each trimester of gestation. Data were statistically analysed and values were expressed as mean ± SD and percentages. The study protocol was approved by the Ethics Committee and all participants signed informed consent. Results: Macrosomia was found in 12.9% of newborns and obesity in all mothers with no significant differences between mothers with/without macrosomic offspring. In early pregnancy, the main significant indicators of macrosomia were: history of dyslipidaemia (5.6% vs 1.2%, respectively) and macrosomia in previous pregnancies (27% vs 13%, respectively). However, the third trimester showed a significant combination of higher BMI, FBG, and triglycerides. Conclusions: Offspring of women with GD presented macrosomia in 12.9% of cases, maternal history of dyslipidaemia and macrosomia in previous pregnancies being early predictors. The combination of maternal obesity, FBG, and hypertriglyceridemia became significant during the last trimester of pregnancy.

Aporphinoid Akaloids Derivatives as Selective Cholinesterases Inhibitors: Biological Evaluation and Docking Study Cavallaro, Valeria; Murray, Ana Paula; Pungitore, Carlos Rodolfo; Gutierrez, Lucas Joel Alzheimer´s dementia is a neurodegenerative disease that affects the elderly population and causes memory impairment and cognitive deficit. Manifestation ofthis disease is associated to acetylcholine decrease; thus, cholinesterase inhibition is the main therapeutic strategy for the treatment of Alzheimer?s disease.In the present study, a series of aporphinoid alkaloids were tested as potential acetylcholinesterase (AChE) and butyrylcholinesterase (BChE) inhibitors in vitro. Alkaloids liriodenine (3) and cassythicine (10) were the best inhibitorsof both cholinesterases with IC50 values lower than 10 μM. In addition, these alkaloids demonstrated better inhibition of BChE than reference drug galantamine.In addition, some alkaloids showed selective inhibition. Laurotetatine clorhydrate (13) selectively inhibit AChE over BChE. On the contrary, pachyconfine (7) interacted more efficiently with BChE active site.Molecular modelling studies were performed in order to illustrate key interactions between most active compounds and the enzymes and to explain their selectivity. These studies reveal that the benzodioxole moiety exhibits stronginteractions due to hydrogen bonds that form with the Glu201 (AChE) and Tyr440 (BChE) residues, which is reflected in the IC50 values.

Synthesis and characterization of alumina-embedded SrCo0.95V0.05O3 nanostructured perovskite: An attractive material for supercapacitor devices Salguero Salas, Marcelo Alexander; de Paoli, Juan Martin; Linarez Pérez, Omar Ezequiel; Bajales Luna, Noelia; Fuertes, Valeria Cintia Cobalt-based perovskite exhibit fascinating physical properties at the nanoscale. Better oxygen transport, higher ionic/electronic mixed conductivity and enhanced electrocatalytic activity are some of the most important highlighted properties compared to bulk perovskites. Such materials have proved to be excellent candidates for applications in solid oxide fuel cells and supercapacitors. In this work, a technological approach using highly ordered porous anodic aluminum oxide (AAO) as a template for the synthesis of low dimensional SrCo0.95V0.05O3 cubic perovskite is introduced. Thus, the impregnation of AAO membranes in two different mixed oxide precursor solutions, citric acid, on the one hand, and tartaric acid on the another hand, followed by thermal treatments and alumina dissolution, led to the successful synthesis of alumina-embedded SrCo0.95V0.05O3 nanostructured perovskite. By means of the Rietveld method refinement of the XRD data, the perovskite crystallization in a Pm-3m cubic system, as well as some crystalline phases of alumina were identified. FT-IR results showed the presence of a band at ~580 cm−1 for the nanostructured perovskites, attributed to the asymmetric stretching of the (Co/V)–O bonds, in good agreement with those exhibited by bulk perovskites. In addition, the capacitive behavior of composite electrodes prepared with low dimensional perovskites and lubricating graphite was monitored by cyclic voltammetry and galvanostatic charge/discharge cycles. Our results show an improved supercapacitive performance of the nanostructured perovskite respect to that obtained for the bulk configuration, indicating that nanostructured SrCo0.95V0.05O3 perovskite arises as a promising candidate material for supercapacitor devices.

Assessment of genetic diversity and population structure in a garlic (Allium sativum L.) germplasm collection varying in bulb content of pyruvate, phenolics, and solids Barboza Rojas, Karina; Salinas Palmieri, María Cecilia; Acuña, Cintia Vanesa; Bannoud, Florencia; Beretta, Hebe Vanesa; Garcia Lampasona, Sandra Claudia; Burba, José Luis; Galmarini, Claudio Romulo; Cavagnaro, Pablo Federico This study characterized genetic diversity in the Argentine garlic germplasm bank by analysis of 10 SSR loci in 73 garlic accessions. A total of 43 alleles and polymorphic information content (PIC) value of 0.38, along with various accessions that could not be differentiated with these SSR markers, suggest a relatively high level of genetic redundancy in this garlic collection. Nonetheless, cluster analysis using different methodologies (UPGMA, STRUCTURE, and PCoA) consistently and clearly separated these germplasm into four clusters. The garlic accessions were clustered in general agreement with their flowering behavior, botanical variety, ecophysiological group, and commercial bulb color-type. Two SSR markers strongly associated with the flowering phenotype (i.e., bolting vs. non-bolting) and ecophysiological group of the accessions were identified. In addition to the genetic analysis, the garlic accessions were characterized for their bulb content of solids, total organosulfur compounds (estimated by analysis of pyruvate levels) and total phenolic compounds, three groups of compounds associated with garlic?s flavor (pungency), nutraceutical value, and postharvest quality. Significant (p<0.001) and broad variation was found among the accessions for all three phytochemicals, and garlic genotypes with high levels of these compounds were identified. These results suggest that it will be possible to select for mild and pungent garlics, as well as for garlics with high functional value and longer shelf-life. Significant variation was revealed for phytochemicals content among different classes of botanical variety, flowering behavior and ecophysiological group.

SERT and BDNF polymorphisms interplay on neuroticism in borderline personality disorder Salinas Calderon, Valeria Macarena; Villarroel, Juana; Silva, Hernán; Herrera, Luisa; Jerez, Sonia; Zazueta, Alejandra; Montes, Cristián; Nieto, Rodrigo; Bustamante, M. Leonor Objective: Genetic factors underlying different personality traits are not entirely understood, particularly how genes interact to modulate their effect. We studied 76 patients diagnosed with borderline personality disorder (BPD), characterized by extreme levels of personality traits, especially neuroticism (N), in which we genotyped two polymorphisms, the 5HTTLPR of the Serotonin transporter (SERT) gene, and the Val66Met of the Brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) gene.Results: We found an association with SERT, where S-allele carriers had significantly higher levels of N than L-homozygous. Furthermore, we found that the protective effect of L-homozygosity is only evident on A-allele carriers of the BDNF Val66Met polymorphism. Genetic constitution in SERT and BDNF seems to be important in neuroticism, the most relevant personality trait on BPD.

Reshaping phenology: Grazing has stronger effects than climate on flowering and fruiting phenology in desert plants Tadey, Mariana Resources and climatic conditions impose bottom-up selective forces on flowering phenology, enabling flowering to occur when climatic conditions are the most suitable for reproduction. However, phenological rhythms also suffer from top-down forces imposed by herbivory, which may alter plant resources intake and allocation. I analysed the net effect of grazing and climate on phenological variables in an arid environment in northern Patagonia, using a hypothetical d-separation hierarchical path model, postulating two main pathways. One path analysed the effect of large exotic herbivores on flowering phenology and plant fitness, through plant damage. A second path estimated the effects of two main climatic variables (temperature and precipitation) on flowering phenology and plant fitness. Therefore, if climate has a stronger influence on flowering phenology than grazing, precipitation and/or temperature should show a stronger association with phenological variables than large herbivores’ density. I selected eight of the most common native plant species from seven independent rangelands located under the same environmental conditions but which differed in grazing intensity to study flowering phenology over four spring-summer seasons. I found that herbivore density had a stronger (negative) effect than climatic variables on flowering phenology affecting plant fitness. As grazing intensity increased, blooming started earlier, decreased in intensity, lasted for a shorter period of time leading to earlier fruiting. Temperature and precipitation had a positive effect on both flowering phenology and plant fitness, temperature having more influence than precipitation. My results suggest that grazing can impose top-down effects on the phenological variables and fitness of desert vegetation and that these are not counteracted by the bottom-up effects produced by climate. This illustrates a novel way through which exotic animals can affect ecosystem dynamics: by reshaping patterns of flowering phenology.

Core-corona effect in hadron collisions and muon production in air showers Bauer, Sebastian; Dembinski, Hans; Perlin, Matias; Pierog, Tanguy; Ulrich, Ralf; Warner, Klaus It is very well known that the fraction of energy in a hadron collision going into electromagnetic particles (electrons and photons, including those from decays) has a large impact on the number of muons produced in air shower cascades. Recent measurements at the LHC confirm features that can be linked to a mixture of different underlying particle production mechanisms such as a collective statistical hadronization (core) in addition to the expected string fragmentation (corona). Since the two mechanisms have a different electromagnetic energy fraction, we present a possible connection between statistical hadronization in hadron collisions and muon production in air showers. Using a novel approach, we demonstrate that the core-corona effect as observed at the LHC could be part of the solution for the lack of muon production in simulations of high energy cosmic rays. To probe this hypothesis, we study hadronization in high energy hadron collisions using calorimetric information over a large range of pseudorapidity in combination with the multiplicity of central tracks. As an experimental observable, we propose the production of energy in electromagnetic particles versus hadrons, as a function of pseudorapidity and central charged particle multiplicity.

Effect of crosslinking density on thermoresponsive nanogels: A study on the size control and the kinetics release of biomacromolecules Navarro, Lucila; Theune, Loryn E.; Calderon, Marcelo Thermoresponsive nanogels emerged as a robust and efficient platform for the delivery of a number of therapeutic agents. The need to deliver a wide range of biomolecules from different sizes requires a structural system with the ability to be tuned according to the specific applications. In this study, we design a library of nanogels using dendritic polyglycerol (dPG) as a crosslinker and poly (N-isopropyl acrylamide) as connecting thermoresponsive chains. Nanogels with diameters in a range of 70–210 nm were obtained by precipitation polymerization with low polydispersity. We provide a detailed study on how the flexibility of the network and size of the nanogels can be tuned by the modification of functionalities of the dPG, monomer feed and the size of the crosslinker. Additionally, we use different molecular weight proteins (6–66 kDa) as an indicator of the density of the structure by encapsulation and release experiments. We prove that the versatility of the system relays on the correct design of the nanogels and the careful selection of the starting materials and its final proportion in the reaction. By controlling the network density, a wider range of application can be achieved from a system with a short-term release triggered by temperature to a long-term release that could serve as reservoir platform.

La Neurología Infantil en su proyección profiláctico-social: Pediatría, Higiene Mental y Psicología en la Argentina (1934-1940); Child Neurology in its prophylactic-social projection: Pediatrics, Mental Hygiene and Psychology in Argentina (1934-1940); Neurologia Infantil em sua projeção profiláctica-social: Pediatria, Higiene Mental e Psicologia na Argentina (1934-1940) Briolotti, Ana Soledad Se analiza la propuesta de Aquiles Gareiso y Florencio Escardó en torno a la integración de la Neurología a la Pediatría. En momentos en los que la mayoría de los médicos concebían a la Neurología como una disciplina centrada en el diagnóstico, la propuesta de Gareiso y Escardó dialogaba con la Medicina Social, la Eugenesia y la Higiene Mental para proponer un enfoque dinámico, con potencialidades preventivas. Basada en el principio del paralelismo neuropsíquico, la Neuropediatría brindaba herramientas semiológicas para un diagnóstico temprano, hecho que excluía en principio los aportes de la Psicología. Posteriormente, dicho principio sería revisado a la luz de sus límites en la evaluación de niños a partir de los dos años de edad. Entre otros elementos, este hecho habría posibilitado una mayor apertura del campo pediátrico argentino a las técnicas de evaluación psicológica.; The article analyzes the proposal of Aquiles Gareiso and Florencio Escardó concerning the integration of Neurology into Pediatrics. In a period in which the majority of the physicians conceived Neurology as a discipline centered on diagnosis, Gareiso’s and Escardó’s proposal interacted with Social Medicine, Eugenics and Mental Hygiene to propose a dynamic focus, with preventive potentials. Based on the principle of neuropsychological parallelism, Neuropediatrics provided semiological tools for early diagnoses, excluding, initially, the contributions of Psychology. Subsequently, this principle was reviewed in light of its limits in the assessment of children aged two years and older. Among other elements, it is believed that this enabled a greater openness of the Argentinian pediatric field to psychological assessment techniques.; O artigo analisa a proposta de Aquiles Gareiso e Florencio Escardó sobre a integração da Neurologia na Pediatria. Em um período em que a maioria dos médicos concebeu a Neurologia como uma disciplina centrada no diagnóstico, a proposta de Gareiso e Escardó interagiu com a Medicina Social, Eugenia e Higiene Mental para propor um foco dinâmico, com potencialidades preventivas. Baseada no princípio do paralelismo neuropsicológico, a Neuropediatria forneceu ferramentas semiológicas para diagnósticos precoces, excluindo, inicialmente, as contribuições da Psicologia. Posteriormente, esse princípio foi revisado à luz de seus limites na avaliação de crianças com dois anos ou mais. Entre outros elementos, acredita-se que isso permitiu uma maior abertura do campo pediátrico argentino às técnicas de avaliação psicológica.

El debate acerca del desarrollo agropecuario argentino: la mirada de la intelectualidad trotskista; O debate sobre o desenvolvimento agrícola argentino: o olhar da intelectualidade de trotskist; The debate about argentine agricultural development: the look of trotskist intellectuality Lissandrello, Guido Axel A partir de la década de 1950 en toda América Latina y, con particular fuerza en la Argentina, se reactualizó el debate acerca del desarrollo y el subdesarrollo. Una página particular de esa discusión fue reservada a los problemas de la producción agropecuária y las trabas a su desarrollo. La bibliografía hasta ahora disponibles, se han concentrado en este debate privilegiando una serie de actores: los partidos políticos, las corporaciones rurales e industriales y los intelectuales que abordaron el problema en la etapa. Sin embargo, aún está pendiente un estudio acerca del tratamiento que esta problemática recibió en organizaciones e intelectuales filiados en las tradiciones políticas de izquierda. Intentando comenzar a subsanar ese déficit, nos proponemos abordar esta problemática acerca del desarrollo agrario argentino a partir de las interpretaciones elaboradas por un intelectual de izquierda filiado en la tradición del trotskismo: Milcíades Peña. En este sentido, nos interesa indagar si esta posición política radical lo llevó a elaborar una corriente que terciara entre las explicaciones liberales y agrarias, o si, por el contrario, quedó preso de alguna de ellas. Para ello, estudiamos los artículos escritos por este autor en su revista de debate intelectual, llamada Fichas.; A partir da década de 1950 em toda a América Latina e, com particular força na Argentina, o debate sobre desenvolvimento e subdesenvolvimento foi atualizado. Uma página específica dessa discussão foi reservada para os problemas da produção agrícola e os obstáculos ao seu desenvolvimento. A bibliografia disponível até o momento se concentrou nesse debate, privilegiando vários atores: partidos políticos, corporações rurais e industriais e intelectuais que abordaram o problema no estágio. No entanto, ainda está pendente um estudo sobre o tratamento que esse problema recebeu em organizações e intelectuais afiliados às tradições políticas de esquerda. Tentando começar a corrigir esse déficit, propomos abordar esse problema sobre o desenvolvimento agrícola argentino a partir das interpretações elaboradas por um intelectual de esquerda filmado na tradição do trotskismo: Milcíades Peña. Nesse sentido, estamos interessados em indagar se essa posição política radical o levou a elaborar uma corrente terciária entre explicações liberais e agrárias, ou se, pelo contrário, ele estava preso em uma delas. Para isso, estudamos os artigos escritos por esse autor em sua revista de debate intelectual, chamada Fichas.; From the 1950s throughout Latin America and, with particular strength in Argentina, the debate about development and underdevelopment was updated. A particular page of that discussion was reserved for the problems of agricultural production and the obstacles to its development. The bibliography so far available, have focused on this debate by privileging a number of actors: political parties, rural and industrial corporations and intellectuals who addressed the problem at the stage. However, a study is still pending on the treatment that this problem received in organizations and intellectuals affiliated with left-wing political traditions. Trying to begin to correct this deficit, we propose to address this problem about the Argentine agricultural development from the interpretations elaborated by a leftist intellectual filmed in the tradition of Trotskyism: Milcíades Peña. In this sense, we are interested in inquiring whether this radical political position led him to elaborate a current that tertiary between liberal and agrarian explanations, or if, on the contrary, he was imprisoned in one of them. To do this, we study the articles written by this author in his intellectual debate magazine, called Fichas.

An event of simultaneous activity of atmospheric gravity waves and meteotsunami in the inner continental shelf of the Buenos Aires Province, Argentina Perez, Iael; Dragani, Walter Cesar; Saucedo, Marcos Adolfo; Godoy, Alejandro Anibal; Cerne, Silvia Bibiana The aim of this paper is to investigate an event of simultaneous activity of atmospheric gravity waves (AGW) and meteotsunami recorded on December 1–2, 2013, in the inner continental shelf of Buenos Aires Province, Argentina. The Weather Research and Forecasting (WRF) model was implemented to simulate high-frequency atmospheric disturbances. WRF outputs were used to drive an oceanic model (Tide And Wind Induced Circulation, TAWIC) to reproduce the observed meteotsunami. WRF model was validated using twenty-five data series of atmospheric pressure, and a high-resolution atmospheric pressure data series observed at Mar del Plata. TAWIC model was validated using a high-resolution sea-level data series recorded at Mar del Plata. WRF model was able to capture the main synoptic and mesoscale features during the simulated period. Wavelet and cross-wavelet analysis showed that the spectral structures of the AGW and meteotsunami were satisfactorily simulated. AGW propagated following the storm track, and its activity area was mainly bounded between Mar del Plata and Punta Médanos. Numerical simulations showed that the meteotsunami was practically negligible westwards Quequén Port and at the Río de la Plata mouth, and that it was amplified when the AGW propagated along the coast. Numerical results suggest that the meteotsunami can be seen like an ocean edge wave propagating along the coast of the Buenos Aires Province.

Effects of Fusarium graminearum and Fusarium poae on disease parameters, grain quality and mycotoxin contamination in barley (Part II) Martínez, Mauro; Ramirez Alburquerque, Lady D.; Dinolfo, María Inés; Biganzoli, Fernando; Fernández Pinto, Virginia; Stenglein, Sebastian Alberto Barley is one of the most important winter crops in the world, withmultiple uses such as human consumption, animal feed and for the malting industry. This crop is affected by different diseases, such as Fusarium Head Blight (FHB), that causes losses in yield and quality. In the last years F. graminearum and F. poae were two of the most frequently isolated species in barley grains, so the aim of this study was to evaluate the interaction between these Fusarium species and the effects on disease parameters, grain quality and mycotoxin contamination on five barley genotypes under field conditions.RESULTS: Statistical differences between Fusarium treatments for some parametersdepending mainly on the year/genotype were found. The results showed that germination process was affected by both Fusarium species. As to grain quality and the different hordein fractions, it was observed that F. graminearum affects preferentially D and Chordeins Different concentrations of nivalenol, deoxynivalenol and their acetylated derivatives (3-ADON and 15-ADON) were detected.CONCLUSIONS: In the present work, no evidence of synergism between F.graminearum and F. poae were found regarding disease parameters and mycotoxincontamination. However, at least in the years with favorable climatic conditions to FHB development and depending on the barley genotype, a continuous monitoring is deemed necessary to prevent the negative impact on protein composition and germinative parameters.

A Penicillin Derivative Exerts an Anti-Metastatic Activity in Melanoma Cells Through the Downregulation of Integrin αvβ3 and Wnt/β-Catenin Pathway Barrionuevo, Alejandra Elizabeth; Cayrol, Maria Florencia; Cremaschi, Graciela Alicia; Cornier, Patricia Griselda; Boggian, Dora Bernarda; Delpiccolo, Carina Maria Lujan; Mata, Ernesto Gabino; Roguin, Leonor Patricia; Blank, Viviana Claudia The synthetic triazolylpeptidyl penicillin derivative, named TAP7f, has been previously characterized as an effective antitumor agent in vitro and in vivo against B16-F0 melanoma cells. In this study, we investigated the anti-metastatic potential of this compound on highly metastatic murine B16-F10 and human A375 melanoma cells. We found that TAP7f inhibited cell adhesion, migration and invasion in a dose-dependent manner. Additionally, we demonstrated that TAP7f downregulated integrin αvβ3 expression and Wnt/β-catenin pathway, a signaling cascade commonly related to tumor invasion and metastasis. Thus, TAP7f reduced both the enzymatic activity and the expression levels of matrix-metalloproteinases-2 and -9 in a time dependent manner. Moreover, TAP7f inhibited the expression of the transcription factor Snail and the mesenchymal markers vimentin, and N-cadherin, and up-regulated the expression of the epithelial marker E-cadherin, suggesting that the penicillin derivative affects epithelial–mesenchymal transition. Results obtained in vitro were supported by those obtained in a B16-F10-bearing mice metastatic model, that showed a significant TAP7f inhibition of lung metastasis. These findings suggest the potential of TAP7f as a chemotherapeutic agent for the treatment of metastatic melanoma.

Assessment of high-frequency steady-state visual evoked potentials from below-the-hairline areas for a brain-computer interface based on Depth-of-Field Floriano, Alan; Delisle Rodriguez, Denis; Diez, Pablo Federico; Bastos Filho, Teodiano Freire Background and Objective: Recently, a promising Brain-Computer Interface based on Steady-State Visual Evoked Potential (SSVEP-BCI) was proposed, which composed of two stimuli presented together in the center of the subject's field of view, but at different depth planes (Depth-of-Field setup). Thus, users were easily able to select one of them by shifting their eye focus. However, in that work, EEG signals were collected through electrodes placed on occipital and parietal regions (hair-covered areas), which demanded a long preparation time. Also, that work used low-frequency stimuli, which can produce visual fatigue and increase the risk of photosensitive epileptic seizures. In order to improve the practicality and visual comfort, this work proposes a BCI based on Depth-of-Field using the high-frequency SSVEP response measured from below-the-hairline areas (behind-the-ears). Methods: Two high-frequency stimuli (31 Hz and 32 Hz) were used in a Depth-of-Field setup to study the SSVEP response from behind-the-ears (TP9 and TP10). Multivariate Spectral F-test (MSFT) method was used to verify the elicited response. Afterwards, a BCI was proposed to command a mobile robot in a virtual reality environment. The commands were recognized through Temporally Local Multivariate Synchronization Index (TMSI) method. Results: The data analysis reveal that the focused stimuli elicit distinguishable SSVEP response when measured from hairless areas, in spite of the fact that the non-focused stimulus is also present in the field of view. Also, our BCI shows a satisfactory result, reaching average accuracy of 91.6% and Information Transfer Rate (ITR) of 5.3 bits/min. Conclusion: These findings contribute to the development of more safe and practical BCI.